No. 1,059,137 – Plane (John P. Gage) (1913)

[paiddownloads id=”691″]1059137

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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JOHN P. GAGE, OF VINELAND, NEW JERSEY.

PLANE.

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1,059,137. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Apr. 15, 1913.
Application filed July 25, 1912. Serial No. 711,586.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN P. GAGE, a citizen of the United States, resident of Vineland, in the county of Cumberland and State of New Jersey, have made a certain new and useful Invention in Planes; and I declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

Figure 1 is a central vertical longitudinal section of the invention. Fig. 2 is a detail plan view of the plane stock. Fig. 3 is a detail plan view of the cutting plate and the guide clamp. Fig. 4 is a detail plan view of the cap iron.

The invention is designed to simplify and improve the carpenters’ plane, and particularly the block plane, in such wise as to provide advantages relating to its durability and useful facilities; and it consists in the novel construction and combinations of parts, as hereinafter set forth.

In the annexed drawings the numeral 2 indicates a plane stock; 3 a cap iron; 4 a cutting plate or bit, and 5 a guide clamp which is secured to the bit.

The plane stock is provided with integral inclined bearings 6 on the upper or inner surface of its bottom, in rear of the transverse slot 7 through which the cutting bit is designed to protrude, these bearings coinciding in their inclination with the beveled bearing 8 of the bottom, which extends to the acute rear margin of the slot. The front margin of this slot is formed by a transverse rib 9 which connects the side walls 12, 12, which are substantially parallel and form guides for the movement of the cap iron and bit. Connecting these walls, in the throat of the stock, above and in rear of the slot, is a cross bar or bearing 14, which is perforated and threaded for the passage of a strong set screw 15, the axial direction of which is designed to be substantially in line with that portion of the bottom which is adjacent to the acute edge of the transverse slot. The cutting plate or bit 4 is designed to rest on the bearings 6 and 8, and as the setting and securing devices are located above it, this cutting plate can be disposed at a very low angle, suitable for a plane of the character indicated.

The cutting plate or bit is provided with the usual series of adjustment slots, and on the upper surface of this plate is adjusted and secured the holding or guiding clamp 5, which consists of a longitudinal base portion 16 and an upward projection or lug 17 which is provided with a bearing recess 18, open at its upper end and provided with an open-top slot bearing in rear to receive the neck of an adjusting screw 19. The base of the holding clamp is provided with a threaded aperture for a clamp screw, extending through a slot of the cutter plate. The base of this clamp 5 has parallel sides, and it is designed to engage and slide in a parallel-side recess 20 in the bottom of the cap iron 3. The bottom of the cap iron is plane to lit neatly the top of the bit, at the sides of the clamp lug. The top of the cap iron is made with a beveled front wall 21, a sloping angular bearing 22 in rear of the top of this front wall and lateral bearings or lugs 13 in line with each other and designed to engage the transverse bar 14 of the plane stock when the cap iron is forced into position. The cap iron is provided with a middle opening or slot 23 for the reception of the clamp lug, and in rear of this opening is provided a transverse bearing 24 in which is made a threaded opening for engagement with the adjusting screw 19. The shouldered end of this adjusting screw engages neatly the bearing recess 18 of the clamp lug 5, so that the adjustment of this screw moves the clamp and cutter plate backward or forward with reference to the cap iron, which therefore forms the principal or purchase element for this adjustment.

In a plane of this character the cap iron is designed to be provided with a bowed handle portion or push bearing 25 of sufficient height and span to protect the adjusting screw and allow removal of the cutter and clamp.

The front of the cap iron is of proper height to pass easily under the transverse bar or bearing 14 of the stock. And when the cutting plate, properly and securely fastened to its guide clamp, is provided with its cap iron in engagement with the adjusting screw, a combination of parts is formed which is designed to be placed on the bottom inclines of the stock and, if the set screw 15 is raised, will easily slide forward to position. In normal position the bearings 13 of the cap iron abut against the bar 14 of the stock, and the sloping bearing 22 lies under this bar. The screw 15 being now set down firmly against this sloping bearing, operates to drive the cap iron forcibly home against the transverse bar or bearing 14, and to clamp the cap iron firmly in place on the cutter plate. Adjustment of the bit is easily effected by means of the adjusting screw of the cap iron.

This plane is designed to be in a manner self-setting as its cap iron and plane iron fit together accurately beforehand, and when simply laid in place will slide forward to true position. When the cutting plate is properly secured to its guide clamp, no adjustment of the holding or setting parts is required, except in regard to the operation of the set screw and the adjusting screw. The simple devices of this plane can be taken apart and put together exactly as they were in a few seconds.

The setting and holding devices of the plane are placed above the cutting plate, in such wise that the latter may be arranged at as low an angle as may be required. The cap and plane iron are forced to accurate position and held therein by a single set screw, and without other care and attention than is required to turn the screw forcibly home.

In taking out the bit and cap iron no movement of the adjusting screw is required. The set screw being loosened up sufficiently, the cap iron, guide clamp and cutting plate will slide back and, without moving the adjusting screw, the cap-iron can be lifted from the cutter plate. Upon replacing the parts without adjustment of the screw of the cap iron, the bit takes its former position with relation to the cap iron accurately, so that when placed in the stock the cap iron will take normal position therein and there will be no change in its shaving adjustment. It is designed to provide in this plane practical operating parts which will when once adjusted always go together in accurate and true position with relation to each other to secure the same thickness of shaving without further operation of means of adjustment.

Having described the invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a plane, a stock having a threaded bearing, a cutter plate, a slotted cap iron on said plate having a threaded bearing, a guide clamp for said plate having an upward projecting bearing lug engaging the slot of the cap iron, an adjusting screw in the threaded bearing of the cap iron engaging said bearing lug, and a set screw in the threaded bearing of the stock engaging the cap iron.

2. In a plane, a stock having bottom inclines extending to its cutter slot, a cutter plate, a slotted cap iron provided with an adjusting screw, a guide clamp secured to the upper face of said plate and engaging the slot of the cap iron and having a bearing engaging said adjusting screw, and a set screw for the cap iron engaging a bearing of the stock.

3. In a plane, the combination with a stock having lateral parallel guide walls, bottom inclines and a threaded bearing over said bottom inclincs and a cutting plate engaging said inclines, of a cap iron engaging said guide walls and said cutting plate, a guide clamp for the cutting plate and engaging the cap iron, a set screw engaging the threaded bearing of the stock, and means in connection with said cap iron for adjusting said guide clamp and its plate to said cap iron.

4. In a plane, a stock having bearing and a threaded bearing in its throat, a cap iron having a front sloping bearing and lateral lugs to engage said transverse bearing, a cutter plate, means for adjustably connecting the cutter plate and cap iron and a set screw engaging the threaded bearing of the stock and the sloping bearing of the cap iron.

5. In a plane, a stock having bottom inclines and a threaded transverse bar over the same, a cap iron having a sloping front bearing and lugs to engage said bar, a guiding clamp for the cutter plate having sliding engagement with said cap iron, and means in connection with the latter for adjusting the guiding clamp and its cutter plate.

6. In a plane, the combination with a plane stock having bottom inclines, a threaded bearing over the same and a set screw therein, of a cutter plate on said inclines, a guiding clamp secured to the top of the cutter plate, a cap iron engaging the top of the cutter plate, and an adjusting screw engaging the cutter plate, and an adjusting screw engaging the guide clamp and the cap iron.

7. In a plane, the combination with a plane stock having bottom inclines and a set screw engaging a bearing of said stock above said inclines, of a cutter plate on said inclines, a guiding clamp secured to said cutter plate, an adjusting screw engaging said guiding clamp, and a normally stationary cap iron engaging the stock, the cutter plate, the guiding clamp, the set screw and the adjusting screw.

8. In a plane, a stock having bottom inclines, a set screw engaging a bearing of said stock above said inclines, a cutter plate on said inclines, a guiding clamp secured to the top of said plate, a normally stationary cap iron clamped on top of said plate by the set screw, and an adjusting screw connecting the cap iron and the guiding clamp.

9. A plane having a parallel-wall stock, low bottom inclines, and a bearing of said stock substantially over the cutter slot, a cutter plate on said inclines, a guiding clamp secured to the top of the cutter plate, a normally stationary cap iron on top of said cutter plate, an adjusting screw connecting the cap iron and the guiding clamp, and a set screw in a bearing of said stock engaging said cap iron.

10. In a plane, a parallel-wall stock having a transverse bearing, a cutter plate, a cap iron normally abutting against said bearing, a guiding clamp on top of said cutter plate, an adjusting screw, a set screw, and means in connection with said cap iron and set screw for forcing the cap iron to normal position against said bearing.

11. In a plane, a parallel-wall stock having a threaded transverse bearing in its throat, a cutter plate, a guiding clamp secured to its top, a cap iron engaging said clamp and abutting against the transverse bearing and having a push handle, an adjusting screw connecting said cap iron and guiding clamp, and a set screw engaging said transverse bearing and the cap iron.

12. In a plane, the combination with a parallel-wall stock, a transverse threaded bearing bar in its throat and a set screw in said bar, of a cutter plate, an adjustable clamping guide secured thereon, and a cap iron having normal position abutting said bar and engaged by said set screw.

13. In a plane, the combination with a stock and a threaded transverse bar in its throat, of a cutter plate, a guiding clamp above the cutter plate, a cap iron, means of adjustment connecting the guiding clamp and its cutter plate to the cap iron, and a set screw engaging said threaded transverse bar.

14. A cap iron of a plane having a central guide slot to engage a projection of a clamp for the bit, a threaded bearing in rear of said slot for an adjusting screw to engage said clamp, lateral lugs controlling its normal position in the stock, and a sloping angular bearing adapted to operate under the pressure of a set screw of the stock to force the cap iron to normal position.

15. A plane having in its throat a transverse bearing bar, a cutter plate, movable guiding means for clamping said cutter plate, movable means for adjusting and holding the clamping means, and means in connection withsaid transverse bearing bar for forcing the adjusting and holding means to normal fixed position against said transverse bar.

16. The combination with a parallel-wall stock having a transverse bar and bottom inclines, of a sliding cutter plate, a guide clamp carried thereby, a cap iron engaging said guide clamp, means of adjustment connecting the guide clamp and cap iron, and means for securing the cap iron in its lowest position against the transverse bar.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN P. GAGE.

Witnesses:
SADIE HOFFMAN,
H. D. STANNARD.

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Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
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No. 1,057,582 – Jointer-Gage Attachment For Planes (Albert F. Schade) (1913)

[paiddownloads id=”690″]1057582

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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ALBERT F. SCHADE, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE &
LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

JOINTER-GAGE ATTACHMENT FOR PLANES.

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1,057,582. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Apr. 1, 1913.
Application filed January 14, 1913. Serial No. 741,896.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT F. SCHADE, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, Hartford county, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful lmprovements in Jointer~Gage Attachments for Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to planes, and particularly to an improved form of jointer gage attachment therefor, providing means for securely clamping the attachment to the plane body, which means will permit the use of the attachment in connection with various standard makes and sizes of plane bodies irrespective of thickness of the side walls of said bodies or the angle of junction of said side walls with the base of the plane body. Furthermore the clamping means are such that they may be readily moved to either clamping or unclamping position and, when once moved to clamping position, are firmly held in such position. These and other advantages will be more clearly seen from the taken in detailed specification following, connection with the accompanying drawings forming part thereof and showing a preferable embodiment of the invention.

In these drawings, Figure 1 is a view in side elevation of a jack plane having my improved form of jointer gage attached thereto. Fig. 2 is a rear end view of the parts shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary view in elevation, of the plane body with the gage attached, on an enlarged scale. Fig. 4 is a fragmentary longitudinal section through the plane body looking outward toward the gage attached thereto. Fig. 5 is a vertical section on an enlarged scale taken on the line 5–5 of Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a detailed view in elevation of one of the clamping plates.

Referring to the drawings by numerals, 1 indicates the base and 2 the side walls of a metal plane body of standard channel section type, the side walls 2 being beveled upwardly toward the center from their ends, as is usual in this type of plane. The device of the present invention is adapted for application to a plane body of this type and provides a gage whereby the angle of out may be varied to suit different requirements, such as in joining two parts at an angle. It consists in the present instance of a base member or bar 3 adapted to extend longitudinally of the outer edge of the plane body beneath its lower edge, this bar being provided with inwardly extending flanges 11 adapted to seat against the under face of the base 1 of the plane body. This bar is provided with a plurality of upwardly extending standards 5, these standards being preferably located at or adjacent the ends of the bar and each being provided with a lateral and preferably integral offset 6 having its lower edge positioned above the maximum point to which the forward and rear ends of the side walls of a plane of standard make extend. These offsets are provided with vertically extending threaded bores therein through which are inserted clamping screws 7, the lower ends of which are adapted to be brought into contact with the upper edge of the side wall of the plane body, drawing the flanges 4 of the base bar firmly against the under face of the base 1 of the plane body. The standards 5 of the base member are provided with clamping plates 8 having end flanges 9, these clamping plates being provided with threaded bores therein. A clamping screw 10 extends through an alined bore formed in each standard 5 and engages the threaded bore of its clamping plate 8, this screw preferably having its outer end winged, as at 11, to provide means for manual operation. The clamping screws 10 are of such length that the clamping plates 8 carried thereby will extend inwardly of the plane body beyond the inner face of a side wall 2 of maximum thickness so that by manipulating the clamping screws 10, these plates may be moved outwardly to bring their lower flanges into clamping engagement with the inner face of the side walls 2 of the plane body, their upper flanges resting against the inner face of a standard 5, and the inner faces of the standards engaging the outer face of the side wall. lt will be evident that the base member 3 may be attached to a plane body and held against either lateral or longitudinal movement relatively thereto by means of its plurality of clamping plates 8 which engage the inner face of a side wall of the plane body, and by means of its plurality of clamping screws 7 which engage the upper edge of said side wall. In this connection, it will be noted that once these clamping screws 7 have been moved to bring the flanged portions 4 of the bar against the under face of the base 1 of the plane body, they firmly hold the base member against movement longitudinally of the body by reason of the upwardly extending beveled edges of the side wall 2 with which they are engaged. I find that in practice it is necessary to provide at least two lateral operating clamping members in order to hold the device securely to the plane body and prevent loosening thereof. Furthermore, the provision of the clamping screws adjacent each end of the base member and of the plane body prevent endwise movement of the base member relative to the body by reason of the incline of the side walls of said body.

Extending laterally and outwardly from the base member 3 and preferably integral therewith is an arm 12 having its outer end apertured to receive a bolt 13, upon the outer end of which is mounted a wing nut 14. The base member or bar 3, adjacent its ends, is provided with bifurcations 15 forming bearings between which an angle plate 16 is hinged by means of knuckles 17. A link 18 is provided, pivotally connected at 19 to the angle plate 16 adjacent its lower edge, and having a curved slot 20 formed therein, this slot being formed on an arc with the hinge point of the knuckle 17 as the center. The bolt 13 extends through this curved slot as well as through the aperture in the arm 12, the link 18 being positioned against the face of the arm 12 and the wing nut 14 being mounted over the end of the bolt 18 so that it can be screwed up to engage the face of the link 18 and clamp the same firmly against the arm 12. By this means the angle of the plate 16 relative to the base 1 of the plane body may be varied at will, and the angle of the planing action thereby varied to suit varying conditions. In order to assist the operator in holding the forward end of the plane against the work when my improved attachment is secured to the plane body, I provide a handle member 21 extending outwardly from the forward standard 5 of the attachment so that by grasping the handle proper of the plane body and this auxiliary handle 21, the angle plate 16 may be held firmly against the work.

While I have herein described a preferable embodiment of my invention, it should be understood that the same may be modified within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim, therefore, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a device of the character described, in combination with a plane body of channel section, a base member adapted to engage the base and adjacent side wall of said plane body, a plurality of spaced clamping plates connected with said base member and adapted to be moved laterally into clamping engagement with the inner face of said side wall, a clamping member carried by said base member and adapted to be moved vertically into clamping engagement with the top edge of said side wall, an angle plate pivotally carried by said base member adjacent its lower edge, and means for adjusting said angle plate relative to its base member.

2. In a device of the character described, in combination with a plane body of channel section, a base bar provided with a plurality of spaced upwardly extending standards adapted to engage the side wall of said plane body and with a flange adapted to engage the base of said plane body, clamping plates connected to said standards and adapted to be moved laterally into clamping engagement with the inner face of said side wall, a plurality of spaced clamping members carried by said base bar adapted to be moved vertically into clamping engagement with the top edge of said side wall, an angle plate hinged at its edge to said base bar adjacent its lower edge, and means for adjusting the angle of said plate relative to said base bar and plane body.

3. In a device of the character described, in combination with a plane body of channel section having the top edges of a side wall inclining upwardly from the ends toward the center, a base member adapted to engage said side wall and the base of said plane body and extending longitudinally thereof, clamping means connected to said member adapted to be moved laterally into clamping engagement with the inner face of said side wall, a clamping screw carried by said base member adjacent the opposite ends thereof and adapted to be moved vertically into clamping engagement with the upwardly inclining top edges of said side wall, an angle plate pivotally connected adjacent its upper edge to said base member adjacent its lower edge, and means for adjusting the angle of said plate relative to said base bar and plane body.

4. In a device of the character described, in combination with a plane body of channel section, a base bar extending longitudinally of the plane body and provided with spaced upwardly extending standards adjacent each end thereof adapted to engage the side wall of said plane body and with a flange adapted to engage the base of said plane body, a clamping plate connected to each of said standards and adapted to be moved laterally into clamping engagement with the inner face of said side wall, offsets from said standards, clamping screws threaded through said offsets and adapted to be moved vertically into clamping engagement with the top edge of said side wall, an arm extending outwardly from said base bar, an angle plate pivoted adjacent its upper edge to said base bar adjacent its lower edge, and connections between said plate and arm whereby the angle of said plate relative to said base bar and plane body may be adjusted.

ALBERT F. SCHADE.

Witnesses:
JOHN DIXON,
ANNA McKEON.

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Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
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No. 1,053,356 – Plane (James M. Burdick And Hubert P. Richards) (1913)

[paiddownloads id=”689″]1053356

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JAMES M. BURDICK AND HUBERT P. RICHARDS, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNORS TO THE
STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

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1,053,356. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Feb. 18, 1913.
Application filed July 11, 1912. Serial No. 708,763.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JAMES M. BURDICK and HUBERT P. RICHARDS, citizens of the United States, residing at New Britain, county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to an improvement in the construction of planes, and is more particularly concerned with the construction of a detachable cap piece for the cutter or “plane iron”. In such cap pieces, it has hitherto been the practice to provide a detachable cap piece provided with means for engaging with the cutter and clamping it in position upon its seat upon the plane body.

The present invention contemplates forming such a cap piece as a base portion adapted to be seated on the plane body and to engage and fulcrum on an abutment carried thereby, and a palm rest connected with and movable relatively to said base portion, the latter being provided with a clamping lever and the palm rest being operatively connected therewith so that when moved relative to the base, it will move said clamping lever into and out of engagement with the plane cutter. Furthermore the cap is so constructed that when the palm rest is moved to clamp the cutter on its seat, the base is locked against movement relative to its fulcruin and the clamping lever and its connections are themselves automatically locked against accidental retraction from such clamping position.

In the drawings, which illustrate a preferable embodiment of the present invention; Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view through a standard type of plane equipped with a detachable cap constructed in accordance with the present invention. Fig. 2 is a bottom plan view of the cap detached from the plane body.

Referring to the drawings by numerals: 1 designates the body of a plane provided with side walls or flanges 2 and a detachable shoe 3 at the forward end thereof, a throat le being formed at the forward end of the plane and in the rear of the detachable shoe portion thereof. 4 designates a frog or seat for the forward end of the “plane iron” or cutter, and 5 an interiorly threaded boss projecting upwardly from the plane body and carrying what is commonly termed a “cap screw” 6 provided with the usual headed end 6a. An adjusting lever 10 has its forward end seated over the boss 5 and the plane is provided with a second adjusting device comprising a lever member 8 pivotally mounted at its forward end in the plane body and engaged at its rear end by an adjusting nut 9. A “plane iron” or cutter 7 is seated on the body of the plane with its forward end resting upon the frog or seat 4 and its cutting edge projecting into the throat 1a, the intermediate portions of the cutter resting respectively over the forward ends of the adjusting lever 10 and of the second adjusting lever 8. This cutter is provided with the usual longitudinal slot through which the cap screw 6 projects and through and within which the adjusting head 10a extends, and with a plurality of corrugations 7b formed in its under face which are engaged by the forward end of the adjusting lever 8 to effect vertical adjustment of the cutting edge of the cutter. The lever 10, through its adjusting head 10a, effects angular adjustment of said cutting edge within the throat 1a, while the adjusting lever 8 is adapted to tilt the cutter to move its cutting edge vertically in said throat and thereby adjust the depth of cut.

The parts so far described are merely those of a standard type of plane which has been selected for the illustrative application of the detachable cap embodying our invention.

The cap constituting the present invention embodies a base plate 11 having its forward end 11a curved downwardly to engage with the forward end of the cutter 7. At its rear end the base plate 11 is provided with trunnions 12 formed by rolling back the rear edge of the base plate. A narrow slot 13 extends forwardly and centrally from the rear end of the base plate and is provided with an enlargement 14 forming a continuation thereof and with a second enlargement 15 forming the terminal of the slot. The under face of the base plate at either side of the terminal enlargement 15 is provided with downwardly extending ears 16. A hollow convex body 17 forming a palm rest has its forward end narrowed and provided with spaced lugs 18 fitting through the terminal slot 15 in the base plate and lying in transverse alinement with the ears 16. A link member 19 has its forward end formed as a U shaped bracket 19a and has its rearwardly extending end slotted to form spaced links 19b. The forward bracket end of this link member is seated between the spaced lugs 18 of the palm rest and a pivoted pin 20 is inserted through alining apertures formed in the ear 16, lugs 18 and bracket end 19a of the link member, thereby pivotally connecting the palm rest to the base plate and journaling the link member 19 on the pin 20. A lever member 21 forming in effect a bell crank lever is pivotally mounted at the apex of its angle between the trunnions 12 by means of a pivot pin 22, the lever extending down through the slots 13, 14, and having its lower end formed as a cam 23. The forward end of this bell crank lever is formed with a slot 24 and is positioned between the spaced links 19b at the rear end of link member 19, a pin 25 connecting these links and extending through the slot 24 in the forward end of the lever. The slotted enlargement 14 is of sufficient width to admit the movement of the link ends 19b therethrough and the lugs and the terminal enlargement 15 is of sufficient width to permit the insertion therethrough of the lugs 18 depending from the forward end of the palm rest and positioned between the ears 19 of the base plate 11. It will be evident from the foregoing that when the palm rest 17 is moved on its pivot pin 20 relative to the base plate, it will through the connecting link member 19, move the bell crank lever to bring its cam end into and out of engagement with the cutter 7. The connection of link member 19 with the slotted end of the bell crank lever 21 is such that when the palm rest is moved downwardly to bring the cam end of the lever into cutter clamping position, the link and lever automatically lock themselves against accidental retracting movement. This is caused by the fact that the pin 25 connecting the link member 19 with the bell crank lever 21 is brought below the “dead center” between pivot points 20 and 22 when the palm rest is so moved (see Fig. 1).

The base plate 11 adjacent its forward end and centrally thereof is provided a key-hole slot 26, the enlarged portion of the slot being at the forward end of the base plate and the end of the narrowed portion of the slot rearwardly of the base plate being beveled to conform to the beveling of the head 6a of the cap screw.

With the foregoing construction of the parts in mind the operation and use of the cap is as follows: Assuming that the cutter 7 is seated on the plane body as shown in Fig. 1, with the cap screw 6 extending through the slot 7a therein and the cutter being properly positioned relative to the adjusting devices, the cap with the palm rest raised, is seated thereover by bringing the enlarged end of the key-hole slot 20 over the head of cap screw 6 and then moving the base plate 11 downwardly on the cutter to bring the narrowed portion of the key-hole slot around the head 6a of the cap screw and with the beveled edges of the base plate at the end of said slot abutting against the head 6a. The palm rest 17 may now be moved downwardly this movement causing the base plate to press against and fulcrum on the abutment formed by the headed cap screw 6 and causing the pin 25 carried by the link member 19 to move in the slot 24 of lever 21 and move the cam 23 at the lower end of said lever into frictional clamping engagement with the upper face of the cutter 7 (or when a clamping plate is employed in conjunction with the cutter, into frictional clamping engagement with said plate). The pin 25 will then be beyond the dead center and the link member and clamping lever will therefore be automatically locked against accidental retracting movement. This will also hold the beveled edges of the base plate 11 at the end of the key-hole slot locked against the head 6a of the cap screw abutment thereby affording additional means for preventing movement of the base plate and cap relative to the plane body during service and retaining the cap and its parts in clamping position on the cutter. The degree of frictional clamping engagement of the cam with the cutter is such that the cutter is held fixed on its seat during ordinary service but may be adjusted relative to the cap piece and plane body at any time and by any suitable means without loosening the cap piece or moving it relative to the plane body.

To detach the cap from the plane, it is only necessary to move the palm rest upwardly from the base plate, the application of sufficient force causing the pin 25 to move in slot 24 of the lever and by frictional contact therewith move said lever and its cam end from frictional clamping engagement with the cutter 7. When this has been accomplished, the pressure against the fulcrum head 6a of the cap screw is removed and the base plate 11 may now be moved upwardly on the cutter 7 to bring the enlarged end of its key-hole slot in line with the head of the cam screw, whereupon the cap may be readily detached from the cutter and plane body.

We are aware that the broad combination of elements recited herein is described and claimed in the co-pending application of Christian Bodmer and James M. Burdick, Serial No. 708,733, and lay no claim to such broad combination, our present invention residing in the specific structure embodying such broad combination, as illustrated and described herein and as recited in the appended claims. Furthermore, we desire it understood that while we have described and shown a specific structural embodiment of cap, its structure may be varied in detail within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims.

What we claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a plane in combination, a body provided with a cutter seat, a cutter positioned thereon, an abutment carried by said body and a detachable cap comprising a base adapted to be seated over said cutter and engage the forward end thereof and also adapted to engage said abutment, and a palm rest pivotally connected adjacent one end to said base between its ends, a separately formed bell-crank lever pivotally carried by said base in rear of the pivoted end of said palm rest and intermediate the ends of the cap, said lever being provided with a cam member adapted to clamp the cutter on its seat, and said lever being actuated by the movement of said palm rest relative to said base to clamp said cutter on its seat.

2. In a plane, in combination, a body provided with a cutter seat, a cutter positioned thereon, an abutment carried by said body and a detachable cap comprising a base adapted to be seated over said cutter and engage the forward end thereof and also adapted to engage said abutment, and a palm rest pivotally connected adjacent one end of said base between its ends, a separately formed bell-crank lever pivotally carried by said base in rear of the pivoted end of said palm rest and between the ends of the cap, said lever being provided with a cam adapted to clamp the cutter on its seat, operative connections between said palm rest and said bell-crank lever whereby movement of said palm rest relative to said base actuates said lever to clamp said cutter on its seat, said base fulcruming on and being locked against said abutment when the parts are so moved.

3. In a plane, in combination, a body provided with a cutter seat, a cutter positioned thereon, an abutment carried by said body and a detachable cap comprising a base adapted to be seated over said cutter and engage the forward end thereof and also adapted to engage said abutment, and a palm rest pivotally connected adjacent one end of said base between its ends, a separately formed bell-crank lever pivotally carried by said base in rear of the pivoted end of said palm rest and between the ends of the cap, said lever being provided with a cam adapted to clamp the cutter on its seat, operative connections between said palm rest and said bell-crank lever whereby movement of said palm rest relative to said base actuates said lever to clamp said cutter on its seat, said base fulcruming on and being locked against said abutment when the parts are so moved, and said clamping lever and its connection to said palm rest automatically locking themselves against accidental retracting movement.

4. In a plane, in combination, a body provided with a cutter seat, a cutter positioned thereon, an abutment projecting upwardly from said plane body, and a detachable cap for said cutter comprising a base slotted adjacent its rear end, and adapted to be seated over said cutter and engage said abutment, a palm rest having its forward end extending through the slotted portion of said base and pivotally connected to the under side thereof and movable relative thereto, a bell crank lever pivotally mounted at the rear end of said base and extending downwardly through the slot therein and having one end formed as a cam adapted to engage and clamp said cutter on its seat, a link carried by the forward pivoted end of said palm rest, and pin and slot connections between the other end of said lever and said link whereby when said palm rest is moved relative to said base, said cam is moved into and out of clamping engagement with said cutter, said base fulcruming on and being locked against said abutment and said palm rest housing said lever and its connections against accidental displacement when the parts are moved to cutter clamping position.

JAMES M. BURDICK.
HUBERT P. RICHARDS.

Witnesses:
I. W. CHAPMAN,
W. J . WORAM.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,053,274 – Plane (James M. Burdick And Christian Bodmer) (1913)

[paiddownloads id=”688″]1053274

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JAMES M. BURDICK AND CHRISTIAN BODMER, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNORS TO THE
STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

1,053,274. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented feb. 21, 1913.
Application filed July 11, 1912. Serial No. 708,762.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JAMES M. BURDICK and CHRISTIAN BODMER, citizens of the United States, residing at New Britain, Hartford county, State of Connecticut, respectively, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to an improvement in the construction of planes, and is more particularly concerned with the construction of a detachable cap piece for the cutter or “plane iron”. In such cap pieces, it has hitherto been the practice to provide a detachable cap piece provided with means for engaging with the cutter and clamping it in position upon its seat upon the plane body.

Our invention contemplates employing such a cap piece and utilizing one of the parts thereof as a palm rest. More specifically, the invention contemplates the employement of a base plate adapted to be seated over the cutter and a relatively movable palm rest portion, the cutter clamping means being carried by said cap piece and placed in clamping position by the movement of the palm rest relative to the base plate when the cap is seated on the plane over the cutter. In such a construction the locking parts are housed within the palm rest portion of the cap and thereby protected against accidental displacement. Furthermore, the cap is locked against loosening movement on the plane after the parts have once been moved to clamping position. Such a construction is shown and broadly claimed in our co-pending application Serial No. 708,733.

Our present invention comprises a new specific embodiment of the broad combinations of structure contained in said co-pending application and comprises more especially the specific combinations of parts recited in detail in the following specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view through a standard type of plane equipped with a detachable cap constructed in accordance with the present invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through a modified form of cap detached from the plane body.

Referring to the drawings by numerals: 1 designates the body of a plane provided with side walls or flanges 2 and a detachable shoe 3 at the forward end thereof, a throat 1a being formed at the forward end of the plane and in the rear of the detachable shoe portion thereof. 4 designates a frog or seat for the forward end of the “plane iron” or cutter, and 5 an interiorly threaded boss projecting upwardly from the plane body and carrying what is commonly termed a “cap screw” 6 provided with the usual headed end 6a. An adjusting lever 10 has its forward end seated over the boss 5 and is provided with an adjusting head 10a. To the rear of said head is a second adjusting device comprising a lever member 8 plvotally mounted at its forward end in the plane body and engaged at its rear end by an adjusting nut 9. A “plane iron” or cutter 7 is seated on the body of the plane with its forward end resting upon the frog or seat A and its cutting edge projecting into the throat 1a, the intermediate portions of the cutter resting respectively over the forward ends of the adjusting lever 10 and of the second adjusting lever 8. This cutter is provided with the usual longitudinal slot 7a through which the cap screw 6 projects and through and within which the adjusting head 10a extends, and with a plurality of corrugations 7b formed in its under face which are engaged by the forward end of the adjusting lever 8 to effect vertical adjustment of the cutting edge of the cutter. The lever 10, through its adjusting head 10a, effects lateral or angular adjustment of said cutting edge.

The parts so far described are merely those of a standard type of plane which has been selected for the illustrative application of the detachable cap embodying our invention. This cap embodies a base plate 11 having its forward end beveled and adapted for engagement with the forward end of the cutter 7, and is provided with the side walls or flanges 12. A pivot pin 13 extends transversely of the base plate 11 through the side walls 12 thereof, and has pivotally mounted upon its ends the forward ends of a palm rest section 14 the rear portion of which is formed as a hollow convex body serving as a palm rest. The body of the base plate adjacent the location of the forward end of the palm rest section is provided with a key-hole slot 15, and rearwardly thereof and adjacent the end of the base plate, with a second slot 16 through which extends the lower end of a lever member 17 pivotally carried by said base plate by means of the pivot pin 18 extending transversely of the base plate between the side walls 12 thereof. The lower edge of this lever is formed as a cam 19 and its upper end is formed with a curved oifset provided with a curved slot 20 therein. Projecting downwardly from the interior face of the palm rest 14 is an arm or bracket 21 provided with a pin 22 fitting within the curved slot 20 and designed, when the palm rest section is moved relative to the base plate, to cooperate with said slot and the upper end of said lever to move the lower cam end of the lever toward and away from the upper face of the cutter 7, or, when a clamping plate is employed in connection with said cutter, toward and away from said clamping plate. The forward end of the palm rest section of the cap in alinement with the forward edge of the keyhole slot 15 of the base plate, is provided with an aperture 23 designed to lit over the head 6a of the cap screw when the palm rest is moved downwardly, the sides of the palm rest adjacent said aperture forming an annular shoulder engaging the abutment formed by the head of said cap screw.

In Fig. 2, the cap shown therein is provided with the base plate 11, side walls or flanges 12, pivot pin 13, palm rest 14 pivotally carried thereby, keyhole slot 15, a second slot 16 to the rear of said keyhole slot and adjacent the rear of the base plate, and with an aperture 23 in alinement with the forward edge of the keyhole slot, these parts being the same as those shown and described in connection with Fig. 1. The lever member 17a, however, which is pivotally mounted in the base plate by means of the pivot pin 18a and has its lower end formed as a cam 19a is provided with a rearwardly extending offset instead of the forwardly extending curved offset shown in Fig. 1. This rearwardly extending offset is provided with a curved slot 20a and an arm or bracket 21a extending downwardly from the inner face of the palm rest section 14 and carries a pin 22a engaging in and cooperating with the curved slot 20a and the upper end of the lever member 17a’ to move the lower cam end 19a of the lever into and out of clamping engagement with the face of the cutter 7.

The application and operation of both forms of cap is substantially the same, and is as follows: Assuming that the cutter 7 is seated on the plane body and its parts, as is shown in Fig. 1, the detachable cap is seated over said cutter by bringing the enlarged end of the keyhole slot 15 in its base plate 11 over the head of the cap screw 6 and then moving the base plate and its attached palm rest section upwardly on the cutter to bring the narrow portion of the keyhole slot under the head 6a of the cap screw. When this is being done, the palm rest section of the cap is in raised position, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 1 of the drawings. After the base plate has been engaged with the cutter and cap screw 6, as described, the palm rest section is swung downwardly relatively to the base plate, this movement, through pins 22–22a, swinging the lower cam edges 19–19a of the clamping levers into frictional clamping engagement with the upper face of the cutter 7 so that by the time the pins 22–22a reach the lower ends of slots 20–20a to stop the further relative movement between the palm rest and base plate, the cam ends 19–19a will have frictionally engaged and securely clamped the cutter 7 in position on the plane body. This clamping engagement is such that it holds the cutter so tightly on its seat that under ordinary service conditions, its position relative to the plane body will remain unchanged. The cutter, however, is always capable of being adjusted without in any way loosening the cap.

Owing to the engagement of the keyhole slot 15 with the cap screw 6, there is a possibility that during service the cap might be loosened and slide longitudinally of the cutter 7 despite the fact that its bottom plate is held to said cutter by the frictional engagement therewith of its clamping lever. The provision of the apertures 23 in the forward end of the palm rest section is designed to prevent any possibility of such movement, and when the palm rest is moved downwardly to actuate the clamping lever to frictional clamping engagement with the cutter, the head 6a of the cap screw projects through this aperture 23, the edges of the palm rest section adjacent said aperture forming annular shoulders engaging the abutment formed by the head of the cap screw and preventing movement of the cap relative to the plane body.

To detach the cap from the plane, it is only necessary to move the palm rest upwardly from the base plate, the application of sufiicient force causing the pin 22 or 22a to move in the curved slot of the clamping lever member and by frictional pressure, move the lower cam end of the lever out of clamping engagement with the cutter 7. When the palm rest has thus been moved upwardly and the cam end of the lever retracted from engagement with the cutter, the forward apertured end of this palm rest section will have been moved from locking engagement with the head of the cap screw, and the base plate 11 may now be moved downwardly on the cutter 7 to bring the enlarged end of the keyhole slot in line with the cap screw 6, whereupon the base plate and its attached palm rest may be removed from the cutter and plane body.

The structure of the cap and its connections is susceptible of modification within the spirit of our invention and the scope of the appended claims.

What we claim, therefore, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a plane, in combination, a body provided with a cutter seat, a cutter positioned thereon, an abutment carried by said body and a detachable cap comprising a base adapted to be seated over said cutter and engage the forward end thereof and also adapted to engage said abutment, and a palm rest pivotally connected adjacent one end to said base between its ends, a separately formed cam lever being pivotally carried by one of said parts in rear of the pivoted end of the palm rest and having a curved slot therein, and a pin being carried by the other of said parts and being seated in said curved slot whereby the movement of said palm rest relative to its base actuates said cam lever to clamp said cutter on its seat.

2. In a plane, in combination, a body provided with a cutter seat, a cutter positioned thereon, an abutment carried by said body and a detachable cap comprising a base adapted to be seated over said cutter and engage the forward end thereof and also adapted to engage said abutment, and a palm rest pivotally connected adjacent one end to said base between its ends, a separately formed cam lever being pivotally carried by one of said parts in rear of the pivoted end of the palm rest and having a curved slot therein, and a pin being carried by the other of said parts and being seated in said curved slot whereby the movement of said palm rest relative to its base actuates said cam lever to clamp said cutter on its seat, the end of said palm rest being provided with a shoulder adapted to engage said abutment upon such movement to thereby lock the cap against movement relative to the abutment and its plane body.

JAMES M. BURDICK.
CHRISTIAN BODMER.

Witnesses:
I. W. CHAPMAN,
W. J. WORAM.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,053,270 – Plane (Christian Bodmer And James M. Burdick) (1913)

[paiddownloads id=”687″]1053270

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHRISTIAN BODMER AND JAMES M. BURDICK, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNORS TO THE
STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

1,053,270. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Feb. 18, 1913.
Application filed July 10, 1913. Serial No. 708,733.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, CHRISTIAN BODMER and JAMES M. BURDICK, citizens of the United States, residing at New Britain, Hartford county, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to planes and particularly to an improved form of “plane iron” or cutter cap.

In planes heretofore it has been customary to provide the cutters or “plane irons” with a detachable cap piece adapted to be seated thereover and provided with means for clamping the cutter in its adjusted position on its seat.

Our invention contemplates forming such a detachable cap with a plurality of relatively movable parts, one of which constitutes a palm rest, the cap being provided with means cooperating in one position of the parts to clamp the cutter in position on its seat against accidental displacement and to hold the cap against movement when in such locking position. The clamping of the cutter on its seat is such that it may be adjusted through suitable means without disturbing the position of the cap parts which will act to hold the cutter in its new position against accidental displacement.

In the specific embodiment of the invention selected for illustration, the parts easily susceptible of accidental actuation are housed within the palm rest when the cap is seated over the cutter in clamping position, and are thereby protected against accidental actuation to destroy the adjustment. In addition the positioning of the parts of the cap over the cutter to hold the same upon its seat against accidental displacement serves to retain the cap on the cutter against displacement relative thereto and to the plane, although, of course, adjustment of the cutter itself is possible as already stated. These and other advantages will be seen from the more detailed description following and from the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through a standard type of plane equipped with one form of detachable cutter cap constructed in accordance with our invention. Fig. 2 is a bottom plan view of the cap shown in Fig. 1, detached from the plane. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section through a detachable cap of slightly modified form with the parts thereof in locking position and the cooperating parts of the plane omitted, the palm rest being shown in dotted lines in raised unlocked position. Fig. 4 is a partial end view of the cap shown in Fig. 3, the palm rest being raised. Fig. 5 is a bottom plan view of the cap shown in Figs. 3 and 4. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of another modified form of cap. Fig. 7 is a fragmentary plan view of a cap illustrating a modified form of locking abutment shoulder.

Referring to the drawings by numerals: 1 indicates the body of a plane of conventional design and 2 the side flanges or walls thereof. 3 denotes a detachable shoe carried by the forward end of the plane body, a throat 1a being formed in the body adjacent and to the rear of said shoe.

4 indicates a frog or se-at for the end of the cutter and 5 an interiorly apertured and threaded boss projecting upwardly from the body of the plane intermediate its ends and to the rear of the frog or seat 4. Screwed into the threaded aperture of and extending from the boss 5, is what is commonly termed a “cap screw” 6 forming an abutment for the cap. A plane iron or cutter 7 provided with the usual longitudinal slot 7a and corrugations 7b on its under face, is seated on the plane body with its forward end resting upon the frog 4 and its cutting edge extending into and through the throat 1a. The corrugated under face of the cutter 7 rests upon and is engaged by the toothed end of a pivoted adjusting lever 8 having a cooperating actuator member 9 and designed to be operated to effect vertical adjustment of the cutting edge of the cutter 7 in the usual manner. An adjusting lever 10 is mounted upon the boss 5 and carries an adjusting head 10a which fits through the longitudinal slot forming the cutter, and is adapted to be moved through the lever 10 to effect angular adjustment of the cutting edge of the cutter 7. The cutter itself rests on the plane body with its forward edge supported on the frog or seat 4 and its intermediate portions seated over the ends of adjusting levers 10 and 8. The cap screw 6 extends up through the longitudinal slot 7a formed in the cutter and is provided with the usual shouldered head 6a.

The parts so far described are merely those of a standard type of plane selected as a type appropriate for use with the detachable cap embodying our invention. This cap is preferably formed of either cast iron or steel, or of a combination of both. In Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings we have shown a cap as formed of cast iron and in Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6 the cap shown therein illustrates the article as made from steel. Referring more specifically to the construction shown in Figs. 1 and 2, this cap embodies a base plate 11 having a beveled forward edge 11a and side walls 12 extending around the edges of the plate from its forward end. A slot 13 is formed in and extends longitudinally of the base plate from its rear end and terminates at its outer end in a key-hole slotted portion 14. Intermediate of its ends, base plate 11 is formed with bearings 15 projecting inwardly from the side walls 12 and serving as journals for pivot pins 16 on which are pivotally mounted the forward end portions 17 of a hollow convexed body 18 forming a palm rest. A lever 19 extends within the slot 13 adjacent its rear end and is pivotally mounted upon the base plate by means of the pivot pin 20 extending transversely of the base at such point and mounted in the side walls 12 thereof. The lower edge of this lever 19 is formed as a cam 21 and its upper end is shouldered at 22 and a link 23 pivoted thereto at 24. The other end of this link is pivotally carried at 26 by a bearing bracket 25 extending from the under face of the palm rest 18. This palm rest at its forward end and in alinement with the forward or narrow end of the key-hole slot 14, is provided with an aperture 27 designed to fit over the head 6a of the cap screw, the edges of the palm rest adjacent said aperture forming an annular shoulder engaging the abutment formed by the head of said cap screw.

In the operation of the cap thus described, the cutter 7 being seated in proper position on the plane body with its cutting edge suitably adjusted, the base plate is seated over the head of the cap screw 6 with the enlarged portion of the key-hole slot over the head of the screw 6 and is moved upwardly to bring the narrowed portion of the key-hole slot 15 under the head of the cap screw 6. The palm rest 18 (which, when the cap is being mounted on the plane, is in raised position such as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 1), is now moved downwardly toward the cutter 7 and base plate 11. This movement of the palm rest will, through the connecting link 23, move the lower cam edge 21 of the lever 19 forwardly and into frictional contact with the upper face of cutter 7 (or when a clamping plate is employed in conjunction therewith, into contact with said clamping plate). This action of the cam 21 will cause the cutter to be clamped upon its seat against accidental adjustment destroying movement. The clamping action is such that the cutter is held on its seat with enough force to maintain such position thereon during ordinary use, but as before stated, it can always be adjusted when so held without loosening the cap. The parts are so constructed that during such positioning of the palm rest 18 to effect this clamping action the pivot. 26 will be brought below the “dead center” line between pivots 24 and 16 thereby frictionally locking the parts in such cutter clamping position, the upper end of the link 23 abutting against the under face of the palm rest 18 and preventing further downward movement.

Owing to the engagement of the key-hole slot 14 with the cap screw 6, there is some possibility of the cap loosening and drawing back during use. To prevent such action the palm rest 18 when the parts are moved to clamp the cutter on its seat, moves its aperture 27 over the head 6a of the cap screw so that the sides of the palm rest adjacent said aperture form an annular locking shoulder engaging the abutment formed by the head of said cap screw. As this cap screw is fixed relative to the body of the plane it is evident that movement of the cap relative to said body is impossible.

In the form of the cap shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 5 of the drawings, the cap comprises a base plate 28 having its forward edge shaped for engagement. with the forward edge of the cutter and provided with tianges or side walls 29. A pivot. pin 30 extends transversely of the body of the base plate and between its side walls 29 and serves to pivot on said body the forward ends of a hollow convened body 32 forming a palm rest. The body of the base plate 28 at a point adjacent the said end of the palm rest 32 is provided with a key-hole slot 31 and adjacent its rear end and between its side walls 29 is provided with a second slot 33 through which extends the lower end of a lever 34 pivotally mounted adjacent its lower edge by pivot pin 35 carried by the side walls 29 and extending transversely of the base plate. The lower edge of this lever 34 is formed with a cam 36 and at its upper end, the lever is shouldered at 37. Complemental links 38 are pivotally secured to the upper end of lever 34 by means of the pivot pin 39. These links at their other ends are secured to a bearing bracket 40 carried by the palm rest 32, a pivot pin 41 serving to pivotally attach the forward ends of these links to said bearing bracket. The front end of the palm rest 32 in line with the forward or neck portion of the key-hole slot 31, is provided with an aperture 42 designed, when the palm rest is moved from the position indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 3 to that shown in full lines, to rest over the head 6a of the cap screw 6 of the plane. The action and operation of this form of cap is the same as that of the form shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the two forms differing in detail of construction only.

In Fig. 6 we have shown a further and more radical modification. In the two forms heretofore described, the link connections between the cam lever and the palm rest are locked against accidental retraction when the cap is seated on the plane in cutter clamping position, this being effected in part by the fact that the pivots 26 and 41 of these two respective forms are moved beyond “dead center” when the cap is moved to cutter clamping position. In the present modification, the base plate 43 is provided with side flanges or walls 44, a key-hole slot 45 and a second and rearward slot 46 through which a lever 49 projects, a pivot pin 50 serving to pivotally connect the lower end of the lever to the side walls 44 of the base plate and the parts so far described corresponding substantially to those shown and described in Figs. 3 and 4. At its lower edge the lever 49 is provided with a cam 51 and is shouldered adjacent its upper end at 52, and a link 54 pivotally connected to said upper end by the pivot pin 53. The hollow convened palm rest 48 is pivotally connected to the base plate 43 by means of the pivot pin 47 extending transversely thereof and through the forward ends of its side walls 44. From its interior face and intermediate its ends, a bearing bracket 56 extends and the other and forward end of the link 54 is pivotally connected to this bearing bracket by means of the pivot pin 55. Adjacent its forward end and in line with the forward end of the key-hole slot 45, a palm rest is provided with the locking aperture 57 corresponding in location and action with those shown in the other figures of the drawing. In the use of this modified form of cap, when the base 43 has been seated on the plane body in the usual manner and moved to bring the narrow portion of its key-hole slot 45 under the head of the cap screw 6, the palm rest 48 is moved downwardly relatively to the base plate 43; this movement, through the connecting link 54, swings the lower end of the lever 49 forwardly to bring its cam end 51 into frictional clamping engagement with the upper face of the cutter, further downward movement on the part of the palm rest being prevented by the engagement of the forward end of the link 54 with the upper face of the body of the base plate 43. When the parts are so moved, the aperture 57 in the forward end of the palm rest, will be seated over the head of the cap screw thereby locking the cap against movement relative to said screw. The frictional engagement of the cam end 51 of lever 49 retains said lever and its actuating link in locking position.

In the forms previously described, the cap has been locked against loosening movement by the fact that apertures formed adjacent the forward end of the palm rest section. of the cap have been seated over the head of the cap screw, the sides of the palm rest section adjacent such apertures forming annular locking shoulders. In Fig. 7 we have shown a modification of this locking feature wherein the locking aperture is omitted and a single lip or locking shoulder provided. Referring specifically to Fig. 7, 58 indicates the base plate of a detachable cap and 59 the palm rest section thereof pivotally connected thereto at 60. 61 indicates the forward end of a key-hole slot formed in the base plate, the position of the head of the “cap screw” being indicated in dotted lines at 62. The forward edge of the palm rest section is provided with a central lip or shoulder 63 which, when the cap is seated in cutter clamping position will move down over and abut against the edge of the screw head and lock the cap against displacement relative thereto during service.

In order to detach a cap from the plane, it is only necessary to move the palm rest upwardly from the base-plate, the application of sufiicient pressure thereagainst serving through the connecting links to move the lower cam end of the lever from frictional clamping engagement with the cutter 7. When the palm rest has been thus moved upwardly, the forward apertured or shouldered end of the palm rest section will have been moved out of locking engagement with the head of the cap screw and the base plate may now be moved to bring the enlarged end of its key-hole slot in line with the cap screw 6, whereupon the base plate and its attached palm rest may be removed from the cutter and plane body.

While we have herein described and illustrated specific embodiments of our invention, various modifications thereof are possible within the spirit of the invention and of the appended claims.

What we claim is:

1. In a plane, in combination, a body provided with a cutter seat, a cutter positioned thereon, an abutment carried by said body, and a detachable cap comprising a base adapted to be seated over said cutter and engage the forward end thereof and also adapted to engage said abutment, a palm rest pivotally connected adjacent one end to said base between its ends, and a separately formed cutter clamping member carried by one of said parts in rear of the pivoted end of said palm rest and intermediate the ends of the cap, said member being actuated by the movement of said palm rest relative to said base to clamp said cutter on its seat.

2. In a plane, in combination, a body provided with a cutter seat, a cutter positioned thereon, an abutment carried by said body, and a detachable cap comprising a base adapted to be seated over said cutter and engage the forward end thereof and also adapted to engage said abutment, a palm rest pivotally connected adjacent one end to said base between its ends, and separately formed and cooperating cutter clamping members connected to said base and palm rest and in rear of the pivoted end of said palm rest and intermediate the ends of the cap, said members being actuated by the movement of said palm rest relative to said base to clamp said cutter on its seat.

3. In a plane, in combination, a body provided with a cutter seat, a cutter positioned thereon, an abutment carried by said body, and a detachable cap comprising a base adapted to be seated over said cutter and engage the forward end thereof and also adapted to engage said abutment, a palm rest pivotally connected adjacent one end to said base between its ends, and a separately formed cutter clamping member carried by one of said parts in rear of the pivoted end of said palm rest and intermediate the ends of the cap, said member being actuated by the movement of said palm rest relative to said base to clamp said cutter on its seat, and said palm rest engaging said abutment to lock said cap against movement relative to said abutment and plane body.

4. In a plane, in combination, a body provided with a cutter seat, a cutter positioned thereon, an abutment projecting from said body, and a detachable cap comprising a slotted base adapted to be seated over said cutter to engage said abutment with said abutment projecting through the slot therein, a palm rest pivotally connected adjacent one end to said base, a cam member pivotally carried by said base in rear of the pivoted end of the palm rest, connections between said cam member and said palm rest operative by the movement of said palm rest relative to said base, to actuate said cam member to frictionally clamp said cutter on its seat, said palm rest being provided with an abutment positioned by said locking movement to engage the plane body abutment to thereby lock said base and palm rest against movement relative to said abutment and plane body, said cam member and its connections being so positioned by such locking movement of the palm rest as to automatically lock themselves against accidental retracting movement.

5. In a plane, in combination, a body provided with a cutter seat, a cutter positioned thereon, an abutment projecting upwardly from said body, and a detachable cap comprising a slotted base adapted to be seated over said cutter to engage said abutment with said abutment projecting through the slot therein, a palm rest pivotally connected to said base, a lever pivotally carried by said base and provided with a cam at its lower end, a link pivotally connected to the upper end of said lever and to said palm rest adapted, when said palm rest is moved relative to the base, to actuate said lever and bring its cam in frictional clamping engagement with said cutter, said palm rest being provided with a shoulder adapted to be positioned by said locking movement to engage said abutment and thereby lock said base and palm rest against movement relative to said abutment and plane body, and said link and lever being positioned by such movement to automatically lock themselves against accidental retracting movement.

CHRISTIAN BODMER.
JAMES M. BURDICK.

Witnesses:
ALBERT W. PECK, Jr.,
I. W. CHAPMAN.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,048,455 – Plane (James M. Burdick) (1912)

[paiddownloads id=”686″]1048455

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JAMES M. BURDICK, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE &
LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

1,048,455. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Dec. 24, 1912.
Application filed July 11, 1912. Serial No. 708,840.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES M. BURDICK, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, Hartford county, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Irnprovements in Planes, of winch the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to an improvement in the construction of planes, and is more particularly concerned with the construction of a detachable cap piece for the cutter or “plane iron”. In such cap pieces, it has hitherto been the practice to provide a detachable cap piece provided with means for engaging with the cutter and clamping it in position upon its seat upon the plane body.

My present invention contemplates employing such a cap piece in the form of a main body portion provided with a palm rest and carrying a relatively movable clamping member adapted to be positioned to engage and clamp the cutter on its seat and to lock said cap piece against movement relative to the plane body.

In the drawings illustrating a preferable embodiment of the invention: Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through a standard type of plane equipped with a detachable cap constructed in accordance with the present invention. Fig. 2 is a top plan view of said cap removed from the plane body.

Referring to the drawing by numerals: 1 designates the body of a plane provided with side walls or fianges 2 and a detachable shoe 3 at the forward end thereof, a throat 1a being formed at the forward end of the plane and in the rear of the detachable shoe portion thereof. 4 designates a frog or seat for the forward end of the “plane iron” or cutter, and 5 an interiorly threaded boss projecting upwardly from the plane body and carrying what is commonly termed a “cap screw” 6 provided with the usual headed end 6a. An adjusting lever 10 has its forward end seated over the boss 5 and is provided with an adjusting head 10a. To the rear of said head is a second adjusting device comprising a lever member 8 pivotally mounted at its forward end in the plane body and engaged at its rear end by an adjusting nut 9. A “plane iron” or cutter 7 is seated on the body of the plane with its forward end resting upon the frog or seat 4 and its cutting edge projecting into the throat 1a, the intermediate portions of the cutter resting respectively over the forward ends of the adjusting lever 10 and of the second adjusting lever 8. This cutter is provided with the usual longitudinal slot through which the cap screw 6 projects and through and within which the adjusting head 10a extends, and with a plurality of corrugations 7b formed in its under face which are engaged by the forward end of the adjusting lever 8 to effect vertical adjustment of the cutting edge of the cutter. The lever 10, through its adjusting head 10a, effects lateral or angular adjustment of said cutting edge.

The parts so far described are merely those of a standard type of plane which has been selected for the illustrative application of the detachable cap embodying the invention. This cap is formed as a main body portion comprising a base portion 11 adapted to be seated over the cutter and having side walls or flanges 12 extending longitudinally thereof and beyond the end of the base portion 11, said flanges being widened and joined to form the rounded hollow palm rest 13. The base portion 11, at its rear end, is formed with a slot 11a and with spaced ears 14 extending upwardly from said base portion at the rear end thereof and positioned on either side of said slot. Intermediate its ends, and forward of the ears 14, the base portion 11 is provided with a key-hole slot 15. A clamping lever 16 is pivotally mounted adjacent its rear end between the ears 14, said end extending downwardly between the ears 14 and through the slotted portion 11a and being formed at its extremity as a cam 18. This lever 16 extends forwardly to a point adjacent the key-hole slot 15 and is provided at its forward end with an upwardly extending handle or finger piece 19 and adjacent said handle, with a locking shoulder 20 extending downwardly therefrom. This shoulder is posi-
tioned to lie in substantial alinement with the rear end of the narrowed portion of the key-hole slot 15. The main body portion, with its ears 14, side walls 12 and rearward extension 13 forming the palm rest, may be, and preferably is, formed as an integral structure.

With the foregoing construction of the parts in mind, the application and operation of the cap is as follows: Assuming that the cutter 7 is seated on the plane body as shown in Fig. 1 with the cap screw 6 extending up through its slotted portion 7a, the detachable cap is seated over the cutter by bringing the enlarged end of the key-hole slot 15 in its base over the head of the cap screw 6 and then moving the body portion upwardly to bring the narrowed portion of the slot under the head 6a of the cap-screw. When this has been done, the operator grasps the handle 19 of the clamping lever and moves it downwardly to bring the cam 18 into frictional clamping engagement with the upper face of the cutter 7 (or, when a clamping plate is employed in conjunction with the cutter, with the upper face of said clamping plate). When the cam has been thus moved to clamping engagement with the cutter, the locking shoulder 20 will have been moved over the head 6a of the cap screw and will abut and be locked thereagainst by reason of the frictional engagement of the cam 18 with the cutter 7. From this, it will be evident that the cutter is firmly held on its seat and that the cap cannot be accidentally moved longitudinally of the plane body to break the clamping engagement of the cam 18 therewith. The frictional clamping engagement of the cam with the cutter is such that it is sufficient to retain the cutter fixed on the seat under ordinary conditions of service, but permits adjustment of the cutter by suitable means without disturbing or loosening the cap.

While I have shown and described a specific embodiment of a detachable cap, various modifications and changes in structure thereof are possible within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim, therefore, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In a plane, in combination, a plane body provided with a cutter seat, a cutter positioned thereon, an abutment carried by said plane body, and a detachable cap for said cutter comprising a main body portion adapted to be seated over said cutter and a palm rest connected to said main body portion and a relatively movable member carried by said body portion and adapted to be positioned to engage and clamp said cutter on its seat and to engage said abutment and lock said body portion against movement relative thereto and to said plane body.

2. In a plane, in combination, a plane body provided with a cutter seat, a cutter positioned thereon, an abutment carried by said body portion, and a detachable cap for said cutter comprising a base adapted to be seated over said cutter to engage said abutment and a paim rest extending rearwardly of said base, and a clamping lever pivotally carried by said cap and formed for simultaneous engagement with said abutment and said cutter whereby said lever may be actuated to engage and clamp said cutter on its seat and also to simultaneously engage said abutment and lock said body portion against movement relative to said plane body.

3. In combination with a plane body provided with a cutter seat and with an upwardly projecting abutment, a detachable cutter cap comprising an integral body portion embodying a base adapted to be seated over the plane cutter and to engage said abutment, and a portion extended rearwardly of said base to form a palm rest, and a lever pivoted adjacent one end to said rearwardly extending portion and having said pivoted end provided with a cutter-clamping cam and having its outer end formed with a locking shoulder adapted to engage said plane abutment when said lever is moved to cutter clamping position, thereby locking said body portion against movement relative to said abutment and to said plane body.

JAMES M. BURDICK.

Witnesses:
I. W. CHAPMAN,
W. J. WORAM.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

Corrections in Letters Patent No.1,048,455.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,0143,455, granted December 24, 1912, upon the application of James M. Burdick, of New Britain, Connecticut, for an improvement in “Planes,” an error appears in the printed specification requiring correction as follows: Page 2, line 50, after the word “cutter” insert the words to engage said abutment; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 28th day of January, A. D., 1913.
[SEAL]

C. C. BILLINGS,
Acting Commissioner of Patents.

No. 1,042,139 – Tongue-And-Groove Plane (Albert A. Page) (1912)

[paiddownloads id=”685″]1042139

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ALBERT A. PAGE, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO SARGENT & COMPANY,
OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

TONGUE-AND-GROOVE PLANE.

_________________

1,042,139. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Oct. 22, 1912.
Application filed September 23, 1911. Serial No. 650,904.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT A. PAGE, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of New Haven, State of Connecticut, have invented new and useful Improvements in Tongue-and-Groove Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to reversible or invertible tongue and groove planes, and the primary object of the invention is to provide a tool of this sort which is practically as handy and convenient in use as the well known tongue cutting planes and grooving planes in which the tongue cutting function and the groove cutting function are not combined.

It is also aimed to produce a plane of this kind which is not only handy and well balanced but also of comparatively light, simple and inexpensive construction. The main advantage of the improved tool resides, however, in the fact that it provides a very convenient and satisfactory grip for the workman, whether used for tongue cutting or grooving, and that it is peculiarly compact, and has the respective cutters so arranged as to do the most effective work.

In these drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the plane; Fig. 2, a plan view of the edge adapted to fit the groove; Fig. 3, a plan view of the edge adapted to form and engage the tongue; and Fig. 4, a cross section on the line x–x of Fig. 1.

In all figures, similar letters of reference represent like parts.

Referring to the drawing, the open skeleton frame constituting the stock is shown at 1. This frame comprises parallel lower and upper edge portions 4, 5, of which the former acts as a bearing surface when cutting the tongue, while the latter serves as a bearing surface in cutting the groove. These parallel bearing portions of the skeleton frame are connected at the ends of the plane, preferably in an integral manner, by handle or grip portions 2, 3, respectively. These handle or grip portions, while slightly curved in a longitudinal direction and of appropriate cross-section, in order to form a convenient and satisfactory grip for the hand of the workman, are generally parallel with respect to each other and form, in connection with the parallel bearing portions, 4, 5, a stock of substantially rhomboidal shape.

Projecting inwardly from the respective bearing portions 4, 5, are lugs or brackets 13 and 15 respectively against which the respective bits 8 and 14: are positioned. The supporting brackets or lugs 13 and 15 are preferably formed integrally with the bearing portions 4 and 5 and are equipped with flat bearing surfaces for the bits, which bearing surfaces are directed parallel to each other and substantially parallel with one of the diagonals of the rhomboidal figure formed by the intermediate open space between the handles 2 and 3. By placing the supporting brackets and the bits in superposed relation, as shown, with one bracket and its bit placed oppositely with respect to the other bracket and bit as regards the diagonal aforesaid, it is possible to shorten the plane materially while still providing for the location of the cutting edges of the respective bits at the proper distances from the respective ends of the plane. In other words, by this construction I am enabled to provide an efficient plane of minimum length wherein the distance from each cutter to one end of the plane bears such a ratio to the distance from said cutter to the other end of the plane that the bearing portions 4, 5, coact properly and effectively with the respective bits.

The bearing portion 4 is provided at one side with a relatively short depending flange 6 creating a groove 7 into which projects the tongue cutting bit 8, the cutting end of which is recessed at 9 in order to form the tongue in well known manner. The bit 8 is positioned relatively to its support 13 by means of a lever pivoted at 12 and bearing against the bit at one end, while the opposite end carries a clamping screw 10 coacting with the bit in well known manner. The bearing portion 5 is provided with a groove 20 and with a flange 19 alined with the cutting edge 21 of the bit or cutter 14. This bit or cutter is positioned relatively to its support 15 by means of a lever 16 pivoted at 17 and having a clamping screw 18.

The operation of the device is as follows: When it is employed for forming and planing the tongue in the edge of the work, the latter is engaged with the groove 7 and the grip member 2 engaged by the hand of the operator. In the operation of the device in this position the slot 9 will leave a central unplaned space on the edge of the board of the desired width of the tongue and in the continued movement of the plane the portions on either side of this space will be planed down so as to form a tongue of the proper width. After the tongue has been formed it is merely necessary to reverse the plane edge for edge and grasp the grip member 3 by the hand and apply the rib 19 to the opposite edge of the board or edge of another board, and then operate the plane for the purpose of forming the groove, the cutter 21 engaging said edge and forming the groove.

By forming the plane of substantially rhomboidal shape a most satisfactory grip may be afforded by the handles 2 and 3. By locating the bits and bit supports in the manner described the construction of the tool is simplified and its expense lowered, and in addition to this, the tool is made light and well balanced, and is especially effective in operation.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is :–

l. An invertible or reversible tongue and groove plane comprising parallel oppositely located bearing portions, handle members joining the respective ends of the respective bearing portions and forming in conjunction with said bearing portions a skeleton frame or stock of substantially rhomboidal form, separate bit supports projecting from the respective bearing portions into the inner open portion of the frame or stock, said bit supports being arranged in superposed relation and having bearing surfaces directed substantially parallel to one of the diagonals of the rhomboidal opening of the frame or stock, and bits clamped on the respective bearing surfaces and cooperating with the respective bearing portions; substantially as described.

2. An invertible or reversible tongue and groove plane comprising parallel oppositely located bearing portions, handle members joining the respective ends of said bearing portions and forming in conjunction therewith a skeleton frame or stock of approximately rhomboidal form, bit supports formed integrally with the respective bearing portions and extending therefrom into the inner open portion of the frame or stock, and bits clamped on the respective bit supports, substantially as described.

3. ln an invertible or reversible tongue and groove plane, an open skeleton frame formed of oppositely arranged parallel bear-
ing portions and handle members connecting the respective bearing portions at the ends of the plane, approximately parallel bit supports extending inward from the respective bearing portions into the inner opening of the frame, said bit supports being arranged in superposed relation and having their bit supporting surfaces opposing or facing each other, and bits clamped on said surfaces and cooperating with the respective bearing portions, substantially as described.

ln witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand on the 21st day of September, 1911.

ALBERT A. PAGE.

Witnesses:
HENRY H. MUNSON,
CARL W. CARLSON.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,032,346 – Plane (Edmund A. Schade) (1912)

[paiddownloads id=”684″]1032346

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

EDMUND A. SCHADE, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE &
LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

1,032,346. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented July 9, 1912.
Application filed November 1, 1911. Serial No. 657,934.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDMUND A. SCHADE, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful lmprovements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in planes, and particularly to that type of plane in which the main body or stock is formed of wood.

My improvement aims at providing an improved construction for reinforcing the wood stock at the weakest point, namely, at the throat opening, where much of the wood is out away. Incidentally, but none the less important, the means for reinforcing the wood body cooperates in an improved manner with other new features of construction to hold the frog or cutter carrier seat securely in position.

ln the drawings Figure 1 is a plan view of a part of a plane, constructed to embody my invention, the frog and plane iron being removed, the ends of the main reinforcement being broken away. Fig. 2 is a section on the line x–x Fig. 1, showing the cutter carrier, or frog, in place. Fig. 3 is a relatively enlarged sectional view of a detail of construction, on the section y–y Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a plan view of a modification of the same detail. Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the modified detail shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a sectional view of still another modification of the same detail.

1 represents the main body or stock of a plane, the same being of substantial length, breadth and thickness, and being formed of wood. At an intermediate point in the length of the main body the stock is cut away down to the throat passage 2 to form a space for the plane iron and for the clearance of shavings. This cut-away portion always tends, in planes of this character, to substantially weaken the stock 1. To reinforce and strengthen said stock 1, I apply to the top side thereof a metal bracing or reinforcing piece of peculiar design, including a relatively wide plate 3 terminating in relatively narrowed-in extensions 4–5.

6–7 are integral upright reinforcing ribs bordering the sides of the reinforcing plate and bridging the plane iron passage in said plate and also in said stock. These ribs 6–7 give great rigidity to the reinforcing plate, so that when the same is properly secured to the stock 1, the weakened part thereof, as before pointed out, will be adequately strengthened so as to prevent all danger of breakage.

The usual hand grips may be provided at each end of the plane, the forward grip being shown at 8, the rear grip being omitted for want of room on the drawings.

Both ends of the reinforcing plate are secured to the wood stock 1 by means of screws 9–10. It is obvious that unless the middle portion of the reinforcing plate 3 is adequately secured to the stock, that the latter will not be properly braced. Hence I have provided means which not only serve to secure the plate at a middle point, between the screw fastenings 9–10, to the wood stock, but also serve to effectively hold the frog in any of the adjusted positions without strain upon the reinforcing plate.

11 represents the cutter support or frog, which in general is of well known design, and hence needs no detailed description. 12 represents the base of said frog. In this base, at each side, are provided screw-slots or passages, one of which appears in the upper portion of Fig. 1. Directly under these passages, and securely anchored in the wood stock 1, are cylindrical anchor blocks 13–13 drilled and tapped to receive the clamping screws 14, one of which appears in Fig. 2. The screws 14 pass through longitudinal slots in the frog, and enter the anchor blocks 13. These anchor blocks 13–13 may be shaped on the outside in any desired way, so long as they may be securely embedded and retained in the wood stock 1 in a rigid manner. For example, in the drawings, Figs. 1 to 3, each block 13 is shown as having an external coarse thread, which permits said block to be screwed into the wood stock 1. When said block is screwed down firmly in place, it is held against turning preferably by a pin 15, which acts as a key. The outer side of each block may have one or more vertical grooves or key-ways to permit one side of said key pin 15 to project partly into said anchor block when the latter has been screwed home.

ln Figs. 4 and 5, I have shown a slight modification of the anchor block, in which the outer wall thereof is unthreaded and arranged to be forced directly into a bore in the stock 1. In this modiiication the block is indicated at 13a and is held in place by means of wood screws 16, the upper end of the block being cut away or notched to permit part of the screw-head of each screw 16 to enter the notch and hold the block down in place and at the same time prevent it from turning with the clamping screw 14.

In Fig. 6, I have shown another modification of the block, said block being indicated at 13b, the same being similar to the block 13a with the exception that the outer side is provided with a coarse thread. In this instance the block is held in place against vertical displacement by the screw-threads and against turning by screws 16–16, as in Fig. 5.

The effect of this combination of parts is as follows: When the reinforcing plate is applied to the base 1, it is held at its ends by the screws 9–10, and, while an additional screw or screws may be provided whenever desired, the same are unnecessary, in view of the fact that when the frog 11 is in place and is clamped down by the screws 14, the drag of said screws tends to hold not only the frog 11 tightly on the reinforcing plate 3, but also holds the reinforcing plate 3 rigidly down upon the stock 1. By this arrangement, a long screw-bearing is provided for the clamping screws 14, as would not be the case if the screws 14; relied alone upon threads cut in screw passages on the comparatively thin reinforcing plate 3, for in such a case there would be danger of stripping the threads. Not only is it important to secure a firm and effective anchorage for the clamping screws 14 for the purpose of holding the clamping plate 3 tightly to the stock 1, but it is also important for the purpose of holding the frog 11 tightly upon its seat so as to prevent all danger of chattering of the plane iron. It is clear that it is of the greatest advantage to secure the plate 3 to the wood stock 1 directly at, or as near as possible to, the point where the strain occurs. Since the anchor blocks 13–13 are arranged closely adjacent to the rear of the plane iron passage in the reinforcing plate, it is obvious that a maximum of resistance to strains is adorded at this point, whereby the frog, top iron and stock 1 are securely braced at a point close to the mouth or cutter passage.

From the foregoing it will be observed that the plane of stress of the clamping screw or screws is always within the zone of resistance against upward movement of the means for holding the anchoring device, and it is also apparent that the plane of stress of said clamping screws is in advance of the rear fulcrum of the frog, hence the frog cannot by any possibility yield and chatter by any upward pressure applied to the front portion of the frog, as when the plane is in use.

What I claim is:

In a plane of the character described, a wood stock having a cutter passage extending through the same from the top to the bottom at a point intermediate its ends, an anchoring means rigidly embedded in said stock close to the rear of said cutter passage, means for holding said anchoring means from movement in any direction in said stock, a frog mounted on said stock at the rear of said cutter passage, and a clamping screw passing through said frog and arranged to screw into said anchoring means, said frog having a longitudinally slotted passage for said clamping screw to permit adjustment fore and aft, the plane of stress of said clamping screw being with-
in the zone of resistance to upward movement of the anchor holding means and forward of the rear fulcrum of said frog.

EDMUND A. SCHADE.

Witnesses:
I. W. CHAPMAN,
W. J. WORAM.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,026,636 – Plane (Christian Bodmer) (1912)

[paiddownloads id=”683″]1026636

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHRISTIAN BODMER, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE &
LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

1,026,636. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented May 14, 1912.
Application filed July 26, 1911. Serial No. 640,618.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHRISTIAN BODMER, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full clear and exact description.

My invention relates to an improvement in planes, the object of the invention being to provide a simple and efficient plane construction which may be used for the purpose of accurately truing up or squaring up the edges of boards. Where heretofore various more or less complex constructions, including separate attachments, have been provided in conjunction with plane bodies for accomplishing this purpose, in the present invention the plane body itself is of unique construction, being integral throughout, the handle portion being so arranged that the pressure applied to the plane is in such a direction relatively to the work being done that said plane naturally seeks a true position upon the board being planed.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a plan view of the plane complete, ready for use and practically full size. Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is a front end elevation.

The frame is made of a single body casting and comprises two right-angle side fianges 1–2, which furnish the two right-angle bearing faces 1a–2a respectively. The flange 1 is continued upwardly at its front end to form an inclined and rearwardly facing thumb-rest 3. To the rear of the thumb-rest 3 and back of the middle line of the plane is a palm-rest 4 formed by a cross-web or flange set at an angle on the upper end of flange 1 and projecting above flange 2. This palm-rest is bulged to conform to the palm of the hand, so that the position of the hand upon the plane body will be such that pressure applied will cause both bearing surfaces 1a–2a to press uniformly upon the surface and edge of the board being planed. Upon the outer side of the plane is supported at a proper angle a cutter 5. The side flange 1 is provided with a throat, preferably oblique, in which throat the cutting edge of the plane iron or cutter 5 stands.

6 is a cap detachably held at the middle by the usual screw 7. 8 is a clamp screw at the rear of the cap, for causing said cap to properly engage the cutter to hold it tightly upon its support and in its properly adjusted position. The palm-rest 4 is preferably connected with the flange 2 by means of flanges or ribs 9–10, formed by widening the ends of the cross-web and which serve to rigidly hold the two flanges against distortion.

11 is a lug to support the cutter at its side edge to prevent it from turning during the progress of the work. The width of the cutter is such that it extends the full width of the bearing surface 1a.

12 is a reinforcing rib, which bridges the plane body at the end of the throat in which the cutter stands, so as to stiffen the same at this otherwise weakened point, due to forming the throat. The rib 12 is preferably extended around the forward end of the plane and also rearwardly back to the bulged palm support or bearing.

What I claim is :–

1. As an article of manufacture, a one-piece metal casting forming the body of a plane and comprising a work collocating tool guiding flange and a slotted tool carrying flange extending therefrom and forming a right angle, and an integral palm rest arranged at the rear end of said casting extending outwardly from and obliquely to the line of junction of said flanges and formed by a cross-web or fiange set at an angle on the upper edge of the tool carrying flange and which projects above the first mentioned flange.

2. As an article of manufacture, a one-piece metal casting forming the body of a plane and comprising a work collocating tool guiding flange and a slotted tool carrying flange extending therefrom and forming a right angle, and an integral palm rest arranged at the rear end of said casting extending outwardly from and obliquely to the line of junction of said flanges and formed by a cross-web or flange set at an angle on the upper edge of the tool carrying flange and which projects above the first mentioned flange, the ends of said web being widened to form flanges across the latter flange.

CHRISTIAN BODMER.

Witnesses:
JOSEPH M. HANCE,
CLARENCE L. BENEDICT.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,026,053 – Router-Plane Cutter (Thomas Benjamin Saner) (1912)

[paiddownloads id=”682″]1026053

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

THOMAS BENJAMIN SANER, OF CLIFTON, ARIZONA, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE &
LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

ROUTER-PLANE CUTTER.

_________________

1,026,053. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented May 14, 1912.
Application filed December 19, 1911. Serial No. 666,763.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS B. SANER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Clifton, county of Graham, State of Arizona, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Router-Plane Cutters, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in router planes, and consists principally in an improved form of cutter therefor.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of a router plane with my improved cutter in place. Fig. 2 is a central vertical section. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the cutter foot, the shank being in section.

1 represents the main body of a router plane, the particular form of which is immaterial.

2 represents an upright cutter support or guide preferably provided with a screw thread 3 and an adjusting nut 4.

5 is the shank of the cutter.

6 is the foot of the cutter. The foot of the cutter projects forwardly and is pointed, as at 7. Leading back from the point 7 are two beveled inclines 8–8 on the top side of the foot, thereby forming two sharp cutting edges. The underside of the foot is, as shown in Fig. 2, pointed downwardly slightly, so that the toe end or point 7 will easily enter the wood to be cut. The guide 2 extends well down to the heel of the plane iron, as shown in sectional View Fig. 2; hence, the plane iron is given a powerful support throughout its length.

9 is a clamp, of any suitable form, for securing the cutter to the support 2. A part of the nut A projects into a notch at the back of the shank 5 of the cutter, so that as the nut is screwed up and down, the cutter will be correspondingly moved to vary the position of the point 7 of the cutter relatively to the sole of the plane.

As will be seen, in a cutter such as described, when the same is used in routing the material which is to be worked upon, an easy entrance into the material is guaranteed by the point 7. A double draw cut, which is the most effective in operation, is likewise secured by forming the point 7 substantially midway between the side edges of the foot 6. This arrangement has the further advantage of preventing any tendency toward deflecting that might otherwise exist. Again, when working across the grain, I have found by the use of this new type of cutter, all tendency to tear the wood is avoided. It is preferable that that part of the underside of the foot or toe immediately to the rear of the point 7 should be formed in a plane only slightly oblique to the sole of the plane body.

What I claim is:

In a cutter for a rabbet plane, a shank portion, a foot portion at the lower end of said shank portion and extending at an angle thereto, the toe of said foot portion being pointed, the opposite oblique sides of said foot being beveled on the top to form two oppositely arranged cutting edges, the underside of the toe immediately to the rear of the pointed cutting end being formed in a plane only slightly oblique to the sole of the plane body with which said cutter may be used whereby the two opposite side cutting edges and the pointed cutting end will lie in a substantially horizontal working plane.

THOMAS BENJAMIN SANER.

Witnesses:
EARL E. EATON,
H. W. EDWARDS.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,021,369 – Plane (Thomas A. Manley) (1912)

[paiddownloads id=”681″]1021369

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

THOMAS A. MANLEY, OF AUBURN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO OHIO TOOL COMPANY, OF AUBURN, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

PLANE.

_________________

1,021,369. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Mar. 26, 1912.
Application filed January 18, 1912. Serial No. 671,879.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS A. MANLEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Auburn, in the county of Cayuga and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in planes, and has for its object to provide novel, simple, convenient and effective means for adjusting the plane-frog longitudinally for facilitating the setting of the bit or plane iron in different positions in the throat of the plane body.

A further object is to provide novel and simple means for locking the frog after the same has been adjusted. And a particular object of the invention is to provide convenient and effective means for adjusting and locking the frog without disturbing the plane iron and related parts.

The various features and parts and the operation of the same, will be fully set forth in the detailed description which follows, illustrated in the accompanying drawing, and then particularly pointed out in the claims.

Figure 1 is a side elevation and part section of my complete plane. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section, taken on line 2–2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-section, taken on line 3–3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section similar to Fig. 2; showing a modification of the locking and adjusting means. Fig. 5 is a vertical cross-section, taken on line 5–5 of Fig. 4.

Similar characters of reference designate like parts throughout the several views.

In the drawing, 2 represents the body of the plane, 3 the sole, 4 the throat or mouth, and 5 the cheeks or lateral guards which are formed integral with the body. The rear side or edge of the throat 4 is formed sharp and thin, and then the metal inclines upwardly and rearwardly at a slight angle for forming a smooth bearing surface 6 which extends across the upper side of the sole 3, to receive a correspondingly formed forwardly projecting portion 7 of the frog 8. The frog 3 consists of an irregularly shaped casting or part having a rearwardly and upwardly inclining top surface 9, for receiving and supporting the plane iron or bit 10, and having a substantially plain horizontal bottom 11, which bears and slides upon a comparatively long elevated step or portion 12, preferably an integral part of the body of the plane. The elevation or seat 12 is disposed a short distance rearwardly of the inclined bearing 6, and its top surface lies in a higher plane than the said bearing. The under side of the frog is correspondingly shaped, so that when the bottom 11 of the frog rests upon the elevation 12, the forward end 7 approaches close to the sloping surface 6. 13 represents like inwardly facing angular ribs or tongues formed horizontally on the cheek pieces 5, directly above the opposite side-edges of the elevated bearing 12, and 14 represents hollow corners or grooves formed in the opposite bottom corners of the frog, the said hollow corners preferably being formed right-angled, so as to clear the ribs 13 when the frog is moved to and fro over the body of the plane. The tongues or ribs 13 are triangular in cross-section, and preferably extend the length of the elevated bearing 12, and they are disposed parallel to said bearing, so that the frog, when operatively connected with the tongues, may be freely moved forward and backward in a true and level plane. The tongues 13 are of sufficient length and strength to effectually hold the frog from chattering while the plane is in operation.

To hold the frog 8 in place on the base 2, and yet allow said part to be freely moved to and fro for adjusting the cutting-blade or bit 10 relatively to the throat 4, the underside of the frog is provided with a broad transverse dove-tail groove or slot 15, in which is operatively fitted a pair of correspondingly shaped keys or locking members 16–17. The keys 16–17 are disposed end to end, in the slot or way 15, and their combined length is slightly less than the breadth of the bearing surface 12 beneath the tongues or guides 13, the outer ends of the keys 16–17 then project beyond each side of the bottom of the frog, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. The outer ends of the keys 16–17 are beveled to correspond to the under-cut sides of the tongues 13 (see Fig. 3). The abutting ends of the keys 16–17 are provided with transverse concaves 18, the said concaves tapering toward the forward end of the frog.

19 represents a set-screw having a tapering point 19′ extending beyond the threads, the said point being tapered to correspond to the concaves 18 of the keys. The set-screw 19 passes through a threaded hole 20 formed in the rear portion of the frog (see Figs. 1 and 2), the hole 20 being arranged to bring the set or locking screw 19 into coincidence with the abutting ends of the keys 16–17. When the keys 16–17 are brought together, the opposite concaves 18 form a tapering hole corresponding to the tapering point 19′ of the set-screw. In practice, the length of the tapering end of the screw 19 is such that its point 19′ normally projects part way into the tapering hole 18 between the ends of the keys. To lock the frog in any adjusted position the wedge screw 19 is driven inwardly until its tapering end 19′ spreads and forces the keys 16–17 in opposite directions against the beveled under-sides of the tongues or ribs 13 (see Fig. 3). Any desired pressure or tension may be produced by means of the wedging of the screw 19 between the abutting ends of the keys 16–17. The said keys are preferably broad enough to insure a firm bearing beneath and against the tongues 13, and will hold the frog rigidly in place. By the provision of the beveled ends of the keys 16–17, when the screw 19 is driven inwardly for spreading said keys, they exert a downward pressure which forces and holds the frog rigidly against the bearing surfaces of the elevated seat 12. When the keys are made as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, they are not liable to wear seats in the under-side of the ribs 13, which will interfere with the line and accurate adjustment of the frog. In practice the key 16 is made longer than the key 17, so as to bring the abutting ends (18) to one side of the longitudinal center of the body 2. Under this arrangement the screw 19 may be readily manipulated without interference by the handle 21 or the bit adjusting-screw 22.

To assemble the frog and plane body, the frog is inserted between the cheeks 5 just forwardly of the tongues 13, and when brought to the proper position the projecting beveled outer-ends of the keys 16–17 may be entered underneath the tongues 13, after which the frog may be moved rearwardly until brought to the desired position. In constructing the plane body and the frog, the tongues 13 and the hollow-corners 14 are arranged so that the bottom 11 of the frog will rest firmly upon the upper surface of the elevated seat 12.

To adjust the frog to and fro longitudinally, I provide an adjusting screw 25 which enters a threaded hole 26 in the rear side of the frog 8 above the bottom 11. The screw 25 is preferably positioned at one side of the longitudinal center of the plane, so as to facilitate adjusting the frog without interference by the handle 21 or other parts of the plane. The screw 25 is held from longitudinal movement by means of a yoke 27 which forms the upright arm of an L-shaped bracket 28 which is mounted upon the upper side or face of the sole 3, by means of a screw or pin 29. The screw 25 has a circumferential groove 25′ to receive the yoke 27. When the screw 25 is turned in either direction by hand or by means of a screw-driver, it will move the frog to and fro longitudinally on the base 2. The provision of the guide tongues 13 and the corresponding beveled keys 16–17 will prevent vertical movement of the frog, as well as, lateral and longitudinal rocking of said part relative to the base, and this arrangement also insures the smooth, free and true horizontal movement of the frog on the elevated bearing surface 12. The provision and arrangement of the tongues 13 and the locking keys or members 16–17 will also effectually obviate the chattering of the bit when the plane is operated over hard or burly wood.

Figs. 4 and 5 illustrate a modification of the adjusting and locking parts, and also a slight modification of the form and arrangement of the bottom of the frog 8′. The lower side corners of the frog 8′ are provided with annular grooves 14′, which conform to the shape of the tongues 13′ (see Fig. 5). The locking means comprise apair of like round keys or pins 30 and 31 which are loosely disposed in a hole 32 which passes transversely through the lower portion of the frog. The outer ends of the pins or keys 30 and 31 are beveled to correspond to the under-out sides of the guide ribs 13′, and their combined length is slightly less than the distance between the ribs 13′, for permitting endwise adjustment, the same as the keys 16–17. The keys 30 and 31 are preferably the same length, and their inner ends meet at the transverse center o-f the frog. The abutting ends 33 of the keys 30–31 are formed concave, and taper forwardly, similar to the construction shown and described for the keys 16–17. To lock the frog 8′ from longitudinal movement, I provide a screw 34 which enters a threaded hole 35 formed centrally in the rear-part of the frog 8′. The inner end of the screw 34 is provided with a tapering point 36, which is arranged to enter the tapering concaves arranged in the abutting ends of the keys 30 and 31 for wedging them apart. When the screw 34 is driven inwardly the point 36 spreads the keys 30–31 and forces said keys laterally for tightly engaging the underside of the ribs 13′. When the screw 34 is driven tightly between the keys, the frog 8′ will be held from longitudinal movement. The arrangement of the dove-tail tongues 13′ and the similar grooves 14′ is such that, the frog cannot be moved vertically until it is withdrawn free from the ribs. To adjust the frog 8′ to different positions longitudinally, the screw 34 is first loosened up, and then the frog may be shifted to and fro, and set in the desired position, by hand.

The plane iron or bit 10 is provided with the usual guard plate 37, and is held in place by a cap 38, which is fitted with the usual clamping part 39.

40 represents a screw carried by the frog for engaging the cap 38. The adjusting screw 22 is employed for shifting the plane iron longitudinally on the frog, and a lever 41 is employed for adjusting the plane iron laterally.

The locking means comprising the keys and the wedge screws are extremely simple, yet affording powerful means for locking the frog to the frame. When these parts are properly made and assembled, but a slight movement of the screws 19 and 34 in either direction will effect the rigid locking or the unlocking and freeing of the frog. The broad keys 16–17 cooperating with the side ribs 13 tend to steady the frog during its forward and backward movements. The disposition of the screws 19 and 25 at or near the sides of the plane render the locking and adjusting parts conveniently accessible, and in view of the location and arrangement of these parts the locking and adjusting of the frog may be accomplished without disturbing the plane-iron or any other part.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. In a plane, the combination with a sole having a throat and an elevated seat arranged rearwardly of said throat, of a frog having a plane bottom adapted to rest and slide upon said seat, said frog having longitudinal grooves formed in its opposite bottom corners, a pair of angular tongues carried by the body of the plane, said tongues received by said grooves, and adjustable means carried by said frog adapted to engage said tongues for guiding and locking said frog.

2. In a plane, the combination with a sole having a throat and an elevated seat arranged rearwardly of said throat, of a frog having a plane bottom adapted to rest and slide upon said seat, said frog having longitudinal grooves formed in its opposite bottom corners, a pair of angular tongues carried by the body of the plane, said tongues received by said grooves, adjustable means carried by said frog adapted to engage said tongues for guiding said frog, and a screw cooperating with said means for locking said frog rigidly to the elevated seat.

3. In a plane, the combination with a sole having a throat and an elevated seat arranged rearwardly of said throat, of a frog having a plane bottom adapted to rest an slide upon said seat, said frog having longitudinal grooves formed in its opposite bottom corners, a pair of angular tongues carried by the body of the plane, said tongues received by said grooves, adjustable means carried by said frog adapted to engage said tongues for guiding and locking said frog, and a swivel-screw for adjusting said frog to different positions on said sole.

4. In a plane, the combination with a sole having spaced cheek pieces and having an elevated seat between said cheek pieces, of horizontal guide-ribs formed on the inner sides of said cheek pieces above and parallel to the said seat, a frog having a plane bottom slidable upon said seat, the opposite lower corners of said frog cut away to clear said ribs, a pair of keys disposed end to end in a transverse slot formed in the bottom of said frog, said keys having their outer ends beveled to pass under and to engage said ribs, and a tapering screw for spreading said keys apart for locking the frog to said ribs.

5. In a plane, the combination of a sole having a transverse throat and an inclined bearing adjacent the throat, and having an elevated seat adjacent the inclined bearing, triangular ribs formed above and parallel to the said elevated seat, a frog having a plane bottom surface adapted to engage and slide upon said elevated seat between said ribs, said frog having portions out-away for clearing said ribs, and a pair of transversely movable keys carried by said frog adapted to engage said ribs for guiding and also for locking said frog.

6. In a plane, the combination of a frame comprising a sole and spaced cheek pieces, a raised seat formed on the sole between the cheek pieces, an inwardly facing tongue carried by each cheek piece disposed horizontally above said raised seat, said tongues having their facing sides under-cut, a frog slidable on the said raised seat between the said tongues, but free from said tongues, transversely movable keys carried by the frog having beveled outer ends adapted to slide beneath the under-out sides of said tongues for guiding said frog when moved to and fro on said seat, and a wedge-screw carried by said frog adapted to force and hold said keys against said tongues for locking said frog from movement in any direction.

7. In a plane, the combination with a body having an integral elevated seat lying between like cheeks projecting upwardly on its opposite sides, and ribs formed on the inner sides of said cheeks and overhanging said elevated seat, said ribs disposed parallel to the said elevated seat and also to the sole of the body, of a frog having a plane bottom surface adapted to engage and slide upon the said elevated seat, said frog having its opposite bottom corners. cut-away to receive said ribs, and means carried by said frog adapted to engage said ribs for holding said frog from vertical movement.

8. In a plane, the combination of a frame comprising a sole and spaced cheek pieces, a raised seat formed on the sole between the cheek pieces, an inwardly facing; tongue carried by each cheek piece disposed horizontally above said raised seat, said tongues having their facing sides under-cut, a frog slidable on the said raised seat between the said tongues, but free from said tongues, transversely movable keys carried by the frog adapted to slide beneath the under-cut sides of said tongues for guiding said frog when moved to and fro on said seat, a wedge-screw carried by said frog adapted to force and hold said keys against said tongues for locking said frog from movement in any direction, and a swivel-screw for adjusting said frog to different positions in the said frame.

9. In a plane, the combination with a body having an integral elevated seat, said body having like cheeks projecting upwardly on its opposite sides, and ribs formed on the inner sides of said cheeks and overhanging said elevated seat, said ribs disposed parallel to the said elevated seat and also to the sole of the body, of a frog having a plane bottom surface adapted to engage and slide upon the said elevated seat, said frog having its opposite bottom corners cut-away to receive said ribs, means carried by said frog adapted to engage said ribs for guiding said frog during its longitudinal movements, and means for adjusting said frog to different positions on said elevated seat.

10. In a plane, the combination of a body having vertically disposed lateral guards, ribs carried by the inner faces of said guards, said ribs arranged parallel to the sole of said body, an elevated step disposed beneath and parallel to said ribs, a frog having a substantially flat bottom adapted to rest and slide upon said elevated step, the opposite sides of said frog cut-away to clear said ribs, transversely disposed keys carried by said frog, the outer ends of said keys projecting beyond said frog adapted to engage the under-cut edges of said keys for holding said frog firmly upon said step, said keys and said ribs cooperating for guiding said frog when moved to and fro on said body, and a wedge-screw carried by said frog adapted for spreading said keys for rigidly locking said frog to the said ribs.

11. In a plane, the combination of a sole having a transverse throat and an inclined bearing adjacent the throat, and having an elevated seat adjacent the inclined bearing, triangular ribs disposed above and parallel to the said seat, a frog having a plane bottom surface adapted to engage and slide upon said seat between said ribs, a pair of keys carried by said frog adapted to engage said ribs for guiding and also for locking said frog, and a screw for adjusting said frog to different positions relative to said throat.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

THOMAS A. MANLEY.

Witnesses:
G. W. BAYNON,
N. L. CASEY.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,012,591 – Plane (Christian Bodmer And Edmund A. Schade) (1911)

[paiddownloads id=”680″]1012591

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHRISTIAN BODMER AND EDMUND A. SCHADE, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNORS TO THE
STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY , OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

1,012,591. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Dec. 26, 1911.
Application filed July 28, 1911. Serial No. 641,094.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, CHRISTIAN BODMER and EDMUND A. SCHADE, citizens of the United States, residing at New Britain, county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

Our invention relates to a new type of plane adapted to a wide range of work but especially adapted to enable the user to form shallow mortises for hinges, lock face plates, latch strike-plates and the like, with the greatest ease and accuracy. The tool is also designed in such manner that hinge mortises in the jamb and on the edge of a door may be formed without the necessity of using a butt gage, since the plane is equipped with a gage that obviates the use of a separate instrument for the marking out of the mortises. The construction is also such that a mortise may be readily formed in a rabbeted door jamb close to the face of the strike or stop, while the cutter arrangement and length of the plane allows of the forming of a mortise from one and a half inches in length to six inches in length, and also within a few inches, for example, five inches, of the upper casing or lower sill of a door casing. By a very simple adjustment, mortises longer than six inches may be made. The plane may also be used to advantage as a router, and, in the particular form shown herein, can effectively work two inches below the sole of the tool, thus giving a greater range of effective operation than possible with the ordinary router plane. With this outline, it will be seen that the plane is capable of a wide range of usefulness.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a side elevation of the plane. Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof. Fig. 3 is a section on the line x–x, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a side elevation of a detail. Fig. 5 is a section on the line y–y Fig. 4, looking up. Fig. 6 is a plan view of the cutter detached.

1–1a represent the two end sections of the sole of the plane.

2 is a connecting arch extending vertically from the plane of the sole sections 1–1a.

3 is a connecting arch extending horizontally from the sole sections 1–1a.

4 is a chip clearance passage between the arches 2–3.

5 is an upwardly extending tubular guide sleeve located above the arch 2.

6–6a are oppositely facing handles mounted on the two end sections 1–1a of the sole.

7–7a are bosses screw-threaded to receive horizontally extending guide rods 8–8a, when it is desired to use a gage.

9 represents a side gage having sleeves 10–10a arranged to slide upon the rods 8–8a respectively. The lower side of the arch 3 is smoothed off to form a continuation of the two sole sections 1–1a and to give a bearing of substantial width.

12 is a cutter connected to the lower end of an adjustable and slidable carrier post 13. This carrier post is mounted to slide up and down in the guide sleeve 5. The upper end of the carrier 13 is threaded and is provided with an adjustable stop 14 threaded thereon so that by rotating said stop, the downward projection of the carrier post 13 and cutter is limited.

15 is a spring arranged to press the carrier post 13 downwardly. In the preferred arrangement, this spring 15 is coiled around said post and rests at its upper end underneath the arch 2 and at its lower end against a washer 16, which may be rigidly connected to said post 13.

17 is a set screw which enters the guide sleeve 5 laterally, the inner end bearing against the carrier post 13 so that by setting up on said set-screw said post and cutter may be held against sliding movement up and down.

In the particular form shown, it will be seen that the side of the cutter carrier post 13 is provided with a plurality of longitudinal grooves 18–18.

19 is a spline carried by the guide 5, and in this instance hinged so as to be operated by a finger piece 20, said spline being suitably spring-pressed, as by a spring 21, to hold the spline projected into one of the grooves 18. In this instance, the spline and grooves are so placed that the cutting edge of the cutter 12 may be projected toward either end of the plane or laterally in either direction relative thereto. The cutter is preferably detachably connected to the carrier post 13 and is also preferably pitched downward at a slight angle. In this instance, the cutter has its upper surface cross-knurled, the lower end of the guide 13 being correspondingly knurled, so that by the aid of a fastening screw 22, said cutter may be rigidly secured to the lower end of the carrier post. As shown in Fig. 4, the cutter may have two screw passages, whereby, when the forward or cutting edge of the cutter, is worn back, the connection of the cutter to the carrier may be effected by passing the screw 22 through the second or rearmost screw passage.

In forming an ordinary shallow mortise for a hinge strike-plate or lock face-plate, incisions may be made by an ordinary chisel to determine merely the end lines of such a mortise. The gage 9 may be properly set and the cutter carrier post properly set so that it will project the cutter to the desired depth of said mortise, and no more. This being determined, the tool is then applied to the wood, and is preferably started close to the end line of the mortise facing the cutting edge of the cutter. A short chip is then taken. The operator works the plane back step by step until by taking out a succession of short chips he approaches the opposite end line of the mortise, whereupon, by pressing in on the finger-piece 20, the spline 19 is retracted and the cutter may be reversed to the position opposite from that shown in Fig. 1, whereupon the balance of the mortise may be formed without reversin the position of the plane on the piece being cut. During this operation, the cutter yieldingly engages the wood by reason of the spring pressure of spring 15, and will cut down to a depth corresponding to the desired depth of the mortise, at which depth it will be checked by the stop 14 aforesaid. When at the limit of this depth, the bottom of the mortise may be smoothed off by long strokes, so as to properly receive the part to be applied therein. By making the cutter carrier post 13 itself reversible, it is possible to work the tool in either direction in forming a mortise, without disturbing the position of the guide, and hence preserving the proper position of the cutter relatively to the mortise being formed. When the tool is to be used as a router, in some instances it is desirable to shift the tool so that the cutter will stand at right angles to the position shown in Fig. 1. This may be easily accomplished by releasing the spline 19 and shifting said carrier post 13 to the proper position. For routing at considerable depth, it may be desirable to lock the cutter post firmly against vertical movement. This may be accomplished by setting down upon the screw 17.

Obviously, cutters 12 of varying width may be substituted, depending upon the particular work to be performed and the character of wood to be operated upon.

In the above and in a variety of other ways, a mechanic skilled in the art of wood working will find this tool exceedingly useful and capable of performing, quickly and accurately, work which no other tool of the plane type is capable of performing.

What we claim is:

1. In a plane, two oppositely faced connected sole sections, an arch connecting said sections, a reversible cutter carrier, a guide in said arch for said cutter carrier, and means to permit said cutter carrier to move up and down in said guide during the operation of the plane, and disengageable means to hold said carrier against rotation at such times.

2. In a plane, two oppositely faced connected sole sections, an arch connecting said sections, a cutter carrier, a guide in said arch for said cutter carrier, means to permit said cutter carrier to yield longitudinally, said means including a spring for forcing said cutter carrier downwardly.

3. In a plane, two oppositely faced connected sole sections, an arch connecting said sections, a cutter carrier, a guide in said arch for said cutter carrier, means to permit said cutter carrier to yield longitudinally, said means including a spring for forcing said cutter carrier downwardly, and an adjusting stop coacting with said cutter carrier to check said downward movement.

4. In a plane, two oppositely arranged connected sole sections, an arch connecting said sections, an adjustable and reversible cutter carrier in said arch, and a cutter mounted on said carrier in the archway of said arch and a second arch horizontally arranged and constituting a continuation of said sole sections.

5. In a plane, two oppositely arranged connected sole sections, an arch connecting said sections, an adjustable and reversible cutter carrier in said arch, a cutter mounted on said carrier in the archway of said arch, a guide in said arch for said cutter carrier in which said cutter carrier is slidably mounted to permit said cutter to move up and down, and a spring operating to move said cutter in a downward direction and a stop to limit the downward movement of said carrier.

6. In a plane, two oppositely arranged connected sole sections, an arch connecting said sections, an adjustable and reversible cutter carrier in said arch, a cutter mounted on said carrier in the archway of said arch, a guide in said arch for said cutter carrier in which said cutter carrier is slidably mounted to permit said cutter to move up and down, a spring operating to move said cutter in a downward direction, and an adjustable stop mounted on the upper part of said carrier.

7. In a plane, two oppositely arranged connected sole sections, an arch connecting said sections, an adjustable and reversible cutter carrier in said arch, a cutter mounted on said carrier in the archway of said arch, a guide in said arch for said cutter carrier in which said cutter carrier is slidably mounted to permit said cutter to move up and down, a spring operating to move said cutter in a downward direction, an adjustable stop mounted on the upper part of said carrier, and a set screw in said guide to lock said carrier against movement.

8. In a plane, two oppositely arranged connected sole sections, an arch connecting said sections, an adjustable cutter carrier in said arch, a cutter mounted on said carrier in the archway of said arch, and a second arch horizontally arranged and constituting a continuation of said sole sections.

9. In a plane, two oppositely arranged connected sole sections, an arch connecting said sections, an adjustable cutter carrier in said arch, a cutter mounted on said carrier in the archway of said arch, a second arch horizontally arranged and constituting a continuation of said sole sections, and means for connecting a substantially flat cutter to the lower end of said carrier at an angle slightly out of the plane of the bottom of the sole sections.

CHRISTIAN BODMER.
EDMUND A. SCHADE.

Witnesses:
JOSEPH M. HANCE,
TREDICK K. HINE.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 992,392 – Woodworking-Tool (John Tucholski And Antoni Edmond Koziczenski) (1911)

[paiddownloads id=”679″]992392

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN TUCHOLSKI AND ANTONI EDMOND KOZICZENSKI, OF RACINE, WISCONSIN.

WOODWORKING-TOOL.

_________________

992,392. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented May 16, 1911.
Application filed April 30, 1910. Serial No. 558,576.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOHN TUCHOLSKI and ANTONI EDMOND KOZICZENSKI, both citizens of the United States, and residents of Racine, in the county of Racine and State of Wisconsin, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Woodworking-Tools; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

Our invention consists in what is herein particularly set forth with reference to the accompanying drawings and pointed out in the claim of this specification, its object being to provide simple, economical and efficient tools of the spoke-shave species designed to facilitate smoothing, rabbeting and molding work without injury to operators, as well as to provide for accurate gaging of width of cut in rabbeting and molding operations, whether said tools be drawn or pushed by their operators as the grain of the wood worked upon may require.

Figure 1 of the drawings represents a front elevation of a wood-working tool in accordance with our invention having a wedge clamping screw thereof partly broken away, and in this view the cutting of a rabbet is illustrated; Fig. 2, a plan view of the tool; Fig. 3, a similar view of the same reversed, and Fig. 4, a transverse section of said tool indicated by 4–4 in Fig. 2.

Referring by numerals to the drawings, 5 indicates the central stock, and 6 each of the oppositely extending handles of our improved tool said stock and handles being preferably cast together in one piece. The sole 7 is a central depending extension of the stock, whereby more than ordinary clearance is had under the handles, in order to prevent injury to the hands of an operator and to avoid marring of the work adjacent to a out of said tool, especially when the same is used upon curved work.

A longitudinal slot is provided in the forward portion of the stock through a depending flange 8 of the same, the under extremity of this flange being approximately flush with the sole, and said stock is provided with an angular bit and wedge opening such as is common in planes of various species. The bit 9, wedge 10 and clamp screws 11, 12 for the same herein shown, are also common in the art.

Matching the preferably beveled rear edge of the sole 7, we show hook-ends 13 of gage-bars 14, and each of these bars is provided with a socket-stud 15 that engages the slot 16 of the forward flanged portion of the tool-stock. The contour of each gage-bar stud and the tool-stock slot is such that there is wedging fit of one within the other, and a clamp-screw 17 is employed in engagement with said stud to draw and hold the same in said slot, the gage-bar being adjustable longitudinally of the sole (across which it extends) in proportion to the width of cut desired on the part of the bit in rabbeting or molding operations. By the employment of a pair of gage-bars, as is herein shown, adjusted equi-distant from the sides of the opposing sole, the tool may be drawn or pushed by an operator when cutting rabbets or moldings according as the grain of the wood worked upon is found to run one way or the other, said tool being turned about from time to time to change the cutting direction of its bit.

A straight edge bit being employed, as herein shown, the width of a rabbet may be accurately determined by an adjustment of one or both of the gage-bars 14, and the cutting of the rabbet can be more rapidly and accurately effected than is possible by chiseling. For smooth-work or wide molding, the gage-bars are omitted from the tool and said tool manipulated similar to those of the ordinary spoke-shave species, but to greater advantage because of the clearance afforded for the hands of the operator as above specified.

We claim:

In a woodworking tool of the spoke-shave species, the combination with its central stock having a forward depending and longitudinally slotted flange the under extremity of which is approximately flush with the sole of said stock, a gage-bar that crosses the aforesaid sole and has matching hook engagement with the same at the rear thereof, a socket-stud that extends from the gage-bar and has wedging fit with the slot of the stock-flange, and a clamp-screw engaging the stud.

In testimony that we claim the foregoing we have hereunto set our hands at Racine in the county of Racine and State of Wisconsin in the presence of two witnesses.

JOHN TUCHOLSKI.
ANTONI EDMOND KOZICZENSKI.

Witnesses:
CHRISTIAN JOHNSON,
MICHAEL OKOLEURKI.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 987,081 – Plane (Edmund A. Schade) (1911)

[paiddownloads id=”678″]987081

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

EDMUND A. SCHADE, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

987,081. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Mar. 14, 1911.
Application filed December 27, 1910. Serial No. 599,481.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDMUND A. SCHADE, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to an improved frog adjustment for a bench plane, whereby the frog, which is the means for supporting the plane iron, may be readily adjusted to and fro, and which, when locked in position, is rigidly held in such a manner as to reduce to a minimum any chance of slippage or displacement.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a plane showing my improved adjustment. Fig. 2 is a section on the plane of the line x–x, Fig. 1, looking from left to right. Figs. 3, 4 and 5 are detail views. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section of part of a plane of slightly modified construction from that shown in Fig. 1, my invention being applied thereto. Fig. 7 is a cross section on the line y–y of Fig. 6, looking from right to left. Fig. 8 is a longitudinal section of a part of a plane of another modified form. Fig. 9 is a cross section on the line z–z Fig. 8, looking from left to right. Fig. 10 is a longitudinal section illustrating still another modification. Fig. 11 is a cross section thereof on the line w–w looking from right to left.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 5, 1 represents a sole of an iron bench-plane which may be, as to general details, of conventional form. 2 is a frog bearing, in this particular instance formed on an incline directly to the rear of the throat 3. 4 is a frog adjustably mounted on the support 2 for movement to and fro relatively to the throat 3. 5 is a plane iron. 6 is a cap of conventional form and by which the plane iron may be clamped to the frog 4. The invention in this case resides primarily in the means for adjustably securing the frog 4 to the frog support 2. In this instance the frog is provided with two longitudinal slots or passages 7 in which stand clamping or gripping studs 8–8. These studs are headed, the headed portions standing above the slots, the opposite ends projecting down into cavities or recesses in the support 2. Each stud is transversely recessed toward its lower end, as indicated at 9. 10 is what I will term a cam stud, there being one for each gripping stud 8. The cam studs are arranged in the support 2, suitable bores being provided therefor, the rear ends of said studs being arranged to receive a suitable tool, for example, a screw driver, the forward end of each cam stud being provided with an eccentric projection or cam 11. This cam 11 projects into the recess 9 of the respective gripping stud. 12 is a slot in the side of each cam stud. Entering from the side of the plane is a locking screw 14, the same being so arranged relatively to the slotted portion 11 of the cam stud that the forward ends of each screw 14 will engage the wall at the base of the recess 12 at one side of, or eccentric to, the axis of the cam stud.

In the operation of the parts thus far described, it will be seen that by rotating the cam stud in the proper direction, the cam 11 will engage with the wall at the lower end of the recess 9 in the gripping stud so that said gripping stud will be pulled down into firm gripping engagement with the frog 4. To give a further set to the cam and to guarantee against disengagement, the screw 14 may be turned in until its nose engages eccentrically said cam stud, tending to turn it in a direction to increase the tension of the cam on the gripping stud and also preventing any rotation of the cam stud in a reverse direction to release said gripping stud. I have found, by this means, that the frog may be very quickly and easily adjusted, and, at the same time, when locked in position, is held with exceeding rigidity.

In the other views I have shown slight modifications. For example, in Figs. 6 and 7 I have shown the frog 4a as mounted upon a support 2a having a two-point bearing for the frog. In this case as before, the frog is held by means of gripping studs 8a operated by cam studs 10a which are in turn controlled by screws 14a.

In Figs. 8 and 9 I have shown a modification in which instead of providing the gripping studs 8 for holding the frog to its seat, I have provided the frog 4b with a plate-like extension 8b which is preferably cast into the frog, so as to be a permanent part thereof, said plate 8b having passages to receve the cam ends 11b of the cam studs 10b. In this case, as previously, the side screws 14b may be employed to cooperate with the cam studs for the same purpose as before.

In Figs. 10 and 11 I have shown a modification more particularly of the construction shown in Fig. 8 in that instead of anchoring the aforesaid plate in the frog, I have anchored a similar plate in the frog support. In these views, 8c represents said plate anchored in the support 2c, and in this case the cam studs 10c are carried in passages in the rear of the frog 4c, the cam ends 11c engaging the walls of the slot in the plate 8c in the same manner as the cam ends 11b engage the walls of the slot in the plate 8b, shown in Figs. 8 and 9. Here again take-up screws are employed, the same being indicated at 14c. In this case the take-up screws are carried by threaded bores in the sides of the frog, suitable windows or clearance openings 15 being provided in the cheek pieces of the plane to permit a screw driver to be entered sufficiently to engage the slotted ends of said screws 14c for the purpose of operating the same.

In both forms of devices shown in Figs. 8 to 11, a suitable clearance space is provided for the plates 8b and 8c respectively whereby there may be a relative movement between said plate and the part carrying the cam screw. In these cases, the cam ends 11b and 11c respectively should be of sufficient length to engage the plates 8b and 8c respectively in all of the various positions of adjustment.

What I claim is:

1. In a plane, a main body portion having a throat therein, a frog support at the rear of said throat, a frog adjustable to and fro thereon, a locking means for holding said frog in different positions of adjustment comprising a clamping member operatively engaged with one of said parts, means for operating said clamping member carried by the other part and comprising a rearwardly projecting cam stud coacting with said clamping member, and a lock and tightener for said cam stud, said lock and tightener comprising a laterally projecting exposed screw engaging said cam stud in a direction to turn the same as said lock and tightener is advanced.

2. In a plane, a main body portion having a throat therein, a frog support at the rear of said throat, a frog adjustable to and fro thereon, a locking means for holding said frog in different positions of adjustment comprising a clamping member operatively engaged with one of said parts, means for operating said clamping member carried by the other part and comprising a rearwardly projecting cam stud coacting with said clamping member, a lock for said cam stud, said lock comprising a laterally projecting exposed screw, and a shoulder on one side of said cam stud eccentric thereto, said screw engaging said eccentric shoulder and pressing against the same in a direction to turn said cam stud so as to more tightly engage the clamping member.

3. In a plane, a body portion having a throat, a frog support at the rear of said throat, a frog adjustable to and fro on said support and relatively to said throat, a clamping member carried by said frog and projecting into said support, said support having a recess therefor, a cam stud carried in said support and exposed at its rear end, an eccentric pin extension at the forward end of said stud eccentrically engaging said clamping member, and a lock screw for engaging said clamping stud at one side and arranged laterally thereto.

4. In a plane, a body portion having a throat, a frog support at the rear of the throat, a frog mounted for adjustment to and fro on said support, said frog having a fore and aft slot therein, a clamping stud passing downwardly through said slot into said support, an operating device for said clamping stud comprising a cam stud mounted in said support, an eccentric pin projection at the forward end of said cam stud eccentrically engaged with said clamping stud, and a lock for said cam stud.

5. In a plane, a body portion having a throat, a frog support at the rear of the throat, a frog mounted for adjustment to and fro on said support, said frog having a fore and aft slot therein, a clamping stud passing downwardly through said slot into said support, an operating device for said clamping stud comprising a cam stud mounted in said support, an eccentric pin projection at the forward end of said cam stud eccentrically engaged with said clamping stud, and a lock for said cam stud, said lock comprising a screw entering said frog support from the side of the plane.

6. In a plane, a body portion having a throat, a frog support at the rear of the throat, a frog mounted for adjustment to and fro on said support, said frog having a fore and aft slot therein, a clamping stud passing downwardly through said slot into said support, an operating device for said clamping stud comprising a cam stud mounted in said support and eccentrically engaged with said clamping stud, and a lock for said cam stud, said lock comprising a screw entering said frog support from the side of the plane, said screw engaging said cam stud eccentrically to rotate the same in a direction to increase the pressure on the clamping stud.

EDMUND A. SCHADE.

Witnesses:
W. J. WORAM,
H. S. WALTER.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 984,610 – Dado-Plane (Henry Smiley) (1911)

[paiddownloads id=”677″]984610

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

HENRY SMILEY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

DADO-PLANE.

_________________

984,610. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Feb. 21, 1911.
Application filed November 30, 1909. Serial No. 530,706.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY SMILEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dado-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to that class of groove cutting planes usually termed dado planes, and it has for its object the effecting of the improvements in details of construction hereinafter set forth.

Referring to the drawings forming part of this specification, Figure 1 is a side view of a plane made in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a side view of the metallic part thereof, the wooden section forming part thereof being represented as removed. Fig. 3 is an edge view of the plane from beneath. Fig. 3a is an end view of the blade-engaging block. Fig. 3b is an end view of the blade-wedge. Fig. 4 is a transverse section on the dotted line X–X in Fig. 1; this and the following views being on a slightly larger scale than the preceding. Fig. 5 is a transverse section on the dotted line Y–Y in Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal vertical section of a part of the plane showing the gage for permitting adjustment of the depth to which the plane can cut. Fig. 7 is a similar view but from the opposite side. Fig. 8 is a side elevation of a portion of the plane from a point opposite to that from which Fig. 1 is taken. Fig. 9 is a transverse sectional view of the plane through the center of the grooving cutters. Fig. 10 is a perspective view of said grooving cutters. Fig. 11 is a face view of the cutting blade of the plane. Fig. 12 is a face view of one of the U-shaped locking devices.

The plane comprises two main parts, one of metal containing the operating members, and the other of wood or the like inclosing said members at one side and having the handle 1. Said metallic portion consists of the thin plate 3 from which rise certain ribs and also the bosses 4 into which are tapped the screws 5 by means of which said wooden part 6 is secured to said metallic part.

The blade 7, shown in Figs. 2 and 11, rests against the rib-section 8 and also against the adjusting block 9, being made to share the longitudinal movement of the latter by means of one of its transverse grooves 10 into which projects the rib 11 of said block. This block is moved along the surface of the inclined rib 12 by means of the adjusting screw 13; the latter being turned by its head 14, and held against longitudinal displacement by bearing 15 and the U-shaped locking device 16 located in a transverse slot in said bearing and engaging an annular groove 17 in the screw. Fig. 12 shows this locking device in face view, while Fig. 9 shows a duplicate of the same in section. Above the cutting edge of said blade 7 is a shaving-deflector mouth 18, which, as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, is so conformed as to perfectly eject all the shavings ploughed up by said blade. As indicated by Fig. 1, said mouth is substantially horse-shoe shaped vertically, while, as in Fig. 3 it is trumpet shaped laterally, thereby performing the function above set forth. Said blade is clamped in place by the vertically moved triangular block 19, the means for its movement being the thumb-screw 20 turning in the bearing 21 and held from longitudinal displacementby the U-shaped lock 16a, a duplicate of that illustrated by Fig. 12. As shown in Fig. 2, the nose of this clamping block 19 comes quite close to the cutting end of the blade 7, and the entire length, nearly, of said blade is so tightly pressed by said block as to firmly hold it against all possibility of displacement or chattering. The vertical face or edge of this block abuts against the end of the rib 22 in order that there may be no lateral strain on the thumb screw 20, but have for its only function that of raising and lowering said block. To keep the cutting edge of said blade 7 flush with the metallic face of the plane and still leave the plate 3 intact, said blade is off-set somewhat, as shown in Fig. 11, and a part of said plate cut into as shown in Fig 8 to make room for the offset shoulder 23. To remove the blade for resharpening, the thumb screw 20 is turned to raise the block 19 a short distance, and then the screw 13 turned until the blade is carried far enough downward to bring its shoulder 23 out from beneath the lip 24. The blade can now be moved laterally out of its engagement with the rib 11 of the block 9, and then longitudinally withdrawn from the plane. Its return is in the reverse manner.

It is customary to provide these dado planes with cutters in advance of the blades for the purpose of scoring the lateral limits of the groove being plowed in the wood, in order that the shavings may be cut by the blade clear and clean from the wood, leaving the groove smooth and exact. There are numerous objections to those now in use, which I have overcome by my construction. Previous to my invention, the cutter points have been two in number, one at each side of the plane. I have found, however, that a plurality of these cutter points at each side give much better results, and consequently I provide a vertically adjustable bar 25 with four such points 26, two at a side, as shown in Figs. 2, 9 and 10. In the formation of these cutter points, not only is the metal of the bar cut away both laterally and longitudinally with respect to the plane, in order to leave such points in operative relief, but I form channels 27 in the opposite sides of the bar in order to provide cutting lateral edges. These edges 28 are sharpened by a suitable file which can under-cut the same slightly. The cutter points are lowered to take up for sharpening, and also rigidly held in place, by means of the adjusting screw 30 and the set screw 31 (Fig. 4), the former screw being held by its bearing 32 and locking device 16b like the one 16 already described. As shown in Fig. 9, this bar has also to be off-set, for the same reason as the blade 7.

Normally the dado plane can cut to the depth permitted by the under surface of the wooden section 2. To permit accurately gaged grooves of lesser depth to be formed, I provide the adjustable stop 33 shown in Figs. 3, 6 and 7. This is cut into the wooden section 6, and is adjusted by means of the screw 34 turning in the boss 35 and tapped into the boss 36 of the plate 37 which is fixed in place by suitable screws 38. Said screw 34 being kept from displacement in its boss 35 by a locking device 16c such as already described, is adjusted either down to desired specified point, or carried up to its normal flush position, by suitably rotating said screw. Said fixed plate 37 is formed with a circular boss 39 (Figs. 4 and 7) for receiving the set screw 31 already described; said boss extending out flush with the wooden section 6, and so providing said set screw with a metallic threaded member for its proper support. Thus made, this dado plane is strong, durable; its operative members are readily adjusted, cut clean and smooth, and in every way performs its work well and conveniently. It should be noticed that the cutter points 26 are each substantially like those of a saw tooth, being angular and having cutting edges both in front and behind. This enables them to cut and score the wood both when the plane is being advanced, and when it is being drawn backward, thus more perfectly preparing the way for the blade 7 to do its work. Moreover, the cutting edges 28 above described act to smooth the sides of the groove being planed.

It will be observed that by having the angular block 11 formed with a vertical face coming down sharply to the upper surface of the blade 7, there is no opportunity given for the lodgment of shavings against the same; hence, taking this in connection with the peculiar conformation of the mouth 18, there can be no choking at the cutting edge of said blade, and consequently no vexatious loss of time in digging out such accumulated chips.

As shown in Figs. 4, and 9, the U-shaped locking devices 16, 16a, 16b, 16c are held in place by the wooden section 6 fastened over the metallic section, and consequently all that requires to be done in order to take the various screws 13, 20, 30 and 34 out, is to first remove said wooden section, then pry out said U-shaped devices and unscrew said members. To keep the fastening screws 5 from digging into the wooden section 6, I prefer to provide therefor the metallic thimbles 40, shown in Figs. 1 and 5, the outer edges of which are fiush with the face of said section, and which receive the heads of said screws flush with the same also.

It is essential that the surface of the mouth 18 opposite the blade 7 shall be made to initiate in the shaving a spiral form as it leaves the edge of said blade. To accomplish this, I form said surface 18a with a twist in such a manner that the rear edge of the mouth will retire behind the front edge at 18b, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. This twist extends upward from the blade edge for about five eighths of an inch; after that it being merged into the trumpet flare above described.

As shown in Fig. 3b, the block 9 is given a slightly oblique face on its side lying against the surface of the blade 7, inasmuch as the latter is laterally inclined in order to better cut the wood being grooved. In the same way, the wedge 19 must have its face lying against the blade similarly oblique, as shown in Fig. 3a.

What I claim as my invention and for which I desire Letters Patent is as follows, to wit;

1. The combination with a dado plane, of cutter points therefor comprising a metal bar having its end fashioned into four saw-shaped points, each pair of points on the faces of the bar parallel with the sides of the plane being separated a substantial distance one from the other by a vertical clearance channel extending up toward the upper end of said bar, the sides of said channels presenting cutting edges.

2. A dado plane comprising two parts one of which is metal and is formed with two vertical parallel walls, a cutter point bar fitted to said walls, the other of said two parts being of wood and inclosing said bar, a metal plate fitted to the inner surface of said wooden part and having a cylindrical boss passing through said wooden part to its outer surface, and a set screw tapped through said boss and butting against said bar.

3. The combination in a dado plane, of a metallic section, a cutter-point member carried thereby, a screw for the adjustment of said member having an annular groove therein, a bearing for said screw formed with a transverse slot, a U-shaped locking device located in said slot and engaging said groove, and a section fastened to the metallic section and retaining said locking device in place.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing invention, I have hereunto set my hand this 13 day of November, 1909.

HENRY SMILEY.

Witnesses:
A. B. UPHAM,
H. L. WHITTLESEY.

No. 984,083 – Floor-Plane (William J. Faber) (1911)

[paiddownloads id=”676″]984083

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLIAM J. FABER, OF ONEIDA, NEW YORK.

FLOOR-PLANE.

_________________

984,083. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Feb. 14, 1911.
Application filed March 28, 1910. Serial No. 551,829.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM J. FABER, of Oneida, in the county of Madison, in the State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Floor-Planes, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to certain improvements in floor planes for smoothing floors and other wood surfaces.

ln the use of ordinary planes the cutting blade is previously set or adjusted to produce the desired depth of cut and remains in this position until readjusted to vary the depth of the cut and under such conditions, preferably in smoothing the surface of hard wood, it is extremely difficult to start the plane on its initial movement owing to the fact that immediately upon the beginning of such movement the cutting edge is embedded to the full depth of its adjustment into the wood, thereby requiring considerable power to move the plane forward. Furthermore under the same conditions when the plane is drawn backward, the cutting edge is allowed to drag or ride over the surface of the floor, thereby producing excessive wear and more or less dulling effect upon such edge, and making it necessary to frequently regrind or re-sharpen the same.

The main object of my present invention is to provide means whereby the cutting edge of the blade will be held clear of the surface of the floor during the initial forward movement and will be gradually forced to its cutting position as the plane advances, thereby enabling the operator to move the plane forwardly under comparatively light pressure or force or until under sufficient momentum to permit the plane to be carried to the limit of its forward stroke with a minimum amount of power. In other words, the object sought is to cause the cutting edge of the blade to automatically clear the surface of the floor during the backward stroke and to be gradually moved to its cutting position during the forward stroke, so as to allow the plane to be moved through the complete forward stroke with a minimum degree of power and at the same time relieving the cutting edge from undue wear during the backward stroke.

Other objects and uses relating to specific parts of the device will be brought out in the following description.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is longitudinal sectional view of a plane embodying the various features of my invention. Fig. 2 is an inverted plan of the same. Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view taken on line 3-3-, Fig. 2.

This plane comprises a base section –1– and a stop section –2– resting upon and movable relatively to the base section. The meeting faces of said sections are inclined rearwardly from the front end and are therefore disposed at an angle with the bottom of the base section –1– which is substantially flat. The object of the inclined meeting faces is to permit a slight vertical movement of the section –2– as the plane is moved forward and backward. The upper section –2– is adapted to be engaged by the hand of the operator and it therefore follows that during the operation of moving the plane forward the upper section will be moved down the incline or slightly lowered, while the backward movement will similarly elevate the top section. These sections –1– and –2– are limited in their relative endwise movement by suitable stops –3– consisting in this instance of bosses which are projected into elongated slots –4– near the front and rear ends respectively of the base section –1– and formed with threaded apertures in the under side of the top section –2–. The slots –4– are enlarged at the bottom to receive the heads of screws –3’– and to form shoulders against which said heads abut to hold the meeting faces of the sections –1– and –2– in sliding contact, the heads of the screws being wholly within the lower surface of the section –1– to prevent contact with the surface which is being planed. This lower section –1– is also provided with a comparatively narrow knife opening –5– through which the cutting edge of a knife blade, as –6–, is movable and adapted to protrude when in operative position, the lower surface of the section –1– just back of the cutting blade being reinforced by a metal plate –7–. The cutting blade –6– is adjustably mounted in and upon the upper section –2– where it is locked or held in its adjusted position by a set screw –8– or other suitable fastening means, not necessary to further illustrate or describe, it being understood that any well known fastening means common in this art may be employed for this purpose which will enable the blade to be adjusted so that its cutting edge protrudes more or lesss through the opening –5–.

The plane is operated back and forth by the engagement of one or both hands of the operator upon the upper section –2– and owing to the fact that this section is movable relatively to the lower section –1– it is apparent that as the plane is drawn back the upper section will be moved up the incline of the lower section a distance corresponding to the length of the slots –4– or until limited by the engagement of the limiting stops with the rear ends of the slots thereby elevating the cutting edge of the blade –6– above the lower face of the plane section –1– whereupon the continued backward movement of the upper section of the plane effects a corresponding backward movement of the lower section –1–, as soon as the limiting stops –3– engage the rear ends of the slots –4–, it being understood that when the cutting blade is in its lowermost position the protrusion of its cutting edge will not exceed the degree of rise of the incline for the length of the slot. In moving the plane forward for the cutting operation assuming that the upper section is then in its extreme backward position or at the highest point of incline, the upper section will be initially or first moved down the incline and relatively to the lower section until the cutting edge of the blade is brought into engagement with the surface to be planed or until the limiting stops –3– engage the front ends of the slots –4– whereupon both sections will be moved forwardly together. This initial movement of the upper section –2– relatively to the lower section –1– requires but little strength or force and enables the operator to get the plane under head-way or momentum before the cutting edge of the blade is embedded to its maximum degree of adjustment into the wood and therefore this momentum aids the operator in forcing the plane through its forward stroke during the cutting operation, thereby reducing the power required to operate the plane from one extreme to the other of its cutting stroke. Another advantage is that when the plane is drawn back by means of the upper section –2– which rides upwardly along the incline of the lower section, the blade is withdrawn from the face of the lower section thereby avoiding excessive wear or rounding of the cutting edge.

In order that the section –2– may be guided longitudinally of and parallel with the lower section –1–, I provide the meeting faces of said sections with one or more tongues –9– and corresponding grooves –10– interfitting with each other, although the limiting stops –3– playing in the grooves –4– perform a similar function.

The operation of my invention will now be readily understood upon reference to the foregoing description and accompanying drawings and though I have shown a specific mechanism for adjusting and clamping the cutting blade and specific form of stops for limiting the relative endwise movement of the plane sections, I do not wish to limit myself to any particular form of construction of either one of these mechanisms, nor to the exact means for moving the cutting blade into and out of the opening –5– or above or below the lower face of the lower section, further than it must be some means whereby the blade is elevated on the backward movement of the upper section and lowered to its cutting position upon the forward movement of the same section.

What I claim is:

1. In a hand operated plane, two frame sections mounted one upon the other and having their meeting faces inclined longitudinally from front to rear, a cutting blade adjustably mounted on the upper section and having its lower edge protruding through the bottom of the lower section when in its cutting position, the upper section being movable endwise relatively to the lower section whereby the cutting blade is raised and lowered as the upper section is moved backward and forward, and means for limiting such movement.

2. In a floor plane, two frame sections mounted one upon the other, the upper face of the lower section being inclined from front to rear and the upper section resting upon and movable along said inclined face, a cutting blade mounted upon the upper section and protruding through the bottom of the lower section when in its cutting position, and means for limiting the movement of the upper section relatively to the lower section.

3. In a floor plane, two frame sections mounted one upon the other and having inclined meeting faces in sliding contact, a cutting blade adjustably mounted upon the upper section and having its cutting edge movable to and from a position below the bottom face of the lower section as the upper section is moved forward and backward, and means for limiting such movement.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand on this 19th day of March 1910.

WILLIAM J. FABER.

Witnesses:
HARRY H. JACOBS,
JAMES E. BREWER.

No. 978,471 – Rabbeting-Plane (Judd W. Montague) (1910)

[paiddownloads id=”675″]978471

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUDD W. MONTAGUE, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO, ASSIGNOR OF
ONE-HALF TO CHARLES H. NOBLE, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO.

RABBETING-PLANE.

_________________

978,471. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Dec. 13, 1910.
Application filed June 7, 1910. Serial No. 569,035.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUDD W. MONTAGUE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Columbus, in the county of Franklin and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Rabbeting-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates more especially to planes intended for cutting rabbets in straight or curved corners of wood and for beveling or rounding such corners but the invention can be used for planing flat surfaces.

The object of the invention is to provide a tool of this kind that shall be of simple and economical construction and of easy manipulation.

The invention is embodied in the construction and combination of parts herein shown and described and then pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawing Figure 1 is a view of that side of the device containing the chisels or bits and adjusting devices therefor a small portion being broken out to show a detail. Fig. 2 is a side view of the mainframe with the bit receiving frame removed. Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the bit and knife with the devices for holding and adjusting them. Fig. 4 is a view of the left hand end of the tool as shown in Fig. 1, to illustrate the guides.

In the views 10 designates the main frame and 11 the stock or bit carrying frame. These two frames are of arch form and the stock is secured to the side of the main frame by means of suitable screws such as seen at 12 passed through the three holes at 12a, 12a 12a (see Fig. 2) into holes tapped in the stock so that when the two are secured together they appear as in Fig. 1.

The stock or bit carrying frame is equipped with a bit and knife at each end so that the implement can be used for either right hand or left hand work or by forward or rearward operation. As the equipment at each end is symmetrically like that at the other in construction and arrangement a description of one equipment will suffice for both.

Referring more particularly to Fig. 3 which best illustrates the cutting equipment and the adjusting devices therefor, the character 13 designates the chisel or bit and 14 the knife the former having an ordinary slanting edge 13a and the latter a short cutting edge 14a standing at right angles to the forward portion of the slanting edge of the bit so that the two together cooperates at the forward portion of said slanting edge to cut out a corner. The shank portion of the knife is superimposed on that of the bit and is held thereon by a clamping piece or cap 15 placed under lips 16 extending upward and inward from the carrying frame or stock 11 said piece 15 being provided with a set screw 17 pinching the upper side of the knife.

The shank 13b of the bit is provided with a longitudinally extending screw 13c, a laterally extending screw 13d, and a lateral recess providing walls 13e and 13f. The screw 13e is provided with two nuts 18 and 18a and the screw 13d is provided with nuts 19 and 19a and 19b, The nuts 18 and 18a project at their lower portions into a recess 20 in the bit stock and can be turned on the screw against the walls of said recess to lock the bit shank and bit from movement longitudinally on the stock and the lower portion of the nut 19 projects into a groove 21 in the stock to prevent lateral movement of the bit shank. The shank of the knife 14 is provided with a screw 14b having thereon two nuts 22 and 22a that project into the lateral recess of the bit shank and can be turned against the walls 13e and 13f of the recess forming them to prevent longitudinal movement of the knife blade on the bit; and the screw of the knife shank lies between the nuts 19a and 19b and is prevented from movement laterally with reference to the bit by said nuts, when these are turned to lie against said screw. From this construction it will be observed that the bit can be given its proper position on the stock and the knife can be given its proper position on the bit, and further that when the knife is placed in proper position with reference to the bit both together can be adjusted to proper position.

Each end of the bit-carrying frame is provided with a guide to contact with the upper side of the wood to be rabbeted, beveled or rounded, said guide consisting of a vertically arranged headed screw 23 having on it a nut 24 said nut being located between fixed lateral projections or bars 25 and 26 on the side of the bit carrying frame and a nut 27 to pinch the under side of the projection 26 after the screw or guide has been properly adjusted. Each end of the main frame is provided with a guide to contact with the vertical or upright side of the wood to be rabbeted, beveled or rounded, said guide consisting of a horizontally arranged headed screw 28 having on it a nut 29, said nut being located between fixed projections or ears 30 and 31 on the main frame and a nut 32 to pinch the outer ear 31 after the screw or guide has been properly adjusted. The ears or projections 30 and 31 are formed on a block 33 detachable from the foot of the frame, said block being provided with a pin 33a to enter a socket in said foot and a set screw 34 screwed into a suitable hole in the foot. This block 33 and its contained guide can be removed and the plane used for planing fiat or other surfaces.

The arched form of the main frame and the bit carrying frame when combined permit the gripping of the device with the hand at either end according to the direction in which it is desired to push the device. The planing operation can be performed by either pushing or drawing the device and with the tool grasped either in left hand or right hand manner. In other words the manipulation of the plane can be accommodated to the grain of the wood and so as to avoid as far as practical planing against grain. The knife insures a smooth clean surface at the upright or vertical side of the rabbet. With this construction, and particularly because the cutting corner is free from obstructing parts in front of it two rabbets can be made with great facility in circular, oval or other curved pieces such for example as picture frames and other like structures.

What I claim is:

1. In a plane, the combination with a stock, of a bit with means in connection therewith for longitudinally and laterally adjusting the same with reference to the stock, a knife to angularly cooperate with the cutting edge of said bit, and means connected with the bit and knife for operating the knife to adjust the same with reference to the bit, the knife being movable by moving the bit.

2. In a plane, the combination with a guiding and holding stock, of a removable bit and a removable angularly cooperating knife on the bit, means on the bit for operating the knife to adjust the same with reference to the bit, and means for fixing both the bit and knife to the stock with their cutting edges wholly forward of the material of the stock.

3. In a plane, the combination with a stock, a bit and a knife, means for securing the knife to stand at one end of the edge of the bit and at an angle to the edge of the bit to form a cutting corner, combined with an arched handling frame 10 and means for securing the stock thereto at the side of the latter opposite that containing said cutting corner.

4. In a plane the combination with the stock having a recess 20 and a groove 21 of a bit provided with a longitudinally extending screw 13c and a laterally extending screw 13d and a lateral recess providing walls 13e and 13f, nuts 18 and 18a on the screw 13c extending into said recess 20 and nuts 19 and 19a and 19b on said screw 13d, the nut 19 projecting into said groove 21, a knife having its cutting edge standing at an angle to the cutting edge of the bit and cooperating therewith, said knife provided with a longitudinally extending screw 1 having nuts 22 and 22a thereon projecting between the walls 13e and 13f and said screw lying between the nuts 19a and 19 whereby the bit can be adjusted independently of the knife and the knife independently of the bit, substantially as described.

5. In a plane the combination with the stock having a recess 20 and a groove 21, of a bit provided with a longitudinally extending screw 13c and a laterally extending screw 13d and a lateral recess providing walls 13e and 13f, means on the screw 13c extending into said recess 20 to adjust and fix the same with reference to the stock, and nuts 19 and 19a and 19b on said screw 13d, the nut 19 projecting into said groove 21, a knife on the bit having its cutting edge standing at an angle to the cutting edge of the bit and cooperating therewith, said knife provided with a longitudinally extending screw 14b having means thereon to engage the aforesaid walls 13e and 13f to longitudinally adjust and fix the same and said screw lying between the nuts 19 and 19a, whereby the knife can be adjusted independently of the bit and the bit independently of the knife, substantially as described.

JUDD W. MONTAGUE.

Witnesses:
CHAS. H. NOBLE,
BENJ. FINCKEL.

No. 972,645 – Plane (Charles B. Rice) (1910)

[paiddownloads id=”674″]972645

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHARLES B. RICE, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

PLANE.

_________________

972,645. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Oct. 11, 1910.
Application filed April 28, 1910. Serial No. 558,164.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES B. RICE, a cltizen of the United States, residing at Washington, in the District of Columbia, have invented a, new and useful Plane, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to planes of the type which are employed for grooving purposes, although the tool of the present invention is susceptible of other uses if desired.

The object of the invention is to provide a strong simple, durable and inexpensive grooving tool which can be used in a variety of positions and for a large number of useful operations and which can be easily and quickly adjusted to meet the requirements of different kinds of work, such for example as the grooving of doors and door frames for the purpose of securing the door locks and fittings in position.

With the foregoing and other objects in view which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention resides in the combination and arrangement of parts and in the details of construction hereinafter described and claimed, it being understood that changes in the precise embodiment of invention herein disclosed can be made within the scope of the claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.

In the accompanying drawing forming part of this specification:– Figure 1 is a plan view of a grooving tool constructed in accordance with the invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line 3–3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a similar section on the line 4–4 of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view showing a modified construction of bit post. Fig. 6 is a detail perspective view of one of the improved bits. Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 6 showing another form of the improved bit. Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the clamping plate.

Like reference numerals indicate corresponding parts in the different figures of the drawings.

The reference numeral 1 indicates a base plate the lower surface 2 of which, as shown in Fig. 2, comprises a bearing surface which fits against the material to be operated upon, the bit 3 being caused to project beyond the bearing surface 2 through the opening 4 formed in the base 1. The base plate 1, at the forward end thereof, is provided with an upwardly extending curved handle or grip 5.

The bit 3 preferably is of the form indicated in Fig. 6. That is to say the bit is formed with a shank or plate 6 with which is adjustably connected the shank or plate 7 of a gage member 8 which determines the distance which the cutting tool 3 shall penetrate into the surface which is being operated upon. The gage 8 preferably consists of a tongue which projects in an oposite direction to the cutting edge of the tool 3. The preferred means of adjustably connecting the shank 7 with the shank 6, consists of a, screw 9 which projects through a slot 10 formed in the plate 7, said slot having an enlargement 11 at one end thereof to permit the initial introduction of the screw 9.

The means for securing the bit or cutting tool 3 in position within the opening 4 in the base plate, preferably consists of a post or standard 14 which, as shown in Fig 3, rises from the face of the base plate 1 adjacent the rear end of the opening 4, said post 14 being extended at its lower end to form the lateral shoulders 15 and the transversely extending flange 16. The shank 7 of the bit gage, and the shank 6 of the bit are fitted flat against the post 14 on the side thereof next to the openings 4 with the cutting edge of the tool projecting through said opening. A rectangular loop member 17 is then fitted downward over the post 14 so as to surround the bit shank 6 and plate 7, said loop member 17 resting at its lower end upon the shoulders 15 as shown in Fig. 5. A plate 18 is then fitted against the rear face of the post 14 between said post and the loop member 17. The plate 18, as shown in Fig. 8, is thickened adjacent its upper end as indicated at 19 and a set screw 20 is threaded through said thickened portion 19. By tightening the set screw 20 the point thereof projects against the rear face of the post 17 and the lower portion of the plate 18 serves to draw the loop member 17 tightly around the bit shank 6 whereby to bind the same firmly in any position to which it has been adjusted on the front face of the post 14.

For the purpose of providing a second bearing surface 25 which is arranged at a right angle to the bearing surface 2 and has an bit 3 projecting therefrom, the base plate 1 is formed or provided along one side thereof with an upstanding flange 26, said flange, as shown in Fig. 2, being formed with an inclined edge 26 which causes it to be narrow at the forward end of the stock of the plane and broad at the rear end thereof. The extreme rear end of the flange 26 is provided with a curved handle 28 which is disposed at a right angle with respect to the handle 5 at the forward end of the stock. The bit 3 on the bearing face 25, as shown in Fig. 1, projects in an opposite direction to the bit 3 on the bearing plate 2 as shown in Fig. 2. When the bearing plate 5 is employed therefore the stock is manipulated in the opposite direction to that in which it is moved when the other bit is being used. The bit 3 on the bearing surface 25 projects through an opening 30 formed in the flange 26, the upper edge of said opening 30 being inclined so as to be in parallelism with the edge 27 of the flange 26. The bit 3 of the bearing face 25 is mounted in the same way as the bearing face 2. That is to say it is mounted upon a post 14 which is provided with shoulders 15 and an enlarged flange 16 connected with the flange 26, a loop member 17 being fitted around the bit 2 and the shank 7 of the gage member 8 thereof and a plate 18 having a thickened end 19 and set screw 20 as shown in Fig. 8 being employed to tighten the bit and hold it in any position to which it has been adjusted. The post 14 connected with the flange 26 of course extends at a right angle to the post 14 connected with the base plate 1. This is necessitated by the fact that the two bits 3 are arranged with their cutting edges at right angles to each other.

If desired, the plate 18 and set screw 20 illustrated in Fig. 8 may be dispensed with, and the modified construction of clamping device shown in Fig. 5 may be employed. In this clamping device all the parts except the plate 18 and screw 20 are the same as previously described. In place of the clamping plate 18 a pair of plates 35 and 36 are employed, said plates being riveted together at their lower ends as indicated at 37 and being adapted to be forced apart at their upper ends by means of a lever 38 which is pivoted at 39 on ears 40 formed on the plate 35. When the lever 38 is thrown upward into inoperative position, the upper ends of the two plates 35 and 36 spring together and thus release the pressure on the loop members 17 so that the bit can be adjusted upward or downward if desired. When the bit has been properly adjusted, the lever 38 is thrown downward so that the end thereof bears against the plate 36 and forces the upper end of said plate away from the upper end of the plate 35. The separation of the plate causes the necessary pressure to be wrought to bear on the loop member 17 to hold the bit in the position to which it has been adjusted.

The plane of the resent invention is provided with a laterally disposed gage member 40 which is adapted to cooperate with the bearing surface 2 in performing certain classes of work in which the groove to be formed is located some distance away from the edge by which the plane is to be guided. The gage member 40 consists of a plate as shown in Fig. 3, the upper and lower surfaces of which are parallel with the bearing surface 2 of the plane. The plate 40 is so disposed with relation to the bearing surface 2 that the upper surface thereof is slightly below the plane of the bearing surface 2 so that the plate 40 can if desired be adjusted inward beneath the bearing surface 2. The gage plate 40 is provided at one end with a depending flange 41 and at the other end with an upstanding flange 42. The upstanding flange 42, as shown in Fig. 1 is provided with four threaded openings 43–43 and 44–44. Connected with either the set of perforations 43–43 or 44–44 is a pair of supporting rods 45 which extend through the flange 26 of the base plate 1 and through a flange 47 formed along the opposite edge of the base plate 1 from the flange 26. The rods 45 extent loosely through the flange 47 and are adapted to be locked in any position to which they have been adjusted by means of set screws 48 which extend downward through the flange 47 and are adapted to engage the rods 45. By loosening the set screws 48 the gage member 40 can be adjusted a greater or lesser distance away from the base plate 1. As indicated in Fig. 3, the plate 40 can be adjusted toward the base plate 1 to such an extent that the depending flange 41 will lie beneath the bearing surface 2 and will thus act as a gage for the cutter when working close to the edge by which the plane is being guided. If it be desired to arrange the gage member 40 on the opposite side of the device from that shown in Fig. 1, the rods 45 are unscrewed from the flange 42 and are reversed in the flange 47. The flange 42 is then connected with the threaded ends of the rods 45, the pair of threaded openings 43–43 being employed so that the forward ends of the gage member 40 will not project beyond the forward end of the base plate 1. Moreover, the gage plate 40 can be reversed while remaining on the same side of the plane as that shown in Fig. 1. By means of this reversal the plate 40 can be caused to project outward with relation to the flange 42 instead of inward toward the base plate 1 as shown in Fig. 3. It will also be obvious that the gage member 40 can be entirely removed from the plane whenever desired by simply withdrawing the rod 45.

The modified form of bit illustrated in Fig. 7 of the drawing is the same as that shown in Fig. 6 except that the gage plate instead of being formed at the lower end thereof with a tongue 8, is provided with a pair of downwardly extending cutters or points 50, which serve to cut the edges of the groove a little deeper than the flat bit 3 is adapted to cut the same. In this manner the cutter 50 serves to produce a cleanly defined groove in the operation, for example, of grooving the end of a door to receive the door lock or fitting.

The tool of the present invention is strong, simple, durable and comparatively inexpensive in construction as well as thoroughly efficient and practical in operation.

What is claimed as new is :–

1. A plane having a plurality of bearing surfaces one having a handle at one end and the other having a handle at the other end, said handles being angularly disposed with relation to each other, and a bit on each of said bearing surfaces having its cutting edge projected in the direction of the handle of said bearing surface.

2. A plane having a pair of bearing surfaces one of said surfaces being wider at one end than the other and having a handle at the wide end thereof and the other of said surfaces having a handle at the opposite end.

3. A plane having a bearing surface formed with an opening, a post adjacent said opening, shoulders adjacent the lower end of said post, a loop member surrounding said post and resting against said shoulders, a bit having a shank arranged between said posts and said loop on one side, and an adjustable member arranged between the other side of said post and said loop member for tightening the same on said bit.

4. A plane having a bit provided on the rear face thereof with an adjustable gage.

5. A plane having a bit provided with a cutting edge projecting in one direction, and a gage plate connected with said bit and having a gage tongue projecting in the opposite direction froin the cutting edge of the bit.

6. As a new article of manufacture, a plane bit having a cutting edge and a shank, and a gage plate adjustably connected with said shank for regulating the depth of the cut of said bit.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto afhxed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES B. RICE.

Witnesses:
JAMES W. CROSS,
SAMUEL M. HOWELL.

No. 968,508 – Wood-Scoring Device For Planes And The Like (Christian Bodmer) (1910)

[paiddownloads id=”673″]968508

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHRISTIAN BODMER, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

WOOD-SCORING DEVICE FOR PLANES AND THE LIKE.

_________________

968,508. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Aug. 23, 1910.
Application filed November 30, 1909. Serial No. 530,556.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHRISTIAN BODMER, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Wood-Scoring Devices for Planes and the Like, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in wood cutting instruments such as planes and the like, the object being to provide in such constructions a scoring device or spur to partially cut the wood in advance of the plane iron.

A valuable incident of this invention is the provision of means whereby the scoring device or spur may be adjusted to cause said cutting edge to project to a greater or lesser degree from the main body of the instrument to make a shallow or a deep cut as required and to also compensate for variations in length of the spur due to sharpening the latter from time to time.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane of the plow type fitted with my improved scoring device or spur; Fig. 2 is a relatively enlarged detail view of the spur in operative position; Fig. 3 is a similar view showing the spur in non operative position; Fig. 4 is a section on the line x–x of Fig. 2.

The wood cutting device of the type illustrated in Fig. 1 is a species of plane in which 1 is the plane body; 2 is the sole portion thereof provided with the usual throat in which is located the cutting iron 3. In advance of the cutting iron is located a spur, said spur being arranged in a recess 4 in the side of the sole 2. The spur is held by a screw 5. The spur construction itself comprises the cutting end 6 and the head 7. The head 7 is of circular outline preferably and has a central perforation in which a holding screw 5 is located, said screw taking into a threaded opening in the sole 2. The recess 4 has its intermediate portion conformed to the circular part or head 7 of the spur, thereby relieving the screw in a large measure of strain. Above and below this circular part the recess is extended to receive the cutting end 6 of the spur.

As shown in the detail views Figs. 2 and 3, the ends of the recess 4 are diagonally arranged with reference to the base of the sole 2. The outer edge of the spur is arranged obliquely to a radial line from the center of the screw 5, the cutting edge itself being preferably somewhat rounded as shown and sharpened so that said cutting edge proper will lie approximately in the plane of one side of the cutter 3, whereby, when the plane is pushed forwardly, the spur will score the wood directly in advance of one edge of the cutter 3. A corresponding spur may be arranged on the opposite side of the sole 2 to score a corresponding line in line with the opposite edge of the cutter 3. Since these spurs correspond a description and illustration of one is sufficient for both. The lower end of the recess 4 is widened somewhat so as to permit the spur to be swung upon its screw mounting 5 whereby by swinging said spur its cutting edge may be projected more or less as desired. By the particular arrangement shown a forward movement of the plane across a board will produce through the medium of the spur a score line corresponding in depth to the extent to which the spur is projected.

By reason of the method of mounting the spur there is little or no danger of dislodgment of the same after it has been adjusted, the cut of the spur being an easy draw cut. By this means all chattering of the parts as the plane is advanced over the wood is avoided. The cutting edge 6 of the spur being formed on a plane oblique to a radial line from the center of the screw 5 permits the said spur to be sharpened from time to time without grinding away such a portion of the cutting edge as to render it ineffective. Since even though a portion is ground away, the cutting edge of the spur may be projected to the desired extent by the swinging movement above referred to. When it is desired to omit the spur, it is simply necessary to withdraw the screw 5 somewhat and swing the spur from the position indicated in Fig. 2 to that indicated in Fig. 3, the cutting end of the spur being then housed in the upper end of the recess 4 and flush with the outer side of the sole.

What I claim is:

1. In a plane, a main body having a sole portion, a scoring device comprising a spur having a head portion, a screw passing through said head portion arranged to adjustably hold said spur against said body, the cutting end of said spur extending radially from said head portion, the cutting edge of said cutting end being arranged obliquely to said radius, an inclined recess in said body arranged to receive said spur, the lower part of said recess being wider than the cutting end of said spur to permit the cutting edge of said spur to be projected more or less by an angular shifting of said spur in said recess.

2. A scoring device for a plane or the like comprising a spur having a main body of circular outline, a central passage arranged to receive a holding screw, a cutting portion extending radially from said main body, the cutting edge of said cutting portion being oblique to the radius, a plane body having ca sole portion, a recess in the side of said portion arranged to receive said scoring device, a portion of said recess being shaped to snugly receive the main body of the scoring device, another portion of said recess extending downwardly and rearwardly from the first mentioned portion and being wider than the cutting end of said spur to permit the latter to be adjusted by the shifting of said spur angularly relatively to the center of the head and a holding screw arranged to pass concentrically through the head into the sole portion of said body.

3. In a plane, a main body having a sole portion, a scoring device comprising a spur, a screw passing through said spur and arranged to adjustably hold said spur against said body, said spur extending radially from said screw, said spur having at its outer end a cutting edge, said cutting edge being oblique to the radius of said spur, said body having a recess in its side arranged to receive said spur, the lower end of said recess being wider than said spur to permit the cutting edge of the latter to be projected more or less by an angular shifting of said spur in said recess.

4. A scoring spur for planes, a main body portion having a screw passage and having a radially extending arm at one side of said screw passage, a cutting edge at the outer end of said arm, said edge being oblique to the radius of said arm, one end of said edge being nearer to the said screw passage than the other end of said edge.

CHRISTIAN BODMER.

Witnesses:
I. W. CHAPMAN,
W. J. WORAM.

No. 962,885 – Dovetail Tongue And Groove Cutter (Christian Bodmer) (1910)

No. 962,885 – Dovetail Tongue And Groove Cutter (Christian Bodmer) (1910)

[paiddownloads id=”672″]962885

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHRISTIAN BODMER, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE
& LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

DOVETAIL TONGUE AND GROOVE CUTTER.

_________________

962,885. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented June 28, 1910.
Application filed November 26, 1909. Serial No. 529,864.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHRISTIAN BODMER, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Iinprovements in Dovetail Tongue and Groove Cutters, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to an improved means in the nature of a plane for forming dovetailed or undercut tongues and grooves.

The object of the invention is to provide a means for performing the above function which shall be so constructed as to permit the forming of such tongues or grooves with the greatest facility and accuracy.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the tool assembled and adjusted for the purpose of forming an undercut groove. Fig. 2 is a rear end elevation of Fig. 1, showing the tool as it appears in the act of forming a groove. Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the tool assembled and adjusted for the purpose of cutting a tongue. Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the main body and certain parts on a somewhat reduced scale. Fig. 5 is a view of the reverse side of the parts shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a sectional view on the line x–x of the Fig. 4, looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 7 is a side elevation of a guide frame, arranged for association with the main body of the plane. Fig. 8 is an end view of the guide frame shown in Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a side elevation of a detail. Fig. 10 illustrates another detail in diderent positions. Fig. 11 is a side elevation of another guide frame arranged for association with the main body of the plane. Fig. 12 illustrates three different sizes of plane irons, on the scale indicated in Fig. 4. Fig. 13 is a side elevation of a detachable spur carrier.

1 is the main body or cutter carrier of the tool, the same being provided with a handle 1a and with a long narrow sole 1b.

2 is a cutter or plane iron, the cutting edge of the same being adjustable in a throat in the sole 1b.

3 is a clearance outlet for shavings or chips and located above the aforesaid throat.

4 is a clamp screw for locking the cutter in various positions of adjustment.

The cutter is located in a channel arranged obliquely in the side of the main body 1.

5 is a clutch operated by screw 4, for wedging down upon the cutter 2 when the latter is in position to prevent its unintentional or accidental dislodgment.

The oblique channel for receiving the plane iron is so arranged as to support the upper and lower surface of the shank of the cutter, the lower side of that part of the cutter opposite the recess 3 being supported on the incline 6. As will later be seen, cutters having cutting edges of different widths may be substituted, but to secure the best results the shank portion of each cutter should be substantially alike, the variations in sizes occurring at and directly above the cutting edge.

As will be seen by Figs. 2 and 3, the sole 1b of the body 1 is formed at an oblique angle to the opposite side walls thereof and in practice it is obvious that the edge of the cutter should be shaped to correspond.

7–7a are spurs arranged on opposite sides of the main body 1, both spurs being arranged to be projected to any desired degree or to be entirely retracted as desired. The function of said spurs is to score the wood in advance of the cutter 2, whereby, when said tool is used across the grain, the score lines made by the spurs 7–7a will prevent splintering the wood, thereby enabling the cutter 2 to plow out or to cut a clean channel. It should be stated that the width or thickness of the sole edge of the main body 1 is not greater than the minimum width of the smallest channel which it is possible to form.

The foregoing is a general description of the main body or cutter carrier element of the tool.

8 is the main body portion of what I term the composite guide frame, which frame is arranged for association with the cutter carrier 1 for the purpose hereinafter described.

8a is the side flange of the frame 8, said side flange being arranged obliquely to the sole 8b of said frame.

9 is an upright slot in the fiange 8a terminating at its lower end in an opening 9a.

10–10a are bosses, having passages therein at right angles to the sole 8b of the guide frame 8.

11–11a are set screws carried by the bosses 10–10a respectively.

12 is a thumb piece arranged to receive the thumb of the operator to facilitate the operation of the tool.

14 is a headed stud carried by the main body of the cutter carrier 1, the shank of said stud standing in the upright slot 9 of the frame 8 when the parts are assembled.

15 is a scale at one side of the slot 9.

16 is a gage arranged to co-act with the scale for the purpose hereinafter described. The gage 16 has a slot 16a. 17 is a set screw passing through slot 16a and into the body of the cutter carrier 1, whereby said gage may be adjusted up and down, said scale facilitating said adjustment.

18–18a are threaded holes arranged fore and aft in the body 1 of the cutter carrier, these threaded holes being arranged to receive the two guide posts, spaced apart properly to register with the sockets 10–10a of the guide 8. One of these guide posts is shown at 19, Fig. 3. These guide posts may be readily applied or removed by simply turning the screw end of each into the threaded openings 18–18a. These guide posts are used only when the tool is asembled for forming a tongue.

It will be observed that the stud 14 is arranged directly above the cutting edge of the plane iron 2, the purpose of this being later seen.

I will now describe the tool as assembled and employed in forming an undercut or dovetail groove. In this connection particular reference is directed to Figs. 1 and 2. In these figures it will be seen that the cutter carrier 1 is combined with the guide frame 8 and it may be assumed that the gage 16 is secured by the screw 17 on the scale 15 at the proper elevation to limit the depth of the cut. The intention now is to form a dove-tail groove in a piece of wood indicated at 20 (Fig. 2). To do this, the location of the groove is determined and a guide cleat 21 is tacked down to said piece of wood in a line parallel to the groove to be formed, and at one side thereof a distance corresponding to the width of the bottom of the sole 8b of the guide frame 8. The tool is then placed in the position indicated in Fig. 2 bearing against the cleat 21 and is moved to and fro until the cutter has descended into the wood 20 to the desired depth determined by stop 16. In forming this cut, both spurs 7–7a should be turned down, particularly if cut is to be made across the grain. The cutter carrier 1, being connected to the guide frame 8 only by the stud 14, may take an oscillating movement relatively to the guide frame 8 and hence may follow any warped portion of the wood in which the cut is being formed. By reason of the location of the stud connection 14 relatively to the cutter 2, the oscillating movement of the carrier relatively to the guide frame will not permit the cutter 2 to descend into any part of the wood 20 more than the amount predetermined by the gage 16. When an oblique groove has been cut as indicated in Fig. 2 the tool is removed and the cleat 21 is taken off and tacked down on the opposite side of the groove as indicated in dotted lines, being spaced apart from the adjacent edge to be of the groove a distance corresponding to the width of the bottom of sole 8a of the guide frame. The instrument is then turned around and operated as first described, the cutter 2 working down in the wood until the balance of the intended dove-tail groove is formed, as indicated in the dotted lines, Fig. 2. In forming this last part of the groove, it is unnecessary to employ the spur 7a which may be turned back into the position shown in Fig. 5, a recess in the said main body 1 receiving the same, so that it will stand flush, the spurs themselves being held in all positions by ordinary machine screws. The spur 7a will be seen to be unnecessary at this time because as the cutter descends, the wood on that side of the plane iron (the side toward the spur 7a) has previously been cut away in forming the first part of the groove, hence no chipping or splintering is possible on that side.

In forming a dove-tail tongue, another adjustment is employed, namely, the right angle guide 22, the same being substituted in the place formerly occupied by the guide 8, which latter is transferred to the opposite side of the frame 1 (as shown in Fig. 3) and mounted upon the posts 19–19, the sole 8b of the said guide 8, being spaced apart from the opposite side of the cutter carrier 1, a distance corresponding to the depth of the tongue to be formed. 23 represents the piece of wood upon which the dove-tail tongue is to be formed, said tongue portion being indicated at 24. The gage 16 is now adjusted on the scale 15 to such a position as to properly limit the descent of the cutter carrier 1. The instrument is placed in the position indicated in the Fig. 3, and moved to and fro. The right angle guide 22 cooperates with the guide 8 in holding the cutter carrier 1 in the proper position to cause the cutter to enter the wood as shown in Fig. 3, in which one-half of the tongue is represented as completed. In performing this work, the guide 8 obviates the use of a batten such as 21, although the latter could be used if desirable. To form the other half of the tongue 24 (indicated by dotted lines), the piece of wood 23 is simply turned over and the tool is used on the opposite surface in the same manner. In the formation of the tongue only one spur need be employed, namely the spur 7.

From the foregoing it will be seen that a dove-tail groove and a tongue of corresponding size and cross section may be formed with the greatest accuracy and ease.

Thus far I have described the device as fitted to produce tongues and grooves of the minimum size. When it is desired to produce a tongue and groove of greater size it is merely necessary to substitute a cutter having a cutting edge of greater width than the thickness of the sole 1b of the cutter carrier. When such wider cutter is employed it is obvious that one edge of the same will project beyond one side edge of the sole 1b, and in such an event, in order to provide a spur adjacent to that edge of the cutter, a supporting spur carrier or spacer 25 may be secured to the adjacent side of the main body 1. An illustration of this spacer 25 with the spur 7a is indicated in Fig. 13 and its construction is too obvious to require detailed description. The spacer 25 may be secured to the main body of the cutter by screws which may screw into threaded openings 27–27, Fig. 4.

28 is a projecting stud or screw head, which is arranged below the stud 14, the width of said screw head 28 being less than the width of the slot 9. This projecting head 28 is preferably employed to prevent unnecessary oscillation of the guides 8–22, relatively to the main body 1 of the plane iron carrier, but obviously it may be dispensed with.

In Fig. 12 I have shown cutters 2, 2a, 2b of three different sizes, said cutters being on a scale adapted to the scale of Figs. 4 and 5.

The frame 8 I have termed a composite guide, since it may be applied to either side of the cutter carrier. While in the drawings the outer edge of the guide 8 is shown as straight to furnish a bearing to parallel the sole of the cutter carrier, obviously this and other features may be modified in a variety of ways, so long as the results described are accomplished by means equivalent to those shown and in substantially the same way.

What I claim is:

1. In a tool of the character described, a cutter carrier comprising a body portion, a relatively long narrow obliquely arranged sole, a cutter therefor, a movable guide cooperating with said cutter carrier secured to the side thereof, said guide including a sole portion arranged obliquely to the adjacent side of the cutter carrier, the outer edge of said sole having a bearing paralleling the side of the sole portion of the cutter carrier.

2. In a tool of the character described, a cutter carrier including a long narrow sole arranged obliquely to the sides of the carrier, a bearing support for a cutter, and means for securing a cutter in said carrier, a cutter, a guide including two sides arranged obliquely, means for securing one of said sides to said cutter carrier, said means permitting said parts to partake of limited independent movement.

3. In a tool of the character described, a cutter carrier comprising a body portion, a long narrow sole portion arranged obliquely to the sides of the body, with means for supporting and securing the cutter, a cutter, means for holding said cutter carrier at an angle relatively to the work, and a connection between said means and said cutter carrier to permit said parts to move one on the other.

4. In a tool of the character described, a cutter carrier comprising a body portion, a long narrow sole portion arranged obliquely to the sides of the body, with means for supporting and securing the cutter, a cutter, means for holding said cutter carrier at an angle relatively to the work, a connection between said means and said cutter carrier to permit said parts to move one on the other, and means to limit the degree of movement of said parts in one direction.

5. In a tool of the character described, a cutter carrier comprising a body portion, a long narrow sole portion arranged obliquely to the sides of the body, with means for supporting and securing the cutter, a cutter, means for holding said cutter carrier at an angle relatively to the work, a connection between said means and said cutter carrier to permit said parts to move one on the other, and means to limit the degree of movement of said parts in one direction, said means being adjustable.

6. in a tool of the character described, a cutter carrier comprising a body, a long narrow sole at the base of said cutter carrier arranged obliquely to the sides, a cutter carried by said carrier, a scoring spur carried by said carrier at one edge of said sole and in advance of said cutter, and means for holding said cutter carrier at an angle relatively to the work, and a connection between said means and said cutter carrier arranged to permit relative independent movement of said parts without disturbing the angle of said cutter carrier to said work.

7. In a tool of the character described, a cutter carrier comprising a body, a long narrow sole at the base of said cutter carrier arranged obliquely to the sides, a cutter carried by said carrier, a scoring spur carried by said carrier at each edge of said sole and in advance of said cutter, means for holding said cutter carrier at an angle relatively to the work, and a connection between said means and said cutter carrier arranged to permit relative independent movement of said parts without disturbing the angle of said cutter carrier to said work.

8. In a tool of the character described, a cutter carrier including a body portion and a long narrow sole portion arranged obliquely to the sides of the body, and a guide including two obliquely arranged surfaces with means for operatively securing said guide to either side of said cutter carrier whereby in either position it will serve as a guide in the performing of work.

9. In a tool of the character described, a cutter carrier including a body portion and a long narrow sole portion arranged obliquely to the sides of the body, a guide including two obliquely arranged surfaces with means for operatively securing said guide to either side of said cutter carrier whereby in either position it will serve as a guide in the performing of work, and a second guide having right angle faces arranged under certain conditions to cooperate with said cutter carrier and the first mentioned guide.

10. In a tool of the character described, a cutter carrier including a body portion and a. long narrow sole portion arranged obliquely to the sides of the body, a guide including two obliquely arranged surfaces with means for operatively securing said guide to either side of said cutter carrier whereby in either position it will serve as a guide in the performing of work, and a second guide having right angle faces arranged under certain conditions to cooperate with said cutter carrier and the first mentioned guide, with means for permitting relative independent movement between said cutter carrier and said second guide without disturbing the operative angle of the cutter carrier to the work.

11. In a tool for forming undercut recesses, a cutter carrier comprising a main body and a relatively long narrow sole arranged obliquely to the sides of said body, a cutter carried by said carrier, a guide for said carrier, a sliding connection between said guide and carrier, a sole on said guide arranged obliquely to the side of said carrier when the parts are assembled in operative position, and a side bearing at the outer edge of said sole portion.

12. In a tool for forming undercut recesses, a cutter carrier comprising a main body and a relatively long narrow sole arranged obliquely to the sides of said body, a cutter carried by said carrier, a guide tor said carrier, a sliding connection between said guide and carrier, a sole on said guide arranged obliquely to the side of said carrier when the parts are assembled in operative position, a side bearing at the outer edge of said sole portion, and an adjustable stop for said sliding connection to limit the sliding movement of one part relatively to the other part in one direction.

13. In a tool for forming undercut recesses, a cutter carrier comprising a main body and a relatively long narrow sole arranged obliquely to the sides of said body, a cutter carried by said carrier, a guide for said carrier, a sliding connection between said guide and carrier, a sole on said guide arranged obliquely to the side of said carrier when the parts are assembled in operative position, a side bearing at the outer edge of said sole portion, an adjustable stop for said sliding connection to limit the sliding movement of one part relatively to the other part in one direction, and a scale on one of said parts arranged to cooperate with said stop.

14. In a tool of the character described, a cutter carrier including a main body, a relatively long narrow sole arranged obliquely to the sides of said body, a cutter carried thereby, a guide arranged to be secured to one side of said carrier, and a sole on said guide arranged obliquely to the side of the carrier, said securing means being arranged directly over the cutting edge of the cutter.

15. In a tool of the character described, a cutter carrier including a main body, a relatively long narrow sole arranged obliquely to the sides of said body, a cutter carried thereby, a guide arranged to be secured to one side of said carrier, and a sole on said guide arranged obliquely to the side of the carrier, said securing means being arranged directly over the cutting edge of the cutter, and including a stud and slot.

10. In a tool of the character described, a cutter carrier including a main body, a relatively long narrow sole arranged obliquely to the sides of said body, a cutter carried thereby, a guide arranged to be secured to one side of said carrier, and a sole on said guide arranged obliquely to the side ot the carrier, said securing ineans being arranged directly over the cutting edge of the cutter, and including a stud and slot, said stud being carried by the body of the carrier, said slot being formed in one side of the guide.

CHRISTIAN BODMER.

Witnesses:
W. J. WORAM,
I. W. CHAPMAN.