Tag: 1883

No. 289,459 – Spokeshave (Gary B. Smith) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”349″]289459

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

GARY B. SMITH, OF DENVER, COLORADO, ASSIGNOR TO ROBERT E. PERRY, OF SAME PLACE.

SPOKESHAVE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 289,459, dated December 4, 1883.
Application filed August 15, 18803. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GARY B. SMITH, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Denver, in the State of Colorado, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Spokeshaves; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to that class of spoke-shaves having adjustable bevel gage-stops, which serve to gage the spokeshave for chamfering; and the objects of this improvement are to fit the parts composing the bevel gage-stop without the aid of screws and to improve the construction of this class of spokeshaves, whereby the material (wood) can be accurately cut at all the desired angles.

With these and other objects in view my invention consists in a bevel gage-stop for a spokeshave, composed, essentially, of three parts united for angular inclinations. My invention further consists in the novel construction and combination of parts, as will be hereinafter more fully set forth.

In the annexed drawings, Figure 1 is a side view, partially in section, of my improved spokeshave. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the under side of the stock. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the bevel gage-stop. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the angle-plate. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the horizontal plate, and Fig. 6 is a plan view of the bar that connects the angle and horizontal plates.

In the manufacture of the spokeshave the stock A is preferably made of malleable iron, and is formed with two parallel grooves, b, extending in the direction of the length of the stock. The continuity of one of these grooves is broken about midway of its length by the throat-slot c, for the reception and passage of the plane-bit d and set-iron with its screw, as seen in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings. This stock is also formed at the opposite ends with the longitudinal slots e e, for the reception. and adjustment of the thumb-screws f, connected to the bevel gage-stops, hereinafter described; also, the continuation of the slots into and the enlargement of the same in the ends of the stock will permit of the ready removal of the stops. This is accomplished by loosening the set-screws f a little, then adjusting the stops until the set-screws drop through the enlarged openings. The bevel gage-stop B, as seen in Figs. 1 and 3, is essentially composed of the horizontal plate C, the angular face-plate D, and the diagonal connecting-bar E. The horizontal plate B is formed with two longitudinal tongues, h, arranged to fit and work in the grooves b of the stock. Its inner end is formed with an overlap-joint, i, for attachment to the transverse bar K of the angular face-plate D, and the plate is also formed with a longitudinal slot, in, for the reception of a rectangular or other shaped boss, n, on the upper end of the connecting-bar E. The opposite or lower end of the angular face-plate D is formed with a concave or depression, r, and a slot, s, in the concave part to receive the reduced portion and cross-bart of the connecting-bar, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings. The connecting-bar, in connection with the slot in the horizontal plate and thumb-screw, is for adjusting the inclination of the angular face-plate. By this construction of the members composing the bevel gagestop the parts are readily coupled together without the aid of auxiliary fastening means, and no portion of the connecting means projects beyond the face of the angular plate. The bevel gage-stops are attached to opposite sides of the plane-bit, as seen in Fig. 1 of the drawings, by means of the thumb-screws passed through the slots of the stock and connected to the rear ends of the connecting-bars of the gage-stops. To adjust the gage-stops to or from the plane-bit, or to secure a different angle to the face-plates D, the thumb-screws are loosened and the gage-stops are adjusted as desired, or the inclination of the face-plates set at the required angle, when the thumb-screws are again made secure.

This spokeshave is used substantially in the manner as those of the same class. I wish to reserve the right to vary the construc-
tion and arrangement of parts without departing from the spirt of the invention.

What I claim is —

1. In a spokeshave, the bevel gage-stop composed, essentially, of the slotted horizontal plate, the angular face-plate hinged to the inner end of the horizontal plate, and the adjustable connecting-bar loosely connected to the lower end of the faceplate with a set-screw, substantially as set forth.

2. In a spokeshave, the combination of the horizontal-plate formed at one end with an overlap joint, and the angular face-plate formed with the transverse bar for connection with the overlap-joint of the horizontal plate, whereby a hinge-connection is formed for the relative adjustment of the face-plate, substantially as described.

3. The bevel gage stop for a spokeshave, consisting of the slotted horizontal plate formed with the parallel ribs and overlap-joint, the angular face-plate formed with the transverse bar and the concave or depression, and the connecting-bar formed with the boss and the cross-bar, said members being organized substantially as described.

4. The improved spokeshave consisting, essentially, of the stock; formed with longitndinal slots enlarged at the outer ends, slotted plates with the angular face-plates and connecting-arms, said plates and arms being connected as described, and the thumb-screws, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

G. B. SMITH.

Witnesses:
JOHN W. WEBSTER,
AUBREY PERRY.

No. 289,332 – Joiner’s Plane (Henry B. Beach) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”348″]289332

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

HENRY B. BEACH, OF MERIDEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO
THE MERIDEN MALLEABLE IRON COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

JOINER’S PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 289,332, dated November 27, 1883.
Application filed September 10, 1883. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY B. BEACH, of Meriden, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented a new Improvement in Joiners’ Planes; and I do hereby declare the following, when taken in connection with accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, and which said drawings constitute part of this specification, and represent, in —

Figure 1, a sectional side view; Fig. 2, a top view; Fig. 3, a transverse section on line x x; Fig. 4, a transverse section on line y y; Fig. 5, a transverse section on line z z; Fig. 6, a transverse section through the clamping-bar h; Fig. 7, an edge view of the cap.

This invention relates to an improvement in that class of planes for joiners’ use in which the stock is made from cast metal, the object of the invention being a simple, ready, and positive adjustment and firmness of the plane-iron when once it is set in the required position; and the invention consists in the construction, as more fully hereinafter described, and particularly recited in the claims.

A represents the stock, made from cast-iron, fitted with the usual handle, B. Upon the inner surface of each side of the stock is a ledge, a, inclined in a line from the mouth, according to the pitch required for the plane-iron. These ledges form supports for the bed C, and on the upper surface of which the bed rests — that is to say, the bed lies upon these inclines. Below these inclined bearings a, and centrally between the two sides, a screw-stud, D. is set in a plane parallel with the inclines both vertically and horizontally, as seen in Fig. 1. From the under side of the bed a lug, E, extends downward, with an opening through it corresponding to the screw-stud D, and so as to pass freely over the stud.

F is a nut fitted to the screw-stud, and carrying a collar, b. The lug is recessed transversely to form a slot, d, to receive the collar b of the nut, and so that in placing the bed in its position the nut is first set into engagement with the slot d, then the bed moved down to carry the lug over the screw-stud, and so as to permit the nut to engage the screw; then turning the screw in one direction will move the bed downward, and in the reverse will draw it upward.

On the bed C the plane-iron G is placed, and over this the clamp H, and then upon that the clamp I, which is secured by a set-screw, K. The arrangement of the clamp whereby the plane-iron is secured to the bed may be any of the usual constructions.

As here represented, a headed stud, L, attached to the clamp I, passes through beneath the cap and iron and engages a slot in the bed below, so as to form a fulcrum for the clamp. Then the point of the clarnp bears upon the iron, the power being applied through the screw K to force the point into its clamping position — a usual and well-known construction. The bed is held down at its lower end by an L-shaped lug, e, engaging a corresponding L-shaped flange, f, on the stock. (See Figs. 1 and 5.)

In the usual construction of this class of clamps the screw is inade to bear at a central point and over a comparatively small surface. Unless the corresponding surfaces of the bed and plane-iron make a perfect fit between the two, the iron is easily thrown out of adjustment. To increase this bearing-surface of the adjusting-screw, I arrange a bar, h, in a slot transversely across on the under side of the head of the clamp, and it should be in length nearly the width of the plane-iron. This is engaged with the set-screw by upsetting the screw upon the under side of the bar, as seen in Figs. 1 and 6, but so as to leave the screw free to turn in the bar; hence by turning the screw in one direction the bar will be drawn into the slot, and turned in the opposite direction will be forced downward. This transverse bar affords a long surface of bearing upon the plane-iron, and so that the force of the screw is applied to that entire surface; hence so broad or extended a bearing upon the plane-iron is attained as to prevent the possibility of accidental displacement. In this class of planes in which a cap is employed in connection with the plane-iron a ditliculty is experienced in properly fitting the edge of the cap to the surface of the plane-iron, or to bring it into a firm and close bearing entirely across the face of the plane-iron, and if it be not thus perfectly fitted shavings will work between the two and inconvenience the workman. In the usual construction of cap the edge is drawn down thin and turned toward the plane-iron, so as to raise that portion of the cap back of its edge from the iron; then the set-screw i applied is relied upon to draw the cap properly onto the iron; but this set-screw is necessarily so far from the foot that unless both the iron and the cap are perfect in their construction the requisite fit cannot be attained. To overcome this difficulty I reduce the cap in thickness a little above the foot, as at l, Figs. 1 and 7 , so as to weaken the cap at that point. Then the screw is applied in the usual manner. The clamp bears upon the cap at this reduced point, as seen at Fig. 1, and applies a pressure which, because of the reduction in thickness of the cap, will cause the foot of the cap to spring into the shape to fit closely and entirely across the face of the plane-iron. This construction permits the cap to be drawn into close contact with the iron around the set-screw, as shown, thus making a firm connection between the cap and iron, so that dis-
placement of the cap is impossible, and the clamp serves to bring the foot of the cap into its proper relation to the face of the iron; and this construction also enables me to make the cap of thicker material than can be done where there is no such reduction in thickness, for without the reduction there must be sufficient spring in the cap to permit the screw which holds it in place to draw the cap down to the iron; but this reduction in thickness requires less power upon the screw, and also enables the clamp to properly hold the cap in place.

In adjustable mouth planes — that is, planes which have the bottom fore end adjustable, so as to take the forward edge of the mouth nearer to or farther from the iron, as occasion may require – a difliculty is experienced from the fact that the adjustable portion is liable to be forced against or into contact with the cutting-edge of the iron, consequently drilling the plane. To obviate this difficulty I construct the adjustable part M so as to be moved toward or from the mouth in the usual manner, and upon its upper surface form a socket, N, fitted with a female screw, the socket arranged to work in a longitudinal recess, O, in the stock, the recess being constructed with relation to the socket N so that the rear side of the socket will strike the rear end of the slot O just before the adjustable piece M will reach the edge of the iron, and through a slot, P, into the recess a set-screw, R, passes into the socket N to bind the adjustable part in any position to which it may be set.

The set-screw itself may form the stop, instead of the socket — that is, the slot P, through which the set-screw passes, may be of such length that the body of the screw will strike the forward end of the slot just before the adjustable piece M will reach the edge of the iron, it only being essential to this part of my invention that there shall be a stop to thus arrest the adjustable piece M.

I claim —

1. In a metal plane, the combination of the stock, constructed with inclined lugs a upon its two sides to support the bed, the bed C, arranged to ride upon said lugs, the screw-stud D, fixed in the stock and parallel with the plane of the bed, a lug, E, extending from the bed and arranged to work over said screw-stud, said lug constructed with a transverse recess, d, the nut F, constructed with the collar b, corresponding to the said recess d, and mechanism, substantially such as described, to clamp the iron upon the bed, all substantially as specified.

2. In a metal plane substantially such as described, the clamp I, by which the plane-iron is secured to the bed, combined with a transverse bar, h, and adjusting-screw K, substantially as specified.

3. In a joiner’s plane substantially such as described, the cap H, having its thickness reduced transversely near its foot, substantially as and for the purpose described.

4. In a joiner’s plane, the combination of a bed made adjustable, a plane-iron upon said bed, a clamp in connection with said bed, the cap H, reduced in thickness transversely near its foot, said clamp arranged to bear upon said cap near its reduced thickness, and mechanism, substantially such as described, to force said clamp to thus bear upon the cap, substantially as specified.

HENRY B. BEACH.

Witnesses:
E. A. MERRIMAN,
CHAS. WM. MANN.

No. 288,866 – Joiner’s Plane (Solon R. Rust And Arthur E. Rust) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”347″]288866

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

SOLON R. RUST AND ARTHUR E. RUST, UF PINE MEADOW, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNORS TO SAID
SOLON R. RUST, AND HENRY B. BEACH AND JOHN C. BEACH, BOTH OF MERIDEN, CONNECTICUT.

JOlNER’S PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 288,866, dated November 20, 1883.
Application filed September 10, 1883. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, SOLON R. RUST and ARTHUR E. RUST, of Pine Meadow, county of Litchfield, State of Connecticut, have invented an Improvement in Joiners’ Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improvement in that class of joiners’ planes in which the stock is constructed from metal, usually cast-iron.

In the more general construction of this class of planes the bed to which the plane-iron is clamped is arranged in guides or bearings formed in the sides of the stock. These require to be planed with great exactness, and the bed to be correspondingly fitted.

The object of our invention is to simplify the construction of the plane, so far as the fitting and guiding of the bed are concerned; and it consists in the arrangeinent of a guiding stud or studs in the stock, midway between its two sides, and on an incline corresponding to the inclined position required for the bed, which stud or studs serve as guides for the support and movement of the bed, and having cornbined therewith an adjusting-screw arranged in a plane parallel with the said stud or studs, and as more fully hereinafter described.

In the accompanying illustration, which forms part of this specification, Figure 1 represents a longitudinal section on line z z; Fig. 2, a top view; Fig. 3, a transverse section on line x x, and Fig. 4 a transverse section on line y y.

A represents the stock, of the usual form, provided with a handle, B. C is the bed on which the iron D rests, and is clamped by means of the cap E, the cap E provided with lugs as near its upper end, which pass under and embrace the bed, as seen in Fig. 3, the set-screw F serving to bring the point of the cap onto the iron near its edge, and so as to clamp the iron firmly to the bed; but this arrangement of clamping is immaterial to this invention, as the cap may be applied in any of the usual or well-known methods.

In the stock beneath the bed a stud, G, is arranged in a plane parallel with the position required for the bed. This stud is best set by drilling into the stock and setting a stud of the required diameter therein, as seen in Fig. 1. On the under side of the bed is a lug, H, at right angles to the bed, and through which a hole is bored corresponding to the stud G, and so as to pass thereon and move freely toward or from the mouth of the plane, the stud serving as a guide for such increment of the bed. This stud, placed centrally, as seen in Fig. 4, permits the bed to rock iroin right to left to adapt itself to the position of the plane-iron. The plane-iron, near the mouth b, takes a bearing on the stock, as at d, which gives the proper transverse position for the plane-irons. The bed will therefore adapt itself to this position of the stud. The lug H extends below the pivot and engages with an adjusting-screw, I. This adjusting-screw is threaded to tit a corresponding screw-hole, e, in the stock, and in a plane parallel with the axis of the stud G. This screw is provided with a collar, f, which engages a slot, l, in the lug H, and so that turning the screw in one direction forces the bed and the iron to more downward, and in the opposite direction upward, and whereby the edge of the iron may be set in the proper relation to the face of the plane. The stud G may be of sufficient length to take a bearing near the two ends of the bed, but we prefer to introduce a second stud, L, into the stock below, as seen in Fig. 1, for the support of the bed below; or two studs may be introduced, one parallel with the other and in the same plane horizontally, which will give two supports for the bed; but in such arrangement of studs the advantage of the rocking movement is not attained.

The introduction of the diagonal guiding-studs into the stock beneath the bed is much cheaper than the usual inclined side guides formed upon the inner surface of the sides of the stock.

What we claim as our invention is —

In a metal plane, the combination of the stock provided with one or more inclined studs, G, beneath the bed, the bed constructed with a. downwardly-projecting lug, H, constructed to ride on said stud as a support and guide, a screw arranged in the stock parallel with said stud and in engagement with the bed, the plane-iron, cap, and means, substantially such as described, for clamping the plane iron to the bed, all substantially as described.

SOLON R. RUST.
ARTHUR E. RUST.

Witnesses:
GEO. H. RICE,
EDW. E. KELLOGG.

No. 287,612 – Plane (Henry B. Beach) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”346″]287612

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

HENRY B. BEACH, OF MERIDEN, CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 287,612, dated October 30, 1883.
Application filed June 21, 1883. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY B. BEACH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Meriden, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in bench or block planes; and the object is to improve and simplify their construction, to dispense with the ordinary clamping-iron, and form of the shaving-turning iron the clamping-plate, to be adjusted by a screw through the upper surface and bearing against the bit or cutting-iron, a fulcrum-point being also formed on said shaving-turning iron or clamping-plate, which bears against the cross-bar formed on the body or frame of the plane.

The invention consists in the construction and arrangement of parts, as will be more fully described hereinafter, and more specifically pointed out in the claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts in the different figures of the drawings, in which —

Figure 1 represents a plan view of my plane. Fig. 2 is alongitudinal section of the same on the line x x. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section, showing the clamping-plate provided with the fulcrum-point. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the turning-iron.

In the accompanying drawings, A is the body or frame of the plane, cast with the ordinary opening, a, for the plane-iron or bit, and at the upper side with a cross-bar, b, as also with a lug, c, having its upper surface provided with a concave. Upon this lug the plane-iron or bit B rests, and is held in place by the shaving-turning iron C. This is provided with an elongated point or lug, d, as shown in Fig. 1, although it may be rounded off, as indicated by the dotted lines in the same figure, and as also seen in Fig. 4. This point d bears against or under the cross-bar b, when the screw e is set down against the plane-iron or bit, and forms a fulcrum against it. By screwing down the screw e, the point of the shaving-turner is firmly and evenly forced against the entire width of the bit, thus preventing shavings from getting between the bit and turning-iron and clogging it.

In Fig. 3 the clamping-plate D is provided with a similar fulcrum-point, d, which bears against the cross-bar b, as described above, and this plane is more especially adapted for block-planes, in which no shavings are to be turned out of the way.

A cap, f is cast on the turning-iron or clamping-plate, to prevent the hand coming in contact with the end of the bit or plane-iron. Said cap is shown and claimed in another application filed April 4, 1883, attached to a clamping-plate, and claimed therein.

The advantages of attaching the fulcrum-point to the shaving-turning iron or clamping-plate will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and among them are that a much longer fulcrum-point can be obtained. By adjusting the shaving-turning iron against the cross-bar on the frame, the lower point can be clamped much tighter and closer against the plane-iron or bit, and the shavings are turned out of the way without clogging the plane, the necessity of a strong screw-driver for adjusting the shaving-turner against the bit is obviated, and the screw with a milled head is easier to operate and to get at, and the cost of the plane is also greatly reduced.

The old clamping-plate can be used by inserting a lug with point in the elongated slot, as new employed.

I am aware that a central bearing-point has been attached to the cross-bar on the frame, and a clamping-plate adjusted against it by a thumb-screw; but said clamping-plate was plane, and could not form a shaving-turning iron, and I therefore disclaim such.

I am aware of the Patent No. 144,823, granted to Baldwin, also Patent No. 7,565, granted to Traut and Richards, as well as No. 279, 885, granted to Rust, and disclaim the construction therein shown; but

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. In a plane, the clamping-iron provided with central elevated ridge or point bearing against a bar secured to the body of the plane, so that in adjusting said iron. it will bear uniformly on the planing-iron, substantially as shown and specified.

2. In a plane, the clamping-iron provided with central elevated ridge or point bearing against the lower side of a transverse bar secured to the body of the plane, and adjusted by a screw bearing against the plane-iron, and uniformly pressing against said plane-iron at its lower end, to form a, shaving-turner, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I hereby affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

HEHRY E. BEACH.

Witnesses:
L. F. KELEHER,
J. M. YZNAGA.

No. 287,584 – Plane (Solon R. Rust And Arthur E. Rust) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”345″]287584

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

SOLON R. RUST AND ARTHUR E. RUST, OF PINE MEADOW, CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 287,584, dated October 30, 1883.
Application filed May 10, 1883. (Model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, SOLON R. RUST and ARTHUR E. RUST, of Pine Meadow, in the county of Litchfield and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, where —

Figure 1 is a view in longitudinal vertical section of a plane embodying our improvements on plane denoted by line x x of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a top view of the same. Fig. 3 is a detail view in cross-section on the line y y of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a detail end view of the carriage, looking from below.

Our invention has for its object the construction of planes cheaper and more readily adjusted to varied uses than the forms now in common use; and it consists in the special arrangement and combination of the parts for adjusting the cutting-iron and clamping the same, and in changing the character of the plane from a single to a double iron, as hereinafter more particularly described.

In the accompanying drawings, the letter a denotes a body of common form, and made of any desirable material, as iron; b, the usual mortise or opening through to the face of the plane; c, the cutting-bed; d, a transverse flange provided with the socket d’; e, a carriage having upon the lower side a tubular projection adapted to fit into and move longitudinally in the socket d’, and on its upper side the arms f, provided with the interiorly-projecting flanges or their equivalents.

On the carriage, and between the arms, rests the cutting-iron g, which is a flat piece of metal provided with a chisel-edge, and upon it, and also adapted to slide between the arms, is arranged the cap-iron and clamp h, which has upon each side the projections h’, which limit the forward movement of the clamp, and at its rear end, in a threaded socket, the clamp-screw h”.

The screw spindle i is rotarily secured in the tubular projection on the carriage, as by means of the transverse pin j, and its lower end projects into and operates in the nut formed in the body of the plane. This peculiar arrangement of the carriage enables it to have a rocking motion sidewise, or transversely of the plane, and at the same time makes it adjustable in the plane of the cutting-iron. This rocking motion of the carriage enables one to adjust the back of the plane-iron to a perfect bearing on the cutting-bed, and at the same time support and hold it against longitudinal motion.

The cap-iron is made to serve as a clamp by its lower edge, resting upon the cutting-iron near its lower end, passing under the flanges on the arms, which serve as fulcrums, and by being raised from the cutting-iron near the upper end by means of the clamp-screw, the lower end of which takes against the face of the iron. It serves the purpose of the ordinary cap-iron, when desired, and at the same time can be readily slipped back, leaving the plane in the form known as “single-iron” planes.

One peculiar and important feature of our invention consists of the combination of cap-iron and clamp, so arranged that the relative positions of the cutting-edge of the iron and the front edge of the clamp are not changed when the iron is adjusted to fix the thickness of shaving to be cut by the plane. The smoothness of the surface left after removing a shaving is determined by this relative position of cutting-edge of iron and edge of cap-iron, and once fixed in our device it remains constant, as described, while the thickness of the shaving may be varied by the adjustment of the carriage. This construction of parts is a great saving in expense over the ordinary method of arranging and combining the cutting-iron and the cap-iron, and possesses the further advantage of simplicity and ready adjustment to various uses.

The thickness of the shaving made by the plane is adjusted by means of the screw-spindle, which has a suitable head for operating with the thumb and finger.

In order to enable the tubular projection to slide readily, or to rock in the socket d’, we slab off, as seen in Fig. 3, portions of its upper surface, to decrease the bearing-surface within the socket. This, however, is not essential to the perfect operation of our device, as the carriage may have a downward projection resting in a guide-groove in the plane-body, or be adapted to rock in many ways obvious to the skilled mechanic on slight inspection of our device.

We claim as our invention —

1. In combination, a plane-body having a socket, and the carriage having at longitudinal reciprocation and also an transverse rocking motion in said socket, with means for adjusting said carriage, all substantially as described.

2. In combination, the plane-body, the carriage having a longitudinal motion and also a transverse rocking motion, and bearing the plane-iron and combined cap-iron and clamp, all substantially as described.

3. In combination with a plane-body and a carriage, substantially as hereinbefore described, the plane-iron and combined cap-iron and clamp, made, in one piece, the relative position of the two latter parts remaining unchanged when the plane-iron is adjusted to determine the depth of cut of the iron, all substantially as described.

SOLON R. RUST.
ARTHUR E. RUST.

Witnesses:
A. C. TANNER,
WM. H. MARSH.

No. 287,371 – Joiner’s Plane (William B. Fenn) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”344″]287371

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLIAM B. FENN, OF MERIDEN, CONNECTICUT,
ASSIGNOR TO FOSTER MERRIAM & CO., OF SAME PLACE.

JOINER’S PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 287,371, dated October 23, 1883.
Application filed June 30, 1883. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM B. FENN, of Meriden, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented a new Improvement in Joiners’ Planes; and I do hereby declare the following, when taken in connection with accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, and which said drawings constitute part of this specification , and represent, in —

Figure 1, a sectional side view; Fig. 2, a top view, with the plane-iron and clamp removed; Fig. 3, a rear view, the bed removed, showing the inclined guiding-sides and screw. Fig. 4, a perspective view of the bed removed, looking toward the under side; Fig. 5, a longitudinal section of the clamp through the T-shaped slot; Fig. 6, an under side view of the clamp; Fig. 7, a transverse section of the clamp on line x x of Fig. 5; Fig. 8, a transverse section of the bed, showing the T-shaped stud.

This invention relates to an improvement in that class of joiners’ or bench planes in which mechanism is employed to adjust the cutter with relation to the thickness of the shaving to be cut. In the more general construction of this class of planes the bed is fitted to work upon ways in the stock. These ways, as well as the bed, require to be shaped or fitted in the planing-machine, and this fitting of the bed and ways is an expensive part of the manufacture of the plane.

The principal object of my invention is to avoid this expensive part of the work; and the invention consists in the construction of plane as hereinafter described, and more particularly recited in the claims.

A represents the stock, which is of substantially the usual form; B, the bed upon which the plane-iron or cutter C is supported; D, the clamp by which the iron is secured upon the bed. E is the rest or support for the lower part of the plane-iron, and which terminates at the throat a.

The surface of the bed and the surface of the rest E must be in substantially the same inclined plane. In the rear end of the rest E, I introduce studs F F, projecting therefrom, and upwardly inclined in a plane parallel with the plane of the bed and rest. These studs are best made from round rods cut to the required length, and driven into corresponding holes in the rest.

The bed B is constructed with downwardly-projecting cars G, through which holes b are made corresponding to the studs F F, and so that the bed set upon the studs F will move freely thereon as guides, and the bed be retained in its proper relative position to the rest. The employment of these studs as guides is very much cheaper than the planed seat hitherto generally employed, as the holes for the studs as well as the corresponding holes in the bed are readily drilled by a pair of drills arranged for the purpose, so that the relative position of the two parts is assured.

To adjust the bed, a third stud, H, is arranged in the rest between the studs F F. This stud is screw-threaded, and in a lug, I, which extends down from the bed, a nut, L, is arranged. This nut is free for rotation, but prevented from longitudinal movement (here represented as so prevented) by a screw, d, through the lug into a corresponding annular groove in the body of the nut. The nut is fitted at its outer end with a head, M, by which it may be conveniently turned. The nut is internally threaded, corresponding to the stud H, and so that by turning the nut the bed will be moved accordingly.

Instead of two studs a single stud may be employed and accomplish a good result. I do not limit this part of my invention, therefore, to the employment of the two studs F F.

To engage the clamp with the bed, I construct the bed with an upwardly-projecting T-shaped stud, N, which will pass through the central slot in the plane-iron, so that the iron may be placed upon the bed and rest. The clamp D is constructed with a longitudinal slot, P, T- shaped in transverse section, as seen in Fig. 7. This slot is inclined from the lower end backward and upward from the plane of the under side of the plate, the opening of the slot being upon the under side.

The head of the stud N enters the lower end, R, of the slot, and then, as the clamp is forced downward, the inclined T part of the slot engages the shoulder of the stud N, as seen in Figs. 5 and 7, the incline acting as a wedge to draw the clamp down upon the plane-iron, and thereby serve to clamp the iron to the bed, and so that a quite firm engagement may be made by simply thus forcing the clamp downward; but to make a firm engagement a set-screw, S, through the clamp is provided, to bear upon the iron above the point where the stud N engages, and so that the stud forms a fulcrum upon which the clamp will act as a lever, its forward or lower end bearing upon the iron below the stud and the screw above.

Instead of making the inclined slot in the clamp and fixing the stud to the bed, this order may be reversed, and the inclined slot made in the bed and the stud fixed to the clamp. In such construction, it will be understood the incline will be reversed — that is, so as to draw the clamp toward the bed by the downward movement of the clamp.

Considerable difficulty is experienced in the use of this class of planes, from the fact that the great resistance offered to the working of the plane — as, for instance, in striking a knot — tends to turn the iron out of its proper position, the natural friction between the clamp and bed not being sufficient to hold the iron. To overcome this difiiculty, I apply to the clamp a facing, T, of non-metallic material, preferably of india-rubber. This is best made by the introduction of a strip of rubber across the lower end of the clamp, as seen in Fig. 1; but it may be applied at other positions, and advantageously so, at about the point where the screw bears — that is, an india-rubber or other non-metallic shoe may be applied to the lower end of the screw to bear upon the surface of the plane-iron — or this non-metallic bearing-surface may be arranged upon the bed, or upon the rest beneath the plane-iron; or it may be applied both to the clamp and to the bed, it only being essential to this part of my invention that there shall be a non-metallic bearing-surface for the plane-iron.

I claim —

1. In a plane substantially such as described, the combination of one or more inclined guiding-studs, F, fixed in the stock, the bed B, constructed to ride upon said inclined stud, mechanism, substantially such as described, to hold the plane-iron upon the bed, an inclined adjusting-screw and nut whereby said bed and the iron which it carries are made adjustable upon said stud, substantially as described.

2. In a plane substantially such as described, the combination of one or more inclined guiding-studs, F, the correspondingly-inclined screw-stud H, the bed B, constructed to ride upon said inclined stud, and the nut L, arranged in said bed, fixed as to longitudinal movement but free for rotation, substantially as described.

WILLIAM B. FENN.

Witnesses:
JOS. C. EARLE,
J. H. SHUMWAY.

No. 286,894 – Plane (Fortune L. Bailey) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”343″]286894

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

FORTUNE L. BAILEY, OF FREEPORT, INDIANA.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 286,894, dated October 16, 1883.
Application filed July 12, 1883. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, F. L. BAILEY, of Freeport, in the county of Shelby and State of Indiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use it, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification.

My invention relates to an improveinent in planes; and it consists, first, in the combination of the bearing-plate having the adjusting-screw swiveled thereto, the slotted bit which is attached by means of a set-screw to the plate which bears against its top, and a screw-bolt which passes through both of the plates and the bit, and which has the adjusting-screw to pass through its lower end; second, in a bit having a nut passed through its outer end, and a set-screw passed through the nut, so as to have its lower end bear against the lower plate, and thus adjust the angle at which the bit shall set, as will be more fully described hereinafter.

The object of my invention is to provide an attachment for the bits of planes, whereby the bit can be adjusted back and forth and set it at any desired angle without having to remove the bit from the plane-stock.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of a bit embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is an inverted view of the same.

A represents the lower or bearing plate, which has the lug B formed on the lower side of its outer end, and in which the adjusting-screw C is swiveled. This screw will be of any desired length, and is used to adjust the bit and the plate placed upon its top back, and forth in relation to the plate A. Through this plate A is made a vertical slot, D, of any desired length, and through which passes the screw-bolt E. This screw-bolt E has an enlarged perforated head upon its lower end, for the adjusting-screw to pass through, and receives a thumb screw or nut, F, upon its upper end, for the purpose of clamping the parts of the attachment tightly against the bit. The bit G also has a slot cut through it; but it need not necessarily be as wide nor as long as the one which is cut through the plate A. Through this slot is passed the bolt and the set-screw H, which secures the bit and the top plate, I, together. This top plate, I, and the bit are secured rigidly together by means of this set-screw, for the purpose of causing them to move together when the adjusting-screw is turned. The top plate may either rest solidly upon the bit, or it may be made in the form of a spring, as may be desired. Through the outer end of the bit is passed a nut or bushing, J, through which is passed the set-screw L. By means of this set-screw L the bit can be set at any desired angle in relation to the part A. Secured to the under side of the bearing-plate A is a suitable bracket, O, to rest on the top of the plane-stock when made of wood.

By means of the construction here shown and described, the bit may be adjusted back and forth without having to remove the parts from the plane.

I am aware that a slotted bit has been adjusted by means of screw-rods and nuts, which project up from the side of the body of the plane, and which rods have a connecting-plate passed over them, so as to bear against the outer end of the bit, and thus feed it forward, and this I disclaim. My invention differs from this in having the adjusting-screw swiveled directly upon the bearing-plate A, and which is made to adjust the bit by means of a screw-bolt which passes through the plate placed upon the top of the bit and the bit itself.

Having thus described my invention, I claim —

1. In a plane, the combination of the plate A, which is attached to the under side of the bit, with the inclined bracket O, which is secured to the under side of the plate, substantially as shown.

2. The combination of the bearing-plate A, which is secured to the under side of the bit G, and which plate is provided with the slot D, with the swiveled adjusting-screw C, which is attached at its outer end to the plate A, the screw-bolt E, which passes through the slots in the bit, the bit provided with the slot for the bolt to pass through, and the plate placed upon the bit, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with the bit, of a nut or bushing which is passed through its outer end, and the set-screw which is passed through the nut or bushing for the purpose of adjusting the inclination of the bit, substantially as specified.

4. The combination of the bearing-plate provided with a slot, the slotted bit, the set-screw, the plate which is placed upon the top of the bit, the screw-bolt which passes through both of the plates and the bit, the adjusting-screw for moving the bit back and forth, and the set-screw for regulating the angle at which the bit is placed, substantially as shown.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

FORTUNE LEWIS BAILEY.

Witnesses:
MARCUS B. CHADWICK,
LEVI W. WHITE.

No. 285,546 – Bench-Plane (Leonard Bailey) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”342″]285546

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

LEONARD BAILEY, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 285,546, dated September 25, 1883.
Application filed July 11, 1883. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEONARD BAILEY, of Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, whereby a person skilled in the art can make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

Like letters in the figures indicate the same parts.

Figure 1 is a plan view of the upper side of the plane in a line at right angles to the plane of the iron parts broken away. Fig. 2 is a side view of a plane having my improvement. Fig. 3 is a view in central vertical longitudinal section of same on line x x of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a view in cross-section on plane denoted by line y y of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a detail bottom view of my improved clamp. Fig. 6 is a detail side view of same.

My invention relates to the class of devices used for holding the cutting-iron of a plane in place in the body in such manner as to allow of the ready adjustment of the iron lengthwise in the usual manner.

It consists in the special combination and arrangement ofthe parts making up the clamping device, and in the method of fastening it in the plane-body.

In the accompanying drawings, the letter a denotes the plane-body as a whole, formed of any ordinary material, as iron; b and c, handles for grasping and using the plane; d, a cutting-iron of ordinary form arranged upon a bed, e, so as to be protruded from the usual mortise, f, by means of any slow-motion device, as a series of intermeshing cog-wheels, g, operated by means of the thumb-screw h.

There is nothing new or original with me in the parts described thus far, and no further description is needed for one skilled in making or using planes.

In the style shown the plane-body a is of iron, with the upright side flanges, a’ a”, and on the inner side of each of these danges the corresponding mortises, k k’, are made substantially parallel in direction with the plane of the cutting-iron, and a short distance above or in front of its upper surface.

The letter l denotes the clamp-plate, having the foot l’, adapted to bear upon the face of the cutting-iron, or on the cap-iron d’, placed just over and upon it, and having arranged upon its under side, just in front of a transverse shoulder, the laterally-projecting arm m, adjustably attached to the clamp-plate by means of the screw n. This arm is so arranged that its opposite ends fit into and move in the mortises in the flanges, and form the fulcrum on which the clamp works in fastening the irons in place. In the upper end of the clamp-plate is placed a clamp, o, consisting of a shaft, o’, which is rotarily secured with its lower end bearing upon the cutting-iron about on its center line, and bears the lever p, which extends beyond the edges of the clamp-plate, and operates in connection with the face-cam r on its under side.

The particular object of my invention is to secure a firm and even bearing for the foot of the clamp upon the irons under it, to provide simple means for regulating the pressure of the clamp at will, and yet have it constant for any given set of irons, and have all the requisite parts simple in form, combination, and operation.

The arm m is loosely attached to the clamp-plate, so that the foot of the latter may find a bearing for its whole length on the iron under it, and the ends of the arm at the same time bear upon the sides of the mortises when the clamp-plate is clamped.

The clamp-plate and arm may be connected, so that the arm will tilt or work by means of a rivet or short bolt; but I prefer to use the screw herein shown and described, as I can then adjust the amount of pressure put upon the parts in clamping the irons in place, and vary it as the parts wear, or for different irons adapted to the same body.

In the drawings the clamp is shown as locked; but it is unlocked by turning the lever about ninety degrees to the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1, as this allows the shaft to slip upward through the clamp as the lever moves along the cam. By pulling straight back, the clamp may be removed as the arms slide out of the mortises. By means of the screw n the arm is raised or lowered with respect to the clamp-plate and the binding force of the shaft-lever and cam is adjusted.

I am aware that clamp-plates bearing cam devices for fastening the irons in place are not new, and these I do not broadly claim.

I claim as my invention —

1. In combination, the plane-body having the side flanges with inward-facing mortises, and the clamp-plate bearing the loosely-attached arin, adapted to operate in said mortises and the clamp, all substantially as described.

2. In combination, the mortised plane-body, the clamp-plate bearing the adjustable arm attached thereto by the centrally-located screw, and having the face-cam, and the rotary shaft bearing the lever operating on said cam, all substantially as described.

3. In combination, in a plane having the lateral mortises or bearings, the clamp-iron bearing the loosely-connected arm arranged transversely of the clamp-iron, and adjacent to the arm, the shoulder, or its equivalent, whereby the arm is held against rotation, all substantially as described.

LEONARD BAILEY.

Witnesses:
CHAS. L. BURDETT,
E. F. DIMOCK.

No. 284,941 – Rabbet-Plane (John M. Bennett) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”341″]284941

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN M. BENNETT, OF GREEN ISLAND, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO
HENRY C. BAILEY, OF COVINGTON, KENTUCKY.

RABBET-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 284,941, dated September 11, 1883.
Application filed August 18, 1882. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN M. BENNETT, a citizen of the United States, residing at the village of Green Island, in the county of Albany and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Rabbet-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in rabbet-planes; and the objects of my improvements are to provide a strong and durable stock and base or bed-piece of suitable metal, having a cutter adjusted by means of a cap and screw, and also a guide or fence, so that it can be used with either hand and as a fillister. I attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which —

Figure 1 is a view in perspective of the plane complete. Fig. 2 is a view in perspective of the guide or fence. Fig. 3 is a view in perspective of the cap.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

The stock L extends along the right side of the base or bed-piece A and at a right angle thereto, and has a suitable handle, O, at the rear end thereof. At a suitable point in the base or bed-piece A a throat is cut through and entirely across said base or bed-piece, into which throat the cutting-edge of the cutter B is placed and worked. Running from the rear side of the throat upward, upon a proper angle toward the rear of the stock, and cast thereon or fastened thereto, is the cutter-rest M, which is straight and flat, and upon which the cutter rests.

The cap C is a littler shorter than the cutter-rest M, and at the end placed near the throat is of the same width as thecutter, and is flat upon the under side and beveled to an edge upon the upper side. The under side of the cap C is flat and slightly concave to a point from the lower end for about two-thirds its length, from which point it is straight and inclined slightly upward. The upper side of said cap C is irregular in form, being the highest and narrowest at the point where the slot K is cut, and slightly convex from thence to the lower end and concave to the upper end. It is obvious, however, that any other form from the beveled end upward that will give a bearing at the slot K and lower end, and by means of the screw J at the upper end properly hold the cutter B in its position, may be used. Passing through the upper end of the cap C is a screw, J — a thumb-screw being the most convenient — the lower end of which is in contact with the upper side of the cutter B, and by means of which the pressure of the cap upon the cutter is regulated and the cutter held firmly in position or removed. At the highest point of the cap C, and upon the upper side thereof, is out crosswise a slot, K, to admit therein the lug or brace D, by means of which the cap is prevented from moving lengthwise. The lug or brace D is cast upon or fastened to the inside of the stock L, at a point about midway the throat and the upper end of the cutter-rest M, and projects over and a little beyond the center of said cutter-rest. Its size and shape are such as to be adapted to the use to which it is to be put. Through the stock L, at the front side of the throat, is cut a perpendicular slot, G, of any required width and length.

The guide E is a flat smooth piece, of suitable material and size, having firmly attached an upright, with a shoulder, F, made to fit and work in the slot G, and thus keep the base-piece of the guide always parallel to the base or bed-piece A. This guide is placed upon the outside of the stock K, and firmly fastened thereto by means of a screw, N, which passes through the slot G and into a suitable opening, having a corresponding thread cut therein, in the said upright. This guide may be raised or lowered at pleasure, and thus regulate the depth of the cut of the plane. A suitable opening is made through the stock L, extending a short distance upward from the throat in a line with the cutter, to allow the cuttings of the cutter to pass away from the throat, and this opening, as well as the throat, should be of such size and shape as are best adapted to a free and easy discharge of the cuttings of the cutter.

The cutter may be of much the same kind as those in ordinary use in planes. The lower or cutting end is of the same width as the face of the base or bed-piece A, and continues that width the length of the opening aforesaid in the stock L, and is from thence of about the same width as the cutter-rest M.

The handle O is of proper size and shape to fit the hand, and may be east as a part of and with the stock. Thus the base or bed-piece A, the stock L, handle O, lug or brace D, and cutter-rest M may all be cast of iron or other suitable metal, at one time and in one piece, forming a tool that will not warp or wear and work to a sharp corner. The size, of course, may be such as is required.

I am aware that prior to my invention rabbet-planes have been made. I therefore do not claim such plane, broadly; but

What I do claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

In a plane, the stock L, having the slot G made through it, in combination with the guide E, provided with the flange F, and the set-screw H, for holding the guide in position, substantially as shown.

JOHN M. BENNETT.

Witnesses:
JNO. H. O’BRIAN,
PETER H. BUCKLEY.

No. 284,919 – Bench-Plane (William Steers) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”340″]284919

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLIAM STEERS, OF SHERBROOKE, QUEBEC, CANADA.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 284,919, dated September 11, 1883.
Application filed January 25, 1883. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM STEERS, a citizen of Canada, residing at Sherbrooke, in the county of Sherbrooke and Province of Quebec, Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Adjustable Composite Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to improvements in bench-planes; and it consists in the devices for adjusting the cap upon the cutting-iron, the movements of the cutting-iron, and the closing of the throat of the plane to suit the different materials to be dressed, and also in the construction of the metallic body or frame of the stock, all of which will be hereinafter more fully described, and set forth in the claims.

In the drawings forming apart of this specification, Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section. Fig. 2 is an under side view of the face of the plane. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the plane-iron on top. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the cap. Fig. 5 is a transverse section on as so of Fig. 1.

A is a lever, pivoted at a, having at its lower end a segment-rack, a’, which meshes with a worm-gear, B, that is supported upon a proper bearing or standard, B’, within the stock of the plane A’, which is in this case secured by a screw, a”, through the bottom plate, A”. This bearing or standard B’ also supports the lever A, and forms a bed at b for the plane-iron I, against which it is pressed by the screw J.

In the plane-iron, on top, is a groove, H, for the foot of the screw J. In the plane-iron I there are holes i i i, into any one of which the small end a”’ of the lever A can be inserted; and below the lever A is one of the holes j, for the insertion of the end of a set-screw, D. Said screw works in a nut, C, below the cap K, and through the orifice d in the cap, for a purpose to be hereinafter explained.

J is a straining or clamp screw, which works in the nut k on the end of the cap-iron K.

G G are studs projecting on the inside of the stock-frame A’, to lock the cap-iron K.

E is a strong spring attached at top to a standard, E’, and its lower end, e, made as wide as the throat of the plane, and forming a casing for the front edge, e, of it.

e’ is an adjusting-screw by which the spring E is made to close the throat to such an adjustment as may be required to suit the character of the material to be dressed.

The adjusting worm-screw B is set in the standard B’ by means of a neck, c, and a retaining-pin, c’, which will allow the screw to be rotated, but prevents its withdrawal.

The bottom plate, A”, is formed with wide grooves F F, in which are inserted hard-wood strips F’ F’, as seen in section, Fig. 5.

The set-screw D is inserted in the hole j, and when the cap K has been properly adjusted to the plane-iron I, the screw D is then tightened, so that the nut C clamps the cap-iron K in its position; and by this device the plane-iron, when removed from the plane to be sharpened, will come to the same position each time, after being sharpened, without any further adjustment, as screw D will be dropped into the same hole each time.

The series of holes i i, &c. , in the plane-iron I is for the purpose of being used successively as the iron is ground away in sharpening, and they are at such a distance apart as to be accommodated to the other devices in connection therewith.

I claim —

1. In planes, the cap-iron K, provided with a slot, a set-screw having a free end passing through said slot, which enters the plane-iron, as shown, and a clamping-nut for fastening the screw at any point in the slot, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. The cap-iron K, having a clamping-nut and screw, constructed as described, in combination with the plane-iron having a series of holes, andthe lever A, which enters one of said holes, substantially as described.

3. The combination of the spring-plate E, located in the throat of a plane, with the standard E’ and the adjusting-screw e’, substantially as and for the purpose described.

4. The metallic face-plate having longitudinal ribs and transverse ribs forming the throat of the plane, combined with wooden strips, as F’, inserted between the ribs, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature, in presence of two witnesses, this 18th day of December, 1882.

WILLIAM STEERS.

Witnesses:
JOHN WILLIAMSON STOCKDALE,
J. D. JOHNSON.

No. 284,777 – Beading-Tool (Justus A. Traut) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”339″]284777

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE
STANLEY RULE AND LEVEL COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

BEADING-TOOL.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 284,777, dated September 11, 1883.
Application filed June 12, 1883. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Beading-Tools, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in beading-tools; and the objects of my improvements are the convenient adjustment for different sizes of cutters, and to make a cheap, efficient, and convenient tool especially adapted for forming beads. I attain these objects by the simple construction illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which —

Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved beading-tool. Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof. Fig. 3 is a reversed plan view. Fig. 4 is a side elevation of one part of the stock. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the confronting face of the companion part of the stock. Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the gage; and Fig. 7 is a vertical section of my beading-tool on line x x of Fig. 1, the same being represented with the cutter as drawn up a little, in order to better show the lower working faces of the stock.

My beading-tool is designed for use by hand, the same as other bench-tools — such as plows, planes, &c. — and belongs to that class of tools known under the general term of “bench-planes.”

A designates the main portion of the stock, the same being provided with a suitable handle, a, either separately formed and attached thereto or made all in one and the same piece, as may be desired. This part of the stock, instead of being specially designed for a beading-tool and nothing else, may, if desired, be so formed as to constitute a part of a plow, dado, or other planing-tool. A’ designates the companion part of the plane-stock. Both of these parts have a groove, b, Figs. 4 and 5, upon their inner face, for the reception of a cutting-bit or cutter, and when the parts are put together these grooves are directly opposite to each other, and form, in substance, a single seat for the two edges of one cutter, c. The two parts of the stock are united by means of guide-rods B B, which are rigidly secured to the main part A of the stock, while the companion part, A’, is arranged to slide upon said rods. This companion part, A’, of the stock is provided with a screw or bolt, d, which is rigidly secured to said part, and which passes through an orifice in the main part A of the stock. The end of this screw is provided with a thumb-nut, g, which, with the screw d, acts as a clamping mechanism. The working-faces s s of the stock A and A’ are quite small and narrow, as shown. The cutter c, of any desirable width, is placed with its two opposite edges in the groove b in the stock, and the thumb-screw g is tightened to bind said cutter edgewise firmly in place. This arrangement not only allows for inserting cutters of different widths and of different shapes at the cutting end, but also constitutes a new means for clamping a cutter within the stock, and the ordinary means for securing the cutter are thereby dispensed with.

Upon the rods B B, which connect the two parts of the stock, the gage C is secured, and provided with set-screws h for adjusting it in any desired position. This gage is recessed upon its inner face, as shown at k, Figs. 1 and 6, so that it may receive bodily into it the lower edge of the part A’ of the stock, and thereby cover up, on one side of the tool, that portion of the cutter c which cuts a groove by the side of the bead, so that the tool may be used for forming a bead at the corner of an article when desired.

n n designate spurs for cutting the grain of the wood, which spurs are substantially the same as in other tools of this class.

D designates the bottom gage for regulating the depth of the cut, which gage is substantially the same as that used in plows and analogous tools. The grooves b in the stock are formed with the bottom substantially flush with the outside of the stock at its lower end, as shown most clearly in Fig. 7, whereby the outer faces of the stock are always substantially flush with the outer vertical faces of the cutter, no matter what width of cutter is secured between the two parts of the stock. This fea-
ture in a plane-stock composed of two parts, so as to always bring the outer vertical faces of the stock in proper position to the cutter, is found in am prior patent issued to myself March 4, 1873, but 11ot in connection with the manner of clamping the tool hereinbefore described.

I claim as my invention —

In a bench-plane, the combination of the two-part stock having cutter-grooves formed in the confronting faces of said parts, for receiving the edge of the cutter, and mechanism for binding the two parts of the stock upon the cutter to clamp it edgewise, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
HENRY S. WALTER,
WILLIAM j. WORAM.

No. 284,732 – Bench-Plane (Arthur T. Goldsborough) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”338″]284732

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ARTHUR T. GOLDSBOROUGH, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 284,732, dated September 11, 1883.
Application filed March 29, 1883. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR T. GOLDSBOROUGH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Washington, in the District of Columbia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Metallic Bench-Planes; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in carpenters’ bench-planes; and it consists in providing a metallic plane of substantially the ordinary form, with two blades or bits especially adapted for use on coarse and fine work, respectively, but which may be used interchangeably; and, further, in so arranging said bits that all locking devices are dispensed with, the blades being arranged on convergent intersecting lines, so that the idle one, by being forced against its companion through the me-
dium of its adjusting-screw, acts to securely hold it in the desired position.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation, showing the general plan of construction and arrangement. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the stock or frame, the bits and adjusting-screws being removed. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the stock or holder, having a portion of the bridge and frame broken away to show the course of the interior grooves. Figs. 4 and 5 are detail views of the bits, showing the preferred mode of connecting the adjusting-screws thereto.

Similar letters denote like parts.

A represents the stock or frame, which is in many respects similar to those now in use.

G is a cross-piece or bridge, preferably formed integral with the remainder of the frame, and it is slitted and apertured as shown. The slits g g’ form entrances to grooves h h’, formed in the body of the stock, which grooves lead from the said slits and converge at the throat E, intersecting a short distance above that point. The circular apertures i i’ are internally screw-threaded, and lie in the same plane as the slits and grooves.

The bits B B’ are of ordinary shape and bevel, and are formed with spherical or T-shaped slots F at their upper ends.

The screws C C’ are provided with milled heads, and with spherical or T-shaped extensions b b’ at their inner ends, which register with the slots F. The screws C C’ are to be used in the apertures i i’ interchangeably, and are consequently of the same diameters.

The bits are placed in their respective slots, and the. heads b b’ in the slots F, when by turning the screws the bits are forced down until their converging ends meet, or until the heel of the bevel of one bit rests against the under or upper side of the bit, below or above it, as the case may be, when they will be securely locked each by the other. The lower bit having its beveled side up, and the upper one its beveled side down, it will be seen that the angle of contact between the bits is such that the cutting-edges never interfere, the bits touching only with the heel of one against the flat surface of the other. It is intended to use the upper bit for coarse work and the lower or reversed one for finishing.

The screw C is here shown longer than the one C’. Being interchangeable, it is preferred to exchange them when reversing the position and function of the bits in order to have them project about an equal distance from the bridge.

It will be found convenient to provide a spare screw of extra length for use when either of the bits becomes very much shortened. The same screw may be also used to lock the upper bit if it should be found desirable to use one bit only, the end of the screw acting as a wedge, and resting against the under side of the bit and the upper side of the interior of the stock.

By means of an aperture, D, any convenient instrument can be inserted to force the bits from one side to the other, they being allowed the ordinary amount of lateral movement, and it also allows the position and relation of the locking to that of the cutting blade to be observed. For planes of larger sizes a rear handle of any of the well-known forms will be added.

Having described my invention, I claim —

1. A bench-plane having a pair of blades or bits permanently arranged therein on convergent lines, said lines intersecting and crossing at a point above a common throat, substantially as set forth.

2. A bench-plane having a pair of cutting blades or bits arranged on convergent intersecting lines, a pair of interchangeable adjusting-screws detachably secured thereto, and suitable stock or frame, substantially as set forth.

3. In a bench-plane, a stock or frame formed with a pair of grooves intersecting at a point above the throat and diverging therefrom, and a bridge or brace forming part thereof, and slitted to form continuatious of said grooves, and adapted to allow the insertion and adjustment of the cutting blades or bits and controlling device, substantially as described.

4. A bench-plane consisting, essentially, of the combination of a stock or frame formed with a pair of grooves intersecting above the throat and diverging therefrom, and a bridge slitted to form continuatious of said grooves, a pair of cutting blades or bits adapted to be moved in convergent intersecting lines therein, and adjusting-screws detachably secured thereto, and having bearings in said bridge, whereby the bits may be used independently or as cutters and locking devices, respectively, substantially as set forth.

5. As an article of manufacture, a bench-plane having a pair of cutting blades or bits arranged on convergent intersecting lines, said bits being adapted for use as cutting and locking devices, respectively and interchangeably, a pair of interchangeable adjusting-screws detachably secured to said bits, and a suitably grooved and apertured stock or frame, substantially as set forth.

6. A plane stock or frame having the lateral apertures D located at the intersection of the cutting and locking blades, as set forth.

7. The combination, with stock A, formed with grooves h h’ and throat E, and the slitted and apertured bridge G, of the bits B B’, and adjusting-screws C C’, substantially as shown and described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ARTHUR T. GOLDSBOROUGH.

Witnesses:
JOHN H. DEWANDELAER,
FRANKLAND JANNUS.

No. 280,175 – Match-Plane (Philip Hickey) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”337″]280175

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

PHILIP HICKEY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

MATCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 280,175, dated June 26, 1883.
Application filed April 28, 1883. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PHILIP HICKEY, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Match-Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The main object of this invention is to adapt a match-plane for it to be used for the making both of a tongue and a groove fitting each other without changing the plane or bit iron, and also another object is to adapt a match-plane, by simply substituting one plane or bit iron for another, for the making of tongues and grooves of varying widths, but as to the grooves and tongues made by either of the irons so substituted, secure the perfect fitting or jointing.

In this improved match-plane the bit or plane iron is of a forked shape at its cutting-edge — that is, it has two separate cutting edges or blades, between which is an opening of a width which determines the width of tongue cut by the plane and the cutting-blade. The outer of the two, relative to the working-face of the gage upon the bottom or sole of the plane, is of a width equal to the width of said opening between the cutting-blades, or, in other words, of the width of the tongue out by the plane, and said gage is attached to the bottom or sole of the plane-stock, so as to be adjusted transversely thereon, and set either for the cutting of a tongue with both of the blades, or of a groove with said outer blade only of the two blades. The other blade being covered by said gage is thus put out of operative position, and all in a manner to secure a perfect fitting of said tongues and grooves so cut when joined together, and otherwise, substantially as hereinafter described.

In the accompanying plate of drawings the present improved plane is illustrated, Figure 1 being a side view; Fig. 2, a longitudinal vertical section through the plane and gage; Fig. 3, a face view of the bottom or sole with gage adjusted and set for the cutting of a tongue. Fig. 4 is a cross vertical section on line 4 4, Fig. 1; Fig. 5, a cross vertical section on line 5 5, Fig. 1, which is along the upper face of the plane or bit iron; Fig. 6, a similar view to Fig. 5, but with the gage adjusted and set for the cutting of a groove instead of a tongue, as in Fig. 5, and in the preceding figures. Fig. 7 is a face view of the plane or bit iron detached, and Fig. 8 a cross-section on line 8 8, Fig. 7.

In the drawings, A represents the stock of a match-plane; B, the plane or bit iron, made of a fork shape, or, in other words, with two cutting blades or edges, C D, leaving an opening, E, between them; F, the wedge for fastening the plane-iron B in position; G, the bottom or sole of the stock A; H, the toat or handle, and J the gage running along the length of the sole or bottom G to the stock, and otherwise, except as hereinafter particularly described, the same as ordinary in match-planes for cutting a tongue along the edge of a board, the width of which is determined by the width of the opening E between the two cutting-blades C D.

The cutting-blade C, which is the outer one of the two blades C D relating to the working-face a of the gage J, in its position for the cutting either of a tongue or groove, as the case may be, (see Figs. 5 and 6,) is of a width equal to the width of the opening E between the two cutting-blades, and in the use of this plane, as will hereinafter appear, it of itself and alone cuts the groove.

The gage J is attachable to and detachable from the sole or bottom G of the plane-stock A, and is secured in place by a headed screw-bolt, K, and screw-nut L.

The bolt K passes loosely through the thickness of the gage J and a slot, b, of a plate, c, attached to and covering a recess, d, in the bottom. or sole G of the plane, and the bolt-head f is in said recess, and the recess d, together with said slot b, are in a line at right angles to the working-face a of the gage J, and of a length to allow thc gage to be laterally adjusted upon the sole G of the plane for the purposes of this invention.

g g2 are two projecting pins, one near each end of the sole of the plane, and in a parallel line with the working-face a of the gage.

m m2 and n n2 are four holes to receive the pins g g2. These holes are situated two at each end of the face of the gage which is next to the sole of the plane, and the two at each end are in a line at right angles to the working-face of the gage, and at a distance from each other axially equal to the width of the tongue M which the plane-iron B is adapted to cut, and they are otherwise so arranged that the gage can be set upon the pins g g2 of the plane either by the two holes m and m2 or by the holes n and n2, in each instance one at each end of the gage, and when so set in either case have the working-face a of the gage in proper position for working against the face of the board to be tongued or grooved along its edge.

To set the gage J by either of its holes m and m2 or n n2 upon the pins g g2 of the plane, it is only necessary to first release the fastening nut and bolt K L, and then, having placed it by its holes desired upon the pins, to tighten up said bolt and nut, thus firmly fixing the gage in place. With the gage J adjusted and set as described, by its holes m and m upon the pins g g2 of the plane, the plane is adjusted for the cutting of a tongue, M, as shown in Fig. 5, and with the gage adjusted and set as described, by its holes n and n2 upon said pins, the plane is adjusted for the cutting of a groove, N, as shown in Fig. 6. In the first instance said setting of the gage exposes the two blades C D of the plane-iron for cutting the edge of the board, and in the second instance said setting of the gage leaves only one cutting-blade, and that the outer, C, of the two blades relative to the working-face a of the gage, and covers up the other blade, D, or, in other words, places it out of operative position, and as the distance between the holes m m2 and n n2 of each set of holes equals the width of tongue which the plane-iron B can cut, and the width of the outer cutting-blade, C, equals also the width of said tongue, it is obvious that by these two adjustments of the gage, together with a plane-iron having an outer cutting-blade, C, and an opening between it and the other cutting-blade, D, of equal width, the same plane, using only one plane-iron, is capable of adjustment for the cutting either of a tongue or of a groove, which tongue and groove, when cut, will fit each other and secure a perfect match, of course provided boards are used of the proper thickness.

To render the gage adjustable with the substitution of plane-irons for the plane-iron B, particularly shown in the drawings — that is, plane-irons having a different width of opening E between their two cutting-blades C D, and their outer cutting-blade equal to the width of said opening — and thus to render one and the same plane capable of cutting grooves and tongues of different widths, but in each instance, with the use of any iron, secure a tongue and a groove of the same width when the gage is properly adjusted therefor, the gage is provided with a series of holes — such as o o2 and p p2 — arranged and located and otherwise in every respect similar to the holes m m2 n n2, before described, varying only in this respect, (if it may be termed a variation,) that the transverse distance of each of said sets of holes corresponds to the width of groove and tongue which the plane is to and can cut when another plane-iron of different width of opening E between its cutting-blades and a width of outer cutting-blade corresponding thereto is substituted for the plane-iron B, particularly shown in the drawings, and the gage is properly placed with its set of holes o o2 p p2 belonging to the so-substituted plane-iron.

As the pins of the plane and the setting-holes m m2 n n2 of the gage are fixed points, in order to insure the proper locating of different plane-irons in the plane relative thereto, a groove, s, is made in the back of the outer cutting-blade, C, of each plane-iron, (see Figs. 7 and 8,) to fit over the edge t of the plane opposite to that of the gage, and, as the pins g g2 of the plane and the setting-holes m, m2, n, and n2 of the gage are located in the drawings, the groove is along the center line of the width of said cutting-blade; but it is plain that, were either the setting-holes or the pins located differently relative to the position of the plane-iron in the plane, the position of said groove would be necessarily changed. The pins g g2 may be on the gage and the holes m m2 n n2 in the plane, and, as is obvious, these means absolutely insure the adjustment herein described of the gage to the plane-iron used. It is plain, however, that other means might be substituted for said pins and holes, and yet insure absolutely said adjustments of the gage.

The screw-nut of the fastening device for the gage is preferably countersunk in a recess, u, of the gage, and in lieu of the fastening device for the gage particularly described and shown others may be substituted.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. In a match-plane, a plane-iron, B, having cutting-blades C D, with an opening, E, between them, and the outer blade of the width of the tongue to be cut and of said opening, in combination with a gage, J, adapted for arbitrary and rigid adjustment, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. In a match-plane, a plane-iron, B, having cutting-blades C D, with an opening, E, between them, and the outer blade, C, of the width of the tongue to be cut and of said opening, in combination with a gage, J, adapted by pins g g2 and holes m m2 n n2, together with a suitable fastening device, to be adjusted, substantially as described, for the purposes specified.

3. In a match-plane, a plane-iron, B, having cutting-blades C D, with an opening, E, between them, and an outer blade, C, of the width of the tongue to be cut and of said opening, and adapted to interlock; with the flange or rib t of the plane, in combination with an adjustable gage, substantially as and for the purpose described.

4. In a match-plane, a plane-iron, B, having cutting-blades C D, with an opening, E, between them, and the outer blade, C, of the width of the tongue to be cut and of said opening, in combination with a gage adapted by sets of pins g g2 and holes m, m2, n, and n2, together with a suitable fastening device, to be adjusted for different plane-irons of the above-said construction, substantially as and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

PHILIP HICKEY.

Witnesses:
EDWIN W. BROWN,
WM. S. BELLOWS.

No. 279,885 – Bench-Plane (Solon R. Rust And Arthur E. Rust) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”336″]279885

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

SOLON R. RUST AND ARTHUR E. RUST, OF PINE MEADOWS, ASSIGNORS TO THE MERIDEN PATENT NOVELTY COMPANY, OF MERIDEN, CONN.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 279,885, dated June 19, 1883.
Application filed February 24, 1883. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, SOLON R. RUST and ARTHUR, E. RUST, citizens of the United States, residing at Pine Meadow, in the county of Litchfield and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

Our invention relates to improvements in what are termed “block-planes;” and the object is to produce a plane in which the bottom or face of the plane can be easily adjusted to the iron by means of a hinge motion in back part of plane, and to produce a clamping-bar with central point bearing against a central bearing, cast solid with the frame without a core, and to form a check-nut and knob on the adjusting-screw, and also to simplify the general construction and operation.

Our invention consists in constructing a block-plane so that the plane bit or iron which projects through the mouth or opening can be adjusted, as desired, to form an open or close mouth, and to suit the nature of the work to be performed in an expeditious manner. The bottom or face of the plane is hinged to the rear part of the skeleton frame or stock, and is adjusted by means of a flat wheel on an adjusting screw or stud, and fitting with one side under lugs cast on the frame at its front end, and with the other side against two cross-bars, also cast on said frame. A check-nut and knob on said adjusting-screw secures and locks the wheel in place.

It also consists in holding the bit or plane-iron in place by a screw in the clamping-bar against said iron, while said clamping-bar bears with its upper side against a central point east solid in the frame, and which forms a fulcrum for it. The lower side of the plane-iron rests against two cross-bars, also cast solid with the frame.

It also consists in adjusting the open and close mouth without a movable front piece; and it also consists in the construction and arrangement of certain parts of a plane, as will be more fully described hereinafter, and specifically pointed out in the claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon.

Like letters indicate like parts in the different figures of the drawings, in which —

Figure 1 represents a side elevation of the plane. Fig. 2 is a top view of the same. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of the same. Fig. 4 is a top view of the bottom of the plane. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of the same. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section of the frame. Fig. 7 is a top view of the same. Fig. 8 is an end view of the same.

In the drawings, A represents the skeleton frame or stock, consisting of the side pieces, a a, connected by a series of cross pieces or bars, one of which, b’, forming the hinge-pin for the bottom B, and another one, c, being the central bearing for the clamping-bar C. The bottom is provided with a lug, b, into which the bar b’ fits, and is held in place by a clamping-plate, b”, and screw b”’. At the forward end of the plane is arranged a screw, D, upon which a flat milled wheel, E, is screwed, fitting with its upper surface under lugs d, cast on each side or wall of the frame, and with its lower surface bearing on two bars, e and f. A milled clamping-screw or check-nut, F, secures the wheel in its locked position. By this arrangement the bottom or face of the plane can be adjusted, to a nicety to the plane iron or bit. The bars e and f are provided with raised parts e’ and f’, to form a more perfect adjustment for the wheel. The clamping-bar C secures the plane iron or bit G in position by means of a screw, g, which forces the bar G against a central bearing, h, on the bar c, cast solid with the frame and without the use of a core. The lower side of the plane iron or bit rests on two cross-bars, i k, also cast on the frame. The bottom is provided with two curved ears, l, which it closely into corresponding recesses formed in the frame, and they serve to hold the bottom in position and prevent any lateral movement. It will be readily seen that by screwing the face or bottom close down or tight, and setting the iron or bit, an open mouth is formed; and by letting the face or bottom down and then setting the iron or bit a very close mouth is obtained. A much greater pitch is also obtained by having the adjustment at the front end of the plane than if on the back under the cutting-iron, which is a great advantage, as it makes a much smoother cut. The bit can be adjusted nicely to coarse or fine work.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. In a plane, a flat wheel, E, for adjusting the size of the throat of the plane, and having its bearings on the bars e f and under lugs d, as shown, in combination with ascrew, D, secured to the hinged bottom B, substantially as specified.

2. The adjustable bottom B, hinged at the rear end of the frame A by means of a bar, b’, having bearings in a lug, b, and held by a clamping-plate, b”, and adjusted at the front end by a screw, D, and wheel E, in the manner shown and set forth.

3. The frame A, provided with a bar, c, having a central bearing, h, for forming a fulcrum for the clamping-bar C, provided with a screw, g, by which the bit G is held in place in the plane, substantially as specified.

4. The skeleton frame A, provided with bars e f and lugs d d, forming bearings for the wheel E, a bar, c, having central bearing, h, against which the clamping-bar G bears, and the pivot-bar b’, forming the hinge-bar for the adjustable bottom, and all cast in one piece, as set forth.

5. The method of and means herein described for adjusting the bottom B to form an open and close mouth — that is to say, connecting the bottom to the frame by a hinge-joint, b b’ b”, and adjusting it by a screw, D, and wheel E, substantially in the manner shown and specified.

6. In a plane, a wheel, E, for adjusting the size of the throat, having bearings on bars e f, and under lugs d, and a lock-nut, F, for securing said wheel, in combination with the screw D, secured to the hinged bottom B, as shown and described.

7. The combination of a hinged bottom, B, provided with curved ears l, fitting into corresponding recesses in the sides of the skeleton frame A, with a bit, G, held in place by a clamping-bar, C, and thumb-screw g, the stationary screw D, and wheel E, for adjusting the bottom, substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

8. The plane herein described, consisting of the skeleton frame A, to which the bottom B is hinged adjustably, in combination with a screw, D, clamping-wheel E, check-nut F, bit G, clamping-bar C, with screw g, and central bearing-point, all constructed and arranged substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof we hereby affix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

SOLON R. RUST.
ARTHUR E. RUST.

Witnesses:
E. M. CHAPIN,
E. E. KELLOGG.

No. 277,767 – Bench-Plane (Frank A. Mershon) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”335″]277767

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

FRANK A. MERSHON, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 277,767, dated May 15, 1883.
Application filed March 1, 1883. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK A. MERSHON, a citizen ofthe United States, and a resident of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Molding-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of molding-planes in which a wooden stock is combined with a detachable sole-plate; and the object of my invention is to afford means for readily attaching the sole-plate to and detaching it from the stock, and for steadily retaining the former on the latter, as fully described hereinafter.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved molding-plane, showing the sole-plate detached; Fig. 2, a transverse section, and Fig. 3 a longitudinal section of part of the plane.

The stock A of the plane is of wood and the sole-plate B of metal, the under side of this plate having such longitudinal ribs and grooves as the pattern of the molding to be planed may require. The sole-plate has at each end a transverse flange, a, and a longitudinal flange, b, fitted snugly in a recess in the stock, as shown in Fig. 2. There is at each end of the stock a spring-catch, D, for retaining the sole-plate, each catch consisting in the present instance of a spring, e, secured to the stock, and having a pin, d, for entering a hole in the transverse flange a. The stock, it should be understood, is cut away at each end to receive the said flange, and is further cut away to permit the free play of the spring, the flange being so rounded at the upper edge on the inner side that when the stock is applied to the sole-plate by depressing the former onto the latter the springs will yield without being manipulated, and will recoil when the stock reaches the plate, the pins entering the holes in the flanges, and thus holding the two parts of the plane together.

While the spring-retainers will suffice to hold the plate in place, I prefer, as an additional security, to use two set-screws, E, each provided with a head, f, constructed for the convenient turning of the screw by the finger and thumb, the stem of the screw passing through the stock, and its threaded end being adapted to a threaded projection, m, on the sole-plate. This projection is made tapering, and is adapted to an orifice of corresponding form in the under side of the stock. Even if no set-screws are used, I prefer to make these projections on the plate, as they facilitate the adjustment of the stock to its proper position on the plate, and serve as steady-pins for determining the proper lateral and longitudinal relation of the plate to the stock.

It will be seen that whenever a change in the pattern of the molding is required the plate can be readily detached to make way for another, the under side of which conforms with the desired molding, a change of plane irons or bits F being also required. The pins d are preferably tapered, so that they tend to draw the sole-plate firmly to its seat on the stock.

I claim as my invention —

1. A molding-plane in which a stock, A, provided at the ends with spring-catches, is combined with a sole-plate, B, having flanges a, constructed to be retained by the said catches of the stock, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of the stock A, and a detachable sole-plate having tapering projections adapted to it closely correspondingly-tapered orifices in the stock, and devices, substantially as described, for securing the plate to the stock, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of the stock A and its spring-catches with the flanged sole-plate and its tapering projections m, adapted to orifices in the stock, substantially as specified.

4. The combination ot the stock A, its spring-catches, the flanged sole-plate, and its tapering projections m, with the set-screws E.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FRANK A. MERSHON.

Witnesses:
HARRY L. ASHENFELTER,
HARRY SMITH.

No. 277,556 – Bench-Plane (Daniel M. Fielding) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”334″]277556

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

DANIEL M. FIELDING, OF DECATUR, ILLINOIS.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 277,556, dated May 15, 1883.
Application filed January 31, 1883. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DANIEL M. FIELDING, a citizen of the United States, residing at Decatur, in the county of Macon and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to provide a plane which is adapted to be applied to shoulders or rabbets for the purpose of squaring, cutting, and truing the same, and this in such directions as is required by the grain of the material of either or both faces of the rabbet or shoulder, in order to properly proportion it for the reception of other structures intended to be seated therein, such as doors, windows, and inset box-covers and the like.

With this object in view my invention consists in a plane having certain characteristics hereinafter described, and specifically set forth in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof, Figure 1 is a perspective, and Fig. 2 a transverse vertical section, of a plane constructed in accordance with my invention.

Like letters refer to like parts in both figures.

A represents the plane-stock, having a perfectly flat bottom, a, throughout its entire length. It may be of wood or of metal, and from the top of this stock projects the push and guide handle a2, the forward end of the stock being in this instance thinner than the rear end. Two separate detached independent plane-iron seats, a3 a4, are formed one upon each side of the stock, and between these seats a rib or partition, a5, remains, the lower surface of which lies in the same plane with the bottom surface of the stock, while the upper surface of said rib is in this instance inclined from the thick rear end to the front end of said stock.

B B represent the plane-irons, secured in their seats in this instance by screws b and washers b1. Any of the well-known means for securing and adjusting the irons in their seats may be substituted for the screw and washer, if desired. Each of the irons may have one or two cutting-edges, as b2 b3; but forthe purpose above set forth a single cutting-edge, b2, is preferable.

The plane is used in the following manner: Suppose, for an instance, that the edge of a door fits too snugly against the adjacent face of the casing, and that the side of the door stands od at points along the adjacent face of the casing. Instead of removing portions of the edge and face of the door, which is supposed to be true and square, the face and edge surfaces of the rabbet or shoulder of the casing is dressed down by the plane. Now, if the grain of these surfaces run contrary to each other, in which case a neat finish of both with the ordinary rabbet-plane could not be easily accomplished, all that is necessary with my improved plane is to turn it bodily to the left or right and use the desired separate plane-iron, making the cutting-strokes in the direction required by the grain of each surface, and it will be seen that each of said surfaces may be then neatly finished and closely to its adjacent surface, so that a perfect fit of the door is accomplished.

I do not claim, broadly, a double bitted or ironed plane, as these are common in molding-planes; but

What I do claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. A plane comprising a flat-bottomed stock provided with parallel plane-iron seats on opposite sides thereof, separated by a rib, the bottom of which is in a common plane with said bottom, substantially as described.

2. As an article of manufacture, a plane having a flat uniform bottom surface, and separate independent irons arranged in seats formed in opposite edges thereof, and adapted to operate in conjunction with said bottom surface, substantially as shown and described.

3. The combination, with the stock A, having a flat bottom, a, and separate seats a3 a4, of the separate independent plane-irons B B, substantially as and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

DANIEL M. FIELDING.

Witnesses:
CHARLES P. HOUSUM,
JOHN S. BIXBY.

No. 275,539 – Bench-Plane (Levi Culver Strong) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”33″]275539

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

LEVI C. STRONG, OF ALBANY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR OF THREE-FOURTHS TO PETER KINNEAR AND CHARLES H. TURNER, BOTH OF SAME PLACE.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 275,539, dated April 10, 1883.
Application filed July 15, 1882. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEVI CULVER STRONG, a citizen of the United States, residing at Albany, in the county of Albany and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Combination Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

I have produced an improved combination-plane for carpenters’ use, in which the stock is adapted for attachments for doing a variety of work, such as tonguing and grooving, beading, rabbeting, and various shapes of moldings, which meet all the requirements of the work in being interchangeable with the stock, giving all the conveniences of the separate and expensive styles of planes generally used for different styles of work.

In my improved plane the blade of the stock, which has heretofore been made integral therewith, constitutes the attachable and detachable form or mold corresponding with the form of the cutter used for the desired work, and which have heretofore been used as separate attachments to the stock-blade. A simple and effective fastening is provided for these interchangeable form-blades, whereby they are easily and quickly attached and detached from the stock, and rendered firm in such attachment. Each form-blade has a stem at or near the middle of its length, extending up from its top, and the stock has a socket adapted to receive the stem of each form-blade, and a thumb-screw for binding the stem within said socket, while grooves, recesses, or sockets serve to receive the upper corners of the form-blades to hold and brace them in line with the stock. The stem also serves to brace the form-blades laterally, so that the grooves, recesses, or sockets in the bottom of the stock need only be deep enough to lock the form-blades in line with the stock.

The particular matters which distinguish my plane from others will be made the subject of specific claims, and are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which —

Figure 1 represents a side elevation of the stock of my improved combination-plane, showing the screws for clamping the interchangeable form-blades in the sockets thereof. Fig. 2 represents a similar view, showing the plow-blade clamped to the stock; Fig. 3, the two sections of the plow-blade or runner detached from the stock; Fig. 4, a bottom view of the stock, showing the sockets for the blade-stems; Fig. 5, a bottom view of the plane, with attachments for use as a plow, a dado, and a fillister or rabbet plane; Fig. 6, a cross-section of the same, taken on the line x x of Fig. 5; Fig. 7, a similar cross-section, showing the plane with a blade-form adapted for fluting or coving; Fig. 8, a similar section, showing the plane with a blade-form adapted for tonguing and grooving or matching. Fig. 9 shows a section of a blade-form for beading; Fig. 10, a perspective of the skeleton blade-form; and Fig. 11 shows blade-forms for hollows.

The stock is of metal, and has the usual handle, front knob, and middle inclined bearing or back for the bit, upon which it is secured by a bolt having an inclined side or wedge face passing horizontally through the stock, and adapted to clamp the knife-blade upon its inclined seat, in the manner shown and well known in bench-planes.

Hitherto metallic stocks of convertible bench-planes have been provided with attachable and detachable forms or molds of various shapes applied thereto as face-plates or runner-soles, in connection with cutters of corresponding form for performing a variety of work; but by my improvement the forms constitute also the blade of the stock.

The stock is formed with a vertical socket, a, about midway between the knife-bearing and each end, and the form and the runner blades b have each a stem, c, on their upper edges, at or about the middle of its length, adapted to fit into said socket. The form-blades are of two sections, and the front end of the rear section forms a continuation of the inclined knife-bearing. It is secured to the stock by a clamp-screw, d, at its outer side, which is enlarged by boss projections, screw-tapped, to receive the clamping-screws. This gives a secure and convenient fastening for the form-blades, and braces them laterally to the stock. To prevent the blades from turning upon the stem as a pivot, the stock has grooves, recesses, or sockets e in its under side, into which the upper corners, e’ e’, of the form-blades are inserted, and thereby lock the blades in line with the stock. Both form-blades are fastened in the same manner-one in front, and the other behind the bit — and the stock may have a shallow groove to receive the upper corners; but a continuous groove in the stock is not necessary, as the form-blades may have two or more vertical stems entering corresponding sockets in the stock to keep them in line therewith, as the middle stems and the clamp-screws form the fastening for the interchangeable form-blades. Of Whatever form of blade used, it is secured by the same means directly to the stock, and its sole or runner part b’ must correspond with the form of the cutter, and projects on the working side of the plane.

For plowing, rabbeting, fillistering, and dadoing, form-blades are not used, but blades as mere runners, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, fastened, however, in the same manner as the form-blades.

The stock is provided with the usual horizontal detachable arms, screwed into the stock on each side of the bit, for receiving the supplemental stock e and the fence f which are used according to the character of the work, and made adjustable upon the arms.

The form-blades and the runner-blades extend equal distances from the bottom of the stock, and the fence is constructed so as to be set beneath the form and the runner blades when used without the supplemental stock. For this purpose the fence is carried by curved arms g in such manner that its upper edge will be at a level to allow it to be set so that its guide-face may come in vertical plane of the outer side or face of the blade of the form parts or of the runner, or in any intermediate positions, as shown in Figs. 7, 8, and 9. This gives the advantage of producing fluting or a cove, as in Fig. 7, or an edge or a center bead, as in Fig. 9, by the proper adjustment of the fence and the gage h, which is secured to the stock by a vertical stem and clamp-screw in the usual manner. This adaptation of the fence for adjustment beneath the form-blades and the runner gives a greater variety of work with a less number of attachments, which would otherwise be required with a fence of the usual construction.

The form-blade has an open or skeleton base or running surface, b’, and the blade part, b, proper is scalloped between its fastening stem and ends, which is important in reducing their weight to a minimum and lessening the friction.

I claim —

1. The combination of the stock provided with the vertical sockets a a and the bottom groove or recesses, e e, with the form or the runner blade b, having a vertical central stem, c, and end locking bearings, e’ e’, and the clamping-screws d d, tapped into the side of the stock, substantially as described, for the purpose specified.

2. In a combination bench-plane, the form-blades thereof, having an open or skeleton form surface and a vertical blade-stem, and adapted for attachment to a stock provided with vertical sockets, substantially as described.

3. In a combination bench-plane, the form and runner blades thereof, having each a vertical stem on its upper edge at or near the middle of its length, in combination with a stock having vertical sockets for said stems, and means, substantially as described, for fastening said stems to the stock, substantially as described.

4. The bench-plane herein described, consisting of the metal stock having the vertical sockets a a, the side screw-tapped holes entering said sockets at right angles thereto, and a bottom groove or recess, e, the form or runner blades b b’, having each a vertical stem, c, and corners e’ e’, and the screws d d, all constructed fer use substantially as herein set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

LEVI CULVER STRONG.

Witnesses:
A. E. H. JOHNSON,
J. W. HAMILTON JOHNSON.

No. 275,538 – Bench-Plane (Levi Culver Strong) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”332″]275538

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

LEVI C. STRONG, OF ALBANY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR OF THREE-FOURTHS TO PETER KINNEAR AND CHARLES H. TURNER, BOTH OF SAME PLACE.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 275,538, dated April 10, 1883.
Application filed July 15, 1882. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEVI CULVER STRONG, a citizen of the United States, residing at Albany,in the county of Albany and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

I have improved the style of metallic bench-plane in which the knife is carried by a pivoted device and adapted thereby for adjustment in the arc of a circle to govern the depth of the cut. The objects of my improvements are, to provide by a single adjustment of the knife-carriage for producing a coarse or a thin shaving and a corresponding wide or narrow throat — that is to say, by a single adjustment of the knife-carriage to change the depth of the cut from a coarse to a thin shaving, the throat will be in proportion closed for fine work; to effect a greater range of adjustment of the knife or bit than is necessary for the greatest depth of cut to adapt the plane for cross-grain work and for hard and soft wood; to provide for increasing the width of the throat for the free passage of the shavings for either fine or coarse work independent of the pitch of the knife — that is to say, when a wide throat is required, without regard to the pitch of the knife or bit, as in planing across the face of a board, then the required width of throat is obtained by a horizontal adjustment of the knife-carriage upon the stock; and to provide a certain and positive adjusting and fastening device for setting and maintaining the knife or bit in whatever position it may be adjusted in relation to its carriage, while at the same time such adjustment may be easily and quickly effected for the finest work These objects I attain by the construction and means of adjustment illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which —

Figure 1 represents a vertical longitudinal section of a bench-plane embracing my invention; Fig. 2, a top view, the knife being removed to show the knife-carriage. Fig. 3 shows the two parts or sections of the knife-carriage and the adjusting device. Fig. 4 shows the two sections of the knife-carriage separated; and Fig. 5, a top view of so much of the stock as shows the seat upon which the knife-carriage is secured.

The stock of the plane is cast and provided with the usual throat for the knife and with the handle and front knob. The carriage for the knife or bit consists of two parts — viz., a seat-plate, a, upon which the knife is secured, and a base-plate, b, pivoted to the seat-plate, so that the latter can be adjusted in the arc of a circle upon its pivoted connection. The base-plate b is secured upon a raised rib, c, cast upon the upper side of the bottom of the stock by two screws, d d, passing through slots e e in the base-plate, whereby it may be adjusted horizontally in relation to the throat, its pivot joining with the seat-plate, as formed by arms f f the ends of which fit into recesses g g, preferably at the opposite edges of the seat-plate and against ears h h on its under side, through which and the ends of the arms the pivot-pin i passes, so as to bring the pivot-joined end of the seat-plate in close proximity to the rear edge of the throat. The rear end of the base-plate is curved or inclined upward and terminates in arms b’, so as to form a slot, j, in longitudinal central position with the stock. The seat-plate is formed with a boss or projection, k, on its under side, in the middle of its width and near its upper rear end, into which a screw-stem, l, is screwed tight, having a length sufficient to extend down through the slot j of the base-plate. Milled thumb-nuts m m are placed upon the screw-stem above and below the rear arms of the base-plate, and as the latter has a fixed relation to the stock the seat-plate can be turned upon its pivot-pin, so as to increase or diminish its angle or pitch by turning the thumb-nuts to the right or to the left, in which action one of said nuts will form a jam or lock nut against the arms of the base-plate, and thus form a positive and secure lock to the knife-carriage when set. The slotted end of the base-plate for this purpose stands high enough above the bottom of the stock to allow of easily manipulating the lower thumb-nut. This construction not only gives a very fine adjustment to the seat-plate, but affords the means by which it is secured against any accidental displacement from its adjustment. In making the adjustment the nuts are turned separately by the thumb of one hand, so that one nut follows the other up or down upon the screw-stem above and below the arms of the base-plate. The base-plate, the seat-plate, and the adjusting screw-stem and nuts constitute a device complete for attachment to the bottom of the stock, and for this purpose the seat-plate has holes through which to insert a. screw-driver to secure the base-plate to the stock.

The knife or bit n may be used either single or double, and is secured upon the seat-plate by a headed screw, r, tapped into said plate, its head passing through a slot in the knife-blade and through a locking-eye in the usual separate cap or clamp, which is provided with a fastening-screw or cam-lever, s, operating upon a spring riveted to the under side of the cap in the usual manner. In adjusting the bit or knife for a heavy or light cut by turning the thumb-nuts, the pitch or angle of the knife turning on its pivot-pin opens or closes the throat in proportion to the thickness of the cut, and one adjustment of the bit effects these two things. To give a freer passage for the shaving without moving the base-plate, set the knife for a coarse cut, and then, placing the plane on a flat surface, unclamp the cap, which allows the knife to slide up so as to bring its cutting-edge in position in the throat for a fine shaving.

If it is desired to work with the knife at at high pitch or angle and still have a narrow throat, the base-plate is set forward by removing the knife and unclamping the fastening-screws of the base-plate, and thus the plane is set for cross-grain work. The rib c of the stock is wide enough to give a good bearing for the base-plate and hold for its securing-screws, and high enough to carry the seat-plate free of the bottom of the stock.

I claim —

1. The combination of the stock of a bench-plane with a knife-carriage composed of two plates pivoted together at their front points, the upper one, a, of said plates having the rigidly-connected screw-stem l projecting from its rear or underside, and the bottom horizontal plate, f, adjustably connected to the bottom of the plane-stock, and having an upwardly-projecting slotted arm, b’, with means, substantially as described, for adjustably connecting the said screw-stem of the upper plate with the said slotted arm of the bottom plate, substantially as described.

2. The combination, in a bench-plane, of a carriage for the knife or bit, composed of the upper seat-plate, a, having the rigidly-connected screw-stem l, and a horizontal base-plate, f, adjustably secured to the bottom of the stock, and having an upward-projecting slotted arm, b’, the said plates being pivoted together at their front points, and the thumb jam-nuts m m, arranged upon said screw-stem and bearing upon the opposite sides of said slotted arrn, substantially as described, for the purpose specified.

3. The knife-carriage of a plane-stock, composed of the seat-plate a and the base-plate b, pivoted together, the former provided with a fixed screw-stem, l, and the latter having slots e e, and an elevated slotted part, b’ j, in combination with the adjusting lock-nuts m m, the base confining screws d d, and the knife or bit n, secured to said seat-plate, substantially as described, for the purpose specified.

4. In combination in a bench-plane, the stock, having the bottom rib, c, a knife-carriage of two pivot-joined parts, one, a, provided with a fixed screw-stem, l, and the other having an upward-projecting slotted part, b’ j, to receive said screw-stem, the thumb lock-nuts m m, the screws d d, and the knife or bit n, all constructed substantially as herein set forth.

5. The combination, with the stock and the knife or bit, of a carriage for the knife, composed of two pivot-joined parts, and means, substantially as described, whereby the upper of the pivot-joined parts is adapted for adjustment upon the lower part in the are of a circle, and the latter is adapted for adjustment horizontally with the upper part upon the stock, substantially as described, for the purpose specified.

6. The knife-carriage for a bench-plane, consisting of the base-plate b, having the front arms, f f the slots e e, and the rear upwardly-projecting slotted part, b’ j, the seat-plate a, having the front edge recesses, g g, and the ears h h, and the fixed screw-stem l, projecting downward from its rear end, the pivot-pin joining the arms f f and ears h h, and the adjusting thumb lock-nuts m m, arranged upon the screw-stem above and below said slotted base part j, all constituting a complete device for carrying, adjusting, and securing the knife to the stock, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

LEVI CULVER STRONG.

Witnesses:
A. E. H. JOHNSON,
J. W. HAMILTON JOHNSON.

No. 274,600 – Rabbet-Plane (Oliver Hegglund) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”331″]274600

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

OLIVER HEGGLUND, OF OAKLAND, NEBRASKA.

RABBET-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 274,600, dated March 27, 1883.
Application filed December 5, 1882. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OLIVER. HEGGLAND, of Oakland, in the county of Burt and State of Nebraska, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Rabbet-Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention consists of a contrivance of the handle of a rabbet-plane for adjusting it into several different positions with relation to the plane, to adapt the plane for holding in different ways for different kinds of work, as hereinafter described.

Reference is to he had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a rabbet-plane with a handle applied according to my invention. Fig. 2 is an end elevation. Fig. 3 is a section of figures on line x x; and Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the nut employed, together with the binding-screw for securing the handle.

A represents the plane-stock, on the back end of which I attach the block B by screws a, so that it can be readily detached, said block having a recess, C, between ears D, wherein I pivot the handle E, as shown, on the binding-screw F, on which screw the handle can turn when not screwed up tight by the screw, the said screw being fitted in the ears D, and traversing the recess C, on which the handle is located, and screwing into a nut, H, in one of the ears in which said nut is fitted so as not to turn, so that it can draw up against the handle and bind it fast against the other ear.

K is a set-screw screwing into the recess from the back of the block and binding against the nut of the handle to secure it in any position in which it may be set. The handle is constructed with the bend L, for the purpose of enabling it to he turned over the back of the block B, as shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 2. The block B is detachably connected to the plane-stock, as before stated, for the purpose of detaching it and attaching a long straight handle projecting rearward of the plane-stock, and in line with it, when the plane is to be used for dressing deep mortises.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

1. In a rabbet or other plane, the combination, with the recessed block or support secured upon the rear end of the stock, of the pivoted handle having the bend L, the pivotal screw, and the holding or adjusting screw, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a rabbet or other plane, the combination, with the recessed block or support secured upon the rear end of the stock, of the handle having its hub arranged in the recess of said block, against which hub bears a holding or set screw, the pivotal screw, and binding-nut, fitted to slide in one of the ears of the block and to bear against one end of the handle-hub, and adapted to be operated by the pivotal screw, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

OLIVER HEGGLUND.

Witnesses:
JOHN GEDROW,
WALTER HEGGLUND.

No. 273,073 – Spokeshave (Andre S. Haynes) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”330″]273073

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ANDRE S. HAYNES, OF ROME, NEW YORK.

SPOKESHAVE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 273,073, dated February 27, 1883.
Application filed August 15, 1882. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ANDRE S. HAYNES, of Rome, in the county of Oneida and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Combined Spokeshave and Chamfering-Tool, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention consists of the application of bevel gage-stops to a spokeshave in a manner to serve for gaging the spokeshave suitably for chamfering the corners of the work, the said stops being laterally and angularly adjustable for setting them to stop the shave at any required point, according to the amount and angle it is desired to chamfer the work, all as hereinafter fully described.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a plan view of my improved tool. Fig. 2 is partly a side elevation and partly a section on the line x x of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a cross-section on the line y y of Fig. 1.

I plane the under side of the stock a each side of the socket c for the plane d in a straight line with the face c, where the plane-bit f projects, and apply thereto the bevel gage-stops g, making them adjustable toward and from each other by bolting them on through slots h by thumb-screws i. The said gage-stops are notched at j to enable them to shift along the projecting plane-bit to set them as close together as the amount it is desired to chamfer the work may demand. The shanks k have bits or studsl at the outer ends, to bear in the grooves in of the spokeshave-stock a, to guard against lateral divergence of the stops by the friction on the work.

The gage-stops may be constructed on angles of forty-five degrees to the plane-bit, as for square work; but they will serve for work of other shapes, for it is not necessary that the faces bear fair upon the sides of the work. If the angle of the work is larger than the angle of the gages, they will bear at the lower edges, and if the said angle be smaller, they will bear at the upper edges.

If desired, different sets of stops may be constructed on different angles for special shapes of work. This arrangement of interchangeable stops with fixed heads or faces g is represented at the right-hand side of Fig. 2; but I make the stop-faces g angularly adjustable by pivoting them to the shank k, as at the left-hand side of Fig. 2, thereby permitting them to be used at one or both sides, and to be adjustable to any angle for chamfering more to one side or face of the work than the other, as will readily be understood.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

1. The combination of bevel gage-stops g with a spokeshave, said stops being adjustable toward and from each other and arranged to act on the opposite sides of the work to gage and stop the cutter on the angle, substantially as described.

2. The gage-stops g, having notch j, arranged with relation to the plane-bit f and said stops being adjustable along said plane-bit, substantially as described.

3. The adjustable gage-stops g, having guide studs l, in combination with the grooved stock a and plane-bit f, substantially as described.

4. The combination of bevel gage-stops g, adjustable toward and from each other with relation to the plane-bit f, and pivoted to their shanks k, to be angularly adjustable to the faces of the work, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

ANDRE S. HAYNES.

Witnesses:
P. R. HUGGINS,
A. O. HICKS.