Month: July 2012

No. 1,098,706 – Hand-Scraper (Christian Bodmer) (1914)

[paiddownloads id=”696″]1098706

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHRISTIAN BODMER, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE &
LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

HAND-SCRAPER.

_________________

1,098,706. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented June 2, 1914.
Application filed November 8, 1913. Serial No. 799,854.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHRISTIAN BODMER, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, Hartford county, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hand-Scrapers, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to an improvement in tools, and particularly to so-called hand scrapers such as employed for scraping or smoothing the surfaces of floors or other woodwork.

The invention relates more particularly to the body portion, which is constructed integrally of cast iron and is so designed as to properly hold the cutter in position for service.

It is the purpose of my invention to provide certain improvements in the construction of the body or frame, and by said improvements to overcome the errors and weaknesses existing in tools of this general description as heretofore constructed; that is to say, by the present design the user may grasp the tool in such a way as to apply his power with the greatest efficiency; the construction also being such that the handle portions are connected to the central body portion by a much stronger connection than that heretofore employed in an iron scraper body or frame.

In the accompanying is a perspective view scraper. Fig. 2 is a front elevation, partly in section. Fig. 3 is a rear elevation.

1 is the sole portion or base.

2 is an upwardly projecting wall arranged longitudinally of the base and between the front and rear edges.

3 is a slot which extends transversely through the base about midway betvveen the front and rear edges and just to the rear of the wall 2. The cutter, later described, projects through this slot, the slot being of an appropriate length for the cutter. The sole 1 and the wall 2 constitute the central portion of the scraper body or frame.

4–4 are handles which are arranged at each end of the central or main portion, the handles being cast integrally therewith, each handle being united to the central body portion in the unique manner now described. A description of the means for drawings, Figure 1 of my improved connecting one handle with the main body will suihce for both, as the means of connection corresponds in each instance.

5 is a curved flange connecting the inner end of the handle 4 with the side edge of the sole portion 1 forward of the wall 2.

6 is a curved flange connecting the inner end of the handle with the side edge of the sole portion 1 back of the wall 2.

7 is an upwardly curved flange connecting the handle with the side edge of the wall 2. These flanges operate in effect as longitudinally arranged strengthening ribs which extend far enough into the handle portion to constitute a very powerful connection. Each handle proper is in effect corrugated so as to get the maximum strength with the least weight, the corrugation being on the under side and appearing in Fig. 2 at the right hand side.

8 is a cutter blade.

9 is a clamping plate connected in any suitable manner, as by thumb screws 10–10 to the rear of the wall 2. This clamping plate 9 serves to hold the blade 8 firmly against the back of the wall 2, with the edge thereof projecting therethrough to the desired extent.

11 is a thumb screw which is located about midway in the wall 2 on the opposite side from the thumb screws 10–10. The inner end of this thumb screw 11 is arranged to engage the blade 8 to bend it slightly baclr at the center, as it is found that it operates more easily when thus buckled or bent.

In operation, the operator grasps the handles 4–4 with the fingers, while his thumbs project down into the spaces at the meeting angles of the front part of the sole, the front part of the wall and that part of the handle between the flanges 7 and 5. The ball of each thumb rests well down on the upper surface of the sole 1 very close to the work, so that the pressure of the thumbs will be applied to the greatest advantage, the position of the thumbs being such that a minimum of exertion is required of the operator, each thumb standing in a substantially straight position rather than being bent. Heretofore in the construction of iron scraper bodies it has been customary to provide a substantially vertical wall at each end of the sole 1, forming a box-like structure, thus requiring the operator to bend each thumb in order to get any thumb pressure directly on the sole. This is not only tiresome, but it is obvious that the operator’s full power cannot be applied when the pressure is exerted through the end of the thumb. It is apparent, of course that each handle curves upwardly so as to afford clearance for the fingers. In this, however, there is no novelty, as it is common in all scrapers of this general class.

In the old box-like type of construction above referred to, the connection between the handles and the main central body is comparatively weak, with the result that if the tool is accidentally dropped, breakage frequently occurs where one or the other handle is united to the main body. By the present invention I not only avoid the box-like structure due to the old end wall formation, but I also connect each handle with the main central body so that a maximum of strength is afforded, very much minimizing the danger of breakage. I have referred to that part of the main body which faces the operator as the front part. It will be understood that in operating the scraper the cutting stroke is performed ordinarily by pushing the tool away from the operator while pressing it firmly against the surface which is to be smoothed.

What I claim is:

1. A scraper body including a main central portion comprising a sole having a slot therein constituting a cutter opening, a wall projecting upwardly at the forward edge of said cutter opening, two handles arranged at opposite ends of the main central portion and integrally connected therewith, said connection including a series of longitudinally arranged rib-like flanges extending from the edges of the sole portion and said wall and merging by gentle curves into and forming part of the handles.

2. A scraper body including a main central portion comprising a sole having a slot therein constituting a cutter opening, a wall projecting upwardly at the forward edge of said cutter opening, two handles arranged at opposite ends of the main central portion and integrally connected therewith, said connection including a series of longitudinally arranged rib-like flanges extending from the edges of the sole portion and said wall and merging by gentle curves into and forming part of the handles, each handle being connected to the cutter opening by not less than three of said rib-like flanges, one of said flanges extending forwardly to meet the side edge of the sole forward of the wall, another extending rearwardly to meet the edge of the sole to the rear of the wall, another extending upwardly to meet the edge of said wall.

3. A scraper body including a main central portion comprising a sole having a slot therein constituting a cutter opening, a wall projecting upwardly at the forward edge of said cutter opening, two handles arranged at opposite ends of the main central portion and integrally connected therewith, said connection including a series of rib-like flanges extending longitudinally from the edges of the sole portion and said wall and merging by gentle curves into and forming part of the handles, with means for holding a cutter against the rear surface of said wall.

CHRISTIAN BODMER.

Wlitnesses :
JNO. BURDICK,
K. J. HOFFDIAN.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,092,326 – Fastening For Plane-Bits (John Bahmiller) (1914)

[paiddownloads id=”695″]1092326

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN BAHMILLER, OF SALEM, OHIO.

FASTENING FOR PLANE-BITS.

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1,092,326. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Apr. 7, 1914.
Application filed November 25, 1912. Serial No. 733,449.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN BAHMILLER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Salem, in the county of Columbiana and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fastenings for Plane-Bits, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in fastenings for plane-bits and has for its object to provide a fastening which will admit of the bit being readily adjusted to the various positions desired.

A further object of the invention resides in providing a bit having a central longitudinal slot, the one wall of which is provided with rack teeth and a still further object resides in providing means on the securing member between the bit and cap-iron adapted for cooperation with said rack teeth to adjust said bit to its various positions.

A further object of the invention resides in providing a device which is extremely simple and durable in construction, inexpensive to manufacture and one which will be very eflicient and useful in operation.

With these and other objects in view, the invention consists in the novel features of construction, combination and arrangement of parts as will be hereinafter referred to and more particularly pointed out in the specification and claim.

In the accompanying drawing forming a part of this application, Figure 1 is a plan view of a bit showing my improvements applied to use thereon. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section therethrough; and Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the sleeve member adapted to cooperate with the rack teeth on the bit.

In describing my invention, I shall refer to the drawing in which similar reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout the several views and in which —

1 indicates a bit such as is used in the usual bench plane or the like, the same being provided with a central longitudinal slot 2, the forward end of which is enlarged as shown at 3. The under face of the bit 1, at the outer end thereof, has counter-sunk therein and welded or otherwise similarly secured thereto, the hard metal surface 4, which extends to the cutting edge thereof and one wall of the slot 2 is provided with rack teeth for the greater portion of its length, as shown at 5. A cap-iron 6 of the usual construction, is also provided, the same having an opening 7 therein, and any other such openings as are demanded by the construction of the plane to which the same is to he applied. This opening 7 is threaded and adapted to receive in engagement therewith, the threaded end of a screw 8 which is extended through the slot 2 of the bit 1. In order to adjustably secure the bit and cap-iron together, however, and properly support the screw 8, I provide a substantial sleeve member 9, which is greater in diameter than the width of the slot 2 and is externally reduced at one end thereof to permit a portion thereof to extend through said slot. This reduced portion is of substantially the same diameter as the width of said slot and is provided with rack teeth, as shown at 10, to engage the teeth 5 in the one wall of said slot. This reduced portion with its rack teeth 10 thereon forms a substantial gear and the outer periphery of the enlarged upper portion of said member 9 is knurled to be readily grasped by the operator and turned. The inner periphery of this sleeve member from the enlarged end thereof, is increased in width as shown at 11 to provide an annular shoulder and as the screw 8 is adapted to extend through this sleeve member, the head of said screw may be readily seated on this annular shoulder.

In setting up the device, the sleeve member 9, with the screw 8 extended therethrough, is first disposed in the enlarged portion 3 of the slot 2 and the cap-iron 6 brought into position to be engaged with the threaded end of said screw. The sleeve is then moved into the slot 2 until the teeth 10 are engaged with the teeth 5 of said slot, whereupon said member 9 is rotated until the bit is properly adjusted with respect to the cap-iron. When the proper adjustment has been made, the screw 8 is then turned until the same securely clamps said member 9 in its adjusted position and the bit is then ready for use. Should, during the operation of the plane, it be desired to adjust said bit, it is only necessary to turn the screw 8 in the opposite direction to loosen the same, whereupon the member 9 may be rotated, which operation will adjust said bit on the cap-iron. The screw is then tightened to securely retain the bit in the desired position.

From the foregoing it will be seen that I have provided a simple, inexpensive and efficient means for carrying out the objects of the invention, and while I have particularly described the elements best adapted to perform the functions set forth, it is obvious that various changes in form, proportion and in the minor details of construction may be resorted to without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the principles of the invention.

The hard metal surface 4 which is counter-sunk in the under face of the bit 1, and extends to the cutting edge thereof, is a plate which will prevent the cutting edge from being unnecessarily nicked during the use of the device and thereby obviate the necessity of constantly sharpening the same, The provision of such a plate on the bit will not materially add to the cost thereof and in the end will save considerable time and expense.

Having thus described this invention, what I claim is:–

In a plane, the combination with a cap iron having a threaded opening arranged about centrally therein; of a bit provided with a longitudinal slot terminating in an enlargement at one end thereof, one wall of said slot being provided with teeth extending for the greater portion of its length, a sleeve disposed in the slot of said bit having teeth formed on the outer periphery thereof, in engagement with the teeth of the one vvall of said slot, the teeth on said sleeve also contacting lightly with the opposite wall of said slot to prevent a loose movement of the sleeve therein, a disk-like head member formed on the upper end of said sleeve to project on opposite sides of the slot in said bit and rest on the top face of the latter, said head member being of less diameter than the diameter of the enlargement of said slot and provided with a socket in the top face thereof, means provided on the outer peripheral edge of the head member, whereby to readily grasp the same, and a headed screw disposed through said sleeve and engaged at its lower end with the threaded opening of said cap iron, the head of said screw being received snugly in the socket of the head of said sleeve to bind tightly therein and retain the bit in any adjusted position with respect to the cap iron.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

JOHN BAHMILLER.

Witnesses:
K. L. COBOURN,
MYRTA L. COBOURN.

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Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,090,225 – Plane (Albert A. Page) (1914)

[paiddownloads id=”694″]1090225

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ALBERT A. PAGE, OF EAST HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO SARGENT & COMPANY,
OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

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1,090,225. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Mar. 17, 1914.
Application filed January 26, 1912. Serial No. 673,501.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT A. PAGE, a citizen of the United States, and resident of the town of East Haven, county of New Haven, and State of Connecticut, have invented new and useful lmprovements in Planes, of which the following is a specification when taken in connection with the accompanying drawing.

This invention relates to planes, and the primary object of the invention is to provide iinproved means for mounting a single adjusting element, such as an adjusting screw, which is capable of adjusting the bit laterally as well as longitudinally. The lateral adjusting rnevernent, which is provided for by a special mounting of the adjusting screw or other element, enables the plane bit to be oscillated to a certain extent relative to the longitudinal axis of the plane so that the cutting edge of the bit may be brought into exact parallelism with the throat in the stock or frame. At the same time, the adjusting screw, or its equivalent, retains its usual function of moving the plane bit longitudinally, i. e., into and out of the throat.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, the invention consists in the novel features and coinbinations of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawing, illustrating a preferred form of the invention, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the plane; Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the same with the cap removed; Fig. 3 is a fraginentary plan view of the rear portion of the plane, the cap and bit being omitted.; Fig. 4 is a detail plan view of the swivel socket or standard for the adjusting screw; Fig. 5 is a vertical transverse section through the stock, taken immediately in front of the socket for the adjusting screw; and F ig. 6 is a detail view of the adjusting screw and its pivot or swivel mernber.

Referring to the drawing, 10 indicates the body or stock of the plane, which may be of any preferred form.

11 is the usual throat in the bottom of the stock into which extends a bit 12 of customary form, surmounted by a cap 13 of ordinary construction. The bit 12 is secured in the stock by means of a screw (not shown) screwed into an internally threaded socket 14 rising from the bottom of the stock, said screw securing the cap 13 in place against the bit in any well known manner, and the longitudinal adjustment of the bit being provided for by a longitudinal slot 15, through which the aforesaid screw freely passes. When the bit and cap have been properly adjusted with respect to the screw projecting out of the socket 14, the parts are tightly clamped in place by means of a cam device 10 of any ordinary construction associated with the cap, as shown in Fig. 1.

The parts so far described are well known, and form no part of the present invention, which is chiefly concerned with the provision of a single adjusting device for giving the bit 12 lateral and longitudinal adjusting movements. This adjusting device comprises an adjusting screw 17 having its threaded shank 18 screwed into, and preferably through, a pivot or swivel member 19 which is so mounted on the bed of the stock as to enable it to be oscillated relative to the longitudinal axis of the plane. In the form shown, the swivel member 19 is of cylindrical shape and is fitled within a socket 20 rising from and preferably integral with the bed of the plane. This socket is provided interiorly with a forwardly and rearwardly inclined seat 21 in which the cylinder 19 is seated, and the cylinder 19 is retained in said seat by means of side walls 22 rising froin the socket 20 and conforming to the side walls of the cylinder 19, as shown in Fig. 3. The walls 22 are separated from each other at the front and rear of the socket by spaces 23 and 24, respectively, which enable the set screw 17 to be oscillated laterally to a certain extent, altliough the walls 22 form stops which limit the movement of the adjusting screw when it is swung toward the respective sides of the plane stock.

The screw 17 is manipulated by a milled head 25, and it is connected with the plane bit 12 by means of a neck portion 26 engaged by a bifurcated lug 27 swiveled in the rear portion of the bit, by means of a swivel pin 27a, as shown in Fig. 2.

It will be apparent that if the adjusting screw 17 is swung into line with the longitudinal axis of the plane, the screwing of said screw into and out of the member 19 will advance the cutting edge of the bit into and out of the throat 11 by a movement of the bit along the longitudinal axis of the plane. This adjustment may of course be effected when the cap 13 is in its clamping position. When the cutting edge of the bit is so ground that it does not lie at a right angle to the longitudinal axis of the bit, said cutting edge may be brought into parallelism with the throat 11 by swinging the adjusting screw to one side or the other of the plane, as shown in Fig. 2. This adjustment is also permitted while the cap is in its clamping position. By pushing the head 25 in the desired direction the screw 17 and its swivel member or pivot 19 will be moved angularly about the forwardly inclined axis of the socket 20, thereby shifting the bit into the desired position. The adjusting screw and its swivel member or pivot may be easily removed from the plane by simply lifting said swivel member or pivot out of the socket 20.

When the bit or cutter is swung laterally it usually turns about the point of contact of one of its forward corners with one of the side walls of the stock. The adjusting screw 17, on the other hand, turns about another point. For this reason the swiveling of the lug 27 on the bit is a valuable feature, inasmuch as the lug is free to follow the various movements of the screw without any binding effect.

The construction described has the great advantage that by a suitable manipulation of the head of the adjusting screw the cutting edge of the bit may be given a compound adjustment which will locate it almost instantaneously in the desired position in the throat of the plane.

One of the important features of the invention resides in the fact that while the standard 20 rises directly from the bed or bottom of the stock and thereby holds the adjusting screw very firmly in the proper position beneath the bit, said screw is mounted to oscillate in a plane parallel to the bit rather than in a plane parallel to the bottom or sole of the plane. This provides for a direct connection of the bit with the adjusting screw without the use of a number of special parts interposed between these instrumentalities. lt will be noted, moreover, that the bit is directly supported at its rear portion by the standard walls importance in place with the other marked inclined top surfaces of the 22, which is of considerable securing the bit firmly in aid of very few parts. An advantage arises from the fact that the adjusting screw can be freely lifted out of the swivel standard, so that after the cap has been removed the bit and adjusting screw can be lifted instantly out of the assembled position.

Without limiting myself to the precise construction shown, I claim:

1. ln a plane, a stock, a bit, a standard rising from the bed of the stock and directly engaging the under surface of the bit to support the same, an adjusting screw, and a carrying member for said adjusting screw swiveled in the upper end of said standard, between the standard and bit, to swing in a plane parallel to the bit; substantially as described.

2. ln a plane, a stock, a bit, a standard rising from the bed of the stock, and having an inclined upper end directly engaging the under surface of the bit, an adjusting screw, means permanently carried by the bit to engage said adjusting screw, and a carrying or pivot member for said adjusting screw set in the inclined upper portion of said standard directly beneath the bit, and arranged to oscillate in a plane parallel to the bit; substantially as described.

3. ln a plane, a stock having a socketed standard rising from the base thereof, a pivot member loosely seated in the socket of said standard to oscillate therein and freely removable from said standard, and an adjusting screw threaded through said pivot member; substantially as described.

4. In a plane, a stock having a socket portion rising from the base thereof, said portion presenting a socket having its axis inclined in a forward and rearward direction, and being provided with side walls spaced apart at the front and rear, a pivot member set in said socket, and an adjusting screw threaded through said pivot member and having an oscillatory movement limited by the side walls of the socket; substantially as described.

5. ln a plane, the combination of a stock, a bit supported therein for laterally oscillating movement, an adjusting screw for the bit swiveled laterally on the stock, said screw having a reduced neck portion, a lug depending from the rear portion of the bit and straddling said reduced neck portion of the adjusting screw, and a swiveled connection between said lug and said bit to permit the bit to turn eccentrically of the adjusting screw as said screw is moved laterally; sub-
stantially as described.

6. In a plane, a stock, a bit therein, an adjusting screw for the bit, a carrying member into which said screw is threaded, and a socket for said member on the bed of the stock comprising spaced side walls which limit the swinging movement of said screw; substantially as described.

7. ln a plane, a stock, a bit therein, an adjusting screw for the bit, an approximately cylindrical swivel member into which said screw is threaded, and a socket on the bed of the stock conforming to said cylindrical swivel member and mounting it to turn in a plane parallel to the bit; substantially as described.

8. In a plane, a stock, a bit therein, an adjusting screw for the bit, an approximately cylindrical carrying member into which said screw is threaded, a socket on the bed of the stock conforming to said cylindrical carrying member and mounting it directly beneath the under surface of the bit, and means to limit the lateral movement of said screw; substantially as described.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand on the 23rd day of January, 1912.

ALBERT A. PAGE.

Witnesses:
GERTRUDE E. SPANG,
BENJAMIN B. LUBINSKY.

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Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,085,651 – Guard For Hand-Planes (John E. Westberg) (1914)

[paiddownloads id=”693″]1085651

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN E. WESTBERG, OF EL CAMPO, TEXAS.

GUARD FOR HAND-PLANES.

_________________

1,085,651. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Feb. 3, 1914.
Application filed November 27, 1911. Serial No. 662,640.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN E. WESTBERG, a citizen of the United States, residing at El Campo, in the county of Wharton, State of Texas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Guards for Hand-Planes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to improvements in bench planes.

The principal object of the invention is to provide a guard for bench planes which will prevent the shavings or splinters from contacting with and injuring the hand of the operator.

Another object of the invention is to provide a guard for the purpose described which is in the nature of an attachment and which can therefore be readily applied to any plane now in common use which includes the usual front handle.

A further object of the invention is to provide a guard attachment for the purpose described, which is formed from a single blank of metal, is therefore simple in construction, and is cheap to manufacture.

With these and other objects in view, the invention consists in the construction and novel combination of parts hereinafter fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and pointed out in the claim hereto appended; it being understood that various changes in the form, proportion, size and minor details of construction within the scope of the claim, may be resorted to without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

In the drawing Figure 1 is a perspective view of a jack-plane showing my invention associated therewith, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through the same, the handle being shown in elevation, Fig. 3 is a plan view of the blank from which the guard attachment is formed, and Fig. 4 is a detail perspective view of the forward end of a jack-plane showing a modified form of my invention.

Like reference numerals designate corresponding parts in all the figures of the drawing.

Referring to the drawing, a bench plane is indicated as a whole by the reference character A. This plane includes the usual body or base 5 having a threaded recess 6 formed centrally in its forward end for the reception of a screw 7 carried by the usual knob or forward handle 8.

The preferred form of my invention, as illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3 inclusive, consists of a guard formed from a substantially triangular blank 9 of metal. This blank includes a curved base 10 and converging sides 11–11, said sides terminating in an apex 12. Formed in the apex thereof is an opening 13. The end of the blank opposite the opening 13 is transversely bent along the arcuate line la to form a consequent base 15 and an upstanding flange 17, said flange being centrally dished for a purpose hereinafter described. In attaching this guard to a plane, the opening 13 of said guard is placed in registration with the threaded recess 6 of the body 5. It will thus be observed that the body 15 of the guard is of such a length as to project the flange 17 slightly in advance of the front end of the body 5 of the plane. The knob or handle 8 is then secured by means of screws 7 to the body 5, and at the same time clamping the guard 9 against said body 5. It will furthermore be noted that the sides 11–11 of the guard abut against the side walls 5a of the body and thereby prevent any lateral swinging movement of said guard.

In the modification, as illustrated in Fig. 4 of the drawing, the plane B is formed with the usual body or base 18 and side walls 19–19. A front knob or handle 20 is secured in the usual manner to the base 18. The forward end of the base in advance of the handle 20 is bent upwardly to form an arcuate dished guard 21.

From the foregoing, it will be observed that when the plane is in operation, any shavings or splinters which would ordinarily contact with the operator’s hand, will be prevented by means of the guard as above described.

What is claimed is:

The combination with a frame including a body having side flanges and having a centrally disposed blade projecting therefrom, a handle carried by the body and arranged in rear of the blade, a handle carried by the body and arranged in front of the blade, and a guard for said front handle secured to the body by said handle and disposed in advance thereof and intermediate said flanges.

In testimony whereof, I affix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN E. WESTBERG.

Witnesses:
J. E. McIVER,
CHAS. BLOOM.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,069,669 – Plane-Cap (Christian Bodmer And James M. Burdick) (1913)

[paiddownloads id=”692″]1069669

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHRISTIAN BODMER AND JAMES M. BURDICK, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNORS TO THE
STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE-CAP.

_________________

1,069,669. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Aug. 12, 1913.
Application filed May 5, 1913. Serial No. 765,441.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, CHRISTIAN BODMER and JAMES M. BURDICK, citizens of the United States, residing at New Britain, county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, respectively, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Plane-Caps, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to improvements in the construction of planes and is more particularly concerned with cap pieces for the cutters or plane irons thereof of the type shown in our prior U. S. Patent No. 1,053,274, dated February 18, 1913.

The present invention aims to provide a cap piece of the general type shown in this prior patent, but embodying specific structural improvements.

A preferable embodiment of our improved form of cap piece is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which —

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view through a standard type of plane equipped with the cap piece of the present invention. Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section through the palm rest and base sections, detached. Fig. 3 is a view in elevation of the cam lever. Fig. 4 is a bottom plan view of the base plate. Fig. 5 shows a side elevation, partly in section, of a modified form of cap piece, said cap piece being removed from the plane and the parts being shown in cutter clamping position. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section of the palm rest section thereof, detached. Fig. 7 shows the base plate section thereof in longitudinal section and bottom plan. Fig. 8 is a detail of the clamping lever and its roller.

Referring to the drawings: numeral 1 designates the body of a plane of the channel type provided with side walls 2 and a detachable shoe 3 at the forward end thereof, the usual throat 1a being formed adjacent the forward end of the plane.

4 is a frog or seat for the forward end of the plane iron or cutter.

5 designates an interiorly threaded boss projecting upwardly from the plane body and carrying what is commonly termed a “cap screw” 6, provided with the usual headed end 6a. An adjusting lever 10 has its forward end seated over the boss 5 and is provided with an adjusting head 10a A second adjusting device is shown in the form of a lever member 8 pivotally mounted on the plane body and engaged at its rear end by an adjusting nut 9.

7 designates a plane iron or cutter provided with the usual longitudinal slot therein, this cutter being seated on the body of the plane with its forward end resting on the seat 4, and its cutting edge projecting into the throat 1a, the intermediate portions of the cutter resting respectively over the boss 5 and the end of the adjusting lever 8. The adjusting head 10a of lever 10 seats within the slot of the cutter. It will be, of course, understood that this slot is such as to enable the cutter to be seated on the plane body as described with the cap screw 6 projecting through the slot therein. We lay no claim to the specific structure of such a plane, inasmuch as it merely represents a standard type of plane with which the cap piece forming the subject matter of the present invention may be utilized. This cap piece embodies a base plate 11 having a curved forward end shaped to engage the forward end of the cutter resting on the seat 4, this base rearwardly of its curved end being provided with side flanges 12 preferably curving inwardly as seen in Fig. 4. Centrally of the base and intermediate the side flanges is a key-hole slot 13. Intermediate this lrey-hole slot and its rear end, this base plate is provided with a second and elongated slot 14 having lateral enlargements 14a intermediate its ends. Cooperating with this base member is a hollow convex cap 15 forming a palm rest, this palm rest section being hinged or pivoted to the base by means of a pivot pin 16 which may extend transversely of the base and through the side walls 12 at their forward ends. This palm rest section 15 is of sufficient width to inclose between its sides the rearwardly extending flanged portion of the base member 11, and in line with the narrow portion of the key-hole slot 13 thereof, is provided with an aperture 17 forming therewith an annular locking shoulder. 18 designates a bracket extending inwardly from the inner face of the palm rest section at a point in line with the forward end of the elongated slot 14 in the base member. To this bracket is pivotally secured the forward end of a clamping cam lever 19 which is provided with a cam slot 20 therein adjacent its rear or lower end, this cam slot having at its upper or forward end an angular offset forming a locking shoulder 21. This cam lever extends through the elongated slot 14 in the base and its end slot 20 guides upon a roller 22 journaled in the flanges 12 of the base and positioned within the lateral enlargement 14a of the elongated slot.

With the foregoing description in mind, it will be evident that in use, the plane cutter having been seated on the plane body in the desired position, the base 11 is brought to bring the enlarged end of its key-hole slot over the head 6a of the cap screw and is then moved upwardly to bring the head of the cap screw above the narrow portion of its key-hole slot, the palm rest section of the cap piece during this operation being held in the raised position indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 1. When this has been done, the palm rest section is then swung downwardly toward the base member 11, this movement causing the cam lever 19 to swing downwardly therewith to bring its lower edge into frictional clamping engagement with the upper face of the cutter (or of a clamping plate superposed thereon). This clamping action is effected through the cooperation of the cam slot 20 with the roller 22. When the palm rest section has been moved downwardly relative to the base sufficiently far to clamp the cutter on its seat, the roller 22 will have reached the upper or angularly offset end of the slot and will abut against the locking shoulder 21 formed thereby with the main body of the cam slot. At the same time, the aperture 17 at the forward end of the palm rest section will have been brought about the head ea of the cap screw. The edges of the palm rest adjacent said aperture being located at either side of said cap screw will prevent longitudinal movement of the entire cap piece relative to the cap screw and plane body with which it is rigid. The clamping engagement of the cam lever with the cutter is such that it holds the latter tightly on its seat, and under ordinary service conditions its position will be unchanged. The cutter, however, is always capable of being adjusted by the adjusting means provided without loosening the cap.

The frictional engagement of the cam lever with the cutter is maintained by reason of the engagement of the roller 22 with the locking shoulder 21 of the cam slot which shoulder serves to lock the cap piece in cutter clamping position and against accidental displacement. When it is necessary to detach the entire piece, however, a sharp pull on the palm rest section will move the shoulder 21 beyond the roller 22 and will permit the palm rest section to be raised, this action withdrawing the apertured forward end of the palm rest section from about the head of the cap screw so that the base may be moved relative to the cap screw to bring its head in alinement with the enlarged end of its key-hole slot 13, whereupon the base plate 11 and the attached palm rest section may be lifted from the plane body and from engagement with the cap screw.

In Figs 5 to 8, we have illustrated a modified form of cap piece embodying the same general idea. In Figs. 5 and 7, 11a designates the forward curved end of the base member, and 12a the side flanges thereof, the rear end of the base being preferably raised somewhat as at 13a and having formed in the forward end of its flange portion a key-hole slot 13b, and adjacent its rear end and rearwardly of said key-hole slot, an elongated slot 15a. A hollow convex palm rest section 16a is pivoted at its forward end to the flanges 12a and is provided at its forward end and at a point above the restricted end of the key-hole slot 15a with an aperture 17a providing the palm rest at that point with an annular locking shoulder. From the under face of the palm rest section adjacent the forward end of the slot 15a a bracket 18a extends inwardly. Complemental links 19a are pivoted to this bracket and extend through the elongated slot 15a in the base member. The flanges 12a adjacent their rear ends are provided with complemental alined cam slots 20a, these slots at their rear ends being provided with annular extensions or offsets forming locking shoulders 21a. The links 19a at their rear ends carry a clamping roller 22a whose spindle 23a guides in the cam slots 20a, the width of these slots corresponding substantially to the diameter of the spindle. The operation of this form is substantially the same as that of the first form of the cap piece described. The base member is seated on the cap screw and over the cutter in the same manner and the palm rest section is moved downwardly relative thereto, this movement moving the links 19a and their roller 22a downwardly, the cam slots 20a guiding the roller 22a into frictional clamping engagement with the upper face of the cutter and the spindles 23a of this roller seating at the end of its clamping roller in the offset extensions of these cam slots and engaging the locking shoulders to detachably lock the cap 6 in clamping frictional engagement with the cutter.

While we have herein illustrated preferable embodiments of the invention, it will, of course, be evident that the same is susceptible of modification in structure and relative arrangement of parts, within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims.

What we claim, therefore, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is :–

1. A cap piece for use in connection with plane bodies provided with abutment studs projecting upwardly from the cutter seats thereon, comprising a base adapted to be seated over a cutter, a palm rest pivotally secured to said base, a clamping lever carried by one of said parts, arranged upon movement of said palm rest relative to said base, to cooperate with means carried by the other of said parts to thereby clamp a cutter on its seat, said clamping means including a cam on one of said cooperating parts having a locking shoulder thereon, and a member carried by the other of said parts engaging said cam and arranged to engage said shoulder to lock said clamping lever in cutter clamping position.

2. A cap piece for use in connection with plane bodies provided with abutment studs projecting upwardly from the cutter seats thereon, comprising a base adapted to be seated over a cutter with its abutment stud projecting therethrough, a palm rest pivotally secured to said base and provided with a shoulder arranged to engage said stud upon relative movement of said palm rest and base, a clamping lever carried by one of said parts arranged, upon such relative movement, to cooperate with means carried by the other of said parts to thereby move said lever to clamp a cutter on its seat, said clamping means including a cam on one of said cooperating parts having a locking shoulder thereon, and a member carried by the other of said parts engaging said cam and arranged, upon such relative movement, to engage said shoulder whereby said clamping lever is detachably locked in cutter clamping position.

3. A cap piece for use in connection with plane bodies provided with abutment studs projecting upwardly from the cutter seats thereon, comprising a base adapted to be seated over a cutter, a palm rest pivotally secured to said base, a clamping lever pivotally carried by said palm rest and guiding on said base, a cam slot formed in one of said parts, said slot having an offset therein forming a locking shoulder, and a stud carried by the other of said parts engaging in said cam slot and arranged upon movement of said palm rest relative to said base, to move said clamping lever into frictional clamping engagement with a plane cutter, said stud at the end of such clamping movement, being positioned within said slot offset and against said shoulder to thereby detachably lock said parts in counter clamping position.

4. A cap piece for use in connection with plane bodies provided with abutment studs projecting upwardly from the cutter seats thereon, comprising a base adapted to be seated over a cutter with its abutment stud projecting therethrough, a palm rest pivotally secured to said base and provided with a shoulder arranged to engage said stud upon relative movement of said palm rest and base, a clamping lever pivotally carried by said palm rest and guiding on said base, and arranged, upon such relative movement of the parts, to cooperate with means carried by said base to clamp a cutter on its seat, said clamping means including a cam slot formed in one of said parts and having an offset thereon providing a locking shoulder or abutment, and a stud carried by the other of said parts engaging in said cam slot and arranged, upon movement of said palm rest relative to said base, to move said clamping lever into frictional clamping engagement with a plane cutter, said stud engaging with said shoulder or abutment at the end of such relative movement, to detachably lock said clamping lever in cutter clamping position.

CHRISTIAN BODMER.
JAMES M. BURDICK.

Witnesses:
ALBERT W. RITTER,
PHILIP B. STANLEY.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,059,137 – Plane (John P. Gage) (1913)

[paiddownloads id=”691″]1059137

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN P. GAGE, OF VINELAND, NEW JERSEY.

PLANE.

_________________

1,059,137. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Apr. 15, 1913.
Application filed July 25, 1912. Serial No. 711,586.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN P. GAGE, a citizen of the United States, resident of Vineland, in the county of Cumberland and State of New Jersey, have made a certain new and useful Invention in Planes; and I declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

Figure 1 is a central vertical longitudinal section of the invention. Fig. 2 is a detail plan view of the plane stock. Fig. 3 is a detail plan view of the cutting plate and the guide clamp. Fig. 4 is a detail plan view of the cap iron.

The invention is designed to simplify and improve the carpenters’ plane, and particularly the block plane, in such wise as to provide advantages relating to its durability and useful facilities; and it consists in the novel construction and combinations of parts, as hereinafter set forth.

In the annexed drawings the numeral 2 indicates a plane stock; 3 a cap iron; 4 a cutting plate or bit, and 5 a guide clamp which is secured to the bit.

The plane stock is provided with integral inclined bearings 6 on the upper or inner surface of its bottom, in rear of the transverse slot 7 through which the cutting bit is designed to protrude, these bearings coinciding in their inclination with the beveled bearing 8 of the bottom, which extends to the acute rear margin of the slot. The front margin of this slot is formed by a transverse rib 9 which connects the side walls 12, 12, which are substantially parallel and form guides for the movement of the cap iron and bit. Connecting these walls, in the throat of the stock, above and in rear of the slot, is a cross bar or bearing 14, which is perforated and threaded for the passage of a strong set screw 15, the axial direction of which is designed to be substantially in line with that portion of the bottom which is adjacent to the acute edge of the transverse slot. The cutting plate or bit 4 is designed to rest on the bearings 6 and 8, and as the setting and securing devices are located above it, this cutting plate can be disposed at a very low angle, suitable for a plane of the character indicated.

The cutting plate or bit is provided with the usual series of adjustment slots, and on the upper surface of this plate is adjusted and secured the holding or guiding clamp 5, which consists of a longitudinal base portion 16 and an upward projection or lug 17 which is provided with a bearing recess 18, open at its upper end and provided with an open-top slot bearing in rear to receive the neck of an adjusting screw 19. The base of the holding clamp is provided with a threaded aperture for a clamp screw, extending through a slot of the cutter plate. The base of this clamp 5 has parallel sides, and it is designed to engage and slide in a parallel-side recess 20 in the bottom of the cap iron 3. The bottom of the cap iron is plane to lit neatly the top of the bit, at the sides of the clamp lug. The top of the cap iron is made with a beveled front wall 21, a sloping angular bearing 22 in rear of the top of this front wall and lateral bearings or lugs 13 in line with each other and designed to engage the transverse bar 14 of the plane stock when the cap iron is forced into position. The cap iron is provided with a middle opening or slot 23 for the reception of the clamp lug, and in rear of this opening is provided a transverse bearing 24 in which is made a threaded opening for engagement with the adjusting screw 19. The shouldered end of this adjusting screw engages neatly the bearing recess 18 of the clamp lug 5, so that the adjustment of this screw moves the clamp and cutter plate backward or forward with reference to the cap iron, which therefore forms the principal or purchase element for this adjustment.

In a plane of this character the cap iron is designed to be provided with a bowed handle portion or push bearing 25 of sufficient height and span to protect the adjusting screw and allow removal of the cutter and clamp.

The front of the cap iron is of proper height to pass easily under the transverse bar or bearing 14 of the stock. And when the cutting plate, properly and securely fastened to its guide clamp, is provided with its cap iron in engagement with the adjusting screw, a combination of parts is formed which is designed to be placed on the bottom inclines of the stock and, if the set screw 15 is raised, will easily slide forward to position. In normal position the bearings 13 of the cap iron abut against the bar 14 of the stock, and the sloping bearing 22 lies under this bar. The screw 15 being now set down firmly against this sloping bearing, operates to drive the cap iron forcibly home against the transverse bar or bearing 14, and to clamp the cap iron firmly in place on the cutter plate. Adjustment of the bit is easily effected by means of the adjusting screw of the cap iron.

This plane is designed to be in a manner self-setting as its cap iron and plane iron fit together accurately beforehand, and when simply laid in place will slide forward to true position. When the cutting plate is properly secured to its guide clamp, no adjustment of the holding or setting parts is required, except in regard to the operation of the set screw and the adjusting screw. The simple devices of this plane can be taken apart and put together exactly as they were in a few seconds.

The setting and holding devices of the plane are placed above the cutting plate, in such wise that the latter may be arranged at as low an angle as may be required. The cap and plane iron are forced to accurate position and held therein by a single set screw, and without other care and attention than is required to turn the screw forcibly home.

In taking out the bit and cap iron no movement of the adjusting screw is required. The set screw being loosened up sufficiently, the cap iron, guide clamp and cutting plate will slide back and, without moving the adjusting screw, the cap-iron can be lifted from the cutter plate. Upon replacing the parts without adjustment of the screw of the cap iron, the bit takes its former position with relation to the cap iron accurately, so that when placed in the stock the cap iron will take normal position therein and there will be no change in its shaving adjustment. It is designed to provide in this plane practical operating parts which will when once adjusted always go together in accurate and true position with relation to each other to secure the same thickness of shaving without further operation of means of adjustment.

Having described the invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a plane, a stock having a threaded bearing, a cutter plate, a slotted cap iron on said plate having a threaded bearing, a guide clamp for said plate having an upward projecting bearing lug engaging the slot of the cap iron, an adjusting screw in the threaded bearing of the cap iron engaging said bearing lug, and a set screw in the threaded bearing of the stock engaging the cap iron.

2. In a plane, a stock having bottom inclines extending to its cutter slot, a cutter plate, a slotted cap iron provided with an adjusting screw, a guide clamp secured to the upper face of said plate and engaging the slot of the cap iron and having a bearing engaging said adjusting screw, and a set screw for the cap iron engaging a bearing of the stock.

3. In a plane, the combination with a stock having lateral parallel guide walls, bottom inclines and a threaded bearing over said bottom inclincs and a cutting plate engaging said inclines, of a cap iron engaging said guide walls and said cutting plate, a guide clamp for the cutting plate and engaging the cap iron, a set screw engaging the threaded bearing of the stock, and means in connection with said cap iron for adjusting said guide clamp and its plate to said cap iron.

4. In a plane, a stock having bearing and a threaded bearing in its throat, a cap iron having a front sloping bearing and lateral lugs to engage said transverse bearing, a cutter plate, means for adjustably connecting the cutter plate and cap iron and a set screw engaging the threaded bearing of the stock and the sloping bearing of the cap iron.

5. In a plane, a stock having bottom inclines and a threaded transverse bar over the same, a cap iron having a sloping front bearing and lugs to engage said bar, a guiding clamp for the cutter plate having sliding engagement with said cap iron, and means in connection with the latter for adjusting the guiding clamp and its cutter plate.

6. In a plane, the combination with a plane stock having bottom inclines, a threaded bearing over the same and a set screw therein, of a cutter plate on said inclines, a guiding clamp secured to the top of the cutter plate, a cap iron engaging the top of the cutter plate, and an adjusting screw engaging the cutter plate, and an adjusting screw engaging the guide clamp and the cap iron.

7. In a plane, the combination with a plane stock having bottom inclines and a set screw engaging a bearing of said stock above said inclines, of a cutter plate on said inclines, a guiding clamp secured to said cutter plate, an adjusting screw engaging said guiding clamp, and a normally stationary cap iron engaging the stock, the cutter plate, the guiding clamp, the set screw and the adjusting screw.

8. In a plane, a stock having bottom inclines, a set screw engaging a bearing of said stock above said inclines, a cutter plate on said inclines, a guiding clamp secured to the top of said plate, a normally stationary cap iron clamped on top of said plate by the set screw, and an adjusting screw connecting the cap iron and the guiding clamp.

9. A plane having a parallel-wall stock, low bottom inclines, and a bearing of said stock substantially over the cutter slot, a cutter plate on said inclines, a guiding clamp secured to the top of the cutter plate, a normally stationary cap iron on top of said cutter plate, an adjusting screw connecting the cap iron and the guiding clamp, and a set screw in a bearing of said stock engaging said cap iron.

10. In a plane, a parallel-wall stock having a transverse bearing, a cutter plate, a cap iron normally abutting against said bearing, a guiding clamp on top of said cutter plate, an adjusting screw, a set screw, and means in connection with said cap iron and set screw for forcing the cap iron to normal position against said bearing.

11. In a plane, a parallel-wall stock having a threaded transverse bearing in its throat, a cutter plate, a guiding clamp secured to its top, a cap iron engaging said clamp and abutting against the transverse bearing and having a push handle, an adjusting screw connecting said cap iron and guiding clamp, and a set screw engaging said transverse bearing and the cap iron.

12. In a plane, the combination with a parallel-wall stock, a transverse threaded bearing bar in its throat and a set screw in said bar, of a cutter plate, an adjustable clamping guide secured thereon, and a cap iron having normal position abutting said bar and engaged by said set screw.

13. In a plane, the combination with a stock and a threaded transverse bar in its throat, of a cutter plate, a guiding clamp above the cutter plate, a cap iron, means of adjustment connecting the guiding clamp and its cutter plate to the cap iron, and a set screw engaging said threaded transverse bar.

14. A cap iron of a plane having a central guide slot to engage a projection of a clamp for the bit, a threaded bearing in rear of said slot for an adjusting screw to engage said clamp, lateral lugs controlling its normal position in the stock, and a sloping angular bearing adapted to operate under the pressure of a set screw of the stock to force the cap iron to normal position.

15. A plane having in its throat a transverse bearing bar, a cutter plate, movable guiding means for clamping said cutter plate, movable means for adjusting and holding the clamping means, and means in connection withsaid transverse bearing bar for forcing the adjusting and holding means to normal fixed position against said transverse bar.

16. The combination with a parallel-wall stock having a transverse bar and bottom inclines, of a sliding cutter plate, a guide clamp carried thereby, a cap iron engaging said guide clamp, means of adjustment connecting the guide clamp and cap iron, and means for securing the cap iron in its lowest position against the transverse bar.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN P. GAGE.

Witnesses:
SADIE HOFFMAN,
H. D. STANNARD.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,057,582 – Jointer-Gage Attachment For Planes (Albert F. Schade) (1913)

[paiddownloads id=”690″]1057582

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ALBERT F. SCHADE, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE &
LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

JOINTER-GAGE ATTACHMENT FOR PLANES.

_________________

1,057,582. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Apr. 1, 1913.
Application filed January 14, 1913. Serial No. 741,896.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT F. SCHADE, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, Hartford county, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful lmprovements in Jointer~Gage Attachments for Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to planes, and particularly to an improved form of jointer gage attachment therefor, providing means for securely clamping the attachment to the plane body, which means will permit the use of the attachment in connection with various standard makes and sizes of plane bodies irrespective of thickness of the side walls of said bodies or the angle of junction of said side walls with the base of the plane body. Furthermore the clamping means are such that they may be readily moved to either clamping or unclamping position and, when once moved to clamping position, are firmly held in such position. These and other advantages will be more clearly seen from the taken in detailed specification following, connection with the accompanying drawings forming part thereof and showing a preferable embodiment of the invention.

In these drawings, Figure 1 is a view in side elevation of a jack plane having my improved form of jointer gage attached thereto. Fig. 2 is a rear end view of the parts shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary view in elevation, of the plane body with the gage attached, on an enlarged scale. Fig. 4 is a fragmentary longitudinal section through the plane body looking outward toward the gage attached thereto. Fig. 5 is a vertical section on an enlarged scale taken on the line 5–5 of Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a detailed view in elevation of one of the clamping plates.

Referring to the drawings by numerals, 1 indicates the base and 2 the side walls of a metal plane body of standard channel section type, the side walls 2 being beveled upwardly toward the center from their ends, as is usual in this type of plane. The device of the present invention is adapted for application to a plane body of this type and provides a gage whereby the angle of out may be varied to suit different requirements, such as in joining two parts at an angle. It consists in the present instance of a base member or bar 3 adapted to extend longitudinally of the outer edge of the plane body beneath its lower edge, this bar being provided with inwardly extending flanges 11 adapted to seat against the under face of the base 1 of the plane body. This bar is provided with a plurality of upwardly extending standards 5, these standards being preferably located at or adjacent the ends of the bar and each being provided with a lateral and preferably integral offset 6 having its lower edge positioned above the maximum point to which the forward and rear ends of the side walls of a plane of standard make extend. These offsets are provided with vertically extending threaded bores therein through which are inserted clamping screws 7, the lower ends of which are adapted to be brought into contact with the upper edge of the side wall of the plane body, drawing the flanges 4 of the base bar firmly against the under face of the base 1 of the plane body. The standards 5 of the base member are provided with clamping plates 8 having end flanges 9, these clamping plates being provided with threaded bores therein. A clamping screw 10 extends through an alined bore formed in each standard 5 and engages the threaded bore of its clamping plate 8, this screw preferably having its outer end winged, as at 11, to provide means for manual operation. The clamping screws 10 are of such length that the clamping plates 8 carried thereby will extend inwardly of the plane body beyond the inner face of a side wall 2 of maximum thickness so that by manipulating the clamping screws 10, these plates may be moved outwardly to bring their lower flanges into clamping engagement with the inner face of the side walls 2 of the plane body, their upper flanges resting against the inner face of a standard 5, and the inner faces of the standards engaging the outer face of the side wall. lt will be evident that the base member 3 may be attached to a plane body and held against either lateral or longitudinal movement relatively thereto by means of its plurality of clamping plates 8 which engage the inner face of a side wall of the plane body, and by means of its plurality of clamping screws 7 which engage the upper edge of said side wall. In this connection, it will be noted that once these clamping screws 7 have been moved to bring the flanged portions 4 of the bar against the under face of the base 1 of the plane body, they firmly hold the base member against movement longitudinally of the body by reason of the upwardly extending beveled edges of the side wall 2 with which they are engaged. I find that in practice it is necessary to provide at least two lateral operating clamping members in order to hold the device securely to the plane body and prevent loosening thereof. Furthermore, the provision of the clamping screws adjacent each end of the base member and of the plane body prevent endwise movement of the base member relative to the body by reason of the incline of the side walls of said body.

Extending laterally and outwardly from the base member 3 and preferably integral therewith is an arm 12 having its outer end apertured to receive a bolt 13, upon the outer end of which is mounted a wing nut 14. The base member or bar 3, adjacent its ends, is provided with bifurcations 15 forming bearings between which an angle plate 16 is hinged by means of knuckles 17. A link 18 is provided, pivotally connected at 19 to the angle plate 16 adjacent its lower edge, and having a curved slot 20 formed therein, this slot being formed on an arc with the hinge point of the knuckle 17 as the center. The bolt 13 extends through this curved slot as well as through the aperture in the arm 12, the link 18 being positioned against the face of the arm 12 and the wing nut 14 being mounted over the end of the bolt 18 so that it can be screwed up to engage the face of the link 18 and clamp the same firmly against the arm 12. By this means the angle of the plate 16 relative to the base 1 of the plane body may be varied at will, and the angle of the planing action thereby varied to suit varying conditions. In order to assist the operator in holding the forward end of the plane against the work when my improved attachment is secured to the plane body, I provide a handle member 21 extending outwardly from the forward standard 5 of the attachment so that by grasping the handle proper of the plane body and this auxiliary handle 21, the angle plate 16 may be held firmly against the work.

While I have herein described a preferable embodiment of my invention, it should be understood that the same may be modified within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim, therefore, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a device of the character described, in combination with a plane body of channel section, a base member adapted to engage the base and adjacent side wall of said plane body, a plurality of spaced clamping plates connected with said base member and adapted to be moved laterally into clamping engagement with the inner face of said side wall, a clamping member carried by said base member and adapted to be moved vertically into clamping engagement with the top edge of said side wall, an angle plate pivotally carried by said base member adjacent its lower edge, and means for adjusting said angle plate relative to its base member.

2. In a device of the character described, in combination with a plane body of channel section, a base bar provided with a plurality of spaced upwardly extending standards adapted to engage the side wall of said plane body and with a flange adapted to engage the base of said plane body, clamping plates connected to said standards and adapted to be moved laterally into clamping engagement with the inner face of said side wall, a plurality of spaced clamping members carried by said base bar adapted to be moved vertically into clamping engagement with the top edge of said side wall, an angle plate hinged at its edge to said base bar adjacent its lower edge, and means for adjusting the angle of said plate relative to said base bar and plane body.

3. In a device of the character described, in combination with a plane body of channel section having the top edges of a side wall inclining upwardly from the ends toward the center, a base member adapted to engage said side wall and the base of said plane body and extending longitudinally thereof, clamping means connected to said member adapted to be moved laterally into clamping engagement with the inner face of said side wall, a clamping screw carried by said base member adjacent the opposite ends thereof and adapted to be moved vertically into clamping engagement with the upwardly inclining top edges of said side wall, an angle plate pivotally connected adjacent its upper edge to said base member adjacent its lower edge, and means for adjusting the angle of said plate relative to said base bar and plane body.

4. In a device of the character described, in combination with a plane body of channel section, a base bar extending longitudinally of the plane body and provided with spaced upwardly extending standards adjacent each end thereof adapted to engage the side wall of said plane body and with a flange adapted to engage the base of said plane body, a clamping plate connected to each of said standards and adapted to be moved laterally into clamping engagement with the inner face of said side wall, offsets from said standards, clamping screws threaded through said offsets and adapted to be moved vertically into clamping engagement with the top edge of said side wall, an arm extending outwardly from said base bar, an angle plate pivoted adjacent its upper edge to said base bar adjacent its lower edge, and connections between said plate and arm whereby the angle of said plate relative to said base bar and plane body may be adjusted.

ALBERT F. SCHADE.

Witnesses:
JOHN DIXON,
ANNA McKEON.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,053,356 – Plane (James M. Burdick And Hubert P. Richards) (1913)

[paiddownloads id=”689″]1053356

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JAMES M. BURDICK AND HUBERT P. RICHARDS, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNORS TO THE
STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

1,053,356. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Feb. 18, 1913.
Application filed July 11, 1912. Serial No. 708,763.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JAMES M. BURDICK and HUBERT P. RICHARDS, citizens of the United States, residing at New Britain, county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to an improvement in the construction of planes, and is more particularly concerned with the construction of a detachable cap piece for the cutter or “plane iron”. In such cap pieces, it has hitherto been the practice to provide a detachable cap piece provided with means for engaging with the cutter and clamping it in position upon its seat upon the plane body.

The present invention contemplates forming such a cap piece as a base portion adapted to be seated on the plane body and to engage and fulcrum on an abutment carried thereby, and a palm rest connected with and movable relatively to said base portion, the latter being provided with a clamping lever and the palm rest being operatively connected therewith so that when moved relative to the base, it will move said clamping lever into and out of engagement with the plane cutter. Furthermore the cap is so constructed that when the palm rest is moved to clamp the cutter on its seat, the base is locked against movement relative to its fulcruin and the clamping lever and its connections are themselves automatically locked against accidental retraction from such clamping position.

In the drawings, which illustrate a preferable embodiment of the present invention; Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view through a standard type of plane equipped with a detachable cap constructed in accordance with the present invention. Fig. 2 is a bottom plan view of the cap detached from the plane body.

Referring to the drawings by numerals: 1 designates the body of a plane provided with side walls or flanges 2 and a detachable shoe 3 at the forward end thereof, a throat le being formed at the forward end of the plane and in the rear of the detachable shoe portion thereof. 4 designates a frog or seat for the forward end of the “plane iron” or cutter, and 5 an interiorly threaded boss projecting upwardly from the plane body and carrying what is commonly termed a “cap screw” 6 provided with the usual headed end 6a. An adjusting lever 10 has its forward end seated over the boss 5 and the plane is provided with a second adjusting device comprising a lever member 8 pivotally mounted at its forward end in the plane body and engaged at its rear end by an adjusting nut 9. A “plane iron” or cutter 7 is seated on the body of the plane with its forward end resting upon the frog or seat 4 and its cutting edge projecting into the throat 1a, the intermediate portions of the cutter resting respectively over the forward ends of the adjusting lever 10 and of the second adjusting lever 8. This cutter is provided with the usual longitudinal slot through which the cap screw 6 projects and through and within which the adjusting head 10a extends, and with a plurality of corrugations 7b formed in its under face which are engaged by the forward end of the adjusting lever 8 to effect vertical adjustment of the cutting edge of the cutter. The lever 10, through its adjusting head 10a, effects angular adjustment of said cutting edge within the throat 1a, while the adjusting lever 8 is adapted to tilt the cutter to move its cutting edge vertically in said throat and thereby adjust the depth of cut.

The parts so far described are merely those of a standard type of plane which has been selected for the illustrative application of the detachable cap embodying our invention.

The cap constituting the present invention embodies a base plate 11 having its forward end 11a curved downwardly to engage with the forward end of the cutter 7. At its rear end the base plate 11 is provided with trunnions 12 formed by rolling back the rear edge of the base plate. A narrow slot 13 extends forwardly and centrally from the rear end of the base plate and is provided with an enlargement 14 forming a continuation thereof and with a second enlargement 15 forming the terminal of the slot. The under face of the base plate at either side of the terminal enlargement 15 is provided with downwardly extending ears 16. A hollow convex body 17 forming a palm rest has its forward end narrowed and provided with spaced lugs 18 fitting through the terminal slot 15 in the base plate and lying in transverse alinement with the ears 16. A link member 19 has its forward end formed as a U shaped bracket 19a and has its rearwardly extending end slotted to form spaced links 19b. The forward bracket end of this link member is seated between the spaced lugs 18 of the palm rest and a pivoted pin 20 is inserted through alining apertures formed in the ear 16, lugs 18 and bracket end 19a of the link member, thereby pivotally connecting the palm rest to the base plate and journaling the link member 19 on the pin 20. A lever member 21 forming in effect a bell crank lever is pivotally mounted at the apex of its angle between the trunnions 12 by means of a pivot pin 22, the lever extending down through the slots 13, 14, and having its lower end formed as a cam 23. The forward end of this bell crank lever is formed with a slot 24 and is positioned between the spaced links 19b at the rear end of link member 19, a pin 25 connecting these links and extending through the slot 24 in the forward end of the lever. The slotted enlargement 14 is of sufficient width to admit the movement of the link ends 19b therethrough and the lugs and the terminal enlargement 15 is of sufficient width to permit the insertion therethrough of the lugs 18 depending from the forward end of the palm rest and positioned between the ears 19 of the base plate 11. It will be evident from the foregoing that when the palm rest 17 is moved on its pivot pin 20 relative to the base plate, it will through the connecting link member 19, move the bell crank lever to bring its cam end into and out of engagement with the cutter 7. The connection of link member 19 with the slotted end of the bell crank lever 21 is such that when the palm rest is moved downwardly to bring the cam end of the lever into cutter clamping position, the link and lever automatically lock themselves against accidental retracting movement. This is caused by the fact that the pin 25 connecting the link member 19 with the bell crank lever 21 is brought below the “dead center” between pivot points 20 and 22 when the palm rest is so moved (see Fig. 1).

The base plate 11 adjacent its forward end and centrally thereof is provided a key-hole slot 26, the enlarged portion of the slot being at the forward end of the base plate and the end of the narrowed portion of the slot rearwardly of the base plate being beveled to conform to the beveling of the head 6a of the cap screw.

With the foregoing construction of the parts in mind the operation and use of the cap is as follows: Assuming that the cutter 7 is seated on the plane body as shown in Fig. 1, with the cap screw 6 extending through the slot 7a therein and the cutter being properly positioned relative to the adjusting devices, the cap with the palm rest raised, is seated thereover by bringing the enlarged end of the key-hole slot 20 over the head of cap screw 6 and then moving the base plate 11 downwardly on the cutter to bring the narrowed portion of the key-hole slot around the head 6a of the cap screw and with the beveled edges of the base plate at the end of said slot abutting against the head 6a. The palm rest 17 may now be moved downwardly this movement causing the base plate to press against and fulcrum on the abutment formed by the headed cap screw 6 and causing the pin 25 carried by the link member 19 to move in the slot 24 of lever 21 and move the cam 23 at the lower end of said lever into frictional clamping engagement with the upper face of the cutter 7 (or when a clamping plate is employed in conjunction with the cutter, into frictional clamping engagement with said plate). The pin 25 will then be beyond the dead center and the link member and clamping lever will therefore be automatically locked against accidental retracting movement. This will also hold the beveled edges of the base plate 11 at the end of the key-hole slot locked against the head 6a of the cap screw abutment thereby affording additional means for preventing movement of the base plate and cap relative to the plane body during service and retaining the cap and its parts in clamping position on the cutter. The degree of frictional clamping engagement of the cam with the cutter is such that the cutter is held fixed on its seat during ordinary service but may be adjusted relative to the cap piece and plane body at any time and by any suitable means without loosening the cap piece or moving it relative to the plane body.

To detach the cap from the plane, it is only necessary to move the palm rest upwardly from the base plate, the application of sufficient force causing the pin 25 to move in slot 24 of the lever and by frictional contact therewith move said lever and its cam end from frictional clamping engagement with the cutter 7. When this has been accomplished, the pressure against the fulcrum head 6a of the cap screw is removed and the base plate 11 may now be moved upwardly on the cutter 7 to bring the enlarged end of its key-hole slot in line with the head of the cam screw, whereupon the cap may be readily detached from the cutter and plane body.

We are aware that the broad combination of elements recited herein is described and claimed in the co-pending application of Christian Bodmer and James M. Burdick, Serial No. 708,733, and lay no claim to such broad combination, our present invention residing in the specific structure embodying such broad combination, as illustrated and described herein and as recited in the appended claims. Furthermore, we desire it understood that while we have described and shown a specific structural embodiment of cap, its structure may be varied in detail within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims.

What we claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a plane in combination, a body provided with a cutter seat, a cutter positioned thereon, an abutment carried by said body and a detachable cap comprising a base adapted to be seated over said cutter and engage the forward end thereof and also adapted to engage said abutment, and a palm rest pivotally connected adjacent one end to said base between its ends, a separately formed bell-crank lever pivotally carried by said base in rear of the pivoted end of said palm rest and intermediate the ends of the cap, said lever being provided with a cam member adapted to clamp the cutter on its seat, and said lever being actuated by the movement of said palm rest relative to said base to clamp said cutter on its seat.

2. In a plane, in combination, a body provided with a cutter seat, a cutter positioned thereon, an abutment carried by said body and a detachable cap comprising a base adapted to be seated over said cutter and engage the forward end thereof and also adapted to engage said abutment, and a palm rest pivotally connected adjacent one end of said base between its ends, a separately formed bell-crank lever pivotally carried by said base in rear of the pivoted end of said palm rest and between the ends of the cap, said lever being provided with a cam adapted to clamp the cutter on its seat, operative connections between said palm rest and said bell-crank lever whereby movement of said palm rest relative to said base actuates said lever to clamp said cutter on its seat, said base fulcruming on and being locked against said abutment when the parts are so moved.

3. In a plane, in combination, a body provided with a cutter seat, a cutter positioned thereon, an abutment carried by said body and a detachable cap comprising a base adapted to be seated over said cutter and engage the forward end thereof and also adapted to engage said abutment, and a palm rest pivotally connected adjacent one end of said base between its ends, a separately formed bell-crank lever pivotally carried by said base in rear of the pivoted end of said palm rest and between the ends of the cap, said lever being provided with a cam adapted to clamp the cutter on its seat, operative connections between said palm rest and said bell-crank lever whereby movement of said palm rest relative to said base actuates said lever to clamp said cutter on its seat, said base fulcruming on and being locked against said abutment when the parts are so moved, and said clamping lever and its connection to said palm rest automatically locking themselves against accidental retracting movement.

4. In a plane, in combination, a body provided with a cutter seat, a cutter positioned thereon, an abutment projecting upwardly from said plane body, and a detachable cap for said cutter comprising a base slotted adjacent its rear end, and adapted to be seated over said cutter and engage said abutment, a palm rest having its forward end extending through the slotted portion of said base and pivotally connected to the under side thereof and movable relative thereto, a bell crank lever pivotally mounted at the rear end of said base and extending downwardly through the slot therein and having one end formed as a cam adapted to engage and clamp said cutter on its seat, a link carried by the forward pivoted end of said palm rest, and pin and slot connections between the other end of said lever and said link whereby when said palm rest is moved relative to said base, said cam is moved into and out of clamping engagement with said cutter, said base fulcruming on and being locked against said abutment and said palm rest housing said lever and its connections against accidental displacement when the parts are moved to cutter clamping position.

JAMES M. BURDICK.
HUBERT P. RICHARDS.

Witnesses:
I. W. CHAPMAN,
W. J . WORAM.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,053,274 – Plane (James M. Burdick And Christian Bodmer) (1913)

[paiddownloads id=”688″]1053274

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JAMES M. BURDICK AND CHRISTIAN BODMER, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNORS TO THE
STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

1,053,274. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented feb. 21, 1913.
Application filed July 11, 1912. Serial No. 708,762.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JAMES M. BURDICK and CHRISTIAN BODMER, citizens of the United States, residing at New Britain, Hartford county, State of Connecticut, respectively, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to an improvement in the construction of planes, and is more particularly concerned with the construction of a detachable cap piece for the cutter or “plane iron”. In such cap pieces, it has hitherto been the practice to provide a detachable cap piece provided with means for engaging with the cutter and clamping it in position upon its seat upon the plane body.

Our invention contemplates employing such a cap piece and utilizing one of the parts thereof as a palm rest. More specifically, the invention contemplates the employement of a base plate adapted to be seated over the cutter and a relatively movable palm rest portion, the cutter clamping means being carried by said cap piece and placed in clamping position by the movement of the palm rest relative to the base plate when the cap is seated on the plane over the cutter. In such a construction the locking parts are housed within the palm rest portion of the cap and thereby protected against accidental displacement. Furthermore, the cap is locked against loosening movement on the plane after the parts have once been moved to clamping position. Such a construction is shown and broadly claimed in our co-pending application Serial No. 708,733.

Our present invention comprises a new specific embodiment of the broad combinations of structure contained in said co-pending application and comprises more especially the specific combinations of parts recited in detail in the following specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view through a standard type of plane equipped with a detachable cap constructed in accordance with the present invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through a modified form of cap detached from the plane body.

Referring to the drawings by numerals: 1 designates the body of a plane provided with side walls or flanges 2 and a detachable shoe 3 at the forward end thereof, a throat 1a being formed at the forward end of the plane and in the rear of the detachable shoe portion thereof. 4 designates a frog or seat for the forward end of the “plane iron” or cutter, and 5 an interiorly threaded boss projecting upwardly from the plane body and carrying what is commonly termed a “cap screw” 6 provided with the usual headed end 6a. An adjusting lever 10 has its forward end seated over the boss 5 and is provided with an adjusting head 10a. To the rear of said head is a second adjusting device comprising a lever member 8 plvotally mounted at its forward end in the plane body and engaged at its rear end by an adjusting nut 9. A “plane iron” or cutter 7 is seated on the body of the plane with its forward end resting upon the frog or seat A and its cutting edge projecting into the throat 1a, the intermediate portions of the cutter resting respectively over the forward ends of the adjusting lever 10 and of the second adjusting lever 8. This cutter is provided with the usual longitudinal slot 7a through which the cap screw 6 projects and through and within which the adjusting head 10a extends, and with a plurality of corrugations 7b formed in its under face which are engaged by the forward end of the adjusting lever 8 to effect vertical adjustment of the cutting edge of the cutter. The lever 10, through its adjusting head 10a, effects lateral or angular adjustment of said cutting edge.

The parts so far described are merely those of a standard type of plane which has been selected for the illustrative application of the detachable cap embodying our invention. This cap embodies a base plate 11 having its forward end beveled and adapted for engagement with the forward end of the cutter 7, and is provided with the side walls or flanges 12. A pivot pin 13 extends transversely of the base plate 11 through the side walls 12 thereof, and has pivotally mounted upon its ends the forward ends of a palm rest section 14 the rear portion of which is formed as a hollow convex body serving as a palm rest. The body of the base plate adjacent the location of the forward end of the palm rest section is provided with a key-hole slot 15, and rearwardly thereof and adjacent the end of the base plate, with a second slot 16 through which extends the lower end of a lever member 17 pivotally carried by said base plate by means of the pivot pin 18 extending transversely of the base plate between the side walls 12 thereof. The lower edge of this lever is formed as a cam 19 and its upper end is formed with a curved oifset provided with a curved slot 20 therein. Projecting downwardly from the interior face of the palm rest 14 is an arm or bracket 21 provided with a pin 22 fitting within the curved slot 20 and designed, when the palm rest section is moved relative to the base plate, to cooperate with said slot and the upper end of said lever to move the lower cam end of the lever toward and away from the upper face of the cutter 7, or, when a clamping plate is employed in connection with said cutter, toward and away from said clamping plate. The forward end of the palm rest section of the cap in alinement with the forward edge of the keyhole slot 15 of the base plate, is provided with an aperture 23 designed to lit over the head 6a of the cap screw when the palm rest is moved downwardly, the sides of the palm rest adjacent said aperture forming an annular shoulder engaging the abutment formed by the head of said cap screw.

In Fig. 2, the cap shown therein is provided with the base plate 11, side walls or flanges 12, pivot pin 13, palm rest 14 pivotally carried thereby, keyhole slot 15, a second slot 16 to the rear of said keyhole slot and adjacent the rear of the base plate, and with an aperture 23 in alinement with the forward edge of the keyhole slot, these parts being the same as those shown and described in connection with Fig. 1. The lever member 17a, however, which is pivotally mounted in the base plate by means of the pivot pin 18a and has its lower end formed as a cam 19a is provided with a rearwardly extending offset instead of the forwardly extending curved offset shown in Fig. 1. This rearwardly extending offset is provided with a curved slot 20a and an arm or bracket 21a extending downwardly from the inner face of the palm rest section 14 and carries a pin 22a engaging in and cooperating with the curved slot 20a and the upper end of the lever member 17a’ to move the lower cam end 19a of the lever into and out of clamping engagement with the face of the cutter 7.

The application and operation of both forms of cap is substantially the same, and is as follows: Assuming that the cutter 7 is seated on the plane body and its parts, as is shown in Fig. 1, the detachable cap is seated over said cutter by bringing the enlarged end of the keyhole slot 15 in its base plate 11 over the head of the cap screw 6 and then moving the base plate and its attached palm rest section upwardly on the cutter to bring the narrow portion of the keyhole slot under the head 6a of the cap screw. When this is being done, the palm rest section of the cap is in raised position, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 1 of the drawings. After the base plate has been engaged with the cutter and cap screw 6, as described, the palm rest section is swung downwardly relatively to the base plate, this movement, through pins 22–22a, swinging the lower cam edges 19–19a of the clamping levers into frictional clamping engagement with the upper face of the cutter 7 so that by the time the pins 22–22a reach the lower ends of slots 20–20a to stop the further relative movement between the palm rest and base plate, the cam ends 19–19a will have frictionally engaged and securely clamped the cutter 7 in position on the plane body. This clamping engagement is such that it holds the cutter so tightly on its seat that under ordinary service conditions, its position relative to the plane body will remain unchanged. The cutter, however, is always capable of being adjusted without in any way loosening the cap.

Owing to the engagement of the keyhole slot 15 with the cap screw 6, there is a possibility that during service the cap might be loosened and slide longitudinally of the cutter 7 despite the fact that its bottom plate is held to said cutter by the frictional engagement therewith of its clamping lever. The provision of the apertures 23 in the forward end of the palm rest section is designed to prevent any possibility of such movement, and when the palm rest is moved downwardly to actuate the clamping lever to frictional clamping engagement with the cutter, the head 6a of the cap screw projects through this aperture 23, the edges of the palm rest section adjacent said aperture forming annular shoulders engaging the abutment formed by the head of the cap screw and preventing movement of the cap relative to the plane body.

To detach the cap from the plane, it is only necessary to move the palm rest upwardly from the base plate, the application of sufiicient force causing the pin 22 or 22a to move in the curved slot of the clamping lever member and by frictional pressure, move the lower cam end of the lever out of clamping engagement with the cutter 7. When the palm rest has thus been moved upwardly and the cam end of the lever retracted from engagement with the cutter, the forward apertured end of this palm rest section will have been moved from locking engagement with the head of the cap screw, and the base plate 11 may now be moved downwardly on the cutter 7 to bring the enlarged end of the keyhole slot in line with the cap screw 6, whereupon the base plate and its attached palm rest may be removed from the cutter and plane body.

The structure of the cap and its connections is susceptible of modification within the spirit of our invention and the scope of the appended claims.

What we claim, therefore, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a plane, in combination, a body provided with a cutter seat, a cutter positioned thereon, an abutment carried by said body and a detachable cap comprising a base adapted to be seated over said cutter and engage the forward end thereof and also adapted to engage said abutment, and a palm rest pivotally connected adjacent one end to said base between its ends, a separately formed cam lever being pivotally carried by one of said parts in rear of the pivoted end of the palm rest and having a curved slot therein, and a pin being carried by the other of said parts and being seated in said curved slot whereby the movement of said palm rest relative to its base actuates said cam lever to clamp said cutter on its seat.

2. In a plane, in combination, a body provided with a cutter seat, a cutter positioned thereon, an abutment carried by said body and a detachable cap comprising a base adapted to be seated over said cutter and engage the forward end thereof and also adapted to engage said abutment, and a palm rest pivotally connected adjacent one end to said base between its ends, a separately formed cam lever being pivotally carried by one of said parts in rear of the pivoted end of the palm rest and having a curved slot therein, and a pin being carried by the other of said parts and being seated in said curved slot whereby the movement of said palm rest relative to its base actuates said cam lever to clamp said cutter on its seat, the end of said palm rest being provided with a shoulder adapted to engage said abutment upon such movement to thereby lock the cap against movement relative to the abutment and its plane body.

JAMES M. BURDICK.
CHRISTIAN BODMER.

Witnesses:
I. W. CHAPMAN,
W. J. WORAM.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,053,270 – Plane (Christian Bodmer And James M. Burdick) (1913)

[paiddownloads id=”687″]1053270

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHRISTIAN BODMER AND JAMES M. BURDICK, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNORS TO THE
STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

1,053,270. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Feb. 18, 1913.
Application filed July 10, 1913. Serial No. 708,733.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, CHRISTIAN BODMER and JAMES M. BURDICK, citizens of the United States, residing at New Britain, Hartford county, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to planes and particularly to an improved form of “plane iron” or cutter cap.

In planes heretofore it has been customary to provide the cutters or “plane irons” with a detachable cap piece adapted to be seated thereover and provided with means for clamping the cutter in its adjusted position on its seat.

Our invention contemplates forming such a detachable cap with a plurality of relatively movable parts, one of which constitutes a palm rest, the cap being provided with means cooperating in one position of the parts to clamp the cutter in position on its seat against accidental displacement and to hold the cap against movement when in such locking position. The clamping of the cutter on its seat is such that it may be adjusted through suitable means without disturbing the position of the cap parts which will act to hold the cutter in its new position against accidental displacement.

In the specific embodiment of the invention selected for illustration, the parts easily susceptible of accidental actuation are housed within the palm rest when the cap is seated over the cutter in clamping position, and are thereby protected against accidental actuation to destroy the adjustment. In addition the positioning of the parts of the cap over the cutter to hold the same upon its seat against accidental displacement serves to retain the cap on the cutter against displacement relative thereto and to the plane, although, of course, adjustment of the cutter itself is possible as already stated. These and other advantages will be seen from the more detailed description following and from the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through a standard type of plane equipped with one form of detachable cutter cap constructed in accordance with our invention. Fig. 2 is a bottom plan view of the cap shown in Fig. 1, detached from the plane. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section through a detachable cap of slightly modified form with the parts thereof in locking position and the cooperating parts of the plane omitted, the palm rest being shown in dotted lines in raised unlocked position. Fig. 4 is a partial end view of the cap shown in Fig. 3, the palm rest being raised. Fig. 5 is a bottom plan view of the cap shown in Figs. 3 and 4. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of another modified form of cap. Fig. 7 is a fragmentary plan view of a cap illustrating a modified form of locking abutment shoulder.

Referring to the drawings by numerals: 1 indicates the body of a plane of conventional design and 2 the side flanges or walls thereof. 3 denotes a detachable shoe carried by the forward end of the plane body, a throat 1a being formed in the body adjacent and to the rear of said shoe.

4 indicates a frog or se-at for the end of the cutter and 5 an interiorly apertured and threaded boss projecting upwardly from the body of the plane intermediate its ends and to the rear of the frog or seat 4. Screwed into the threaded aperture of and extending from the boss 5, is what is commonly termed a “cap screw” 6 forming an abutment for the cap. A plane iron or cutter 7 provided with the usual longitudinal slot 7a and corrugations 7b on its under face, is seated on the plane body with its forward end resting upon the frog 4 and its cutting edge extending into and through the throat 1a. The corrugated under face of the cutter 7 rests upon and is engaged by the toothed end of a pivoted adjusting lever 8 having a cooperating actuator member 9 and designed to be operated to effect vertical adjustment of the cutting edge of the cutter 7 in the usual manner. An adjusting lever 10 is mounted upon the boss 5 and carries an adjusting head 10a which fits through the longitudinal slot forming the cutter, and is adapted to be moved through the lever 10 to effect angular adjustment of the cutting edge of the cutter 7. The cutter itself rests on the plane body with its forward edge supported on the frog or seat 4 and its intermediate portions seated over the ends of adjusting levers 10 and 8. The cap screw 6 extends up through the longitudinal slot 7a formed in the cutter and is provided with the usual shouldered head 6a.

The parts so far described are merely those of a standard type of plane selected as a type appropriate for use with the detachable cap embodying our invention. This cap is preferably formed of either cast iron or steel, or of a combination of both. In Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings we have shown a cap as formed of cast iron and in Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6 the cap shown therein illustrates the article as made from steel. Referring more specifically to the construction shown in Figs. 1 and 2, this cap embodies a base plate 11 having a beveled forward edge 11a and side walls 12 extending around the edges of the plate from its forward end. A slot 13 is formed in and extends longitudinally of the base plate from its rear end and terminates at its outer end in a key-hole slotted portion 14. Intermediate of its ends, base plate 11 is formed with bearings 15 projecting inwardly from the side walls 12 and serving as journals for pivot pins 16 on which are pivotally mounted the forward end portions 17 of a hollow convexed body 18 forming a palm rest. A lever 19 extends within the slot 13 adjacent its rear end and is pivotally mounted upon the base plate by means of the pivot pin 20 extending transversely of the base at such point and mounted in the side walls 12 thereof. The lower edge of this lever 19 is formed as a cam 21 and its upper end is shouldered at 22 and a link 23 pivoted thereto at 24. The other end of this link is pivotally carried at 26 by a bearing bracket 25 extending from the under face of the palm rest 18. This palm rest at its forward end and in alinement with the forward or narrow end of the key-hole slot 14, is provided with an aperture 27 designed to fit over the head 6a of the cap screw, the edges of the palm rest adjacent said aperture forming an annular shoulder engaging the abutment formed by the head of said cap screw.

In the operation of the cap thus described, the cutter 7 being seated in proper position on the plane body with its cutting edge suitably adjusted, the base plate is seated over the head of the cap screw 6 with the enlarged portion of the key-hole slot over the head of the screw 6 and is moved upwardly to bring the narrowed portion of the key-hole slot 15 under the head of the cap screw 6. The palm rest 18 (which, when the cap is being mounted on the plane, is in raised position such as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 1), is now moved downwardly toward the cutter 7 and base plate 11. This movement of the palm rest will, through the connecting link 23, move the lower cam edge 21 of the lever 19 forwardly and into frictional contact with the upper face of cutter 7 (or when a clamping plate is employed in conjunction therewith, into contact with said clamping plate). This action of the cam 21 will cause the cutter to be clamped upon its seat against accidental adjustment destroying movement. The clamping action is such that the cutter is held on its seat with enough force to maintain such position thereon during ordinary use, but as before stated, it can always be adjusted when so held without loosening the cap. The parts are so constructed that during such positioning of the palm rest 18 to effect this clamping action the pivot. 26 will be brought below the “dead center” line between pivots 24 and 16 thereby frictionally locking the parts in such cutter clamping position, the upper end of the link 23 abutting against the under face of the palm rest 18 and preventing further downward movement.

Owing to the engagement of the key-hole slot 14 with the cap screw 6, there is some possibility of the cap loosening and drawing back during use. To prevent such action the palm rest 18 when the parts are moved to clamp the cutter on its seat, moves its aperture 27 over the head 6a of the cap screw so that the sides of the palm rest adjacent said aperture form an annular locking shoulder engaging the abutment formed by the head of said cap screw. As this cap screw is fixed relative to the body of the plane it is evident that movement of the cap relative to said body is impossible.

In the form of the cap shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 5 of the drawings, the cap comprises a base plate 28 having its forward edge shaped for engagement. with the forward edge of the cutter and provided with tianges or side walls 29. A pivot. pin 30 extends transversely of the body of the base plate and between its side walls 29 and serves to pivot on said body the forward ends of a hollow convened body 32 forming a palm rest. The body of the base plate 28 at a point adjacent the said end of the palm rest 32 is provided with a key-hole slot 31 and adjacent its rear end and between its side walls 29 is provided with a second slot 33 through which extends the lower end of a lever 34 pivotally mounted adjacent its lower edge by pivot pin 35 carried by the side walls 29 and extending transversely of the base plate. The lower edge of this lever 34 is formed with a cam 36 and at its upper end, the lever is shouldered at 37. Complemental links 38 are pivotally secured to the upper end of lever 34 by means of the pivot pin 39. These links at their other ends are secured to a bearing bracket 40 carried by the palm rest 32, a pivot pin 41 serving to pivotally attach the forward ends of these links to said bearing bracket. The front end of the palm rest 32 in line with the forward or neck portion of the key-hole slot 31, is provided with an aperture 42 designed, when the palm rest is moved from the position indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 3 to that shown in full lines, to rest over the head 6a of the cap screw 6 of the plane. The action and operation of this form of cap is the same as that of the form shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the two forms differing in detail of construction only.

In Fig. 6 we have shown a further and more radical modification. In the two forms heretofore described, the link connections between the cam lever and the palm rest are locked against accidental retraction when the cap is seated on the plane in cutter clamping position, this being effected in part by the fact that the pivots 26 and 41 of these two respective forms are moved beyond “dead center” when the cap is moved to cutter clamping position. In the present modification, the base plate 43 is provided with side flanges or walls 44, a key-hole slot 45 and a second and rearward slot 46 through which a lever 49 projects, a pivot pin 50 serving to pivotally connect the lower end of the lever to the side walls 44 of the base plate and the parts so far described corresponding substantially to those shown and described in Figs. 3 and 4. At its lower edge the lever 49 is provided with a cam 51 and is shouldered adjacent its upper end at 52, and a link 54 pivotally connected to said upper end by the pivot pin 53. The hollow convened palm rest 48 is pivotally connected to the base plate 43 by means of the pivot pin 47 extending transversely thereof and through the forward ends of its side walls 44. From its interior face and intermediate its ends, a bearing bracket 56 extends and the other and forward end of the link 54 is pivotally connected to this bearing bracket by means of the pivot pin 55. Adjacent its forward end and in line with the forward end of the key-hole slot 45, a palm rest is provided with the locking aperture 57 corresponding in location and action with those shown in the other figures of the drawing. In the use of this modified form of cap, when the base 43 has been seated on the plane body in the usual manner and moved to bring the narrow portion of its key-hole slot 45 under the head of the cap screw 6, the palm rest 48 is moved downwardly relatively to the base plate 43; this movement, through the connecting link 54, swings the lower end of the lever 49 forwardly to bring its cam end 51 into frictional clamping engagement with the upper face of the cutter, further downward movement on the part of the palm rest being prevented by the engagement of the forward end of the link 54 with the upper face of the body of the base plate 43. When the parts are so moved, the aperture 57 in the forward end of the palm rest, will be seated over the head of the cap screw thereby locking the cap against movement relative to said screw. The frictional engagement of the cam end 51 of lever 49 retains said lever and its actuating link in locking position.

In the forms previously described, the cap has been locked against loosening movement by the fact that apertures formed adjacent the forward end of the palm rest section. of the cap have been seated over the head of the cap screw, the sides of the palm rest section adjacent such apertures forming annular locking shoulders. In Fig. 7 we have shown a modification of this locking feature wherein the locking aperture is omitted and a single lip or locking shoulder provided. Referring specifically to Fig. 7, 58 indicates the base plate of a detachable cap and 59 the palm rest section thereof pivotally connected thereto at 60. 61 indicates the forward end of a key-hole slot formed in the base plate, the position of the head of the “cap screw” being indicated in dotted lines at 62. The forward edge of the palm rest section is provided with a central lip or shoulder 63 which, when the cap is seated in cutter clamping position will move down over and abut against the edge of the screw head and lock the cap against displacement relative thereto during service.

In order to detach a cap from the plane, it is only necessary to move the palm rest upwardly from the base-plate, the application of sufiicient pressure thereagainst serving through the connecting links to move the lower cam end of the lever from frictional clamping engagement with the cutter 7. When the palm rest has been thus moved upwardly, the forward apertured or shouldered end of the palm rest section will have been moved out of locking engagement with the head of the cap screw and the base plate may now be moved to bring the enlarged end of its key-hole slot in line with the cap screw 6, whereupon the base plate and its attached palm rest may be removed from the cutter and plane body.

While we have herein described and illustrated specific embodiments of our invention, various modifications thereof are possible within the spirit of the invention and of the appended claims.

What we claim is:

1. In a plane, in combination, a body provided with a cutter seat, a cutter positioned thereon, an abutment carried by said body, and a detachable cap comprising a base adapted to be seated over said cutter and engage the forward end thereof and also adapted to engage said abutment, a palm rest pivotally connected adjacent one end to said base between its ends, and a separately formed cutter clamping member carried by one of said parts in rear of the pivoted end of said palm rest and intermediate the ends of the cap, said member being actuated by the movement of said palm rest relative to said base to clamp said cutter on its seat.

2. In a plane, in combination, a body provided with a cutter seat, a cutter positioned thereon, an abutment carried by said body, and a detachable cap comprising a base adapted to be seated over said cutter and engage the forward end thereof and also adapted to engage said abutment, a palm rest pivotally connected adjacent one end to said base between its ends, and separately formed and cooperating cutter clamping members connected to said base and palm rest and in rear of the pivoted end of said palm rest and intermediate the ends of the cap, said members being actuated by the movement of said palm rest relative to said base to clamp said cutter on its seat.

3. In a plane, in combination, a body provided with a cutter seat, a cutter positioned thereon, an abutment carried by said body, and a detachable cap comprising a base adapted to be seated over said cutter and engage the forward end thereof and also adapted to engage said abutment, a palm rest pivotally connected adjacent one end to said base between its ends, and a separately formed cutter clamping member carried by one of said parts in rear of the pivoted end of said palm rest and intermediate the ends of the cap, said member being actuated by the movement of said palm rest relative to said base to clamp said cutter on its seat, and said palm rest engaging said abutment to lock said cap against movement relative to said abutment and plane body.

4. In a plane, in combination, a body provided with a cutter seat, a cutter positioned thereon, an abutment projecting from said body, and a detachable cap comprising a slotted base adapted to be seated over said cutter to engage said abutment with said abutment projecting through the slot therein, a palm rest pivotally connected adjacent one end to said base, a cam member pivotally carried by said base in rear of the pivoted end of the palm rest, connections between said cam member and said palm rest operative by the movement of said palm rest relative to said base, to actuate said cam member to frictionally clamp said cutter on its seat, said palm rest being provided with an abutment positioned by said locking movement to engage the plane body abutment to thereby lock said base and palm rest against movement relative to said abutment and plane body, said cam member and its connections being so positioned by such locking movement of the palm rest as to automatically lock themselves against accidental retracting movement.

5. In a plane, in combination, a body provided with a cutter seat, a cutter positioned thereon, an abutment projecting upwardly from said body, and a detachable cap comprising a slotted base adapted to be seated over said cutter to engage said abutment with said abutment projecting through the slot therein, a palm rest pivotally connected to said base, a lever pivotally carried by said base and provided with a cam at its lower end, a link pivotally connected to the upper end of said lever and to said palm rest adapted, when said palm rest is moved relative to the base, to actuate said lever and bring its cam in frictional clamping engagement with said cutter, said palm rest being provided with a shoulder adapted to be positioned by said locking movement to engage said abutment and thereby lock said base and palm rest against movement relative to said abutment and plane body, and said link and lever being positioned by such movement to automatically lock themselves against accidental retracting movement.

CHRISTIAN BODMER.
JAMES M. BURDICK.

Witnesses:
ALBERT W. PECK, Jr.,
I. W. CHAPMAN.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,048,455 – Plane (James M. Burdick) (1912)

[paiddownloads id=”686″]1048455

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JAMES M. BURDICK, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE &
LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

1,048,455. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Dec. 24, 1912.
Application filed July 11, 1912. Serial No. 708,840.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES M. BURDICK, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, Hartford county, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Irnprovements in Planes, of winch the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to an improvement in the construction of planes, and is more particularly concerned with the construction of a detachable cap piece for the cutter or “plane iron”. In such cap pieces, it has hitherto been the practice to provide a detachable cap piece provided with means for engaging with the cutter and clamping it in position upon its seat upon the plane body.

My present invention contemplates employing such a cap piece in the form of a main body portion provided with a palm rest and carrying a relatively movable clamping member adapted to be positioned to engage and clamp the cutter on its seat and to lock said cap piece against movement relative to the plane body.

In the drawings illustrating a preferable embodiment of the invention: Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through a standard type of plane equipped with a detachable cap constructed in accordance with the present invention. Fig. 2 is a top plan view of said cap removed from the plane body.

Referring to the drawing by numerals: 1 designates the body of a plane provided with side walls or fianges 2 and a detachable shoe 3 at the forward end thereof, a throat 1a being formed at the forward end of the plane and in the rear of the detachable shoe portion thereof. 4 designates a frog or seat for the forward end of the “plane iron” or cutter, and 5 an interiorly threaded boss projecting upwardly from the plane body and carrying what is commonly termed a “cap screw” 6 provided with the usual headed end 6a. An adjusting lever 10 has its forward end seated over the boss 5 and is provided with an adjusting head 10a. To the rear of said head is a second adjusting device comprising a lever member 8 pivotally mounted at its forward end in the plane body and engaged at its rear end by an adjusting nut 9. A “plane iron” or cutter 7 is seated on the body of the plane with its forward end resting upon the frog or seat 4 and its cutting edge projecting into the throat 1a, the intermediate portions of the cutter resting respectively over the forward ends of the adjusting lever 10 and of the second adjusting lever 8. This cutter is provided with the usual longitudinal slot through which the cap screw 6 projects and through and within which the adjusting head 10a extends, and with a plurality of corrugations 7b formed in its under face which are engaged by the forward end of the adjusting lever 8 to effect vertical adjustment of the cutting edge of the cutter. The lever 10, through its adjusting head 10a, effects lateral or angular adjustment of said cutting edge.

The parts so far described are merely those of a standard type of plane which has been selected for the illustrative application of the detachable cap embodying the invention. This cap is formed as a main body portion comprising a base portion 11 adapted to be seated over the cutter and having side walls or flanges 12 extending longitudinally thereof and beyond the end of the base portion 11, said flanges being widened and joined to form the rounded hollow palm rest 13. The base portion 11, at its rear end, is formed with a slot 11a and with spaced ears 14 extending upwardly from said base portion at the rear end thereof and positioned on either side of said slot. Intermediate its ends, and forward of the ears 14, the base portion 11 is provided with a key-hole slot 15. A clamping lever 16 is pivotally mounted adjacent its rear end between the ears 14, said end extending downwardly between the ears 14 and through the slotted portion 11a and being formed at its extremity as a cam 18. This lever 16 extends forwardly to a point adjacent the key-hole slot 15 and is provided at its forward end with an upwardly extending handle or finger piece 19 and adjacent said handle, with a locking shoulder 20 extending downwardly therefrom. This shoulder is posi-
tioned to lie in substantial alinement with the rear end of the narrowed portion of the key-hole slot 15. The main body portion, with its ears 14, side walls 12 and rearward extension 13 forming the palm rest, may be, and preferably is, formed as an integral structure.

With the foregoing construction of the parts in mind, the application and operation of the cap is as follows: Assuming that the cutter 7 is seated on the plane body as shown in Fig. 1 with the cap screw 6 extending up through its slotted portion 7a, the detachable cap is seated over the cutter by bringing the enlarged end of the key-hole slot 15 in its base over the head of the cap screw 6 and then moving the body portion upwardly to bring the narrowed portion of the slot under the head 6a of the cap-screw. When this has been done, the operator grasps the handle 19 of the clamping lever and moves it downwardly to bring the cam 18 into frictional clamping engagement with the upper face of the cutter 7 (or, when a clamping plate is employed in conjunction with the cutter, with the upper face of said clamping plate). When the cam has been thus moved to clamping engagement with the cutter, the locking shoulder 20 will have been moved over the head 6a of the cap screw and will abut and be locked thereagainst by reason of the frictional engagement of the cam 18 with the cutter 7. From this, it will be evident that the cutter is firmly held on its seat and that the cap cannot be accidentally moved longitudinally of the plane body to break the clamping engagement of the cam 18 therewith. The frictional clamping engagement of the cam with the cutter is such that it is sufficient to retain the cutter fixed on the seat under ordinary conditions of service, but permits adjustment of the cutter by suitable means without disturbing or loosening the cap.

While I have shown and described a specific embodiment of a detachable cap, various modifications and changes in structure thereof are possible within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim, therefore, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In a plane, in combination, a plane body provided with a cutter seat, a cutter positioned thereon, an abutment carried by said plane body, and a detachable cap for said cutter comprising a main body portion adapted to be seated over said cutter and a palm rest connected to said main body portion and a relatively movable member carried by said body portion and adapted to be positioned to engage and clamp said cutter on its seat and to engage said abutment and lock said body portion against movement relative thereto and to said plane body.

2. In a plane, in combination, a plane body provided with a cutter seat, a cutter positioned thereon, an abutment carried by said body portion, and a detachable cap for said cutter comprising a base adapted to be seated over said cutter to engage said abutment and a paim rest extending rearwardly of said base, and a clamping lever pivotally carried by said cap and formed for simultaneous engagement with said abutment and said cutter whereby said lever may be actuated to engage and clamp said cutter on its seat and also to simultaneously engage said abutment and lock said body portion against movement relative to said plane body.

3. In combination with a plane body provided with a cutter seat and with an upwardly projecting abutment, a detachable cutter cap comprising an integral body portion embodying a base adapted to be seated over the plane cutter and to engage said abutment, and a portion extended rearwardly of said base to form a palm rest, and a lever pivoted adjacent one end to said rearwardly extending portion and having said pivoted end provided with a cutter-clamping cam and having its outer end formed with a locking shoulder adapted to engage said plane abutment when said lever is moved to cutter clamping position, thereby locking said body portion against movement relative to said abutment and to said plane body.

JAMES M. BURDICK.

Witnesses:
I. W. CHAPMAN,
W. J. WORAM.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

Corrections in Letters Patent No.1,048,455.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,0143,455, granted December 24, 1912, upon the application of James M. Burdick, of New Britain, Connecticut, for an improvement in “Planes,” an error appears in the printed specification requiring correction as follows: Page 2, line 50, after the word “cutter” insert the words to engage said abutment; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 28th day of January, A. D., 1913.
[SEAL]

C. C. BILLINGS,
Acting Commissioner of Patents.

No. 1,042,139 – Tongue-And-Groove Plane (Albert A. Page) (1912)

[paiddownloads id=”685″]1042139

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ALBERT A. PAGE, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO SARGENT & COMPANY,
OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

TONGUE-AND-GROOVE PLANE.

_________________

1,042,139. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Oct. 22, 1912.
Application filed September 23, 1911. Serial No. 650,904.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT A. PAGE, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of New Haven, State of Connecticut, have invented new and useful Improvements in Tongue-and-Groove Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to reversible or invertible tongue and groove planes, and the primary object of the invention is to provide a tool of this sort which is practically as handy and convenient in use as the well known tongue cutting planes and grooving planes in which the tongue cutting function and the groove cutting function are not combined.

It is also aimed to produce a plane of this kind which is not only handy and well balanced but also of comparatively light, simple and inexpensive construction. The main advantage of the improved tool resides, however, in the fact that it provides a very convenient and satisfactory grip for the workman, whether used for tongue cutting or grooving, and that it is peculiarly compact, and has the respective cutters so arranged as to do the most effective work.

In these drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the plane; Fig. 2, a plan view of the edge adapted to fit the groove; Fig. 3, a plan view of the edge adapted to form and engage the tongue; and Fig. 4, a cross section on the line x–x of Fig. 1.

In all figures, similar letters of reference represent like parts.

Referring to the drawing, the open skeleton frame constituting the stock is shown at 1. This frame comprises parallel lower and upper edge portions 4, 5, of which the former acts as a bearing surface when cutting the tongue, while the latter serves as a bearing surface in cutting the groove. These parallel bearing portions of the skeleton frame are connected at the ends of the plane, preferably in an integral manner, by handle or grip portions 2, 3, respectively. These handle or grip portions, while slightly curved in a longitudinal direction and of appropriate cross-section, in order to form a convenient and satisfactory grip for the hand of the workman, are generally parallel with respect to each other and form, in connection with the parallel bearing portions, 4, 5, a stock of substantially rhomboidal shape.

Projecting inwardly from the respective bearing portions 4, 5, are lugs or brackets 13 and 15 respectively against which the respective bits 8 and 14: are positioned. The supporting brackets or lugs 13 and 15 are preferably formed integrally with the bearing portions 4 and 5 and are equipped with flat bearing surfaces for the bits, which bearing surfaces are directed parallel to each other and substantially parallel with one of the diagonals of the rhomboidal figure formed by the intermediate open space between the handles 2 and 3. By placing the supporting brackets and the bits in superposed relation, as shown, with one bracket and its bit placed oppositely with respect to the other bracket and bit as regards the diagonal aforesaid, it is possible to shorten the plane materially while still providing for the location of the cutting edges of the respective bits at the proper distances from the respective ends of the plane. In other words, by this construction I am enabled to provide an efficient plane of minimum length wherein the distance from each cutter to one end of the plane bears such a ratio to the distance from said cutter to the other end of the plane that the bearing portions 4, 5, coact properly and effectively with the respective bits.

The bearing portion 4 is provided at one side with a relatively short depending flange 6 creating a groove 7 into which projects the tongue cutting bit 8, the cutting end of which is recessed at 9 in order to form the tongue in well known manner. The bit 8 is positioned relatively to its support 13 by means of a lever pivoted at 12 and bearing against the bit at one end, while the opposite end carries a clamping screw 10 coacting with the bit in well known manner. The bearing portion 5 is provided with a groove 20 and with a flange 19 alined with the cutting edge 21 of the bit or cutter 14. This bit or cutter is positioned relatively to its support 15 by means of a lever 16 pivoted at 17 and having a clamping screw 18.

The operation of the device is as follows: When it is employed for forming and planing the tongue in the edge of the work, the latter is engaged with the groove 7 and the grip member 2 engaged by the hand of the operator. In the operation of the device in this position the slot 9 will leave a central unplaned space on the edge of the board of the desired width of the tongue and in the continued movement of the plane the portions on either side of this space will be planed down so as to form a tongue of the proper width. After the tongue has been formed it is merely necessary to reverse the plane edge for edge and grasp the grip member 3 by the hand and apply the rib 19 to the opposite edge of the board or edge of another board, and then operate the plane for the purpose of forming the groove, the cutter 21 engaging said edge and forming the groove.

By forming the plane of substantially rhomboidal shape a most satisfactory grip may be afforded by the handles 2 and 3. By locating the bits and bit supports in the manner described the construction of the tool is simplified and its expense lowered, and in addition to this, the tool is made light and well balanced, and is especially effective in operation.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is :–

l. An invertible or reversible tongue and groove plane comprising parallel oppositely located bearing portions, handle members joining the respective ends of the respective bearing portions and forming in conjunction with said bearing portions a skeleton frame or stock of substantially rhomboidal form, separate bit supports projecting from the respective bearing portions into the inner open portion of the frame or stock, said bit supports being arranged in superposed relation and having bearing surfaces directed substantially parallel to one of the diagonals of the rhomboidal opening of the frame or stock, and bits clamped on the respective bearing surfaces and cooperating with the respective bearing portions; substantially as described.

2. An invertible or reversible tongue and groove plane comprising parallel oppositely located bearing portions, handle members joining the respective ends of said bearing portions and forming in conjunction therewith a skeleton frame or stock of approximately rhomboidal form, bit supports formed integrally with the respective bearing portions and extending therefrom into the inner open portion of the frame or stock, and bits clamped on the respective bit supports, substantially as described.

3. ln an invertible or reversible tongue and groove plane, an open skeleton frame formed of oppositely arranged parallel bear-
ing portions and handle members connecting the respective bearing portions at the ends of the plane, approximately parallel bit supports extending inward from the respective bearing portions into the inner opening of the frame, said bit supports being arranged in superposed relation and having their bit supporting surfaces opposing or facing each other, and bits clamped on said surfaces and cooperating with the respective bearing portions, substantially as described.

ln witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand on the 21st day of September, 1911.

ALBERT A. PAGE.

Witnesses:
HENRY H. MUNSON,
CARL W. CARLSON.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,032,346 – Plane (Edmund A. Schade) (1912)

[paiddownloads id=”684″]1032346

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

EDMUND A. SCHADE, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE &
LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

1,032,346. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented July 9, 1912.
Application filed November 1, 1911. Serial No. 657,934.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDMUND A. SCHADE, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful lmprovements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in planes, and particularly to that type of plane in which the main body or stock is formed of wood.

My improvement aims at providing an improved construction for reinforcing the wood stock at the weakest point, namely, at the throat opening, where much of the wood is out away. Incidentally, but none the less important, the means for reinforcing the wood body cooperates in an improved manner with other new features of construction to hold the frog or cutter carrier seat securely in position.

ln the drawings Figure 1 is a plan view of a part of a plane, constructed to embody my invention, the frog and plane iron being removed, the ends of the main reinforcement being broken away. Fig. 2 is a section on the line x–x Fig. 1, showing the cutter carrier, or frog, in place. Fig. 3 is a relatively enlarged sectional view of a detail of construction, on the section y–y Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a plan view of a modification of the same detail. Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the modified detail shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a sectional view of still another modification of the same detail.

1 represents the main body or stock of a plane, the same being of substantial length, breadth and thickness, and being formed of wood. At an intermediate point in the length of the main body the stock is cut away down to the throat passage 2 to form a space for the plane iron and for the clearance of shavings. This cut-away portion always tends, in planes of this character, to substantially weaken the stock 1. To reinforce and strengthen said stock 1, I apply to the top side thereof a metal bracing or reinforcing piece of peculiar design, including a relatively wide plate 3 terminating in relatively narrowed-in extensions 4–5.

6–7 are integral upright reinforcing ribs bordering the sides of the reinforcing plate and bridging the plane iron passage in said plate and also in said stock. These ribs 6–7 give great rigidity to the reinforcing plate, so that when the same is properly secured to the stock 1, the weakened part thereof, as before pointed out, will be adequately strengthened so as to prevent all danger of breakage.

The usual hand grips may be provided at each end of the plane, the forward grip being shown at 8, the rear grip being omitted for want of room on the drawings.

Both ends of the reinforcing plate are secured to the wood stock 1 by means of screws 9–10. It is obvious that unless the middle portion of the reinforcing plate 3 is adequately secured to the stock, that the latter will not be properly braced. Hence I have provided means which not only serve to secure the plate at a middle point, between the screw fastenings 9–10, to the wood stock, but also serve to effectively hold the frog in any of the adjusted positions without strain upon the reinforcing plate.

11 represents the cutter support or frog, which in general is of well known design, and hence needs no detailed description. 12 represents the base of said frog. In this base, at each side, are provided screw-slots or passages, one of which appears in the upper portion of Fig. 1. Directly under these passages, and securely anchored in the wood stock 1, are cylindrical anchor blocks 13–13 drilled and tapped to receive the clamping screws 14, one of which appears in Fig. 2. The screws 14 pass through longitudinal slots in the frog, and enter the anchor blocks 13. These anchor blocks 13–13 may be shaped on the outside in any desired way, so long as they may be securely embedded and retained in the wood stock 1 in a rigid manner. For example, in the drawings, Figs. 1 to 3, each block 13 is shown as having an external coarse thread, which permits said block to be screwed into the wood stock 1. When said block is screwed down firmly in place, it is held against turning preferably by a pin 15, which acts as a key. The outer side of each block may have one or more vertical grooves or key-ways to permit one side of said key pin 15 to project partly into said anchor block when the latter has been screwed home.

ln Figs. 4 and 5, I have shown a slight modification of the anchor block, in which the outer wall thereof is unthreaded and arranged to be forced directly into a bore in the stock 1. In this modiiication the block is indicated at 13a and is held in place by means of wood screws 16, the upper end of the block being cut away or notched to permit part of the screw-head of each screw 16 to enter the notch and hold the block down in place and at the same time prevent it from turning with the clamping screw 14.

In Fig. 6, I have shown another modification of the block, said block being indicated at 13b, the same being similar to the block 13a with the exception that the outer side is provided with a coarse thread. In this instance the block is held in place against vertical displacement by the screw-threads and against turning by screws 16–16, as in Fig. 5.

The effect of this combination of parts is as follows: When the reinforcing plate is applied to the base 1, it is held at its ends by the screws 9–10, and, while an additional screw or screws may be provided whenever desired, the same are unnecessary, in view of the fact that when the frog 11 is in place and is clamped down by the screws 14, the drag of said screws tends to hold not only the frog 11 tightly on the reinforcing plate 3, but also holds the reinforcing plate 3 rigidly down upon the stock 1. By this arrangement, a long screw-bearing is provided for the clamping screws 14, as would not be the case if the screws 14; relied alone upon threads cut in screw passages on the comparatively thin reinforcing plate 3, for in such a case there would be danger of stripping the threads. Not only is it important to secure a firm and effective anchorage for the clamping screws 14 for the purpose of holding the clamping plate 3 tightly to the stock 1, but it is also important for the purpose of holding the frog 11 tightly upon its seat so as to prevent all danger of chattering of the plane iron. It is clear that it is of the greatest advantage to secure the plate 3 to the wood stock 1 directly at, or as near as possible to, the point where the strain occurs. Since the anchor blocks 13–13 are arranged closely adjacent to the rear of the plane iron passage in the reinforcing plate, it is obvious that a maximum of resistance to strains is adorded at this point, whereby the frog, top iron and stock 1 are securely braced at a point close to the mouth or cutter passage.

From the foregoing it will be observed that the plane of stress of the clamping screw or screws is always within the zone of resistance against upward movement of the means for holding the anchoring device, and it is also apparent that the plane of stress of said clamping screws is in advance of the rear fulcrum of the frog, hence the frog cannot by any possibility yield and chatter by any upward pressure applied to the front portion of the frog, as when the plane is in use.

What I claim is:

In a plane of the character described, a wood stock having a cutter passage extending through the same from the top to the bottom at a point intermediate its ends, an anchoring means rigidly embedded in said stock close to the rear of said cutter passage, means for holding said anchoring means from movement in any direction in said stock, a frog mounted on said stock at the rear of said cutter passage, and a clamping screw passing through said frog and arranged to screw into said anchoring means, said frog having a longitudinally slotted passage for said clamping screw to permit adjustment fore and aft, the plane of stress of said clamping screw being with-
in the zone of resistance to upward movement of the anchor holding means and forward of the rear fulcrum of said frog.

EDMUND A. SCHADE.

Witnesses:
I. W. CHAPMAN,
W. J. WORAM.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,026,636 – Plane (Christian Bodmer) (1912)

[paiddownloads id=”683″]1026636

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHRISTIAN BODMER, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE &
LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

1,026,636. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented May 14, 1912.
Application filed July 26, 1911. Serial No. 640,618.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHRISTIAN BODMER, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full clear and exact description.

My invention relates to an improvement in planes, the object of the invention being to provide a simple and efficient plane construction which may be used for the purpose of accurately truing up or squaring up the edges of boards. Where heretofore various more or less complex constructions, including separate attachments, have been provided in conjunction with plane bodies for accomplishing this purpose, in the present invention the plane body itself is of unique construction, being integral throughout, the handle portion being so arranged that the pressure applied to the plane is in such a direction relatively to the work being done that said plane naturally seeks a true position upon the board being planed.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a plan view of the plane complete, ready for use and practically full size. Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is a front end elevation.

The frame is made of a single body casting and comprises two right-angle side fianges 1–2, which furnish the two right-angle bearing faces 1a–2a respectively. The flange 1 is continued upwardly at its front end to form an inclined and rearwardly facing thumb-rest 3. To the rear of the thumb-rest 3 and back of the middle line of the plane is a palm-rest 4 formed by a cross-web or flange set at an angle on the upper end of flange 1 and projecting above flange 2. This palm-rest is bulged to conform to the palm of the hand, so that the position of the hand upon the plane body will be such that pressure applied will cause both bearing surfaces 1a–2a to press uniformly upon the surface and edge of the board being planed. Upon the outer side of the plane is supported at a proper angle a cutter 5. The side flange 1 is provided with a throat, preferably oblique, in which throat the cutting edge of the plane iron or cutter 5 stands.

6 is a cap detachably held at the middle by the usual screw 7. 8 is a clamp screw at the rear of the cap, for causing said cap to properly engage the cutter to hold it tightly upon its support and in its properly adjusted position. The palm-rest 4 is preferably connected with the flange 2 by means of flanges or ribs 9–10, formed by widening the ends of the cross-web and which serve to rigidly hold the two flanges against distortion.

11 is a lug to support the cutter at its side edge to prevent it from turning during the progress of the work. The width of the cutter is such that it extends the full width of the bearing surface 1a.

12 is a reinforcing rib, which bridges the plane body at the end of the throat in which the cutter stands, so as to stiffen the same at this otherwise weakened point, due to forming the throat. The rib 12 is preferably extended around the forward end of the plane and also rearwardly back to the bulged palm support or bearing.

What I claim is :–

1. As an article of manufacture, a one-piece metal casting forming the body of a plane and comprising a work collocating tool guiding flange and a slotted tool carrying flange extending therefrom and forming a right angle, and an integral palm rest arranged at the rear end of said casting extending outwardly from and obliquely to the line of junction of said flanges and formed by a cross-web or fiange set at an angle on the upper edge of the tool carrying flange and which projects above the first mentioned flange.

2. As an article of manufacture, a one-piece metal casting forming the body of a plane and comprising a work collocating tool guiding flange and a slotted tool carrying flange extending therefrom and forming a right angle, and an integral palm rest arranged at the rear end of said casting extending outwardly from and obliquely to the line of junction of said flanges and formed by a cross-web or flange set at an angle on the upper edge of the tool carrying flange and which projects above the first mentioned flange, the ends of said web being widened to form flanges across the latter flange.

CHRISTIAN BODMER.

Witnesses:
JOSEPH M. HANCE,
CLARENCE L. BENEDICT.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,026,053 – Router-Plane Cutter (Thomas Benjamin Saner) (1912)

[paiddownloads id=”682″]1026053

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

THOMAS BENJAMIN SANER, OF CLIFTON, ARIZONA, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE &
LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

ROUTER-PLANE CUTTER.

_________________

1,026,053. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented May 14, 1912.
Application filed December 19, 1911. Serial No. 666,763.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS B. SANER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Clifton, county of Graham, State of Arizona, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Router-Plane Cutters, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in router planes, and consists principally in an improved form of cutter therefor.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of a router plane with my improved cutter in place. Fig. 2 is a central vertical section. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the cutter foot, the shank being in section.

1 represents the main body of a router plane, the particular form of which is immaterial.

2 represents an upright cutter support or guide preferably provided with a screw thread 3 and an adjusting nut 4.

5 is the shank of the cutter.

6 is the foot of the cutter. The foot of the cutter projects forwardly and is pointed, as at 7. Leading back from the point 7 are two beveled inclines 8–8 on the top side of the foot, thereby forming two sharp cutting edges. The underside of the foot is, as shown in Fig. 2, pointed downwardly slightly, so that the toe end or point 7 will easily enter the wood to be cut. The guide 2 extends well down to the heel of the plane iron, as shown in sectional View Fig. 2; hence, the plane iron is given a powerful support throughout its length.

9 is a clamp, of any suitable form, for securing the cutter to the support 2. A part of the nut A projects into a notch at the back of the shank 5 of the cutter, so that as the nut is screwed up and down, the cutter will be correspondingly moved to vary the position of the point 7 of the cutter relatively to the sole of the plane.

As will be seen, in a cutter such as described, when the same is used in routing the material which is to be worked upon, an easy entrance into the material is guaranteed by the point 7. A double draw cut, which is the most effective in operation, is likewise secured by forming the point 7 substantially midway between the side edges of the foot 6. This arrangement has the further advantage of preventing any tendency toward deflecting that might otherwise exist. Again, when working across the grain, I have found by the use of this new type of cutter, all tendency to tear the wood is avoided. It is preferable that that part of the underside of the foot or toe immediately to the rear of the point 7 should be formed in a plane only slightly oblique to the sole of the plane body.

What I claim is:

In a cutter for a rabbet plane, a shank portion, a foot portion at the lower end of said shank portion and extending at an angle thereto, the toe of said foot portion being pointed, the opposite oblique sides of said foot being beveled on the top to form two oppositely arranged cutting edges, the underside of the toe immediately to the rear of the pointed cutting end being formed in a plane only slightly oblique to the sole of the plane body with which said cutter may be used whereby the two opposite side cutting edges and the pointed cutting end will lie in a substantially horizontal working plane.

THOMAS BENJAMIN SANER.

Witnesses:
EARL E. EATON,
H. W. EDWARDS.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,021,369 – Plane (Thomas A. Manley) (1912)

[paiddownloads id=”681″]1021369

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

THOMAS A. MANLEY, OF AUBURN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO OHIO TOOL COMPANY, OF AUBURN, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

PLANE.

_________________

1,021,369. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Mar. 26, 1912.
Application filed January 18, 1912. Serial No. 671,879.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS A. MANLEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Auburn, in the county of Cayuga and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in planes, and has for its object to provide novel, simple, convenient and effective means for adjusting the plane-frog longitudinally for facilitating the setting of the bit or plane iron in different positions in the throat of the plane body.

A further object is to provide novel and simple means for locking the frog after the same has been adjusted. And a particular object of the invention is to provide convenient and effective means for adjusting and locking the frog without disturbing the plane iron and related parts.

The various features and parts and the operation of the same, will be fully set forth in the detailed description which follows, illustrated in the accompanying drawing, and then particularly pointed out in the claims.

Figure 1 is a side elevation and part section of my complete plane. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section, taken on line 2–2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-section, taken on line 3–3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section similar to Fig. 2; showing a modification of the locking and adjusting means. Fig. 5 is a vertical cross-section, taken on line 5–5 of Fig. 4.

Similar characters of reference designate like parts throughout the several views.

In the drawing, 2 represents the body of the plane, 3 the sole, 4 the throat or mouth, and 5 the cheeks or lateral guards which are formed integral with the body. The rear side or edge of the throat 4 is formed sharp and thin, and then the metal inclines upwardly and rearwardly at a slight angle for forming a smooth bearing surface 6 which extends across the upper side of the sole 3, to receive a correspondingly formed forwardly projecting portion 7 of the frog 8. The frog 3 consists of an irregularly shaped casting or part having a rearwardly and upwardly inclining top surface 9, for receiving and supporting the plane iron or bit 10, and having a substantially plain horizontal bottom 11, which bears and slides upon a comparatively long elevated step or portion 12, preferably an integral part of the body of the plane. The elevation or seat 12 is disposed a short distance rearwardly of the inclined bearing 6, and its top surface lies in a higher plane than the said bearing. The under side of the frog is correspondingly shaped, so that when the bottom 11 of the frog rests upon the elevation 12, the forward end 7 approaches close to the sloping surface 6. 13 represents like inwardly facing angular ribs or tongues formed horizontally on the cheek pieces 5, directly above the opposite side-edges of the elevated bearing 12, and 14 represents hollow corners or grooves formed in the opposite bottom corners of the frog, the said hollow corners preferably being formed right-angled, so as to clear the ribs 13 when the frog is moved to and fro over the body of the plane. The tongues or ribs 13 are triangular in cross-section, and preferably extend the length of the elevated bearing 12, and they are disposed parallel to said bearing, so that the frog, when operatively connected with the tongues, may be freely moved forward and backward in a true and level plane. The tongues 13 are of sufficient length and strength to effectually hold the frog from chattering while the plane is in operation.

To hold the frog 8 in place on the base 2, and yet allow said part to be freely moved to and fro for adjusting the cutting-blade or bit 10 relatively to the throat 4, the underside of the frog is provided with a broad transverse dove-tail groove or slot 15, in which is operatively fitted a pair of correspondingly shaped keys or locking members 16–17. The keys 16–17 are disposed end to end, in the slot or way 15, and their combined length is slightly less than the breadth of the bearing surface 12 beneath the tongues or guides 13, the outer ends of the keys 16–17 then project beyond each side of the bottom of the frog, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. The outer ends of the keys 16–17 are beveled to correspond to the under-cut sides of the tongues 13 (see Fig. 3). The abutting ends of the keys 16–17 are provided with transverse concaves 18, the said concaves tapering toward the forward end of the frog.

19 represents a set-screw having a tapering point 19′ extending beyond the threads, the said point being tapered to correspond to the concaves 18 of the keys. The set-screw 19 passes through a threaded hole 20 formed in the rear portion of the frog (see Figs. 1 and 2), the hole 20 being arranged to bring the set or locking screw 19 into coincidence with the abutting ends of the keys 16–17. When the keys 16–17 are brought together, the opposite concaves 18 form a tapering hole corresponding to the tapering point 19′ of the set-screw. In practice, the length of the tapering end of the screw 19 is such that its point 19′ normally projects part way into the tapering hole 18 between the ends of the keys. To lock the frog in any adjusted position the wedge screw 19 is driven inwardly until its tapering end 19′ spreads and forces the keys 16–17 in opposite directions against the beveled under-sides of the tongues or ribs 13 (see Fig. 3). Any desired pressure or tension may be produced by means of the wedging of the screw 19 between the abutting ends of the keys 16–17. The said keys are preferably broad enough to insure a firm bearing beneath and against the tongues 13, and will hold the frog rigidly in place. By the provision of the beveled ends of the keys 16–17, when the screw 19 is driven inwardly for spreading said keys, they exert a downward pressure which forces and holds the frog rigidly against the bearing surfaces of the elevated seat 12. When the keys are made as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, they are not liable to wear seats in the under-side of the ribs 13, which will interfere with the line and accurate adjustment of the frog. In practice the key 16 is made longer than the key 17, so as to bring the abutting ends (18) to one side of the longitudinal center of the body 2. Under this arrangement the screw 19 may be readily manipulated without interference by the handle 21 or the bit adjusting-screw 22.

To assemble the frog and plane body, the frog is inserted between the cheeks 5 just forwardly of the tongues 13, and when brought to the proper position the projecting beveled outer-ends of the keys 16–17 may be entered underneath the tongues 13, after which the frog may be moved rearwardly until brought to the desired position. In constructing the plane body and the frog, the tongues 13 and the hollow-corners 14 are arranged so that the bottom 11 of the frog will rest firmly upon the upper surface of the elevated seat 12.

To adjust the frog to and fro longitudinally, I provide an adjusting screw 25 which enters a threaded hole 26 in the rear side of the frog 8 above the bottom 11. The screw 25 is preferably positioned at one side of the longitudinal center of the plane, so as to facilitate adjusting the frog without interference by the handle 21 or other parts of the plane. The screw 25 is held from longitudinal movement by means of a yoke 27 which forms the upright arm of an L-shaped bracket 28 which is mounted upon the upper side or face of the sole 3, by means of a screw or pin 29. The screw 25 has a circumferential groove 25′ to receive the yoke 27. When the screw 25 is turned in either direction by hand or by means of a screw-driver, it will move the frog to and fro longitudinally on the base 2. The provision of the guide tongues 13 and the corresponding beveled keys 16–17 will prevent vertical movement of the frog, as well as, lateral and longitudinal rocking of said part relative to the base, and this arrangement also insures the smooth, free and true horizontal movement of the frog on the elevated bearing surface 12. The provision and arrangement of the tongues 13 and the locking keys or members 16–17 will also effectually obviate the chattering of the bit when the plane is operated over hard or burly wood.

Figs. 4 and 5 illustrate a modification of the adjusting and locking parts, and also a slight modification of the form and arrangement of the bottom of the frog 8′. The lower side corners of the frog 8′ are provided with annular grooves 14′, which conform to the shape of the tongues 13′ (see Fig. 5). The locking means comprise apair of like round keys or pins 30 and 31 which are loosely disposed in a hole 32 which passes transversely through the lower portion of the frog. The outer ends of the pins or keys 30 and 31 are beveled to correspond to the under-out sides of the guide ribs 13′, and their combined length is slightly less than the distance between the ribs 13′, for permitting endwise adjustment, the same as the keys 16–17. The keys 30 and 31 are preferably the same length, and their inner ends meet at the transverse center o-f the frog. The abutting ends 33 of the keys 30–31 are formed concave, and taper forwardly, similar to the construction shown and described for the keys 16–17. To lock the frog 8′ from longitudinal movement, I provide a screw 34 which enters a threaded hole 35 formed centrally in the rear-part of the frog 8′. The inner end of the screw 34 is provided with a tapering point 36, which is arranged to enter the tapering concaves arranged in the abutting ends of the keys 30 and 31 for wedging them apart. When the screw 34 is driven inwardly the point 36 spreads the keys 30–31 and forces said keys laterally for tightly engaging the underside of the ribs 13′. When the screw 34 is driven tightly between the keys, the frog 8′ will be held from longitudinal movement. The arrangement of the dove-tail tongues 13′ and the similar grooves 14′ is such that, the frog cannot be moved vertically until it is withdrawn free from the ribs. To adjust the frog 8′ to different positions longitudinally, the screw 34 is first loosened up, and then the frog may be shifted to and fro, and set in the desired position, by hand.

The plane iron or bit 10 is provided with the usual guard plate 37, and is held in place by a cap 38, which is fitted with the usual clamping part 39.

40 represents a screw carried by the frog for engaging the cap 38. The adjusting screw 22 is employed for shifting the plane iron longitudinally on the frog, and a lever 41 is employed for adjusting the plane iron laterally.

The locking means comprising the keys and the wedge screws are extremely simple, yet affording powerful means for locking the frog to the frame. When these parts are properly made and assembled, but a slight movement of the screws 19 and 34 in either direction will effect the rigid locking or the unlocking and freeing of the frog. The broad keys 16–17 cooperating with the side ribs 13 tend to steady the frog during its forward and backward movements. The disposition of the screws 19 and 25 at or near the sides of the plane render the locking and adjusting parts conveniently accessible, and in view of the location and arrangement of these parts the locking and adjusting of the frog may be accomplished without disturbing the plane-iron or any other part.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. In a plane, the combination with a sole having a throat and an elevated seat arranged rearwardly of said throat, of a frog having a plane bottom adapted to rest and slide upon said seat, said frog having longitudinal grooves formed in its opposite bottom corners, a pair of angular tongues carried by the body of the plane, said tongues received by said grooves, and adjustable means carried by said frog adapted to engage said tongues for guiding and locking said frog.

2. In a plane, the combination with a sole having a throat and an elevated seat arranged rearwardly of said throat, of a frog having a plane bottom adapted to rest and slide upon said seat, said frog having longitudinal grooves formed in its opposite bottom corners, a pair of angular tongues carried by the body of the plane, said tongues received by said grooves, adjustable means carried by said frog adapted to engage said tongues for guiding said frog, and a screw cooperating with said means for locking said frog rigidly to the elevated seat.

3. In a plane, the combination with a sole having a throat and an elevated seat arranged rearwardly of said throat, of a frog having a plane bottom adapted to rest an slide upon said seat, said frog having longitudinal grooves formed in its opposite bottom corners, a pair of angular tongues carried by the body of the plane, said tongues received by said grooves, adjustable means carried by said frog adapted to engage said tongues for guiding and locking said frog, and a swivel-screw for adjusting said frog to different positions on said sole.

4. In a plane, the combination with a sole having spaced cheek pieces and having an elevated seat between said cheek pieces, of horizontal guide-ribs formed on the inner sides of said cheek pieces above and parallel to the said seat, a frog having a plane bottom slidable upon said seat, the opposite lower corners of said frog cut away to clear said ribs, a pair of keys disposed end to end in a transverse slot formed in the bottom of said frog, said keys having their outer ends beveled to pass under and to engage said ribs, and a tapering screw for spreading said keys apart for locking the frog to said ribs.

5. In a plane, the combination of a sole having a transverse throat and an inclined bearing adjacent the throat, and having an elevated seat adjacent the inclined bearing, triangular ribs formed above and parallel to the said elevated seat, a frog having a plane bottom surface adapted to engage and slide upon said elevated seat between said ribs, said frog having portions out-away for clearing said ribs, and a pair of transversely movable keys carried by said frog adapted to engage said ribs for guiding and also for locking said frog.

6. In a plane, the combination of a frame comprising a sole and spaced cheek pieces, a raised seat formed on the sole between the cheek pieces, an inwardly facing tongue carried by each cheek piece disposed horizontally above said raised seat, said tongues having their facing sides under-cut, a frog slidable on the said raised seat between the said tongues, but free from said tongues, transversely movable keys carried by the frog having beveled outer ends adapted to slide beneath the under-out sides of said tongues for guiding said frog when moved to and fro on said seat, and a wedge-screw carried by said frog adapted to force and hold said keys against said tongues for locking said frog from movement in any direction.

7. In a plane, the combination with a body having an integral elevated seat lying between like cheeks projecting upwardly on its opposite sides, and ribs formed on the inner sides of said cheeks and overhanging said elevated seat, said ribs disposed parallel to the said elevated seat and also to the sole of the body, of a frog having a plane bottom surface adapted to engage and slide upon the said elevated seat, said frog having its opposite bottom corners. cut-away to receive said ribs, and means carried by said frog adapted to engage said ribs for holding said frog from vertical movement.

8. In a plane, the combination of a frame comprising a sole and spaced cheek pieces, a raised seat formed on the sole between the cheek pieces, an inwardly facing; tongue carried by each cheek piece disposed horizontally above said raised seat, said tongues having their facing sides under-cut, a frog slidable on the said raised seat between the said tongues, but free from said tongues, transversely movable keys carried by the frog adapted to slide beneath the under-cut sides of said tongues for guiding said frog when moved to and fro on said seat, a wedge-screw carried by said frog adapted to force and hold said keys against said tongues for locking said frog from movement in any direction, and a swivel-screw for adjusting said frog to different positions in the said frame.

9. In a plane, the combination with a body having an integral elevated seat, said body having like cheeks projecting upwardly on its opposite sides, and ribs formed on the inner sides of said cheeks and overhanging said elevated seat, said ribs disposed parallel to the said elevated seat and also to the sole of the body, of a frog having a plane bottom surface adapted to engage and slide upon the said elevated seat, said frog having its opposite bottom corners cut-away to receive said ribs, means carried by said frog adapted to engage said ribs for guiding said frog during its longitudinal movements, and means for adjusting said frog to different positions on said elevated seat.

10. In a plane, the combination of a body having vertically disposed lateral guards, ribs carried by the inner faces of said guards, said ribs arranged parallel to the sole of said body, an elevated step disposed beneath and parallel to said ribs, a frog having a substantially flat bottom adapted to rest and slide upon said elevated step, the opposite sides of said frog cut-away to clear said ribs, transversely disposed keys carried by said frog, the outer ends of said keys projecting beyond said frog adapted to engage the under-cut edges of said keys for holding said frog firmly upon said step, said keys and said ribs cooperating for guiding said frog when moved to and fro on said body, and a wedge-screw carried by said frog adapted for spreading said keys for rigidly locking said frog to the said ribs.

11. In a plane, the combination of a sole having a transverse throat and an inclined bearing adjacent the throat, and having an elevated seat adjacent the inclined bearing, triangular ribs disposed above and parallel to the said seat, a frog having a plane bottom surface adapted to engage and slide upon said seat between said ribs, a pair of keys carried by said frog adapted to engage said ribs for guiding and also for locking said frog, and a screw for adjusting said frog to different positions relative to said throat.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

THOMAS A. MANLEY.

Witnesses:
G. W. BAYNON,
N. L. CASEY.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,012,591 – Plane (Christian Bodmer And Edmund A. Schade) (1911)

[paiddownloads id=”680″]1012591

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHRISTIAN BODMER AND EDMUND A. SCHADE, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNORS TO THE
STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY , OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

1,012,591. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Dec. 26, 1911.
Application filed July 28, 1911. Serial No. 641,094.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, CHRISTIAN BODMER and EDMUND A. SCHADE, citizens of the United States, residing at New Britain, county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

Our invention relates to a new type of plane adapted to a wide range of work but especially adapted to enable the user to form shallow mortises for hinges, lock face plates, latch strike-plates and the like, with the greatest ease and accuracy. The tool is also designed in such manner that hinge mortises in the jamb and on the edge of a door may be formed without the necessity of using a butt gage, since the plane is equipped with a gage that obviates the use of a separate instrument for the marking out of the mortises. The construction is also such that a mortise may be readily formed in a rabbeted door jamb close to the face of the strike or stop, while the cutter arrangement and length of the plane allows of the forming of a mortise from one and a half inches in length to six inches in length, and also within a few inches, for example, five inches, of the upper casing or lower sill of a door casing. By a very simple adjustment, mortises longer than six inches may be made. The plane may also be used to advantage as a router, and, in the particular form shown herein, can effectively work two inches below the sole of the tool, thus giving a greater range of effective operation than possible with the ordinary router plane. With this outline, it will be seen that the plane is capable of a wide range of usefulness.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a side elevation of the plane. Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof. Fig. 3 is a section on the line x–x, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a side elevation of a detail. Fig. 5 is a section on the line y–y Fig. 4, looking up. Fig. 6 is a plan view of the cutter detached.

1–1a represent the two end sections of the sole of the plane.

2 is a connecting arch extending vertically from the plane of the sole sections 1–1a.

3 is a connecting arch extending horizontally from the sole sections 1–1a.

4 is a chip clearance passage between the arches 2–3.

5 is an upwardly extending tubular guide sleeve located above the arch 2.

6–6a are oppositely facing handles mounted on the two end sections 1–1a of the sole.

7–7a are bosses screw-threaded to receive horizontally extending guide rods 8–8a, when it is desired to use a gage.

9 represents a side gage having sleeves 10–10a arranged to slide upon the rods 8–8a respectively. The lower side of the arch 3 is smoothed off to form a continuation of the two sole sections 1–1a and to give a bearing of substantial width.

12 is a cutter connected to the lower end of an adjustable and slidable carrier post 13. This carrier post is mounted to slide up and down in the guide sleeve 5. The upper end of the carrier 13 is threaded and is provided with an adjustable stop 14 threaded thereon so that by rotating said stop, the downward projection of the carrier post 13 and cutter is limited.

15 is a spring arranged to press the carrier post 13 downwardly. In the preferred arrangement, this spring 15 is coiled around said post and rests at its upper end underneath the arch 2 and at its lower end against a washer 16, which may be rigidly connected to said post 13.

17 is a set screw which enters the guide sleeve 5 laterally, the inner end bearing against the carrier post 13 so that by setting up on said set-screw said post and cutter may be held against sliding movement up and down.

In the particular form shown, it will be seen that the side of the cutter carrier post 13 is provided with a plurality of longitudinal grooves 18–18.

19 is a spline carried by the guide 5, and in this instance hinged so as to be operated by a finger piece 20, said spline being suitably spring-pressed, as by a spring 21, to hold the spline projected into one of the grooves 18. In this instance, the spline and grooves are so placed that the cutting edge of the cutter 12 may be projected toward either end of the plane or laterally in either direction relative thereto. The cutter is preferably detachably connected to the carrier post 13 and is also preferably pitched downward at a slight angle. In this instance, the cutter has its upper surface cross-knurled, the lower end of the guide 13 being correspondingly knurled, so that by the aid of a fastening screw 22, said cutter may be rigidly secured to the lower end of the carrier post. As shown in Fig. 4, the cutter may have two screw passages, whereby, when the forward or cutting edge of the cutter, is worn back, the connection of the cutter to the carrier may be effected by passing the screw 22 through the second or rearmost screw passage.

In forming an ordinary shallow mortise for a hinge strike-plate or lock face-plate, incisions may be made by an ordinary chisel to determine merely the end lines of such a mortise. The gage 9 may be properly set and the cutter carrier post properly set so that it will project the cutter to the desired depth of said mortise, and no more. This being determined, the tool is then applied to the wood, and is preferably started close to the end line of the mortise facing the cutting edge of the cutter. A short chip is then taken. The operator works the plane back step by step until by taking out a succession of short chips he approaches the opposite end line of the mortise, whereupon, by pressing in on the finger-piece 20, the spline 19 is retracted and the cutter may be reversed to the position opposite from that shown in Fig. 1, whereupon the balance of the mortise may be formed without reversin the position of the plane on the piece being cut. During this operation, the cutter yieldingly engages the wood by reason of the spring pressure of spring 15, and will cut down to a depth corresponding to the desired depth of the mortise, at which depth it will be checked by the stop 14 aforesaid. When at the limit of this depth, the bottom of the mortise may be smoothed off by long strokes, so as to properly receive the part to be applied therein. By making the cutter carrier post 13 itself reversible, it is possible to work the tool in either direction in forming a mortise, without disturbing the position of the guide, and hence preserving the proper position of the cutter relatively to the mortise being formed. When the tool is to be used as a router, in some instances it is desirable to shift the tool so that the cutter will stand at right angles to the position shown in Fig. 1. This may be easily accomplished by releasing the spline 19 and shifting said carrier post 13 to the proper position. For routing at considerable depth, it may be desirable to lock the cutter post firmly against vertical movement. This may be accomplished by setting down upon the screw 17.

Obviously, cutters 12 of varying width may be substituted, depending upon the particular work to be performed and the character of wood to be operated upon.

In the above and in a variety of other ways, a mechanic skilled in the art of wood working will find this tool exceedingly useful and capable of performing, quickly and accurately, work which no other tool of the plane type is capable of performing.

What we claim is:

1. In a plane, two oppositely faced connected sole sections, an arch connecting said sections, a reversible cutter carrier, a guide in said arch for said cutter carrier, and means to permit said cutter carrier to move up and down in said guide during the operation of the plane, and disengageable means to hold said carrier against rotation at such times.

2. In a plane, two oppositely faced connected sole sections, an arch connecting said sections, a cutter carrier, a guide in said arch for said cutter carrier, means to permit said cutter carrier to yield longitudinally, said means including a spring for forcing said cutter carrier downwardly.

3. In a plane, two oppositely faced connected sole sections, an arch connecting said sections, a cutter carrier, a guide in said arch for said cutter carrier, means to permit said cutter carrier to yield longitudinally, said means including a spring for forcing said cutter carrier downwardly, and an adjusting stop coacting with said cutter carrier to check said downward movement.

4. In a plane, two oppositely arranged connected sole sections, an arch connecting said sections, an adjustable and reversible cutter carrier in said arch, and a cutter mounted on said carrier in the archway of said arch and a second arch horizontally arranged and constituting a continuation of said sole sections.

5. In a plane, two oppositely arranged connected sole sections, an arch connecting said sections, an adjustable and reversible cutter carrier in said arch, a cutter mounted on said carrier in the archway of said arch, a guide in said arch for said cutter carrier in which said cutter carrier is slidably mounted to permit said cutter to move up and down, and a spring operating to move said cutter in a downward direction and a stop to limit the downward movement of said carrier.

6. In a plane, two oppositely arranged connected sole sections, an arch connecting said sections, an adjustable and reversible cutter carrier in said arch, a cutter mounted on said carrier in the archway of said arch, a guide in said arch for said cutter carrier in which said cutter carrier is slidably mounted to permit said cutter to move up and down, a spring operating to move said cutter in a downward direction, and an adjustable stop mounted on the upper part of said carrier.

7. In a plane, two oppositely arranged connected sole sections, an arch connecting said sections, an adjustable and reversible cutter carrier in said arch, a cutter mounted on said carrier in the archway of said arch, a guide in said arch for said cutter carrier in which said cutter carrier is slidably mounted to permit said cutter to move up and down, a spring operating to move said cutter in a downward direction, an adjustable stop mounted on the upper part of said carrier, and a set screw in said guide to lock said carrier against movement.

8. In a plane, two oppositely arranged connected sole sections, an arch connecting said sections, an adjustable cutter carrier in said arch, a cutter mounted on said carrier in the archway of said arch, and a second arch horizontally arranged and constituting a continuation of said sole sections.

9. In a plane, two oppositely arranged connected sole sections, an arch connecting said sections, an adjustable cutter carrier in said arch, a cutter mounted on said carrier in the archway of said arch, a second arch horizontally arranged and constituting a continuation of said sole sections, and means for connecting a substantially flat cutter to the lower end of said carrier at an angle slightly out of the plane of the bottom of the sole sections.

CHRISTIAN BODMER.
EDMUND A. SCHADE.

Witnesses:
JOSEPH M. HANCE,
TREDICK K. HINE.

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Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 992,392 – Woodworking-Tool (John Tucholski And Antoni Edmond Koziczenski) (1911)

[paiddownloads id=”679″]992392

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN TUCHOLSKI AND ANTONI EDMOND KOZICZENSKI, OF RACINE, WISCONSIN.

WOODWORKING-TOOL.

_________________

992,392. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented May 16, 1911.
Application filed April 30, 1910. Serial No. 558,576.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOHN TUCHOLSKI and ANTONI EDMOND KOZICZENSKI, both citizens of the United States, and residents of Racine, in the county of Racine and State of Wisconsin, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Woodworking-Tools; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

Our invention consists in what is herein particularly set forth with reference to the accompanying drawings and pointed out in the claim of this specification, its object being to provide simple, economical and efficient tools of the spoke-shave species designed to facilitate smoothing, rabbeting and molding work without injury to operators, as well as to provide for accurate gaging of width of cut in rabbeting and molding operations, whether said tools be drawn or pushed by their operators as the grain of the wood worked upon may require.

Figure 1 of the drawings represents a front elevation of a wood-working tool in accordance with our invention having a wedge clamping screw thereof partly broken away, and in this view the cutting of a rabbet is illustrated; Fig. 2, a plan view of the tool; Fig. 3, a similar view of the same reversed, and Fig. 4, a transverse section of said tool indicated by 4–4 in Fig. 2.

Referring by numerals to the drawings, 5 indicates the central stock, and 6 each of the oppositely extending handles of our improved tool said stock and handles being preferably cast together in one piece. The sole 7 is a central depending extension of the stock, whereby more than ordinary clearance is had under the handles, in order to prevent injury to the hands of an operator and to avoid marring of the work adjacent to a out of said tool, especially when the same is used upon curved work.

A longitudinal slot is provided in the forward portion of the stock through a depending flange 8 of the same, the under extremity of this flange being approximately flush with the sole, and said stock is provided with an angular bit and wedge opening such as is common in planes of various species. The bit 9, wedge 10 and clamp screws 11, 12 for the same herein shown, are also common in the art.

Matching the preferably beveled rear edge of the sole 7, we show hook-ends 13 of gage-bars 14, and each of these bars is provided with a socket-stud 15 that engages the slot 16 of the forward flanged portion of the tool-stock. The contour of each gage-bar stud and the tool-stock slot is such that there is wedging fit of one within the other, and a clamp-screw 17 is employed in engagement with said stud to draw and hold the same in said slot, the gage-bar being adjustable longitudinally of the sole (across which it extends) in proportion to the width of cut desired on the part of the bit in rabbeting or molding operations. By the employment of a pair of gage-bars, as is herein shown, adjusted equi-distant from the sides of the opposing sole, the tool may be drawn or pushed by an operator when cutting rabbets or moldings according as the grain of the wood worked upon is found to run one way or the other, said tool being turned about from time to time to change the cutting direction of its bit.

A straight edge bit being employed, as herein shown, the width of a rabbet may be accurately determined by an adjustment of one or both of the gage-bars 14, and the cutting of the rabbet can be more rapidly and accurately effected than is possible by chiseling. For smooth-work or wide molding, the gage-bars are omitted from the tool and said tool manipulated similar to those of the ordinary spoke-shave species, but to greater advantage because of the clearance afforded for the hands of the operator as above specified.

We claim:

In a woodworking tool of the spoke-shave species, the combination with its central stock having a forward depending and longitudinally slotted flange the under extremity of which is approximately flush with the sole of said stock, a gage-bar that crosses the aforesaid sole and has matching hook engagement with the same at the rear thereof, a socket-stud that extends from the gage-bar and has wedging fit with the slot of the stock-flange, and a clamp-screw engaging the stud.

In testimony that we claim the foregoing we have hereunto set our hands at Racine in the county of Racine and State of Wisconsin in the presence of two witnesses.

JOHN TUCHOLSKI.
ANTONI EDMOND KOZICZENSKI.

Witnesses:
CHRISTIAN JOHNSON,
MICHAEL OKOLEURKI.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 987,081 – Plane (Edmund A. Schade) (1911)

[paiddownloads id=”678″]987081

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

EDMUND A. SCHADE, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

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987,081. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Mar. 14, 1911.
Application filed December 27, 1910. Serial No. 599,481.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDMUND A. SCHADE, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to an improved frog adjustment for a bench plane, whereby the frog, which is the means for supporting the plane iron, may be readily adjusted to and fro, and which, when locked in position, is rigidly held in such a manner as to reduce to a minimum any chance of slippage or displacement.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a plane showing my improved adjustment. Fig. 2 is a section on the plane of the line x–x, Fig. 1, looking from left to right. Figs. 3, 4 and 5 are detail views. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section of part of a plane of slightly modified construction from that shown in Fig. 1, my invention being applied thereto. Fig. 7 is a cross section on the line y–y of Fig. 6, looking from right to left. Fig. 8 is a longitudinal section of a part of a plane of another modified form. Fig. 9 is a cross section on the line z–z Fig. 8, looking from left to right. Fig. 10 is a longitudinal section illustrating still another modification. Fig. 11 is a cross section thereof on the line w–w looking from right to left.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 5, 1 represents a sole of an iron bench-plane which may be, as to general details, of conventional form. 2 is a frog bearing, in this particular instance formed on an incline directly to the rear of the throat 3. 4 is a frog adjustably mounted on the support 2 for movement to and fro relatively to the throat 3. 5 is a plane iron. 6 is a cap of conventional form and by which the plane iron may be clamped to the frog 4. The invention in this case resides primarily in the means for adjustably securing the frog 4 to the frog support 2. In this instance the frog is provided with two longitudinal slots or passages 7 in which stand clamping or gripping studs 8–8. These studs are headed, the headed portions standing above the slots, the opposite ends projecting down into cavities or recesses in the support 2. Each stud is transversely recessed toward its lower end, as indicated at 9. 10 is what I will term a cam stud, there being one for each gripping stud 8. The cam studs are arranged in the support 2, suitable bores being provided therefor, the rear ends of said studs being arranged to receive a suitable tool, for example, a screw driver, the forward end of each cam stud being provided with an eccentric projection or cam 11. This cam 11 projects into the recess 9 of the respective gripping stud. 12 is a slot in the side of each cam stud. Entering from the side of the plane is a locking screw 14, the same being so arranged relatively to the slotted portion 11 of the cam stud that the forward ends of each screw 14 will engage the wall at the base of the recess 12 at one side of, or eccentric to, the axis of the cam stud.

In the operation of the parts thus far described, it will be seen that by rotating the cam stud in the proper direction, the cam 11 will engage with the wall at the lower end of the recess 9 in the gripping stud so that said gripping stud will be pulled down into firm gripping engagement with the frog 4. To give a further set to the cam and to guarantee against disengagement, the screw 14 may be turned in until its nose engages eccentrically said cam stud, tending to turn it in a direction to increase the tension of the cam on the gripping stud and also preventing any rotation of the cam stud in a reverse direction to release said gripping stud. I have found, by this means, that the frog may be very quickly and easily adjusted, and, at the same time, when locked in position, is held with exceeding rigidity.

In the other views I have shown slight modifications. For example, in Figs. 6 and 7 I have shown the frog 4a as mounted upon a support 2a having a two-point bearing for the frog. In this case as before, the frog is held by means of gripping studs 8a operated by cam studs 10a which are in turn controlled by screws 14a.

In Figs. 8 and 9 I have shown a modification in which instead of providing the gripping studs 8 for holding the frog to its seat, I have provided the frog 4b with a plate-like extension 8b which is preferably cast into the frog, so as to be a permanent part thereof, said plate 8b having passages to receve the cam ends 11b of the cam studs 10b. In this case, as previously, the side screws 14b may be employed to cooperate with the cam studs for the same purpose as before.

In Figs. 10 and 11 I have shown a modification more particularly of the construction shown in Fig. 8 in that instead of anchoring the aforesaid plate in the frog, I have anchored a similar plate in the frog support. In these views, 8c represents said plate anchored in the support 2c, and in this case the cam studs 10c are carried in passages in the rear of the frog 4c, the cam ends 11c engaging the walls of the slot in the plate 8c in the same manner as the cam ends 11b engage the walls of the slot in the plate 8b, shown in Figs. 8 and 9. Here again take-up screws are employed, the same being indicated at 14c. In this case the take-up screws are carried by threaded bores in the sides of the frog, suitable windows or clearance openings 15 being provided in the cheek pieces of the plane to permit a screw driver to be entered sufficiently to engage the slotted ends of said screws 14c for the purpose of operating the same.

In both forms of devices shown in Figs. 8 to 11, a suitable clearance space is provided for the plates 8b and 8c respectively whereby there may be a relative movement between said plate and the part carrying the cam screw. In these cases, the cam ends 11b and 11c respectively should be of sufficient length to engage the plates 8b and 8c respectively in all of the various positions of adjustment.

What I claim is:

1. In a plane, a main body portion having a throat therein, a frog support at the rear of said throat, a frog adjustable to and fro thereon, a locking means for holding said frog in different positions of adjustment comprising a clamping member operatively engaged with one of said parts, means for operating said clamping member carried by the other part and comprising a rearwardly projecting cam stud coacting with said clamping member, and a lock and tightener for said cam stud, said lock and tightener comprising a laterally projecting exposed screw engaging said cam stud in a direction to turn the same as said lock and tightener is advanced.

2. In a plane, a main body portion having a throat therein, a frog support at the rear of said throat, a frog adjustable to and fro thereon, a locking means for holding said frog in different positions of adjustment comprising a clamping member operatively engaged with one of said parts, means for operating said clamping member carried by the other part and comprising a rearwardly projecting cam stud coacting with said clamping member, a lock for said cam stud, said lock comprising a laterally projecting exposed screw, and a shoulder on one side of said cam stud eccentric thereto, said screw engaging said eccentric shoulder and pressing against the same in a direction to turn said cam stud so as to more tightly engage the clamping member.

3. In a plane, a body portion having a throat, a frog support at the rear of said throat, a frog adjustable to and fro on said support and relatively to said throat, a clamping member carried by said frog and projecting into said support, said support having a recess therefor, a cam stud carried in said support and exposed at its rear end, an eccentric pin extension at the forward end of said stud eccentrically engaging said clamping member, and a lock screw for engaging said clamping stud at one side and arranged laterally thereto.

4. In a plane, a body portion having a throat, a frog support at the rear of the throat, a frog mounted for adjustment to and fro on said support, said frog having a fore and aft slot therein, a clamping stud passing downwardly through said slot into said support, an operating device for said clamping stud comprising a cam stud mounted in said support, an eccentric pin projection at the forward end of said cam stud eccentrically engaged with said clamping stud, and a lock for said cam stud.

5. In a plane, a body portion having a throat, a frog support at the rear of the throat, a frog mounted for adjustment to and fro on said support, said frog having a fore and aft slot therein, a clamping stud passing downwardly through said slot into said support, an operating device for said clamping stud comprising a cam stud mounted in said support, an eccentric pin projection at the forward end of said cam stud eccentrically engaged with said clamping stud, and a lock for said cam stud, said lock comprising a screw entering said frog support from the side of the plane.

6. In a plane, a body portion having a throat, a frog support at the rear of the throat, a frog mounted for adjustment to and fro on said support, said frog having a fore and aft slot therein, a clamping stud passing downwardly through said slot into said support, an operating device for said clamping stud comprising a cam stud mounted in said support and eccentrically engaged with said clamping stud, and a lock for said cam stud, said lock comprising a screw entering said frog support from the side of the plane, said screw engaging said cam stud eccentrically to rotate the same in a direction to increase the pressure on the clamping stud.

EDMUND A. SCHADE.

Witnesses:
W. J. WORAM,
H. S. WALTER.

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Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 984,610 – Dado-Plane (Henry Smiley) (1911)

[paiddownloads id=”677″]984610

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

HENRY SMILEY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

DADO-PLANE.

_________________

984,610. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Feb. 21, 1911.
Application filed November 30, 1909. Serial No. 530,706.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY SMILEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dado-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to that class of groove cutting planes usually termed dado planes, and it has for its object the effecting of the improvements in details of construction hereinafter set forth.

Referring to the drawings forming part of this specification, Figure 1 is a side view of a plane made in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a side view of the metallic part thereof, the wooden section forming part thereof being represented as removed. Fig. 3 is an edge view of the plane from beneath. Fig. 3a is an end view of the blade-engaging block. Fig. 3b is an end view of the blade-wedge. Fig. 4 is a transverse section on the dotted line X–X in Fig. 1; this and the following views being on a slightly larger scale than the preceding. Fig. 5 is a transverse section on the dotted line Y–Y in Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal vertical section of a part of the plane showing the gage for permitting adjustment of the depth to which the plane can cut. Fig. 7 is a similar view but from the opposite side. Fig. 8 is a side elevation of a portion of the plane from a point opposite to that from which Fig. 1 is taken. Fig. 9 is a transverse sectional view of the plane through the center of the grooving cutters. Fig. 10 is a perspective view of said grooving cutters. Fig. 11 is a face view of the cutting blade of the plane. Fig. 12 is a face view of one of the U-shaped locking devices.

The plane comprises two main parts, one of metal containing the operating members, and the other of wood or the like inclosing said members at one side and having the handle 1. Said metallic portion consists of the thin plate 3 from which rise certain ribs and also the bosses 4 into which are tapped the screws 5 by means of which said wooden part 6 is secured to said metallic part.

The blade 7, shown in Figs. 2 and 11, rests against the rib-section 8 and also against the adjusting block 9, being made to share the longitudinal movement of the latter by means of one of its transverse grooves 10 into which projects the rib 11 of said block. This block is moved along the surface of the inclined rib 12 by means of the adjusting screw 13; the latter being turned by its head 14, and held against longitudinal displacement by bearing 15 and the U-shaped locking device 16 located in a transverse slot in said bearing and engaging an annular groove 17 in the screw. Fig. 12 shows this locking device in face view, while Fig. 9 shows a duplicate of the same in section. Above the cutting edge of said blade 7 is a shaving-deflector mouth 18, which, as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, is so conformed as to perfectly eject all the shavings ploughed up by said blade. As indicated by Fig. 1, said mouth is substantially horse-shoe shaped vertically, while, as in Fig. 3 it is trumpet shaped laterally, thereby performing the function above set forth. Said blade is clamped in place by the vertically moved triangular block 19, the means for its movement being the thumb-screw 20 turning in the bearing 21 and held from longitudinal displacementby the U-shaped lock 16a, a duplicate of that illustrated by Fig. 12. As shown in Fig. 2, the nose of this clamping block 19 comes quite close to the cutting end of the blade 7, and the entire length, nearly, of said blade is so tightly pressed by said block as to firmly hold it against all possibility of displacement or chattering. The vertical face or edge of this block abuts against the end of the rib 22 in order that there may be no lateral strain on the thumb screw 20, but have for its only function that of raising and lowering said block. To keep the cutting edge of said blade 7 flush with the metallic face of the plane and still leave the plate 3 intact, said blade is off-set somewhat, as shown in Fig. 11, and a part of said plate cut into as shown in Fig 8 to make room for the offset shoulder 23. To remove the blade for resharpening, the thumb screw 20 is turned to raise the block 19 a short distance, and then the screw 13 turned until the blade is carried far enough downward to bring its shoulder 23 out from beneath the lip 24. The blade can now be moved laterally out of its engagement with the rib 11 of the block 9, and then longitudinally withdrawn from the plane. Its return is in the reverse manner.

It is customary to provide these dado planes with cutters in advance of the blades for the purpose of scoring the lateral limits of the groove being plowed in the wood, in order that the shavings may be cut by the blade clear and clean from the wood, leaving the groove smooth and exact. There are numerous objections to those now in use, which I have overcome by my construction. Previous to my invention, the cutter points have been two in number, one at each side of the plane. I have found, however, that a plurality of these cutter points at each side give much better results, and consequently I provide a vertically adjustable bar 25 with four such points 26, two at a side, as shown in Figs. 2, 9 and 10. In the formation of these cutter points, not only is the metal of the bar cut away both laterally and longitudinally with respect to the plane, in order to leave such points in operative relief, but I form channels 27 in the opposite sides of the bar in order to provide cutting lateral edges. These edges 28 are sharpened by a suitable file which can under-cut the same slightly. The cutter points are lowered to take up for sharpening, and also rigidly held in place, by means of the adjusting screw 30 and the set screw 31 (Fig. 4), the former screw being held by its bearing 32 and locking device 16b like the one 16 already described. As shown in Fig. 9, this bar has also to be off-set, for the same reason as the blade 7.

Normally the dado plane can cut to the depth permitted by the under surface of the wooden section 2. To permit accurately gaged grooves of lesser depth to be formed, I provide the adjustable stop 33 shown in Figs. 3, 6 and 7. This is cut into the wooden section 6, and is adjusted by means of the screw 34 turning in the boss 35 and tapped into the boss 36 of the plate 37 which is fixed in place by suitable screws 38. Said screw 34 being kept from displacement in its boss 35 by a locking device 16c such as already described, is adjusted either down to desired specified point, or carried up to its normal flush position, by suitably rotating said screw. Said fixed plate 37 is formed with a circular boss 39 (Figs. 4 and 7) for receiving the set screw 31 already described; said boss extending out flush with the wooden section 6, and so providing said set screw with a metallic threaded member for its proper support. Thus made, this dado plane is strong, durable; its operative members are readily adjusted, cut clean and smooth, and in every way performs its work well and conveniently. It should be noticed that the cutter points 26 are each substantially like those of a saw tooth, being angular and having cutting edges both in front and behind. This enables them to cut and score the wood both when the plane is being advanced, and when it is being drawn backward, thus more perfectly preparing the way for the blade 7 to do its work. Moreover, the cutting edges 28 above described act to smooth the sides of the groove being planed.

It will be observed that by having the angular block 11 formed with a vertical face coming down sharply to the upper surface of the blade 7, there is no opportunity given for the lodgment of shavings against the same; hence, taking this in connection with the peculiar conformation of the mouth 18, there can be no choking at the cutting edge of said blade, and consequently no vexatious loss of time in digging out such accumulated chips.

As shown in Figs. 4, and 9, the U-shaped locking devices 16, 16a, 16b, 16c are held in place by the wooden section 6 fastened over the metallic section, and consequently all that requires to be done in order to take the various screws 13, 20, 30 and 34 out, is to first remove said wooden section, then pry out said U-shaped devices and unscrew said members. To keep the fastening screws 5 from digging into the wooden section 6, I prefer to provide therefor the metallic thimbles 40, shown in Figs. 1 and 5, the outer edges of which are fiush with the face of said section, and which receive the heads of said screws flush with the same also.

It is essential that the surface of the mouth 18 opposite the blade 7 shall be made to initiate in the shaving a spiral form as it leaves the edge of said blade. To accomplish this, I form said surface 18a with a twist in such a manner that the rear edge of the mouth will retire behind the front edge at 18b, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. This twist extends upward from the blade edge for about five eighths of an inch; after that it being merged into the trumpet flare above described.

As shown in Fig. 3b, the block 9 is given a slightly oblique face on its side lying against the surface of the blade 7, inasmuch as the latter is laterally inclined in order to better cut the wood being grooved. In the same way, the wedge 19 must have its face lying against the blade similarly oblique, as shown in Fig. 3a.

What I claim as my invention and for which I desire Letters Patent is as follows, to wit;

1. The combination with a dado plane, of cutter points therefor comprising a metal bar having its end fashioned into four saw-shaped points, each pair of points on the faces of the bar parallel with the sides of the plane being separated a substantial distance one from the other by a vertical clearance channel extending up toward the upper end of said bar, the sides of said channels presenting cutting edges.

2. A dado plane comprising two parts one of which is metal and is formed with two vertical parallel walls, a cutter point bar fitted to said walls, the other of said two parts being of wood and inclosing said bar, a metal plate fitted to the inner surface of said wooden part and having a cylindrical boss passing through said wooden part to its outer surface, and a set screw tapped through said boss and butting against said bar.

3. The combination in a dado plane, of a metallic section, a cutter-point member carried thereby, a screw for the adjustment of said member having an annular groove therein, a bearing for said screw formed with a transverse slot, a U-shaped locking device located in said slot and engaging said groove, and a section fastened to the metallic section and retaining said locking device in place.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing invention, I have hereunto set my hand this 13 day of November, 1909.

HENRY SMILEY.

Witnesses:
A. B. UPHAM,
H. L. WHITTLESEY.