No. 274,600 – Rabbet-Plane (Oliver Hegglund) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”331″]274600

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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OLIVER HEGGLUND, OF OAKLAND, NEBRASKA.

RABBET-PLANE.

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SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 274,600, dated March 27, 1883.
Application filed December 5, 1882. (No model.)

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OLIVER. HEGGLAND, of Oakland, in the county of Burt and State of Nebraska, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Rabbet-Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention consists of a contrivance of the handle of a rabbet-plane for adjusting it into several different positions with relation to the plane, to adapt the plane for holding in different ways for different kinds of work, as hereinafter described.

Reference is to he had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a rabbet-plane with a handle applied according to my invention. Fig. 2 is an end elevation. Fig. 3 is a section of figures on line x x; and Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the nut employed, together with the binding-screw for securing the handle.

A represents the plane-stock, on the back end of which I attach the block B by screws a, so that it can be readily detached, said block having a recess, C, between ears D, wherein I pivot the handle E, as shown, on the binding-screw F, on which screw the handle can turn when not screwed up tight by the screw, the said screw being fitted in the ears D, and traversing the recess C, on which the handle is located, and screwing into a nut, H, in one of the ears in which said nut is fitted so as not to turn, so that it can draw up against the handle and bind it fast against the other ear.

K is a set-screw screwing into the recess from the back of the block and binding against the nut of the handle to secure it in any position in which it may be set. The handle is constructed with the bend L, for the purpose of enabling it to he turned over the back of the block B, as shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 2. The block B is detachably connected to the plane-stock, as before stated, for the purpose of detaching it and attaching a long straight handle projecting rearward of the plane-stock, and in line with it, when the plane is to be used for dressing deep mortises.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

1. In a rabbet or other plane, the combination, with the recessed block or support secured upon the rear end of the stock, of the pivoted handle having the bend L, the pivotal screw, and the holding or adjusting screw, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a rabbet or other plane, the combination, with the recessed block or support secured upon the rear end of the stock, of the handle having its hub arranged in the recess of said block, against which hub bears a holding or set screw, the pivotal screw, and binding-nut, fitted to slide in one of the ears of the block and to bear against one end of the handle-hub, and adapted to be operated by the pivotal screw, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

OLIVER HEGGLUND.

Witnesses:
JOHN GEDROW,
WALTER HEGGLUND.

No. 273,073 – Spokeshave (Andre S. Haynes) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”330″]273073

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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ANDRE S. HAYNES, OF ROME, NEW YORK.

SPOKESHAVE.

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SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 273,073, dated February 27, 1883.
Application filed August 15, 1882. (No model.)

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ANDRE S. HAYNES, of Rome, in the county of Oneida and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Combined Spokeshave and Chamfering-Tool, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention consists of the application of bevel gage-stops to a spokeshave in a manner to serve for gaging the spokeshave suitably for chamfering the corners of the work, the said stops being laterally and angularly adjustable for setting them to stop the shave at any required point, according to the amount and angle it is desired to chamfer the work, all as hereinafter fully described.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a plan view of my improved tool. Fig. 2 is partly a side elevation and partly a section on the line x x of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a cross-section on the line y y of Fig. 1.

I plane the under side of the stock a each side of the socket c for the plane d in a straight line with the face c, where the plane-bit f projects, and apply thereto the bevel gage-stops g, making them adjustable toward and from each other by bolting them on through slots h by thumb-screws i. The said gage-stops are notched at j to enable them to shift along the projecting plane-bit to set them as close together as the amount it is desired to chamfer the work may demand. The shanks k have bits or studsl at the outer ends, to bear in the grooves in of the spokeshave-stock a, to guard against lateral divergence of the stops by the friction on the work.

The gage-stops may be constructed on angles of forty-five degrees to the plane-bit, as for square work; but they will serve for work of other shapes, for it is not necessary that the faces bear fair upon the sides of the work. If the angle of the work is larger than the angle of the gages, they will bear at the lower edges, and if the said angle be smaller, they will bear at the upper edges.

If desired, different sets of stops may be constructed on different angles for special shapes of work. This arrangement of interchangeable stops with fixed heads or faces g is represented at the right-hand side of Fig. 2; but I make the stop-faces g angularly adjustable by pivoting them to the shank k, as at the left-hand side of Fig. 2, thereby permitting them to be used at one or both sides, and to be adjustable to any angle for chamfering more to one side or face of the work than the other, as will readily be understood.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

1. The combination of bevel gage-stops g with a spokeshave, said stops being adjustable toward and from each other and arranged to act on the opposite sides of the work to gage and stop the cutter on the angle, substantially as described.

2. The gage-stops g, having notch j, arranged with relation to the plane-bit f and said stops being adjustable along said plane-bit, substantially as described.

3. The adjustable gage-stops g, having guide studs l, in combination with the grooved stock a and plane-bit f, substantially as described.

4. The combination of bevel gage-stops g, adjustable toward and from each other with relation to the plane-bit f, and pivoted to their shanks k, to be angularly adjustable to the faces of the work, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

ANDRE S. HAYNES.

Witnesses:
P. R. HUGGINS,
A. O. HICKS.

No. 272,274 – Stop Chamfer Plane (Joseph Lee) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”329″]272274

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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JOSEPH LEE, OF GARNERVILLE, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-THIRD TO RICHARD FISHWICK, OF SAME PLACE.

STOP CHAMFER PLANE.

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SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 272,274, dated February 13, 1883.
Application filed August 12, 1882. (No model.)

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH LEE, of Garnerville, in the county of Rockland and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Stop Charnfer Plane, of which the following is a full clear, and exact description.

The object of my invention is to facilitate the cutting of chamfers of all kinds on the edges of posts, boards, &c.

The invention consists in a stop chamfer plane formed of two parallel bevel-guides united by adjustable cross rods, and carrying a cutting-blade which can be locked in position by a binding-screw.

The invention also consists in a transverse gage for facilitating the adjustment of the implement.

The invention also consists in the construction of details and in the combinations of parts, as will be more fully described hereinafter.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in both the figures.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved stop chamfer plane. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional elevation of the same.

The plane is composed of two beveled guides, A and B, which are parallel lengthwise, but have their sides inclined toward each other at right angles. The guide A is provided with two upwardly-projecting lugs, C, terminating in eyes D, united by a curved handle-piece, E. The eyes D are provided with binding-screws F. The beveled guide B is provided with upwardly-projecting lugs terminating in eyes D’, provided with binding-screws F’. Two cross-rods, G, each provided near one end with a V shaped bend, are passed through the eyes D D’, and can be locked in the desired position in the same by means of the screws F F’. A graduated transverse arm or gage, H, projects from the upper edge of the guide A, and passes through an eye or loop, J, on the upper edge of the bevel-guide B. The guides A and B are provided with triangular ridges or projections K K’ on the upper edges, the under edges of these ridges projecting downward from the rear toward the front of the plane. The triangular projection K’ has a wide upper edge, and the edge of the projection K is very narrow. The cutting-blade L is placed on the ridges K K’, and is provided along one edge with a groove, M, adapted to receive the upper edge of the ridge K on the guide A. A binding-screw, N, held on the upper end of an inclined lug, O, above the inclined ridge K’, binds and holds the cutting-blade L on the ridges K K’. The guide B is provided at its rear end with a handle, P, of the usual construction. The cutting-edge of the blade L passes into notches a in the upper edges of the guides A and B. According to the desired width of the chamfer, the guides A and B are adjusted a greater or less distance from each other, the said adjustment being facilitated by the gage H, and then the blade L is held in place by means of the binding-screw N. The inner surfaces of the guides A and B rest against the sides of the board or post to be chamfered. Plain or molded or beaded chamfers can be cut, a cutting-blade with a corresponding cutting-edge being held in the implement for the desired charnfer. Chamfers running the whole length of the edge of the board, or stop-chamfers, which stop a greater or less distance from the ends of the board or post, can be cut by means of the above described implement. The handle piece E greatly facilitates adjusting the instrument. In operating the instrument one hand holds the handle P and the other is rested on the handle E.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

1. A stop chamfer plane having two parallel and relatively-adjustable bevel-guides with sides inclined at a right angle to each other, in combination with mechanism for holding said guides in their relative positions, as shown and described.

2. The combination of the guides A B, provided with upwardly-projecting lugs carrying eyes D D’, the curved piece E, connecting eyes D and the binding-screws F F’, with the two cross-rods G G, having V-shaped bends, passing through said eyes, and adapted to be locked in any desired position, as described.

3. The combination, with the adjustable guides A B, of the gage H, projected from the upper edge of guide A, and passing through a loop. J, of the guide B, as shown and described.

4. The combination, with the guides A B, having notches a in their upper edges, the triangular ridges K K’, and the inclined lug O, of a cutting-blade, L, having edge-groove M and binding-screw N, as and for the purpose specified.

JOSEPH LEE.

Witnesses:
WILLIAM MAYBURY,
WM. P. BANIGAN.

No. 271,569 – Bench-Plane (David A. Bridges) (1883)

No. 271,569 – Bench-Plane (David A. Bridges) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”328″]271569

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

DAVID A. BRIDGES, OF VINELAND, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR OF THREE-FOURTHS TO JOHN GAGE, OF SAME PLACE.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 271,569, dated January 30, 1883.
Application filed April 17, 1882. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DAVID A. BRIDGES, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Vineland, Cumberland county, and State of New Jersey, have invented certain Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

The object of this invention is to provide an efficient bench-plane which can be adjusted with perfect ease to its work; and the invention consists mainly in providing fixed bearings in the stock or throat-iron for the cap-plate, and adjusting the bit independently thereof, in the construction and novel arrangement of the parallel-sided throat-iron or bit-holder having the wear-face, in the construction and novel arrangement of the transverse bit-clamp forming the bearing which engages the adjusting-screw, in the combination of the adjusting-screw with the bit-holder and wear-plate, these being formed entire, and in the construction and novel arrangement of the base-plate of the handle let into a recessed and depressed seat in the rear of the stock, all as hereinafter set forth.

Figure 1 is a section; Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5 are details.

In the accompanying drawings, the letter A designates a plane-stock, preferably made of wood.

Through the stock is formed an oblique mortise or throat-opening at B, the walls of which are parallel. In this mortise or opening is seated the inclined parallel-sided throat-iron or bit-holder G, which extends entirely through the stock, so that its lower surface, D, is flush with the base of the stock and forms the wear-plate.

Through the lower portion of the bit-holder C is made the throat-slot a, which extends from one side wall, b, to the other of the iron bit-holder. In front of the slot a extends upward and forward the bevel guide-wall c, and in rear of said slot extends upward and rearward the inclined wall d, against which the bit-plate E bears. In the rear wall, d,are formed the slots c, through which the screws e’ are driven into the stock, serving to secure the bit-holding iron in position after adjustment. On each lateral wall of this throat-iron or bit-holding iron C is formed a lug or bearing, g, which overhangs the bearing-wall d of the throat-iron at its side.

F is a slot made in the upper portion of the inclined wall d, above and in rear of which a threaded bearing, h, is provided to receive an adjusting-screw, G, the axis of which is parallel to said inclined wall d. This screw is provided with a cylindrical stem, k, having upper and lower collars or stops, l.

The bit-plate E is single and of ordinary shape, being made without perforation usually, as it is not designed to attach a cap-iron to it, the principle of the present invention involving the employment of an independent cap-iron not attached to the bit-plate or adjustable therewith.

F is a transverse clamp, consisting of two sections, m m, which are connected and drawn together by means of a transverse screw, s, which passes through downwardly-extended lugs it of said sections. These lugs are made of proper length to fit between the collars or stops l of the adjusting-screw on its stem k when the bit-plate is in position on the inclined bearing-wall d of the throat-iron.

The adjusting-screw G is provided with a milled head, by turning which the bit-plate can be raised or lowered, according to the set required. By means of this adjusting device the bit can be set to remove coarse shavings or those of the finest character.

H indicates the cap-iron, which is placed on the upper surface of the bit-plate, extending under the lateral lugs or bearings g of the throat-iron, which it engages by means of edge-recesses or catch-bearings t, so that its position in the throat-opening is fixed, its lower edge being nearly flush with the wear-face D of the throat-iron. This cap-iron is provided with a set-screw, L, which passes through the upper portion of said cap-iron and bears on the face of the bit-plate. When the cap-iron is in place the lower portion or edge thereof is brought to bear forcibly on the bit-plate near its cutting-edge by turning this set-screw, this operation raising the rear and upper portion of the cap-iron and forcing its lower edge downward. In this manner both cap-iron and bit-plate are secured in position, and when adjustment is needed it is accomplished by turning the adjusting-screw G and moving the bit-plate without altering the position of the cap-iron, which remains stationary and in the same position for every position of the bit-plate. The cap-plate, being of metal (usually iron) and of moderate thickness, possesses sufficient elastic or yielding properties to permit the bit to slide along the point of the set-screw I, when operated by the adjusting-screw, as described.

The handle N is provided with a base-plate, P, which is let into a seat, v, in the rear portion of the stock, this seat being recessed in the stock for this purpose. Usually the rear end of the stock is cut away or depressed, as indicated at w, and in the depressed surface the recess-seat in is formed. The position of the handle is such that when it is grasped the milled head of the adjusting-screw G will be within easy reach of the fingers, so that the position of the bit plate can be adjusted while the plane is in operation. The bit-plate need never be removed from this plane except for repairs or sharpening, all required adjustments being accomplished with the greatest ease while the bit is in place.

Having described this invention what l claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. In a bench-plane having fixed bearings in its throat for the cap-iron, the combination, with a cap-iron having lateral notches to engage said fixed bearings of the independently-adjustable bit-plate E, adapted to be moved in the direction of its length without moving the cap-iron, substantially as specified.

2. The combination, with the oblique throat-iron and its adjusting-screw G, of the bit-plate E, its clamp sections having lugs n, and the transverse connecting-screw, substantially as shown and described.

3. The combination, with the oblique throat-iron and adjusting-screw G, seated therein, of the bit-plate E, having lugs n, engaging the said adjusting-screw, and the stationary cap-iron and its adjusting-screw, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two witnesses.

DAVID A. BRIDGES.

Witnesses:
CHARLES F. KELLOGG,
ALBRO S. BROWN.

No. 271,219 – Bench-Plane (John Campbell) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”327″]271219

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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JOHN CAMPBELL, OF WALDEN, NEW YORK.

BENCH-PLANE.

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SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 271,219, dated January 30, 1883.
Application filed August 9, 1882. (No model.)

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN CAMPBELL, of Sheffield, England, and a resident of Walden, in the town of Montgomery, in the county of Orange and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to planes, the object being to provide a plane adapted for use either as a chamfer or smoothing plane, of such construction as to be readily adjusted.

The invention consists in the peculiar construction and combinations of parts hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claim.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents a perspective view of my improvement, and Fig. 2 is a view of the parts detached.

A represents the stock of the plane, consisting of the sole a and sides a’ a’. The sole is provided at its forward end with a slot, B, and beveled seat b for the point of the bit. The bit or plane-iron C is adapted to project under a rod, c, set into the sides of the stock, and to rest on a beveled bed or rest, D. A wedge, E, is then forced under the rod c, and is held in place by a screw, e, provided with a disk or head, e’, which bears against the upper end of the bit. The upper end of the wedge E is rounded and curved to form a bearing, e2, for the hand or fingers, and is provided with a central screw-threaded perforation, e3, adapted to receive the screw e. This wedge E is also provided with upwardly-projecting side ears, d, which latter are centrally grooved for the purpose of preventing the wedge from rising up when secured in place. When the wedge is unscrewed, the bit is firmly clamped, while by turning the screw into the perforation of the wedge the bit is loosened and may be removed.

The sole a of the stock is provided with a second slot, F, just in rear of the rest D, while a rod, G, is secured between the sides in rear of the slot F, and two projecting beveled rests, H, are provided adjacent to the rod. Thus it will be seen that the bit may be secured at the forward end of the stock to form a chamfer-plane, or at the center to form a smoothing-plane.

The parts are simple in construction, easily manipulated, and adapted to be durable and efficient in use.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The combination, with the stock provided with two transverse slots, one of which latter is situated near the extreme front end thereof, the beveled rests D and H, and the transverse rods c and G, of the removable bit, the wedge E, having the slotted, side ears, d, and the fastening-screw, all of the above parts combined and adapted for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN CAMPBELL.

Witnesses:
W. G. RUTHERFORD,
W. C. STEVENS.

No. 270,769 – Cavity-Plane (James England) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”326″]270769

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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JAMES ENGLAND, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

CAVITY-PLANE.

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SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 270,769, dated January 16, 1883.
Application filed April 29, 1882. (No model.)

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES ENGLAND, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Hand Planing and Grooving Tools, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention, which is applicable to various kinds of planing and grooving tools suitable for carpenters, coopers, and other like uses, consists in a double or opposite handle-ended tool provided with an intermediate slotted metal frame and one or more cutter-holders with attached face plate or plates, and rear end projections adjustable within or through said frame and capable of being secured therein at any desired distance from the main or handle portion of the tool, whereby an implement readily convertible into different uses is obtained, and the cutting portion of the tool may be made to work at different distances from the main body of it.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 represents a longitudinal side elvation of a reversible or double-faced spoke-shave constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the same on the line x x; and Fig. 3, a plan of a slotted frame attached to or forming part of the handle of said tool, and serving tor the reception or adjustment of a cutter-holding frame, with its attached face plate or plates. Fig. 4 is a vertical longitudinal section on the line y y, Fig. 5, of a planing-cutter frame with attached face-plate of segmental shape and planing-cutter in its place, suitable for insertion and adjustment within the slotted frame of the handle of the tool shown in Fig. 1, in place of the double-faced spoke-shave cutter-frame arranged therein; and Fig. 5 is an inverted plan of the same. Fig. 6 is a side elevation of a grooving-cutter frame with its attached face-plate and cutter, similarly interchangeable with the spoke-shave cutter-frame shown in Fig. 1.

A in the drawings indicates an oblong metal frame, having a longitudinal slot, b, down through it, and having handles A’ A’ attached to its outer ends and guides or ways c c on the interior of its ends. Said metal frame is likewise provided with holding-screws d d on its sides and ends for securing the cutter-holding frame, with its attached face-plate and cutter or cutters, within the slotted frame A.

The tool, taken as a whole, is designed to be used as a spoke-shave, and is so used as far as the grasp and manipulation of it by the handles A’ A’ are concerned ; but the slotted metal frame A, with its screws d d, not only provides for readily converting it into various kinds of planing, grooving, or scraping tools, but also for the adjustment of the face-plate of the tool to different distances from the longitudinal center of the handle-holding portion of it. This latter provision is very advantageous, inasmuch as it admits of the face-plate, and in fact of the whole cutter-holding portion of the tool, being projected more or less beyond the main or handle portion of the tool, to work in recesses or places where it is not convenient or practicable to work the entire implement, and where the tool is a grooving one it may, by the provision which is thus secured for it, be used to cut a deeper groove beyond the general surface of the work than otherwise would be practicable.

To these ends or purposes, which are distinct from the mere adjustment of the cutter or cutters relatively to their face plate or plates, the cutter-holding portion of the tool is distinct from the handle portion of it, and is made adjustable up or down within or through the slotted metal frame A by constructing the face plate or plates B of the implement with end projections, C C, perpendicular to the face-plates, and at a suitable distance apart to be capable of sliding within or through the ends or ways c c of the slotted frame A, and of being secured therein by the screws d d at any desired projection from the handle portion of the instrument to which they may have been adjusted, such face plate or plates B, with their attached projections C C, constituting a cutter-holding frame. It is immaterial whether the implement be a spoke-shave, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, a circular planing tool, as provided for by the constructions of the cutter-holder shown in Figs. 4 and 5, a grooving-tool, as provided for by the construction represented in Fig. 6, or any other kind of planing, grooving, or scraping tool having either single or double facing-plates. The facilities of adjusting and securing the cutter-holders, regardless of the shape of the cutters e and independent of their adjustment relatively to their face plate or plates, is the same, and the same main or handle portion of the tool may be used for different cutters or their holders, thus virtually making the implement a readily-convertible one for work of different styles or character.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

The combination with the handles A’ A’, their connecting slotted frame A, and the screws d d, of a cutter-holding frame having one or more face-plates or surfaces, B, and rear end projections, C C, fitted so as to be adjustable within or through the slotted frame A, essentially as described, and for the purposes herein set forth.

JAMES ENGLAND.

Witnesses:
C. SEDGWICK,
B. G. UNDERWOOD.

No. 269,967 – Bench-Plane (Jacob Siegley) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”325″]269967

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JACOB SIEGLEY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 269,967, dated January 2, 1883.
Application filed May 22, 1882. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JACOB SIEGLEY, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to improvements in that class of planes known as shoulder-planes, which are also used as block and rabbet planes; and it consists of means whereby the cutting-tool is rigidly clamped to the stock of the plane, and adapted to be readily adjusted after clamping, as will be more fully described hereinafter.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a vertical longitudinal section of my improved plane. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same. Figs. 3 and 4 are a detail bottom view and a vertical transverse section on line x x, Fig. 3, of the cutting-tool employed; and Fig. 5 is a vertical transverse section of the plane on line y y, Fig. 2.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

In the drawings, A represents the stock of my improved shoulder-plane, which stock is made of cast metal, and provided with a flat bottom having vertical side shoulders. A’. The side shoulders, as well as the bottom, are arranged with recesses tor the inclined cutting-tool B, the narrower upper part of which is provided with a slot, b, while the lower part has three cutting-edges, b’, one at the lower end and one at each side, as customary in shoulder-planes. The slotted upper part of the cutting-tool B is clamped to interior cheeks, a1 a2, of the bottom part of the stock A by means of a tongue, C, and a clamping-screw, d, that passes through a slot, d’, of the tongue C and the slot b of the cutting-tool B, as shown clearly in Fig. 1. At the upper end of the tongue C is arranged a second clamping-screw, d2, whereby the pressure of the tongue C upon the cutting-tool B may be increased or decreased in the usual manner. The under side of the upper | part of the cutting-tool B is provided above the slot b with transverse grooves or serrations e, which are engaged by a worm-screw, e’, of a spindle, D, that is supported in inclined position parallel to the cutting-tool B, in suitable bearings of the cheeks a1 a2, the spindle being extended in upward direction, and provided with a milled or other head, D’, for taking conveniently hold of the spindle D. By turning the spindle in one or the other direction the cutting-tool B is adjusted higher or lower in the stock, as required for the stock.

By means of the adjusting mechanism described the cutting-tool in the plane can be accurately adjusted without loss of time, so that the use of the plane as a shoulder-plane or block or rabbet plane is considerably facilitated.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

1. In a shoulder-plane, the combination of a stock, A, having side shoulders, A’, and raised bottom cheeks, a1 a2, with a cutting-tool, B, a clamping-tongue, C, and means whereby the cutting-tool is adjusted in the stock, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of a stock, A, having side shoulders, A’, and interior cheeks, a1 a2, a cutting-tool, B, having a slot, b, and transverse grooves e e at the under side, a clamping-tongue, C, and a spindle, D, supported in bearings of the cheeks a1 a2, and being provided with a worm-screw, e’, that engages the grooves of the cutting-tool B, so as to adjust the same by the turning of the spindie, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony that l clairn the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JACOB SIEGLEY.

Witnesses:
PAUL GOEPEL,
SIDNEY MANN.

No. 266,519 – Carpenter’s Plow (Frank A. Rappleye) (1882)

[paiddownloads id=”324″]266519

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

FRANK A. RAPPLEYE, OF KENDAIA, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE AND LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

CARPENTER’S PLOW.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 266,519, dated October 24, 1882.
Application filed February 15, 1882. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK A. RAPPLEYE, of Kendaia, in the county of Seneca and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carpenters’ Plows, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in convertible carpenter’s plow and slitting-tool having an attachable and detachable slitting-knife located upon one side of the bottom face of the stock and a fence upon the opposite side of said face; and the objects of my invention are to produce a readily-convertible plow and slitting-tool at a trifling cost over that of an ordinary plow, and to gage and regulate the depth of cut ofthe slitting-knife by means of the bottom face of the stock coming into contact with the top face of the strip severed by the slitting-knife. I attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drwaings in which —

Figure 1 is a side elevation. Fig. 2 is an end view, and Fig. 3 is a side elevation of substantially the same tool in a somewhat different form.

The stock A, handles B B, and adjustable fence C may be the same as in any ordinary plow. It is essential, however, that the fence C shall be adjustable to and from the stock A and capable of being secured in position parallel to the stock, and, as shown in Fig. 2, it should project downward below the bottom edge or face of the stock A.

The patent to Justus A. Traut, of March 4, 1873, shows one good form of a plow-stock and fence; but other plows may be employed, if desired. At one side of the stock A, and near its forward end, is a. vertical socket having transverse set-screws a, within which socket I place the shank b of the slitting-knife D, which knife is a thin blade rounded and sharpened on its forward edge. This knife may be adjusted in its socket or seat, so as to make its point or lower end project any desired distance below the bottom face of the stock A, and when so adjusted it may be firmly held in place by means of the set-screw a. By means of said set-screw and socket the knife is made an attachable and detachable one.

When this plow is to be used for slitting boards or other stock into strips the ordinary plow-bit is removed from the stock A and the slitting-knife adjusted to cut the desired depth by projecting it the desired distance from the bottom face of the stock A. The fence C is also set a distance from the knife D equal to the width of the desired strip. The instrument is then placed with the fence C against one edge of the board to be slit and with the knife over one face of the board, as shown in Fig. 2, said board being indicated therein by broken lines. By bearing down upon the forward end of the plow-stock and forcing it along over the board, substantially as in plowing, the knife can readily be forced into the board until the bottom face of the stock A comes in contact with the face of the board and prevents the slitting-knife from cutting any deeper, thus making the ordinary plow-stock A serve as a depth-gage by its bottom face coming in contact with the upper face of the strip slit off. The stock being close to the knife D, and between said knife and the fence, it can always serve as a depth-gage, even when the piece to be slit is but a hair wider than the distance between the slitting-knife D and the fence C.

In Fig. 3 the slitting-knife D’ is in the form of a flat slotted blade, and the seat which supports said body is in the form of a vertical slot or open socket made in one side of the stock A. A bolt passes from the stock through the slot in the body of the knife, and a set-nut, a’, on said bolt holds the knife in position when once adjusted. The operation is the same as that of the parts shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and hereinbefore described.

It will be noticed that in both forms of knives the fence is upon one side of the stock A and the knife is upon the opposite side.

The additional cost of this improved tool over that of the ordinary plow is much less than the cost of a special slitting-tool, while it is also much more convenient to have the plow convertible into a slitting-tool than it is to use two different tools for plowing and slitting.

I am aware that marking and slitting gages of various styles have been used for slitting boards when the knife or marker was mounted in a stock or frame of its own; also, that a scoring knife or spur has been employed in planes and set between the stock and the fence to prepare the way for the planing-knife, and I hereby disclaim the same.

I claim as my invention —

The convertible plow and slitting-tool, substantially as hereinbefore described, consisting of the plow-stock A, adapted for the attachment and detachment of the ordinary plow-bit, the slitting-knife D, secured to one side of said stock, and the fence C, secured to the opposite side, the bottom face of said stock being between the fence and knife, the latter extending downward from the lower outside corner of the stock, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

FRANK A. RAPPLEYE.

Witnesses:
MICHAEL ROAN,
BUEL WILBUR.

No. 264,766 – Miter-Planer (David C. Rogers) (1882)

[paiddownloads id=”323″]264766

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

DAVID C. ROGERS, OF GREENFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS.

MITER-PLANER.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 264,766, dated September 19, 1882.
Application filed June 27, 1882. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DAVID C. ROGERS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Greenfield, in the county of Franklin and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Miter-Planers, of which the following is a true and full specification.

The accompanying drawings show the invention, and form part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 is a plan showing the several features of my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical central section of the same. Fig. 3 is a detail showing the rest G.

Similar reference-letters indicate like parts in all of the figures.

A represents the fixed bed-plate, semicircular in term, having at its rear the frame B, on which the plane runs, having a groove on its under side matching on a tongue to keep it true and steady. This bed-plate has on its outer upper edge notches placed at regular and fixed intervals, into which drops a catch from the upper bed-plate, to hold it securely at any angle desired.

C is the upper movable bed-plate, in quadrant form, having at right angles sides D D, which act as guides for the material to be planed, and revolving on a pivot at the rear end or apex touching the plane, passing through the lower bed-plate. These sides or guides are so accurately arranged with reference to the plane that when the movable bed-plate C is set with its center-line at a right angle to the plane a stick placed on either side will be planed to a perfect “miter.” The revolving movement of this bed-plate C is controlled by a screw and clamp, E, fixed in the upper bed-plate, and passing through a segmentally-shaped slot in the lower bed-plate, in which is a nut which clamps the upper bed-plate firmly in position when it is desired to fix it permanently at any given angle to the plane. This is commonly such as to finish the work at an angle of forty-five degrees, or a true miter. The movable bed-plate C is also provided at its outer edge with a small lever, F, controlled by a spring, and having on its under side a catch which is pressed down into the notches on the lower bed-plate, so arranged as to hold the stick to be planed at any given angle to the plane.

About midway in length of the sides D, and let in so as to be flush with the face of each side, is a rest, G, at the bottom of which is a segmental arm running back in ways on the movable bed-plate C, having through its length a slot through which into the said bed-plate passes a screw controlling its movement back and forth. The special purpose of this rest is to enable one to finish the ends of curved work with exactness.

In preparing pieces for circular or oval frames, for pulleys, emery-wheels, circular patterns, and all such work, it is necessary to plane the ends of the various segments composing the same at different angles, and when a curved stick is to be planed, the end must be closely pressed against the side or guide which supports it; but in doing this of course the other end of the curve is thrown out and away from the guide, as the stick can only touch the guide at the extreme end which is to be planed. Consequently, except at that point, the stick has no support but the unreliable action of the hand. To provide for this, the movable rest is run out till it touches the work on the outer curve, and then being secured by turning down the screw in the slotted segmentary arm forms a complete rest and support for the work to be planed.

This device supplies a want hitherto needed.

What I claim in a miter-plane is —

1. In a machine for planing miters, the quadrantal pivoted bed-plate, provided with segmental guardways fixed thereon, in combination with rests G, provided with segmental clamping-arms adapted to hold the material to be mitered in position for the planer, as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination, with the tired bed-plate A and frame B, of the pivoted bed-plate C, provided with adjustable rests G, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

DAVID C. ROGERS.

Witnesses:
JAMES S. GRINNELL,
WM. H. ALLEN.

No. 258,988 – Bench-Plane (William S. Case) (1882)

[paiddownloads id=”322″]258988

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLIAM S. CASE, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 258,988, dated June 6, 1882.
Application filed March 17, 1882. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM S. CASE, of New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, whereby a person skilled in the art can make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

Like letters in the figures indicate the same parts.

My improvement relates to a new mechanism for adjusting the iron of a bench-plane to a greater or less depth of cut; and its object is to provide a simpler and cheaper device than has heretofore been in use for this purpose, and at the same time one which can be readily and easily operated.

In the accompanying drawings illustrating my invention, Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section through the middle of the plane. Fig. 2 is a top view with the plane-iron removed so as to show the working parts. Fig. 3 is a front view of the cam which operates the lever which moves the plane-iron up or down.

A is the stock of an ordinary plane furnished with a handle and knob in the customary manner.

B is the bit, and C the cap, of the plane-iron. The bit and cap are held together by means of the screw D, which screws into the cap and moves in a slot in the bit to adjust the position of the two parts in the customary manner.

E is a metallic plate attached to the stock A, for the purpose of holding the working parts of the plane.

The plane-iron is held in place by the wedge F, which passes under the bar G, and is provided with a set-screw, H, which clamps the plane-iron against the bearings E’ and the back of the bottom of the slot in the stock.

J is a forked lever turning upon a pin, K, passing through lugs upon the plate E. The forward end of this lever is single. It passes through the slot in the bit B and enters a hole or notch in the cap C. The rear end of this lever is forked, and embraces a swinging cam, L, upon the rocking lever M.

M is a lever swinging laterally upon the pin N, by which it is attached to the plate E. Upon its front side is the cam L for operating the lever J, one of the forks of the said lever resting on the top and the other on the bottom of the cam. The movement of the lever M to the right or left raises or lowers the plane-iron, so that its edge will project more or less through the throat of the plane to adjust it to different degrees of depth in the cut. When the rear end of the lever M is pushed to the right it depresses the rear of the lever J and raises its forward end. This lifts the cap and carries with it the bit. To lower the bit the rear of the lever M is pushed to the left, which reverses the movements above described.

What I claim as my invention is —

In a bench-plane, the combination of the laterally-swinging lever M, provided with the cam L and the vertically-swinging forked Iever J, pivoted to the plate or frame E, with the said plate and the plane-iron, substantially as described.

WILLIAM S. CASE.

Witnesses:
EDWIN F. DIMOCK,
THEO. G. ELLIS.

No. 258,971 – Reed-Plane (Frederick V. Yeager) (1882)

[paiddownloads id=”321″]258971

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

FREDERICK V. YEAGER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

REED-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 258,971, dated June 6, 1882.
Application filed August 26, 1881. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK V. YEAGER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city and county of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Reed-Planes, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, wherein —

Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved reed-plane. Fig. 2 is an elevation of the reverse side of the same. Figs. 3 and 4 are tranverse vertical sections, and Fig. 5 is an inverted plan of the same.

My invention has for its object to provide a plane for working reeds across the grain of wood. Heretofore such result has been obtained by means of a saw and chisel, and to produce a cluster of reeds by such means required great care and consumed much time and labor, thereby making the operation one of extreme tediousness and expense. With my improved plane, however, reeds can be worked across the grain of wood with ease and rapidity.

My invention consists in the novel construction and arrangement of the plane, as hereinafter more fully described.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, A represents the stock of the plane, B the hit thereof, and C the wedge for securing said bit in an opening in said stock. The bit B is formed with a projecting convex cutter, b, being outside ground, as shown at b’.

D D’ are cutters, passing through an opening, a, in the forward part of the plane, and are held therein by means of a wedge, E. Said cutters are placed a distance apart equal to the width of the reeds designed to be worked, and have their lower or cutting edges serrated, as shown at d.

F represents the sole of the plane, made in three sections, f f 1 f2. The sections f f2 are stationary. The section f1 is formed with a slot, f4, through which passes a screw, f5, into the stock A, as plainly shown in Fig. 4. By loosening said screw the section f1 may be adjusted to and from the cutting-edge of the bit B to regulate the thickness of the chip or shaving designed to be cut, so as to insure smoothness of working.

G is a gage, secured to stock A by pivoted links g g; and H is a thumb-screw passing through a curved or other suitable slot, g’, in the gage, and screws into the stock A, the effect whereof is that when said gage is raised or lowered, and the thumb-screw H turned, its head h will impinge against said gage, and will thereby retain the latter in its adjusted positions.

The operation is obvious, and as follows: In forming the first reed of a cluster the gage G is raised, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, and the plane is moved to and fro across the grain of the wood. During each such forward movement the cutters D D’ scribe or cut two parallel lines in advance of the bit B, so that the cutting-edge of the latter merely removes the chip or shaving between the lines so formed by the cutters D D’. Consequently a smooth or unbroken reed can be formed across the grain of wood by such plane. After the first reed is worked the gage G is lowered by flrst loosening the thumb-screw H, which allows the gage to fall, whereupon it is held in such position by turning said screw until its head binds against the gage. The latter is then placed in the outside crevice of said first-formed reed, so that the latter forms a guide to assist in the working of the second reed. By such means each succeeding reed is formed parallel to its immediate predecessor, such operation being plainly illustrated in Fig. 4.

What I claim as my invention is —

1. In a plane for working reeds across the grain of wood, the combination of advance cutters D D’, having serrated cutting-edges d, plane-bit B, having convex cutter b, outside ground or bevel, b’, sole F, having adjustable section f1, and gage G, secured to the body of the plane by links g g, and provided with a thumb-screw, H, substantially as shown and described.

2. In a plane for working reeds across the grain of wood, the combination of main bit B, having convex cutter b, outside ground or bevel, b’, advance cutters D D’, provided with serrated cutting-edges d d, and adjustable sole-section f1, substantially as shown and described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this 23d day of August, 1881.

FREDK. V. YEAGER.

Witnesses:
CHAS. W. HOPPLE,
GEORGE H. VANDEGRIFT.

No. 257,981 – Bench-Plane (Solon R. Rust) (1882)

[paiddownloads id=”320″]257981

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

SOLON R. RUST, OF PINE MEADOW, CONNECTICUT.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 257,981, dated May 16, 1882.
Application filed September 8, 1880. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SOLON R. RUST, of Pine Meadow, in the county of Litchfield and State of Connecticut, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Bench-Planes, whereof the following is a description, reference being had to the accornpanying drawings, where —

Figure 1 is a side view of a plane embodying my said improvement — an “iron plane” — with a portion of the side of the stock represented as broken away. Fig. 2 is a. view of the same plane from above, with the plane-iron, cap-iron, and fastening-lever removed. Fig. 3 is a view in central vertical lengthwise section of a modification.

The improvement is one in that kind or class of planes wherein the bed on which the “cutting-iron” rests, the cutting-iron, (with the “cap-iron,” if there be one,) and the clamping or fastening-in lever all move together in the ordinary longitudinal adjustment of the cutting-iron; and the improvement consists in such an organization and combination of parts that this bed, cutting-iron, and fastening-lever may be put into and taken out of the plane-stock when assembled together as a whole,instead of having to put them into and take them out of the stock separately, as has heretofore been the case.

The letter a denotes the stock of an iron plane as a whole, consisting, in general terms, of the bottom plate and two side plates rising therefrom. The inner sides of these side plates bear the ways b, and in them rests and slides the bed c, bearing underneath the lug d, through which a shaft, e, runs, it bearing at the rear end a head or button whereby to rotate it, and it being threaded at the other end and there taking into a corresponding female thread made in a portion of the stock a. Where this shaft traverses the lug d it has an annular groove made in its periphery, into which the pin f meshes. By rotating this threaded shaft e the bed c is moved up and down in its ways.

The letter g denotes a fulcrum-bar carried by and upon the bed c. The letter h denotes the clamping-lever, which finds a fulcrum on this bar g. One end of this lever bears on the cap-iron i, (if there be one, otherwise directly on the plane-iron j,) and the upper end of this lever carries a set-screw, k, which bears on the upper end of the cap-iron (if there be one) with any desired pressure, and thus holds the cutting-iron, cap-iron, and itself firmly to the bed c, so that the plane-iron can be adjusted by adjusting the bed c by means of the screw-shaft e.

In Fig. 3 I show a modification wherein the fulcrum or fulcrum-bar is attached to the clamping-lever, and, running down through the “irons,” takes hold of the bed, the irons being rnortised for the passage of the fulcrum-bar, and the bed having a mortise which permits the enlarged head or end of this bar to pass through it at one point, but catches and holds it by its neck at another point.

It will be seen from this description that the iron, the bed on which the iron rests, and the clamping-lever may be put into and taken out of the stock as a whole, and that they all move together in the ordinary longitudinal adjustment of the iron.

I am aware that the prior art contains plane-irons made adjustable by a screw. See, for instance, the patent to H A. Gateley, No.146,588, dated January 20, 1874, which has a double iron, but no movable bed — a construction that necessitates (as my construction does not) a loosening of the clamping-lever before the adjusting-screw can be operated.

I am also aware that the prior art contains a combination of movable bed, plane-iron, adjustable screw or the like, and clamping-lever, where the clamping-lever does not take its fulcrum on the movable bed. See, for instance, patent to G. M. Thompson, No. 153,399, dated July 21, 1874; but that construction does not (as my construction does) admit of the placement and displacement of the bed, iron, and clamping-lever as an assembled whole in and out of the plane-stock.

I am also aware that the prior art contains the combination of movable bed, plane-iron, and clamping-lever taking its fulcrum on the movable bed, when the movable bed is not hung in ways in the side plates of the stock, but is hung on a headed screw running through a longitudinal slot made in the movable bed into the solid stock, as shown in O.R. Chaplin’s Patent No. 126,519, dated May 7, 1872 — another construction that does not admit (as my construction does) of the placement and displacement of the movable bed, iron, and clamping-lever as an assembled whole.

One prominent advantage cf having the movable bed, iron, and clamping-lever admit of placement and displacement as an assembled whole is this: When a plane is in constant use it must be taken out of the stock a number of times each day to be ground and sharpened. When the iron goes back into the stock it must be adjusted relatively to the movable bed each time, (independent of the adjustment by the adjusting-screw,) and this adjustment can in my construction be made while the movable bed and iron are out of the stock — a thing which cannot be done in any structure of said prior art-and may be done much more easily than when the movable bed, iron, and clamping-lever are in the stock.

I claim as my improvement —

The stock a, provided with ways b in the side plates thereof, the bed c, hung in such ways, the cutting-iron j, and the clamping-lever k, taking its fulcrum on bed c, all combined substantially as described, for the purpose set forth.

SOLON R. RUST.

Witnesses:
ARTHUR E. RUST,
NATHAN MORSE.

No. 257,870 – Cavity-Plane (Frank A. Humphrey) (1882)

[paiddownloads id=”319″]257870

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

FRANK A. HUMPHREY, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

CAVITY-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 257,870, dated May 16, 1882.
Application filed November 28, 1881. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK A. HUMPHREY, of Worcester, in the county of Worcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cavity-Planes for Pattern-Makers, Wood-Workers, and Others; and I declare the following to be a description of my said invention sufficiently full, clear, and exact to enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

The object of my present invention is to provide a practical and efficient tool which can be conveniently employed for dressing out small holes and cavities, and for smoothing narrow surfaces located between or near flanges or angles; also, for working out small curves, and for general whittling and planing in positions inaccessible or inconvenient for working with the ordinary tools.

To this end my invention consists in the improved tool illustrated and described, and in the peculiar constructive features and combinations appertaining thereto, and hereinafter specifically claimed.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a top view of my cavity-plane with full handles in position. Fig. 2 is a bottom view of the same with one of the handles disconnected. Fig. 3 is a front view with both handles shortened or interchanged. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view at line x x, Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a transverse sectional view at line y y, Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is an end view. Fig. 7 shows detail of one of the chuck-pieces for locking the blade in position. Fig. 8 shows a side view of the handle separate from the other parts. Fig. 9 is a side view of the convertible handle-tip, and Fig. 10 shows the form of the blade or cutter.

In the construction, A denotes the body or frame, having a rounded back bar, a, and a forward guard-flange, a’, connecting the cylindrical ends or neck-bosses A2, in the manner illustrated.

B indicates the blade or cutter, formed as a straight rectangular plate, sharpened along one edge, b, and without holes or openings of any kind. Said blade is seated and supported on the inner surface of the back bar, a, (which is properly fitted for its reception,) with its sharpened edge b protruding throngh the throat-opening t at the rear of the guard-flange a’, the blade being set at the proper angle and at such distance from the guard a’ as to give a free cutting action when in use. The shavings pass up through the central opening, and are directed backward by the upper edge of the guard a’, which is made to incline inward for that purpose.

C C indicate chuck-pieces for retaining the blade B in position. Said chuck-pieces fit into the recesses of the frame ends, and are provided with bevels c’ at their rear edges, which are forced against the ends of the blade and clamp it securely in position. The blade B can be held securely in position by either one or both of the chuck-pieces C.

D indicates the handles, which are fitted with screw-threaded connecting-studs D’, for screwing into the central openings of the frame ends A2, and against the chuck-pieces C, for serving the double purpose of attachments for the handles and clamp-screws for the blade B.

E indicates short handles or tip-pieces, which are employed as clamp-screws for retaining the blade when it is desired to adapt the tool for use in a narrow space, as in Fig. 3. Said tips or clamp-screws are provided with ends E’ of the same size and pitch as the connecting-studs D’ of the handles, so as to be readily interchangeable therewith. In the present instance the clamp-screws are made to serve as tips for the wood handles D, but, if desired, could be independent parts, the handles being made complete without them. I prefer, however, to construct them as convertible tips in preference to independent set-screws, and I arrange them in combination with the handles as follows:

The tang or shank D2 of the screw-studs D’ is made to extend completely through the wood of the handle, (the ferrule D3 being formed integral therewith, ) and a screw-thread formed on its outer end, d. The end of the wood handle is recessed, and the piece E, which is furnished with a central screw-threaded opening, screws onto said end d of the tang and forms the finishing-tip of the handle when not required for use, as in Fig. 3. The tips E are provided with recesses or nicks e, and small ribs or projections f may be made on the ends of the connecting-studs D’, (see Figs. 4 and 8,) which fit said nicks, so that the handle can be used as a screw-driver for starting or screwing up said tip-pieces on the handle or frame ends.

Lugs i maybe formed under the fcrrnles D3, to prevent the wood handle from turning on the tang D2. The shape of the handles can be modified to adapt the tool for convenient application or use on different classes of work.

The tool can be used with two handles, as in Fig. 1, or with a single handle, (either right or left,) as in Fig. 2, or with only the short body and clamp-screws E, (one or both,) as in Fig.
3, thus permitting of its convenient use in narrow spaces between flanges and ribs. It can also be used for planing out small cavities and holes, and can be successfully used in any hole of sufficient size to admit of its entrance, (see dotted line, Fig. 6,) or from three-fourths of an inch diameter upward, while it can be used for right or left hand whittling on straight or convex surfaces and in small corners and angles. The blade can be quickly and conveniently adjusted to cut thin or rank shavings, as required, and said blade can be worn away to a very narrow strip before it requires renewal of the blade. The tool is of great utility and convenience in pattern-making, cabinet-work, and other branches of wood-working, wherein small cavities and various formed recesses require to be worked and smoothed out.

What I claim as of my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. The body or frame formed with cylindrical ends or neck-bosses, connected by the externally-rounded back bar and inwardly-inclined guard-flange, and the straight cutting-blade seated on said back bar, with its sharpened edge protruding through the throat-opening at the rear of said guard-flange, the parts being combined and located in relation to each other and the exterior curvature substantially as shown and described.

2. The combination of the body or frame having the back bar and front guard, the straight blade supported on said back bar, and the chuck-pieces fitted into said frame and pressed against the ends of said blade in direction of its length by a screw or clamping device axially arranged within the ends of the frame, for retaining it in position, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore described, of the frame having hollow screw-threaded ends A2, connected to each other by the backbar, a,and guard-flange a’, as shown, the straight cutting- blade B, seated on said back bar, the chuck-pieces C, fitted in recesses of the frame ends and resting with a beveled surface against the ends of said blade, and the detachable handles D, having studs or threaded ends for screwing into said frame ends and against said chuck-pieces, for the purposes set forth.

4. The combination with the detachable handles D and blade supporting frame A, of the convertible tip-pieces E, adapted for use as set-screws for the chuck-pieces when the handles are detached, or as end nuts on said handles, substantially as hereinbefore described.

5. The combination, with the body or frame A, of the handles D, having the screw-threaded end studs, D’, with projection f, ferrule D3, and tang D2, screw-threaded at its outer end d, and the convertible tip-pieces E, with nicks e, as shown and described.

Witness my hand this lst day of June, A. D. 1881.

FRANK A. HUMPHREY.

Witnesses:
CHAS. H. BURLEIGH,
GEO. M. RICE, 2d.

No. 254,542 – Variable Bench-Plane (Amos Fales) (1882)

[paiddownloads id=”318″]254542

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

AMOS FALES, OF DENVER, COLORADO.

VARIABLE BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 254,542, dated March 7, 1882.
Application filed December 12, 1881. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, AMOS FALES, of Denver, in the county of Arapahoe and State of Colorado, have invented an Improved Kit-Plane, or combination instrument for planing, tonguing and grooving, rabbeting, plowing, and forming beads and moldings of various forms and styles; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification —

Figure 1 being a view of the near or working side of the kit-plane; Fig. 2, a view of the opposite side of the same; Fig. 3, a top view thereof; Fig. 4, a cross-section thereof in a plane indicated by the line x x, Fig. 1; Fig. 5, a cross-section in a plane indicated by the line y y, Fig. 1; Figs. 6, 7, 8, and 9, cross-sections of the stock, showing in place different forms of face-plates or molds attached to the stock; Fig. 10, a view of one of the bits or cutters used with the molds, representing two forms; Fig. 11, a view in perspective, showing an auxiliary stock or attachment, connected with the main stock by gage-bars, for various purposes; Figs. 12 and 13, respectively, opposite side views of the attachment or auxiliary stock; Figs. 14: and 15, partial sections, showing parts in detail.

Like letters designate corresponding parts in all of the figures.

My invention consists in a kit plane of simple but peculiar construction, by which are combined a stock adapted to receive any required kind of bit or cutter for producing various shapes of moldings and other outlines in wood-work, and attachable and detachable forms or molds of various shapes, to correspond with those of the cutters, for performing a great variety of work which ordinarily require many different planes or instruments.

The plane-stock A is of very simple and light construction. It may be made of metal — say of cast-iron — finished suitably, and accurate in shape, and it may have a wooden handle, B, attached to the stock by screws a a. This of course is at the rear end of the stock, and it has or may preferably have a wooden knob, C, near the front end, on top, for holding and guiding the instrument with the left hand.

On the working side of the stock, near the middle thereof, an oblique projecting ledge or bracket, D, is cast on or attached to the stock, on which ledge the various cutters used with the instrument rest when employed. Each cutter E is supported by this ledge, guided only at one edge, next to the stock, the opposite edge being free, so that various widths of cutters may be used with the stock.

Instead of a wedge working downward to fasten each cutter in the stock, I employ a wedge, G, working horizontally and entering a deep wedge-shaped notch or recess, b, in the stock, which is enlarged on the opposite side, as shown in Fig. 3, to compensate for the weakening produced by the said notch, and thereby to give uniform strength throughout the length of the stock. A horizontal screw-bolt, c, passes through the wedge G, or is otherwise made fast to it, and thence extends through and projects a little beyond the stock, on the opposite side thereof. On this screw-threaded end of the bolt a hand-nut, d, screws against the side of the stock, and thereby draws the wedge into its notch or socket, and tightens and holds the cutter fast on its ledge. Thus not only is each cutter always securely held and easily adjusted, but great facility is afforded for changing cutters.

The upper part, e, of the stock is made thick enough to give necessary strength and to suitably attach other parts directly connected therewith. The lower part, f is a thin blade or flange to which to attach the planing-molds, now to be described.

In connection with the various forms of cutters to be used in the stock, two face-plates or molds, H I, are used, one situated forward of and the other back of the cutter, substantially as shown in Fig. 1. Each pair of molds for each different form of cutter is of like form in cross-section to fit the form produced by the cutter between them and guide the plane and hold it in the proper course. Each one has a vertical flange, g, fitting against one side of the flange f of the plane-stock, and by this flange it is united to the stock with a screw, h, passing through both flanges, and a hand-nut, i, turning thereon, one screw and nut serving for each mold. For convenience in attaching and detaching the molds, the opening in the flange g to receive the screw is a notch, as shown in Fig. 1, so that the attachment and detachment can be effected without removing the nut simply by loosening and then retightening the same. To hold the molds thus attached in accurate position, there is a shoulder, j, from each under the lower edge of the stock-flange f as shown in the several cross-sections. The body or form it of each mold projects laterally from the flange in a general horizontal direction, but varied according to its form, as seen also in the several cross-sections showing different forms of molds.

Several of the more common forms of molds which may be used with this kit- plane are shown in the drawings. Thus Fig. 4 has the dado form or mold; Fig. 5, a fillister form, with adjustable gage l thereon; Fig. 6, a hollow form, for producing a convex molding; Fig. 7, a round or convex form, for producing a concave molding; Fig. 8, a bead-mold, and Fig. 9 a “snipe’s-bill” mold. All these and other molds to be used have corresponding forms of cutters at the cutting-edge thereof. Thus Fig. 10 shows a cutter having a form or cutting-edge at each end, that at one end corresponding and used with the hollow mold shown in Fig. 6, while that at the other end has a form corresponding and used with the convex mold shown in Fig. 7.

Ordinarily thus two forms of cutter may be united in one, if economy of expense and room occupied by the whole instrument is desired. These molds or face-plates may be made thin and light, since very little strain comes upon them, and they are very well and securely held on the stock. They are so simple in construction and easy of application that when any one wants any particular style of molding, bead, or other work for which he has no mold or cutter he can easily shape molds — say out of wood — a little thicker than the metallic forms, as shown, and make a cutter to correspond. In this manner, at little expense, one can supply himself with almost anything of the kind which he may desire.

Some of the cutters and molds used with this instrument require a gage-stop to limit the depth to which they shall go. Thus for the dado and fillister shown in Figs. 4 and 5 such a stop needs to be used, and I have shown in Fig. 5, as well as in Fig. 1, my construction and arrangement for this purpose. I employ a transverse bar, J, which extends through a mortise or notch, m, in the stock, and this, for convenience, is held in position by the knob C, which, screwing down on the stock, serves as a nut to hold the bar, which can thereby be adjusted longitudinally to any desired position. This bar carries the gage-stop K, the stem n of which passes up through a hole in the bar, and is held at any height to which it may be adjusted by a set-screw, o.

For some special purposes, where two cutters are required running parallel with each other, I employ a light auxiliary stock, L, as shown in Figs. 11, 12, and 13, the former figure showing the stock and the means of connecting it with the main stock, and the latter two figures showing opposite side views of the cutter-holder separate. This stock is of similar construction to the main stock, but it is not so heavy, and does not require a handle nor a holding-knob. It has a similar construction for holding and securing its cutters and similar molds, corresponding in form with the respective cutters; but the cutters and molds are placed on the other side of the stock, as compared with the main stock, so that the two stocks and their adjuncts are right and left to one another, the cutters and molds of both being inward and facing one another, as shown.

The two stocks are connected together by two bars, J M, the former fitting the mortise m in the main stock and taking the place of the gage-bar J, above described, being held in the main stock by the knob C; but it may be required to be longer than the said gage-bar for its purposes. It extends through a corresponding mortise or aperture in the auxiliary stock, and is held fast therein by a set-screw, p. The other bar, M, parallel with the former bar, passes through holes or mortises in the two stocks, and is held therein by set-screws q, that in the main stock not being represented in the drawings. The bar M may be round. By this construction the auxiliary stock may be adjusted to any desired distance from the main stock.

On the bar J a gage-stop, K, is used, similar to that on the bar J; but it is represented in Fig. 11 as constructed to slide on the bar. Its construction is shown in Fig. 14. It is secured in any position by a set-screw, o.

With a proper cutter in the holder O, together with a suitable cutter in the main stock, the two sides of a tongue for tonguing and grooving are formed. By adjusting the auxiliary stock farther from or nearer to the main stock a thicker or thinner tongue is made.

By making the cutter-holder O detachable from the auxiliary stock and attaching a dado or fillister form, P, (shown separate in Fig. 15,) to the back part of the auxiliary stock, a back fillister is produced to go with the main instrument. The cutter-holder O and fillister form P are attached to the auxiliary stock by bolts and thumb-screws s s, Fig. 11.

The above are instances which indicate also other and varied uses of which the entire instrument is capable.

This whole instrument, with all the parts herein described, by taking apart, can be packed in a box less than a foot in length, six inches in breadth, and four inches in depth, interior dimensions, and thus a complete set of such instruments becomes very portable and compact and of comparatively small cost. Instruments of the ordinary construction having all the various capabilities and uses herein specified, if made separately, would occupy many times as much space and be many times more expensive.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. A kit-plane constructed with a stock, A, as described, changeable cutter E, and separate changeable front and back form-plates, H I, the said form-plates being independently attached to the stock, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

2. The stock A, constructed with a ledge or bracket, D, projecting from one side thereof, and of sufficient width to support all the different widths of cutters used, with the laterally-acting wedge G to clamp the cutters on the ledge, and with the vertical flange f, to one side of which the front and back form-plates are attached, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

3. The separate form-plates or molds H I, each constructed with the horizontally-extended body or form k, the vertical flange g, for attaching to the stock-flange f and the ledge or shoulder j, for holding them accurately in line under the flange f, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

4. The combination, with the stock A, of the cross-bar J and gage-stop K, the former being horizontally adjustable in the stock and the latter mounted and vertically adjustable in the cross-bar, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

5. The auxiliary stock L and its removable cutter-holder O and mold-forms P, in combination with the main instrument, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

The foregoing specification signed by me this 22d day of August, 1881.

AMOS FALES.

Witnesses:
A. C. LEWIS,
J. P. LESHEN.

No. 250,007 – Bench-Plane (George F. Sawyer) (1881)

[paiddownloads id=”317″]250007

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

GEORGE F. SAWYER, OF LIBERTY, TEXAS.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 250,007, dated November 22, 1881.
Application filed July 5, 1881. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE F. SAWYER, of Liberty, in the county of Liberty and State of Texas, have invented certain useful Improvements in Plane Attachments, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to prevent dulling the cutting-edge of a plane-iron by the backward movements of the plane.

The invention consists in a stirrup pivoted to the sides of the plane in such a manner that the transverse piece of the stirrup passes through a transverse groove in the under surface of the plane, this groove increasing in height toward the rear of the plane, so that when the plane is drawn backward it will be slightly raised by this stirrup, so that the cutting-edge of the plane-iron cannot slide on the board being planed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal elevation of a plane provided with my improved attachment, the same being shown in the position it has when the plane is being moved backward. Fig. 2 is a like elevation, showing the plane moving forward. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional elevation of the same on the line x x, Fig. 1.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

A stirrup, A, of the same width as the plane B, has the outer surface of its transverse piece or bar C rounded or cylinder-shaped. This stirrup A is pivoted to the plane B in such a manner that the shanks of the stirrup extend into the recesses D in the lower parts of the sides of the plane, these recesses being united by a transverse groove, E, in the under or bearing surface of the plane, the transverse bar C passing through this groove. The groove increases in depth or height from the front to the rear on a curved line.

The operation is as follows: If the plane is moved in the direction of the arrow x’, as shown in Fig. 1, the stirrup A swings to the front edge of the recesses D, and is held in that position on account of the movement of the plane; but, the stirrup-shanks being longer than the distance from the pivot to the under side of the plane, the plane must be raised a short distance and the cutting-edge of the plane-iron G cannot slide on the board F, and consequently will not become dull or blunted; but when the plane is moved forward in the direction of the arrow y’, as shown in Fig. 2, the stirrup swings back and the plane is lowered, and the cutting-edge of the plane-iron G cuts into the board F.

This device is simple and can be attached to old as well as new planes.

I am aware that it is not broadly new to provide planes with rollers adapted to elevate the cutter above the board when the plane is being drawn backward.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

1. The combination, with a plane having lateral recesses and a transverse groove in its under surface, of a suitable stirrup having its shanks pivoted in said recesses and adapted to slide into said groove, substantially as shown and described.

2. The combination, with the plane B, provided with recesses D in the sides and a transverse groove, E, in the under surface, of the stirrup A, pivoted to the plane, substantially as herein shown and described, and for the purpose set forth.

GEORGE FREDERIC SAWYER.

Witnesses:
W. B. TAYLOR,
D. C. PALMER.

No. 249,097 – Shave (Henry P. Roberts) (1881)

[paiddownloads id=”316″]249097

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

HENRY P. ROBERTS, OF JAMESTOWN, N. Y., ASSIGNOR OF THREE-FOURTHS TO THE HORTON MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

SHAVE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 249,097, dated November 1, 1881.
Application filed June 1, 1881. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY P. ROBERTS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Jamestown, in the county of Chautauqua and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Shaves; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

The object of this invention is to combine a gage or friction roller with a cutting edge or blade.

The principle of my invention can be shown in a heel-shave by which any of the ordinary-shaped heels may be operated upon, the tool adjusted to cut thin shavings of leather, and the shavings moved rapidly away from the knife-edge, to prevent clogging of the shavings-passage, and the tool can also be used upon wood as an ordinary spokeshave.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a bottom view of a spoke or heel shave with my improvement thereon. Fig. 2 is a front view thereof. Fig. 3 is a view of the gage-roller and the frame thereof, detached. Fig. 4 is a transverse section through the middle of the roller, its supporting-frame, and the knife-blade, with its frame; and Fig. 5 is a section on line x x of Fig. 2.

The letter A represents the handle of the tool, which is curved at the center and recessed inwardly from its front edge, to receive the knife and gage-roller, the two parts of the handle being conneoted in one piece by the curved bridge B.

Immediately in front of the bridge is located the knife-blade C, curved to conform to the shape of the lower surface of the bridge, and secured to the handle by screws c. The cutting-edge of the knife is turned outwardly and projects somewhat forward of the shanks C’, by which said blade is attached to the handle.

Immediately above and partly in front of the edge of the knife is arranged a gage-roller, D, which corresponds with the shape of the knife, and in this case it tapers from its middle toward each end in such a manner that the longitudinal curve of its surface corresponds with the curve of the edge of the knife; but if it should be combined with a straight knife, it would be cylindrical in shape. This gage-roller D is mounted in an adjustable frame, E, between the downwardly-projecting lugs e, on which the roller is pivoted on screw-pivots e’. The ends E’ of the frame are provided with open slots f, through which pass screws F to secure said frame to the handle, the slots permitting either an upward or downward adjustment of the frame and roller, to bring said roller in such relation to the knife as to regulate the cut thereof as desired.

It will be observed that, owing to the curved shape of the knife, a very small portion of its edge may be brought in contact with the surface acted upon, if said surface is nearly flat, and that a heel of any of the ordinary shapes, either curved or straight, may be trimmed by the tool. The roller revolves as the tool advances, and the cut shavings coming in contact with the roller, their passage is facilitated through the opening between the roller and knife.

While the main functions of the gage-roller are to regulate the out of the knife, to remove friction and facilitate the passage of the shavings, it can be adjusted also to compensate for the wearing away of the edge of the knife. The adjustment can be made either by placing washers between the ends E’ of the roller-frame E and the frame of the blade C and removing these washers as fast as the blade wears away, or by supporting and clamping each end of the roller-frame between the heads of two screws, as shown in Figs. 1 and 5. In these figures, F’ represents the screws, inserted adjustably in the frame A. The flat head of said screws is hollow, and screw-tapped internally to receive the clamping-screws F, so that whatever may be the width of the blade C the roller D can be made to follow its edge, and the frame of said roller can be secured at each end.

I do not limit the use of my invention to heel or spoke shaves, as it is applicable to other cutting-instruments-for instance, carpenters’ planes.

Having now described my invention what I claim is —

1. The combination , with the handle, recessed as described, of the curved knife C, and the gage-roller tapered from its middle to its ends to conform to the curves of said knife, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination, with the recessed handle having the curved knife C secured thereto, of the roller D, arranged above said knife and mounted in an adjustable frame, E, substantially as described.

3. The combination with the handle, recessed as described, and having secured thereto the curved knife C, of the roller D, mounted in an adjustable frame, E, having the lugs e, between which the roller is pivoted, and between which the edge of the knife extends, substantially as described.

4. The combination of the centrally-curved handle, curved knife C, tapering roller D, and frame E, with adjustable hollow screws F’ and clamping-screws F, substantially as and for the purpose described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

HENRY P. ROBERTS.

Witnesses:
JAMES I. FOWLER,
WILLIAM K. VANDERGRIFT.

No. 245,093 – One-Hand Plane (Isaac Reeder) (1881)

[paiddownloads id=”315″]245093

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ISAAC REEDER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO ROBERT S. DUFF, OF SAME PLACE.

ONE-HAND PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 245,093, dated August 2, 1881.
Application filed May 26, 1881. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ISAAC REEDER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Wood-Workers’ Finishing-Tools; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention is designed for finishing or smoothing moldings, &c., and may be variously shaped to suit the different conformations of the surfaces upon which it is used.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of one form of the invention. Fig. 2 is a side view of a niodided form of the invention. Fig. 3 is a front view of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a side view of a portion of the tool, showing a further modification.

Similar letters of reference indicate similar parts in the respective figures.

Referring more particularly to Fig. 1, A is a metal stock, the lower or operating face of which is, as viewed endwise or in transverse section, made convex or of other formation to suit the character of the work. The bed of the stock, or the surface upon which the plane-bit rests, is placed at the usual angle. The lower face of the stock is curved longitudinally, in order that the bit may be given the desired bite into the wood without shifting its position relatively to the stock.

B represents the bit, which is of a construction similar to that heretofore employed in planes, the bit being slotted and secured to the bed of the stock by a set-screw in a common manner. The cutting-edge of the bit is ground to the ordinary acute angle, and is made to conform to the transverse shape of the operating-face of the stock. The bit, as here shown, is not used. with a cover, but one may be used if desired, in which case the lower edge of the cover should be so formed as to be concentric with the cutting-edge of the bit, and fixed at a short distance above it to coincide with the steel face in the ordinary manner.

The front portion or lip of the stock is hollowed out at its upper surface, and the cavity thus formed may serve to collect the minute shavings which in the operation of the tool are passed through the aperture cut in the stock for the insertion of the bit; or it may serve as a rest for the finger or thumb of the operator, who can thus place a pressure on the lip of the stock and increase the bite of the bit.

At the rear of the stock is formed an ear or lug, to which the handle B is secured by a set-screw, b. This handle is adapted to be moved upon the screw as a pivot obliquely to the line of movement of the tool, and held in the required position.

In Fig. 2 the handle is shown solid with the stock, but in other respects the tool agrees with the description above given.

In Fig. 4 the lower or operating face of the stock is flat, the edge of the bit a, being necessarily of corresponding shape.

The tool is specially designed for finishing wood moldings, and when so employed may take the place of the round-nosed chisel and sand-paper at present commonly used. The tool may, however, be used with advantage in finishing other surfaces of soft material.

I claim as my invention —

As an improvement in tools for finishing or smoothing moldings, &c., a metallic stock whose front portion or lip is constructed to serve as a finger or thumb rest, combined with an adjustable bit, and a pivoted handle capable of horizontal adjustment obliquely to the line of movement of the tool, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ISAAC REEDER.

Witnesses:
J. SNOWDEN BELL,
GEORGE T. KELLY.

No. 243,398 – Bench-Plane (Samuel A. Piper) (1881)

[paiddownloads id=”314″]243398

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

SAMUEL A. PIPER, OF NEWTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 243,398, dated June 28, 1881.
Application filed May 3, 1881. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL A. PIPER, of Newton, of the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Plow or Grooving Planes; and I do hereby declare the same to be described in the following specification and represented in the accompanying drawings, of which —

Figure 1 is a top view, Fig. 2 a longitudinal section, Fig. 3 a horizontal section, and Fig. 4 a transverse section, of the plane as open. Fig. 5 is avertical section taken through its depth or lower gage.

The nature of my invention is defined by the claims hereinafter presented.

The grooving-plane, as described, has either or each of its gages connected with the stock by means of parallel links jointed to both, and such stock and gage are recessed to receive, when closed together, the links, and are provided with a clamping arc and screw, the whole enabling the gage to be readily adapted in parallelism with and to different distances from the stock and its cutter or plane iron, as occasion may require. The invention admits of the plane being materially reduced in width by closing the width-gage upon the stock, in which case their connections will not project beyond that side of the stock which is opposite to the one against which the gage may rest.

In the drawings, A denotes the stock; B, its handle; C D, its throat-plates; E, its chisel or cutter, and F the holding-wedge of the latter.

G is the width-gage, and H the depth-gage. Each of the said gages is connected with the stock by two parallel links, I I, pivoted or hinged at their ends to the gage and stock, there being within the said gage and stock recesses K, as shown, to receive the links when the gage is closed against the stock. There is also pivoted or hinged to the gage a circular curved arc or bar, L, which goes or slides freely into or through the stock, which is provided with a clarnp-screw, M, to act against and clamp the arc in position.

I claim —

1. In a plow or grooving plane, either or each of its gages connected with the stock by parallel links pivoted to such stock and gage, in combination with such stock and gage, recessed to receive, when they are closed together, the said links, and provided with a clamping are and screw for holding the gage in position, all being substantially as set forth.

2. In a plow or grooving plane, either or each of the gages connected with the stock by parallel links pivoted to such stock and gage, in combination with a clamping are and screw adapted to the gage and stock and to each other, substantially as set forth.

S. A. PIPER.

Witnesses:
CHARLES ELLIS,
ADELA M. ELLIS.

No. 242,740 – Flexible-Faced Plane (Leonard Bailey) (1881)

[paiddownloads id=”313″]242740

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

LEONARD BAILEY, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

FLEXIBLE-FACED PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 242,740, dated June 14, 1881.
Application filed November 13, 1880. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, LEONARD BAILEY, of Hartford, in the State of Connecticut, have invented certain Improvements in Flexible-Faced Planes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of planes in which the face is made flexible, so that by means of a screw or equivalent device it may be adapted to concave or convex surfaces of different degrees of curvature; and it consists in improvements upon these planes, as now constructed, in four particulars.

In the drawings, I have shown in Figure 1 a side elevation of a plane embodying my improvements, and in Fig. 2 a longitudinal section of the same.

The first part of my invention relates to the screw for regulating the degree of curvature of the face, and more especially to the method of attaching it to the stock, so that it shall be capable of adjustment in case of wear by use.

In the Letters Patent to Charles H. Sawyer dated April 16, 1867, numbered 63,948, is described a screw passing through the center of the handle or stock, and attached to a piece which is rigidly fastened to the upper surface of the face, by means of which screw the curvature of the face is regulated. It is a matter of great importance in tools of this character that the adjusting-screw should be firmly fixed at the base and yet be permitted to turn freely. When, however, the base of the screw attached to the face, or to a piece of metal affixed to the face, becomes worn, which will happen after the tool has been used for a while, it ceases to be firmly held and becomes loose, and consequently more or less unfitted for use, or altogether useless. It is very desirable, therefore, to provide such means for adjusting the screw, in case of wear, as will overcome this difticulty. In the Sawyer patent referred to no means are provided to overcome the difficulty. I accomplish this very important object by the first part of my invention and in the following way: In the forward part of the stock a is a place for the reception of the base b’ of the screw b, which is somewhat larger in diameter than the main part of the screw. Upon the screw, below the piece c, is placed the nut d, which is of the same diameter as the base b’, and adapted to slide up and down the main part of the screw b. This nut d is fitted with screw-threads, which fit into screw-threads inside the place provided in the stock a for the reception of the base b’ of the screw. Around the periphery of this nut d are countersunk places d’ d’. When the base b’ of the screw b is placed inside of the place in the stock provided for its reception the nut d is to be screwed down and into this place. By this means the screw b is held firmly, and yet may be readily turned. When the screw becomes loose by reason of wear occasioned by use it may be readily tightened by screwing down the nut d sufficiently to accomplish this object. This may be done by means of the countersunk places d’ d’, in which any suitable tool may be inserted to turn the nut d. The screw b passes through the piece c, within which are screw-threads, with which the screw b engages. This piece is fastened to the frame e. Above this piece is the nut f, which travels along the screw b, the office of which is to assist in holding the screw b at any desired point. This is accomplished by screwing the nut f down to the piece c.

The second part of my invention relates to the frame to which the flexible face is attached, (marked e in the drawings,) and consists in making it of two pieces instead of one, as is now the case. This change will be found to be an important one in respect of ease and economy in manufacture, for instead of casting the entire frame in one piece, as is necessary in case of planes as they are now made, the two parts may be struck out of sheet metal and bent into the proper shape. These two pieces are united by the pins h h, with the rods i i connecting the frame e with the flexible face j, the rods turning upon the pins k k, by which they are attached to the face. Just above the rods i i are placed the handles m m, held in place by the screws n n.

The third part of my invention consists of a device for detaching the face from the stock when desired without injury to the former; and consists of the plate o, to which the face is permanently riveted, and which is connected with the stock a by means of two screws, o’ o’, passing through the stock and into but not through the plate o. Through this plate o and the face pass the cutting-irons p p. By the use of this device the face is rigidly attached to the frame, but can be easily detached by removing the screws o’ o’ without in any way injuring the face or affecting its smoothness, which it is of the utmost importance to preserve, and which would be impaired if the face were fastened directly to the frame or stock by means of screws passing through the face, as is now generally the case. This part of my invention is adapted to all classes of planes.

I am aware that in the Letters Patent to Samuel D. Sargent, dated June 17, 1879, and numbered 216,577, a transverse recess adjacent to the throat and attached to the stock, and an independent throat-piece fitted to said recess and attached to the face, are described and shown; but my invention, just described, differs from that, inasmuch as the plate o is not a throat-piece, and has no other office or use than to attach the face to the stock in such manner as that it may be readily detached, and its mode of attachment to the stock is entirely different.

The fourth part of my invention consists in providing a head, q, in place of a crank, such as is used by Sawyer, as described by him in his said Letters Patent, for the purpose of turning the screw b, and an improved method of attaching this head to the screw, which is done by inserting the head in the slot r in the upper end of the screw b and holding the head in place by the screw s. By this means the screw b may be more readily turned, and also the head may be more easily attached or detached, as desired.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. The combination, with flexible face j, piece c, stock a, and the frame to which they are attached, of screw b, having flange b’, and nut or collar d, which engages with a recessed part of said stock and operates to hold said stock and screw together, substantially as set forth.

2. A plane-frame consisting of two corresponding sheet-metal side plates, which may be stamped or struck up by the same die, said plates being fastened at their ends by cross pins or rods, substantially as set forth.

LEONARD BAILEY.

Witnesses:
HENRY E. TAINTOR,
EDWARD B. BENNETT.

No. 240,076 – Spokeshave (Louis Bauer) (1881)

[paiddownloads id=”312″]240076

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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LOUIS BAUER, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

SPOKESHAVE.

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SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 240,076, dated April 12, 1881.
Application filed December 27, 1880. (No model.)

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LOUIS BAUER, of the city and county of San Francisco, State of California, have invented an Improved Spoke-shave; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

My invention relates to certain improvements in tools for working wood, leather, and other materials, these tools being known as “spokeshaves.”

My invention consists in a novel method of holding and clamping the blade of the shave in place between two clamping-jaws, so that any style of blade may be held in place and may be adjusted to or from the plate or edge, which serves as a gage.

My invention further consists in a means for setting the blade to or from the gage-plate, so as to regulate the cut, all of which will be more fully explained by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which —

Figure 1 is a view of my tool. Fig. 2 is a transverse section. Fig. 3 is a detail view of the knife and holding-post. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section. Figs. 5 and 6 are modifications of the cutter.

A is the handle or stock of my tool. This handle may be like the ordinary spokeshave, with two ends, or it may be carried back as a single handle, by which to draw or push the tool. It is fitted in the usual manner near the center, to admit the cutting-blade B.

In the ordinary construction of these tools the blade has two ends or tangs turned up and fitted to enter holes made transversely through the stock.

In my invention the blade B has its ends straight and made with wedge or other shaped edges, so as to be held firmly between suitable jaws, C. These jaws are formed upon the ends of posts D, which extend up through the stock A just at the ends of the cutter or blade.

These posts have their fulcrums in the stock, either by being pivoted in the slot, or they may simply be made a little smaller than the holes through which they pass, so that they may have a side movement or oscillation. Between the upper ends of these posts a bar, E, extends, this bar being formed in two parts with a screw-thread upon one or both, so that by means of a nut, F, in the center it may be lengthened or shortened. When the bar is made longer by turning the nut it forces the upper ends of the posts D apart, thus drawing the lower ends with their jaws together, and clamping the cutter-blade firmly between them. In the present case I have shown one part of the bar E made angular or pinned to one post, so as not to turn. This part has screw-threads upon it, while the other part has a nut to fit these threads, its opposite end turning loosely in its post. By this method of securing the cutter in place it may always be adjusted to or from the gage-plate and its proper distance maintained until it is entirely worn out.

It will be seen that any form of cutting-blade may be secured in this manner, the grooves in the bottom of the posts which receive the ends of the blade being straight or curved, as required.

The distance of the cutter from the stock may be regulated to make a thicker or thinner out by loosening the bar E and moving the posts up or down; but for delicate adjustment I employ a device constructed as follows:

G are posts which pass through the stock behind the posts D, and have their lower ends turned outward, or otherwise secured. Their upper ends are turned at right angles above the posts D, and screws H pass through them, so as to press upon the heads of the posts D. When these screws are turned in one direction they will force the posts D downward and move the blade or cutter away from the stock, thus leaving a wide slot. In order to return the blade and make the slot narrower the screws may be so connected with the posts D as to draw them back; but I have shown a flat curved spring, I, the ends of which are turned up and perforated, so that they slip over the ends of the bar E. The center of the spring presses upon the stock, and when the screws H are turned back the spring will force the posts D and bar E upward, thus drawing the knife or cutter closer to the stock. After the adjustment has been made satisfactorily, the bar E, which was previously loosened, may be again tightened, so as to hold the cutter in place.

The construction here described enables me to use a single stock for a number of cutters, and they maybe worn down to a narrow blade before being cast aside.

This tool is especially valuable for working leather, on account of its delicate and easy adjustment.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. The stock constructed with the inner curved faces, in combination with the blade or cutter B, having its ends beveled to fit corresponding grooves in the lower ends of the oscillating posts D, said posts having the straining rod or bar E extending between their upper ends, and provided with a nut, F, whereby the cutter may be clamped or released, substantially as herein described.

2. The oscillating posts D, with their straining-bar E fitted to hold the cutter B, as shown, in combination with the posts G, screws H, and spring I, whereby the cutter may be adjusted to or from the stock, substantially as herein described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

LOUIS BAUER.

Witnesses:
S. H. NOURSE,
FRANK A. BROOKS.