No. 151,188 – Improvement In Crozes (John W. Young) (1874)

[paiddownloads id=”229″]151188

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN W. YOUNG, OF WHEELING, WEST VIRGINIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF HIS RIGHT TO ANDREW H. BAGGS, OF KIRKWOOD, OHIO.

IMPROVEMENT IN CROZES.

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Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 151,188, dated May 19, 1874; application filed April 30, 1874.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN W. YOUNG, of Wheeling, in the county of Ohio and State of West Virginia, have invented a new and Improved Croze; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 is a bottom-plan view of a cooper’s croze, and Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same.

Similar letters of reference in the accompanying drawings denote the same parts.

In cooper’s crozes, as ordinarily constructed, the board and guard are made of wood, and in practice it is found that the friction of the edges of the staves upon the board of the croze rapidly wears a groove or gutter in its lower face, which causes the groove made in the staves by such a tool to be situated too low in the barrel, besides causing greater friction in the operation of the croze. The guard also becomes quickly worn in use when made of wood, and it has frequently to be removed from the board and filed or trimmed to restore it to its proper form. The friction of the wooden croze in use is not, also, uniform, thereby causing it to wear more in some places than in others, thereby rendering the tool in a great degree inoperative by cutting a groove in the staves of varying width and thickness.

To remedy these defects, the boards and guards of crozes have heretofore been made of very hard wood, as lignum vitae; but crozes made of that wood are expensive, and have been found to chip, and in time the groove or gutter is formed in the board, and the guard becomes worn, and the objectionable features of the ordinary wooden guard and board are not removed by this change of material.

By constructing the guard and board entirely of glass the objectionable features above described are entirely removed, as no gutter is formed in the board by the staves, and there is no wear of the guard, while the extreme hardness of the glass almost entirely obviates the friction between the croze and barrel, and allows the former to be more easily operated.

By my construction, also, the groove is always made at the proper depth in the barrel, and will be of uniform size throughout.

In the accompanying drawings, A is the board, and B the guard of the croze, made, preferably, in one piece, and constructed in the ordinary manner, with a recess, C, in the guard for the bit D, and an opening, E, in the lower face of the guard for the discharge of chips. F is a bolt passing through an orifice inthe board and guard, and screw-threaded at its end for the reception of a nut, and provided with a projecting lug, G, which bears upon the bottom face of the bit, by means of which construction the bit is securely held in place, and can readily be adjusted in its seat.

The board and guard are preferably made in one piece, the glass forming them being molded and pressed.

By constructing the board and guard of glass, the croze is much more easily operated, and crozes thus constructed can be made with little expense, and obviously they are much more durable than wooden crozes.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is —

As a new article of manufacture, a cooper’s croze, the board and guard of which are made entirely of glass.

JOHN W. YOUNG.

Witnesses:
NATHAN K. ELLSWORTH,
WM. READ.

No. 151,682 – Improvement In Planes (Burkner F. Burlington) (1874)

[paiddownloads id=”230″]151682

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

BURKNER F. BURLINGTON , OF WAKEFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND JOSEPH CARTWRIGHT, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN PLANES.

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Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 151,682, dated June 9, 1874; application filed January 28, 1874.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BURKNER F. BURLINGTON, of Wakeneld, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain Improvements in Combination Plane, Square, and Marker, for Clapboarding, &c., of which the following is a specication:

Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings are side views. Fig 3 is a central vertical longitudinal section; and Fig. 4 is a central transverse vertical section of my improved combination block-plane, square and marker.

The object of the present invention is to provide a compound tool for clapboarding, &c., by the use of which the inconvenience and loss of time heretofore occasioned by the employment of separate tools, is obviated. My invention consists in a simple, economical, and effective compound tool, arranged, as will be hereinafter more fully explained, to be conveniently used as a block-plane for finishing, as well as for clapboarding; as a marker for properly lining the work for cutting; and as a square for squaring the ends of clapboards, finishing, &c. Also, in providing a simple and effective method of holding and allowing the ready adjustment of the plane-iron; in an adjustable traveling marker-head or holder, arranged to hold or release and allow an up-and-down movement of a suitable blade or marker; in forming the bottom of the plane so as to guide it on the work; and in providing the tool with adjustable plates, arranged to admit of its adjustment to the finish at an angle properly to receive the clapboard to be marked for squaring; all of which I will now proceed to describe.

In the drawings, A represents the front side, B the back side, and C the bottom, of a metallic plane. The sides A and B extend below the bottom C, and form flanges or rabbets a a’, between which the work is guided when planed, the groove b, formed between the flanges a a’, being about an inch wide, or of sufficient width to admit seven-eighths finish, or may be of different width, if desired, for other work. The bottom C at the rear extends laterally from the side A in a curved or other desired shape, and is formed at the end with a transverse downward-extending flange or lip, D, that serves as a square with the bottom of the plane, which latter is formed with a transverse mouth, e, beveled at the required angle on its rear edge. The side A is curved downward on the front, and rounded on the bottom at the forward end, or may be otherwise shaped as desired, and is curved downward at the rear end, and formed with a curved or other suitably-shaped thumb-piece, E, and on the top at a proper distance from the thumb-piece E is formed with a curved or other suitably-shaped finger-piece, F. The side A is formed on the inside at or near its center with a lateral projecting plate, G, inclined on the top toward the front, and rabbeted to receive one side of a plate, H, formed on or attached to the under side of a plane-iron, I, the other side of the plate being held by a rabbet formed in an inclined top of a movable plate, J, held between side lugs f f, or otherwise supported, on the interior of the side B. The adjustable plate J is formed with a central transverse screw-aperture that receives one end of a transverse screw, K, whose other end turns in an aperture formed through the inclined plate G and side A, and on the outside is provided with a suitable head, L, concaved on its face to serve as a thumb-rest when the tool is used for planing. By merely turning the screw k, the plate J is adjusted nearer to or farther from the plate G, thus holding or releasing the plate H of the plane-iron I, which is placed upon the top of the plates G and J, so that the plate H is received between the rabbets of the said plates which are inclined at the angle required to bring the bottom of the iron I in the mouth e of the plane. The bottom C is formed on its top near the front with a finger-rest, M, which is ridged up, and depressed in an elliptical form on its upper face. The side B is higher than the side A, and straight on the top, with rounded corners, or may be curved or formed as desired, so as to allow the exterior to be formed with a longitudinal central groove or slot, N, beveled on its edges, or otherwise arranged to receive and admit the longitudinal travel of an adjustable marker-holder or head. Near each end of the side B is formed on the exterior a vertical slot or groove beveled on the edges, or otherwise formed, to receive and allow the up or down adjustment of a slotted plate, P P’, held or released by a screw, g, that engages in the side B, and bears on, so as to hold the plate in the desired position. These plates P P’ are (when it is desired to mark a clapboard the required length) extended so that their ends abut against the finish, the lower plate P’ being extended a distance beyond the upper plate P equal to the difference between the upper and lower widths of the clapboard, thus allowing the tool to be held at the proper angle to receive the clapboard for marking and squaring. Any desired marker may be arranged as preferred to be adjusted and travel on the side B, but in the present example I prefer to use either one of those represented in the drawings. The marker, shown in Figs. 1 and 4 of the drawings. consists of a vertical plate, h, beveled on the top and bottom edge, or otherwise formed, to be held by and travel in the slot or groove N. From about the center of the plate hprojects upward and outward an open box or frame, i, over the open sides of which extend vertical plates, curved or otherwise connected at the top, and forming a movable head, k, to which is attached the top end of a stem, s, that extends vertically through the box i, wherein is a spiral spring, p, surrounding the stem s, for the purpose of restoring the blade of the marker to its original position after its function has been performed. The lower portion of the stem s is curved inwardly and extended laterally, or otherwise shaped, and formed at the back with a flat surface, having a vertical slot or groove beveled or otherwise formed on the edges to receive a pointed or other properly formed blade or marker, r, which is held or adjusted by means of a screw, n, operating through the face of the lower portion of the stem against the blade.

When desired to use the marker represented in Figs. 1 and 4, the head k is pressed down so as to extend the blade r below the bottom of the tool, and the marker is, by means of the plate h traveling in the slot or groove N, carried down so as to draw the blade across the face of the clapboard or finish against which the tool is held, thus marking the work in the desired manner, the blade after performing its function returning, by means of the spring p, to its former position above the bottom of the tool, which is thus left unobstructed by it for further use.

Having thus fully described my improvements, what I claim as my invention, and desire to have secured to me by Letters Patent, is —

1. A block-plane having the plate G, in combination with the transverse screw K, movable plate J, and plane-iron having rib or plate, as described.

2. The plane, substantially as described, having the adjustable plates and traveling marker, adjusting set-screw, and finger-rests, as described.

3. A marker having a vertical plate, h, arranged to travel in the side of a plane and connected or formed with an upward and outward projecting box or frame, i, having a movable head, k, connected with a stem, s, extending vertically through the box, and supplied with a spiral spring, p, the lower portion of said stem projecting inwardly, and formed with a flat rear face, vertically slotted or grooved to receive an adjustable blade, substantially as specified, and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

BURKNER F. BURLINGTON.

Witnesses:
CARROLL D. WRIGHT,
SAML. M. BARTON.

No. 153,122 – Improvement In Planes (Leonard Shane) (1874)

[paiddownloads id=”231″]153122

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

LEONARD SHANE, OF HAMPTON, IOWA.

IMPROVEMENT IN PLANES.

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Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 153,122, dated July 14, 1874; application filed June 1, 1874.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEONARD SHANE, of Hampton, in the county of Franklin and in the State of Iowa, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes; and do hereby declare that the following is full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the letters of reference thereon, making a part of this specification.

The nature of my invention consists in the use of a device which is secured to the end of a plane, for the purpose of canting the same, for planing beveled surfaces, as will be set forth.

ln the annexed drawings, Figure 1 is an end view of a plane with device attached, and Fig. 2 is a perspective of same. In the figures, A represents the end of a plane, to which is connected, by means of a set-screw, a slotted bar, B. To one end of this bar B is pivoted a triangular guide-plate, D; it is also connected to the bar B by means of a set-screw, i, which works through a slot, e, in said plate. The angle of the bar D can be changed on the end of the plane by means of the set-screw C, and the angle of the plate D can be changed on the bar B by means of its pivot and set-screw i. It will be seen that, by means of these two changes, the plane can be canted so that it will work upon irregular surfaces.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The combination, with a plane, A, of the bar B, having the slot a, and the set-screw C, the triangular bar D, pivoted to the bar B, and having the curved slot e, and the adjusting-screw i, all substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing, I have hereunto set my hand this 11th day of May, 1874.

LEONARD SHANE.

Witnesses:
J. W. McKENZIE,
G. C. HAYES.

No. 153,399 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (George M. Thompson) (1874)

[paiddownloads id=”232″]153399

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

GEORGE M. THOMPSON , OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

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Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 153,399, dated July 21, 1874; application filed June 13, 1874..

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE M. THOMPSON, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and valuable Improvement in Bench-Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings making a part of this specification, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon.

Figure 1 of the drawing is a representation of a longitudinal vertical section of my plane. Fig. 2 is a top plan view, and Fig. 3 is a bottom plan view. Fig. 4 is a transverse section, and Figs. 5, 6, and 7 are detail views. Fig. 8 is an under-side view of the chip E.

This invention has relation to that class of bench-planes having metallic stocks; and it consists, principally, in a bed-frame and moveable carriage for the plane-iron, which carriage is adjustable by means of a rack and segment lever and a thumb-screw, and affords a broad and firm bearing for the plane-iron. It further consists in combining, with the plane-iron and its adjustable bed, a jointed “chip” or wedge, which is provided with a set-screw, by means of which the upper and lower ends of the said chip can be made to bear with considerable force upon the plane-iron, and rigidly hold it in place. My invention consists, further, in constructing V-shaped lugs on the plane-iron carriage, which lugs are adapted to enter notches made in the edges of the plane-iron, and thereby prevent the same from slipping longitudinally when adjusted on its carriage, as will be hereinafter more fully explaned.

The following is a description of my improvements:

In the annexed drawings, A designates a sole-plate, and B B the side flanges or cheeks thereof, which, with the plate, constitute a metal plane-stock, which is cast entire. C and C’ designate the handles of the stock, which are of the usual well-known form, and are secured on top of the sole-plate in any suitable manner. The bottom and top surfaces of the sole-plate are constructed with numerous grooves, a, arranged alternately in regular rows of short sections, which greatly reduce the frictional surface, while at the same time they lighten the stock very much. The grooves a’ on top of the sole-plate are disposed between the grooves a, and also lighten the stock without materially reducing its strength or stiffness. The said grooves run in a direction with the length of the stock, and they are preferably made quite short, so that they will not interfere with the dressing of the edge of a very narrow piece of stuff. D designates a frame, which is rigidly secured upon the sole-plate A, in rear of the throat, by means of a clamp, c. This frame D is constructed with a bearing, b’, for the lower portion of the plane-iron G, the upper portion of which iron is supported upon an inclined carriage or sliding bed, b. This carriage b is guided in the frame D by means of lips p p and hooking-lugs l l, (shown in Fig. 6,) and it is constructed with V-shaped lugs j j, which enter notches i i made in the edges of the plane-iron G, and thus prevent endwise displacement of the plane-iron on its carriage. On the bottom side of the carriage b a rack, r, is formed, the teeth of which engage with a toothed segment, which is formed on the short arm of a lever, F, which has its fulcrum at f on standard h, rising from the base of the frame D. The longer arm of lever F is forked, and embraces an annular groove in an adjusting-nut, g, which nut is applied on a screw, g’, rising perpendicnlarly from a rear extension of the base of frame D. By adjusting the nut g, the carriage b can be moved up and down in the frame D, and the plane-iron can be nicely adjusted according to the thickness of the shaving required. E designates what is denominated the chip, which is of wedge form, and composed of two pieces hinged together at e’, and provided with a set-screw, e. When the plane-iron G is in place on the carriage b and bearing b’, the chip is inserted between it and four hooked lugs, d d d d, after which the parts are rigidly secured in place by means of the screw e, which bears on the plane-iron, and, by centrally bowing up the joint e’, forces the ends of the chip hard down on the plane-iron, as indicated in Fig. 1.

I am aware that similar devices have heretofore been used, as shown in the patent of Leonard Bailey, dated August 6, 1867, No. 67,398, and therefore I do not make claim to any device therein shown.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. The frame D, constructed with a bed-piece, b’, and provided with an adjustable carriage, D, for the plane-iron provided with the rack r, and combined with cogged segment-lever F and adjusting-nut g, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. The jointed chip E, provided with a set-screw, e, combined with the frame-lugs d, and the plane-iron G upon its carriage b, arranged as described.

3. The carriage b, provided with lugs j, combined with al plane-iron having notches i i in the edges to correspond therewith, substantially as in the manner shown and described.

In testimony that I claim the above I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two witnesses.

GEO. M. THOMPSON.

Witnesses:
GEORGE E. UPHAM,
FRANK J. MASI.

No. 157,069 – Improvement In Plane-Handles (Frank Goodnow) (1874)

[paiddownloads id=”233″]157069

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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FRANK GOODNOW, OF ALBION, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN PLANE-HANDLES.

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Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 157,069, dated November 24, 1874; application filed October 9, 1874.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK GOODNOW, of Albion, in the county of Orleans and State of New York, have invented certain Improvements in Plane-Handles, of which the following is a specification:

My invention consists in the combination of a plane-handle with devices which render it readily attachable and detachable to the plane, so that one handle may be used on any number of planes.

In the accompanying drawing, which is a perspective view, A is a handle of any ordinary form. B is a strap, which is secured to it by means of screws or otherwise, and is provided with the dowels a and b, and also a support at C, for the slotted cap-plate D. The slotted cap-plate D has its fulcrum at c, and is provided with a cam-shaped projection, d. E is a screw, which passes loosely through the slotted cap-plate D into the strap B. On this screw a short lever, F, is placed, which is provided with a cam, which engage with the cam-shaped projection d on the slotted cap-plate D. Two holes, e e, are made in the end of the plane G, corresponding with the dowels a and b. A screw is placed in the top of the plane at f in such a position as to engage with the slotted cap-plate D, which is slotted to receive it.

The handle, having been previously fitted to the plane, is attached to it by passing the dowels into the holes in the end of the plane, and at the same time passing the slotted end of the slotted cap-plate D under the screw f The lever F is now turned; this depresses the end of the slotted cap-plate D, and consequently raises the slotted end, causing it to bear with sufficient force against the under side of the head of the screw f to hold the handle firmly to the plane.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The combination of the handle A, strap B, provided with the support C and dowels a b, slotted cap-plate D, provided with a cam-shaped projection upon its rear end, cam-lever F, and plane G, provided with holes e e, constructed substantially as shown and described.

FRANK GOODNOW.

Witnesses:
GEO. P. HOPKINS,
JOHN A. STRAIGHT.

No. 157,162 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (James Duncan And William H. Talbot) (1874)

[paiddownloads id=”234″]157162

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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JAMES DUNCAN AND WILLIAM H. TALBOT, OF BUCHANAN, MICHIGAN.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

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Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 157,162, dated November 24, 1874; application filed June 17, 1874.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JAMES DUNCAN and WILLIAM H. TALBOT, of Buchanan, in the county of Berrien and State of Michigan, have invented a new and useful Bench-Plane for Scraping Veneers, of which the following is a specification:

The nature of our invention relates to the combination, with a small metallic plane-stock, of a scraping-bit, and certain devices for securing the said bit at any angle or inclination with the plane-throat; and it consists in the peculiar construction and arrangement of the devices for adjusting and securing the scraping-bit in the plane-stock, as more fully hereinafter set forth.

Figure 1 is a perspective view. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section through the center of the tool. Fig. 3 is a cross-section at x x, in Fig. 4, which is a perspective view of the plane-stock, the bit, segment, and pressure-plate being removed. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the segment. Fig. 6 is a similar view of the scraper-bit. Fig. -7 is a similar view of the pressure-plate and screw.

In the drawing, A represents a small metallic plane-stock, having the form of the metallic smoothing-plane in common use, provided with the usual handles, and with a transverse throat, a. To the inner side of each cheek is secured or formed therewith a semi-circular shoulder, b, in the radius of the throat a, from which the circle is struck. In the middle, and behind the throat, a shell-like quadrant, A’, rises from the flat of the plane-stock, having the same radius as the shoulders b. c is a screw-threaded bolt tapped through the cheek of one side of the plane-stock, passing through the quadrant and the other cheek, where it receives on its threaded protruding end a tail-nut, C’, by means of which the cheeks may be slightly sprung toward each other, and thus clamp anything fitted between them. B is a sliding segment lying on the shoulders b b and quadrant A’, to the latter of which it may be secured at any point by a set or clamp screw, c’, passing through a longitudinal slot in the segment, and tapped into the quadrant. The segment is still more firmly secured by clamping its sides between the cheeks of the plane-stock by means of the screw c and nut C’. In the fore end of the segment is a transverse slot, d, from the back of which rises a plate, e, which serves as a rest for the steel scraping-bit C which is inserted in the slot, its lower end projecting through the throat a. In front of the bit a pressure-plate, D, is inserted in the slot. A set-screw, f, is tapped through the top of the plate D bearing against the bit, as does the lower edge of said plate D, forcing the bit against the bearing-plate e, thus securing the scraping-bit to the segment B, the former being adjusted to take more or less cut, like an ordinary plane-iron, while it may be adjusted to a vertical position or to any inclination with relation to the work without altering its set, an essential feature in finishing veneers of different woods and structure of fiber or grain.

What we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. The combination, with the plane-stock A having the throat a, of the shoulders b, quadrant A’, segment B, scraper-bit C, pressure-plate D, and screws c’ f, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination, with the plane-stock A, of the shoulder b, quadrant A’, segment B, bolt c, nut C’, scraping-bit C, pressure-plate D, and screws c’ f, as and for the purpose set forth.

JAMES DUNCAN.
WM. H. TALBOT.

Witnesses:
L. P. FOX,
JAMES K. WOODS.

No. 157,438 – Improvement In Block-Planes (Charles Bridges) (1874)

[paiddownloads id=”235″]157438

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHARLES BRIDGES, OF LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN BLOCK-PLANES.

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Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 157,438, dated December 8, 1874; application filed July 28, 1873.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES BRIDGES, of Lowell, in the county of Middlesex and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented certain Improvements in Block-Planes, of which the following is a specification:

My invention relates to a metallic block-plane; and consists, first, in the shape of the handle, and, second, in the means of securing said handle and the plane-iron to the stock, as hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a general section of my improved plane. Fig. 2 is a rear view of the same. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the handle, slotted wedge-plate, post, and inclined cap; and Fig. 4 is a view ofthe handle, slightly modied, and another form of wedge-plate.

A is the metallic stock, having the top of its sides parallel with the bottom thereof, and having an upright post, C, cast in one piece with it. Upon the top of said post is cast a cap, E, the under side of which cap inclines toward the throat. The plane-iron herein used is the ordinary slotted plane-iron F. The post C and cap E are passed up through the broad part of the slot in the plane-iron F, and said iron rests upon the beveled side of the throat, and upon a partition, L, which runs across the stock A, in the usual manner, back of said post C.

The plate I is just wide enough to fll the space between the sides of the stock, is nearly twice as long as broad, has straight parallel sides, is straight in front and rounded out behind, and has in the middle a longitudinal slot wide enough at its front end to allow the cap E to pass up through the plate; but the rest of the slot is only wide enough to admit the post C below said cap. On each side of the narrow part of said slot are cast wedges D, which have the thin end in front. Said plate I is turned up about three-eighths of an inch in front, and is secured to the handle B by screws passing through the ends of said plate.

The top of the handle B is curved backward from the front of said wedge-plate I to the back of the same, its greatest elevation being near the back of said handle. The base of said handle is shaped like said wedge-plate, but is wider. The sides of the base of said handle are parallel with, directly over, and nearly touch the top edges of the stock A. The handle above its base is broader than the stock, the sides and top of said handle being convex, so that said sides project beyond the stock. The plate I makes such an angle with the bottom of said handle that, when the handle is in the position described, said plate lies flat on the plane-iron F.

From the above description it will be seen that driving the handle forward crowds the wedges D on the plate I under the cap E, and holds the plane-iron F in place.

The transverse partition J, immediately in front of the throat, is commonly used as a finger-rest; but for this purpose I use the hollow panel G in the space between said partition and the rim at the front end of the stock.

A modification of my invention is shown in Fig. 4, consisting of the handle B’ and wedge-plate I’ cast in one piece, and connected at the sides, and also by the post N’, which stands above the plate, and is divided where it joins said plate on each side of the wedges D’. This plate I’ is like a piece of the plate I shown in Figs. 1 and 3, cut out around the wedges. The handle B’, Fig. 4, is brought down in front, so as to fill the space above the plane-iron, in order to bear upon said iron. In all other respects the handle, plate, and wedges shown in Fig. 4 are like those already described.

The advantages of my invention are, that the handle offers a continuous curved surface to the hand; that its sides, projecting beyond the stock, enable it to be firmly and readily grasped; that, being entirely closed, it does not catch dust and shavings, and that the plane-iron is very easily removed or placed in position.

I claim as my invention —

1. The handle B, as and for the purpose herein shown and described.

2. The combination of the handle B, the wedge-plate I, having the wedges D, the post C, the cap E, the slotted plane-iron F, and the stock A, as and for the purpose herein specified.

CHARLES BRIDGES.

Witnesses:
ALBERT M. MOORE,
IRVING S. PORTER.

No. 158,302 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Carl Nordell) (1874)

[paiddownloads id=”236″]158302

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CARL NORDELL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

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Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 158,302, dated December 29, 1874; application filed June 18, 1874.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CARL NORDELL, of the city of New York, in the county and State of New York, have invented certain Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification:

The object of my invention is to furnish a hand-plane in which the tooth can be used shorter than in other planes, held in place and adjusted to the proper depth of cut and clearance for the shavings without the use of a double or covering tooth, or of the ordinary wedge, or the necessity of adjustment by hammering, and in which a durable metallic surface may be employed without liability of sticking to the surface of the work in consequence of the adhesion resulting from the well-known affinity between the metal and the rosin of the wood.

To accomplish this the invention consists, first, in a metallic cap, adjustable by means of a screw, or equivalent, to give the desired clearance for the shavings, and tightened against the tooth by means of a cam-lever pivoted to a screw adjusted in a threaded socket, which socket is pivoted on a spring-wire, or equivalent spring, which latter, held in permanent position at its two ends, allows ofa yielding at its middle to any extra or over pressure of the cam on the cap. This cap, with the cam-lever, thus does the purpose of the ordinary double or covering tooth and tightening-wedge. Second, in the combination of stationary springs with movable and adjustable screw-slides operating in the cap, and provided with cleats and stops, in such a manner that, when the cam-lever is thrown forward to loosen, but not remove, the cap, the tooth, which is provided with holes or slots suitable to encompass the said cleats, when the upper end of the tooth reaches the said stops, may be easily inserted between the said springs and the slides, and when pushed up against the said stops will be lodged on the said cleats by the pressure of the said springs, after which the depth of the tooth, or of the cut, is regulated. by operating the slides by means of its screws pivoted in the cap. When the cam is loosened the tooth may be instantly removed, when required, by simply pressing down the rear end of the cap against the ends of the springs placed under the tooth. This pressure raises the forward end of the cap sufficiently to release the tooth from the cleats, and allow it to slide out through the opening in the face of the plane. Third, in providing a combined metallic and wooden face of a plane by perforating or socketing the metallic face-plate, and inserting in the holes or sockets so formed one or more diffferent kinds of hard wood, placed with its grain or fibers at right angles to the face of the plane.

In the accompanying drawing, making a part of this specification, Figure 1 represents a longitudinal vertical section of a metallic hand-plane for planing wood, constructed according to my present invention. Fig. 2 is a face view of the same. Fig. 3 is a cross-section of the same, taken through the line x x of Fig. 1, and seen in direction of the arrow. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the under side of the tooth ofthe plane. Fig. 5 is a plan view of the inside of the cap, with its slides and screws for adjusting the tooth. Fig. 6 is a cross-section of the plane, taken through the line y y of Fig. 3.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts in the different figures.

A are the wooden handles of the plane. B is the metallic face-plate, provided at each edge with upright flanges a1, between which are inserted and secured as well the handles A as the entire mechanism for operating the tooth. The face B is provided with numerous perforations or sockets, into which are tightly in serted the wooden pieces b’, made of any desired shapes and sizes, in such a manner as to form a perfectly smooth and even surface with the metal. C is a metallic frame for supporting the tooth, cap, springs, and sockets, severally above mentioned, and the screw for regulating the cap to give the desired clearance for the shavings. The frame C is provided on the outside with cleats c1 c2, and is of sufficient width outside of the cleats to snugly fill the space between the flanges a1, and is secured to the metal of the plane by entering the cleats c2 tightly between the two cleats a2 a3, formed on each side of the frame C upon the inner sides of the flanges a1, and is fastened at the bottom to the top of the metallic face-plate B by a pin, c3. The frame G may also be secured in any other suitable manner, the mode being immaterial so long as it be held firmly in its place. D are ribs or upright flanges of the frame C, upon which flanges the tooth rests when in position for work. A part of the lower portion of the frame C is formed into a socket, d1, placed across the face-plate of the plane, through which socket, and through holes in the lower part of the flanges D, is inserted a wire spring, d2, which spring also goes through and serves as pivot for the screw-socket E. This socket E is held in a central position in the frame C by being inserted through an oblong hole, e’, in the frame G, previous to the insertion, through the socket E, of the spring d2 The hole, being oblong, allows of an oscillating motion of the socket E, and thus also of a sliding motion of the cap. F are springs attached, with their lower ends, to the bottom of the frame C, and bearing, with their upper ends, against the under side of the tooth, to force the same, when being inserted, into its proper position against the cap, and retaining it there, even when the cap is partly released for adjustment of the cap or of the tooth. The upper cross-bar of the frame C is provided with a threaded hole for the reception of a thumb-screw, G, on which are formed a thumb-nut or milled wheel, g1, a shank, f1, and a button, g2. H is the cap, curved so as to touch with its forward end the lower or forward end of the tooth, whatever be the adjusted position of the cap. The rear end of the cap is formed into a downward-projecting flange, h1, in which is a slot, h2, fitting, when the cap is placed in position on the shank f1, between the thumb-nut g1 and button g2 of the screw G, the circumference of the thumb-nut g1 projecting far enough below the edge of the flange h1 to allow of turning the screw G, whereby the cap H is slid forward or withdrawn, according to the clearance desired for the shavings. In about the center of the cap H is a cup-shaped slotted socket for the reception of the spherical cam of the cam-lever I. This cam is slotted, and in its slot is pivoted the upper end of a screw, l’, the lower end of which enters the socket E. The cap H is also provided, at its upper or rear end, with slots h3, through which project, sufiiciently far to handle, the thumb-nuts j1 of the screws J. The forward ends of the screws J are pivoted in a rib, j2, forming a part of or attached to the cap H. The rear ends of the screws J are pivoted to the pieces i1, attached to the rear end of the cap H. On these pieces i1 are little projections i2, forming a cavity between them, for the reception of the rear ends of the springs F. K are slides, each threaded to form a nut, for the reception of one of the screws J, by turning which they are operated. Each slide K is provided with a cleat, k1, and a stop, k2. L is the tooth, the center of which is cut out so as to allow of its being slid back and forth without interfering with the screw I’ or socket E. In the rear ends of the tooth L are perforations l’, to receive, when the tooth is inserted, the cleats k1 of the slides K.

When the cam-lever is thrown in the position indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 1, the springs F will raise the cap H sufliciently to allow (while slightly depressing the rear end of the cap H) of the introduction of the tooth L until it is checked by the stops k2 on the slides K. Allowing the springs F to expand, the tooth will be brought, with its slots l’, onto the cleats k1. By now turning either or both screws J, as the circumstances may require, by the hand-nuts j1, the tooth can be adjusted to the depth required, and its edge parallel to the face of the plane. The cap H is then adjusted by the screw G and hand-nut g1, to give the right clearance fbr the shavings. The cam-lever I is then tightened to depress the cap H, and the plane is ready for work.

Should the screw I’ have been turned down in its socket E too far for suiting a thicker tooth, the spring d2 will make up for the difference by yielding enough to allow of bringing the cam-lever down to the surface of the cap H in tightening the cam.

To remove the tooth it is only necessary to loosen the cam and depress slightly the rear end of the cap H.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

1. The cam and lever I, screw I’, and socket E, in combination with the spring d2, operating as described, and with the cap H, to hold the tooth firmly in place against the ribs D of
the frame C, substantially as specified.

2. The springs F, operating as described, in combination with the pieces i1 on the curved cap H, and the parts I I’ E, for the insertion and removal of the tooth L, and retaining the same while being adjusted, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

3. The screws J, working in the cap H, and provided with thumb-nuts j1, the slides K, with their cleats k1, and stops k2, in combination with the tooth L, provided with the slots l’, for the purpose of adjusting its position, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

4. The cap H, regulated by the screws G, the tooth L, regulated by the screws J and slides K, the cam and lever I, screw I’, socket E, and springs d2 F F, in combination with the frame C, face B, and handles A of a plane, to operate together in the manner and for the purposes substantially as specified.

5. The face of a plane, constructed by inserting pieces of wood b’ in a metallic face-plate, B, with the fibers at right angles to the face, substantially as and ibr the purpose specified.

The above specification of my invention signed by me this 15th day of June, 1874.

CARL NORDELL.

Witnesses:
D. PEARL,
H. W. E. PEARL.

No. 136,469 – Improvement In Carpenters’ Planes (Justus A. Traut) (1873)

[paiddownloads id=”208″]136469

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

IMPROVEMENT IN CARPENTERS’ PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 136,469, dated March 4, 1873.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, of New Britain, county of Hartfbrd and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvement in Carpenters’ Planes; and to enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same I will proceed to describe, referring to the drawing, in which the same letters indicate like parts in each of the figures.

The nature of this invention consists in making a metal tool combining plow, dado, and rabbet, capable of being easily and quickly changed and adjusted from one to the other.

Figure 1 is an outside elevation of the stock, in which the cutting-tools are secured. Fig. 2 is an inside view of an adjustable section of the stock, which is fitted closely and works back and forth freely upon arms, which are secured in a detachable manner into the main stock. Fig. 3 is a top view of this tool, showing the detachable arms secured in the body of the stock, one portion of which is arranged thereon so as to move back and forth freely and parallel with the main body. Fig. 4 shows the sides and section of a guide-plate, having a rabbet on each side which takes bearing on the edge of and is secured to the outside of the adjustable section of the stock by screws; one side of this plate when secured will be flush with the inside face of the stock; when the other side of the plate is secured to the stock it will form a rabbet at the junction of the lower edge of the stock and face of the plate; when secured flush with the stock serves simply as a guide; when secured so as to form a rabbet, the lower edge of the stock and face ofthe plate will take bearing against the edge and surface of the material being worked. Fig. 5 is a gage device, arranged near the front end of the tool to regulate the depth of cut, adjusted and held at the desired point by a set-screw. Fig. 6 is a screw-bolt, fitted into a hole drilled through the stock to receive said bolt, and is couuterbored from the inside so as to just receive the head of said bolt; one side of said bolt-head is cutaway so as to form an incline plane parallel with the face of the cutting-tool, so that by turning the nut on said bolt the incline surface will compress the cutting-tool and hold it firmly in its place. Fig. 7 are cutting-tools much like those in common use.

a is the stock proper. a’ is an adjustable section of the stock. b is a handle, fitted and secured to the metal by glue, having an admixture of mineral or other suitable material to insure its being held more firmly; I also insert a rivet through the wood and metal. c is a knob, arranged at the front end of the stock a, by which to steady the tool. d is the cutting-tool, fitted to the stock in the usual way, and is pressed to its seat by the incline surface of the screw-bolt e. f is a gage to regulate the depth of the cut of the tool d, having a shoe, g, secured to an arm, g’, by which it is adjusted and held to its desired position by set-screw h. This gage f is fitted to the sockets h’ h’ in the two-part stock, so that it can be changed from one to the other as occasion may require. i i are spur-cutters, fitted into dovetail grooves in the outside surfaces, and near the lower edge of the two parts of the stock a a’, just in front of the cutters, for the purpose of cutting the fiber of the wood to prevent the cutter from tearing. j j are arms fitted into the body of the stock, so that they may be removed and replaced at pleasure simply by inserting a pin into the orifices j’ The adjustable section of the stock a’ is attached to the arms j j, to fit closely and move freely to and fro in its relative position with the stock a, and is secured by set-screws h h. k is a boss or projection formed on the inside of the adjustable section a’, Fig. 2, so that when a cutter is secured in the stock a, and the adjustable stock a’ is moved forward, the boss k will bear against the outer edge of the cutter, which will fix the spurs the exact distance apart as the cut of the tool, thus forming a dado variable in width with that of the cutter used, simply by changing one cutting-tool for another.

If it be desirable to use a rabbet-plane place the side m of the guard-plate n against the outside and lower edge of the plate of the stock a’, and secure it by the screws h”’ h”’, Fig. 2, which will allow the lower edges of the two-part stock a a’ to rest upon the surface of the material, while the face of the guard-plate it bears against the edge or sides of the material on which the rabbet is to be formed. Thus a perfect rabbet-plane is produced susceptible of being regulated to various widths and depth.

When it is desirable to use this tool for a plow place the side m’ of the guard-plate n against the stock-plate a’, flush with the inside thereof, and secure the same by set-screws h”’ h”’; then use in the common way. Thus I am enabled to produce a dado, plow, and rabbet-plane in one tool, quickly and easily changed from one to the other, made detachable, and which can be packed in a small compass.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. The combination of the stationary stock a with the adjustable stock a’, when the latter is provided with the boss k, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. The detachable and reversible guard-plate n, when used in combination with the stock a, and adjustable stock a’, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
G. H. DICKERSON,
J. A. CONKLIN.

No. 137,329 – Improvement In Wood-Scrapers (Henry D. Spickler) (1873)

[paiddownloads id=”209″]137329

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

HENRY D. SPICKLER, OF CANTON, OHIO.

IMPROVEMENT IN WOOD-SCRAPERS.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 137,329, dated April 1, 1873; application filed December 5, 1892.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY D. SPICKLER, of Canton, in the county of Stark and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Wood- Scrapers; and that the following is a full, clear, and exact specification thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to make and use the said invention.

My invention relates to the construction of a tool for scraping and smoothing the surface of wooden implements, such, for instance, as ax-handles, spokes, &c., after they have been worked into the desired shape by means of a lathe or other machinery for accomplishing that object. It consists of a metal frame, having a handle cast or otherwise attached at each end, and having two longitudinal slots, in which are secured knives with scraping-edges, one of a straight and the other of a curved form, which are arranged at such an angle with the bottom faces of the frame, and with their edges at such distances from said bottom faces, as to cause the said knives to act as scrapers on the article to be operated on, when the tool is drawn over said article after the manner of using the ordinary spoke-shave. This scraper is applicable to nearly all the uses to which the common plate scraper is applied, while it is much easier to operate and does better work than the common scraper.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a top view of the scraper; Fig. 2, a bottom view of the same 5 Fig. 3, a view of that side of the scraper used for curved surfaces; Fig. 4, a view of the side used for straight surfaces; and Fig. 5, a vertical cross-section of the same.

A is the metal frame, having handles a a cast on it. D and E are knives inserted in slots F F, and having their edges d and e turned forward, like the ordinary scraper, the knife E having a curved lower edge, e, while the edge d of the knife D is straight. The knives D E are held firmly in place by means of the wedges f f driven into holes in the frame, the edges of said knives projecting slightly below the bottom-faces B C of the frame. The slots F F in which the knives are placed are made of a triangular section, to receive the scrapings thrown up by the knives. The base of the frame A is inclined from the middle toward the sides, as shown at B and C, Figs. 2 and 5, the face being also curved longitudinally, to correspond to the shape of the knife E, and adapt it to use on curved surfaces. On applying either knife to a wooden surface, the inclination of the base inclines the knife, so that the angle D d c or E e b formed by the knife with the surface toward whichit is moving will be less than a right angle, the acuteness of the angle depending on the amount of inclination of the base, by which means the scraping or turned-up edges d e of the knives are brought at the proper angle to act on the wood, as will be readily seen.

In using the scraper, the operator draws the tool over the wood with the knife d forward, when he wishes to use the straight cutting-edge, and in the opposite direction when the curved edge e is desired, only one cutting edge being in operation at one time, as will be seen from the form of the cross-section shown in Fig. 5.

I lay no claim to a scraper constructed with a single scraping-knife, as such device has been heretofore shown in Letters Patent granted to F. A., J. H., and D. C. Williams, July 24, 1866, No. 56,651, and I confine my claim to a double scraper, having a straight knife on one side and a curved knife on the other, as herein shown.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The double scraper herein described, consisting of a frame, A, with handles a a, in which are secured two knives, D E, with turned or scraping edges d e, said knives being arranged back to back, and on opposite sides of the frame A, and one of said knives, D, having a straight, and the other knife, E, a curved edge, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

As evidence of the foregoing, witness my hand this 4th day of November, A. D. 1872.

HENRY D. SPICKLER.

Witnesses:
JOB ABBOTT,
JENNIE M. GRANT.

No. 138,591 – Improvement In Planes (J. Ceville Spencer) (1873)

[paiddownloads id=”210″]138591

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

J. CEVILLE SPENCER, OF PHELPS, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF
AND FRANCIS X. GERVIS, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 138,591, dated May 6, 1873; application filed March 1, 1873.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J. CEVILLE SPENCER, of Phelps, in the county of Ontario and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Planes, of which the following is a specification:

Figure 1 is a bottom or face view of my improved plane. Fig. 2 is the same view as Fig. 1 with the adjustable plate removed. Fig. 3 is a detail longitudinal section of the same taken through the line x x, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a detail cross-section of the same taken through the line y y, Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a detail top view of the adjusting-lever.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

My invention has for its object to furnish an improved plane which shall be so constructed that it may be conveniently, quickly, and accurately adjusted to cnt a thicker or thinner shaving, as may be desired. The invention consists in the improvement of planes, as hereinafter described and pointed out in the claims.

A represents an ordinary plane-stock. B are the plane-irons, and C is the wedge by which the said irons are secured in the said stock. D is a plate, which is placed in a recess in the face of the plane-stock A in front of the edge of the plane-irons B, and which is so arranged as to move longitudinally with the plane-stock, but not laterally. The recess in which the plate D is placed is made deeper than the thickness of the said plate, which plate rests upon the heads of four or more screws, E, screwed into the said stock A in the bottom of the said recess, as shown in Figs. 2, 3, and 4, and in dotted lines in Fig. 1.

By this construction when it becomes necessary to dress off the face of the plane-stock A the screws E are turned in a little so that the recess does not have to be deepened every time the face of the plane-stock is dressed off. The plate D is secured in place by a bolt, F, the head of which is countersunk into the plate D, and which passes up through the plane-stock A and has a hand-nut, G, screwed upon its upper end. The hole through the plane-stock A is made larger than the bolt F, and in it is placed a collar, H, through which the bolt F passes, and which is countersunk from each side to adapt it to serve as a fulcrum to the bolt F to enable said bolt to be used as a lever for adjusting the plate D when the nut G has been loosened. I is a plate let into the stock A in the bottom of the recess in said stock, and in which is formed a hole for the passage of the bolt F. In the plate I at one side of the hole through said plate is formed a notch to receive a toe, f’, formed upon the side of the bolt F to serve as a fulcrum, so that the plate D may be moved to adjust it by turning the bolt F. The upper part of the bolt F is flattened to receive the forked end of the lever J, which is placed between the stock A and the-nut G.

By this construction, by loosening the nut G and operating the lever J the plate D may be adjusted as required.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

1. The combination of the bolt F, hand-nut G, and fulcrum-collar H with the plane-stock A, and adjustable plate D, substantially as herein shown and described.

2. The combination of the perforated and notched stationary plate I, toe f’, and forked lever J with the plane-stock A, adjustable plate D, bolt F, and nut G, substantially as herein shown and described.

J. CEVILLE SPENCER.

Witnesses:
LYSANDER REDFIELD,
FRANCIS GERVIS.

No. 138,625 – Improvement In Surfacing-Planes (George E. Franklin) (1873)

[paiddownloads id=”211″]138625

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

GEORGE E. FRANKLIN, OF NATICK, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN SURFACING-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 138,625, dated May 6, 1873; application filed March 8, 1873.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE E. FRANKLIN, of Natick, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Surfacing-Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following, taken in connection with the drawing which accompanies and forms part of this specification, is a description of my invention sufficient to enable those skilled in the art to practice it.

In using dies for punching or cutting shoe soles and uppers, and other stock, it is customary to use blocks of wood with the end of the grain uppermost, the top surface being faced off for smoothness. As such a block becomes too much worn for practical use, it is cut down with an adz to a plane below the lowest depression worn by the dies, and is then surfaced off with a smoothing-plane. This method of surfacing a block is very slow and laborious, and does not result in procuring a uniform face.

My invention has reference to a method of surfacing such a block by means of a plane alone; and for this purpose I make a plane having a straight bottom face and a straight side face, and projecting through said adjacent faces, and adjacent to the angle of such faces, two cutters or cutting-edges, one edge being and cutting horizontally, and the other being vertical and cutting vertically, the cutting-edges being in the same vertical plane, right-angular to the side face of the tool, this side face having a gage to regulate the depth of cut of both cutters or bits. This plane is used by beginning at one side of the block and setting the gage to the depth to be cut, in order to reach the deepest depressions, and resting the gage upon the top of the block, with the vertical cutter against the side of the block. Then, as the plane is worked, the vertical cutter planes off the block, while the horizontal cutter joints or cuts across the grain, and smooths the top surface of the block, the plane being thus used until the block is planed across its whole face. It is in this construction of the surfacing-plane that my invention primarily consists.

The drawing represents a tool embodying the invention.

Figure 1 is a side view of the plane. Fig. 2 is a top view thereof. Fig. 3 is a bottom view. Fig. 4 is a cross-section on the line x x.

a denotes the bottom plate of the plane; b, an upright, extending from one edge of said plate; c, the throat through which the cutters or plane-bits extend and the chips escape. d e denote the two cutters, set at an angle to both plates a b, and at a right angle to each other, the cutter d resting upon a bed-piece, f, and its cutting-edge extending through the throat c, and so as to be in a horizontal plane just beyond the bottom face of the plate a, and the cutter e sitting edgewise on top of the cutter d, and with its inner face against a bed-piece, g, the cutter e also extending through the throat c, but its cutting-edge being vertical and standing just beyond the outer face of the upright b, the two cutting-edges standing, therefore, at a right angle and being in effect one cutting-edge, bent so as to be one part vertical and one part horizontal. The two cutters are held by an angular clamp, h, which is pressed down against the cutters by a screw, i, passing through a bar, k, and the clamp h has a shoulder, l, extending over the edge of the cutter e, so that not only are the two cutters forced against the bed-faces, but the cutter e is pressed against the cutter d, bringing their cutting-edges together and firmly securing them in position.

On the outer face of the upright b is fastened a gage, m, which, by screws n and slots o is made adjustable, and this gage determines the depth of cut of the two cutters.

As the tool is used, as before described, the edge d cuts across the grain, and the edge e with the grain, and by the action of the two cutters together the work is very rapidly effected, and the block uniformly surfaced or resurfaced.

I claim —

1. The surfacing-plane, formed with two cutters, d and e, having their edges in line and standing one in horizontal and the other in vertical position, combined with the gage m, on the vertical face of the plane, substantially as described.

2. In combination with the two cutters, the clamp h, for holding the cutters, substantially as shown and described.

3. The clamp, formed with the shoulder l, for pressing the cutter e down to the cutter d, substantially as shown and described.

GEO. E. FRANKLIN.

Witnesses:
FRANCIS GOULD,
M. W. FROTHINGHAM.

No. 139,710 – Improvement In Match-Planes (James Edwards) (1873)

[paiddownloads id=”212″]139710

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JAMES EDWARDS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT IN MATCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 139,710, dated June 10, 1873; application filed March 15, 1873.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES EDWARDS, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Match-Planes, of which the following is a specification:

The invention consists in the irnprovement of match-planes, as hereinafter described and pointed out in the claim.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a side view, partly in section, of the tonguing-tool. Fig. 2 is a view of the face of the same. Fig. 3 is a side view of the adjustable tonguing iron or cutter. Fig. 4 is an end view of Fig. 1.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

A is the tool tor cutting the tongue, the improvements in which constitute my invention. B is the main stock, which supports the iron and the key. C is the iron, and D the key or wedge. The face of this tool is formed in two parts, E being an adjustable piece which is fitted into a rabbet of the stock, and is made adjustable laterally thereon by means of screws F in the stock, and slots in the piece E. By moving this piece out or in the length of the mouth of the tool is varied so as to correspond with the width of the adjustable iron C. G is the mouth of the tool. H is a guide, made adjustable on the face of the tool by means of screws and slots I I. J is a gage for regulating the depth of the cut. This gage is operated by the screw K, arranged as seen in the drawing. The iron C is made in two parts, put together as seen in Fig. 3, and made adjustable by means of the slots L L and screws N N. By means of this adjustment the space O is made broad or narrow to receive the tongue, which is cut of corresponding size, P P being the cutting-edges.

Any ordinary plow-iron may be used in the grooving-tool, and the tonguing-tool may be adjusted to suit the groove. With the adjustable tool A, and an adjustable grooving-tool, the machine is prepared to tongue and groove boards or lumber of all ordinary thicknesses, whereas, with the ordinary tools and tonguing-irons, a variety of tools would be required, involving much expense and trouble.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

The adjustable guide H, in combination with the piece E and iron C, as and for the purposes described.

JAMES EDWARDS.

Witnesses:
T. B. MOSHER,
ALEX. F. ROBERTS.

No. 141,535 – Improvement In Metallic Planes (John A. Baines) (1873)

[paiddownloads id=”213″]141535

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN A. BAINES, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF HIS RIGHT TO JAMES BARKER, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN METALLIC PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 141,535, dated August 5, 1873; application filed July 2, 1873.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN A. BAINES, of New York, in the county of New York, and in the State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Metallic Planes; and do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings making a part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 is a plan view of the upper side of my plane when arranged as a plow. Fig. 2 is a like view of the lower side of the same. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of said plow. Fig. 4. is a cross-section upon line x x of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of said plane when arranged for use in forming tongues and grooves. Fig. 6 is a cross-section upon line x’ x’ of Fig. 5. Figs. 7 and 8 are like views of said device as arranged for use as a feeder. Figs. 9 and 10 are cross-sections of said plane when arranged for producing rounds and hollows. Fig. 11 is a cross-section, showing the arrangement of parts for forming the rails of a sash. Fig. 12 is a like view, showing the device arranged as a rabbet-plane; and Fig. 13 is a cross~section showing the arrangement of parts when used as a smoothing-plane.

Letters of like name and kind refer to like parts in each of the figures.

The design of my invention is to enable a number of planes employed in the production of irregular work to be combined with one common frame, so as thereby to lessen the expense and reduce the bulk of said articles; to which end said invention consists in the peculiar construction and combination of the frame and the various attachments employed for producing the different forms of plane required, substantially as and for the purpose hereinafter specified.

In the annexed drawings, A represents the main frame of the plane, the lower side of which has a plane surface, and is provided upon one side with a downward-projecting flange, B, and near its opposite side, within said lower surface, with a narrow groove, C. The sides of the frame near its longitudinal line are extended upward in a curve, as shown in Fig. 3, and between such extended portions are provided an inclined opening, D, for the reception of the cutters and fastening-wedges, and in front of the same a second opening, E, for the escape of shavings. A handle, F, of usual form, is secured upon and extends upward and rearward from the frame, and enables the device to be used in the ordinary manner.

The frame thus constructed furnishes the foundation for and upon which the attachments required for producing the various forms of plane are secured, as will be fully described hereinafter.

The combinations will be set forth in the order in which they are illustrated in the drawings, commencing with the plow, which is formed by inserting and securing the necessary tool G within one end of the opening D, and securing upon the lower side ofthe frame A an angle-plate, H, which, as seen in Figs. 2 and 4, extends vertically downward from the face of said frame to a point upon a line with the lower edges of the flange B, and thence horizontally outward beneath said flange, to which it is secured by means of two screws, I, that pass into the same through suitable transverse slots h formed in said angle-plate. The slots h are countersunk, so as to enable the screw-heads i to be entirely within the surface of the angle-plate. By loosening the screws I, the angle-plate H, which operates as a gage, can be adjusted toward or from the tool G, so as to correspondingly vary the distance between the channel cut within a board and the edge of the same. A gage, K, attached to or upon the side of the frame A, opposite to the flange B, and made adjustable vertically, enables the depth of the channel cut by the tool G to be regulated at will. (See Fig. 6.)

For use as a grooving-plane, the angle-plate H is reversed, so as to cause its vertical portion to extend downward below the flange B, and two strips, L and L’, are placed edgewise within the groove C, and secured in place by means of four screws, l, which latter pass horizontally inward through the side of the frame A, through said strips, and into the solid metal at the inner side of said groove. The rear strip L conforms in shape and position to the rear side of the cutting-tool M, and, bearing against the same, furnishes a support for said tool. As in the previous illustration, the angle-plate H furnishes an adjustable gage, by means of which the relative positions of the channel cut and the edge of the board being operated upon are determined.

For use as a tonguing-plane, the strips L are removed, and the block N provided with a rib or tongue, n, upon its upper side, (shown by dotted lines in Fig. 6,) is secured upon the lower side of the frame A’ in place of said strips. A groove, n’, corresponding in size and depth to the tongue to be formed upon the edge of a board, is formed within the lower side of the block N, and a suitable tonguing-tool, N’, employed in place of the grooving-tool M. The angle-plate H serves as an adjustable gage, as in the previous case.

For use as a beading-plane, the angle-plate lI and strips L are removed, and a block, O, provided upon its upper side with a tongue, o, that corresponds in size and shape to the groove C secured in place of said strips. Within the lower side of the block O is provided a. half-round groove, O’, which corresponds in size and shape to the bead to be formed, while within its outer corner is formed a right-angled rabbet, o’, Fig. 8. The cutting-tool P corresponds in size and shape to the lower face of the block O, between the inner side of the rabbet o’ and the inner side of the groove O’, and passes downward through an inclined opening formed in and through said block.

For use as a round plane, a block, Q, similar in general shape to the block O, but having within its lower face only a half-round groove, q, is secured in a like manner within the lower side of the frame A, and with it is employed a cutting-tool, R, which corresponds in size and shape to said groove, and passes to or into the same through an inclined opening in said block.

For the hollow plane, a block, S, similar to that just described, but provided upon its lower face with a half-round bead, s, is secured in or to the frame A, and a corresponding tool, T, employed in the manner shown.

When used as a sash-plane, the tool is arranged as in case of the plow, except that the angle-plate H is moved outward, so as to permit the beading-tool U to be inserted at a suitable distance from the right-angle tool V. When it is designed to form the meeting-rails of a sash, a narrow tool, V’, shown by dotted lines, Fig. 11, is inserted in place of the tool V, and the channel for the reception of the edge of the glass out by the same.

For use as a rabbet-plane, the arrangement of parts is precisely the same as in the preceding case, except that the beading-tool U is removed and the widest of the right-angle tools employed.

When used as a smoothing-plane, the angle-plate H is extended entirely across the lower face of the frame A, and the space in said plate (shown in Fig. 2) is inclosed by means of a corresponding plate, W, Fig. 13, through which is provided a transverse inclined slot for the passage of the plane-iron X. If desired, the space between the lower face of the frame A and the inner side of the angle-plate H can be closed immediately in front of the plane-iron by means of a detachable plate, so as to cause the shavings to pass upward through the opening in said frame, instead of passing forward between said frame and angle-plate.

The device thus constructed combines in a simple and compact form a number of tools which have heretofore been separate, and can be furnished at a cost not much exceeding that of two of such tools.

Having thus fully set forth the nature and and merits of my invention, what I claim as new is —

The hereinbefore-described plane, when constructed in the manner and for the purpose substantially as specified.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this 26th day of June, 1873.

JOHN A. BAINES.

Witnesses;
GEO. S. PRINDLE,
EDM. F. BROWN.

No. 141,828 – Improvement In Crozing And Chamfering Planes (Allen M. Strattan) (1873)

[paiddownloads id=”214″]141828

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ALLEN M. STRATTAN, OF LADOGA, INDIANA.

IMPROVEMENT IN CROZING AND CHAMFERING PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 141,828, dated August 12, 1873; application filed March 22, 1873.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALLEN M. STRATTAN, of Ladoga, in the county of Montgomery, Indiana, have invented an Improvement in Crozing and Chamfering Planes, of which the following is a specification:

This is an improved tool for coopers’ use, and combines the functions of a croze and a charnfering-plane.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a tool embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the same reversed. Fig. 3 is a section of my tool taken parallel with the fence-board. Fig. 4 shows my croze-bit detached.

A is a stock and B its fence-board, similar in general conformation to those of a customary chamfering-plane, C being the chamfering-bit and D the wedge. A peculiarly-shaped excavation, E F, in the stock serves as the combined throats of both the chamfering-bit C and a “crow” or crozing-bit, G, whose form is clearly shown in Fig. 4. This crozing-bit is secured by a set-screw, H, tapped into the under side of the stock, and which serves to nip the said bit by its shank I. Embedded into the convex-working face of the stock in advance of, and in line with, the croze-bit G, is a guide bar or tongue, J.

My tool is used in the common way of crozing plows,the fence-board resting upon the edge of the chine and the croze-bit, and chamfer-bit operating simultaneously to both croze and chamfer the chine.

Before using this plane the top of the vessel is leveled by the common block-plane. Then I proceed by placing the chamfering-plane on the top of the vessel, and rotating the plane forward and backward until the croze is cut to a sufficient depth. The chine is finished at the same operation.

I claim as new and of my invention —

The combination of the stock A E F, fence-board B, and bits C and G, when constructed and arranged as herein described to perform the chamfering and crozing operations simultaneously, as explained.

ALLEN M. STRATTAN.

Witnesses:
ISAAC WILLIAM ELLIS,
NATHAN STRATTAN.

No. 142,216 – Improvement In Planes For Cutting Cigar-Lighters (William H. Drips) (1873)

[paiddownloads id=”215″]142216

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLIAM H. DRIPS, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

IMPROVEMENT IN PLANES FOR CUTTING CIGAR-LIGHTERS.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 142,216, dated December 18, 1873; application filed June 24,1873.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM H. DRIPS, of Cincinnati, Hamilton county, State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Plane for Cutting Cigar-Lighters, of which the following is a specification:

My invention consists of a small frame, to be placed temporarily upon a table or on the counter of a saloon, cigar-shop, hotel, or other similar place where cigars are sold, the frame containing a fixed plane blade and gage, by means of which the attendant can, with but little labor, make a sufficient number of curled shavings, adapted for cigar-lighters, to form a sufficient stock for the day.

Figure 1 is a general view of my improved tool, showing the method of using my invention. Fig. 2 is a perspective vievv of the tool. Fig. 3 is a plan of the cutter-blade. Fig. 4 is a vertical section of a portion of the frame and cutter-blade.

A is a frame, formed of two strips, A’ A”, of wood, attached at right angles to each other, as shown. The horizontal strip, which rests upon the table or counter, has at one end a lip or flange, a, to engage the edge of the table and prevent it from slipping, said lip being preferably formed in one piece with the strip A’. A cutter-blade, B, of steel, is let obliquely into the plate A’, and secured permanently thereto at each end by screws. Below it is a circular recess, C, which receives the coiled shavings, and allows it to pass out upon the counter. The cutter B is not only let in obliquely in the direction of its length, but is also obliquely located in the direction of its width, so as to cause the shavings to curl anglevvise by its obliquity lengthwise, and cause the knife to present a cutting-edge by its obliquity crosswise. A gage or shield, D, is attached to strip A’ by screws d, the gage being slotted, as shown, to permit adjustment to suit different thicknesses of stud to be cut. This shield prevents the operator’s fingers from touching the knife in the act of pushing the stuff along, in the manner shown, to cut the lighters. The instrument may, however, be made and used without the adjustable gage.

I claim —

As a new article of manufacture, the tool for cutting cigar-lighters, substantially as described.

In testimony of which I hereunto set my hand.

WILLIAM H. DRIPS.

Witnesses:
FRANK MILLWARD,
J. L. WARTMANN.

No. 143,072 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Cyrus H. Hardy) (1873)

[paiddownloads id=”216″]143072

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CYRUS H. HARDY, OF BOSTON, MASS., ASSIGNOR TO JOHN SULLY, TRUSTEE.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 143,072, dated September 23, 1873; application filed May 28, 1873.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CYRUS H. HARDY, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification:

Figure 1 of the accompanying drawing is a central vertical longitudinal section. Fig. 2 is a top view of the shield, and Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section through a portion of the shield and wedge of my improved plane.

The present invention relates to certain new and useful improvements, applicable, mainly, to metallic bench-planes, and having for their principal objects the providing of a rest and shield for the hand of the operator, to serve as a handle, and to prevent the friction of the hand against the sides or frame of the plane, as well as to allow the blade to be readily inserted in or withdrawn from the plane. My invention consists, mainly, in a plane arranged as will be hereinafter more fully described, with a curved shield or guard formed with forward wedge-like projections, or beveled prongs, inserted between an adjustable wedge or block and the top of the blade, so as to securely hold or be readily withdrawn from the latter and form a protection and rest for the hand.

In the drawings, a represents the bottom of a plane, formed of metal or any other suitable material. Projecting upward on each side of the bottom a are curved sides b, connected near the center at the top by a cross-bar, c. The bottom a is formed with a transverse mouth or slot, d, that receives the front “top-beveled” edge of a blade, e, the bottom of which rests on a transverse vertical standard, f, connecting the sides b, and extending up from the bottom a at a sufficient distance from the rear end of the frame to give a proper angle to the blade e. Extending upward, in front of the mouth d, and across the plane, is a finger-rest, l. Inserted between the cross-bar c and the blade e is a block, g, the forward portion g’ of which is beveled on the top to form a wedge, and whose edges g” are beveled inwardly to receive the forward-projecting beveled ends or prongs Ih’ of a curved shield or guard, h. The projecting ends or prongs h’ are beveled on the inside, and extend forward in a longitudinal tapering shape on the top, with a flat bottom, extending in a semicircular form at the back, where the shield or guard It extends upward, curving horizontally a short distance on the sides, and vertically in a segmental elliptical shape, as shown, or in any other form that may be desired, to form a rest for and a protection to the hand.

The wedge and tapering shape of the prongs h’ allow of their ready insertion between or withdrawal from the wedge-block g and the blade e, so as to securely hold the latter, or to permit of its being easily withdrawn or adjusted to the desired position, the blade e being loosened from its position by striking against a block or lug, m, at the rear of the plane.

Having thus fully described my improvements, what I claim as my invention, and desire to have secured to me by Letters Patent, is —

1. In a bench-plane, a curved shield or guard, lt, having beveled projections or prongs h’, arranged and operating substantially as specified.

2. In a bench-plane, the combination of a curved shield or guard, h, wedge-block g, and blade e, all arranged and operating substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CYRUS H. HARDY.

Witnesses:
CARROLL D. WRIGHT,
SAML. M. BARTON.

No. 143,101 – Improvement In Rabbet-Planes (Francis Smith) (1873)

[paiddownloads id=”217″]143101

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

FRANCIS SMITH, OF BOSTON, ASSIGNOR TO JOHN SULLY,
TRUSTEE, OF DEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN RABBET-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 143,101, dated September 23, 1873; application filed May 28, 1873.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANCIS SMITH, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain Improvements in Rabbet-Planes, of which the following is a specification:

Figure 1 of the accompanying drawing is a horizontal section taken in line C D, and showing a top view of my improved plane. Fig. 2 is a side view of my improved plane; and Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section taken in line A B, and showing an end view of a portion of the plane.

The present invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in metallic rabbet-planes, and has for its principal objects the production of a durable and economical plane that is easily worked, and true and effective in its operation; that may be used either right or left without varying the blade, as it is necessary to do in wooden rabbet-planes when slightly worn; and in which a blade block or wedge is conveniently and readily adjusted without disturbing the position of the blade. My improvements consist, mainly, in a metallic rabbet-plane arranged, as will be more fully described hereafter, so as to admit of the insertion of a wedge or block and blade in the side of the frame or bar of a plane, and to secure the even, smooth, and close cutting of the rabbet.

In the drawing, a represents a metallic plate forming the bottom of a plane, divided by a transverse mouth, b, into two portions, which are connected by a curved bar or “goose-neck,” c, on the rear portion of which, projecting horizontally from one side, are formed flanges d and e, one above and inclined toward the other at the front, thus leaving a wedge-like space between them, in which is inserted a blade, f, the upper portion of which is narrower than the wide bottom portion f’, being cut away for some distance on one side of the upper part, so as to admit of its side entrance. The blade f is formed with a top or reversed bevel edge, k, and finds a seat on the top of the lower flange e, which is inclined at the proper angle to receive the blade, which is held by a wedge or block, g, that is inserted sidewise between it and the upper flange d. The plane is provided at the rear with a suitable handle, h, connected with its bottom a.

Reference being had to the drawing, it will readily be seen that, by the arrangement above described, the blade f and block g are adjusted between the flanges d e from the side of the plane much more conveniently and readily than when, as usual, they are inserted in the top of the plane and driven down; for in the latter case, after the blade is properly set, it is very often liable to be displaced by the driving in of the wedge, and considerable trouble caused and time wasted in readjusting it.

In wooden rabbet-planes, the bottom edge of the frame running against the angle of the rabbet soon becomes worn and uneven, and prevents the true and smooth cutting of the rabbet; but by my improvement the edge, being of iron or other suitable metal, is not liable to be worn so as to interfere with the effective operation of the plane. Moreover, in a wooden rabbet-plane, a spur is necessarily made on its side, in front of the blade, so as to cut out the corner of the rabbet and clear the way for the passage of the blade, so as to cut a clean shaving; but by the formation of the top or reversed bevel edge k in a rabbet-plane, the side edge of the bevel answers the above purpose equally as well if not better than the spur, the use of which is, by my improvement, therefore obviated.

Having thus fully described my improvements, what I claim as my invention, and desire to have secured to me by Letters Patent, is —

The combination of the bar or goose-neck c, formed with flanges d e, and block or wedge g, blade f, and plate a, all arranged substantially as herein set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FRANCIS SMITH.

Witnesses:
CARROLL D. WRIGHT,
SAML. M. BARTON.

No. 143,737 – Improvement In Splint-Planes (Henry L. Weagant) (1873)

[paiddownloads id=”218″]143737

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

HENRY L. WEAGANT, OF MORRISBURG, CANADA, ASSIGNOR OF TWO-THIRDS OF HIS RIGHT TO STEPHEN B. FELL AND ROBERT LYLE, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN SPLINT-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 143,737, dated October 14, 1873; application filed August 29, 1873.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY LUDWICK WEAGANT, of Morrisburg, in the county of Dundas and Province of Ontario, Canada, have invented new and useful Improvements in Splint-Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

By my invention a plane or slat-cutter is provided which will produce at each cut a slat, perfectly formed, beveled, properly straightened out, and then receiving the proper bend to facilitate its being woven, reference being had to the annexed drawings, where similar letters of reference indicate like parts, and where —

Figure 1 represents a side view, Fig. 2 a bottom view, and Fig. 3 an end view, of my slat-cutter. Fig. 4. represents a section of my slat-cutter on line A A.

A is the body of the plane or slat-cutter, in which is formed, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 4, a recess, A’. In this recess is placed the plane-iron B for cutting the slats, slotted in the ordinary manner, and further secured by a cap or stiffening piece, C. D D’ are the beveling-knives, slotted and secured, one to the side and the other to the bottom of the plane, and arranged so as to cut the beveled edges of the slats. E is a groove formed in the side of the plane, through which the slat just cut passes. F is what is termed the “governor,” placed in the throat E’ of the groove E, and secured preferably by means of a plate or washer and screw, its purpose being to straighten the slats as they pass irom the plane-iron B, the spring G materially assisting in doing this. H is a recess formed in the throat, and serving to give the slat when straightened the proper bend to enable it to be woven. I I are guides to keep the plane in its proper course, and K K’ handles for working the plane or cutter, L being another handle, which may be hinged to the stock, if required.

The operation of my invention is so simple as hardly to require any explanation, it being worked in the same way as an ordinary plane, and being applied to the edge of a board, the thickness of which is the required width of the slat.

The slat, being divided from the board by the iron B, has at the same time its edges beveled by the cutters or knives D D’. It then passes up over the governor F, and between it and the spring G, being thereby straightened, and, the end being caught in the recess H, is thereby slightly bent again, as required.

What I claim is as follows:

The combination of the plane-iron B and beveling-knives D D’ with the governor F, spring G, and recess H, as and for the purposes set forth.

HENRY L. WEAGANT.

Witnesses:
ROBERT LYLE,
ROBERT S. WEAGANT.

No. 144,381 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (William H. Brown And David F. Williams) (1873)

[paiddownloads id=”219″]144381

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLIAM H. BROWN, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, AND DAVID F.
WILLIAMS, OF WOONSOCKET, ASSIGNORS TO BAILEY TOOL COMPANY, OF WOONSOCKET, RHODE ISLAND.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 144,381, dated November 11, 1873; application filed April 12, 1873.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, WM. H. BROWN, of Worcester, in the county of Worcester and State of Massachusetts, and DAVID F. WILLIAMS, of Woonsocket, in the county of Providence and in the State of Rhode Island, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Bench-Planes; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the annexed drawings making a part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 represents our improved bench-plane in perspective, and Fig. 2 a vertical longitudinal section of the same.

Our invention consists in certain hereinafter-described means provided for the purpose of facilitating the adjustment of the cap, and for regulating the pressure upon the cutting-tool.

The general construction of our bench-plane is like that described in Letters Patent No. 105,767, granted Joseph R. Bailey, July 26, 1870, an eccentric or curved bar, A, being used in conjunction with a presser-plate, B, to secure the plane-iron D and intervening cap C in the stock E. The presser-plate in this case is elongated and provided with a head, D, and a set-screw, d, the former of which acts in conjunction with other parts presently to be described, while, by means of the lathe, the pressure of said plate against the cam-rod may be adjusted so as to permit of the use of a thick or thin cap or cutting-iron, as desired. It also has lugs e, which project into grooves f cut in each side of the flanges of the stock, at right angles to the cutting-tool, whereby the slipping or sliding of the plate forward or backward is prevented, while at the same time it is allowed to rise and fall under the action of the set-screw d. The accurate adjustment of the cap with reference to the cutting edge of the chisel and the throat of the stock is obtained by means of a set-screw, F, which is carried in a screw-threaded eye in ear c of the cap, and bears with its point against the head b of the presser-plate. The foot of set-screw F being pointed, as shown, a V-shaped groove is formed in the end of head b, to receive such point, and allow the presser-plate to rise and fall and keep it in its exact position.

In the adjustment of the parts, the cap should be properly arranged by adjusting the set-screw F before the eccentric bar is turned down to force the presser-plate against the cap.

We claim as our invention —

1. In a bench-plane of the character described, an adjusting-screw, F, working in an ear, c, formed on or attached to the cap, combined with the presser-plate B, provided with the grooved head b, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The eccentric A, presser-plate B with lugs e e, grooves f f, and set-screw d, in combination with the cap or plane-iron.

3. The presser-plate B, with lugs e e, in combination with cap C c, set-screw F, and grooves f f substantially as described.

In testimony that we claim the above-described improvement we have hereunto signed our names this 5th day of April, 1873.

WM. H. BROWN.
DAVID F. WILLIAMS.

Witnesses:
F. T. BLACKMER,
W. W. RICE.