Tag: 1884

No. 309,400 – Joiner’s Plane (George D. Mosher) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”379″]309400

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

GEORGE D. MOSHER, OF BIRMINGHAM, CONNECTICUT.

JOINER’S PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 309,400, dated December 16, 1884.
Application filed November 3, 1884. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, GEORGE D. MOSHER, of Birmingham, in the county ot’ New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented a new lmprovement in Joiners’ Planes; and l do hereby declare the following, when taken in connection with accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, and which said drawings constitute part of this specification, and represent, in —

Figure 1, a left-hand side view; Fig. 2, a right-hand side view; Fig. 3, a longitudinal central section; Fig. 4, a transverse section on line x x of Fig. 1; Fig. 5, a transverse section on line z z of Fig. 1.

This invention relates to an improvement in that class of joiners’ planes which consist of a cast-metal stock fitted with a clamping device to hold the cutter, and mechanism for adjusting the cutter with relation to the mouth, the object of the invention being to simplify the construction, so that the plane may be produced with very little mechanical labor, and thereby greatly reduce the cost; and the invention consists in the construction, as hereinafter described, and more particularly recited in the claims.

A represents the base or plate of the stock, fitted at one end with a handle, B, and may be at the other with a handle, C, and with the usual transverse mouth, a, opening into the throat D. Imrnediately in rear of the throat is a bearing, E, inclined to the position required for the cutter, and upon which the lower end of the cutter F may lie. Centrally from this bearing E a lug, b, extends upward, inclined corresponding to the incline of the bearing-surface E.

G is the bed for the cutter. At its lower end it is constructed with a recess, d, upon its face side, corresponding, substantially, to the lug b, as seen in Figs. 3 and 5. The face of the cutter-bed G forms, substantially, a continuation of the inclined bearing E, as seen in Fig. 3. The upper end of the bed G is constructed with a groove upon its under side, to ride upon a guide, c, formed on the handle portion above the bearing-surface E. The groove is best formed by a rib or flange near each edge of the upper part of the bed, to embrace the bearing e, as seen in Fig. 4. The bed is constructed with a hook, f, upon each side near its lower end, these hooks formed by extending or turning the edge upward and inward, as seen in Fig. 5.

H is the cap for the cutter, provided at its upper end with a set-screw, I. The hooks are of such extent that the cutter F may be set down between them and the bed, and then the cap H introduced between the cutter and the hooks, as seen in Figs. 3 and 5, the cap extending down toward the edge of the cutter, the screw taking its bearing upon the cutter above the hooks. Thus introduced, the screw is turned to a bearing upon the cutter, forcing the cutter firmly against the bed G, and causing the lower end of the cap to turn inward against the cutter and clamp the cutter upon the bearing E, as seen in Fig. 3, so as to firmly secure the cutter in its place. The cap may be adjusted to any desired relation to the edge of the cutter, so that it may serve as the cap for the cutter to govern the depth of the cut, if desired.

To adjust the cutter the bed G is constructed with a flange, h, upon one side of the handie portion, as seen in Figs.1 and 4. This flange is constructed with a notch or opening, i. Through the handle portion a coarse-threaded screw, L, is introduced, the handle portion being correspondingly screw-threaded, as seen in Fig. 4. This screw is provided with an eccentric stud, Z, which stands in the slot ffl of the bed, and so that if the screw be turned to iinpart a cranlrdilre nrovenient to the stud l, it will correspondingly move the bed G up or down, according to the rotation of the screw E. Upon the reverse side the screw is provided with a handle, M, by which it may be conveniently turned. The screw-thread on this adjusting device imparts a longitudinal movement to the stud l as the screw is turned, hence produces a transverse friction between it and the surface of the notch i in which it works, in addition to the friction which naturally arises from the rotative bearing of the stud. Such transverse friction adds materially to the hold which the stud takes upon the bed, so that accidental displacement is not liable to occur, as would be the case were the screw E constructed with simply a cylindrical surface in the stock, and so that rotative movement only would be imparted to the adjusting-stud l. By this construction the stock is readily molded and cast complete, the cleaning and preparation of the casting to receive the cutter and bed being an inconsiderable operation. The bed G is also cast complete, ready for application to the stock without any material mechanical labor, and thus I produce a plane at a minimum cost, yet complete and perfect in its working and adjustment.

To prevent the possibility of the cutter being thrown out of adjustment by contact with knots, or other extraordinary hard attacks in operation, I construct the face of the bed with a series of notches on its face, and provide the cutter with a corresponding stud, in, (see Fig. 3,) and so that when the cutter is set in place the stud may enter one of the notches in the bed and there hold firmly, so that any adjustment of the bed must be necessarily irnparted to the cutter, and the notch and stud serve to resist any tendency of the work to throw the cutter out of adjustment.

I claim —

1. The metal stock, constructed with the inclined bearing E in rear of its mouth, and with the lug b extending upward and backward therefrom, the bed G, constructed with a recess, d, upon its face, corresponding to the said lug D, said bed also constructed with hooks f f, and arranged to take a bearing on the stock above the said lug, combined with the cutter F, cap H, and the set-screw I in said cap, substantially as described.

2. The metal stock, constructed with an inclined bearing, E, in rear of its mouth, and with a lug, b, extending upward and backward therefrom, the bed G, constructed with a recess, d, corresponding to said lug, and arranged to take a bearing on the stock above, and also constructed with hooks f f, and with a downwardly-projecting flange having a notch, i, therein, the cutter F, cap H, and set-screw I, with the screw E transversely through the stock, said screw provided with an eccentric stud, l, at one end to work in said notch i, the opposite end provided with a handle, M, substantially as and for the purpose described.

3. The stock constructed with the inclined bearing E in rear of its mouth, and with the lug b extending upward and backward therefrom, the bed G, constructed with a recess, d, corresponding to said lug, and also with hooks f f, the said bed arranged to take a bearing upon the stock above the said lug b, the face of the said bed constructed with a series of notches, the cutter constructed with a stud, m, upon its under side to engage either of said notches, the cap H, and set-screw I, substantially as described.

GEORGE D. MOSHER.

Witnesses:
THOS. L. I. BULLUSS,
WM. H. WILLIAMS.

No. 308,332 – Rabbet-Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”378″]308332

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO
THE STANLEY RULE AND LEVEL COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

RABBET-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 308,332, dated November 18, 1884.
Application filed May 17, 1884. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rabbet-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in rabbet-planes, and has for its object a better arrangement for the gages.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of my rabbet-plane. Fig. 2 is a like view of the reverse side of the same. Fig. 3 is an end view of the same. Fig. 4 is a sectional view of a portion of the stock on line x x of Fig. 2, said view also showing the gage-rod in side elevation 5 and Fig. 5 is a horizontal section of the depth-gage and a portion of the stock with a side elevation of the clamping-screw.

The stock A may be of any ordinary form; but as shown it is provided with two bit-seats, into either of which the cutting bit a may be secured. This feature of the stock, however, was known prior to my present invention. The bit a at the cutting end is the full width of the stock.

b is the gage-rod, upon which the socket of the gage B is fitted, so that the gage may be adjusted longitudinally upon said rod and fastened in place by means of the set-screw c, thereby securing the working-face of the gage B at any desired point with reference to the under surface of the stock. As shown in the drawings, this gage is adjusted for use in working from the left-hand edge of a board. The gage-rod b is secured to the stock by means of its threaded end and a correspondingly-threaded hole in the side of the stock. In order to facilitate the screwing out and in of this rod, I provide its end with an orifice into which a suitable pin or wrench may be applied. Upon the opposite side of the stock, and in alignment with the hole into which the gage-rod is secured, I form a like threaded hole, f, Figs. 1 and 4.

When it is desired to convert the tool to one for gaging from the right-hand edge of a board, the gage-rod b is unscrewed from one side of the stock, and then inserted in hole f, and the gage B then secured thereon, as indicated by broken lines in Fig. 3. By making the gage-rod attachable and detachable to and from either side of the stock the rods never project upon that side which is opposite the gage B, thereby enabling the gage and plane to be used in corners and cramped places where it is impossible to use a rabbet plane and gage whose gage-rods project upon said side.

C designates the depth-gage, the shank of which is slotted for insertion of the clamping-screw g, which passes through the shank of the depth-gage and into a threaded hole in the stock. The side of the stock to which this gage is secured is provided with a vertical V-shaped groove, h, Figs. 1 and 5, which groove is a little to one side of the clamping-screw g. The inner face of the gage C is provided upon one side of the clamping-screw with a V-shaped rib, k, and upon the opposite side of the screw is a plain-faced rib, l, Fig. 5. The V-shaped rib governs the position of the gage in its movement up and down, while the plane-faced rib, in connection with the V-shaped rib, forms a seat or bearing-surface to hold the gage at a proper distance from the side of the stock. This construction enables the gage to be governed in its vertical position, and to form a proper bearing-surface, only a small portion of which requires to be fitted, and consequently it can be fitted with but little labor and expense.

Any suitable spur or spurs may be attached to the side or sides of the stock just forward of the cutting-bit, as in prior rabbet-planes.

I am aware that depth-gages of various kinds have been heretofore employed upon rabbet-planes having side gages; also, that prior patents show rabbet-planes having side gages with two rods permanently secured thereto, and having transverse holes through the stock into which said gage-rods were inserted and held therein by means of set-screws, whereby the gage could be changed end for end, and placed upon either side of the stock to convert the tool into a right or left hand plane, as required. All of said prior art is hereby disclaimed.

I claim as my invention —

1. The herein-described rabbet-plane, consisting of the stock A, having screw-holes f upon opposite sides and in alignment with each other, the gage-rod b, screw-threaded upon its end to fit both of said holes in the stock, and the reversible gage B, having the set-screw c, and a socket for securing the rod b, all substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

2. In a rabbet-plane, the combination of the stock A, having the groove h, the depth-gage C, having a central slot with the rib k fitted to rest upon the bottom of the groove h at one side of said slot, and the plane-faced rib l, which abuts against a plane surface on the stock at the opposite ends of said slot, the clamping-screw g, the gage-rod b, and the side gage, B, all substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
H. S. WALTER,
HENRY C. HINE.

No. 307,223 – Plane (Charles H. Pike) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”377″]307223

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHARLES H PIKE, OF WEST TROY, NEW YORK.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 307,223, dated October 28, 1884.
Application filed June 28, 1884. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES H. PIKE, of West Troy, in the county of Albany and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Wood-Plane, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The object of my invention is to provide a simple, efficient, and inexpensive tool to be used by wood-workers for economically dressing out the hollow faces of pieces of lumber or timber used in making round or curved work, such as tubes, stair-cylinders, or round or curved patterns to make castings from, and a large variety of crooked or curved work.

The invention consists of a woodplane having a stock made in two parts, hinged to each other so as to be adjusted and fastened at any required angle with each other, for causing the cutter held at the angle of the two part stock to dress the roughed-out work to the required transverse curve as the plane is rocked axially while being passed backward and forward over the work, with the faces of the opposite parts of the stock resting on trued edges of the work.

The invention includes, also, particular construction and combination of parts of the plane, all as hereinafter fully described and claimed.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is an outside longitudinal sectional elevation of my improved plane. Fig. 2 is a front end view thereof. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional elevation on the line x x, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a front view illustrating the manner of using the plane, and Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view.

I make the plane-stock in two parts or sections — the part A, to which the cutters C c and handle D are held, and a part, B, which is jointed to the part A lengthwise on pivots E, which pass through lugs e e formed at the ends of the parts A B. At the front end of the plane the parts A B of the stock have fixed curved or segmental arms F G, respectively, which arms are centrally slotted, as at f, and the arms are so shaped and located that their slots coincide always, irrespective of the angle at which the parts A B are set relatively to each other. A headed screw-bolt, H, is passed through the slots of both arms, F G, and has a suitable thumb-nut, I, by which the arms may be bound tightly to each other to hold the parts A B of the stock at any relative angle at which they may be set.

I prefer to make that part of the screw-bolt H which enters the slots f of the curved arms square in cross-section, and fit it loosely in the slots, which allows the nut I to be turned on and off or tightened or loosened without holding the head of the bolt H.

I propose to graduate the top edges of the curved arms F G, as at g, Fig. 1, so that the angle at which the part B of the stock is set with the part A thereof will clearly be indicated, and the adjustment of said parts A B with each other by swinging one or both of them on the pivots E may more readily and correctly be made.

I provide the stock parts A B with the extension pieces or fences A’ B’, respectively, which are fastened on by screws, as at i, so that wider or narrower fence-pieces may quickly be substituted one for the other, as the nature of the work shall require.

I hold the main cutter C against the shoulder-plate a of the part A by means of a cam-lever, K, which is pivoted on a stout pin between lugs a’ a’ on the part A, and so that when the lever-handle k is swung over flat against the part A the acting head K’ of the lever K will bind the cutter C firnily to the shoulder a. A rib or shoulder, a2, on the part A, in front of the cutter C, forms the front wall of the throat of the plane, and the outer face of the lever-head K’ inclines to the stock suitably to permit free passage of the shavings. The cutter c, in advance of the main cutter, is an ordinary dado or slitting cutter set in a face-slot of the stock. I fasten the handle within a socket formed at d in the stock and by means of a screw, d’, as shown, which makes a strong connection. The cutter C is beveled back and sharpened, so that it will cut at the faces of both parts A B of the stock; but the main cutting-edge is the one, l, which projects from the lower edge of the part A, and is beveled back slightly across the width of the cutter from the sharp corner m, between the cutting-edges l n. (See Fig. 5.)

In operating the plane either lengthwise or crosswise of the grain of the wood, the parts A B of the stock will be set at the required relative angle, and there fastened by the screw bolt and nut H I. The work having been roughed out, as at N, Fig. 4, and the two top corners of the work at the edges o o of the groove or channel, to be finished having been trued or straightened to serve as guides to the faces of the stock parts A B and their extension-fences A’ B’, the plane is laid on the edges o o and gradually turned on its lengthwise axis as it is moved backward and forward to permit the cutters c C to remove successive shavings from the roughed-out hollow face at N and produce a truly-curved and quite smoothly-finished face, as at O. With the faces of the parts A B of the stock set about at right angles with each other, half-circles, as at O, ranging from one and one-quarter inches to six or eight inches across, may be finished. It is evident that should the parts A B be set at a greater or obtuse angle with each other the finished work will be in segments of larger circles, depending on the extent of the angular adjustment of the two parts of the stock. The greater the angularity of the faces the larger the sweep of the circle described by the cutter will be, as will readily be understood.

The dado-cutter c is especially useful in cross-grain cutting, as when a number of pieces are fastened together to finish their inner faces to serve as parts of patterns for wheels and the like.

My improved plane may be used to cut tapering segmental grooves, and in doing this the groove will be laid out in pencil at the opposite ends of the work and along the face, and then the groove will be roughed out, and by keeping the right-hand wing down and the other wing free and shoving the plane in line with the axis of the groove from the larger toward the srnaller end of the groove one-half of it will be dressed out. The work then is reversed, and the left-hand wing is kept down and the right-hand one free, and the plane is shoved as before, which will finish the groove to the taper required, as I have often done; but this use of the plane requires skill in handling it.

By placing the end of the plane onto the circle or segment laid out at the end of the work, the plane-wings may be set to any segment.

I propose to make all parts of the plane of metal, except the fence-pieces A’ B’ and the handle D, which will be made of wood. It requires but a slight filing and sand-paper dressing to bring the trued faces O produced by the cutters to a smooth finish.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent —

1. The bench-plane comprising the wings or sections hinged or pivoted directly together, one of said wings or sections having a lateral base portion to form the bit-stock, and the two-edged cutter or bit with one edge disposed to project through one side or face of said bitstock wing or section and the other edge disposed to project through the bottom side or face of said lateral portion, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a bench-plane, the hinged or pivoted sections or wings, one of said wings or sections carrying a two-edged cutter or bit with one edge at right angles to the other edge, and a single-edged cutter disposed in line with one of the cutting-edges of said two-edged cutter, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a bench-plane, the hinged or pivoted sections or wings, one carrying a two-edged cutter with one edge at right angles to the other edge, and a single-edged cutter disposed in line with one edge of said two-edged cutter, said wings or sections having adjustable extensions, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In a bench-plane, the hinged or pivoted sections or wings, one having a two-edged cutter with one edge at right angles to the other edge, and the single-edged cutter disposed in alignment with one edge of said two-edged cutter, said wings or sections being connected by curved slotted arms and adjusting-screw, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

5. In a bench-plane, the bit-stock wing or section with the bit throat or passage formed of an inclined bit-supporting plate and a second inclined plate disposed a short distance in advance of said bit-supporting plate, in combination with the cam-lever pivoted upon a pin between lugs of said wing or section, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. In a bench-plane, the bit-stock section or wing with the bit throat or passage formed of an inclined bit-supporting plate and a second inclined plate disposed a short distance in advance of the bit-supporting plate, in coinbination with the cam-lever with its head bearing against the bit stock or shank and its flat side bearing against said section or wing, substantially as and for the purpose described.

7. In a bench-plane, the section or wing having a square socket, in combination with the handle having a square enlargement and disposed obliquely or at an acute angle to said enlargement, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

CHARLES H. PIKE.

Witnesses:
SAMUEL ANDREWS,
THOS. J. LACY.

No. 306,877 – Bench-Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”376″]306877

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 306,877, dated October 21, 1884.
Application filed June 11, 1884. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in bench-planes, and the object. of my invention is to produce a better mechanism for adjusting the cutting-edge of the bit to square it with the stock. I attain this object by the simple construction illustrated in the accompanying drawings. in which —

Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved bench-plane. Fig. 2 is a sectional view thereof, partly in elevation, on line x x of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a like view with cutter attached, and Fig. 4 is a sectional view thereof on line y y of Fig. 2.

It is oftentimes difficult to grind the cutting-edge of a plane-bit exactly square, and therefore when set in place it does not stand square with the stock. Several prior patents show planes having mechanism for effecting this lateral adjustment of the cutting-bit edgewise. one of which mechanisms is a lever arranged under the bit at the upper end of the frog. Another consists of two screws the heads of which act upon the edges of the bit at the upper end of the frog. Another patent shows side screws near the middle of the stock, which, in connection with swinging dogs and a sliding piece, hold the bit in its adjusted position. All of said prior art is hereby disclaimed. The major portion of my plane is the same as ordinary bench-planes. The particular plane iilustrated is the one known as “Bailey’s patent plane.”

I secure the edgewise-adjusting lever a to the plane seat or frog by means of the rivet b and washer d, said washer producing sufficient friction to keep the lever a in place when the cap is removed. This lever is also let into the frog or bit seat A, so as to bring its upper side just below the under side of the bit. B, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4, and said frog or seat is also cut away, as at e, Fig. 2, in order to permit a lateral movement of the lever a. The lower end of said lever is provided with a projection, f, which rises above the surface of the frog or seat A a distance about equal to the thickness of the bit B, but not far enough to bind against the under surface of the cap-iron C. This projection f of a width which will about fill the ordinary slot for the cap-screw at the upper end of the bit. I prefer to provide the under side of the lever a with a small boss or trunnion concentric with the rivet b, on which it is fulcrumed, and sink said trunnion into a circular recess, as shown in Fig. 4; but this construction is not essential. I also provide the stock with stationary pins h h near the lower end of the bit B. upon which said bit can swing or fulcrum when moved edgewise. These pins are threaded merely for convenience of insertion; but when once inserted plain pins will answer the same purpose.

When the parts are in place ready for use, in order to adjust the bit edgewise to bring its edge square with the stock, it is only necessary to move the lever a to one side, as shown in Fig. 3, which illustrates a bit whose end is ground out of square to an unusual degree. It should be observed that the lever a is close up under the bit, and does not so project as to ever render any inconvenience whatever in the ordinary uses of the plane. I have shown this lever as the best-known mechanism for an edgewise adjustment of the bit; but other mechanism for this adjustment located at the upper end instead of the lower end of the stock will secure the advantages of my invention.

The stationary pins are located in the stock, so as to bear directly upon the edges of the bit near its cutting end, and, as the laterally-adjusting mechanism is operated to move the upper end of the bit edgewise, it will rock or fulcrum upon the stationary pins at the lower end.

My rnechanism for this edgewise adjustment does not in the least interfere with the ordinary endwise adjustment of the bit, and requires no change whatever in the ordinary parts of the plane, except to recess and drill the frog or bit and the stock for the reception and attachment of the lever a and pins h h.

I claim as my invention —

The combination of a plane stock and bit, an edgewise-adjusting mechanism for acting upon the bit at its upper end, and the stationary fulcrum-pins h h in the stock near the cutting end of the bit, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
JAMES SHEPARD,
EDDY N. SMITH.

No. 306,763 – Plane (Stephen G. Laskey) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”375″]306763

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

STEPHEN G. LASKEY, OF CHELSEA, MASSACHUSETTS.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 306,763, dated October 21, 1884.
Application filed February 7, 1884. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, STEPHEN G. LASKEY, of Chelsea, in the county of Suffolk, State of Massachusetts, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Planes, of which the following is a description sufficiently full, clear, and exact to enable any person skilled in the art or science to which said invention appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved plane; Fig. 2, a top plan view with the handle removed; Fig. 3, a vertical longitudinal section, and Fig. 4: a vertical transverse section of the body and iron.

Like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the different figures of the drawings.

My invention relates more especially to the class of planes known as “block” planes; and it consists in a novel construction and arrangement of the parts, as hereinafter more fully set forth and claimed, by which a simpler, cheaper, lighter, and more effective device of this character is produced than is new in ordinary use.

The nature and operation of the improvement will be readily understood by all conversant with such matters from the following explanation, its extreme simplicity rendering an elaborate description unnecessary.

In the drawings, A represents the body, B the iron, and C the handle. The body is preferably composed of metal, and is provided with a dovetail channel, h, extending longitudinally along its under side to receive the iron, which is correspondingly beveled at the edges to fit the channel. The handle is preferably evolute in form, and is secured to the upper side of the body by the screws m, as shown in Fig. 3. The body is provided on either side with a vertical flange, G, and at its center with an elongated slot, D, extending lengthwise thereof between the ends of the handle, and fitted to work therein is a thumb-screw, E, having a wide annular flange, f, the screw entering a threaded hole, d, in a hub, K, on the iron, the hub projecting upwardly into the slot. A transverse slot, l, is cut through the body A. between the flanges G, the rear wall of this slot being inclined toward the handle C, the incline corresponding nearly with the incline of the cutting or beveled end z of the iron B. A shoe, H, having an upwardly-extending flange, v, on either side, is attached to the forward end of the plane, the flanges working in rabbets n, formed in the flanges G, and the face or lower side of the shoe being flush with the lower edges of the last-named flanges, which are cut away forward of the throat l to form ways for the shoe. A thumb-screw, J, provided with an annular flange, p, is fitted to work in a hole in the forward end of the body A, the screw entering a correspondingly-threaded hole, y, in a hub, b, on the shoe H, and the flange resting on the upper side of the body above the shoe. The lower edges of the flanges G are slightly rounded or beveled, as shown at x in Fig. 4, to prevent them from resting with their entire surface on the wood or article being planed.

In the use of my improvement the iron B is inserted in the channel h in the body A., with the bevel of its cutting end z uppermost, and, after being properly adjusted with respect to the throat l, is secured in position by turning in the screw E and bringing the flange f into forcible contact with the upper side of the body. The shoe H is then raised or lowered, as the case may be, by turning the screw J to the right or left until the lower side or face of the shoe is elevated above the lower side or face of the iron B a distance corresponding with the kerf or thickness of the shaving it is desired to cut, the plane being then ready for use.

I am aware that it is not new, broadly, to construct a plane in which the plane-iron constitutes a part of the bottom of the stock, said plane-iron being driven tightly into dove-tail grooves in said stock.

I am also aware that it is not new to construct a plane with a plane-iron arranged flat-wise in a recess in the under side of the stock extending backward a short distance from the throat, the rear end of said plane-iron being flush with the bearing-surface of the stock and the front end thereof adjustable vertically.

I am also aware that adjustable shoes are not new, broadly.

Having thus explained my invention, what I claim is —
1. The combination of a stock provided with a transverse throat, a dovetailed recess on its under side, and a longitudinal slot in rear of the throat, a plane-iron adapted to fit said recess, provided with a boss projecting into said slot, and having a threaded socket and a thumb-screw which enters said socket, and has a flange which projects over the side of the slot, substantially as described.

2. The combination of a stock provided with rabbets in its side checks and with at slot in its bottom in front of the throat, an adjustable shoe provided with upwardly-projecting flanges adapted to slide in said rabbets, and with a socket projecting upward into said slot, and a set-screw for adjusting said shoe, substantially as described.

STEPHEN G. LASKEY.

Witnesses:
C. A. SHAW,
L. J. WHITE.

No. 306,693 – Molding-Plane (James R. Lawrence) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”374″]306693

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JAMES R. LAWRENCE, OF DURHAM, NORTH CAROLINA,
ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO W. T. BLACKWELL, OF SAME PLACE.

MOLDING-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 306,693, dated October 14, 1884.
Application filed August 12, 1884. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES R. LAWRENCE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Durham, in the county of Durham and State of North Carolina, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Molding-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a molding-plane for curved or circular work; and it consists in certain features hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings hereto annexed, Figure 1 is a bottom view of the plane. Fig. 2 is a side view showing a longitudinal section. Fig. 3 is a top view of the plane. Fig. 4 is an end view of the same. Figs. 5 and 6 show a specimen of the curved molding.

The body A is made of cast metal and has a flat sole, b. Its central part comprises a box or recess, c, which has around the inner sides next to the fiat sole an inward-projecting flange, d. At the forward end the body has on top a straight rib, e, extending lengthwise, on each side of which is a straight depression or groove, f. A clamp-screw, g, enters the straight rib and serves to hold the bit-stock H to its place. A knob or other suitable handle, I, is attached to the rear end. Attached to the body at one side is a guide-holder, k, which projects below the sole. The bit-stock H occupies the box or recess c, and the bit l may have its cutter-edge shaped to produce any desired style of molding, a specimen of which is shown in Figs. 5 and 6. The lower edges of the bit-stock rest upon the inward-projecting flange d, and the forward end has at central slit, n, which receives the rib e, and the bifurcations p occupy the straight grooves f each side of the rib. By this construction and arrangement of parts the clamp-screw g may be tightened on top of the bifurcations p, and thereby hold the bit-stock firmly to its seat. The flexible guide R is made, preferably, of a strip of steel thin enough to give it the desired flexible character, adapting it to be bent to suit the curvature of the work. The face q of this guide has position at a right angle to the sole b of the body, and while the latter, with the bit, sets upon the top b of the work to be planed (see Figs. 5 and 6) the guide bears against the curved edge q’. The guide-holder k is permanently attached to the plane-body at one side of the central box or recess. The flexible guide is rigidly secured to the holder k at its center s — that is, at a point midway of the ends of the guide. While the center of the guide is thus held immovable, the extremities may be pressed back or forth in either direction to any desired extent within certain limits, as shown and indicated in Fig. 1. A stay-brace, T, connects each end of the flexible guide with the body of the plane. These serve to hold the guide wherever it may be set — that is, either straight or curved. These stay-braces may have any construction that will enable them to be shifted so as to lengthen or shorten the connection, thereby to alter the adjustment of the flexible guide. In the present instance one end of the stay-braces is jointed at u to the flexible guide, and the other end of each brace has a slot, v. A set-screw, w, passes through the slot and enters the holder. When the set-screws are loosened, the slots allow the connections between the set-screws and the ends of the flexible guide to be lengthened or shortened, thereby causing the guide to be curved as desired. It will be seen that the plane will work in a straight line or in a circle, either inside or outside.

To set the guide for any desired work remove the bit-stock H, loosen the set-screws w, then place the plane-body on the work and press the flexible-guide up to the curve or circle and tighten the set-screws. Now replace the bit-stock and the plane is ready for the work. It will be seen that by this construction the cutting-bit may be set, then by removing the bit-stock and cutter the flexible guide may be readily adjusted to the work.

Having described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States —

1. A plane having a cast-metal body, A, provided with a central box or recess, c, a bit-stock, H, occupying the recess and having at its end a central slit, n, and bifurcations p, and a clamp-screw, g, in the body, and adapted to be tightened on top of the said bifurcations, as set forth.

2. A molding-plane having in combination a body, A, provided with a central box or recess, and a guide-holder, k, permanently attached at one side of said central box or recess and adapted to be readily removed therefrom, and a flexible adjustable guide secure to said holder, whereby the bit-stock and cutter may be removed to facilitate the adjustment of the flexible guide to the work, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

J. R. LAWRENCE.

Witnesses:
W. W. ELLINGTON,
S. W. CHAMBERLAIN.

No. 306,507 – Plane (Charles A. Meekins) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”373″]306507

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHARLES A. MEEKINS, OF PINE MEADOW, CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 306,507, dated October 14, 1884.
Application filed March 27, 1884. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES A. MEEKINS, of Pine Meadow, in the county of Litchfield and State of Connecticut, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Planes, of which the following is a description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, where —

Figure 1 is a plan view of a plane embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a view in longitudinal central section of the same on plane denoted by line x x of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a detail plan view of the clamping-lever. Fig. 4 is a detail view of a form of my device without the adjusting feature.

My invention relates to the class of planes in which are used clamping and slow-motion devices for the purpose of adjusting the plane iron to cut to diiferent depths.

It consists in the clamping device secured in the plane-body in front of the plane-iron, and in the adjusting device, and in the combination of these parts, as more particularly hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawings, the letter a denotes a plane-body of ordinary form and of any desired material — as wood — having the handle b and the depthwise mortise c, in which the plane-iron d is held.

In a socket, e, in the plane-body, and in front of the plane-iron, is placed a clamping-lever, f, having the arms f’, the ends of which bear upon the upper face of the plane-iron,as seen in Fig. 4, or upon the upper edge of the rocking lever g. which forms a part of the plane-iron-adjusting mechanism. This lever f is fulcrumed on the downward-projecting lugs a’, which are fast to or a part of the plane-body, and a screw, h, operates in a threaded socket, f”, in the lever. Fast to this rotary screw h is a handle, h’, having a shoulder on its lower end, that bears against the upper surface of the plane-body. By operating the screw h the inner end of the clamping-lever f may be raied or lowered at will, binding or loosening the plane-iron.

Fast to the upper side of the plane-iron d is a cap-iron, i, curved lengthwise in such manner as to afford a space between the cap-iron and the plane-iron for the working of the rocking lever g. This lever is operated by means of an adjusting-screw, k, moving in a socket in the cap-iron, and has a round surface, g’, bearing upon the upper surface of the plane-iron, and directly opposite the bearing-face upward-projecting arms g”, that extend through an opening in the cap-iron and take into open sockets f”’ on the lower side of the arms f’ of the clamping-lever.

The parts being assenibled as shown in Fig. 2 of drawings, the plane-iron is clamped in any desired position in the mortise by means of the lever and the screw h, and the longitudinal adjustrnent of the plane-iron is effected by means of the screw k, which, by rocking the lever g while the extremity of the short arm of the lever is held in the socket of clamp,which is fixed against longitudinal motion, thus causes the iron to move.

I claim as my invention —

1. In combination, a plane-body, a, bearing plane-iron d, having a socket, e, in front of the plane-iron, in which is seated the clamping-lever f, with feet f’, arranged to press upon the plane-iron, and the longer arm of the lever moved by means of the threaded screw h, having a handle, h’, all substantially as described.

2. In combination, a plane-body, a, bearing a plane-iron, d, and having mortise c and socket e, clamping-lever f, with feet f’, which bear upon the upper face of the plane-iron, and is fulcrumed on lugs a’, fast to the plane-body, and has a threaded socket, f2, in which the screw h is operated by means of the handle h’, all substantially as described.

3. In combination, in a plane, a plane-iron bearing between the plane-iron and a cap-iron, a bent lever having a curved bearing-surface in contact with the upper surface of the plane-iron, and its shorter arm engaging a socket in the extremity of a clamping-lever, with means for operating the adjusting-lever, all substantially as described.

CHARLES A. MEEKINS.

Witnesses:
W. H. MARSH,
A. C. TANNER.

No. 305,603 – Cabinet-Scraper (John A. Keiser) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”372″]305603

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN A. KEISER, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

CABINET-SCRAPER.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 305,603, dated September 23, 1884.
Application filed June 30, 1884. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN A. KEISER, a citizen of the United States,and resident of Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cabinet-Scrapers, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming a part hereof.

My invention relates to an improved cabinet-scraper.

Figure 1 is a top plan view of my improvement. Fig. 2 is a bottom plan view of the same; Fig. 3, a section on line x x, Fig. 1; Fig. 4, a perspective view of the pivoted clamp; Fig. 5, a section on line z z, Fig. 1.

A A’ represent the handle of the scraper. The stock of the tool is composed of the following parts.

B b represent the face of the scraper; C, a slot separating the faces in which the cutter is set.

D represents a ledge, against which the cutter c is clamped. This ledge is rigidly attached to the face B, the parts forming an L, as shown in Fig. 3. F represents the ends of the stock, from which the handles A A’ spring, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

E e represent arms forming a part of the end plates of the stock F, for firmly holding face b rigidly in a plane parallel with face B.

G represents a pivotal clamp for clamping the knife c against the ledge D. This clamp is suspended on pivots a to the end plates ofthe stock F, passing through ears d of the clamp G.

H represents a lever-arm extending upward a considerable distance above the pivots of ears d.

I represents a set-screw tapping through the arms H, the point of which bears against the ledge D and forces the lower edge of clamp G against the cutter c at its lower end, and firnily clamps it against D.

This tool is very cheap, strong, and efficient. The cutter c works clear to the ends of face B b, and is a decided improvement over the tool shown in Letters Patent granted Samuel C. Tatum & Co., my assignees, June 10, 1884, No. 300,266, and other tools for the same purpose hitherto used.

Instead of screw I, a cam may be used to operate the clamp, and would be the equivalent therefor.

I do not broadly claim a stock having rigid faces separated by a slot, and the front face strengthened by arms forming part of the ends of the stock; nor do I claim, broadly, a cutting-bit attached to an oscillating plate adjustable by a thumb-screw and spring; nor a spokeshave having a bearing-surface in front of the cutter applied by a lever having an adjusting-screw for regulating the width of the month, the thickness of its cut, or the shaving; and I do not broadly claim the bearing-surface of a stock provided with a ledge or flange serving as a bearing for the cutting-bit.

I claim —

1. A cabinet-shave consisting of the stock F, rigid faces B b, separated by slot C, the part b being braced by arms E e, forming part of the end plates of the stock, ledge D, and cutter c, clamped against the ledge, substantially as described.

2. A cabinet-shave consisting of the stock F, rigid faces B b, separated by slot C, ledge D, and clamp G, pivoted to stock F, and adapted to clamp a cutter, c, against the ledge D, substantially as and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

JNO. A. KEISER.

Witnesses:
MILTON DASHIELL,
SAML. E. HILLES.

No. 305,602 – Bench-Plane (John A. Keiser) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”371″]305602

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN A. KEISER, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 305,602, dated September 23, 1884.
Application filed June 30, 1884. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN A. KEISER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in benoh-planes; and it has for its object to provide novel and efficient means for adjustably connecting the cutter with the plane-stock. This I accomplish in the manner and by the construction and combination of devices hereinafter described and claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, illustrating my invention, in which —

Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improvement. Fig. 2 is a cross-section on line x x, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the side gage. Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail view of the side gage and fastening-clamp. Fig. 5 is a detail view of the clamping device.

A represents the base of my plane-stock; B, the side of the stock, G, the handle; c, the ledge on which cutter a rests and is secured.

D represents the cutter-clamp, which is operated as follows:

E represents a bell-crank lever, which is pivoted at e and the side of the stock B.

b represents the arm of bell-crank lever, to which the clamp D is pivotally attached.

b’ represents a shoulder or stop for limiting the pivotal movement of clamp D on arm b, to force the points d down upon the cutter a.

The crank E is made to have two bearing-points, d d. The clamp D is raised and lowered by the movement of the bell-crank lever E. When occupying the position shown in Fig. 1, the clamp D is forced down upon the cutter a, and holds it securely in position. When it is desired to readjust the cutter a, or to take it out, the bell-crank E is lifted up, which moves the points of the clamp away from contact with the cutter a, and allows it to be removed or adjusted.

F represents a mortise or opening pierced through the side of the stock B.

G represents the adjustable side gage, which is provided with a mortise, g, through which is inserted a clamp, and a slot, h, which slides over the shank of the clamp, for allowing the gage G to be adjusted.

H represents a headed clamp-bolt.

I represents the shank of the same, over which the slot h of the gage G moves up or down for its adjustment.

K represents a cam or eccentric lever pivoted to the shank I, which, when turned up, bears against the face of the gage G, securely clamping it in position by drawing the head of clamp-bolt H against the side of the plane-stock, and the cam clamping or pressing against the outside of the gage G. When the lever K is turned down, gage G is released, so that it may be adjusted to the desired height. The mortise g is sufficiently large to allow the eccentric-lever K to pass through the opening g, for the engagement of the slot h, upon the shank I of the clamp-bolt. This device may be readily adjusted and attached to, or removed from the plane. By this method of constructing the side gage the metal of the plane-stock is but slightly weakened, and a very convenient detachable gage is obtained.

I Claim —

In combination with the plane A B, having the ledge c, and the bell-crank E, pivoted to the side of the plane and pivotally connected to the cutter-clamp D, said bell-crank being provided with stop b’, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

JOHN A. KEISER.

Witnesses:
A. GLUCHOWSKY,
A. E. SCOTT.

No. 305,393 – Plane-Bit (William F. Kellett) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”370″]305393

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLIAM F. KELLETT, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

PLANE-BIT.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 305,393, dated September 16, 1884.
Application filed May 26, 1884. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM F. KELLETT, a citizen of the United States, and residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Plane-Bits, which is fully set forth in the following specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which —

Figure 1 is a plan view of a plane-bit containing my iniprovement with the base A uppermost. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same with the cap B uppermost. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the base A. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the chisel or planing-knife. Fig. 5 is a detail section of same on line x x, Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a detail section taken on line y y, Fig. 2. Fig.
7 is a section taken on line z z, Fig. 2.

My improvement relates to that class of planing-tools known as “hand-planes,” and particularly to the parts known as the “plane irons.”

In the drawings, A is the base or holder; B, the cap; C, the chisel or planing-knife; D and E, set-screws.

In the general manufacture of planes by the old method the base or holder A is made of expensive steel, because it also has to serve the purpose of the chisel or planing-knife, and it is necessarily quite heavy in order to give it the requisite rigidity or stiffness.

In the manufacture of a plane containing my improvement the base A and cap B can be made of iron or cheap steel inasmuch as they carry no knife-edges and perform no other function than that of a clamp or vise which holds the chisel C in proper adjustment to the rest of the plane. The chisel C is made of the best quality of saw-plate or other line sheet-steel, and is fastened to the base or holder A by any proper device. I have provided for this purpose the set-screw D and nut G, and set-screw E, and cap B. The set-screw D passes through a suitable hole, w, in the chisel C, and runs in the slot n in the holder or base A. The set-screw E plays in the slot o of the base A, and passing through the slot s in the chisel C screws in the threaded hole r in the cap B.

When it is desired to sharpen. the chisel, the set-screw E and the nut G are released, and the chisel C is moved forward. When the sharpening has been completed, the chisel is moved into proper adjustment and the set-screws are tightened.

The chisel C is made of thin non-self-supporting material, and could not be used alone, but must be supported by some means similar to the systems of irons which I use. It is designed to perform no function save that of a chisel or cutter. The lower end of the base is lipped or turned up, and the lower end of the cap is lipped or turned down, so as to come together and make a snug joint in which to hold the lower end of the chisel.

In putting the parts together of course it is understood that the cap B is uppermost when the chisel is in the plane, and the chisel C and base A would be placed accordingly for the purpose of best fulfilling their several functions. In practice, I so adjust the chisel C relatively to the base A that the bevel of the cutting-edge of the chisel forms a continuous surface with the bevel of the lower edge of the base, this being the most effective position of the parts.

Planes thus made will be less expensive and more easily adjusted and sharpened than those made after the old fashion. When the plane-bit is being set in the plane it is customary to strike the upper end of the base A with a hammer for the purpose of driving down the chisel. I have therefore provided a cap, K, which is made somewhat in the shape of a greatly-broadened old-fashioned wooden clothes-pin, and which, coming down over the end of the base A is riveted to it by the rivets a a. This cap receives the hammer-blows, and thus protects the end which without this protection would be upset and battered down. The cap can be easily removed and replaced at trifling expense. This cap may be applied to plane-irons made in the old way.

I am aware of the patent to Seely and Locke, No. 24,335, June 7, 1859, and do not wish to be understood as claiming the construction therein shown and described; nor do I wish to be understood as claiming, broadly, a plane-bit clamped between a cap and base or back plate, as said construction is old.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. The combination, with the base plate having the thin steel chisel adjustably connected therewith, the adjacent surfaces of the two being plane surfaces, of the cap connected with the base-plate by a clamp-screw to clamp the chisel rigidly against the back plate, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

2. The combination, with the slotted base-plate, of the chisel connected therewith by a clamp-screw at its upper end, whereby the chisel may be adjusted longitudinally on the base-plate, and of the cap connected with the base-plate by a clamp-screw, whereby the chisel may be firmly clamped against the base-plate, when so adjusted, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

3. The cornbination, with the base A, chisel C, and cap B, provided with the slots o n s, and holes r w, of the set-screw E, and set-screw D, and nut G, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4. The combination, with the base A, of the cap K, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

WM. F. KELLETT.

Witnesses:
G. E. FAULKNER,
LEONARD WATSON.

No. 303,338 – Bench-Plane (John F. Taber And William F. Gibbs) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”369″]303338

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN F. TABER AND WILLIAM F. GIBBS, OF CLARION, IOWA.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 303,338, dated August 12, 1884.
Application filed June 3, 1884. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOHN F. TABER. and WILLIAM F. GIBBS, citizens of the United States, residing at Clarion, in the county of Wright and State of Iowa, have lnvented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes; and we do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

The object of this improvement is a bench-plane with a reversible bearing-plate for either closing the throat of the plane, and thereby adapting it to cutting smoothly across the grain of the wood, or opening its throat, and thereby adapting it to ordinary service. These results are attained by the mechanism illustrated in the drawings herewith filed as part hereof, in which the same letters of reference denote the same parts in the different views.

Figure 1 is a sectional front elevation of a bench-plane embodying the features of our improvement. Fig. 2 is a sectional side elevation. Fig. 3 is a sectional view showing the throat of the plane open for ordinary planing. Fig. ft is a top view of the reversible plate. Fig. 5 is a transverse section of the same.

A is the plane-stock. B is the bit, of ordinary construction. C represents the usual wedge. The face of the plane is provided with a suitable recess, a, for the reception of a centrally-perforated reversible plate, D, having its opposite corners on one side cut away or converted, substantially as shown, and provided with recesses c c’ for the reception of the head E’ of the bolt E, which passes through the plane-stock A, and is provided at its upper end with a hand-nut, F, having a milled rim, f, and which screws down on the plane-stock, and rigidly secures the plate D in position. By adjusting the plate D with its flat side down or the corners d adjacent to the point of the bit B, the throat of the plane will be substantially closed, as shown in Fig. 2, and as the ordinary rising action of the shaving will thus be prevented, the bit will cut smoothly across the grain. By reversing the plate or turning its curved sides down, as shown in Fig. 3, the throat G will be opened, and the plane thus adapted for ordinary service.

Having explained the construction and operation of our improvement, what we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The reversible plate D, having opposite convexed corners on one side, and recesses c c’ on opposite sides for the reception of the head E’ of the bolt E, in combination with the plane-stock A, leaving a recess, a, in the face or sole of the plane, forward of the bit, and immediately adjoining and continued into the throat G’ substantially as specified, for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof we affix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN F. TABER.
WILLIAM F. GIBBS.

Witnesses:
C. F. PETERSON,
A. R. LADD.

No. 300,399 – Plane (Solon R. Rust And Arthur E. Rust) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”368″]300399

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

SOLON R. RUST AND ARTHUR E. RUST, OF PINE MEADOW, CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 300,399, dated June 17, 1884.
Application filed March 26, 1884. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, SOLON R. RUST and ARTUR E. RUST, of Pine Meadow, in the county of Litchfield and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, whereby a person skilled in the art can make and use the same, reference being had to the accompainying drawings, and to the letters of reference maarked thereon.

Like letters in the figures indicate the same parts.

Figure 1 is a view in longitudinal central section of my improved plane. Fig. 2 is a top view of the same. Fig. 3 is a side view of the same. Fig. 4 is a view in cross-section of the adjustable yoke on plane denoted by line x x of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view of the carriage which supports the plane-iron.

Our invention relates to the class of planes having a flexible face and means for adjusting the plane-face for working on a convex or concave surface.

It also embraces certain features of construction applicable broadly to planes.

lt consists in the combination of a plane-body with a flexible face and means for adjusting the face, and in the combination of devices for holding and adjustiiig the cutting-iron of the plane-body, as more particularly hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawings, the letter a denotes the plane~body as a whole,made of any suitable material — as iron — having a bed, a’, through which the plane-iron projects, vertical sides a5, which support the face and the blade-adjusting devices, respectively. The flexible face b is fast to the plane-base, and the forked arms c and d are pivoted to the plane-body, as by means of pivots c’ d’, and to the outer ends of the face, as by means of the links c and f. Each of these levers has a short arm, c2 d2, pivotally connected to each other by rods g, The yoke h is pivoted at its lower end to each arm of the lever c near the pivots c’, and bears between the upper and lower crossbars, h1 h2 , an adjusting-screw, i, which is arranged about centrally of the plane-body in a threaded socket in the cross-piece a2, fast to the plane-body in front of the plane-iron. Any vertical movement of the yoke imparted to it by the adjusting-screw i is transmitted to the lever c, and by means of connecting-rods g to the lever d, and from these levers c d to the opposite extremities of the flexible plane-face. This adjustment of the plane-face may be made to a convex surface, as denoted by dotted lines in Fig. 1, or to a concave with equal ease.

The adjustable carriage k is supported in the plane-body by means of the longitudinal and central bearings, l l’, the former resting upon the cross-bar a2, fast to the plane-body, and the latter in a tubular socket, a1, in the plane-body. The carriage k has the downward-projecting lugs k1 k2, against the inner faces of which bear the opposite ends of an adjusting-screw, m, which moves in a threaded socket in the cross-bar a3, fast to the plane-body. This carriage also has the arms n, with the inward-projecting extremities n’, so arranged as to grasp the upper surface of the clamp-iron o, placed over the iron p upon the carriage, when the parts are in position in the plane-body. The lower end of the clamp-iron bears upon the plane-iron just back of the cutting-edge, and its upper end bears the clamp-screw o’, moving in a threaded socket near the upper end of the clamp, and with its point bears upon the upper surface of the plane-iron. The central bearings of the carriage permit of a lateral motion of the carriage and the supported plane-iron, by means of which the plane-iron may be adjusted to a perfect bearing in the socket in the body. The peculiar method of holding the adjusting-screw between the lugs projecting from the carriage prevents backlash or lost motion of the parts and permits a more careful adjustment.

The plane-body, yoke, and the carriage of our improved plane are made, preferably, of metal — as iron — cast to shape, with threaded sockets and bearings for the adjusting-screws and bearings for the carriage formed in subsequent operations.

The main advantage of our improved device is the low cost of its manufacture and simplicity of the operating parts, which perform the functions attainable in like devices of the prior art only at considerable expense.

The peculiar method of holding the clamping-screw between the lugs on the lower part of the carriage relieves the maker of the tool from exercising any great care to get the bearings for the carriage and the axis for the adjusting-screw parallel, as the opposite ends of the adjusting-screw may have lateral play between the lugs and not render the device inoperative.

The plane may be quickly changed from a single-iron plane to a double-iron plane by sliding back the clamp, and the plane-iron adjusted for cutting without changing the clamp, but by simply turning the adjusting-screw m.

We claim as our invention —

1. In combination, in a flexible face-plane, a plane-body, a, a flexible face, b, levers c d, pivotally connected to the plane-body, to each other by connecting-rod g, and to the flexible face-plate, with means for changing the position of said levers and of the flexible face, all substantially as described.

2. The combination of a plane-body, flexible face, pivoted levers connecting the said face and the body, a yoke, h, pivotally connected to the said levers, and an adjusting-screw, i, having bearings in the yoke and in the plane-body, all substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination of a plane-body, a, a carriage, k, with the central bearings, l l’, fitted to suitable bearings in the plane-body, and with lugs k1 k2, bearing upon opposite extremities of an adjusting-screw, m, attached to the body, all substantially as described.

4. In a plane, the combination of a plane-body, a, a carriage, k, with central bearings, l l’, projecting lugs k1 k2, and projections w’, an adjusting-screw, m, with its opposite ends bearing on the inner faces of the lugs, plane-iron p, and clamp-iron o, with clamp-screw o’, all substantially as described.

5. In a plane, the combination of a plane-body and a carriage having lugs bearing upon opposite extremities of an adjusting-screw, m, movable in a socket in a plane-body, all substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

6. In combination, a plane-body, a, having bed a’, cross-bars a2 a3, and socket a4, the forked levers c d, pivoted to the body, connecting-rods g, yoke h, pivoted to the levers, and adjusting-screw i, with plane-iron p and means for holding the same in the body, all substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

SOLON R. RUST.
ARTHUR E. RUST.

Witnesses:
JOSEPH W. DREYRUON,
O. S. THOMPSON.

No. 300,266 – Cabinet-Shave (John A. Keiser) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”367″]300266

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN A. KEISER, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO SAMUEL C. TATUM & CO., OF SAME PLACE.

CABINET-SHAVE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 300,266, dated June 10, 1884.
Application filed February 28, 1884. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN A. KEISER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful lmprovements in Cabinet-Shaves, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improved cabinet-shave, and other similar tools.

The object of my invention is to provide ready means for removing or inserting the bit or knife, all of which will be fully set forth in the description of the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of my invention with the bit removed. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of my improvement with the bit in position for use. Fig. 3 is a bottom plan view of Fig. 2. Fig. 4: is a vertical section on line x x, Fig. 2.

A A represent the handles of my improved shave.

B represents the central portion of the stock of the shave, which, with the handles, is preferably made of malleable iron, cast in one piece. a represents ears cast on and with the stock B.

C represents the swiveling or detachable bit-face; C’, the stationary bit-face, which forms a part of the stock B.

b represents ears attached to the face C, and provided with pivots i, which hinge the ears b to the ears a.

d represents a yoke or bar connected to the ears b.

The parts C, b, b, and d are made of metal formed in one piece, and arranged so as to more freely upon the pivots i.

D represents a cam connected by pivot c to the center of the yoke d.

E represents the bit or knife, which is made to fit into the head B, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4. In order to hold the knife in position by detachable fastenings, it is essential to have it gripped at two points — first, at or near the cutting edge, and, second, at the central point of the knife, sufficiently near the upper end to prevent its rocking or moving. To accomplish this I provide lugs h, at each end of the cutter E on the bottom of face C, and adapted to bear against the cutter E upon each side of the shaving-slot L.

The mode of operation in inserting the knife is as follows: Fig. 1 represents the device with knife or bit removed from the stock of the shave and the cam D hanging loosely upon the yoke d. The knife E is inserted with the proper feed, (the edge depending below the faces C C’,) and cam D is turned upward so as to bring the shoulder against the face ofthe knife. This movement draws the lugs h, on the face C firmly against the blade E, pressing or gripping it tightly against the face C’ of the stock by the inward movement of the face C, caused by the pressure of the shoulder of cam D against the upper end of the knife, forcing the yoke d outward. This mode of constructing the stock and attaching the parts holds the knife firmly in position, and yet allows it to be instantly inserted and removed.

The principal feature of my invention consists in constructing the pivoted portion of the stock so as to grip the knife near the cutting-edge, and central at or near its upper end, and at the same time not be apt to become accidentally disconnected from its bearings.

An inferior modification of my invention would be to employ a thumb-screw passing through the yoke d, instead of the cam D, for gripping the upper end of the knife E. Such a construction would be covered by the first and second claims herein. Spokeshaves and other tools could be made in a similar manner as the within-described cabinet-shave. Another modification could be made by having the lugs h, attached to the face C’ and the shaving-slot in the same side of the bit-face. So, too, one lug h might be employed near the center of the bit-plane; but it would not be as efficient as the plan here shown.

I claim —

1. A shave composed of the stock B and bit-face C’, in combination with the bit-face C, swiveled by a pintle placed parallel with the axis of rotation of the bit-face, and a fastening device, D, suitably supported, and adapted to grip the bit at or near the top and force one of the bit-faces against the lower edge of the bit, whereby the bit will be held to its place by said fastening D and bit-face, independently of other fastenings, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with the stock B and stationary bit-face C’, of the bit-face C, provided with lugs h to bear against the bit and with yoke d, and swiveled by a pintle parallel with its axis of rotation, and a fastening device, D, connected with the yoke d and adapted to bear against the upper part of the bit, the bit being held to its place by said fastening D and the face C, independently of other fastenings, substantially as described.

3. The combination of the stock B and stationary bit-face C’, provided with ears a, the bit-face C, provided with ears b and yoke d, and swiveled to ears a by pintles i, and the cam-lever D, fulcrumed on yoke d, for instantaneonsly fastening and releasing the bit, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

JOHN A. KEISER.

Witnesses:
EDWARD BOYD,
ANDREW E. SCOTT.

No. 299,927 – Plane (Samuel E. Hilles) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”366″]299927

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

SAMUEL E. HILLES, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 299,927, dated June 3, 1884.
Application filed March 19, 1884. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL E. HILLES, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in planes.

The object of my invention is, first, to provide suitable attachments for holding the cutter or bit in position; second, to provide improved means for attaching both vertical and side guides to regulate the cutting of grooves, gains, or rabbets.

The invention consists in the novel construction and combination of devices hereinafter described and claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which —

Figure 1 is a perspective view of my invention, with the attachments in position for use. Fig. 2 is a central vertical section on line x x, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a detail view of the vertical guide; Fig. 4, a perspective view of the side guide; Fig. 5, a detail view of one of the attachments of the side guide.

A B represent an L-shaped plane-stock; C, a handle, the parts being preferably cast in one piece.

a represents a flange upon which the cutter b rests. It is desirable in a plane to provide means for quickly and easily securing the cutter in position, and which can be readily inserted or removed, dispensing with the set-screw, and using instead thereof a cam or eccentric, which bears upon the wide face of the bit or cutter, and holds it more firmly in position than a set-screw, and which can be also more readily set or detached, being more durable than when the cap is secured by screw-threads, which must be formed in the plane-stock, or in the cap, so that common grey iron cannot be practically employed for that purpose.

E represents my improved cap, provided with a lug, e, extending transversely across its upper face, and which engages with the groove formed in the under face of boss D, said groove and lug being arranged across or substantially at right angles to the line of travel of the tool, so that the cap is thereby prevented from longitudinal movement. This lug e and the groove in the face of boss D are rounded or V-shaped, so as to prevent the cap E from being driven downward as the cam-lever F is turned down. A rectangular gain and lug would cause the parts to bind, and not allow the cap E to be raised vertically if the parts are fitted so as to prevent longitudinal motion. The cap E is inserted and removed laterally.

F represents a cam-lever fulcrumed upon the cap E, the face of the cam being as wide as the cutter b, and which when turned down upon the cutter, as shown in Fig. 1, securely holds it in its position on the bed or flange a. The cutter can be loosened, and it, with the cap, quickly removed by turning up the cam F.

G represents a gage or fence, which is secured to the side plate, B, in the following manner:

c represents a vertical groove cut in the face of the side B.

d represents a lug cast on the inner face of the guide G, which engages with the groove c and prevents lateral movement of the guide.

h, represents a slot, pierced through the shank of guide G, through which passes the shank of set-screw H, which taps into the side stock B of the plane, and holds the gage in position. This construction allows the gage G to be adjusted up and down, and secures its adjustment upon the side of stock B without weakening the stock, and in this respect it is an improvement upon the device shown and described in Letters Patent No. 284,941, granted J. M. Bennett, September 11, 1883. The guide G maybe readily removed when it is desired to use the plane with the side B resting against the wood, as in planing into a corner. It is also desirable to provide a side gage, which may be readily attached to or removed from its position on the stock of the plane, and which can be secured thereto in such a manner as not to weaken the stock, which is preferably made of common grey iron. For this purpose I provide a boss, I, on the top face of stock A.

J represents a gage-stock, which is provided with a gain, K, on one of its edges, which gain is of the same width as the side gage, M, so as to allow it to be retracted outward a sufficient distance to employ the full width of the cutter b.

l represents lugs formed upon one side of the gage-stock J, which rests upon the top surface of the stock A, and prevents it from rocking.

L represents a thumb-screw, which is inserted through the gage-stock J, and taps into the boss I, rigidly securing stock J in position to firmly hold the gage M.

n represents a transverse gain cut upon the under surface of the gage-stock J. It is made of the proper shape to receive the slotted shank N, which slides laterally in the gain n, for adjusting the gage M to any desired width of cut.

O represents a set-screw for attaching the gage M to the gage-stock J in such a manner as to adjust the gage, as before described. It will be seen that the gage-stock J and the gage M can be readily attached to or removed from the plane-stock by means of the attaching screw L.

I claim —

1. The combination, in a plane, of the right-angled stock A B, having the flange a, and attached lateral boss D, constructed with a longitudinal groove on its under side, the cap E, having a lug, e, extending transversely across its upper face, and adapted to be slipped sidewise into engagement with the groove of the boss to prevent movement of the cap in the direction of its length, and the swinging cam F, pivoted to the upper end of the cap, for clamping the cutter b upon the flange a substantiallty as described.

2. The combination, with the plane-stock A B, formed with a groove, c, in one side of the part B, but not extending through it, of the adjustable gage G, slotted vertically and provided with the lug d and the set-screw H passed through the slot of the gage and tapped into the part B of the stock, substantially as described.

3. The combination, With the right-angled stock A B, having the boss I on the top face of the part A, of the gage-stock J, provided with lugs l, resting on the face of stock A, and the thumb-nut L inserted through the stock J, and tapped into the boss I to secure stock J in position, substantially as described.

4. The combination of the right-angled stock A B, provided with the boss I on the face of the part A, the gage-stock J, provided with lugs l resting on the face of stock A and , formed with the transverse gain n, and secured to the stock by screw L, the gage M, formed with slotted shank N, entering gain n, and screw O for attaching gage M to stock J substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

SAML. E. HILLES.

Witnesses:
ANDREW E. SCOTT,
A. GLUCHOWSKY.

No. 299,843 – Gage (Charles B. Osborn) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”365″]299843

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHARLES B. OSBORN, OF CANANDAIGUA, NEW YORK.

GAGE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 299,843, dated June 3, 1884.
Application filed April 12, 1884. (Model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES B. OSBORN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Canandaigua, in the county of Ontario and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dado-Guides for Planes; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specifiction.

Figure 1 of the drawings is a face view of my device. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the same, and Fig. 3 is a transverse section.

This invention has relation to adjustable guides for dado-planes; and it consists in the construction and novel arrangement of the longitudinally-recessed rule, carrying a slotted guide-plate and cam, the slotted extension-bar engaging the guide-plate, a second radially-adjustable clamp-jaw, pivoted to said extension-bar, and devices for holding the extension-bar and clamp-jaws in position after adjustment, substantially as specified.

In the accompanying drawings, the letter A designates the rule or guide-bar, against which the dado-plane is designed to work. In the bottom of this bar is made a longitudinal recess, B, and it is provided with an under face-plate, C, which is longitudinally slotted at D, below the recess of the bar. The lateral margins of the slot D project inwardly beyond the walls of the recess, to forrn slide-guides E for the extension.

F indicates the rear clamp-jaw, which is connected to the rule near its end by a clamp-screw and a pivot, G, which engages a spring, H, in a recess of the rule, giving a little play to the clamp-bar in the direction of the length of said rule. The clamp-screws K pass through a strap, L, and through slots I, which are extended radially in series around the center of the jaw. When the clamp-screws are loosened, the jaw can he turned to the required angle, and then by turning the clamp-screws it can be held at that angle firmly. The biting or holding edge N of the jaw, which is to be pressed against the work, is preferably provided with small teeth a. The slots through which the clamp-screws pass are diametrically opposite to each other, and allow the clamp-jaw to be pressed back a little by the spring. In rear of the clamp-jaw is pivoted a cam, P, which engages the circular back b of the clamp-jaw. When this cam is turned in the proper direction, it will force the jaw forward against the work. The slide bar or extension V is slotted in its sides, or entirely through from side to side, as indicated at R, to engage the guide-edges E of the slotted plate C. This extension is designed to fill the recess of the rule-bar neatly, but so that it will slide easily in its bearing.

Z represents the clamp-jaw, which is pivoted to the inner end of the extension by the clamp-screw S, which engages a nut, T, under the slotted guide-plate C. When the clamp-screw S is turned up hard, it secures the extension-bar in the position to which it has been adjusted with relation to the rule-bar. The clarnp-jaw Z is usually provided with small teeth, and is slotted, as at c, to receive a clamp-screw, J, whereby said jaw is held firnily in position after its angular adjustment.

In operating this device the clamp-screw S is loosened, and the jaws are adjusted to the proper angle for the work, which is received between them. The extension-bar and its jaw are then fastened up to the work, allowing about a quarter of an inch between the edge of the jaw and the work. Then the clamp-screw S is tightened and the cam P is turned forcibly, acting to press the jaws against the work. The rule is now fixed in position to guide the dado.

Having described this invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

A dado-guide consisting of the longitudinally-recessed rule, carrying a slotted guide-plate, a radially-adjustable clamp-jaw, and cam, the slotted extension-bar engaging the guide-plate, a second radially-adjustable clamp-jaw pivoted to said extension-bar, and devices for holding the extension-bar and clamp-jaws in position after adjustrnent, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES B. OSBORN.

Witnesses:
G. GRANGER BENHAM,
BRADLEY WYNKOOP.

No. 296,933 – Bench-Plane (Norman Edward Curtis) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”364″]296933

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

NORMAN EDWARD CURTIS, OF MAUSTON, WISCONSIN.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 296,933, dated April 15, 1884.
Application filed January 28, 1884. (Model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, NORMAN EDWARD CURTIS, of Mauston, in the county of Juneau and State of Wisconsin, have invented a new and Improved Bench-Plane, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

In the class of bench-planes having adjustable plane-irons it is common to adjust the plane-iron longitudinally by means of an adjusting screw and lever, and to clamp the plane-iron and its cap by means of a clamping-lever provided with a cam.

My invention provides means for the accurate and quick lateral adjustment of the plane-iron, and it consists in a fulcrum upon which the plane-iron may swing laterally, a longitudinal groove formed in the rear face of the iron, and a lever fulcrumed in the lower part of the plane, with its shorter arm entering the groove in the back of the plane-iron, and its longer arm extending rearward, to be operated by hand or by an adjusting-screw.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of my improved plane, taken on the line x x in Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a plan view. Fig. 3 is a detail view of the cap-iron. Fig. 4 is a rear view of the plane-iron. Fig. 5 is a vertical transverse section taken on the line y y y in Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a vertical transverse section taken on the line z z in Fig. 1, the irons being removed.

The body of the plane is of the usual form, having the bed-piece A attached thereto in the usual way. In the upper surface of the bed-piece A is formed a groove, B, of sufficient width and depth to receive the screw C, which clamps the plane-iron D and cap-iron E together. The groove B is of sufficient length to permit the greatest required range of longitudinal rnovement of the plane-iron, while it embraces the sides of the screw-head so closely as to admit of little or no lateral motion of the plane-iron at that point. The shorter arm of a lever, F, fulcrumed in the bed-piece A, extends into an aperture, a, in the cap-iron E. The longer arm of the lever F is engaged by a milled nut, G, on the screw-threaded stud H, projecting from the back of the bed-piece A. By turning the milled nut G the plane-iron D is adjusted longitudinally in the usual way. The plane-iron D and cap-iron E are clamped in place by a clamping-lever, I, having a slot bolt hole, b, near its lower end for receiving the screw c, which also passes through the plane-iron and the cap-iron. A cam-lever, J, pivoted in the upper end of the clamping-lever, presses on a bearing plate, d, carried by the lever I, and which, in turn, presses upon the upper end of the cap-iron. The lever I is similar to others in use; but lf have shortened the distance between the screw c and the lower end thereof, and have increased the distance between the said screw and the cam-lever J, so as to secure an increased leverage and a corresponding increase in the firmness with which the plane-iron is held in place.

In the back of the plane-iron D and from the lower end thereof along the middle a groove, e, extends toward the usual longitudinal slot, f, of the plane-iron.

In a mortise formed in the lower portion of the bed-piece A a lever, K, is fulcrumed, so as to swing in a plane parallel with the face of the plane-body. The shoulder-arm h of the lever K is beveled and provided with a tongue, L, entering the groove e in the back of the plane-iron D. The longer arm i of the lever K, extends beyond the rear of the bed-piece A, where it may be moved by the hand alone or by any suitable mechanical device. I prefer to employ a screw, M, journaled transversely in the plane-body, and having a milled head, j, and carrying a traveling nut, N, having a loop, k, for receiving the longer arm i of the lever K. By turning the screw M in one direction or the other the lever K is correspondingly moved, and the plane-iron, by virtue of its engagement with the lever, is swung laterally, the clamping-screw C being the center of motion. This adjustment enables the user to readily and accurately adjust the cutting-edge of the plane-iron to parallelism with the face of the plane; and, furthermore, the tongue L at the end of the lever K forms a guide which permits of replacing the plane-iron in the plane-body without the necessity of special adjustment each time it is removed and replaced. Where a single iron is used, a screw corresponding to the clamping-screw C will be inserted in the back thereof to form a pivot on which the iron may swing.

I have described one term of my invention. It is obvious that it adrnits of various modifications, such as substituting a rib for the groove in the back of the iron and making a groove for its reception in the end of the adjusting-lever. The adjusting-lever may be bifurcated and made to embrace the edges of the plane-iron when neither the groove nor the rib would be required. It will also be seen that the adjusting-screw may be arranged to act directly on the plane-iron to secure the necessary lateral movement. In view of these various possible modifications of my improvement, I do not limit or confine my invention to the precise form herein shown and described.

Having described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

1. In a bench-plane, the combination, with the pivoted plane-iron having in its lower rear side a longitudinal groove of the laterally-adjustable lever adapted to fit into the groove of the plane iron, and capable of adjustment by the hand, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a bench-plane, the combination, with the longitudinally-grooved bed-piece, of the cap-iron having the rear headed projection or screw, with its head entering the groove of said bed-piece, and the adjusting-lever engaging said iron, and actuated by an adjusting-nut, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a bench-plane, the combination, with the pivoted plane-iron having in its lower rear surface a longitudinal groove, of the laterally-adjustable lever having a tongue entering the groove of the plane-iron, and the headed screw carrying a nut or sleeve provided with a loop which receives the outer end of the aforesaid lever, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

NORMAN EDWARD CURTIS.

Witnesses:
JOHN F. CURTIS,
GEORGE CURTIS.

No. 296,785 – Plane (Joseph B. Ripsom) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”363″]296785

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOSEPH B. RIPSOM, OF OSHKOSH, WISCONSIN.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 296,785, dated April 15, 1884.
Application filed July 21, 1884. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH B. RIPSOM, a citizen of the United States, residing at Oshkosh, in the county of Winnebago and State of Wisconsin, have invented a new and useful Plane, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to carpenters’ planes, and is especially adapted for use as a carriage-maker’s miter-plane. Its object is to provide a plane possessing superior advantages in point of simplicity, inexpensiveness, durability, and general efficiency.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved plane. Fig-2 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of the same. Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse sectional view taken on the line x x, Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a top view of the plane with the bit, cap-plate, and eccentric lever removed. Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view of the bit. Fig. 6 is a detail perspective view of the cap-plate.

Referring to the drawings, A designates the stock, which is formed of metal and provided with the usual handle, B. This stock comprises a bottom plate, C, at the side edges of which are provided longitudinal flanges D D, that incline outwardly and upwardly from plate C at an angle, preferably, of forty-five degrees. The throat or slot E extends entirely across the plate C, so that the bit or cutter extends to the vertex of the angles formed by plate C and flanges D D. A transverse brace-plate, F, is preferably formed between the flanges D D and just in front of the throat E, while a transverse rib, G, is provided some distance in rear of the throat, and is formed with a screw-threaded recess, H. Between this rib G and the throat E are provided upright side danges I I, having perforations J, in which a cross-pin, K, is secured.

L is a lever-block, which is provided with an elongated perforation, M, at its front end, through which passes a fulcrurn-screw, N, into the recess H, and has also upright side flanges, O O, at this end, formed with perforations P. At the rear end of this lever-block is formed a screw- threaded perforation, Q, through which works a set-screw, R, against the bottom plate, C, to raise and lower the said lever, by which operation the bit can be set at different angles for convenience in cutting with or across the grain of the wood.

S is a bed-plate, which is provided with a longitudinal slot, T, having longitudinal side shoulders, U U, and also has downwardly-extending side flanges V V, formed with perforations W, through which a cross-pin, X, is passed to pivot the bed-plate to the lever-block. The bed-plate extends down between the flanges I I, and a set-screw, Y, works through the slot T, with its head against the shoulders U U, into a block or nut, Z, bearing against the under side of the bed-plate. The head of this set-screw engages a cross-slot, A2, in the bit or cutter B2, to retain the latter in position, and the screw is only to be moved as the cutter wears away.

C2 is a cap-plate, which is preferably formed of steel, and is bowed to form a spring, as shown. This plate is preferably formed with end shoulders, D2 D2, which engage corresponding shoulders, E2 E2 at each side the throat E.

F2 is an eccentric lever, comprising an operating-handle, G2, and an eccentric head, H2, formed with a transverse groove, l2, by which it can be engaged under the pin K, to bind against the spring-plate and secure the bit in position against the bed-plate.

The operation and advantages of my invention will be readily understood and appreciated. It is very sirnple and efiicient in construction, and its parts can be easily governed and adjusted. By turning the set-screw R the bit will be given cut, and when the screw is turned back the tension of the spring cap-plate will automatically return the bit to its former position.

I claim as my invention —

1. The combination, with the stock comprising the bottom plate having the longitudinal side flanges inclined outwardly and upwardly at an angle from the bottom plate, and formed with the throat extending entirely across the bottom plate to the vertex of the angle formed by the bottom plate and side danges, of a lever-block fulcrumed on the stock, a set-screw for operating the said lever, a bed-plate connected with the lever, the bit carried by the bed-plate, and means for securing the bit in position, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of the stock having the throat and upright flanges, the cross-pin between the latter, the lever-block having the fulcrum-perforation, and disposed just above the bottom plate and in rear of the throat, the fulcrum-screw, the set-screw for adjusting the lever, the longitudinally-slotted bed-plate pivoted on the lever, the set-screw working in the slot in the bed-plate, the bit having the slot for receiving the head of this screw, the spring cap-plate, and the eccentric lever under said cross-pin and acting to clamp down the spring cap-plate, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination, in a plane, of the main bottom lever, the set-screw working through the free end of the lever, a bed-plate pivoted to the lever at its fulcrurn end, the bit or cutter connected with the bed-plate, the bowed spring cap-plate, the cross-pin K, and the eccentric lever adjustable under this pin and against the springplate, whereby the bit can be adjusted by the set-screw and will be returned by the said spring-plate, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination of the bed-plate having the longitudinally-disposed slot formed with longitudinal side shoulders, the set-screw working through the slot with its head against the shoulders, the nut receiving the screw and bearing against the under side of the bed-plate, and the bit having the transverse slot that received the head of the set-screw, the bit being carried and adapted to be fed by adjusting said screw, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination of a bed-plate, the bit or cutter connected thereto, the bowed spring cap-plate, the cross-pin K, and the eccentric lever having the eccentric head formed with the transverse slot, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto aftixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOSEPH B. RIPSOM.

Witnesses:
JOHN BAUMGARTNER,
GUSTAV EILERS.

No. 296,207 – Joiner’s Plane (George D. Mosher And William H. Ford) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”362″]296207

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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GEORGE D. MOSHER AND WILLIAM H. FORD, OF BIRMINGHAM, CONN.

JOINER’S PLANE.

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SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 296,207, dated April 1, 1884.
Application filed January 21, 1884. (No model.)

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, GEORGE D. MOSHER and WILLIAM H. FORD, of Birmingham, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented a new Improvement in Joiners’ Planes; and ive do hereby declare the followiing, when taken in connection with accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, and which said drawings constitute part of this specification, and represent, in —

Figure 1, a left-hand side view; Fig. 2, a right-hand side view, Fig. 3, a face view; Fig. 4, a sectional side view, to illustrate the adjustment of the cutter, Fig. 5, a section on line x x, looking downward, to show the connection between the cutter and the hub of the adjusting-lever.

This invention relates to an improvement in planes for joiners’ use, particularly to that class in which the stock is constructed from cast metal.

The principal object of the invention is to construct the stock with the mouth and throat extending entirely across it, and whereby the possibility of “choking” is avoided; but it also has for its object a simple and easy adjustment of the cutter; and the invention consists in the construction, as hereinafter fully described, and more particularly recited in the claims.

A represents the rear portion, and B the front-portion, between which the mouth a is formed. This mouth extends entirely across the face of the plane, as seen in Fig. 3, instead of leaving a connection between the front and rear portions at each end of the mouth, as in the usual construction. As the front and rear parts of the stock are separated by this mouth, We connect them above and over the throat C by a connection, D, extending from the handle E at the rear to a handle, F, at the front. This connection is made in the form of a thin web centrally on the stock, so as to make the plane as light as it conveniently can be. The back of the throat is inclined to form a seat, b, for the cutter d in the usual relation to the mouth. From the seat b a standing screw-threaded stud, e, extends forward at right angles to the seat, over which the cutter will set, the cutter being constructed with a slot for such purpose, and so as to permit the cutter to be moved up or down, as occasion may require. The cutter placed thereon, a cap or clamping piece, f, is applied over the bolt, and then a nut, h, turned thereon, clamps the cutter to its seat. This stud e is best fixed in place by being introduced into the mold and the metal cast around it.

As a simple and convenient means for adjusting the cutter, we arrange a lever, i, upon a hub, l, which extends through the web, and so as to take a seat therein and permit the hub to be turned by applying the fingers to the lever. The handle stands upon one side of the web, as seen in Fig. 5.

On the cutter, above the stud e, is a stud, m. From this stud a link, o, extends up to the hub l on the opposite side to the lever i, and is there connected to the hub by an eccentric pin or screw, p, as seen in Fig. 5. Therefore by turning the lever i the eccentric pin p imparts a corresponding movement to the link, and thence to the cutter, so that turning in one direction the cutter may be drawn upward, or in the opposite direction forced downward, according to the adjustment required.

By this construction of plane the throat and mouth are open from side to side, so that the cuttings or shavings must readily pass out of the throat, and cannot by any possibility be stopped therein, so as to choke the mouth. The adjustment of the cutter is simple and cheap.

We are aware that metal planes have been constructed with the mouth extending from side to side in like manner as in what are known as “rabbet-planes,” and therefore do not claim, broadly, such a plane.

We claim —

1. A cast-metal plane having the front and rear portions separated by the mouth and throat, whereby said mouth and throat are open from side to side, the front and rear portions connected over the throat, the rear portion constructed vvith a seat, b, for the cutter, said seat provided with a fixed screw-threaded stud, e, the cutter d, the clamp f, and nut h, substantially as described.

2. A cast-metal plane having the throat and mouth open from side to side, the rear and front portions of the stock connected centrally centric connection with the hub of said lever, over the throat above the cutter, the rear portion constructed with a, seat to receive and support the cutter, the adjusting-lever i, arranged above the cutter in the connection which unites the rear and front portions, and a link in connection with the cutter and in eccentric connection with the hub of said lever, substantially as described.

GEORGE D. MOSHER.
WILLIAM H. FORD.

Witnesses:
EDWIN B. GAGER,
ANDREW J. EWEN.

No. 295,916 – Variable Bench-Plane (Amos Fales) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”361″]295916

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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AMOS FALES, OF DENVER, COLORADO.

VARIABLE BENCH-PLANE.

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SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 295,916, dated April 1, 1884.
Application filed March 31, 1883. (Model.)

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, AMOS FALES, of Denver, in the county of Arapahoe and State of Colorado, have invented certain Improvements in Variable Bench-Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification.

These improvements are upon variable bench-planes constructed upon the general plan set forth in Letters Patent granted to me March 7, 1882, No. 254,542, and are mainly additional thereto, although I have in one or two respects changed and improved the construction therein shown and described. Except as to these changes, as hereinafter specified, I use the invention substantially as described in the said Letters Patent; but it is to be understood that the improvements herein described and claimed may be applicable to other constructions of bench-planes besides those therein set forth; and my invention is intended to embrace all applications to which the several features, any or all, may be adapted.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a front side view of the main stock of the bench-plane and parts belonging thereto, constructed with my present improvements, Fig. 2, a front side view of the auxiliary stock and attached parts constructed with my present improvements 5 Fig. 3, a back side view of the said auxiliary stock; Fig. 4, a top view of the two stocks connected together for use; Fig. 5, a front view of the stocks arranged as in Fig. 4; Fig. 6, a front view of the two stocks arranged for tonguing; Fig. 7, a front view of the stocks arranged for grooving; Fig. 8, a similar view of the stocks arranged to constitute a front fillister; Fig. 9, a similar view of the stocks arranged for a back fillister; Figs. 10, 11, and 12, views showing the construction of the auxiliary stock adapted to other kinds of work.

Like letters designate corresponding parts in all the figures.

First, in the construction of the main stock A, I employ an improved handle, as represented in Figs. 1 and 4. The handle proper, B, is turned in simple cylindrical form, with one side slightly flattened to rest upon a straight plane-surfaced flange, a, cast upon the stock. Screws b b attach the handle to the flange, which is suitably inclined to give the handle the proper position for grasping. Not only is this construction of the handle very simple and cheap, but it is very easy for the hand and convenient for use in connection with other parts of the instrument, not interfering with the adjustment of the cutters; also, the molds or form-plates C D, instead of having shoulders to fit under the lower edge of the stock-flange c, for holding them in proper position, I now form their vertical attaching-flanges d d each with upward extensions e e, to bear against the shoulder formed by the projecting lower edge of the body f of the stock. This construction of the form-plates leaves the lower edge of the stock-flange c free and unobstructed and enables me to permanently attach thereto one dado-spur, g, as shown in Figs. 4 to 9 of the drawings, and saves the expense of two spurs on each dado. and it is always in position for use.

Another change in the construction of the main stock consists in terminating the lower part of the cutter-bracket E at the line of the shoulder or lower edge of the body f of the stock, thereby leaving the stock without side projections beyond the stock-flange below the said line, so that very narrow grooves may be out to the full depth of the said flange.

Second, in the construction of the auxiliary stock G, I form the stock and cutter-holder in one instead of two parts or sections, thus simplifying and cheapening the construction and rendering the use ofthe stock more convenient, and enabling me to apply any other attachment which may be desired. The stock thus approximates in construction and use to the main stock.

Further, for many purposes the fiange h of the auxiliary stock extends lower than or entirely below the corresponding flange, c, of the main stock, as shown in Fig. 5 and following figures of the drawings. This enables me to use, if desired, a cutter in the main stock, which may extend laterally over the auxiliary stock, as shown, for instance, in Fig. 5. Besides, it enables me to employ, in connection with the auxiliary stock, a “fence” or gage and guide-strip, H, for uses such as illustrated in Figs. 7, 8, and 9, and hereinafter set forth. This fence is preferably made of wood, and is consequently cheap and light. It is made of the form shown or any other most convenient. It is attached to the flange h of the auxiliary stock below the body thereof, which forms a guide-shoulder, by two screws, i i passing through notches j j of the stock-flange, so that it is easily attached and detached. Its surface, which faces the main stock, is plane and parallel therewith. By adjusting the auxiliary stock to the required distance from the main stock on the connecting-bars I J this fence may be brought to bear against and run along one side of the stuff to be worked, and serve as a guide for the instrument and gage for the work.

In Figs. 4 and 5 and the following figures of the drawings I illustrate the operation of the instrument provided with the above-de-
scribed improvements.

In Figs. 4 and 5 is shown an arrangement for a front fillister, with a wide cutter, k, in the main stock overlapping the auxiliary stock, which in this case needs no cutter, but is low enough in the middle to allow the lapping over of the main-stock cutter. The flange h furnishes the side gage, and the vertical gage-stop L is mounted on the connecting-bar I, back of the main stock, to gage the depth of the cut in the board or stuff x, indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 5.

In Fig. 6 is shown an arrangement for tonguing. Here also the flange h of the auxiliary stock serves as the side gage, and the vertical gage-stop is mounted between the two stocks. The cutter k of the main stock cuts behind the tongue of the board x, and a cutter, M, in the auxiliary stock cuts in front of the tongue.

In Fig. 7 I show an arrangement for grooving. In this arrangement a fence, H, is used on the auxiliary stock for the side gage, and the vertical gage-stop I is arranged back of the main stock, the cutter k of the main stock cutting the grooves in the board or plank x, in connection with the fixed dado-spur g on the main-stock flange.

In Fig. 8 is shown an arrangement for a front fillister, with the use of a fence, H, on the auxiliary stock. By this arrangement as narrow a rabbet or shoulder may be cut in the stuff as ever will be required.

In Fig. 9 is shown an arrangernent for a back fillister, a fence, H, on the auxiliary stock furnishing the side gage, and the vertical gage-stop L being mounted between the two stocks.

Figs. 10, 11, and 12 show a construction of the auxiliary stock adapted to kinds of work in which it is not convenient for the flange h to project lower than the main stock — as, for instance, in making window-sashes. Here the stock-flange h projects horizontally, and the fence H is attached below it, the attaching-screws i i going down through notches j j, which allow a lateral adjustment of the fence.

As seen in Fig. 12, the screws i i enter the fence nearer one edge than the other. When the fence is attached, as shown, the fence is back of the front side of the stock, allowing the cutter M of the stock to cut over the sash x or other article. By reversing the position of the fence, however, the edge of the same projects in front of the stock, as required for some kinds of work. There is a notch or depression, l, Figs. 10 and 11, in the middle of the auxiliary stock, to allow the center of the main stock to reach over the auxiliary stock, when desired. The auxiliary stock is depressed under this notch, the fence being cut away to allow the two to come together.

I claim as my invention —

1. In a bench-plane, a handle, B, made of cylindrical form, flattened on one side, in combination with an inclined plane-faced flange, a, on the plane-stock. substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

2. The combination of the main stock A, having the lower edge of its body f and cutter-bracket E in one straight line, and its flange c provided with a dado-spur, g, and the form-plates C D, having vertical attaching-flanges d d bearing against the straight lower edge of the said stock-body and bracket, and adapted to have their lower surfaces flush with the lower edge of the said stock-flange, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

3. The reversible fence H, in combination with the stock G, the points of attachment being to one side of the middle longitudinal line of the fence, whereby two positions are given thereto fulfilling two purposes, substantially as herein specified.

4. The combination of the main stock A, having a downwardly-extended flange, c, on its lower edge, and a cutter extending laterally beyond the stock, and the auxiliary stock G, cut away at the top to allow the main-stock cutter to project over it, and having a flange, h, bent laterally, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name in presence of two witnesses.

AMOS FALES.

Witnesses:
J. DEWEESE,
H. T. CASTLE.

No. 295,414 – Bench-Plane (Charles A. Meekins) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”360″]295414

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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CHARLES A. MEEKINS, OF NEW HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

BENCH-PLANE.

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SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 295,414, dated March 18, 1884.
Application filed May 31, 1883. (No model.)

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES A. MEEKINS, of New Hartford, in the county of Litchfield and State of Connecticut, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, where —

Figure 1 is a side view, with a portion of the sides of the stock represented as broken away. Fig. 2 is a view looking diagonally down upon the top from the point a5 over Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a view of the plane in central vertical lengthwise section. Fig. 4. shows a detail top view of the rocking clamp-iron, and also a detail side view of the same.

The letter a denotes the stock or body of the plane, which may he partly of wood and partly of metal, or substantially wholly of wood or wholly of metal. In the drawings I show it with the bottom part composed of wood and the upper part of iron.

The letter b denotes the chisel or plane-iron, of the ordinary kind. The letter c denotes the cap-iron, which is novel in its construction; but it is secured to the plane-iron b, in substantially the ordinary way, by the connecting-screw d.

The letter e denotes what I call the “rocking clamp-iron,” because it has a rocking motion for effecting the adjustment of the plane-iron and cap-iron on the studs or pivots a’ a’; and it also serves in a novel manner the function of a clamp-iron-that is, it is the important factor in attaching the plane-iron and the cap-iron to the stock of the plane. This rocking clamp-iron runs under the cap-iron. The pin e’, jointed somewhat loosely at the bottom to the rocking clamp-iron, projects upward through the cap-iron, and upon the upper end bears the nut f, by means of which the plane-iron and cap-iron are clamped to the stock — that is, by running the nut down, the journal ends of the rocking clamp-iron press against the studs a’ a’, and the plane-iron is forced firmly down upon its seat. This rocking clamp-iron has an extended part or lever end, e”, the end of which is bifurcated, and takes hold of an annular groove in the adjusting-screw g, which is hung in the cap-iron.

By manipulating this adjusting-screw the edge of the plane-iron may be nicely adjusted. The mode or manner in which this is effected is not, perhaps, plain at a first glance; but the explanation is that by manipulating this adjusting-sorew the clamp-iron is rocked on pivots a’, and carries the plane and cap irons with it in its up and down but not its rocking movements.

I claim as my improvement —

1. In combination, the plane-body bearing the pivots, the plane-iron, the cap-iron attached to the plane-iron, the longitudinally-rocking clamp-iron, adjustably connected to the cap-iron and bearing between its points of connection upon the pivots on the plane-body, all substantially as described.

2. The oornbination of the longitudinally-rocking clamp-iron e, loosely attached to cap-iron e by pin e’ and nut f, adjusting-screw g, plane-iron b, and plane-body a, with pivot-bearings for the clamp-iron, all substantially as described.

CHARLES A. MEEKINS.

Witnesses:
SARA J. SIMONDS,
WM. E. SIMONDS.