No. 528,829 – Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1894)

[paiddownloads id=”510″]528829

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

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SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 528,829, dated November 6, 1894.
Application filed April 24, 1894. Serial No. 508,812. (No model.)

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to planes; the object of my present invention being to furnish a plane of peculiar construction and organization having a detachable part, by the removal or replacement of which, the plane may be quickly and practically adapted for use either as a rabbet-plane or as a smooth-plane.

In the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a plan view of a convertible plane embodying my invention, a portion thereof being broken away, the parts being assembled to adapt the plane for use as a smooth-plane. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of a portion of the plane with the side-plate or guard-plate removed, the plane in this condition being adapted for use as a rabbet-plane. Fig. 4 is a vertical cross-section of the plane taken in dotted line a–a, Fig. 2, looking in the direction of the arrow in said figure.

Similar characters designate like parts in all of the figures.

In the drawings I have shown my invention applied to a plane, which in general construction and organization is similar to the ordinary metallic smooth-plane. The main body or rabbet-plane body, of the plane is designated in a general way by B, and consists of the usual base or sole, 3, divided transversely by the mouth 4, forming the front and rear portions 5 and 5′, and the side-walls 6 and 6’, the one 6′ of which is herein shown as divided vertically by the mouth 4, the base or sole 3 being preferably reinforced each side of the mouth 4 by the transverse ribs 7 and 7’. The main body is usually provided at the forward end thereof (shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 as the right hand end) with a knob or handle, 3.

The plane-iron or cutter C which may be supported in any usual manner from below, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, and the clamp-lever D, are, or may be, of any usual construction and organization. The cutter C is shown in the drawings as having its cutting edge in the mouth of the main body and as supported upon a longitudinal rib, 9, having an inclined face coinciding with the inclined face of the reinforced portion 7 of the base, the upper face thereof being engaged by the cutting-edge, while the forward end of the clamp-lever is held in place longitudinally by a screw, 10, extending through the forward end of said lever, through an elongated slot formed in the cutter, and entering the reinforced portion 7’ of the base.

As a means for operating the clamp-lever to clamp the cutter, a screw, 11, is provided which has a screw-threaded bearing at its upper end in the rear end of the clamp-lever, and bears at its lower end upon the rear end of the cutter, said screw usually being provided, in practice, with a wheel or disk for operating the same. It is desired to state in this connection, that these elements just described, i. e. — the cutter and its clamping devices, constitute no part of my present invention, and may be of any usual construction and organization.

As a means for rendering the plane convertible, to adapt the same to be used either as a rabbet-plane or as a smooth-plane, I have provided a guard-plate or suplementary body, G, adapted to be detachably-secured to one side of the main-body so as to cover the open side of the plane and the open end of the mouth 4, and so that the lower edge of said plate will be flush with the bottom edge of said body to guard the cutter, as most clearly shown in Figs. 2 and 3. This plate or body constitutes a guard for the open end of the mouth 4, and when secured in place, as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, adapts the plane for use as a smooth-plane.

As a convenient means for detachably-securing the supplementary body or guard-plate to the side of the main-body, said plate is herein shown provided at opposite ends with laterally-projecting pins,12, adapted for entering holes, 13, drilled in bosses, 14, formed upon the base 3 of the main-body, as clearly shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, said plate being held against lateral displacement by means of set-screws, 15, extending through the bosses 14 and impinging the retaining-pins 12 of the guard-plate. These binding-screws are herein shown as having conical ends which enter recesses formed in the peripheries of the retaining-pins of the guard-plate, and have bearings in screw-threaded transverse or vertical openings formed in the bosses 14. The retaining-pins are herein shown as separate pieces fixed to the guard-plate after the manner of rivets, but it will be obvious that said pins might constitute an integral part of said guard-plate.

The above-described construction and organization constitute an improved tool adapted for use both as a rabbet-plane and a smooth-plane, the usual open-sided mouth being provided for rabbeting when the guard-plate or supplementary plane-body is removed, and the solid, unyielding structure necessary to smooth-planing being formed when said plate or body is fastened in position upon the main-body of the plane. When set in position upon said main-body of the plane, it will be seen that the suplementary body forms the main sole-piece of the plane-body for that side of the plane adjacent to the open-sided mouth; that, by means of its peculiar connection to and organization with the main-body of the plane, said plane is braced in longitudinal direction to prevent yielding thereof, which would tend to impair or destroy the efficiency of the tool for smooth-planing; and that said plate or supplementary body, when in such set position, forms the means for rendering the body of the plane a practically unitary structure, having all the characteristics necessary to perfect operation of a smooth-plane. It will also be evident that the change from a rabbet-plane to a smooth-plane, or vice versa, may be easily and quickly effected, and that, in removing the guard-plate, the holding-devices therefor will be maintained in position upon the stock.

Having thus described my invention, I claim —

1. In a plane, the combination with a main-body having a transverse mouth open at one side of said body, of a plane-cutter extending longitudinally of said body and having a transverse cutter-edge, means for securing said cutter to the plane-body in position for use and with its cutting-edge in the mouth of the main-body, and a supplementary plane-body adapted and provided with means for connection to the open-mouth side of the main-body in fixed relation thereto and having its sole in the plane of the sole of the main-body, whereby the mouth of the main body is closed on one side thereof and the edge of the cutter is guarded, thereby converting the plane into and adapting the same for use as a smooth-plane, substantially as described.

2. In a combined rabbet-and-smooth-plane, the combination of a plane-body having a transverse mouth open at one side of said body, of a plane-cutter extending longitudinally of said body and having a transverse cutting-edge, means for securing said cutter to the plane body in position for use and with its cutting-edge in the mouth of the main-body, a guard-plate covering the open end of said mouth and having its sole in the plane of the sole of the main-body, parallel lateral pins or projections fixedly carried by said guard-plate, parallel recesses in the plane-body inclosing said pins and adapted thereby to maintain a solid connection between the forward and rearward portions of the plane-body and to prevent misalignment of the soles of the plane-body and the guard-plate, and clamping-screws engaging said pins or projections for detachably securing the guard-plate to the plane-body, substantially as described.

3. In a combined rabbet and smooth-plane, the combination of a plane-body having a transverse mouth open at one side of said body, a plane-cutter extending longitudinally of said body and having a transverse cutting-edge, means for securing said cutter to the plane-body in position for use and with its cutting edge in the mouth of the main-body, a guard-plate covering the open end of said mouth and having its sole in the plane of the sole of the plane-body, parallel lateral pins or projections peripherally recessed and fixedly carried by said guard-plate, bosses formed upon said plane-body and having parallel recesses inclosing said pins and adapted thereby to maintain a solid connection between the forward and rearward portions of the plane-body and to prevent misalignment of the soles of the plane-body and the guard-plate, and clamping-screws extending through said bosses and into the recesses thereof and having conical ends for engaging said peripheral recesses in said pins and for detachably securing the guard-plate to the plane-body, substantially as described.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
FRED. J. DOLE,
FREDERICK A. BOLAND.

No. 528,087 – Bench Or Other Plane (Theodore W. Fuller) (1894)

[paiddownloads id=”509″]528087

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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THEODORE W. FULLER, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

BENCH OR OTHER PLANE.

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SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 528,087, dated October 23, 1894.
Application filed October 4, 1893. Serial No. 437,138. (No model.)

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THEODORE WHISTON FULLER, of Washington city, in the District of Columbia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench or other Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention is an improvement on that class of bench and other planes for carpentering or wood-working, which have adjustable devices for holding the plane-iron or knife; such for instance as that patented to L. Bailey, No. 67,398, dated December 24, 1867; and it has for its object, not only to prevent the getting loose of certain parts but also to prevent the straining and wearing away of that part of the wood into which these devices are fastened, and which after a while render the plane entirely useless.

By my improvements the parts which support the plane-iron are held with it firmly to the adjusted position.

Heretofore the screws which were intended to hold the adjusting devices to the wooden body of the plane, were screwed directly into such wood. When such plane is in use the least jar knocks the cutter or plane-iron out of place. The strain and thrust come all upon these wood screws, tending constantly to loosen them by disintegrating the fibers of the wood and enlarging the screw hole until presently all possibility of a firm, fixed hold is gone, and the plane has to be replaced by a new one. This involves not only great annoyance, imperfect work in planing and frequent ineffectual efforts to satisfactorily hold the cutter to its adjusted working position, but also wastes much of the workman’s valuable time. I have therefore invented a simple, cheap, but most effective means for avoiding these difliculties, and whereby the tendency of the parts to loosen, weaken, or get out of order, are reduced to the minimum or entirely avoided.

In the drawings: Figure 1 shows in longitudinal section enough of a plane of the Bailey class as now found in the market, to illustrate my invention as applied thereto; Fig. 2, a cross-section in the line x x of Fig. 1, the cutter and its fastening plate being removed, the bolts being shown in full; Fig. 3, a plan of the two-armed metallic screw-held plate, having at the end of each arm a threaded hole for a machine-thread screw-bolt and at its angle end an unthreaded counter sunk hole for a wood-screw; Fig. 4, a front view or elevation of the same, and Fig. 5 is a detail, showing one of the machine-thread bolts in place in the plate.

A indicates the body of the plane; B, the plane-iron or cutter; C, the plate lying on and above the same; D, the cam-lever, and d’ its spring, for tightening this plate on the cutter; E, the lever supporting plate; F, the forked lever fulcrumed on this plate, and f’ the screw, and f2 the nut, for moving such lever to adjust the plane-iron longitudinally; L, the lever for adjusting said iron to insure the parallelism of the cutting edge with the bottom of the plane stock. These parts being well known, need not be more particularly described.

Instead of securing directly to the wood the plate E, which carries the forked lever and its adjusting screw, and which practice has been found so disastrous when and after its wood screws get loose, I make a stout specially-shaped two-armed plate G, the arms meeting at nearly a right angle, the plate being about three-eighths of an inch in thickness. The two ends of these arms have each also a hole g’ which is closely threaded to receive a machine-thread screw-bolt H; and at its angled end, it has a counter-sunk hole g2 to receive a wood screw g3. This plate I insert in a correspondingly shaped cavity made in the wood in the top of the plane a little back of the throat, so as to be tlush with it, and I secure it in place by the wood-screw in hole g2. The circular ends in which are threaded holes g’ serve like nuts, but being connected by the parts or webs i, j, to the circular portion g4, and all parts of the plate G being thus integral, this solid sunken plate when in place is practically immovable either forward or backward against any jar or blow, and against any and all back-thrust when using the plane; and even before inserting the screw bolts H. When the bolts H are inserted through the usual holes in plate E, their threaded ends engage respectively with the threaded holes g’ and hold the plate almost as firmly as if it were imbedded in a rock, or as if the plane stock were all of iron. It will now be seen that there can be no disintegration or wearing away of any screw-hole in the wood, for the plate is immovable relatively to the wood; the bolts H do not engage with any wood at all, and that all the thrusts are received and distributed against the entire rear wall of the cavity in which plate G is sunken; and in addition to this, this plate is fastened by its rear screw in the hole g2.

The part g4 is designedly located far enough back to permit its screw g2 to be readily inserted and removed, and the whole plate occupies a space otherwise not utilized.

It will now be seen that my improvement can be applied to any existing new, or old, or otherwise useless plane of the Bailey or similar class; that with an ordinary brace and bit, chisel and screw-driver any one can apply the plate G in a short time; that by reason of this thick threaded plate and its fine machine thread bolt, the plate E and the parts supported thereon can not only be tightened more firmly than by the means heretofore used, and held more permanently, and therefore needing less frequent adjustment, but the planes will wear and be useful for a great while longer.

My improvement is applicable to a great variety of planes, especially the jack-plane, fore-plane, or jointer and smoothing plane.

I claim —

1. In combination with a plane stock or body, a metal plate inserted in the top of the same back from the edge of the throat so as to be in closed both front and rear by the stock, the cutter supporting plate, and means whereby the same may be removably secured to said inserted plate, all as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In combination with a plane stock or body, a metal plate inserted in the top of the same back from the edge of the throat so as to be inclosed both front and rear by the stock, the cutter supporting plate, and means whereby the same may be removably secured to said inserted plate, and means whereby the inserted plate may be secured to the plane stock, all as and for the purposes set forth.

3. In combination with a plane stock or body, a metal plate inserted in the top of the same back from the edge of the throat so as to be inclosed both front and rear by the stock, and having screw threaded sockets in the same, the cutter supporting plate, and screws or bolts passing through holes in said plate into the threaded sockets of the inserted plate, to removably secure the same together, all as and for the purposes set forth.

4. In combination with a plane stock or body, a forked or angular metal plate inserted in the top of the stock back from the edge of the throat so as to be inclosed both front and rear by the stock, the cutter supporting plate, and means whereby the same may be removably secured to said inserted plate, all as and for the purposes set forth.

THEODORE W. FULLER.

Witnesses:
H. S. SHEPARD,
JOHN J. HALSTED.

No. 526,154 – Plane-Iron (William F. Kellett) (1894)

[paiddownloads id=”508″]526154

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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WILLIAM F. KELLETT, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

PLANE-IRON.

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SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 526,154, dated September 18, 1894.
Application filed June 12, 1893. Serial No. 477,383. (No model.)

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM F. KELLETT, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Plane-Irons; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

The invention relates to that class of plane irons in which the cutter or blade is quite thin and is supported by a separate, rigid back plate.

The invention has for its object the improvement of the cap piece so as to more securely hold the blade and prevent its vibrations.

It consists in the use of a cap having a transverse rib between its edge and the main screw, the cap being rigid between the rib and the screw and elastically flexible below the rib and being so formed that when applied it must be depressed by the action of the wedge, ordinarily used in securing plane-irons, before the rib comes into contact with the blade.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1, is a longitudinal section of the plane iron on the line 1–1 of Fig. 2. Fig. 2, is a plan view of the iron. Fig. 3, is a perspective of the cap. Fig. 4 is a sectional view on the line 1–1 of Fig. 2, with the outline of the body of the plane in dotted lines.

The blade is shown at A. It is of finely tempered steel and is quite thin so that in sharpening there is no superfluous metal to cut away. This blade rests upon a back plate B, of softer metal but of greater thickness so as to be quite rigid. The back plate reaches approximately to the cutting end of the blade, and preferably has a slight rib as shown at h, across its end for contact with the blade so that the latter does not rest flatly against the surface of the back plate, the space between the two being so slight, however, that in drawing them together by means of the binding screw the flexure of the blade is scarcely perceptible. This feature is not new in this application.

The cap consists of a rigid body portion b, falling short of reaching the cutting edge of the blade A, by approximately one-half inch, and a flexible extension piece a, secured firmly to the under side and at the lower end of the body portion by the rivets e, and reaching approximately to the end of the blade. This cap extension is bowed outwardly from the end of the body portion, its lower edge being curved downwardly so as to cross the plane of its upper end. The body portion, b, of the cap is provided with the ordinary screw threaded aperture, c’, within which is set the main screw, c, which extends through longitudinal slots in the blade A, and back plate B, its head binding against the under surface of the back plate B, so as to draw the cap down upon the blade A, interposed between the cap and the backing piece. When the three members are first brought together the cap touches the blade only at its extreme ends. The main screw is turned up so as to draw them firmly together but not sufficiently to bring the rib, d, into contact with the blade. When the iron is adjusted to the plane H and the wedge K driven to its place the cap is still further depressed so as to bring the rib d, firmly against the blade A. It is important that the cap bear firmly against the lower end of the blade. This is certainly attained only by depending upon the wedge K to depress the cap at the rib, for were the main screw to be relied upon for this purpose there would be danger of bowing the cap downwardly between the rib and the screw, thereby causing its lower end to tilt upwardly, at least to relieve the pressure of the flexible end upon the blade. Heretofore it has been usual to secure a blade of this character by a cap having no bearing between the main screw and its edge. The result has been that the blade has, particularly when used on hard wood, bowed upwardly from the back plate; that is, the end of the back plate has served as a fulcrum upon which it has turned. The stiffness and elasticity of the blade have brought it back quickly to its normal form, and as a result of the conflicting action — the pressure at the edge tending to bow the blade, its stiffness and elasticity tending to preserve its original form — the blade has been caused to vibrate rapidly, to the manifest detriment of the tool.

By the construction herein shown and described an unyielding, intermediate point, or line of bearing, is secured at d, sufficiently removed from the edge of the blade to wholly counteract this tendency, and a cap is provided which under all conditions holds the blade immovably to its seat upon the back plate. At fand f’, are shown a bolt and nut for securing the upper end of the blade to the back plate in the usual manner.

While I show and describe the cap as of two pieces secured together it is obvious that it may be of a single piece provided it meet the conditions of having a firm transverse rib between its edge and the main screw, and is substantially inflexible between this rib and the main screw, and flexible and elastic below the rib, and has its flexible portion curved so that its edge falls below the rib, thereby insuring a close joint between the edge of the cap and the blade.

I am aware that it is known to secure a bearing above the edge of the cap by the use of a supplemental flexible cap interposed between the rigid cap and the blade, but such construction does not meet the requirement for a firm bearing upon the blade to prevent its vibration.

I claim as my invention —

l. In a plane iron, the combination with a thin cutting blade, A, of a rigid back plate, B, for supporting the blade, and a cap for covering the blade, such cap comprising a rigid portion, b, having bearings at its upper and lower ends upon the blade, and a flexible extension, a, adapted to bear upon the blade contiguous to its cutting edge, substantially as described and forthe purpose specified.

2. The combination in a plane iron, with a thin cutting blade and a rigid back plate for carrying the same, of a cap piece comprising a rigid portion b, and an elastic extension piece a, secured to the under side of the lower end of the portion b; and being bowed outwardly, its extreme end normally crossing the plane of its inner or attached end, and being adapted to bear against the blade contiguous to its cutting edge, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

3. The combination in a plane iron, with a thin cutting blade and ia rigid back plate for carrying the same, of a cap piece having a transverse rib and being elastic below this rib and rigid above it and being so curved that when applied to the blade the rib does not touch the blade until the cap is compressed, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

4. In a plane iron, the combination of a rigid back plate, a flexible cutting blade carried by the back plate, and a cap piece having its lower end flexible and its upper portion rigid and having a transverse rib at the juncture of the flexible and rigid portions and being adapted to bear upon the blade, whereby positive contact is insured between the blade and the back plate directly below the rib when tl1e iron is adjusted to the plane, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof I affix my signaturein presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM F. KELLETT.

Witnesses:
T. A. KELLETT,
SAMUEL LEGER.

No. 518,823 – Lubricator (Royal W. McIntyre And Gustavus A. H. Sprague) (1894)

[paiddownloads id=”507″]518823

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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ROYAL W. McINTYRE AND GUSTAVUS A. H. SPRAGUE, OF REDLANDS, CALIFORNIA.

LUBRICATOR.

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SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 518,823, dated April 24, 1894.
Application filed January 23, 1893. Serial No. 459,385. (No model.)

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, ROYAL WARNER McINTYRE and GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS HANKINSON SPRAGUE., of Redlands, in the county of San Bernardino and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil-Cups; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

Our invention is an improvement in oil cups or cans designed for greater simplicity and durability of construction and efficiency and certainty of operation.

A further object of our invention is to supply simple and useful means for lubricating the under surface of iron planes thereby dispensing with the old method of greasing the under surface of the plane with a piece of fat.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear in the following description in which we have set forth fully the details of construction and the essential features thereof and illustrated them in the accompanying drawings in which similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts.

Figure 1 represents a part section and side view of an ordinary plane with our invention attached. Fig. 2 is a modification.

Reference being had to the above figures A represents the main body of the oil cup which is secured to the forward portion of the plane B by means of the hollow threaded lug C. The bottom of the cup A is provided with the conical hole D the smaller end of which is at the upper surface of the bottom. The upper portion of the cup A is furnished with a convex screw cap E which is made of light spring material and is screwed to the cup in the manner shown in Fig. 1. Extending upward through the conical hole D is the valve rod F one end of the stem of which is screwed to the projection G on the under surface of the cap E while its other end terminates in a conical enlargement H corresponding to the opening in the lower surface of the cup A. It will be readily seen that when the cap E is pressed downward the valve stem F and enlargement H are forced downward thus allowing the oil to flow through the hole in the bottom of the cup A thereby lubricating the under surface of the plane.

In Fig. 2 we have changed the construction slightly and instead of the conical hole D we have substituted a hole with parallel sides and constructed the enlargement H to correspond. In this latter construction the cup is adapted to be filled through the opening in the side of the cap near the top which is closed by a screw J. It will be readily seen that it is impossible for the oil to escape from the nozzle unless the base of the can is forced inward.

The construction and arrangement of the several parts of our invention being thus made known the operation and advantages of the same will it is thought be readily understood.

Having thus fully described our invention, what we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The combination with a plane, having an opening through the bed of the front portion thereof, of an oil cup resting on said bed, and having a spring actuated valve therein which is operated from the upper end, and a screw plug, C, seated within the perforated base of the cup with an opening therethrough by means of which the said oil cup is secured to the bed plane, the upper portion of said plug being formed with an enlarged chamber, with which said valve communicates, and a lower reduced opening, and the lower end of said plug extending only partially through the side of the plane, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof we have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

R. W. McINTYRE.
G. A. H. SPRAGUE.

Witnesses:
NAT A. BLAKE,
O. A. MOSTLING.

No. 518,521 – Carpenter’s Plane (William E. Crompton) (1894)

[paiddownloads id=”506″]518521

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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WILLIAM E. CROMPTON, OF PARK CITY, UTAH TERRITORY.

CARPENTER’S PLANE.

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SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 518,521, dated April 17, 1894.
Application filed July 14, 1893. Serial No. 480,526. (No model.)

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM E. CROMPTON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Park City, in the county of Summit and Territory of Utah, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carpenters’ Planes; and I do hereby declare the following to beafull, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in planes, and especially to improvements in rabbet planes, and it consists of certain novel features hereinafter described and claimed.

The ordinary rabbet plane cuts a shaving somewhat wider than the plane, and this jams in the sides of the plane, rendering it necessary to stop to remove the same, and causing the inconvenience in working well known to persons skilled in the art. I have discovered that by splitting the shaving longitudinally, or rather by cutting a longitudinal slit in the wood before the shaving is pared oif by the bit, this inconvenience is almost entirely obviated.

My invention will be understood by reference tot he acccompanying drawings, in which the same parts are indicated by the same letters throughout the several views.

Figure 1 represents a longitudinal section of an ordinary form of rabbet plane along the line x’ x’ of Fig. 2, and illustrates the application of my improvement. Fig. 2 represents an inverted plan view of the plane shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 represents an enlarged section along the line x x of Fig. 1, and looking down.

A represents the bottom plate or base of the plane provided with rear handle, sides B, bit C, and the other attachments commonly found in planes. The bottom plate A is slotted as at afor the passage therethrough of the bit C and of the shaving, and is also slotted at a’ to allow the passage of the knife D. The sides B are open as at b to allow the passage of the sides of the shaving.

The knife D is provided with a shoulder d resting on the tip of the spring E which is secured beneath the front handle F, and held in place by the screw G. This knife D is secured in a guide lug K, which lug is rigidly attached to the cross piece H between the sides B of the plane. A screw L is either set in or made integral with the said lug K, and on this screw the thumb wheel M is mounted, having a flange adapted to engage the upper end of the said knife D. It will be seen if the the said thumb wheel M be screwed down, that the knife D will be projected through the bottom of the plane, and that by means of the spring E, and the thumb wheel M, the knife D may be adjusted to the desired position.

The operation of the device is as follows: — The knife D and bit G being projected the required amount, which can only be determined by experiment, the plane is operated in the usual way. The knife D preceding the bit C, splits the surface of the wood in front of the said bit, and then these split parts readily slip or bend over one another, allowing the shaving to pass between the sides of the plane without jamming.

While this invention is particularly applicable to rabbet planes, it will be obvious that it may be used in connection with any of the planes ordinarily in use. In all of such planes, there is a tendency for the shaving to stick in the plane, and this is obviated by the device as already described.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is —

1. In a plane, the combination with a bit of a splitting knife D adjustably mounted in front of said bit, a spring E normally supporting said knife, a guide lug K inclosing the rear sides of said knife, a screw L attached to said lug, and a thumb wheel M adapted to bear on the upper part of said knife, substantially as and for the purposes described.

2. In a plane the combination with the bottom piece A slotted as at a and a’, the rear handle, the front handle F, and screw G, the bit C, the knife D, the spring E, the guide lug K, screw L and thumb wheel M, substantially as and for the purposes described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM E. CROMPTON.

Witnesses:
BISMARCK SNYDER,
WILSON I. SNYDER.

No. 516,780 – Plane (Jacob W. Tripp) (1894)

[paiddownloads id=”505″]516780

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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JACOB W. TRIPP, OF SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH TERRITORY.

PLANE.

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SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 516,780, dated March 20, 1894.
Application filed June 12, 1893. Serial No. 477,337. (No model.)

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Jason W. TRIPP, a citizen of the United States, residing at Salt Lake City, in the county of Salt Lake and Territory of Utah, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

My invention relates to planes, and more particularly to means for adjusting the bit.

It consists in the various matters hereinafter described and claimed, and is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which —

Figure 1 is a plan view of the bit plate illustrating more particularly the mechanism by which the bit is raised and lowered. Fig. 2 is a plan view with pressure cap removed showing lever mechanism in dotted lines. Fig. 3 is a perspective partly in section to show the means for adjusting the bit laterally. Fig. 4 is a detail of the pressure cap. Fig. 5 is a detail of the parts for adjusting the bit laterally; and Fig. 6 is a view of the top of the pressure cap.

In the drawings, A is a bit plate and B the bit. Hitherto it has been customary to provide a thumb screw or something similar thereto by which the bit is adjusted vertically, while the lateral adjustment has been effected by an additional member, in most cases a lever. I propose, however, to so construct the plane that one lever shall serve for both adjustments.

In order to provide a chamber for the necessary mechanism, I cut away a portion of the bit plate to form the part C and in the bottom of this I provide a groove c in which slides the block D, held in any position to which it may be brought by a suitable spring E. This spring may be of many constructions but I prefer to use that shown in the drawings, in which a spring plate is provided with projections e, which engage with teeth e’ on the side of the sliding block. A pin F projects from the sliding block and fits between the lugs m formed upon the bit cap so that when the block is moved it carries with it the bit, this being clamped to the bit cap in the usual manner. Another lug n provided with a recess n’ is formed upon the bit cap, while in the side of the bit plate, I provide one or more recesses o, these recesses being preferably dovetailed in order to more firmly hold the projection s for the purpose hereinafter set forth.

A lever R which projects above the rear portion of the bit when the plane is in position for use, is provided with a slot r fitting over the pin F, while upon its inner end is a projection s. A plate of metal S is fastened to the higher portion of the bit plate to prevent the lever from falling out of place when the bit is removed.

The operation of my device will be readily understood. Normally the projection s its in the recess n’ so that when the lever is moved to one side or the other, the pin F acting as a fulcrum, the edge of the bit will be correspondingly adjusted. To raise and lower the bit, the elongated slot r permits the lever to be drawn back until the projectionsis out of engagement with the recess n’, when the lever is turned to the right, the projection s is caught in one of the recesses o and as this projection then becomes a fulcrum, the sliding plate is moved by swinging the end of the lever. When the bit has been raised or lowered as desired, the lever is returned to its normal position.

While I prefer to employ the construction herein illustrated and described, it is manifest that many modifications may be made without in the least departing from the spirit of my invention.

It will be noticed that the lugs m, m and n, are so disposed that two slots for the reception of the pin F are provided instead of one, as found in planes of ordinary construction. The object of this is to adapt the bit for use with plane beds of different lengths.

Another feature of my invention is the pressure cap. At present, it is customary to provide caps with a hinged cam at their upper ends, these caps bearing upon the plane bit at two points only, viz., along the bottom of the pressure cap and at the point at which the cam touches the bit cap. The difficulty with this construction is that no pressure is exerted upon the main portion of the bit, and the result is that in planing hard wood, a slight spring is allowed that portion of the bit between the two bearing points of the pressure cap, thus permitting a slight vibration of the bit. In my device, however, I provide a plate u cut U-shaped as shown, and having its sides connected at the rear by a plate v of spring steel or other suitable material. To this plate v is attached a block W provided with an opening w for the plane bolt a projecting as usual from the bit plate, said block resting at its forward end upon the ledge u’ of the plate u. Hinged to the sides of the block is a yoke X having cams x adapted to bear upon the ledge u’. It will readily be seen that when the yoke of the pressure cap is raised, thus throwing the cams x up from the ledge u’, the cap may be slipped in position upon the plane, and upon the yoke being lowered, the plate u will be forced down upon the bit cap, its upper side resting against the head of the screw a as a fulcrum, bearing upon it with uniform force on the pressure cap’s entire under surface.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. A plane comprising a bit, a bit plate, a block sliding in said bit plate and connected to the bit, a lever connected to the sliding block, and means whereby said lever may be connected with either the bit or the bit plate; substantially as described.

2. A plane comprising a bit provided with a recess, a bit plate provided with a recess, a block sliding in said bit plate, and connected to the bit, and a lever-connected to the sliding block, said lever being adapted to engage either the bit recess or that formed in the bit plate; substantially as described.

3. A plane comprising a bit provided with a recess, a bit plate provided with a recess, a block sliding in said bit plate, a projection upon said block, a depression upon the bit adapted to receive the projection upon the block, a lever provided with a slot fitting over the projection upon the sliding block, and a projection upon said lever adapted to engage with either the bit recess or the recess formed in the bit plate; substantially as described.

4. A plane comprising a bit, a bit plate, ways in said bit plate, a block sliding in said ways and connected to the bit, a spring bearing against one edge of the block and the adjacent way, a lever connected to the sliding block, and means whereby said lever may be connected with either the bit or the bit plate; substantially as described.

5. A plane comprising a bit, a bit plate, ways in said bit plate, a recess formed in one of said ways, a spring plate in said recess, projections upon said spring plate, a block: sliding in said ways, teeth upon the side of the block adjacent to the spring in the way, a lever connected to the sliding block, and means whereby said lever maybe connected with either the bit or the bit plate; substantially as described.

6. A plane comprising a bit provided with a recess, a bit plate having a chamber C formed therein, a groove in said chamber, a block sliding in said groove, a projection upon said sliding block, a depression upon the bit and adapted to receive the projection upon the block, a recess in one wall of the chamber C, a lever provided with an elongated slot fitting upon the projection on the sliding block, a projection upon the lever adapted to engage either the bit recess or the recess formed in the bit plate, and a plate connecting the walls of the chamber; substantially as described.

7. A pressure cap for planes comprising a plate, an opening in said plate, a block hinged to said plate and provided with an opening for the insertion of the plane bolt, and means for raising the free end of the block against said plane bolt; substantially as described.

8. A pressure cap for planes comprising a U-shaped plate, a ledge connecting the lower portions of the sides of the plate, a spring plate connecting the upper ends of the sides of the plate, a block secured at one end to the spring plate and at the other resting upon the said ledge, an opening in said block for the passage of the plane bolt, a yoke hinged to the block at that end. which rests upon the ledge, and cams upon the yoke at its hinged end; substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JACOB W. TRIPP.

Witnesses:
JOHN F. CORKER,
GERTRUDE E. CORKER.

No. 516,413 – Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1894)

[paiddownloads id=”504″]516413

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 516,413, dated March 13, 1894.
Application filed September 1, 1893. Serial No. 484,544. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to that class of planes in which the plane-iron is adjustable for the purpose of bringing the same accurately into position for use, by means of adjusting-devices connected with the knife-holding apparatus.

The object of my present invention is to provide means, in a plane of the class specified, for adjusting the knife laterally thereof to bring the cutting-edge in parallelism with the face of the plane; and to make this adjustment by means of devices operating in connection with, but separately from (in point of time) the means for adjusting the plane-iron longitudinally thereof.

In the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a side elevation, partially in section, of a plane embodying my present improvements. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the plane, with the cutter, or knife, and its clamp removed, and showing the knife holding and adjusting-apparatus in place. Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the plane, as seen from the right-hand in Figs. 1 and 2, the cutter or knife being in place, but the clamp-lever removed. Fig. 4 is a plan view of a portion of the plane illustrating the mode of operation of the swing-frame and the actuating lever therefor which regulates the lateral movement of the knife, the knife, knife-support and clamp being removed. Fig. 5 is a plan view of the swing-frame, in the preferred form thereof. Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the swing-frame, as seen from below in Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is an end elevation of the swing-frame, as seen from the right-hand in 5 and 6. Fig. 8 is a plan view of the swing-frame-adjusting lever, in a position corresponding to the same in Figs. 1 and 2; and Fig. 9 is a side view of said lever, in a position corresponding to that shown in Fig. 1.

Similar characters designate like parts in all the figures.

For illustrating the construction and mode of operation of my present improvements and the preferred manner of applying the same, I have shown the invention applied to an ordinary iron smoothing-plane. The body of the plane is designated in a general way by B, and consists of the usual base or face, 3, divided transversely by the mouth, 4, and having the side-walls, 5 and 6; it is usually provided at the forward end thereof (at the left-hand in Figs. 1, 2 and 4,) with a knob or handle, 7, and rearwardly of the plane-mouth with a transverse pin, 3, which serves as a bearing for the clamp-lever, D. The “plane-iron” or cutter, C, shown in section in Fig. 1 and in rear elevation in Fig. 3, is set in an inclined position as indicated in the drawings, and with its edge at 9, Fig. 1, extending slightly through the mouth of the plane. The cutter or knife C being supported from below in substantially the position shown in Fig. 1, the clamp-lever D is placed thereon, underneath and in engagement with the aforesaid transverse pin or bearing 8, and with its point, 10, resting on said knife near the lower end thereof, in the usual manner. The clamp-lever is or may be operated, for the purpose of clamping and unclarnping the plane-knife or cutter C, by means of the screw, 11, carried by said clamp, and bearing at its outward end, 12, against the upper side of the plane-knife, said screw being usually operated, in practice, by means of a wheel or disk, 13, fixed thereon.

The rearward and upper end, 14, of the cutter is shown having formed in its under side a channel whose edges at 15 and 16, form guides for controlling the lateral movement of the cutter, the channel having in the top thereof a series of teeth, 17, for engaging with the corresponding notches of the main lever, E, of the adjusting-apparatus. Said main-lever is shown carried by a pivot, 18, fixed in the ears, 19 and 19′, on the rearward end of a swing-frame, 20, which lies on the upper side of the face or bottom-plate 3 of the plane, and which is provided with means for the lateral adjustment thereof. Said swing-frame has at its forward end a bearing-arm, 21, which engages in a slot, 22, formed in the plane-body; said frame is held in place longitudinally of the plane by means of the screw-stud, 23, under the head of which is journaled the forward end, 24, of the lateral-adjustment lever, 25, this lever also having a bearing, 26, in working engagement between said ears 19 and 19′ of the swing-frame, and being provided at its extreme rearward end with a suitable termination, or thumb-piece, as 25′, whereby the same may be conveniently operated. The aforesaid screw-stud 23 passes down through the slot, 27 of the swing-frame, so as to control the position of said frame when this is swung laterally, as indicated by the two positions thereof shown by solid lines and dotted lines, respectively, in Fig.4. About midway of its length, the swing-frame 20, in the preferred form thereof herein shown, has a bearing, 28, for receiving the forward end, 29, of the longitudinal-adjustment lever, 30, this lever being pivoted on a stud, 31, between the forward ends of the said arms, 32 and 32′, of the aforesaid main lever E, and having its projecting rearward end properly shaped, or furnished with a thumb-piece, as 30′, whereby the same may be actuated for operating the main lever to slide the cutter forward or backward, as the case may require. It will be observed that the forward bearing 21 of the swing-frame is on the line e (Fig. 1) about midway between the clamp-lever bearing 8 and the point 10, where the knife is clamped between the end of the clamp-lever and the bottom-plate of the plane-body. The parts here described are organized, as set forth, so that when power is applied to the rearward end of the plane-knife for swinging the same laterally, said knife will naturally turn or swing upon an axis substantially coincident with said swing-frame bearing 21. Said lateral movement of the knife C is effected through the described main lever E, which engages at the upper side thereof between the said edges 15 and 16 of the channel in the knife. By this means, when the swing-frame 20 is moved laterally by means of said actuating-lever 25, the main-lever E, being mounted on said arm, is carried sidewise, being swung about the aforesaid axis 21 in substantial coincidence with the movement of the knife itself.

For adjusting the knife longitudinally thereof, the secondary lever 30 is raised or lowered, as the case may require, thereby swinging the main lever E on its pivot 18, and forcibly sliding the plane-knife under the rounded end 12 of the clamp-lever screw 11. And by operating the lever 25, the main-lever, also designated as the knife-actuator, is moved laterally to carry the knife side-wise as required. The swing-frame, by means of the combinations and construction hereinbefore described, is closely held in place on the upper surface of the base-plate 3, the forward end of the frame-actuating lever 25 serving as a washer between the head 23′ of said screw-stud and the swing-frame; the forward end 21′ of the swing-frame comes close to the under side of the knife C, so that said frame-bearing 21 is prevented from rising out of the bearing-slot 22.

Having thus described my invention, I claim —

1. In a plane, the combination with a plane-body, and with the knife and means for clamping the same in place, of a knife-supporting actuator-lever engaging the knife longitudinally and laterally thereof, an actuator-lever-carrying frame supported for movement laterally of the knife, and means for moving said actuator-lever on the frame independently of the movement of the frame, substantially as described.

2. In a plane of the class specified, the combination with the knife having the transverse notches and the longitudinal guide-edges, and with means for clamping the same in place, of a knife-supporting actuator-lever engaging said notches and between said guide-edges, a swinging actuator-lever-carrying frame supported for movement laterally of the knife, the screw-stud holding the frame in place, and a lever journaled on said stud and engaging the frame to move this independently of the movement of the actuator-lever, substantially as described.

3. In a plane, the combination with a plane-body, and with the knife and means for clamping the same in place, of a knife-supporting actuator-lever engaging the knife longitudinally and laterally thereof, a swinging actuator-lever-carrying frame supported for movement laterally of the knife, means for moving said frame laterally of the knife, and a lever fulcrumed. in the swing-frame and engaging the actuator-lever for operating this independently of the frame, substantially as described.

4. In a plane, a knife-supporting-and-adjusting device consisting of a laterally-movable frame having the ears 19 and 19′ and the fulcrum-bearing 28, combined with a main lever, substantially as described, pivotally supported between said ears and provided with a lever fulcrumed in said fulcrum-bearing, and means for holding in place and actuating said frame, substantially as described.

5. In a plane, the combination with the body having the frame-bearing slot 22 and the stud 23, of the frame 20 engaging at one end in said bearing-slot and having a transverse slot through which said stud extends, a lever on said stud and engaging the frame for moving the same laterally of the plane-body, and a knife-supporting-and-adjusting device carried on said frame and consisting of a lever pivoted thereto and furnished with means for operating the same, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

6. In a plane, the combination with the plane-body and with the knife and means for clamping the same, of a longitudinally movable combined knife-support and actuator in engagement with the knife, an actuator-carrier supported for movement laterally of the knife, means for simultaneously moving the actuator-carrier and knife-supporting actuator laterally of the knife and means for moving said actuator independently of the movement of the actuator-carrier, substantially as described.

7. The combination in a plane, of a plane-body, a knife and means for clamping the same, a combined knife-support and actuator carried by a frame supported for lateral movement by the plane-body, means for independently operating the knife-support to shift the knife longitudinally, and means for adjusting the frame laterally of the knife, substantially as described.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT

Witnesses:
F. N. STANLEY,
CHAS. B. STANLEY.

No. 515,659 – Stop And Chamfer Plane (Alfred A. Curry) (1894)

[paiddownloads id=”503″]515659

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ALFRED A. CURRY, OF BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT.

STOP AND CHAMFER PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 515,659, dated February 27, 1894.
Application filed February 4, 1893. Serial No. 461,006. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALFRED A. CURRY, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Bridgeport, in the county of Fairfield and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Stop and Chamfer Planes; and l do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention has for its object to produce a chamfering and molding plane that will out a stop without change of position of the cutter by the same movement that the chamfer or molding is cut, thereby doing away with the necessity of using a chisel or other tool to out stops at the end of the molding or chamfer, or with the use of a tool held in a vertical position to scrape the surface of the molding or chamfer after it has been roughened out by a routing tool. It will be seen therefore that my novel tool performs the functions both of a router and a finishing tool, in addition to cutting both stops.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification Figure 1 is a perspective of my novel plane adjusted for use as a chamfer plane, the mouth piece being in section; Fig. 2 a section on the line y y in Fig. 3; Fig. 2a an inverted plan view of the forward end of my novel plane corresponding with Fig. 2; Fig. 3 a section on the line x x in Fig. 2. Figs. 4 and 7 are elevations of different forms of mouth pieces; Figs. 5 and 8 elevations illustrating cutters corresponding therewith; Fig. 6 a section on the line z z in Fig. 4 the cutter also being shown in edge view 5 Fig. 9 a section on the line m m in Fig. 7 the corresponding cutter also appearing in section; Fig. 10 a view of a molding and stop made by the cutter illustrated in Fig. 5; Fig. 11 a view of a molding and stop made by the cutter illustrated in Fig. 8, and Fig. 12 is a view of still another form of molding and stop, the latter being made by the same cutter which cuts the molding, as in the other forms.

A denotes the body of the plane as a whole, and 2 denotes the handle. These parts may be of any ordinary or preferred construction adapted to this class of work. In the plane illustrated in the drawings 3 denotes the side plates, 4 the front plate, and 5 the incline of the cutter box or blade holder, and 6 and 7 are the angle plates which engage the sides of the piece of wood to be chamfered. Angle plate 7 is not as long as angle plate 6 and terminates in a horizontal plate 8, said plate being formed integral with depending holders 9, which receive rods 10, said rods carrying at their inner ends a side gage 11 the inner face of which corresponds with the inner incline of plate 7 and the top corresponding with the under side of the horizontal plate. The adjustment of the side gage determines the depth of the cut made by the cutter in forming the chainfer or molding.

12 denotes set screws which engage rods 10 to lock the side gage in position after adjustment.

13 denotes the cutter or blade, the cutting edge of which is of course shaped to correspond with the shape of the chamfer or molding it is desired to produce, a straight edge of course producing a straight chamfer and an inwardly or outwardly curved edge producing a corresponding curve in the piece of wood that is operated upon. The cutter is held in position by the usual lever 14 which has its fulcrum on a transverse pin 15 and is provided at its upper end with a set screw 16 which is adapted to bear against the upper end of the cutter and when turned downward upon the cutter raises the upper end of the lever thereby forcing the lower end of the lever down upon the lower end of the cutter and clamping it in place.

It will be seen from Figs. 2 and 2a that the cutter or blade is not used in the ordinary way, that is with the beveled side down. In my improved plane the cutter is used with the face side down the bevel being upon the upper side so that in use I cut away the wood that is to be removed instead of scraping it away. In use the cutter or blade rests upon the incline there being no open space whatever back of or under the cutter.

17 denotes the mouth piece which I have shown as provided with side lips 18 to engage the side plates 3 of the cutter box with a lug 19 on the top through which a set screw 20 passes, said set screw engaging the top of the front plate to adjust the mouth piece, and with a slot 21 through which a set screw 22 passes which engages the front plate to lock the mouth piece in position after adjustment. The essential feature of the mouth piece is that it is provided with an operative face 23 which in all cases corresponds exactly with the curvature of the cutting edge. If the cutting edge is a convex curve, as in Fig. 5 producing a concave curve in the molding as in Fig. 10, the operative face of the mouth piece is extended outward from the vertical plane of the body thereof as clearly shown in Fig. 6. If the cutting edge is a concave curve as in Fig. 8 producing a convex curve in the molding as in Fig. 11, the operative face of the mouth piece extends inward from the vertical plane of the body thereof as clearly shown in Fig. 9.

By making the cutter box part of the body, i. e., stationary, and dispensing entirely with a front gage using a side gage in lieu thereof, I insure that the plane in use shall wear evenly from front to back. Where a front gage is used the wear is at the back of the plane which greatly shortens its life. The cutter when once adjusted does not require to be shifted in changing from one kind of work to another, the thickness of the shaving in all kinds of work being regulated by the adjustment of the mouth piece.

In use the operator selects the proper cutter to produce the molding or chamfer required, and having placed it in position with the face side down and the bevel up and locked it there, he adjusts the mouth piece to cut as thick a shaving as the quality or hardness of the wood will warrant. In case the molding is very small or the chamfer shal-
low it will be necessary to set the side gage inward. To cut a stop and a chamfer or molding the operator simply places the cutting edge at the point in the piece of wood to be operated upon where the stop is to commence and presses firmly downward and forward taking care to stop the tool before the end of the chamfer or molding is reached. He then repeats the operation from the other end, these two operations serving as a matter of fact to complete perfectly both stops and the chamfer or molding.

The side gage is to be used with a knife having either a straight cutting edge or an edge of any desired configuration. It is not necessary that the chamber should be perfectly symmetrical on each side of its center as it may be of a variety of forms and these may be secured by using a knife having a curved cutting edge and by adjusting the side gage more or less inwardly.

Having thus described my invention, I claim —

1. A chamfer plane comprising the body formed of the angle plates 6, 7, the inclined plate 5 with the side plates 3, 3, rigidly connected thereto the cross or front plate 4 connecting the side plates and constituting with them the box, the cutter arranged in said box and projecting under the front plate 4 and the vertically adjustable mouth piece carried by the said front plate 4, substantially as described.

2. In combination, the body comprising the angle plates 6, 7 with the incline 5 and the side plates 3, the cross or front plates 4 between the front ends of the side plates and constituting therewith the box of the plane, the knife arranged in the box, and the mouth plate secured adjustably to the front side of the box and having lips extending around the front corners of the box, substantially as described.

3. In combination in a chamfer plane, the angle plates 6 and 7 rigidly connected together forming a solid body portion, the knife adjustably carried by the said solid body part, one of said angle plates having a recess in its inner face, the adjustable side gage adapted to said recess to present a flush surface with the face of the recessed angle plate and movable transversely across the angular space, and the means for adjusting and holding said side gage, substantially as described.

4. In combination the angle plates 6 and 7, the knife having its front cutting edge extending to the front end of the angle plates, and the mouth plate also arranged at the front end of the angle plates above the cutting edge, said mouth plate consisting of a flat piece arranged vertically being adjustable vertically of the front end of the plane said angle plates constituting the gage frame and being free from projecting portions forward of the cutting edge, substantially as described.

5. A chamfer plane comprising the body formed of the angle plates, the side plates and the inclined plate rigidly connected thereto, the cross or front plate 4 constituting with them the box, the cutter arranged within said box projecting under the front plate and having a cutting edge adapted to form a rib or depression and the mouth piece carried by the front plate it and having a projection at its lower end extending substantially at right angles to the body of the mouth piece and conforming to the cutting edge, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ALFRED A. CURRY.

Witnesses:
A. M. WOOSTER,
P. M. REYNOLDS.

No. 515,063 – Plane (Justus A. Traut And Christian Bodmer) (1894)

[paiddownloads id=”502″]515063

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT AND CHRISTIAN BODMER, OF NEW BRITAIN,
CONNECTICUT; SAID BODMER ASSIGNOR TO SAID TRAUT.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 515,063, dated February 20, 1894.
Application filed August 9, 1893. Serial No. 482,771. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JUSTUS A. TRAUT and CHRISTIAN BODMER, citizens of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to adjustable-mouth planes, the object being to furnish means for adjusting the mouth-slide and for holding the same in place.

In the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a plan view of a portion of a plane furnished with our present improvements. Fig. 2 is a sectional side view of the plane. Figs. 3 and 4 are views similar to Figs. 1 and 2, respectively, for illustrating the mode of operation of the improvement. Fig. 5 is a view-similar to Fig. 1, showing a modification of the improvement. Fig. 6 is a sectional side view of a portion of the same. Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 1, showing another modiication.

Similar characters designate like parts in all the figures.

Referring to Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the letter B designates the forward portion of an ordinary iron smoothing-plane of the class which are usually provided with a mouth-slide, also sometimes designated as an “adjustable front,” for regulating the width of the mouth 2, of the plane. The usual plane-iron or cutter is shown in place at 3, held under the forward end of the ordinary clamp, 4, in a well known manner.

The mouth-slide designated by 5, is shown provided with a stud, 6, preferably rigidly fixed therein as indicated in Figs. 2 and 4. Said stud 6 extends upward through the forward end, 7, of the plane-frame, and is provided on its threaded upper end with a clamping nut, 8, whereby to hold the mouth-slide in place.

According to our present improvements, the plane is furnished with a mouth-slide actuator, designated in a general way by D, and whose principal portion constitutes an adjustable block or thrust member, designated by 9, intermediate to some part of the mouth-slide and a suitable fixed stop-abutment, as, for instance, the pin 10, on the plane-frame. In the preferred form thereof shown in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive, said actuator consists, essentially, of an eccentric disk 9; this is shown provided with a loop or outer bar, 11, bearing against the opposite side of the aforesaid abutment-pin 10, as clearly shown in said figures. By turning the actuator D toward the right-hand or left-hand, as for instance from the position shown in Figs. 1 and 2 to that shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the mouth-slide will be moved, in the present instance toward the right-hand for widening the open space, 2′ , between said slide and the cutter 3, as will be seen by comparison of said figures of the drawings. The actuator D, being set on the plane-frame underneath the clamp-nut 8, is thereby rigidly held in place when said nut is screwed down for holding the mouth-slide.

The actuator D is shown pivotally supported on the stud 6 of the month-slide 5, so that in connection with the actuator slot 12, and the abutment-pin 10, said actuator holds the mouth-slide positively against movement in either direction; said abutment-pin fitting closely but freely within said slot, and the forward and rearward sides of said pin constituting oppositely-disposed stop-abutments.

In Figs. 5 and 6 we have shown a modification of the invention, in which the actuator, here designated by D’, consists of an eccentric disk 9’, which fits on the clamp-screw 8’, and works between the forward and rearward abutrnents 14 and 15, of the plane-frame (see Fig. 6) so as to control the position of the mouth-slide in substantially the same manner as described in connection with Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive. Said disk 9′ is shown furnished with a knurled rim 16, whereby the operator may conveniently turn the actuator for adjusting the mouth-slide.

In Fig. 7 there is shown a further modification of the improvement, in which the actuator D” consists of a flat lever 17, fitted over the stud 6, (this being the same as the one shown in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive) and having a pin or stud, 18, fitting in an eccentric groove, 19, between the forward and rearward abutments 20 and 21, formed on the plane-frame and corresponding to those shown in Figs. 5 and 6 and also (in reverse order) to the forward and rearward sides of the abutment-pin 10 shown in Figs.1, 2, 3 and 4. In Fig. 7, the clamp-nut is omitted for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the other features; but it is or may be the same as the one shown in Figs. 2 and 4. In Figs. 5 and 6, the clamp-screw 22 is shown formed integral with the head 8’, and in working engagement with the corresponding internal thread of the mouth-slide, as will be understood from Fig. 6.

Having thus described our invention, we claim —

1. In a plane, in combination, aplane frame having a stop-abutment upon the upper face thereof, a mouth-slide having a fixed stem, vertical thereto, an independently operable mouth-slide actuator supported upon the upper face of the plane-frame and engaging the stem and stop-abutment so as to rotate about said stem and against said abutment, and means for clamping said actuator against the plane-frame, substantially as described.

2. In a plane, in combination, the plane-frame having an abutment or stop upon the upper face thereof, a mouth-slide, a stern fixed at one end to the mouth-slide and having a clamp-nut adjustably secured to its opposite end, an independently operable eccentric loosely carried by the stem intermediate to the upper face of the frame and the clamp-nut and in engagement with the abutment, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.
CHRISTIAN BODMER.

Witnesses:
G. W. TRAUT,
H. C. HINE.

No. 514,226 – Carpenter’s Plane (Charles S. Hinnershotz) (1894)

[paiddownloads id=”501″]514226

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHARLES S. HINNERSHOTZ, OF READING, PENNSYLVANIA.

CARPENTER’S PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 514,226, dated February 6, 1894.
Application filed February 4, 1893. Serial No. 460,977. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES S. HINNERSHOTZ, a citizen of the United States, residing at Reading, in the county of Berks, State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Carpenters’ Planes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates more particularly to bench planes adapted to be constructed wholly or largely of metal.

The main objects of the invention are, first, to simplify the construction, and the setting and fastening of the bit, and second to make the operation more satisfactory.

The novel features of the invention are fully described in connection with the accompanying drawings and are specifically pointed out in the subjoined claims.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a plane embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the stock or bed. Figs. 3 and 4 are separate views of the bit-iron and of the adjustable spring plate which forms a portion of the sole.

The stock or bed A as shown is a casting, of which the main part of the base plate a3 forms the rear portion of the sole while the part of said plate forward of the mouth c’ is raised to a higher plane and has secured to its under side by means of a screw bolt b at its forward end a spring plate A’, the rear free end of which extends to the mouth c’ and is capable of being pressed downward from its normal position by means of an adjusting screw b’. This adjustable plate thus forms the forward portion of the sole.

The bit iron C is a plain plate of steel ground to a cutting edge c and slightly curved. This is placed upon the upper face of the base plate a3 of the stock with which it may lie substantially parallel as shown, the curve however being sufficient to permit the cutting edge c to be projected through the mouth c’. It is clamped to the stock by means of a fastener D. This is provided with a clamping screw E as usual, which in pressing downward the rear end of the bit-iron upon the transverse rib a2 on the stock turns the fastener upon its fulcrum trunnions d3 which engage grooves a’ in the side walls a of the stock and causes the forward end d2 of the fastener to firmly clamp the forward end of the bit iron to the stock. This fastener is provided with a handle d and with a break-iron d’ which is carried upward in front of the handle and serves to effectually turn the shavings to one side.

By my improved construction I provide an exceedingly simple plane, very economical in manufacture yet more satisfactory in operation than any plane of its class with which I am acquainted.

Having thus fully described my invention I do not limit myself to the exact construction shown, but —

What I claim is —

The herein-described carpenter’s plane, consisting of the stock or bed, having the portion of the sole atthe rear of its mouth integral with it and the forward portion formed by a separate plate and adjustable to regulate the depth of the cut, said rear portion of the stock having a rib extending upward from its upper side; the curved bit-iron, extending through the mouth of the plane and engaging near its forward end the wall of said mouth and near its rear end the rib of stock; a combined handle and holder for the bit-iron, engaging the bit-iron at its forward end and fulcrumed to the stock near its said forward end; and an adjusting screw, engaging directly the handle at one end and the bit-iron at the other end, said screw serving to press downward and hold the rear end of the bit-iron against said rib and simultaneously to force and hold the forward end of the handle downward to clamp the forward end of the bit-iron against the stock, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES S. HINNERSHOTZ.

Witnesses:
ED. A. KELLY,
DAVID LEVAN.

No. 512,147 – Rabbeting-Plane (William Beddows) (1894)

[paiddownloads id=”500″]512147

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLIAM BEDDOWS, OF NOTTINGHAM, ENGLAND.

RABBETING-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 512,147, dated January 2, 1894.
Application filed August 27, 1892. Serial No. 444,288. (No model.) Patented in England January 28, 1892, No. 1,736.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM BEDDOWS, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Nottingham, in the county of Nottingham, England, have invented new and useful Improvements in Rabbeting-Planes, (for which I have obtained a patent in Great Britain and Ireland, No. 1,736, bearing date 28th January, 1892,) of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in side planes or those planes wherein the cutting edge of the iron or bit lies at the side, as contradistinguished from the bottom of the plane stock, and the object of said invention is to provide a plane of the class mentioned which is adapted to smooth the side walls of narrow grooves, quirks and beveled shoulders in wood work and which is constructed in a novel manner, whereby the edge of the iron or bit will give a clear cut, the iron being firmly bedded, fiat, and of a form capable of being sharpened and adjusted in the stock, so as to be used for a long period of time.

To these ends the invention consists in the novel construction and combination of parts hereinafter described and claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, wherein —

Figure 1, is a side elevation of a plane constructed according to my invention. Fig. 2, is an end elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view taken on the line x–x Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a plan view, the iron or bit and its retaining devices being removed. Figs. 5 and 6, illustrate, respectively, a face and an edge view of the plane iron or bit. Fig. 7 is a detail vertical sectional view of the iron or bit retaining plate. Figs. 8 and 9 are, respectively, plan and end views illustrating a different arrangement. Figs. 10, 11 and 12, illustrate, respectively, plan, edge, and end views of a triangular plane iron or bit. Figs. 13 and 14, illustrate, respectively, a side view and a longitudinal section of a construction particularly adapted for curved work. Fig. 15, is a detail transverse sectional view, illustrating another arrangement. Figs. 15a, 16 and 17, illustrate, respectively, a side elevation, an end view and a plan view of a further different arrangement. Figs. 18 and 19, are sectional views, taken, respectively, on the lines 18–18 and 19–19, Fig. 15a.

In said drawings the reference letter a designates the plane stock or body which is substantially triangular in section and of narrow dimensions transversely or in width and which is provided with a vertical working side face, the width of the upper part of the stock being comparatively large, so as to form a firm and strong bed or support for the iron and to give rigidity to the tool, while the lower part is extremely narrow and may be only one-tenth or one-twentieth of an inch in transverse section, so as to permit its entrance into narrow grooves in wood-work, to plane or smoothen the side walls of such grooves. Said stock is provided with an iron or bit-receiving channel b which extends from the top to the bottom of the stock a in an inclined, forward direction, as best shown in Figs. 1, 13, 15a and 20, of the drawings, and which also slants laterally, or extends in a transversely inclined direction from its commencing end b’ to its finishing end f.

In order to employ an iron or bit of flat form and having the advantages above described, in a stock which has an inclined mouth, that is to say, a mouth making any angle say from ten degrees to eighty-nine degrees with the bottom or riding edge of the plane, the iron or bit and its channel or bed are so inclined or canted with respect to the face or side of the plane stock as indicated by the reference letter b3, as to bring the cutting edge of the iron in the mouth when the iron or bit is in place in said channel. This will be better understood by reference to Figs. 1 to 6 and 15 to 19 of the drawings which show stocks with the mouth inclined at angles less than ninety degrees and by reference to Fig. 13, which represents a stock with the mouth at ninety degrees to the bottom or riding edge.

The reference letter c indicates the plane iron or bit having a cutting edge g formed at an angle with the side edge of the said iron or bit, the cutting end being of the same thickness as the remainder of the iron or bit and with a top beveled cutting edge, that is to say, the cutting edge when in place in the mouth slants away from the face, the fiat or unbeveled side of the iron being toward the bed, so that a thin or thick shaving may be produced and the acuteness of the cutting edge increased or decreased in sharpening as desired, the shavings being similar to those produced by ordinary surfacing planes in contradistinction to planes for cutting cigar lighters which have an inclined iron in a more or less rectangular stock and are designed to produce a shaving of a special form, and which cannot be used for surfacing, and which is adapted to be placed in and removed from the channel b, and when in operative position in said channel its cutting edge lies in the rearwardly inclined finishing end f of said channel.

The mouth f of the stock may be at any desired angle with respect to the bottom edge of the plane, the angle being different according as the plane is intended for surfacing soft, fibrous or hard woods, and as it is desired that the iron shall have a more or less shear cut.

The plane iron or bit c is firmly retained in position in the channel b as illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, by means of a retaining plate d which lies over the channel b and is provided with a flange d’ which bears upon the plane iron or bit c when it is forced in the proper direction by the screw e which passes through an orifice in said plate and has a screw-threaded engagement with the plane stock; a, as clearly shown.

In Fig. 15, I have shown the retaining plate held in place by a bolt e’ passing therethrough and through the stock a, a nut e2 engaging the end thereof, by turning which nut the retaining plate is tightened to clamp the plane iron or bit in place, or loosened to permit its removal.

In Figs. 8 and 9, the plane iron or bit c is shown retained in place by means of a wedge h, the retaining plate d, and its screw or bolt being dispensed with. In this construction the upper part of the stock a is enlarged so as to receive the plane iron or bit and wedge, the wedge being driven into place in the channel to forcibly hold the iron or bit within the channel.

In Figs. 10, 11 and 12 a plane iron or bit c’ is shown triangular in cross section so that it will accurately fit and fill the channel b, which is also triangular in cross section.

A plane particularly adapted for curved work is illustrated in Figs. 13 and 14 wherein the dimensions of the bottom edge of the stock a’ are greatly reduced. In these figures I have also shown a different arrangement of devices for retaining the plane iron or bit in place, that is to say, a retaining lever j and thumb screw k, the fulcrum of the lever being a bar, bridge or pivot l, fixed to or cast in one piece with the stock a’, as shown in section Fig. 14.

In Figs. 15a to 19, I have shown other means for retaining the plane iron or bit in place, wherein the letter a indicates the plane stock; b, the channel and c, the plane iron secured in the channel by the retaining block d3 and screw e3 which engages the screw socket in the retaining block d3 and bears at its inner end against the plane iron c.

It will be understood that the degree of inclination possessed by the channel b herein described may be varied to suit different conditions without departing from the scope of my invention, and that a side rabbeting plane having a stock wide at the top and narrow at the bottom so as to be capable of entering narrow grooves and yet forming a strong, firm support for a single, flat or triangular section top beveled adjustable iron or cutter, which lies in the bed of the stock which bed is inclined from top to bottom and also slants transversely of the stock and is capable of being easily clamped or secured in position in said bed, may be made with the bottom or riding edge of various lengths according as the tool is intended for straight or curved work, for rough or fine work, and also that the mode or means of clamping the iron or bit may be varied, the wedge as in Figs. 8 and 9 being preferable for deep narrow grooves and the means shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 13,15, 16, 17, and 18 being more desirable for shallow grooves or large work. For this reason three methods of clamping are shown and described. The plane stock is so shaped at its upper part as to be easily held in the hand of the user.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is —

1. In a plane, the combination with a transversely narrow stock, having a vertical working side face, and provided with a channel which is inclined from top to bottom of the stock and slanted transversely of the stock, and one side wall of which is canted, whereby said channel terminates in a rearwardly inclined opening in the vertical working side face of said stock, of a plane iron located in said channel with its cutting edge lying in a rearwardly inclined direction with respect to the working face of the stock, and means for holding said plane iron in position, substantially as described.

2. In a side rabbet plane, the combination with a channeled plane stock of substantially triangular section and having a slit or mouth in the vertical side face thereof, of a uniform iron or cutter having a top beveled cutting edge angularly to the sides of the iron or cutter, and devices for holding said iron or cutter in position, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM BEDDOWS.

Witnesses:
EDW. D. HEARN, Junr.,
6 Victoria Street, Nottingham.
ISAAC GALE.

No. 512,084 – Bench-Plane (Granville W. Wright And Albert A. Page) (1894)

[paiddownloads id=”499″]512084

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

GRANVILLE W. WRIGHT AND ALBERT A. PAGE, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT,
ASSIGNORS TO THE SARGENT & COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 512,084, dated January 2, 1894.
Application filed May 15, 1893. Serial No. 474,270. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, GRANVILLE W. WRIGHT and ALBERT A. PAGE, of New Haven, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented a new Improvement in Bench-Planes; and we do hereby declare the following, when taken in connection with accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, and which said drawings constitute part of this specification, and represent, in —

Figure 1, a view in side elevation of one form which a plane constructed in accordance with our invention may assume; Fig. 2, a plan view thereof; Fig. 3, a view thereof in central vertical longitudinal section on the line a–b of Fig. 2; Fig. 4, a view of the plane in transverse section on the line c–d of Fig. 3; Fig. 5, a view in transverse section through the stock of the plane on the line e–f of Fig. 1; Fig. 6, a detached view through the clamp of the plane on the line g–h of Fig. 2; Fig. 7, a detached plan view of the box or housing; Fig. 8, a similar view thereof in side elevation; Fig. 9, a detached reverse plan view of the secondary adjusting lever.

Our invention relates to an improvement in bench-planes, the object being to produce at a low cost for manufacture, a simple, light, durable and convenient article.

With these ends in view, our invention consists in a bench-plane having certain details of construction as will be hereinafter described and pointed out in the claims.

In carrying out our invention we form a stock A, from a single piece of heavy sheet-metal, which is struck into the required shape, the stock having the usual side flanges A’, and in addition thereto upturned end flanges A2 A2, into which the side flanges merge, as clearly shown by Figs. 1, 2 and 3 of the drawings. The stock thus formed will naturally have rounded side and end corners a, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5 of the drawings, that being an advantageous form, as such corners are less liable to mark or mar the article being planed than the sharp corners of planes having their stocks cast. The said stock is constructed with a transverse slot A3, located in the usual place, its rear wall of being beveled, as shown by Fig. 3 of the drawings.

Within the stock we locate a box or housing B, which we preferably strike up from a single piece of sheet-metal. This box may be said to be U-shaped in transverse section, and is arranged with its open side downward, as shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings, its edges being furnished with projecting lugs b b, by means of which it is secured to the stock A, the bottom of which is thereto provided with openings of suitable form to receive the said lugs. The box tapers gradually from its rear to its forward end, so as to form an inclined bed for the bit C, of the plane to rest upon. It also tapers laterally, growing wider from its rear to its forward end, so that it will form a wide bearing for the bit behind the cutting edge thereof. The vertical taper of the box is clearly shown by Fig. 8 of the drawings, while its lateral taper is seen in Fig. 7 of the same.

About midway the length of its inclined upper face or bed, the box is provided with a coupling-stud D, which stands at a right angle to the said bed. At its rear end the box is constructed with an elongated slot E, through which the teeth f of the primary adjusting-lever F, project, the said lever being hung upon a horizontal pin G, the ends of which are mounted in the sides of the box. Two thick washers G’ G’ located upon the said pin G, on opposite sides of the said lever F, prevent the same from lateral displacement on the pin. The outer end of the said lever is provided with an open longitudinal slot F’, which receives the knurled edge of an adjusting-nut H, mounted upon a threaded stud H’, secured in a vertical position to the rear end of the stock A. We do not, however, claim the said lever, nut or stud as new, for corresponding parts have been before employed for the same purpose in bench-planes. We have called the lever in question the primary adjusting lever because its function is to move the bit longitudinally to project its cutting edge from or withdraw it into the slot A3 for securing more or less depth of cut as required. The bit C is constructed upon its under face with a series of transverse grooves c, which are taken into by the teeth of the primary adjusting lever F, and which are located in the rear of its longitudinal slot C’, with which it is provided to adapt it to fit over the coupling-stud D, and be longitudinally adjusted. A secondary adjusting-lever I, projecting at its rear end slightly beyond the rear end of the bit, is pivotally attached to the lower face thereof by means of a screw I’, the forward end of the said lever being offset as at i, and then extended forward, whereby it is adapted to enter the open rear end of the box or housing B, with the side walls of which its forward edges engage to secure a purchase for the lateral adjustment of the bit, which it shifts to keep square with respect to the position of its cutting edge in the transverse slot A3 in the stock. The offsetting of this secondary lever in order to enable it to enter the rear end of the housing, will be proportional to the thickness of the metal from which the housing is formed.

We do not broadly claim a bit having a secondary adjusting lever secured to its lower face as described, except when its forward end is offset downward to adapt it to enter last the housing. We have called the lever described the secondary adjusting lever, because its function of laterally adjusting bit for squaring its edge in the slot in the the body of the stock seems secondary to the longitudinal adjustment of the bit.

The clamp J, of our improved plane, we prefer to strike from a single piece of sheet-metal in substantially the form which clamps of bench-planes ordinarily have, except as will be specified. Toward its forward end the clamp is constructed with an opening J’ , adapted in size to pass the head of the coupling-stud D, and with an open slot J2, leading forward from the said opening, and narrower than the same, the said slot being flanked on each side by horizontal flanges J3 J3, which form bearings for the head of the said stud. Under this construction the clamp is adjusted over the coupling-stud upon the bit, and then drawn rearward for locking it in place, and the more it is pushed rearward after it is in place, the tighter it will clamp the bit. This is an obviously advantageous construction, for when the plane is used, the tendency will be for the bit to be pushed rearward, and thus to only more firmly lock the clamp in place. In planes as ordinarily constructed, the operation of the clamp is just the reverse of this. The clamp is provided in its rear end with an internally threaded socket K, which receives an adjusting-screw L, which is staked, or otherwise secured into a sheet-metal hand-wheel M. The head L’ of the screw projects below the outer face of the wheel in position to be engaged with the upper face of the bit to the rear of the slot C’ therein, in the ordinary manner.

In our improved plane as herein described, the stock, the housing or box located therein to form a bed for the bit, the clamp, and the hand-wheel are struck from sheet-metal. We would have it understood, however, that we do not limit ourselves to using the said parts in combination, but we may use any one of them, or any combination of them. By constructing the said parts of sheet-metal, we secure lightness and rigidity, and an increase of room within a plane of given size. We are also enabled to give the plane pleasing lines, and to produce it at a comparatively low cost for manufacture, and obviously the sheet-metal enables it to be given at a comparatively small expense, a very high finish. Nor do we limit ourselves to the particular construction and arrangement of parts shown and described, for the devices represented for adjusting the bit both longitudinally and laterally, may be replaced by other devices.

We would therefore have it understood that we do not limit ourselves to the construction herein shown, but hold ourselves at liberty to make such variations therefrom as fairly fall within the spirit and scope of our invention. We are aware, however, that we are not the first to utilize sheet-metal in the construction of bench-planes, a plane having a wooden stock reinforced by a wrought metal covering being old.

Having fully described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. A bench-plane having its clamp struck out from a single piece of sheet-metal, and provided within its rear end with an internally threaded socket, which receives the adjusting screw carrying the hand-wheel, and constructed at its forward end with an opening, and with an open slot leading forward from the said opening and narrower than the same, the said slot being flanked on either side by flanges set inward from the face of the clamp, substantially as described.

2. A bench-plane having its clamp constructed with an opening to receive the coupling-stud of the plane, and with an open slot narrower than the said opening, extending forward therefrom and flanked on each side by horizontal flanges set down below the face of the clamp, substantially as described.

3. A bench-plane having a sheet-metal stock, having up-turned side and end flanges, a sheet-metal box or housing secured thereto with its open side downward, by means of lugs formed upon its lower edges, inclining and widening fromits rear to its forward end and forming an inclined bed for the bit, a bit and a wide bearing just back of the cutting edge thereof, a sheet-metal clamp, a clamping-screw carried thereby, and means for adjusting the bit longitudinally and laterally, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof we have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

GRANVILLE W. WRIGHT.
ALBERT A. PAGE.

Witnesses:
ROBERT MACARTHUR, Jr.,
JOHN B. FREYSINGER, Jr.

No. 511,349 – Plane (Henry Merz) (1893)

[paiddownloads id=”498″]511349

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

HENRY MERZ, OF POLLASKY, CALIFORNIA.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 511,349, dated December 26, 1893.
Application filed May 1, 1893. Serial No. 472,568. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY MERZ, of Pollasky, in the State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to planes for carpenters and the like, and has for its object to improve devices of a similar character which have been heretofore employed.

The invention consists of the detail construction, combination and arrangement of parts, substantially as hereinafter fully set forth, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings: — Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of my improved plane. Fig. 2 is a view of the cutting blade detached. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the cap-plate, screw and adjuncts. Fig. 4 is a detail perspective view of a part of the adjusting mechanism. Fig. 5 is a bottom plan view of the cap plate and adjustments in connection therewith. Fig. 6 is a rear end elevation of the clamp and cap plate.

Referring to the drawings, A designates the main or body portion of the plane, having the ordinary opening a which terminates in the transverse slot a’ through which the cutting blade B projects. In this cutting blade is a T-shaped opening, in the outer end of which is a lug b forming a pivot point. In the rear inclined wall of opening a is set a metallic plate b’ into a threaded opening in which is screwed a screw C, the head d of which has an overhanging lower flange d’.

D is a cap plate having a longitudinal slot d2, and a rear central cut away portion d3, and two corresponding sockets d4 on either side of said cut-away portion. To the under side of this cap-plate is fastened a spring-plate E from which extend parallel arms e free at their outer ends.

F is a clamp which fits between sockets d4 and is pivoted by a rod f supported by said sockets. This clamp is rounded at its pivoted end and is provided with two curved cam-lugs f’, which when the clamp is lowered will extend through the cut-away portion of the cap-plate and bear upon the free ends of the spring-arms, causing the latter to bind against the upper surfaces of the cutting blade.

G is a block having upper shoulders g, and a threaded projection g’ which is extended up through slot d2 of cap-plate D and upon it is screwed a nut g2 designed to bind against a washer g3 extending across said slot. The shoulders g are drawn against the lower walls of slot d2, said walls being made tapering. The lower end of block G has an acute lip g4 extending therefrom and designed to engage with the overhanging portion of the headed screw G. The lip is formed into somewhat of a point at about its center so as to securely engage the head of the screw and be held stationary. Through a threaded opening in this block extends a screw rod H, which fits in the T-shaped opening of the cutting blade. A socket in the outer end of this screw-rod receives the lug b. Adjacent to this end is a milled head h, by which the screw rod is readily and easily turned.

The operation of my improved plane is readily understood from what has gone before. To quickly effect the adjustment of the cutting blade the operator raises the clamp so as to release the frictional engagement between the cutting blade and cap-plate, permitting the spring arm to be free. By turning the screw rod the cutting blade can be moved in either direction, the block secured to said cap-plate being stationary by reason of the engagement with the screw C. After the cutting blade has been adjusted the operator closes down the clamp and the cam-lugs thereof bind the spring arms down on said cutting blade, making a firm frictional contact therewith and holding the cutting blade in position. By turning the screw-rod the cutting blade can still be further adjusted but is firmly held at any desired point, the cap-plate being stationary by reason of the engagement of the acute lip of the block with the head of the screw C.

The advantages of my invention are apparent to those skilled in the art to which it appertains, and it will be specially observed that the mechanism employed is simple and not liable to readily get out of order.

I claim as my invention —

1. The herein described plane, comprising a body with a slot or opening therein, a headed stud or screw C arranged obliquely and having a flanged head, a blade having a longitudinally disposed slot with a pivot at the central upper portion of the same, a cap plate with a slot therein in which is adjustably mounted a block formed with a shouldered groove engaging said flanged head of the stud or screw, and having a screw threaded opening extended transversely therethrough, a spring clamp having its upper end pivotally connected to the upper portion of the said cap plate, and a screw rod located in the said longitudinally disposed slot of the blade, and having a milled nut thereon whose upper end engages the pivot at the upper end of said slot in the blade, said nut being located in the slot, substantially as described.

2. The herein described plane comprising a body having a stud or screw therein with a flanged head, a blade having a longitudinally disposed slot with a pivot at the upper terminating wall of the same, a cap plate provided with a slot and having sockets at the upper portions of the same with a central cutaway part, a block adjustably mounted in the slot of the cap plate, and formed with a lower shouldered groove to engage the flanged head of the said stud or screw, a spring clamp mounted on the cap plate and having its upper end pivotally located in the cut-away part of the latter, and pivoted to the sockets thereof, having parallel arms e, which are free and bear against the blade to produce a spring action and a screw rod H mounted in the longitudinally disposed. slot of the blade and extending through the aforesaid block, said screw rod having a milled nut on the upper end thereof for adjusting the blade and having its upper surface rotatably engaging the said pivot, said nut being revoluble in the slot of the blade, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HENRY MERZ.

Witnesses:
W. R. THOMAS,
G. M. McGUIRE.

No. 510,096 – Bench-Plane (Jacob Siegley) (1893)

[paiddownloads id=”497″]510096

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JACOB SIEGLEY, OF WILKES-BARRÉ, PENNSYLVANIA.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 510,096, dated December 5, 1893.
Application filed May 21, 1892. Serial No. 433,924. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JACOB SIEGLEY, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Wilkes-Barré, in the county of Luzerne and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to certain improvements in bench-planes, and the same consists of a cast-iron bottom and steel side-plates riveted to lugs of said bottom, and of a cap that is provided with a shoulder having set-screws, said shoulder resting on a transverse rod extending between the sides of the supporting frame and screws in said shoulder permitting the adjustment of the cap into higher or lower position, all of which will be fully described hereinafter and finally pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a side elevation of my improved bench-plane. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section of the same. Fig. 3 is a detail vertical transverse section on line 3 3, Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a bottom view of the front part of my improved bench-plane, and Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the throat-piece as detached from the plane.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the frame of my improved bench-plane, which is composed of a cast-iron bottom plate a, provided with lugs a’ that are cast integral therewith, and of upright steel side plates a2 which are attached by rivets that are inserted into the lugs or bosses a’, as shown clearly in Fig. 3. By making the sides of steel plates a much lighter and more durable frame for bench-planes is obtained. To the rear part of the bottom plate a is attached the main handle H, while the knob h at the front end of the plane is provided with a spindle h’ having a threaded lower end that takes into an interiorly-threaded boss B’ of a detachable throat-piece B which is supported against the underside by the front part a3 of the bottom of the frame A, said bottom being a short distance from the lower edge of the frame, so as to provide for the throat piece B and bring the under side of the same accurately at a level with the under side of the main part of the bottom plate a, as shown in Fig. 2. The throat piece can be adjusted toward the blade C and cap D of the latter, as the boss of the same permits the shifting action to a certain extent in the opening of the front part a3 of the bottom plate, the knob h with its spindle h’ serving to tightly retain the throat piece on the front part of of the bottom plate. The rear end of the throat piece is provided with an upwardly inclined flange b, along which the shavings pass, as they are out off by the edge of the blade, the said flange guiding the shavings and preventing them from curling in passing up through the throat of the plane. The cap D is made tapering at its lower end, so as to bear on the blade C, while the upper end is provided with a screw D’ by which the blade C is rigidly held in position in the stock of the plane. The under side of the blade is provided with transverse grooves m, that are engaged by the tooth e of a fulcrumed arm E, the forked lower end E’ of which is engaged by a collared sleeve F that is adjustable on a fixed screw G on the fixed block J of the frame A so as to adjust thereby the blade in the stock. The cap D is provided with shoulder d which rests against the transverse rod d’ that connects the upper part of the steel side plates a2, as shown in Fig. 2, said shoulder being provided with set-screws d2 the lower ends of which bear against the transverse rod d’ said set-screws serving for raising or lowering the cap, so as to adjust it accurately in its relative position to the blade. The under side of the main part of the bottom plate a and the under side of the throat piece B are provided with longitudinal corrugations f by which the friction of the bottom of the plane with the surface to be planed is considerably reduced and an easier working than with the solid smooth bottom produced.

The bench-plane described is light and durable and the shavings are not curled in passing through the throat of the plane. The bottom corrugations facilitate the working of the plane, while the cap can be adjusted into higher or lower position, so that it is readily adjusted into its proper relative position to the plane, even as the cutting edge of the same is ground off by use.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

l. A bench-plane, the frame or stock of which is formed of a cast-iron bottom having bosses or lugs, upright steel side plates and rivets for attaching said side plates to the bosses of the bottom, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with the stock of a bench-plane having a fixed transverse rod, of a blade, a cap supported on said blade, said cap being provided with a shoulder above the transverse rod and set screws passing through said shoulder so as to permit the adjustment of the cap relatively to the blade, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JACOB SIEGLEY.

Witnesses:
JOHN A. SAYER,
J. G. KAUFER.

No. 508,427 – Spokeshave (Herbert D. Lanfair) (1893)

[paiddownloads id=”496″]508427

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

HERBERT D. LANFAIR, OF ERVING, ASSIGNOR TO THE
MILLER’S FALLS COMPANY, OF MILLER’S FALLS, MASSACHUSETTS.

SPOKESHAVE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 508,427, dated November 14, 1893.
Application filed July 3, 1893. Serial No. 479,446. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HERBERT D. LANFAIR, of Erving, in the county of Franklin and State of Massachusetts, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Spokeshaves, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification.

My invention relates to spoke shaves, used by hand, upon a great variety of work.

In the drawings like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

The particular part of the spoke shave to which my present invention relates is the shoe, so called, and is the bearing surface upon which the face part of the shave rests while in operation.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents a plan view of a spoke shave, the face or shoe side shown upward. Fig. 2 represents asectional view on line x–x of Fig. 1. Fig. 3, represents the shoe detached from the body.

A is the body of the shave; C, the handles, at either one or both ends of body A.

B is the shoe.

The body A. is preferably formed of metal in the usual manner. The blade or cutter D, is secured to the body A, by screws d or other well known means. The body, A, at points indicated by letter g, is slotted, so that the ends of shoe B, made with a tenon, at either end, indicated by b, will fit the slots, and the shoe will be held in place in the slots by set screws a a. The inner edge of the shoe B next the cutter or blade, of course is placed nearly to the edge of the blade, the opening being varied to suit the work, and the shavings or chips will pass up through this opening and be discharged in the usual manner.

The shoe B. is formed removable and it being formed alike at both ends b, b, is also reversible. The shoe B, being so made adjustable and also removable and the ends formed alike and consequently reversible, end for end, the shoe is further provided with four faces, indicated by c. c’. c2. and c3. New by reversing the shoe B. and also by simply turning it over, we will have formed four distinct bearings or surfaces for the shave, and of course, adapted to different styles of work.

Now, by referring to Fig. 3, the faces c. c’. c2. and c3. will be seen to be flat, oval, beveled and rounding, and they may be varied to best suit all ordinary work to which this class of tool is adapted.

If expedient several shoes may be provided to each shave and by this means a great variety of form of faces may be easily provided. One slice similar tothe one illustrated in Fig. 3. will cover all ordinary work. The shoe B. being adjustable in the slots at g, g, as described and the shoe being held at any point by set screws a. a. acting upon the tenons b. b. the width of the opening can be adjusted to a nicety; for instance, if the work is very hard and of fine grain, the opening can be made very small, or it can be made very large, and it also allows the use of cutters or blades of different thicknesses with equal facility and adjustment as to opening.

The principal point of novelty aside from that already named is the reversibility both as to side and ends, whereby the shoe provides four different and distinct forms of faces or surfaces.

I do not confine myself to the precise form of faces shown in Fig. 3, as the shoe may be made with concave, convex, flat, oval, round, or irregular surfaces or bearings and the removable shoe can be thus adapted to any A style or kind of work.

Having now described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is —

In a spoke shave, the shoe B. provided with the tenons b. b. and two or more faces and adapted to be removably and reversibly secured to the shave body by suitable means, I substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In witness whereof I have subscribed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, on this 17th day of June, A. D. 1893.

HERBERT D. LANFAIR.

Witnesses:
GEO. E. ROGERS,
H. E. GOODELL.

No. 508,386 – Plane (Oliver R. Hayworth) (1893)

[paiddownloads id=”495″]508386

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

OLIVER R. HAYWORTH, OF TARKIO, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR
OF ONE-HALF TO AMON A. CURFMAN, OF SAME PLACE.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 508,386, dated November 7, 1893.
Application filed May 18, 1893. Serial No. 474,692. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I OLIVER R. HAYWORTH, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Tarkio, in the county of Atchison and State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in bench-planes; and it consists in the particular construction and combination of the parts, as will be hereinafter fully set forth, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, Figure 1 is a side view of the plane, partly in section. Fig. 2 is a plan view. Fig. 3 is a rear elevation of the part of the plane against which the bit rests. Fig. 4 is a front elevation of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view of the front portion of the plane with the cover of the pivoted holding cap removed; and Fig. 6 is a sectional view through the line x–x of Fig. 3.

A designates the base or bed-piece of the plane, which is preferably made of wood, the side edges thereof being cut away, as shown at a, to receive the metallic side pieces B which are secured to said base by the screws or bolts b. The base is slotted in the usual manner for the passage of the bit, and it is also recessed in its upper surface to receive the frames which adjust and hold the bit.

C designates a knob-plate, which is apertured near its forward end for the passage of the screw which secures the front knob c to the base. In rear of the aperture for the knob the plate is slotted for the passage of a set-screw or bolt c’, and to the rear end of the knob-plate is pivoted the holding cap D the rear face of which is adapted to bear upon the cap-plate of the bit. The lower end of the pivoted holding cap is out away to allow a free passage of the shavings, and the inner sides of the connecting arms d d are beveled, as shown at d’, so that the shavings will be guided toward the center of the plane. The pivoted holding cap is made in two parts, one part constituting the main frame and the other a covering plate, D’, which covering plate retains in place spring-actuated arms E E which have at their lower ends projecting catches which engage with notches or recesses in the side pieces B B of the plane so as to retain the pivoted holding cap in proper position. Above the catches e e the arms are provided with projections e’, which extend through the side pieces of the pivoted holding cap and provide means for retracting the catches, said catches being normally projected by means of a flat spring e2 which is positioned as shown in Fig. 5. The upper ends of the arms are rounded as shown to provide bearing surfaces or pivots.

It will be seen that by the construction hereinbefore described the knob-plate can be adjusted longitudinally upon the base of the plane to take up the wear of the parts and also to permit the use of bits and cap-plates of different thicknesses.

To the metallic side pieces and the base is rigidly secured the seat or frog provided for the bit, indicated by the letter F. This seat or frog is out away centrally for the passage of the adjusting lever G, said lever being pivoted between lugs which project from the rear side of the seat or frog, and above and below the lever project lugs H H in which is seated an adjusting screw having a head of ordinary construction. The central portion of the adjusting screw is threaded and engages with a threaded aperture in a block I pivoted within the rear end of the adjusting lever, said rear end being bifurcated to receive the block. By this construction I am enabled to provide rigid bearings for the adjusting screw and position the same so that it will be on a line with the front bearing surface of the frog F. The block I is slotted for the passage of the pivot-pin.

The frog is provided with a transverse recess in which is secured a flat spring f the free ends of which bear upon the rear surface of the bit, and above this spring the frog is provided with another transverse recess for the reception of a plate g having outturned ends which engage with the sides of the plane-bit, the rear side of the frog being recessed to receive a lever K which is pivotally attached to the plate g and to a stud or projection on the frog, the recess for the lever opening into the recess in which the plate slides.

The lower end of the lever K is bifurcated to embrace the stud or projection. The bit and cap-plate therefor are of substantially ordinary construction and are connected to each other by the screw L, and above the screw the cap-plate has a recessed lug, M, with which the forward end of the adjusting-lever G engages.

It will be observed that by simply turning the thumb-screw H the bit and its cap-plate may be adjusted vertically, and that the bit can be adjusted so that its cutting edge will be on a line with the under side of the plane by the use of the lever K.

When it is desired to remove the bit from the plane-stock it can be readily accomplished by simply pressing upon the projections e’ e’ of the arms E E, which will retract the catches and permit the holding cap to be swung upon its pivot.

I am aware that prior to my invention it has been proposed to provide a bench-plane with means for vertically and laterally adjusting the bit, and I do not therefore claim such construction broadly; but

What I do claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. A bench plane comprising a wooden base having longitudinal side recesses, a transverse aperture of less width than the base through which the bit passes and recesses in front and rear of said transverse aperture, metallic side pieces secured to the base so as to lie partially in the longitudinal side recesses thereof, a knob-plate secured to the base so as to be located partially in the recess in front of the transverse aperture, a seat or frog attached to the base and metallic side pieces, the lower portion thereof lyin gin the recess in rear of the transverse aperture, and a holding cap pivoted to the rear end of the knob-plate, the parts being organized and combined substantially as shown, and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a plane, the combination, of a frog rigidly attached to the base and side pieces thereof, a cap-plate pivoted to the base of the frame and connected thereto so as to be adjustable longitudinally thereon, said cap-plate having catches which engage with recesses in the side pieces of the frame, for the purpose set forth.

3. In combination with a plane, the side pieces thereof having recesses on their inner sides, a holding cap which is pivotally secured to the base of the plane, said cap carrying spring-actuated catches which are adapted to engage with the recesses in the side pieces, for the purpose set forth.

4. In combination with a plane, a movable plate having pivoted thereto a cap-piece, said cap-piece having forwardly projecting portions the sides of which are cut away above the opening through which the bit passes, and catches for holding the cap-piece in engagement with the side pieces of the plane, substantially as shown.

5. In combination with a plane, an adjustable plate C, a holding cap having forwardly and downwardly extending portions pivotally attached to the adjustable plate, catches carried by the holding plate and adapted to engage with recesses in the sides of the plane, substantially as shown, and for the purpose set forth.

6. In a plane, the combination, of the pivoted holding cap the upper portion of which is recessed for the reception of arms having at their lower ends outwardly projecting catches and intermediate projections e’ e’ to provide for retracting the catches, together with a spring for projecting the arms, substantially as shown, and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

OLIVER R. HAYWORTH.

Witnesses:
A. L. GRAY,
C. R. BARROW.

No. 507,378 – Plane-Guide (John McKnight) (1893)

[paiddownloads id=”494″]507378

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN McKNIGHT, OF FREDERICTON, CANADA.

PLANE-GUIDE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 507,378, dated October 24, 1893.
Application filed September 24, 1892. Serial No. 446,794. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN McKNIGHT, of Fredericton, in the Province of New Brunswick and Dominion of Canada, have invented a new and Improved Plane-Guide, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in plane attachments, and the object of my invention is to produce a cheap and simple guide which may be attached to any kind of a plane, which is adapted to guide the plane so as to enable the edge of a board to be planed perfectly true and square, and which also may be adjusted so as to guide the plane in such a manner as to plane the edge of the board on any desired bevel.

To these ends my invention consists in a plane guide, the construction of which will be hereinafter described.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, in which similar figures of reference indicate corresponding parts in both the views.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the guide embodying my invention, showing it attached to a plane and with the guide block swung upward to permit the plane to be used in the ordinary way for surface planing; and Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the plane guide and plane showing the bottom of the plane and with the guide block in position for use.

The same guide is provided with two jaws or clamping pieces 10 and 11 which are adapted to be placed parallel with each other and fastened to the top portion of the plane to permit of the lateral adjustment of the jaws so as to enable them to straddle one side of the plane, as described below; they have what is substantially a hinge connection at the top, the jaw 11 having an onset 12a with a tongue 12 thereon which enters the upper portion of the jaw 10. The jaws 10 and 11 are provided with central vertical slots 13 and 13a through which extends a clamping bolt 14 having a suitable nut on one end, and by tightening the nut the jaws may be held together and clamped firmly to the plane 15. When the jaws are to be applied to the plane, the jaw 11 is placed inside the plane, that is, in the top recess of the plane, and the jaw 10 on the outside, as shown in Fig. 1. The jaw 10 has a laterally extending offset 16 at the bottom, on which is hinged an outwardly swinging arm 17, which arm has an outward bend at its free end, as shown at 18. The hinge connection between the arm 17 and offset 16, is formed by the bolt 19, which bolt is provided with a thumb nut 20 and by tightening the nut the arm 17 may be held in any desired position in relation to the offset 16.

The bent end 18 of the arm 17 is slotted laterally, as shown at 21, so as to permit the adjustment of the fastening screw 22 which is held in the arm, and this screw serves to bind the guide block 23 to the arm. This guide block is also slotted longitudinally, as shown at 24, and consequently the block and arm may be brought to any necessary position in relation to each other, the adjustment being necessary to enable the attachment to be applied to any kind of a plane.

The guide block 23 has at the end and on one side, a smooth flat bearing flange 25, the flange at the side of the block being adapted to fit against the side or edge of a board, and one of the end flanges being adapted to strike against the edge of the plane bottom, as shown in Fig. 2. When the guide block 23 is swung downward and fastened with its upper end against the plane bottom, the block will be held at right angles to the bottom of the plane, and if a board is to be edged, the guide block is permitted to run upon the flat face of the board and the plane knife is brought upon the edge so that a perfectly true and square edge may be produced even by a novice.

If the edge is to be planed on a bevel, the arm 17 and block 23 are adjusted so as to extend at an obtuse angle to the plane bottom, and when brought to the desired angle the thumb nut 20 is tightened so as to hold the arm securely in place, and by permitting the guide block to run upon the surface of the board, the edge may be planed on any desired bevel.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that this device is very cheap and simple, and the parts of it may be cast. It will also be seen that by reason of its adjustability, the guide may be attached to planes of any size, and the plane may be made to edge a board so as to produce a square edge or a bevel edge.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

1. In a plane guide, the combination with jaws for attaching the guide to a plane, and an adjustable arm, on one of the jaws, of a guide block longitudinally and laterally adjustable on said arrn, substantially as described.

2. In a plane guide, the combination with jaws, of an arm adjustably connected to one jaw and provided with a lateral slot, a guide block provided with a longitudinal slot, and a binding screw or bolt passing through the slots of the arm and guide block, substantially as described.

3. A plane guide, comprising two slotted and hinged jaws, one of which is provided with an offset, a clamping bolt passing through the slots of the jaws, an adjustable arm carried by the said offset, and an adjustable guide block carried by the arm, substantially as described.

4. The herein described plane guide, consisting of the slotted and hinged jawsc10 and 11, the jaw 10 being provided with the offset 16, the clamping bolt 14, the arm 17 pivoted to the offset by the bolt 19 and nut 20 and provided with the lateral slot 21, the guide block 23 provided with the longitudinal slot 24 and flanges 25, and the screw 22 securing the block to the arm, as specified.

JOHN McKNIGHT.

Witnesses:
J. B. GUNTER,
S. H. L. WHITTIER.

No. 505,119 – Bench-Plane (Eppie J. McCulloch) (1893)

[paiddownloads id=”493″]505119

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

EPPIE J. McCULLOCH, OF MANCHESTER, NEW HAMPSHIRE.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 505,119, dated September 19, 1893.
Application filed March 15, 1893. Serial No. 466,010. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EPPIE J. McCULLOCH, of Manchester, county of Hillsborough, State of New Hampshire, have invented an Improvement in Bench-Planes, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

My invention relates to a bench plane and is intended as an improvement on a plane of the kind shown in Letters Patent No. 294,825, dated March 11, 1884, to which reference may be had, the object of the present invention being to enable the plane to be used for moldings and a variety of similar kinds of work which cannot be performed by the plane shown and described in the said patent. The plane shown in said patent, to which the present invention may be applied, comprises a body portion or stock made in two parts which are adjustable toward and from one another to vary the width of the stock of the plane, one of said parts which may be called the main stock or body of the plane being provided with suitable handles to operate the same, and also being provided with laterally projecting rods or pins upon which the other portion of the body, or auxiliary stock, is supported, being made adjustable upon said pins toward and from the main stock so as to vary and adjust the width of the body of the plane. The said pins also support an edge gage or fence which regulates the distance of the cut from the edge of the board or piece of material that is being planed. These parts are all shown in the before mentioned patent in which the main and auxiliary stocks are described as made of cast metal; and as shown in the said former patent they have blades rigidly and permanently secured to them by rivets or otherwise which blades run upon the surface of the wood being planed and govern the depth of each cut like the stock or body of an ordinary plane. The main stock is provided with a suitable clamp to hold the cutter or plane iron, and in the plane shown in the before mentioned patent the blade of the auxiliary stock necessarily has its lower edge or sole always on the same level as the lower edge or sole of the main portion of the stock.

The present invention consists mainly in making the sole portion of the auxiliary stock vertically as well as laterally adjustable with relation to the main stock thus adapting the plane for use with an iron or cutter having a curved or irregularly formed cutting edge, the auxiliary stock being adjusted laterally to support or co-operate with the said cutter by giving the requisite width to the body or stock of the plane, and the blade portion of the auxiliary stock being also adjustable in a plane parallel with the main stock and in line with the slope of the cutter or iron so that its lower edge may be brought to the proper height with relation to the adjacent portion of the cutter to properly co-operate therewith in governing the depth of the cut. In other words while the sole portion of the stock of an ordinary molding plane is commonly shaped to correspond with the shape of the edge of the iron, the plane forming the subject of the present invention has what may be regarded as a skeleton stock having but two lines of bearing upon the surface being planed, and the adjustments provided for by this invention enable the said bearing lines to be brought in proper position with relation to the cutter whatever the shape of its cutting edge may be.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane embodying this invention; Fig. 2 a plan view thereof; Fig. 3 a side elevation of the body portion of the auxiliary stock detached; Fig. 4 a side elevation similar to Fig. 1, but with the gage removed; Fig. 5 a side elevation of the blade of the auxiliary stock detached, and Fig. 6 a transverse section on the broken line x6–x, Fig. 4.

The main portion aof the stock having the handles a2 and the blade or sole piece a3, the iron or cutter clamp a4 and the lateral rods a5, as well as the gage or fence b supported on said rods a5, may be of any suitable or usual construction, being herein shown as the same as in the bench plane shown in Letters Patent No. 294,825, before mentioned. The body portion c of the auxiliary stock may also be the same as in said patent except as to the means for connecting it with the blade or sole piece d, of said auxiliary stock, the said body portion being provided with sockets c2 to engage with the lateral rods a5 upon which the said auxiliary stock is adjustable laterally toward and from the main portion of the stock as in the patent before referred to, being secured in adjusted position thereon by suitable clamping screws c3. The said auxiliary stock has a suitable recess to accommodate the iron or cutter e and the portions at the front and rear of the cutter recess are connected by a lateral arch c4 which affords a free opening for the escape of shavings. Instead of having the blade or sole piece of the auxiliary stock made in two pieces each riveted or rigidly fastened to the body portion, one at the front and the other at the rear of the cutter recess, as in the before mentioned patent, so that nothing but lateral adjustability is provided for the sole portion of the auxiliary stock with relation to that of the main stock, the said blade or sole portion d is in accordance with the present invention preferably made in a single piece as best shown in Fig. 5, having a suitable recess d2 to accommodate the iron e and permit the escape of the shavings; or in other words the portions of said blade that are at the front and rear of the cutter or iron are connected by a portion d3 that extends over the top of the iron and the space in front of it. The said blade d is adjustably connected with the auxiliary portion c of the stock so that the lower edge of the said blade, forming the sole of the auxiliary stock, may be adjusted up and down with relation to the sole portion or blade of the main stock, as may be required to bring it to the proper relation to the cutter or iron when the edge of the latter is of such shape (as for example in the one shown in Fig. 6) that the portion of its edge which is nearest to the auxiliary stock must be at a different level from the edge of the blade a3 of the main stock in order to co-operate properly with the cutter. It is necessary for the proper co-operation of the blade d and the cutter e that the up and down adjustment of the blade d should be in line with the inclined cutter, and to properly provide for this the blade d is provided with slots d4 which embrace the lateral pins a5 of the main stock, while permitting the blade d to move up and down diagonally with relation thereto, and the body portion c of the auxiliary stock is provided with similarly inclined slots c5 to engage with fastening devices shown as clamping screws f extending into suitable holes d5 in the blade d. Thus by loosening the screws f the blade d may be slid up and down in line with the cutter e until its lower edge or sole portion is brought to the proper height to co-operate properly with the adjacent portion of the cutter so as to afford an additional or auxiliary support besides that afforded by the blade a3 of the main stock to regulate the depth of the cut and to guide the plane along the material being planed. The amount of up and down adjustment may be increased beyond the length of the slot c5 in the body of the auxiliary stock by having two or more suitably threaded screw holes d5 at different levels as shown in Fig. 5. By this construction the lower edge or sole portion of the blade of the auxiliary stock may be adjusted to any desired position both laterally and vertically with relation to the lower edge of the blade of the main stock, and the two thus constitute a universally adjustable stock which may be used with irons or cutters of any width and any shape of cutting edge within the limits commonly required for cutters having other than straight edges, thus greatly increasing the capacity of the tool over that of one in which there is no vertical adjustment of one portion of the stock relative to the other, so that it is in fact adjustable in width only.

I claim-

l. The combination of the main stock having a blade fixed thereon with an auxiliary stock laterally adjustable with relation to said main stock, and a blade supported on said auxiliary stock and vertically adjustable thereon, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. The combination of the main stock having a blade fixed thereon and lateral rods or pins, with an auxiliary stock adjustably supported on said rods, a blade connected with the said auxiliary stock having slots parallel with the iron or cutter of the plane embracing the rods, and means for fastening the said blade at different heights on said auxiliary stock, substantially as described.

3. The combination of the main stock, its blade, and rods projecting laterally from said stock; with the auxiliary stock adjustably supported on said rods and provided with slots c5 parallel with the iron or cutter of the plane, the blade d provided with a recess for the cutter, and having slots d4 parallel with the cutter embracing the rods of the main stock, and clamping screws f extending through the slots of the auxiliary stock, substantially as and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EPPIE J. McCULLOCH.

Witnesses:
CHAS. E. COCHRAN,
P. J. O’DONNELL.

No. 504,562 – Joiner’s Plane (John M. Cole) (1893)

[paiddownloads id=”492″]504562

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN M. COLE, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

JOINER’S PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 504,562, dated September 5, 1893.
Application filed April 15, 1893. Serial No. 470,429. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN M. COLE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, inthe county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Irnprovements in Joiners’ Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and enact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in joiners’ planes, and the invention consists in the construction of a plane substantially as shown and described and particularly pointed out in the claims.

ln the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal central sectional view of a plane equipped with my improvements. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the plane irons with the parts which are permanently attached thereto. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the metal bed which is seated centrally in a recess in the stock, as seen in Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 is a view of a modification of the invention in which an ordinary chisel is shown as being held with mechanisrn corresponding to the holding mechanism for the bit in Fig. 2, and as hereinafter more fully described.

A represents the stock of the plane, and B is a bed which is seated centrally in the body of the stock and fastened thereto by short screws b so as to make a firm and rigid seat for the attachment of the other parts. Connection is made with this bed for the bit or plane iron C by means of the substantially H shaped holder D, secured to the bit C and the cap E through the slot d by means of a screw e, Fig. 1. The bed B has ledges or ribs b’ on its inside along its lower portion which are engaged by the holder D in the relation and rnanner shown more particularly in Fig. 1. This engagement is made by placing the said holder into the recess or opening above the said ledges and then sliding the holder down under the ledges as far as may be necessary, and when thus introduced the said irons C and E and the holder D are firrnly fastened by means of the thumb screw F at the top ot the bit or iron C, which passes through the said bit and bears upon the adjustable bracket G at its inner end. This bracket has a depression or recess g into which the said screw F projects, and by reason of which and the bearing against the ledges b’ through the holder D the bit is prevented from becoming displaced after it has been adjusted and fastened.

For convenience of fastening the screw F in the bit and to give the desired bearing for the screw, I insert a threaded plug h through the hole in said bit and fasten the same by means of a nut h’, the threaded screw h thus adording a long threaded bearing on its inside for the screw F. These two parts h, and h’ of course may be reversed and the screw it may have a head upon the outside and the nut be placed upon the inside of the bit.

The bracket G is adapted to slide between the sides of the bed B, and upon the ledges of the bed immediately beneath the same, and it has a projection g’ with a threaded hole adapted to receive the thumb screw K, which is supported in the webs of the bed B, and is adapted to be rotated within its bearings. Then by turning the screw K the said bracket is carried gradually up or down upon the said bed and with it the parts shown in Fig. 2, when the said parts are sufficiently released to permit of such adjustment. Such release of course is effected through the thumb screw F, which serves to tighten them. This screw may be loosened enough to edect the finest needed adjnstrnent of the bit for cutting deeper or shallower, as may be required, and when this adjustment is accomplished the bit is again fastened by means of the screw F and all the parts are in readiness for use. It will be noticed that by this construction I dispense entirely with the usual clamping plate on the face or the bit, and which is usually arranged to overlap the cap E some distance above. The bed and the parts shown in Fig. 3 are designed to remain fixtures within the stock A while the parts shown in Fig. 2 are bodily removable when connected as there shown, by simply releasing the thumb screw F so as to detach it from the bed.

Having the plane constructed with the parts shown in Fig. 3, and with those shown in Fig. 2 removed, I have a construction remaining which is especially adapted to attach an ordinary ohisel L, shown in Fig. 4. lt is often desirable when a groove of narrow width is to be cut, or a channel plowed, to have a construction which will enable a chisel of greater or less width of edge to be placed on the plane to cut a correspondingly narrow channel. My construction is especially adapted to this conversion of the tool, and by means of the stirrup M having a screw m to engage the shank of the chisel, and a holder N constructed as shown to engage the body of the chisel, I am enabled to use a chisel as effectually as if the plane were originally made for this purpose alone. The holder N takes the place of the holder D in the structure, and has a set screw n to bear down upon the chisel and fix it to the holder, the same as the screw e in Fig. 1. The stirrup M has a slight projection m’ on its bottom adapted to engage in the bracket G where the screw F engages in Fig. 1. The plane may, therefore, be converted from the use of one tool to another with ease and facility, and it is therefore given a range of usefulness which makes it altogether a desirable construction.

The construction and operation of the parts will be clearly understood from the foregoing description and need not be more particularly entered into here.

In lieu of the chisel here shown any equivalent cutter or bit may be used, and a very narrow bit, or one the full width of the bed, or of intermediate size, can be adopted.

When for any reason it is desired to remove the cap E from the bit, as is the case when the bit is to be ground, it is only necessary to loosen the screw e, so that the holder D can be turned in line with the slot in the bit, and then the cap and holder are movable together.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. A plane provided with a suitable bed having ledges longitudinal on its inside, a separate holder for the bit engaging said ledges, adjusting mechanism at the upper end of the bit to fasten the bit, and an adjustable bracket I or seat on which said mechanism is held, substantially as set forth.

2. The construction herein described consisting of a separate bed hired in the plane stock and having inside ledges, a separate holder for the plane iron orbit locking on said ledges, a longitudinally adjustable bracket at the top of said bed, and a fastening device for the plane iron or bit bearing upon said bracket, substantially as set forth.

3. The plane having a separate bed fixed centrally therein, said bed having longitudinal ribs or ledges upon its inside and a holder and screw to fasten the bit to said ledges, in combination with an adjustable bracket at the upper end of the bit provided with an adjusting screw and fastening and adjusting mechanism for the upper end of the bit resting upon the said bracket, substantially as set forth.

4. The plane stock having a metallic bed fixed therein and a bracket at its upper end adjustable in said bed, in combination with the bit, a substantially H shaped holder and a screw to secure said bit between its ends to the bed, and a screw in the upper end of the bit bearing upon said adjustable bracket, substantially as set forth.

5. The stock and the bed fastened in the stock and provided with ledges on its inside, a holder for the bit constructed to engage and slide on said ledges and to secure the bit, in combination with a bracket in the upper end of the bed, and a screw to adjust the bracket, a threaded bearing in the upper end of the bit and a thumb screw in said bearing engaging said bracket, substantially as set forth.

Witness my hand to the foregoing specifcation this 5th day of April, 1893.

JOHN M. COLE.

Witnesses :
H. T. FISHER,
GEORGIA SCHAEFFER.

No. 502,906 – Plane (Louis Hardt) (1893)

[paiddownloads id=”491″]502906

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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LOUIS HARDT, OF YUBA CITY, CALIFORNIA.

PLANE.

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SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 502,906, dated August 8, 1893.
Application filed November 3, 1892. Serial No. 450,873. (No model.)

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LOUIS HARDT, a citizen of the United States, residing at Yuba City, Sutter county, State of California, have invented an Improvement in Planes; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

My invention relates to planes and it consists, broadly, in a stock the sole of which in advance of the main body portion and the bit iron is vertically and longitudinally adjustable with respect to the main body portion and bit iron, the adjustment in one direction causing the adjustment in the other direction whereby the depth of the cut and capacity of the throat are simultaneously increased.

The main object of my invention is to provide for an adjustable exposure of the cutting edge of the bit-iron without changing the position of the iron.

Another object is, by the peculiar adjustable front piece, to not only regulate the exposure of the cutting edge of the bit-iron, but also to vary the capacity of the throat.

The accomplishment of these objects results in providing a plane easily set to the different kinds of work, said plane having a perfect bearing surface or guide behind the knife, whereby it cuts true and smooth.

Referring to the accompanying drawings for a more complete explanation of my invention, — Figure 1 is a longitudinal, vertical section of my plane. Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse seetion on the line x–x of Fig. 1.

A is the flat-soled stock of the plane having the usual handle or toat B. In the stock is made the bed a in which is seated the bit-iron C held to place by the usual wedge D.

E is my movable or adjustable front piece of the stock. This is secured to the front of the stock in such a manner that it can move to and be fixed at diiferent heights, thereby exposing to a greater or less extent the cutting edge of the iron C. This front piece E forms the base or sole of the front portion of the stock, and it is obvious than when its sole is in line with the sole of the stock there is a perfectly smooth under surface throughout the length of the stock, and the cutting edge of the iron may come down to the plane of this surface, in which case it will not cut at all; but by moving the front piece E to a higher plane the cutting edge of the iron will be exposed, and by starting the plane at the end of the board it will cut a shaving equal in thickness to the exposure of said cutting edge, due to the elevation of the front piece E; or by starting the plane in the middle of the board and pressing down upon its forward edge, the cutting edge of the iron may catch a thin shaving and so start the necessary abutment or ridge behind which the iron may work forwardly, to plane the surface of the board. It is obvious that this movement of the piece E to different heights may be accomplished vertically, if desired. But I prefer, mainly for two reasons, namely, the accurate adjustment of the piece, and the varying of the capacity of the throat, to effect the imovement of the adjustable piece E upon an inclined plane, so that it moves both vertically and forwardly. To this end it will be seen that the top edge of the front piece E is inclined and fits under a corresponding incline on the undercut front of the stock in suitable guides therein, as shown in Fig. 2, so that its upward and forward movement is accurate. To hold this front piece in place and set it where adjusted, I have the following connections:

F is a vertical bolt passing down through an elongated slot a’ in the front portion of the stock and entering the piece E, its lower end engaging a nut f countersunk in said piece. The upper end of this bolt is provided with the head, furnishing a hand-hold G. By loosening this bolt the front piece E may be moved forwardly on its inclined plane, the bolt F moving in the slot a’; and it may be again tightened to hold the base E in the position desired.

In order to firmly secure the piece E, which on account of its inclined character, would be difficult with the bolt F alone, I have the horizontal stay bolt H which passes through an enlarged opening e in the movable front piece E, and enters the front of the stock A where it engages a countersunk nut h in said portion of the stock. This bolt has a head h’ whereby it may be easily operated. When bolt H is loosened the piece E may be moved. It will now be seen that by moving the front piece E forwardly and upwardly, its rear end will not only expose the cutting edge of the bit-iron C, but will also enlarge the throat. In a plane of this construction, there is no necessity for changing the position of the iron at all; but in case it be desired to reach hollow places the iron can be set out in the usual manner. For the planing of ordinary surfaces, however, the iron remains stationary and its set is effected by the adjustment of the front piece E. This plane has, therefore, a full and complete smooth bearing on the base or sole of its stock behind the iron, at all times, instead of as is usual, the formation of a hollow place behind a projecting iron, which has a tendency to produce a rocking of the stock.

In my plane a start can be made without resulting in a notch or imperfect place, and the set of the iron may be rapidly and accurately had by holding the plane at the end of the board and setting the front piece up to expose the required portion of the iron.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. In a plane, a stock the sole of which in advance of the main-body-portion and the bit-iron is vertically and longitudinally adjustable with respect to the main body-portion and bit-iron the adjustment in one direction causing the adjustment in the other direction, whereby the depth of the cut and capacity of the throat are simultaneously increased, substantially as herein described.

2. In a plane, a flat-soled stock having its forward end undercut on an upward incline in combination with a movable front piece forming the sole of the stock having a downward inclined upper surface in advance of the bit-iron, said piece having a downward inclined upper surface fitted under the inclined front of the stock, whereby it may move forwardly and upwardly to increase the exposure of the cutting edge of the iron and the capacity of the throat, substantially as herein described.

3. In a plane, a flat-soled stock having its forward end undercut on an upward incline, in combination with a movable front piece forming the sole of the stock in advance of the bit-iron, said piece having a downward inclined upper surface fitted under the inclined front of the stock whereby it may move forwardly and upwardly to increase the exposure of the cutting edge of the iron and the capacity of the throat, and suitable bolts connecting said front piece to the front of the stock, substantially as herein described.

4. In a plane, the combination of the flat-soled stock with its upward inclined undercut front, the fiat-soled movable front piece E of the stock having a downward inclined upper surface fitted to the inclined undercut front, and the securing bolt F fitted to said piece and movable in the front of the stock whereby the depth of the cut and the capacity of the throat are simultaneously increased, substantially as herein described.

5. In a plane, the combination of a flat sole stock with its upward inclined undercut front, the fiat sole movable front piece E of the stock having a downward inclined upper surface fitted to the undercut front the securing bolt F fitted to said piece and movable in the front of the stock, and the horizontal stay bolt F fitted to the front of the stock and piece E, whereby the depth of the cut and the capacity of the throat may be simultaneously increased, substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

LOUIS HARDT.

Witnesses:
H. A. SCHULTZE,
WM. F. BOOTH.