Month: April 2012

No. 211,515 – Improvement In Bench-Tools (James H. Lewis) (1879)

[paiddownloads id=”297″]211515

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JAMES H. LEWIS, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF HIS RIGHT TO GEORGE H. STELLWAGEN, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-TOOLS.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 211,515, dated January 21, 1879; application filed September 18, 1878.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES H. LEWIS, of Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michigan, have invented an Improvement in Bench-Tools, of which the following is a specification:

The nature of my invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in hand or bench tools of the spokeshave class for working curved moldings, having for its object to so construct the same as to enable the operator to work with the grain of the timber when it reverses in direction, thus avoiding the expense of a second tool of the same configuration.

The invention consists in providing the segment stock or head with two throats and cutters, inclined toward each other, as is more fully hereinafter set forth.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of my device. Fig. 2 is a cross-section of the same; and Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section, showing the relative position of the centers.

In the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, A represents a metal stock or head, being a segment whose face has the cross-section of the molding that is to be produced. a are throats, inclined toward each other, as shown, and in which are secured the cutter-bits B by means of clamp-plates B’ and screws b, or in any other convenient manner. These bits have a contour at the cutting-edge adapted to produce a molding of the desired cross-section, but are designed to out in opposite directions, so that in working a curved molding either bit may be used to cut with the grain when it reverses its direction, as it necessarily does, thus avoiding the necessity of having a pair of such tools for working each pattern of molding, the one having a reverse cut from that of the other.

The handles are made detachable, as shown; but it is evident that the stock may be provided with permanent or stationary handles, if desired.

What I claim as my invention is —

The bench-tool described, consisting of the segmental head A, having the throats a a and the cutters B, secured in opposite directions in said head by the adjustable plates B’ and screw b, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

JAMES H. LEWIS.

Witnesses:
H. S. SPRAGUE,
A. BARTHEL.

No. 209,969 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Daniel M. Heald) (1878)

[paiddownloads id=”296″]209969

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

DANIEL M. HEALD, OF MILFORD, NEW HAMPSHIRE.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 209,969, dated November 19, 1878; application filed April 22, 1878.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, D. MILTON HEALD, of Milford, county of Hillsborough, State of New Hampshire, have invented an Improvement in Planes, of which the following is a specification:

This invention relates to improvements in planes, and has reference more especially to the method and means of supporting and adjusting the plane-iron in the throat, the invention being applicable to both wood and metal planes.

The cap, connected, as usual, with the plane-iron, is provided with a recess to receive the end of a cap-screw carried by a slide made adjustable by means of an adjusting-screw in guideways of a plate, f, pivoted within the body of the plane, so that as the slide is moved by the adjusting-screw the plane-iron and cap are moved longitudinally in the throat.

Figure 1 represents, in longitudinal vertical section, a plane provided with my improvements; Fig. 2, a front-end view thereof. Fig. 3 represents a modidcation hereinafter referred to.

As shown in this instance of my invention, the body a of the plane is supposed to be of wood and to be provided with a throat, b, extended therethrough in the usual manner.
The plane-iron c and its cap d are adjustably connected by means of the screw e, as in other planes.

The plane-iron holder f, preferably made of cast metal and pivoted to the body of the plane at g, has formed in it a guide slot or way, h, to receive a slide, i, which is made longitudinally adjustable therein by means of an adjusting-screw, j, preferably a compound screw, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, it being composed of a coarse-threaded portion, k, fiitted to a lug, l, of the iron holder f, and of a finer-threaded portion, m, fitted to a lug, n, of the slide i. This slide i is provided with a cap-screw, o, having at its end a tenon, p, which enters a recess in the cap d, there being a shoulder on the screw a short distance per face of the cap and hold it and the plane-iron down in contact with the portion q of the body of the plane within the throat.

When the screw o is turned so that the tenon p enters the recess in the cap, it is obvious if the compound screw be turned that it will act upon the slide i and move it in the slot of the holder f and move with it the plane-iron and cap to regulate the degree of their projection below the face of the plane.

It is obvious that the end of screw o might be recessed to receive a tenon projecting from the cap.

By providing the screw j with threads of different pitch its power is increased. Such screw takes the place of the lever or cam commonly used in other adjustable planes.

The compound screw and cap-screw being located above the iron enables it to be more readily adjusted than can be the irons of other planes wherein the adjusting devices are below the iron.

The screw j might be provided with a thread of uniform pitch; but threads of two pitches are preferable. This compound screw is lntended to operate on the principle of the well-known “Hunter screw.”

I claim —

The combination, with the plane-body, of an iron-holder, f, pivoted thereto, a slide fitted to the said iron-holder, an adjusting-screw to move the slide longitudinally in the holder, and a cap-screw, o, carried by the slide, the said cap-screw being adapted to engage the cap d, located below the holder, to thereby adjust it and its attached plane-iron in unison, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

DANIEL MILTON HEALD.

Witnesses:
JOHN M. STANYEM,
LEONARD W. FRENCH.

No. 209,246 – Improvement In Bench Planes (Patrick Gallagher) (1878)

[paiddownloads id=”295″]209246

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

PATRICK GALLAGHER, OF EUREKA, NEVADA.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 209,246, dated October 22, 1878; application filed August 29, 1878.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PATRICK GALLAGHER, of Eureka, in the county of Eureka and State of Nevada, have invented a new and Improved Bench-Plane, of which the following is a specification:

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a vertical longitudinal section of my improved bench-plane, and Fig. 2 is a top view of the same with a part broken off.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

This invention has reference to improvements in bench planes, so that the cutting-iron lies flat and will make a smoother cut in the wood, being also more easily adjusted than in the old styles of planes, in which the iron is retained by a wedge-piece.

The invention consists of a bench-plane whose cutter is firmly retained by a clamp-screw and a hinged and spring-acted cover on the slanting seat of the plane.

Referring to the drawings, A represents a bench-plane, either a jack-plane, fore-plane, or jointer, and made of wood or iron, of the usual size and shape. The iron cutter B is secured by a clamp-screw and slot to the slanting bottom of the plane, which is laid flat thereon, so as to cut smoother. It is held firmly in position near the cutting-edge by a metallic cover or cap, C, that is hung by ears a to a cross-pin, b, the part above the pin being set at an obtuse angle to the lower part, and acted upon by strong band-springs d, that are riveted to a detachable piece or bridge, e, secured to side grooves of the plane. The springs d press the lower end of the cover or cap C firmly on the cutter and secure it in position, while admitting its more convenient adjustment than when fastened by a wedge, as in the planes in general use. The cutter may be turned over, if desired, so that the bevel of the cutting-edge will be either up or down, according to the grain of the wood to be planed. For changing or removing the cutter the clamp-screw has to be unscrewed and placed in line with the slot, when, by pressing on the upper part of the cover, the iron can be readily taken out. When replacing it the clamp-screw is tightened and the cutter thereby held rigidly in connection with the spring-cap.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

In a bench-plane, the combination of a cutting-iron, screwed to the plane by a clamp-screw, with a hinged cap or cover, and with springs attached to a detachable cross-piece or bridge, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

PATRICK GALLAGHER.

Witnesses:
H. A. KNIGHT,
JAMES G. FORD.

No. 207,599 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Henry A. Foss) (1878)

[paiddownloads id=”294″]207599

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

HENRY A. FOSS, OF PINE MEADOW, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO PHILIP E. CHAPIN, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 207,599, dated September 3, 1878; application filed April 15, 1878.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY A. FOSS, of Pine Meadow, in the county of Litchfield and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements pertaining to a Carpenter’s Plane, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, where —

Figure 1 is a top view of a plane embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a side view of same. Fig. 3 is a bottom view of the fastening-lever. Fig. 4 is a view of the fastening-lever in central longitudinal section. Fig. 5 is a side view of the lower end of the fastening-lever.

The letter a denotes the body or stock of a metallic plane. b denotes the plane-iron, which may or may not be supplemented by a cap-iron lying on a proper bed and running down to the throat. The letter c denotes the fastening-lever, bearing on its sides the fulcrum-ears d d, resting in the fulcrum-mortises e e, which are made in the plane-stock, provided near the upper end with the tightening-screw f and at the lower end with the rocking end g, which is pivoted to the fastening-lever in such shape as to allow it to rock and adjust itself to bear squarely and flatly on the plane-iron. To secure this rocking motion, the lower end of the fastening-lever is provided with the pivot-pin h, which runs through a corresponding pin-hole, i, in the rocking end, and is provided with a head on the under side. Preferably the spring j is also secured on this pin, bearing against the under side of the rocking end.

The sides of the plane-body are provided with or shaped into the swells k k, and the fulcrum-mortises e e are made just underneath these swells. These swells allow the passage of the fulcrurn-ears d d down to the fulcrum-mortises. Then, by sliding the fastening-lever slightly forward, the ears d d are carried to the forward ends of the mortises, which are inwardly shouldered, so that the ears lock under at this point. This construction not only allows the fulcrum-mortises to be cast, but the swells give a good gripe for the hand of the operator.

The letter l denotes a knob or handle, fastened to the fastening-lever c by having the screw l’ cast in or projecting from the fastening-lever, and running into the knob. Another mode of fastening on this or such a knob is illustrated by the knob m, which is driven into the ring m’, cast on or projecting from the floor of the plane-stock.

I claim as my invention —

1. In combination with the plane-body and plane-iron, the fastening-lever c, provided with the rocking end g, substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

2. The fastening-lever c, provided with the screw l’, and combined with the knob l.

HENRY A. FOSS.

Witnesses:
JAMES WILEY,
O. T. HUNGERFORD.

No. 206,507 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Justus A. Traut) (1878)

[paiddownloads id=”293″]206507

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 206,507, dated July 30, 1878; application filed June 3, 1878.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, of New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a specification:

The invention relates to that class of small planes known as “rounds,” “hollows,” “beading-planes,” &c.; and the invention has for its object the production of this class of planes in iron, whereby they are more durable and as cheap or cheaper than wooden ones, and also to make one or two handles and frames answer for many stocks or for a complete set, whereby they are less expensive and occupy less space for storage than those heretofore made.

My invention consists, first, of a plane handle and frame, having a longitudinal rabbet and provided with clamping mechanism, in combination with a separately-formed plane-stock and its cutter, adapted when united to be readily attached and detached to the side of said frame, as hereinafter described; and, second, in the particular clamping mechanism, as hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane which embodies my invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the plane-stock detached; and Fig. 3 is a vertical section on line x x of Fig. 1.

A designates the handle, and B its frame, the latter having two depending lugs, a. (Indicated by broken lines in Fig. 1, and one of which is shown in Fig. 3.) These lugs are off-set a little from the body of the frame, so as to form a longitudinal rabbet to receive the stock C.

b b designate lever-nuts on the ends of screws c, which pass through the lugs a. These screws are made with a coarse thread on one end and a fine thread on the largest end, which is screwed into the lugs, the same fitting snugly, so as not to be easily rotated therein.

The bed e of the stock C may be of any desired form for any of the ordinary small planes — as, for instance, the round-bottom, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, or the hollowing bottom.
(Shown in Fig. 2.) The stock in each case will have its own cutting-iron attached thereto by any suitable means, so as to be united when detached from the frame, and also an upward-projecting flange, d, the same being slotted at proper points to receive the body of the screws c c, and preferably thickened a little by the sides of said slot, so that they may easily be dressed to a uniform thickness in all of the different stocks.

The upward-projecting flange d of the stock c extends from one side of the bed e, as shown most clearly in Fig. 3. whereby the stock, although of metal, may be made light, and also with ample room over the bed for the lever-nuts to work in and not have them interfere with the working of the plane.

When the stock is placed in the rabbet of the frame and the lever-nuts tightened, as shown in Fig. 1, the device is ready for use. When a different stock is wanted, the lever-nuts are thrown backward, the stock removed, and another substituted therefor by placing the flange d in the rabbet of the frame, the body of the screws meantime being received in the slots of the flange. The lever-nuts are then thrown forward to firmly bind the stock to the frame of the handle. The end of the screws which receives the nuts is made small, in order that it may be passed through the lugs a from the opposite side and not interfere with the finer thread in said lugs. The thread for the lever-nuts is made coarse, in order that only a partial turn may be necessary in order to tighten the stock in the frame, while the lever-nuts are made long enough to compensate for the loss of power consequent upon the use of the coarse thread. In case the lever-nuts do not stop in the right position when holding the stock, the position of the screw may be changed by means of a screw-driver inserted in the slotted end of the screws until they are adjusted to bring the lever-nuts home in the proper place, as shown in Fig. 1.

By fitting the fine thread snugly in the lugs and the coarse thread of a smaller diameter loosely in the nuts, the action of said nuts will not change the position ofthe screws.

By making a longitudinal rabbet in the frame and clamping one side of the stock at one of its upper corners to the side of said frame, the opposite side of the stock is wholly free from all projections, even in stocks of variable widths, (see Fig. 3,) whereby they may be worked flush up against a deep shoulder, as it is often desirable to do in this class of planes.

I am aware that planes have been made with detachable handles, connected by clamping mechanism to the rear upper corner of the plane-stock; also, that plane-stocks have been divided longitudinally in a horizontal plane, so that different-shaped bottoms and different cutting-irons could be used in connection with the common handle and top part of the stock, all of which prior devices are hereby disclaimed.

I claim as my invention —

1. The plane handle and frame having a longitudinal rabbet and provided with clamping mechanism, in combination with a separately-formed plane-stock and its cutting-iron, adapted, when united, to be readily attached and detached to and from the side of said frame, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

2. The frame B, having screws c c, with fine and coarse threads, in combination with the lever-nuts b b and the slotted flange of a plane-stock, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
JAMES SHEPARD,
WILL. B. THOMSON.

No. 203,442 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Robert S. Griffin) (1878)

[paiddownloads id=”292″]203442

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ROBERT S. GRIFFIN , OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 203,442, dated May 7, 1878; application filed April 6, 1878.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT S. GRIFFIN, of Worcester, in the county of Worcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and valuable Improvement in Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon.

Figure 1 of the drawings is a representation of a plan view of the plane-stock, with the bit and cap removed, showing the back plate and its attachments. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section of the plane, and Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the bottom of the bit or blade.

This invention has relation to improvements in planes.

The object of the invention is to devise a means whereby the blade may be adjusted to cut shavings of various thicknesses, and secured to the stock without the employment of wedges or other like devices.

The nature of the invention consists in combining with the back plate aforesaid, having the projecting-screw, the longitudinally-slotted bit, the cap, and the thumb-nut, an adjusting-screw having a screw-seat upon the under side of the said back plate, and engaging a forked offset on the back of the plane-bit, whereby, the thumb-nut being loosened, I am able to adjust the bit to cut a fine or coarse shaving, as will be hereinafter more fully set forth.

In the annexed drawings, the letter A designates the plane-stock, having the usual flaring recess a and throat a’. B represents a metallic back plate, recessed into the rear inclined wall of the recess a. so as to be flush therewith, and provided, near its lower edge, with a projecting screw, B’. This screw is at right angles to the plane of the said back plate. C represents an adjusting-screw, having its bearings in a female-threaded offset, b, near the top, and on the under side of the back plate, and provided, near its upper end, with an annular grove, c, the functions of which will be hereinafter set forth. The screw C has at its upper end a head, d, by which it is conveniently manipulated, and it works in a groove, e, in the rear inclined wall ofthe recess a. D indicates the planing-bit, having a longitudinal slot, f, through which the screw B’ extends, and near its upper end a forked offset, g, that straddles the adjusting-screw in the groove c aforesaid, snugly. By operating the screw C, the planing-bit is raised or lowered to any desired extent. J indicates the cap, having an oblong slot, h, in its median line, through which the screw B projects. The cap and planing-bit are forcibly clamped against the stock, or rather the end wall of the recess a, by a thumb-nut, L, or its equivalent, applied upon the end of the screw B’. This nut being loosened, the bit may be adjusted to cut a thin shaving or a thick one, as may be required, by operating the adjusting-screw C, to raise or lower the planing-bit. The cap, being also slotted, may be also adjusted in conformity with the adjustment of the bit.

It will be seen that by means of the back plate, its projecting screw, and the thumb-nut above described, the planing-bit and cap are adjusted according to requirements, without the employment of wedges or other equivalent devices, and that the said devices may be raised or lowered, as the case may be, by simply loosening the thumb-nut and actuating the adjusting-screw. This latter is connected to the planing-bit by the engagement of the forked onset with the annular groove aforesaid.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The combination of the plane-stock A, having groove e in its rear wall, the back plate B, carrying screw B’, and the screw-threaded offset b, and the adjusting-screw C, having annular groove c, and working in said offset, with the longitudinally-slotted bit D, having forked offset g upon its under side, near its upper end, the slotted cap J, and thumb-nut L, substantially as specified.

In testimony that I claim the above I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two witnesses.

ROBERT S. GRIFFIN.

Witnesses:
ERVING F. RICE,
T. H. HAZFORD.

No. 202,918 – Improvement In Carpenters’ Planes (Leonard Bailey) (1878)

[paiddownloads id=”291″]202918

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

LEONARD BAILEY, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

IMPROVEMENT IN CARPENTERS’ PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 202,918, dated April 30, 1878; application filed February 20, 1878.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEONARD BAILEY, of Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have made certain new and useful Improvements pertaining to Carpenters’ Planes, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, where —

Figure 1 is a side view of the plane. Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal section of the plane. Fig. 3 is a detail view of a modification hereinafter described.

The invention is a new adjustment for plane bits or irons, particularly adapted to metallic planes.

The letter a denotes a stud borne and having longitudinal play in a corresponding socket in the riser b. Its lower end bears a male screw-thread meshing into the round nut c, which lies in the socket d in the riser b. It is by the rotation of this nut by the hand or fingers of the operator that the stud-pin a is advanced or retracted. The top of this stud bears, when advanced, against the under side of the bit or iron e, thus availing to fasten it in place. When this stud-pin is retracted its hold on the bit is loosened. This stud-pin bears near the top a screw-pin, f, furnished with an operating-handle, g. When this pin f runs through the stud a its thread is right-handed, denoted by the letter h. Below this right-hand thread the pin is furnished with a left-hand thread, and this left-hand thread bears the button j, and this button bears the stud or pin k, entering one or the other of the series of holes l in the plane-bit.

This use of a right and left hand thread enables me to adjust the plane-bit with great rapidity and small movement, and is available for this purpose, whether it be hung in the stud a, or run through a rigid projection from the plane-body.

This use of a right and left hand thread also enables me to make the screw work in the stud without pinning it in or placing collars on the screw-shaft each side of the stud. This is not only an advantage in making, but also in using, the screw-shaft being removable without taking out such a pin or taking off such collars.

The pin f may, in some cases, have but a single thread, and in such case the button j is made stationary on the pin, but in such manner that the pin can turn in the button. This can be attained by the modification shown in fig. 3.

There is a feature of novelty connected with the handle g. This handle is hinged or pivoted to the end of the screw f. Ordinarily it stands out like a crank-arm, as shown in the drawings, and forms a ready means of rotating the screw f; but it has a peculiar advantage when a screw or other rotating shaft is employed in a plane adjustment and in a relation similar to that herein described.

When the plane-bit is adjusted high up in the plane, so that its upper end covers the joint or hinge between the screw and this handle, obviously this handle cannot have a complete rotation while standing out at any considerable angle from the screw. In such case the handle is rotated crank fashion till it comes up against the bit. It is then swung over on its pivot to the opposite side of the screw, when its rotation crank fashion can be continued.

I am aware that to accomplish the adjustment of a plane-bit within contracted limits a differential screw has been used, such screw consisting of a hollow or tubular thumb-screw, threaded both interiorly and exteriorly, and engaging a screw carrying the bit-connection. My screw differs from this, in so far as it is differential, in that it is a double-threaded screw of one piece, one of its threaded portions working within the bearing that supports the screw, and the other entering and working within a nut carrying the plane-bit.

I claim as my invention —

1. The double-threaded adjusting-screw f, made in one piece, and having a right-hand thread working in its support or bearing and a left-hand thread working in the bit-carrying nut, in combination with a plane body and bit, substantially as described.

2. In combination, stud a, nut c, adjusting-screw f, button j, bearing-pin k, and the plane-bit, all substantially as described.

3. The combination of the plane-bit, the button j, the stud a, and the rotating shaft f, provided with the pivoted handle g.

LEONARD BAILEY.

Witnesses:
ROBT. F. GAYLORD,
WM. E. SIMONDS.

No. 202,674 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Charlotte Smith) (1878)

[paiddownloads id=”290″]202674

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHARLOTTE SMITH, OF CHELSEA, MASSACHUSETTS, ADMINISTRATRIX OF JOHN F. SMITH, DECEASED.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 202,674, dated April 23, 1878; application filed March 26, 1878.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLOTTE SMITH, of Chelsea, Suffolk, State of Massachusetts, administratrix of the estate of my deceased husband, JOHN FRANCIS SMITH, of said city, county, and State, do declare that the said deceased, during his lifetime, did invent a new and useful Plane-Iron Cap, of which the following is a specification:

The nature of the invention is that of a plate of metal of peculiar form, detachable, but when in use fastened by a peculiar device to one side of a plane-iron, being an improvement on the well-known plane-iron top of a carpenter’s plane; and the object of the improvement is to effect the ready removal of the top when required, and also the firmer holding it in place when in use.

Figure 1 is a view of one side of the plane-iron, showing the nut used to fasten the top, and the necessary slot in the plane-iron, &c. Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-section, giving the relative positions of the plane-iron, the top with its screw, and the nut of the same.

In the drawings, A, Figs. 1 and 2, is the plane-iron or blade of a carpenter’s plane. B, Fig. 1, is a slot in the same, of any convenient length or width, running lengthwise of the plane-iron. C, Figs. 1 and 2, is a nut, with a projection each side of it, (seen in Fig. 1,) forming a thumb-screw, a, being worked by the thumb and finger, screwed onto the screw D, Figs. 1 and 2, which screw passes through the slot B, Fig. 1, as seen in Fig. 2, and at the right-hand side in Fig. 2 is attached to the plane-iron top E, Fig. 2. A shoulder (seen in both figures, in dashed lines in Fig. 2) is attached to the base of the screw D, and also to the top E, and is cut away (see Fig. 1) on each side of the screw D, so as to enter into the slot B.

The inner surface of the top E is seen in Fig. 2 not to lie flat on the plane-iron, but to rest on the same by its ends, which are both, in the same figure, seen to be curved. The thinness of the top E, with the two curves noted, makes of it a spring of greater or less strength, as the thickness of the top E may vary.

It is not proposed to confine ourselves to any particular thickness of the top, nor to any particular curve of the ends. A circular enlargement is sometimes made of the slot B near one or the other end; but this is not claimed here as original.

The length of the shoulder portion left on entering into the slot B may be varied. The whole device of the top and its attachment may be adapted to any plane-iron, the size of the thumb-screw being varied to suit the width of th slot which may be borne by the plane-iron.

Operation: The parts of the device being in place, as seen in the drawings, the nut C is turned by the thumb and finger, thus bending, more or less, the top E and pressing the curved ends more tightly on the plane-iron. When the top E is to be removed there is no loss of time in searching for a screw-driver; but the thumb-screw C is readily turned by the thumb and finger, as before, and the top E is at once loosened; and if the slot B is cut as drawn in Fig. 1, the thumb-screw C is removed, when the top E is readily removed to admit the sharpening of the cutting-edge of the plane-iron.

If the circular enlargement referred to as optionally provided is present, the nut need not be removed, the thumb-screw arms in that case passing through the slot B.

I do not claim the providing the top with a single curved end.

I claim for the inventor —

1. The double curved plane-iron top shown, in combination with the plane-iron, the shoulder, the screw D, and a nut, all when constructed and fitted for use, substantially as described and shown.

2. The combination of the thumb-screw with its arms, the screw D, the shoulder seen, a plane-iron, and a plane-iron top, all when constructed and arranged substantially as described and shown.

CHARLOTTE SMITH,
Admimistratrar of John Francis Smith.

Witnesses:
JOS. B. BELL,
LEMUEL P. JENKS.

No. 201,068 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Harrison P. Taylor) (1878)

[paiddownloads id=”289″]201068

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

HARRISON P. TAYLOR, OF MINERVA, OHIO.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 201,068, dated March 5, 1878; application filed September 7, 1877.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARRISON P. TAYLOR, of Minerva, in the county of Stark and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and enact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, and in which —

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a plane with my improved plane-guide attached to the side. Fig. 2 is a similar view, showing the guide-strip attached to the face of plane. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the guide detached. Fig. 4. is an edge view of the same, and Fig. 5 is an end view.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

My invention relates to guides for edge-planing; and consists in the construction of a reversible guide, which may be used either on the side or on the face of the plane, as circumstances shall render desirable, substantially as I shall now proceed more fully to describe, my present invention being an improvement on the invention for which Letters Patent of the United States No. 165,132 were granted to me on the 29th day of June, 1875.

In the drawings, A represents the plane, which may be of any suitable size and construction. The guide consists of a beveled strip of wood or metal, B, upon the beveled side or face of which is secured a metal plate, G, having turned-over parallel side flanges c c, by which a dovetailed slot or groove, b, is formed. In this groove slides a dovetailed plate, D, carrying a set-screw, d, by means of which it may be adjusted in any given position in relation to plate C. Secured at right angles upon plate C is a segment, E, which has a segmental slot, e, and the front edge of which is marked with a graduated scale. (See Fig. 4.)

F is the key-plate, which has a key-hole-shaped slot or mortise, f and is secured to the end of a slotted arm, G G’, pivoted at g to the point or center of the segment E, arms G G’ corresponding, therefore, to the radius of a circle whose center is at g, so that they will move freely on both sides of the slotted segment E. Through slot e passes a set or clamp screw, h, which unites arms G and G’, and by turning which these may be made to clamp the segment firmly, so as to remain immovably in position.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with the two sheets of drawings, the manner of using my plane-guide will be readily understood. For ordinary use, it is secured upon the side of the plane, as shown in Fig. 1, so that only the narrow edge a of the guide-strip B shall bear against the face of the plane. To apply it to the plane, the bolt x is loosened a little, the large opening in the key-plate F is slipped over the bolt-head, after which the plate is pushed up against the bolt so as to bring the shank into the lower narrow part of the hole or mortise, when the bolt is again tightened, and the guide is in position ready for use. The angle of strip B is then regulated (according to the angle the edge is to have) by means of the clamp G G’, clamp-screw h, and the slotted and graded segment E, while vertical adjustment — that is, the distance between the bolt x upon which the guide is secured and the upper edge of the guide-strip — may be adjusted by means of the sliding plate D and set-screw d, so that my guide may be used on planes having different heights or distances between their side bolts and faces by a simple and easily effected adjustment of the guide.

If the plane-bit is dull in one place, or at one edge or side, the guide-strip B may be reversed, without detaching the adjusting mechanism from the plane, by simply loosening set-screw d, sliding plate C off of plate D, reversing the strip and plate, and sliding it on again from the opposite (thick) side of the strip, after which it is again secured in place by the set-screw d. When in this position (represented in Fig. 2) the strip will project over the face of the plane a width of about an inch, and covering the dulled part of the bit, so that full use may be had of its remaining exposed edge.

The manner of angular and vertical adjustment is, of course, precisely the same as that already described in explaining the adjustment of the guide when used as represented in Fig. 1.

This guide, consisting as it does, of few parts, is simple and durable in construction, will fit any plane, and can be produced at a small cost. It cannot give or spring while in use, but insures a true edge without any deviation from the proper angle, according to the set or adjustment of the guide at starting,

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States —

l. The beveled guide-strip B, having grooved plate C, in combination with the reversible plate D and vertically-adjustable key-plate F, substantially as and for the purpose herein shown and specified.

2. The combination of the slotted, and vertically-adjustable key-plate F with the graduated segment E, provided with the reversible plate D, substantially as and for the purpose herein shown and described.

3 The combination of the reversible plate D, provided with the slotted and graduated segment E, with the beveled or wedge-shaped guide-strip B, substantially as and for the purpose herein shown and specified.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

HARRISON P. TAYLOR.

Witnesses:
GEO. KRYDER,
JOHN L. GOWER.

No. 199,956 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Joseph B. Boyce) (1878)

[paiddownloads id=”288″]199956

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOSEPH B. BOYCE, OF LOCKPORT, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 199,956, dated February 5, 1878; application filed January 12, 1878.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH B. BOYCE, of Lockport, in the county of Niagara and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Bench-Planes, which improvement is fully set forth in the following specification and accompanying drawings, in which latter —

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a common bench-plane provided with my improvement, the bits and wedge being removed in order to exhibit the improvement more fully. Fig. 2 is a vertical central longitudinal section through the plane in working condition. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of that part of the plane which I have improved.

The nature of my invention consists in certain construcinons, combinations, and arrangements of parts, hereinafter described and specifically claimed, whereby an improved adjustable metal lining for the throat and mouth of a bench-plane is produced.

The object of my invention is to protect the parts of a plane most exposed to wear by a metal lining which is of simpler construction than heretofore made, so that its application to a plane will not necessitate any material change in the construction of the plane to which it may be applied, and which may be as easily applied to an old as to a new plane.

In the drawings, A represents the body of an ordinary plane; B, the plane-iron; C, the cap-iron, with the usual coupling set-screw c and wedge D. The bed b of the plane is provided with a metal plate, E, which has an open slot, e, two oblong countersunk slots, e1, a central opening, e2, and an oblong mouth, F, which mouth F consists of abutting sides or shoulders f and a transverse connecting-strip, f’.

The plate E may be inserted from the face of the plane after the bed b of the plane has, if needs be, been reduced to receive it, and the wood at the sides and front of the mouth of the plane suitably mortised away, in order to receive the shoulders f and connectionf’, and thus the shoulders f serve as abutments for preventing the upward movement of the plate E by violent strains on the plane-iron. The plate E is fastened to the bed b of the plane by means of set-screws g, and, by means of these screws and the slots e1 e1, the readjustment of the plane-face may also be effected.

Upon the plate E the plane-iron B, with its cap C, coupled to it by the screw c, is placed, and its screw c allowed to pass into the usual recess a, which is in rear of the oblong opening e of the plate E, and, thus applied, the plane-iron and its cap are fastened with the wedge D.

The plane A is, by this construction, in a ready manner, and without material change of its throat, and at slight cost, provided with a very substantial protection of its bed and other parts liable to injury from wear.

It will be seen that while the center part of the plate E is cut away at e to admit of the passage of the large head of the set-screw c, in the usual manner, down the recess a, and at the opening e2, in order to lessen cost, still there is a continuous metal surface at either side, just opposite the wedge-abutments a’, which affords a firm bearing of the plate E upon the bed b of the plane. The plate E, above its shoulders f f is as wide as the throat or the bed of the plane, and the distance between the inner sides of the shoulders f is the same as the width of the plate E; consequently the width of the throat need not be increased in order to provide a plane with a plate, E. Besides this, any plane, new or old, may be so provided and improved without weakening the plane, by simply mortising from below, to admit the shoulders f f and connecting-strip f’. The lower end of the plate E, in conjunction with the parts f and f’, forms a lining for the mouth of the plane, and constitutes a part of the plane around its mouth, thereby protecting the plane against premature wear in and around the mouth.

I would state that the plate E may be solid at e2 without departing from my invention.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. In combination with the body and plane-iron of a carpenter’s plane, the lining-plate E, having slots e1 e1 and a longitudinal opening, e, and a mouth, F, formed with abutting shoulders f united as at f’, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. A metal lining-plate, E, for a carpenter’s plane, the lower portions of which are constructed as at f, f’, and F, and the upper portion provided with a central longitudinal opening or slot, e, to correspond or register with the groove a of an ordinary plane, substantially as and for the purpose described.

Witness my hand, in the matter of my application for a patent for a bench-plane, this 8th day of January, A. D. 1878.

JOSEPH BENSON BOYCE.

Witnesses:
T. D. BABCOCK,
JAS. A. NEWTON.

No. 198,180 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Heinrich Baecker) (1877)

[paiddownloads id=”287″]198180

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

HEINRICH BAECKER, OF REMSCHEID, GERMANY.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 198,180, dated December 18, 1877.; application filed October 8, 1877.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HEINRICH BAECKER, of Remscheid, Germany, have invented Improvements in the Construction of Planes, of which the following is a specification:

This invention relates to bench-planes, the common form of which consists of a stock in which the plane-iron is fastened by means of wedges. These plane-irons are, in their main part, composed of an iron plate, to the end of which a strip or facing of steel is attached to form the cutting-edge. Such planes are deficient in many respects. They are rendered expensive by the forging operation necessary to unite the main part of the plane-iron and its steel facing, which mode of manufacture often ruins the structure. The mode of their production frequently renders the said irons defective by destroying the high quality required for the steel cutting-edge. Such irons require to be bulky, and therefore more difficult to grind, and on account of the limited extent of their steel portion must soon be destroyed when frequently ground.

My invention relates to that class of planes wherein the iron or bit is composed of a plate having an even thickness, and composed entirely of steel — such an iron or bit as may be sharpened until its length is so diminished that it can no longer be supported in the stock.

My invention consists in the means for securing and adjusting such an iron or bit in the plane-stock, the details of which are too fully hereinafter set forth to need preliminary description.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating my invention, in which like reference-characters indicate the same parts, Figure 1 is a plan view, and Fig. 2 an edge view, of the plane iron or bit; Fig. 3 is a plan view, and Fig. 4 an edge view, of the upper break-iron. Fig. 5 is a plan view, and Fig. 6 an edge view, of the under break-iron, with the adjusting mechanisms attached; Fig. 7, a view of the clamping mechanism. Fig. 8 shows the clamping-screw, and Fig. 9 an operating-key. Fig. 10 shows an adjusting-screw. Fig. 11 is a vertical section of all the parts fitted together in operative position. Fig. 12 is a plan view, and Fig. 13 an edge view, of a rabbet-plane iron, and Fig. 14 is a modification of the mode of fastening the iron or bit in place.

The steel iron or bit 5 is composed of a thin sheet of steel, of even thickness, which is sharpened at its bottom edge, and it is provided with a slot, 2, extending centrally from its top edge to a distance beyond its middle part. It is adjusted in the plane-stock between two break-irons, 8 9, one of which (the lower, 9) is secured to the plane-stock. The iron or bit lies between these break-irons, as in Fig. 11, and the said devices are fastened securely together by means of a clamping-screw, 10, whose stem passes through a hole, 11, in the under break-iron 9, through the slot 2 in the iron or bit, and enters a screw-threaded hole, 12, tapped into the upper break-iron 8. When the iron or bit is properly adjusted between these break-irons, it may be firmly secured by properly tightening said clamping-screw. The upper break-iron 8 and the plane iron or bit are prevented from moving laterally with respect to the under break-iron 9 by means of a pin, 13, projecting from the inner face of the under break-iron 9, passing through the slot 2 of the iron or bit, and entering a hole, 14, in the upper break-iron 8. The parts thus held together are secured in the mortise in the plane-stock 15 by means of an arm, 16, projecting rearward from the under break-iron, and fastened to the stock 15 by means of a screw. The lower end of the under break-iron rests upon one side of the mortise, where it is secured by screws 40, while the front surface of the end of the upper break-iron rests upon the other side of said mortise, the devices being thus held steadily in place.

In order that the iron or bit 5 may be adjusted while its break-irons are hired in the mortise in the plane-stock, the head 6 of the clamping-screw is provided with gear-teeth, fitting a worm, 4, the shank 7 of which turns in arms 17 18 projecting from the rear face of the under break-iron 9. The shank 7 of this worm is provided with a squared head, 19, which fits a similar socket in a turning-key, 20.

By these devices the said clamping-screw 10 may be turned in and out of the screw-threaded hole 12 by inserting the key 20 through a hole (not shown) in the side of the plane-stock, engaging the same with the head 19 and operating said key in the proper direction.

In order to adjust the plane-iron vertically with respect to the break-irons and plane-stock, and thus protrude its cutting-edge the desired distance, each of the break -irons is provided with slots in which a pin connected with said plane-iron may freely play. The slot in the upper break-iron is marked 21, and that in the lower break-iron is marked 22. The pin 23, operating the iron 5, projects from a hub, 24, and enters one of two holes, 25 26, with which said plane-iron is provided. An ad-
justing-screw, 27 , having a screw-threaded shank, which runs in a threaded hole tapped through the hub 24, is supported in a collar, 30, fast to the underbreak-iron, and its squared head (adapted to fit the socket of the turning-key 20) projects above the plane-stock. This construction permits the rotation of said screw 27 to raise or lower the hub 24, and to impart a like movement to the plane-iron without disturbing the break-irons.

It is evident that in order to adjust the plane-iron in either direction the clamping-screw 10 must be first loosened, whereupon the adjusting movement may be imparted by means of the adjusting-screw 27. This done, the iron may be again secured by operating the clamping-screw 10.

Furthermore, if it is desired to remove the plane-iron it may be done when the break-irons are adjusted so as not to clamp and hold the said iron.

In the modification , Figs. 12, 13, 14, which represent the irons of a rabbet-plane, the devices are constructed substantially as before described, except that the adjusting-screw 27 is omitted, and the clamping-screw is adapted by means of a squared head to be operated by means of the turning-key, which operation may be the more readily effected by having the head of said screw project from the front side of the upper break-iron, the under break-iron, in this instance, being provided with the screw-threaded hole 12.

What is claimed is —

1. The combination of the plane iron or bit 5, upper and under break-irons 8 9, and clamping-screw 10, substantially as described.

2. The combination of the plane iron or bit 5, upper break-iron 8, having hole 14, under break-iron 9, having projecting pin 13, and clamping-screw 10, substantially as described.

3. The combination of the plane iron or bit 5, break-irons 8 9, clamping-screw 10, worm 4, and geared head 6, substantially as described.

4. The combination of the break-irons 8 9, having slots 21 22, with the plane iron or bit 5, having a slot, 2, pin 23, and adjusting-screw 27, substantially as described.

5. An improved plane, consisting of a bit having an equal thickness throughout its length, and a slot, 2, break-irons 8 9, clamping-screw 10, and an adjusting mechanism, as screw 27 and pin 23, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HEINRICH BAECKER.

Witnesses:
BERNH. SCHENK,
FRANZ MAYENBARN.

No. 196,450 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Charles H. Hawley) (1877)

[paiddownloads id=”286″]196450

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHARLES H. HAWLEY, OF HARTFORD, CONN., ASSIGNOR TO LEONARD BAILEY, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 196,450, dated October 23, 1877; application filed October 1, 1875.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES H. HAWLEY, of Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented an Improvement in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, where —

Figure 1 is a side view with a part of the side of the plane broken away. Fig. 2 is a top view, with the plane-iron and cap-plate removed. Fig. 3 is a view of the parts shown in Fig. 2 in transverse vertical section, on plane x x, looking in the direction indicated by the arrow. Fig. 4 is a top view of the cap-plate. Fig. 5 is a bottom view of the iron.

The plane is a metallic one — body, &c., of cast-iron, by preference.

The letter a denotes the floor of the plane, and b b the sides, cast in one piece with the floor; c, a transverse upright, cast in the same piece to which is secured the bed d by screws e e. On this bed lies the plane-iron f, its front end running down to the throat. Underneath the bed is hung, on pin g, the scroll-disk h, which rotates on the pin. A grooved scroll is cut into the upper face of disk h. (Partly seen in Fig. 2.) In the bed d is hung the reciprocating follower i, through which runs the pin j, fast in the follower, its lower end projecting into the scroll-groove, and its upper end projecting, when the plane-iron is in its place, into one of the transverse grooves f’, made in the under side of the plane-iron, so that the iron must then reciprocate longitudinally with the follower i. These reciprocations are given by the rotation of the scroll-disk, and the purpose thereof is to allow the fine longitudinal adjustment of the plane iron or bit.

The location of the scroll-disk just underneath the plane-iron bed is important, as it enables me to make direct connection between the scroll-disk and the iron or bit without the intervention of levers and the like, and it brings this disk into position for manipulation by the workman.

I am aware of the patent of J. A. Traut, January 16, 1877, No. 186,281, wherein the scroll-disk is applied directly to the chisel or plane-iron; but this construction is objectionable, in that the rotation of the disk moves the chisel sidewise, and makes it bind; and it also disturbs the true adjustment of the cutting-edge.

I am also aware of the patent of J. F. Baldwin, November 25, 1873, No. 144,823, which shows a slide or other device intermediate between the plane-iron or chisel and an adjusting-screw; but this construction is likewise objectionable and defective, and neither attains the same ends as a scroll for operating a plane-iron, between which is interposed a follower independent of both, but co-operating therewith.

This last-named construction is peculiar to my plane, and has marked advantages over the other, and especially in that by it I am enabled to adjust the chisel accurately and easily.

The essential feature of my invention is , thus, the independent intermediate follower, constructed and arranged as above specified.

The cap-plate is serves to secure the iron or bit in its place when adjusted. It is provided on the sides with wings k’, which slide into slots or mortises l, cut obliquely in the inner faces of the two sides of the plane-body, entering at the rear ends of these slots.

The cap-plate, when in place, acts as a lever, of which the wings k’ are the fulcra, and by turning down the screw m, the iron or bit is pinched by the front end of the cap-plate and by the screw.

This method of giving fulera has important advantages. The whole space between the sides of the body is left open and unobstructed, so that the chisel can be laid flatly down to its place without having to shove it under a cross-bar, or under lugs projecting from the sides, as has been the practice heretofore.

In these planes, which have no regular handle, it is necessary to have something to serve in the place thereof for the palm of the hand to rest upon. I attain this end by putting a semi-sphere or convex plate, a, upon the head of the screw m, which is thereby made to serve the purpose of a handle, and of a head for the screw.

I claiam as my invention —

The independent follower i, arranged between the scroll-disk and the chisel, and having pin j projecting from both sides, so as to enter the serrations f’ in the plane iron or bit f on one side, end the groove or channel in the scroll-disk h, on the other side, substantially as and for the purpose described.

CHARLES H. HAWLEY.

Witnesses:
JAMES HOLLEY,
ROALD ARENTZ.

No. 196,444 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Wilhelm Grüssler) (1877)

No. 196,444 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Wilhelm Grüssler) (1877)

[paiddownloads id=”285″]196444

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILHELM GRÜSSLER, OF RUISSEINA, NEAR NOSSEN, SAXONY, ASSIGNOR TO CARL PIEPER, OF DRESDEN, GERMANY.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.
_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 196,444, dated October 23, 1877; application filed October 15, 1877.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILHELM GRÜSSLER, of Ruisseina, near Nossen, in the Kingdom of Saxony, have invented a new Cornice-Plane, of which the following is a specification:

This invention consists in constructing the irons of molding, cornice, and similar planes, as well as the cutters of wood-planing machines, in such a manner that they may be sharpened upon common grinding-surfaces, whereby filing or otherwise trimming the molded surface at the cutting-edge is avoided.

A molding-plane provided with my improved iron is illustrated in the drawings, Figure 1 illustrating a side elevation of the same; Fig. 2, a part right-hand end view; Fig. 3, a part longitudinal section, and Fig. 4 a cross-section on line Y Z of Fig. 3. Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate modified forms of the invention; and Fig. 7 represents cutters constructed according to this improvement, and applied to the tool-holder of a wood-planing machine.

The plane-iron a may be curved, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, or straight, as represented in Figs. 5 and 6. It is molded throughout the length of its back surface, as is shown in the sectional view, Fig. 4; but, if preferred, this molding may extend along a part only of the back surface.

The body or stock is, by preference, to be made of metal, although wood or other suitable material may be used, and the iron fastened to the part b of the stock by a screw-bolt, d, passing through a slot in said part b, and provided with a fastening-nut, having a milled edge or in any other suitable manner.

The part b must correspond along its face or outer side with the molded surface of the iron, and a strip of cloth or other suitable material, c, should be placed under the iron, for the purpose of increasing the friction of the same, and to prevent the iron from shifting. This strip of cloth may be glued to the part b.

The iron must be molded on its back surface in such a shape that, after being ground at the end to the proper bevel and fixed in position, its cutting-edge will correspond to the molded face e of the plane.

The curved form affords great facilities in manufacturing the irons, since they may be turned in a lathe in a large ring, which is subsequently cut into pieces; but, if preferred, these irons may be made straight, as in Figs. 5 and 6.

In the modihcation, Fig. 5, the screw d is fixed in the body of the plane, and the iron has a slit in it to provide for its adjustment.

In the modification, Fig. 6, a straight iron has its flat upper surface fixed to the under side of a plate, o, projecting from a side wall of the plane-stock, whereby contact of the molded back surface of the iron with its support is avoided.

The beveled end surface V W, Figs. 3, 5, and 6, which is, by preference, flat, so that it may be ground on any common grindstone, is turned or faced upward and toward the front or leading end of the plane, while heretofore it has commonly been turned or faced the other way. This beveled surface should be inclined to the face of the plane at the same angle at which the body of the irons in common planes is inclined, while the angle of inclination of the molded back surface at the cutting-edge has in general to agree with that of the bevel of the common irons.

The handles f and g of the plane represented in Fig. 1 may be modified in various ways; but considering the number and variety of molding-planes required in a joiner’s shop, I regard it advantageous to make the bottom part, which has the molded face e, in one piece with the part b, and to have a separate piece provided with the handles f and g, adapted to fit all the main pieces in such a manner that it may be readily fixed to any one of them.

For the purpose of enabling the user to plane a number of moldings to exactly the same depth, an adjustable stop, k, Figs. 2 and 5, may be screwed laterally to the stock of the plane, thereby forming a gage, limiting the depth of the cut.

These improved plane-irons may be applied to molding-planes of all descriptions — such as grooving, tonguing, rabbeting, and similar planes, as well as to ordinary planes with flat faces. They may also be used for machine-planing, as shown in Fig. 7, which illustrates the section of a rotating tool-holder of a wood-planing machine fitted with the improved cutters a a. These are molded on the beck surface or outside in the some manner as stated ebove. For fixing them to the holder b’, a washer, h, molded to correspond to the cutter, is placed under the nut of the fastening-screw.

What is claimed is —

1. A plane iron or cutter molded on the back part or surface to the desired pattern throughout the whole or at part of its length, and being flat on its upper surface, in combination with a plane-stock or tool-holder shaped to fit the molded side of the iron, all substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination of a plane iron or cutter, a plane-stock or tool-holder, and an interposed strip of fabric, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILHELM GRÜSSLER.

Witnesses:
ERASMUS PAUL,
MAXIMILIAN SGHÜNE.

No. 196,068 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Leonard Bailey) (1877)

[paiddownloads id=”284″]196068

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

LEONARD BAILEY, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 196,068, dated October 16, 1877; application filed June 29, 1877.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEONARD BAILEY, of Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements pertaining to a Metallic Plane, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, where —

Figure 1 is a side view with a portion broken away to show operating parts. Fig. 2 shows a form of the nut. Fig. 3 is a view of the back of the iron. Fig. 4 is a sectional view of Fig. 1, on plane x x, and looking toward the working parts, the iron being removed.

This invention relates to the construction and adjustment of iron-bodied planes, designed for a class of work exemplified by stake-pointing and whip-stock manufacture.

The letter a denotes the cast-metal body, having the sides and ends concaved or hollowed, as seen in the sectional part of Fig. 1, for the purpose of giving the user a firm grasp of the tool.

On the inner faces of the two sides are cast lugs b b, afterward sawed or cut through where they join the throat-bed c, so that the iron may be confined between these lugs and the throat bed.

From the base-plate of the plane-body rises a boss or stud, d, and from this a screw-threaded stud, e, projects toward, at right angles to the surface of, the iron. On this threaded stud e is hung the nut f, provided with projecting radial arms, whereby it may be rotated readily.

This nut may be shaped as shown in Fig. 2, and in that case bears directly against the iron when screwed up.

It will be observed that the iron has three points of bearing — viz., the throat-bed, the lugs b b, and the nut just described, needing no cap-plate, and forming the simplest possible means of fastening an iron into a metal plane.

I claim as my invention —

1. A metallic plane-body having the sides curved or hollowed, as described, and for the purpose set forth.

2. In combination, the screw e, nut f, and pin-disk j, borne upon the screw, and the grooved plane-bit, all substantially as described.

LEONARD BAILEY.

Witnesses:
W. E. SIMONDS,
ROBT. F. GAYLORD.

No. 195,481 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Henry M. Clark) (1877)

[paiddownloads id=”283″]195481

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

HENRY M. CLARK, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 195,481, dated September 25, 1877; application filed August 6, 1877.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY M. CLARK, of New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Devices for Adjusting Plane-Irons, of which the following is a specification:

My invention consists in the employment of a transverse slide. provided with an inclined slot and operating screw, and also in the peculiar construction of the parts, as hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a device for adjusting plane-irons which embodies my invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the same on line x x of Fig. 1, with cap and plane-iron removed, the same being viewed from a point at right angles to the face of the frog; and Fig. 3 is a transverse section of the same on line y y of Fig. 2.

The stock A may be any of the ordinary kinds, and the frog B can be secured thereto in any proper manner. Transversely to the frog B is a recess or depression, a, which is made shallow on the right-hand side of the frog and deep on the left-hand side of the frog. The body of a screw, b, passes through the solid metal of the frog just under the shallow portion of the depression a, and the screw proper extends into the deeper portion of said depression.

The outer end of the screw b is provided with a suitable head or handle, c, for operating said screw, and it is prevented from longitudinal movement by shoulders at each end of its bearing in the frog.

Fitted to move in the depression a is a slide, C, having an inclined slot, d, and threaded lug e, through which lug the screw b passes. By turning the screw the slide may be moved endwise either to the right or left, as may be desired.

Another slide, D, is fitted to slide longitudinally in a recess in the frog B, and the upper end of this longitudinal slide is provided on its under side with a projecting pin or stud, f Fig. 3, also indicated by broken lines in Fig. 2, which pin or stud engages the side walls of the inclined slot in the slide C. In the lower end of the longitudinal slide is an orifice to receive the head of the ordinary cap-screw, which orifice, g, Fig. 2, may be elongated somewhat from right to left, so that the plane-irons F may be moved sidewise a little to bring the end of the cutting-bit square with the face of the stock.

When the transverse slide is moved endwise, by means of the operating screw, the side walls of the inclined slot d engage the pin or stud f and move the longitudinal slide and plane-irons.

If the slide C is moved to the right, the Iongitudinal slide D is forced downward, carrying the plane-irons with it, and, if moved to the left, the plane-irons are drawn upward into the stock with said slide.

If desired, instead of connecting the longitudinal slide to the plane-irons through means of the ordinary cap-screw, a stud may be attached directly to the cutting-iron, and received in the orifice at the lower end of the longitudinal slide.

My adjustment is very cheaply constructed, and adjusts the plane-iron with ease and smoothness.

I claim as my invention —

1. In a device for adjusting plane-irons, the transverse slide, provided with inclined slot and operating mechanism for moving said slide transversely to the plane-iron, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

2. In a device for adjusting plane-irons, the screw b, set transversely to the frog, and secured from longitudinal movement, in combination with the incline slotted slide, provided with threaded lug e, which receives the adjusting-screw, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

HENRY M. CLARK.

Witnesses:
T. A. CONKLIN,
JAMES SHEPARD.

No. 195,480 – Improvement In Circular Planes (Henry M. Clark) (1877)

[paiddownloads id=”282″]195480

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

HENRY M. CLARK, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE AND LEVEL COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN CIRCULAR PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 195,480, dated September 25, 1877 application filed August 6, 1877.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY M. CLARK, of New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Circular Planes, of which the following is a specification:

My invention consists of a connecting mechanism for the two ends of the flexible bottom of a circular plane, so that they necessarily move together, in combining therewith a single operating device, in the peculiar construction of parts, and in their combination, as hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a circular plane, which embodies my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the same on line y y of Fig. 3, and Fig. 3 is a horizontal section of the same on line x x of Fig. 2.

In Fig. 1 the flexible bottom A is set in a convex position for dressing a concave surface, and in Figs. 2 and 3 it is set in a concave position for dressing a convex surface.

Circular planes having a flexible bottom and mechanism for holding the same when set in various circles are old; but, so far as I know, the two ends of the flexible bottom have never before been so connected as to necessitate their simultaneous movement. These prior planes had no mechanism for moving the ends of the flexible bottom, but only mechanism for holding the ends in place when moved by hand; and these holding mechanisms were entirely independent of each other, so that unless great care was taken in setting the bottom, one end would be bent to conform to one sized circle and the other end to conform to a circle of a different size.

The object of my invention is to adjust the flexible bottom more conveniently than heretofore, and to always adjust both ends to the same circle.

The flexible bottom A is secured to the stock B by screws taking into the stock at each side of the throat, in the usual manner of securing the same in circular planes.

At one side of the stock B short shafts a a are secured in proper bearings, so as to partially rotate therein. On the inner ends of said shafts a a, and in the middle of the stock B, rocking levers C C are rigidly secured, so as to rotate with said shafts. The outer ends of the rocking levers C C are connected to the ends of the flexible bottom A by means of the links b b.

On the outer ends of the shafts a a, rigidly secured, are segment-gears c c, which mesh into each other and necessitate the movement of one shaft with its fellow.

Inasmuch as the rear end of the flexible bottom is longer than its front end, and describes a larger circle in bending, the segment-gear on the front or short end is made larger than the segment-gear on the long end, in order to cause the latter to move enough faster than the former to compensate for the difference in the size of the circle described by the two ends of the flexible bottom.

In the front end of the stock B there is a rocking block or nut, d, which receives the adjusting-screw e, surmounted by a suitable knob or handle, D. The screw e is also provided with an internal thread, running in the opposite direction from that of its external thread, which internal thread receives the adjusting-screw e’, the lower end of which is connected by a pin or other jointed connection to one of the levers.

By turning the adjusting-screw e e’, the lever C, to which it is connected, is either depressed or lowered, according to which way the screw is turned, thereby partially rotating the shaft a. The segment-gear on the outer end of the shaft, meshing into a like gear on its fellow shaft, carries the opposite lever with the one connected to the screw, and the ends of the flexible bottom being connected by the links to said levers, as shown, must necessarily move together; and if the size of the segment-gears is properly arranged in relation to the circles described by both ends of the flexible bottom, said ends will both of them always be bent to conform to the same circle under all the various adjustments which they undergo.

The double screw e e’ is merely for the purpose of increasing the motion of the lever, and may, if desired, be omitted, and a single screw substituted therefor.

Other means might be employed for moving the levers or securing them in place without changing the portion of the invention which relates to moving both ends of the flexible bottom together.

If desired, the segment-gears might be separated a little and a worm placed between them, so as to engage the teeth thereof, whereby turning the worm will simultaneously move both segment-gears, levers, &c., in either of which modifications a single handle only has to be manipulated to operate both ends of the flexible bottom.

I claim —

1. In a circular plane, the combination of the flexible bottom A and mechanism, substantially as described, connecting its two ends, for necessitating their simultaneous movement, substantially as described.

2. In a circular plane, the combination of the flexible bottom A, mechanism, substantially as described, connecting its two ends and necessitating their simultaneous movement, and a single adjusting or operating handle, substantially as described, and for the purpose specfiied.

3. In a circular plane, the combination of the stock B, flexible bottom A, link b, rocking lever C, and adjusting-screw e, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

4. In a circular plane, the combination of the flexible bottom A, links b b, levers C C, shafts a a, and sement-gears c c, substantiallly as described, and for the purpose specified.

HENRY M. CLARK.

Witnesses:
T. A. CONKLIN,
JAMES SHEPARD.

No. 193,373 – Improvement In Hand-Tools For Working Moldings (James H. Lewis) (1877)

[paiddownloads id=”281″]193373

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JAMES H. LEWIS, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

IMPROVEMENT IN HAND-TOOLS FOR WORKING MOLDINGS.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 193,373, dated July 24, 1877; application filed January 4, 1877.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES H. LEWIS, of Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michigan, have invented an Improvement in Hand-Tools for Working Moldings, of which the following is a specification:

The nature of my invention relates to an improvement in hand-tools for working moldings, of which there is a great variety of shapes and sizes in a set; and has for its object to so construct the same that one pair of removable handles will fit and can be secured to any of the heads of the various tools.

The invention consists in the peculiar construction of the tool-heads and the handles, as more fully hereinafter set forth.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of one of my improved tools, with one handle detached. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through one handle.

In the drawing, A represents a metal stock or head, adapted to receive and have secured to it a bit, B, of the form to produce a given cross-section of molding. The head is cast at each side with a double-flanged rib, a, over which slides a T-slotted head, b, on the inner end of a wooden handle, C, which is secured thereon by driving in a taper key, c.

As hereinbefore stated, a full set comprises a great variety of forms and sizes of molding-tools, the heads alone of which take up but very little space in a joiner’s chest. In the present case one pair of handles will answer for the entire set, which costs less and takes up less space than a set with handles permanently attached.

What I claim as my invention is —

The head A of a hand molding-tool, cast with the flanged ribs a a and the handles C C, provided with the slotted heads b, adapted to be secured to said ribs by a taper key, c, driven in each, substantially as described.

JAMES H. LEWIS.

Witnesses:
H. F. EBERTS,
H. S. SPRAGUE.

No. 192,402 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Clinton L. Adancourt) (1877)

[paiddownloads id=”280″]192402

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CLINTON L. ADANCOURT, OF LANSINGBURG, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 192,402, dated June 26, 1877; application filed December 15, 1876.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CLINTON L. ADANCOURT, of the town of Lansingburg, Rensselaer county and State of New York, have invented an Improvement in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification:

The nature of my invention consists in forming a wood-plane in adjustable sections, which may be attached to its ends, so as to increase the length of its bearing-surface when required, to vary the uses to be performed by it, and thus make one plane answer a double use by lengthening the same.

It also consists in the manner of attaching and operating the cutting bit or knife to the plane, so that the same may be used to cnt a shaving of greater or less thickness.

My invention consists of these separate features as arranged and constructed, as well as the same combined.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 shows a vertical sectional view of a central section of a plane without the extension sections. Fig. 2 illustrates the same section in a top view looking down upon the plane, with the handle removed. Fig. 3 represents a vertical sectional view with the extension-sections added; and Fig. 4, a top view of the plane with extension-sections added.

Like letters designate like parts in all the figures.

The detachable handles of the plane are designated H’ H”, the cutting bit or knife B, and a hinged bank C, upon which the latter rests, and to which it is attached. The trunnions upon which the bank C is hinged to the side walls of the plane are shown at T; the cutting-edge of the bit at O; the shaving-discharge opening of the plane at S.

The cutting bit or knife is illustrated as attached to the hinged bank by means of a slotted opening in the knife, and a set-screw, as seen at I. Upon the under side of the hinged bank, and against it, so as to more it and the attached bit or knife upon the hinged apex of the former, there is shown an eccentric, e, with a handle, E. This latter is attached to the base of the plane by a screw, K. The extension-sections E’ E” are attached to the central section F by means of lapping and tenoned joints, and are secured and held in place by the set-screws S” S”, passing through the lapping and tenoned points of union, and attaching the handles of the plane.

The manner of operating the device thus formed is as follows: The cutting knife or bit B, as attached to the bank C hinged at T, is shown as in contact, upon its inner edge, with the eccentric e and its handle E, and when this handle is moved in the direction of the arrows, shown upon the eccentric at a”, the motion communicated to the bank in contact is such as to raise or depress the lower end of the bank and knife by moving the same in the direction of the arrows seen at a’ and a”. The shaving-cut will be in proportion to the dip of the bit, and this is arranged by the adjustable eccentric and handle, as it is moved around the fixed pin, the eccentric raising or depressing the cutting end of the knife.

The knife or bit, which is sharpened at both ends, may, if desired, have one end rounded, like the edge of a jack-plane knife, for coarse work, and the other with a straight cutting-edge, like a smoothing-plane, so that the knife may be reversed and used tor either kind of work, and, by the addition of the extension-section, what would serve for a jack-plane body may be changed into that of a jointer, and thus one tool maybe made to answer the purpose of several.

The body of the planes and the extension-sections may be made of either wood, iron, or other suitable material.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. In combination, the center knife or bit section F of a plane, and the extension-section E’ E”, to increase the length and base bearing-lines of the plane, as shown and described.

2. In a bench-plane, the hinged bank C, reversible cutting bit or knife B, actuating-eccentric e, and handle E, arranged to operate as described and shown.

3. In a bench-plane, the extension-sections E’ and E”, the center or bit section F, the hinged bank C, cutting bit or knife B, the adjusting-eccentric e, and handle E, arranged to operate as herein described and shown.

Signed at Troy, New York, this 12th day of December, 1876.

C. L. ADANCOURT.

Witnesses:
CHAS. M. DAVIS,
THOS. F. MURNANK.

No. 192,132 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Samuel D. Sargent) (1877)

[paiddownloads id=”279″]192132

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

SAMUEL D. SARGENT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE AND LEVEL COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 192,132, dated June 19, 1877; application filed November 4, 1876.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL D. SARGENT, of New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification:

My invention consists, in a device for adjusting plane-bits, of a link constructed to operate in the manner hereinafter shown and described.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a bench-plane which embodies my invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same with the cap and plane-irons removed. Figs. 3 and 4 are side elevations, showing diifcrent modifications of the adjusting mechanism for said plane; and Fig. 5 is a diagram to aid in the explanation of my invention.

A designates the stock, and B the handle, both of which may be of any ordinary form and of any suitable material.

The object of my invention is to provide cheap, simple, and eflicient means for adjusting the cutting-bit in its proper position within the stock.
C designates the bit, which may be either a single or double iron, as may be desired. Upon the under side of said bit a series of alternate ribs and channels are formed, as shown in Fig. 1. Upon the under side of the frog a, which frog is the bed upon which the plane iron or bit rests, there is a screw, b, which, in Fig. 1, is a fixed stud threaded externally, and upon it is a larger screw, c, threaded internally to fit the screw b, and externally to fit the nut d, which it carries, the external. thread of the screw c being one banded, and its internal thread and thread of the screw b being threaded in the reverse direction. The larger screw c is also provided with a suitable head, D, or operating-handle.

To the nut d of the screw c one end of a link, e, is secured, and its opposite end lies loosely in a longitudinal slot formed in the frog a, as shown in Fig. 2. This lower end of the link e has a thin projection, which projects a little above the face of the frog, and engages in one of the grooves or channels formed in the under side of the bit, and it is necessary that the link at this end shall rest on ways or other support, so that said end cannot disengage from the plane-bit. The link between its two ends must be clear of all bearings, so as to allow of its free movement. The ordinary holding-cap E, or other proper means, holds the bit in place.

By turning the screw c in one direction the nut d is forced toward the frog a, carrying with it that end of the link e, and, as said link cannot change its length, it follows that the lower end, which is engaged with the cutting-bit, must move downward in the slot in the frog a, and, being so engaged. it must also force the cutting-bit downward with it. By turning the screw in the opposite direction the bit is drawn upward.

The link, for convenience’ sake, is made crooked; but its operation is the same, so long as it is sufficiently rigid, as if it was formed on a straight line between its ends — that is, from the point at which it is secured to the nut to its projecting point at the time of the frog. The operation of this link is, perhaps, more clearly illustrated by reference to the diagram, Fig. 5. The screw, the frog, and the link together form a triangle. In Fig. 5 the side J K is the base of the triangle, and represents the axial line of the screw; the side J 1 the perpendicular, and represents the face line of
the frog, and the side K 1 the hypotenuse, and represents the axial line of the link.

ln the adjustment of the plane iron with this triangular mechanism the link or hypotenuse of the triangle is made to change its position; but it is so confined that its two ends will always be one on the base-line, and the other on the perpendicular-Iine, of a triangle. Three different positions of the link are represented in Fig. 5 — the first by the solid line K 1, the second by the broken line L 2, and the third by the dotted line M 3 — by which it will be seen that, as one end of the hypotenuse is changed in such direction as to shorten the base, the vertex of the vertical angle is carried away from the base. In the diagram the vertex of the vertical angle is changed about one-eighth of an inch for every change there represented. A link engaging with a plane-bit, and changing its position in like manner, would move said bit one-eighth of an inch for every such change.

In Fig. 1 there is a compound screw, hereinbefore described. Its object is to get all the advantage of a fine-threaded screw and the speed of a coarse-threaded one. Such compound screw moves the nut fd just twice as far as it would be moved by it single screw having the same number of threads to an inch, whereby a less number of revolutions of the screw are required in order to effect the desired adjustment than with a single screw.

In Fig. 3 a single screw, F, is shown; but the link and nut are the same as those shown in Fig. 1. The screw is also set at an oblique angle to the face of the frog, in which position the movement of the nut endwise on the screw gives a greater range of motion to the lower end of the link than it would otherwise have.

In Fig. 4 two links, f g, are employed, and jointed together at their meeting ends. The link g is confined to the frog at one end to prevent longitudinal movement. An arm or extension at one end of the link f rests in at grooved nut, h, working on the screw G, and the opposite end of said link f plays loosely in a slot in the frog, as before described for the link e, the object of the additional link g in said rnodification being merely to give a little more throw to the adjustment.

In all of the modifications and mechanisms herein described the link e is employed and arranged to operate substantially the same.

I claim as my invention —

In a device for adjusting plane-bits, the link e, constructed to operate substantially as shown and described, for the purpose set forth.

SAMUEL D. SARGENT.

Witnesses:
FRED. N. STANLEY,
T. A. CONKLIN.

No. 191,393 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Watson Wood) (1877)

[paiddownloads id=”278″]191393

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WATSON WOOD, OF CHELSEA, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 191,393, dated May 29, 1877; application filed February 26, 1877.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WATSON WOOD, of Chelsea, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification:

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 represents a side view of a plane, partly in section, to show my improved oiling attachment; and Fig. 2 is a top view of the same.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

The invention has reference to an oiling attachment to iron or iron-faced planes, by which the objectionable sticking or friction of the same on wood is obviated; and the invention consists of an iron or iron-faced plane, having an oil-receptacle and feed device in front of the cutting-iron.

In the drawing, A represents a plane of any approved construction, being either entirely of iron or of wood with an iron face. A small hole, a, is drilled through the face of the plane in front of the cutting-iron and in the center of the face. This hole is connected, either by a small tube or directly, with an oil-receptacle, B, that may be either cast on the plane inside of the knob which is generally used as a handle, or otherwise attached to the same. The oil-receptacle B is closed by a knob, G, that is secured or otherwise applied in air-tight manner thereto. A wick or piece of soft leather is arranged at the inside of the receptacle and in the feed-hole et, so as to prevent the oil from being fed too fast on the face of the plane. The wick or other device admits only the escape of a quantity of oil sufficient to allow the iron-faced plane to run smoothly and easily over the wood, giving the iron face sufficient lubrication to destroy the friction or sticking of the same on the wood without greasing the work or the hands of the person using the plane.

When the plane is not in use no oil will escape, and, as no air can get in, it will last for a long time, and not gum at all. The face of the plane, being always oily, will not rust, nor will the iron rust, as the shavings that are cut by it supply a small quantity of grease to it, which leaves the iron in a good condition for any length of time, the oil-trap forming thus a useful attachment to the plane that facilitates the working with iron-faced planes.

I am aware that it is not new to set a soap-stone in front of a plane-iron; but

What I claim is —

The combination of plane A, having hole a, and the oil-reservoir B, the two connected directly or by tube with each other, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

WATSON WOOD.

Witnesses:
FRANK T. WARE,
EBEN HUTCHINSON.