Tag: 1898

No. 609,681 – Router (Allen J. Kniffen) (1898)

[paiddownloads id=”537″]609681

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ALLEN J. KNIFFEN, OF SCHENECTADY, NEW YORK.

ROUTER.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 609,681, dated August 23, 1898.
Application filed September 27, 1897. Serial No. 653,151. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALLEN J. KNIFFEN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Schenectady, county of Schenectady, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Routers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to that class of wood-working-tools known as “router-planes,” or, as more commonly called, “routers.”

The object of the invention is to provide a router in which the cutting-tool can be adjusted with precision and accuracy and secured in its adjusted position and also can be readily and quickly mounted in its support and removed therefrom.

The invention consists in a router constructed and arranged as hereinafter set forth and claimed.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of a router constructed in accordance with this invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical section thereof through the middle,with the cutting-tool in full view; and Fig. 3 is a detail view, in horizontal section, showing the means for holding and securing the tool in place.

The router is provided with a base 1, as here shown of an oblong rectangular shape, having the two side recessed portions 2 and the central rectangular opening 3. Suitable handles 4 are mounted in the recessed portions 2. The back of the rectangular opening is formed with the raised portion 5, on which is mounted the cutting-tool. This consists of the cutting portion 6 on the lower end of the shank 7. The shank 7 is removably located in sleeves 8 9 8 of three bracket-arms 8′ 9′ 8′, the sleeves 8 8 being fixed to the upper and lower ends of a plate 10, mounted in the raised portion 5 in any suitable manner — as, for example, by means of a dovetailed joint — and secured thereto by a screw or other suitable means. The sleeve 9 is vertically movable between the sleeves 8 8, preferably in a suitable groove in plate 10, as here shown, especially in Fig. 3 of the drawings, the rear portion of sleeve 9 engaging a groove 10′, which serves as a guideway for the sleeve 9, as well as a seat therefor when it is locked in position. The sleeve 9 has also a slight lateral play. The sleeve 9 is provided on its rear with a threaded arm extending through a vertical slot 12 in plate 10 and the slot 13 in the raised portion 5, the slot 13 being in alinement with the slot 12. A wing 14 and washer 15, lying across the slot 13, are mounted on the arm 11 and serve to lock the sleeve 9 after the adjustment of the tool is effected and by drawing it laterally to clamp the tool- shank. The sleeve 9 is moved by means of an adjusting-screw 16, which has a threaded engagement with the bracket-arm 9′, the upper and lower ends of said adjusting-screw 16 being plain or unthreaded and extending through holes in the bracket-arm 8’. The screw 16 is held in place by a washer 17, located thereon beneath the upper bracket-arm 8’, and is operated by means of a milled head 16′ at its upper end. The shaft 7 of the cutting-tool extends through and is adapted to be slid vertically in the sleeves 8 9 8. In order that the shaft 7 may not drop out of the sleeve 8 9 8 when the wing-nut 14 is loosened, some means is necessary to hold it in frictional engagement therein, which also permits of its being adjusted in said sleeve before the sleeve 9 is adjusted. Any suitable means may be employed for holding the shaft in such frictional engagement.

As here shown, more particularly in Fig. 3, a spring 13 is employed, mounted in a recess 19 in the back of sleeve 9 and bracket-arm 9’, the outer or free end of spring 18 projecting into sleeve 9 and bearing against the shank 7. The rear of shank 7 is preferably formed with the flattened portion 20 to afford room and a better surface for the spring 18 to bear against shank 7.

In this class of devices it is necessary to readily and precisely adjust the cutting portion 6 to the depth required below the base 1, and this is effected as follows: The wing-nut 14 being loosened, the shank 7 is held in the sleeves 8 9 8 by frictional engagement of spring 20 and maybe pushed to approximately the desired position. The precise adjustment of the cutting-tool is then effected by turning the thumb-nut 16′, which moves the sleeve 9, carrying the cutting-tool, to the exact position desired. The tool is then rigidly held in such position by tightening the wing-nut 14, which draws the sleeve 9 against the groove 16’, firmly clamping the tool-shank and locking the parts in position. This binding action is very essential in tools of this kind, because if there is the slightest vibration in the tool it will not perform the work properly and will, as it is called, “chatter.” By having the parts mounted on the plate 10, as shown, they may be readily and quickly disconnected from the raised portion 5 for packing or repair by unfastening the plate 10 and sliding it out of position.

If preferred, in lieu of the plate 10 the bracket-arms 8′ may be mounted directly on the raised portion 5.

It will thus be seen that by means of a router constructed and arranged as herein set forth the cutting-tool can be easily placed in position or removed, will be held in this movable and removable position by frictional engagement, and can be quickly and precisely adjusted to the desired cutting position and locked in place.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. A router having fixed sleeves mounted on bracket-arms, an intermediate sleeve movable vertically and slightly laterally mounted on a movable bracket-arm, and an adjusting-screw for vertically adjusting the movable sleeve, in combination with a cutting-tool having a shank held in frictional engagement in said sleeve, and means connected with the movable sleeve for locking it to the main frame of the tool which also draws the movable sleeve laterally to clamp the tool-shank, as set forth.

2. A router having fixed bracket-arms carrying the sleeves, a vertically-movable bracket-arm carrying a sleeve which may be moved slightly laterally, and an adjusting-screw for vertically moving the movable sleeve, a groove in the main portion of the tool with which the movable sleeve engages, and a threaded arm, projecting from the movable sleeve, and having a nut for binding and locking the movable sleeve to the main frame of the tool and also drawing it laterally, in combination with a cutting-tool having its shank held in frictional engagement with said sleeve, as set forth.

3. A router having fixed brackets carrying sleeves, a vertical groove between said brackets, a movable bracket and sleeve engaging and movable vertically and slightly laterally in said groove, an adjusting-screw engaging said bracket, a threaded arm projecting from said movable sleeve through a slot in the bottom of said vertical groove, and a nut on said threaded arm for locking said movable sleeve in said groove, in combination with a cutting-tool, having its shank held in frictional sliding engagement in said sleeves, as set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 18th day of September, 1897.

ALLEN J. KNIFFEN.

Witnesses:
Mrs. A. J. KNIFFEN,
B. B. HULL.

No. 603,832 – Block Or Smoothing Plane (Patrick Shea) (1898)

[paiddownloads id=”536″]603832

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

PATRICK SHEA, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

BLOCK OR SMOOTHING PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 603,832, dated May 10, 1898.
Application filed September 20, 1897. Serial No. 652,271. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PATRICK SHEA, of Boston, (Dorchester,) in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Block or Smoothing Planes, of which the following is a description sufficiently full, clear, and exact to enable those skilled in the art to which it appertains or with which it is most nearly connected to make and use the same.

This invention relates to woodworkers’ planes generally, and particularly to metal block or smoothing planes.

It is the object of the invention to provide such improvements in articles of manufacture of the kind mentioned as will enable the bit or plane-iron to be supported at but a slight pitch or angle relatively to the sole or face of the plane, so as that it may better perform some functions than if it were set at the usual or common angle.

It is also the object of the invention to provide improved means for adjusting the plane-iron or bit, so that its depth of cut may be regulated with the utmost nicety.

It is, furthermore, the object of the invention to provide improved means for holding the plane-iron down upon its bed or seat, which means shall be simple in and economical of construction and serviceable and efficient in the highest degree.

To these ends my invention consists of the improvements which I will proceed to describe in detail, and then set forth with particularity in the appended claims.

Reference is to be had to the annexed drawings, and to the letters marked thereon, forming a part of this specification, the same letters designating the same parts or features, as the case may be, wherever they occur.

Of the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a metallic block-plane embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same, the bow-spring and toat being omitted. Fig. 3 is vertical longitudinal sectional view of the same. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the plane-bit detached. Fig. 5 is a bottom view of the bow-spring used to hold the bit down upon its bed and to serve also as the toat to the plane.

In the drawings, a designates the stock or frame of the plane, which, as herein shown, it is proposed to construct of metal, though it may be made of other material.

b is the sole or base, which is provided with sides or walls a and a rear wall or cross-
piece l.

c is the bit or plane-iron.

t is the “horn.”

d is the toat.

In carrying out my invention I provide a projection e on the upper side of the base G, provided with a vertical perforation to receive a stud h.

The bit is adapted to travel on inclined shevels or shoulders along the sides a of the stock, extending from the cross-piece l to the throat, and is formed in its longitudinal central rear portion with a slot g sufficiently wide to have the stud h and projection e operate therein when the bit is moved back and forth. Near the rear end of the bit there are two cross-bars i i’ secured to the bit, so as to bridge, as it were, the slot g and leave a space j between said cross-bars. It would serve my purpose just as well, however, to make the cross-bars i i’ an integral part of the bit.

k is a bit-adjusting screw threaded throughout nearly its length and arranged to turn in a hole formed in the vertical rear flange l of the bit-stock and at its inner end to be guided in a hole formed in the rearward part of the projection e. Neither of the said supports for the screw are screw-threaded, but are simply plain bearings for the latter.

Upon the screw k there is arranged a traveler on, having a screw-threaded hole formed therethrough to receive the shank of the screw k. The said traveler m extends up between the bridge-pieces i i’ of the bit in such a manner that when the screw is turned the traveler will be moved to and fro thereon, and as a consequence will move the bit longitudinally with it and adjust the bit in the mouth of the base of the plane, so as to make it take a deeper or shallower cut, as may be desired.

n designates the bow spring or holder, which is a piece of sheet metal bent in cross-section in the form of a bow, as is best represented in Fig. 3, so that its front end may rest upon the forward end of the bit and its rearward end bear upon the rear end of the same. Upon the bow-spring n, the toat d is supported, as shown.

In the central portion of the bow-spring there is formed a hole o, backward from which there extends a narrowed slot p, and in the upper end of the stud h, on opposite sides thereof, there are formed slots q, so that after the bit may have been put in place upon its bearings and properly connected with its adjusting means the bow-spring may be placed in position upon the bit, so that the upper end of the stud h, may extend through the hole o, and then by bearing down on the spring and moving it forward the sides of the slot p may take into the slots q of the stud and not only hold the spring in place, so that the toat or handle d may be employed in moving the plane, but so also as that the bow-spring may press and hold the bit down in its proper working position.

Inasmuch as in the operation of the plane the effort to move it back will be but slight and substantially all of the appreciable energy will be exerted forward, the bow-spring and toat will be held securely in place.

In addition to supporting the bit or plane-iron in position so as to render it most efficient in operation, as I have before described, my adjusting means for the bit have been found very efficient and simple, not liable to be disturbed in the usual operation of the plane, and effective in operating the bit to adjust it with the utmost nicety, and to do this in a manner better than is accomplished in planes as now commonly constructed. Furthermore, the means described for holding the bit in place by means of the bow-spring are exceedingly simple in and economical of construction, besides being effective in the highest degree.

Having thus explained the nature of the invention and described away of constructing and using the same, though without attempting to set forth all of the forms in which it may be made or all of the modes of its use, it is declared that what is claimed is —

1. A block or smoothing plane comprising in its construction a planer-iron or bit and bit-support; a bow-spring constructed to bear at its ends upon the forward and rear ends of the bit; and a headed stud, the bow-spring having a centrally-arranged keyhole-slot to engage the head of the stud as set forth.

2. In a device of the class described the combination with a walled base-piece having a projection on its upper face, of a headed stud mounted in the projection, a slotted bit suitably arranged on the stud, shoulders arranged diagonally of the side walls of the base and forming supports for the bit, a thumb-screw having bearings in said projection of the base and the rear wall, a screw-threaded traveler upon the thumb-screw, having connection with the bit and a bow-spring engaging the head of the stud and bearing at its ends upon the ends of the bit to secure the latter in position and provided with a toat upon its upper face.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 4th day of September, A. D. 1897.

PATRICK SHEA.

Witnesses:
ARTHUR W. CROSSLEY,
W. SHEA.

No. 600,767 – Plane (John Brandell) (1898)

[paiddownloads id=”535″]600767

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN BRANDELL, OF WALPOLE, NEW HAMPSHIRE.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 600,767, dated March 15, 1898.
Application filed August 5, 1897. Serial No. 647,180. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN BRANDELL, of Walpole, in the county of Cheshire and State of New Hampshire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention is an improvement in planes, and relates more especially to rabbeting-planes, the object of the same being to provide one that can be readily adjusted to increase and diminish the width of the rabbet or groove, and includes a guide for determining the depth of said groove and also certain devices for adjusting the bits, all as will be hereinafter fully set forth, and specifically pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a rabbeting-plane constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a view looking at the lower edge of the plane. Fig. 3 is an end elevation. Fig. 4 is a detail view of one of the sections of the plane removed, including the parts carried thereby. Fig. 5 is a similar view of the other section of the plane. Fig. 6 is a side elevation of part of section 1, showing the gage-plate. Fig. 7 is an end view of gage-plate.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, 1 and 2 designate the two sections of the plane which form the sides thereof and are connected by pins 3, which extend from one section through openings therefor in the other section, the parts being held adjustable with respect to each other by the set-screws 4, carried by the section 2 and engaging the pins which project from the section 1. The pins are each provided with a scale, for a purpose hereinafter set forth.

The inner sides of the sections 1 and 2 of the plane are hollowed out, the section 1 presenting an inclined rib 5, upon which bears a bit 6, having teeth 7, by which it is connected to an elbow-lever 8, pivoted upon a bearing-pin 9, supported at one end by a bracket 10, while its other end is let into the section. The lower or cutting edge of the bit is adapted to be projected below the rib 5, the section having a lateral projection 11, the surface of which is curved, as shown, to guide the shavings out of the plane. The elbow-lever, which is connected to the bit, as hereinbefore described, is operated by a block 12, mounted upon a screw 13, bearing at its lower end in a post 14 and extending through the upper part of the section 1, where it is provided with a knob or milled wheel 15. The connection between the sliding block and lever is by means of a projection 16 on the block engaging the bifurcated end of the lever. The block is prevented from turning upon the screw by bearing against the inner side of the section 1, and it will be observed that when the said screw is turned the bit will be raised or lowered to adjust the same.

The bit is securely clamped in position after being adjusted by means of a clamp consisting of the parts 17 and 18, one of which bears against the upper part of the bit, while the other bears against the lower part thereof, the said clamp being pivoted upon a bearing-screw 19, supported at one end by a bracket 20. The parts or members of the clamp are forced upon the bit by means of a screw 21 engaging a threaded aperture in the projecting end of one part and bearing upon the projecting end of the other part, serving to force the latter directly against the bit, while drawing up upon the other part of the clamp in forcing its opposite end against the bit. It will be understood, of course, that before adjusting the bit the clamp is released, and by the particular construction and arrangement described a minute adjustment can be secured, the upper part of the bit being of a width to fit within the opening thereof and properly dispose the cutting edge with respect to the edge of the plane.

The section 2 of the plane carries mechanism for adjusting the bit which is similar in construction to that hereinbefore described, with the exception that the bit 22 is given further bearing-surfaces to prevent lateral movement, and to this end acasting 23 is secured to the rib 24, forming one of the bearings for said bit, the casting having projecting members supporting the pivot-pins of the mechanism. The bit carried by this section is so located with respect to the bit of the other section as to be located behind the same when the two sections are placed together.

By providing the plane with two sections movable to and from each other and having each section carry a bit the width of a groove to be cut by the plane can be increased or diminished by moving said sections to and from each other, the adjustment being held by thumb-screws, which engage the connecting-pins. In connection with the two bits each section is provided on its outer side with a cutting-blade 25, adjustable by having a slot through which a retaining-screw passes.

Upon one side of the plane is mounted a gage-plate 26, adjustable with respect to the edge of the plane by means of a thumb-screw 27 passing through a slot 28 therein and engaging a threaded aperture in the plane, gage-marks being provided, as shown, to indicate the extent of the adjustment, while the straight-edge of the gage-plate is maintained parallel with the edge of the plane by forming a rib 29 upon the inner side of the plate, which slides within a recess therefor in the plane. This gage-plate is for the purpose of determining the depth of the rabbet or groove.

I also provide the plane with a longitudinal guide-strip 30, connected to stems or pins 31, which slide within openings therefor in the side of the plane, the said guide-strip being held by thumb-screws 32, which engage the stems. When the guide-strip is projected below the bottom of the plane and held by the thumb-screws referred to, said strip may be adjusted inwardly under the body of the stock by screws carried by the strip and engaging threaded apertures in heads 33, formed at the outer ends of the pins, the screws rotatably engaging the strip at their inner ends and bearing at their opposite or outer ends in brackets 34, extending from the strip, the screws being held against longitudinal movement with respect to the strip and its brackets. When the guide-strip is extended below the edge of the plane, it will assist in forming a rabbet by bearing against the edge of the lumber or work. In forming a groove the guide-strip is slipped up out of the way, lying snugly against the longitudinal shoulder formed by the enlarged upper portion of the section 1 of the plane.

From the foregoing description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, it will be apparent that I provide a plane which is susceptible of numerous adjustments to not only vary the width of a rabbet or groove, but also to determine its depth, besides presenting a guide-strip which will be serviceable in preventing the plane cutting in when forming a rabbet.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is —

1. A rabbeting-plane comprising two sections, means for adjusting said sections to and from each other, and bits carried by each section, the bit of one section overlapping and being located in the rear of the bit of the other section, substantially as shown and for the purpose set forth.

2. A plane comprising two sections, pins carried by one section and extending through openings therefor in the other section, screws for holding the adjustment of the movable section, and bits carried by each section, the bit in one section being located in the rear of and overlapping the bit in the other section, substantially as shown and described.

3. A plane for the purpose set forth, comprising two sections adjustable to and from each other, overlapping bits carried by the sections and located one in front of the other, a gage-plate adjustable vertically upon one section, and a guide-strip attached to the other section, substantially as shown and described.

4. A plane comprising two sections adjustable to and from each other, overlapping bits carried by the sections and located one in front of the other, a gage-plate vertically adjustable upon one of the sections, a guide-strip connected to the other section by pins, and set-screws engaging the pins, substantially as shown and described.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN BRANDELL.

Witnesses:
FRED PRENTISS,
CHARLES SLADE.

No. 597,622 – Plane (John N. Schneider) (1898)

[paiddownloads id=”534″]597622

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN N. SCHNEIDER, OF MENDOTA, ILLINOIS.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 597,622, dated January 18, 1898.
Application filed January 14, 1897. Serial No. 619,148. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN N. SCHNEIDER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Mendota, in the county of La Salle and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in hand-planes, and has for its object the production of an improved plane the bit of which will be autornatically retired from its operative position during the back stroke of the plane.

A further object is the production of novel mechanism for the adjustment of the bit which may be regulated while the plane is being moved over the surface to be planed and without removing the hand from the handle.

Subordinate to these general objects a still further object of my invention is to provide certain novel and efficient mechanism for accomplishing the various attachments of the several parts of the device, as will hereinafter be made apparent.

To the accomplishment of the objects stated my invention consists in providing a plane-stock with a pivoted bit-stock and with a handle designed by its rotation to regulate the adjustment of the bit-stock and to automatically throw the bit into its operative or inoperative positions as the pressure exerted upon the handle is directed to propel or retract the plane.

In order that the utility of the invention may be readily understood, it may be remarked that in the usual manipulation of devices of this general character the backward movement or stroke of the plane is accompanied by the abrasion of the bit, which gradually turns the cutting edge and necessitates an additional pressure upon the plane in order to secure a proper bite upon the material to be planed. It is necessary in order to avoid this abrasion and the consequent wear and distortion of the cutting instrument to raise the plane entirely from the surface of the material during its back stroke, which is not only inconvenient, but where a large plane — as, for instance, a jack-plane — is employed it is absolutely impossible, and the consequence is that the plane is dragged back, the grit upon the material serving to grind the rear face of the cutting edge and finally forrning a shoulder thereon, which must be actually forced into the surface of the wood in order to secure a bite sufficient to remove a shaving. It has also been necessary heretofore to discontinue the operation of planing when it has been desired to adjust the bite of the cutting-bit, and, as I have stated, the object of the present invention is to overcome the wear upon the cutting edge and the necessity for discontinuing the rnanipulation of the plane when it is desired to accomplish the adjustment of the bit.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a central vertical section through my device, showing the bit in an operative position. Fig. 2 is a side elevation, partly in section, of a portion of a plane, showing the bit retired or in inoperative position. Fig. 3 is a top plan view with certain of the parts broken away. Fig.
4 is a top plan view of a portion of the bit-stock and the mechanism supported thereby. Fig. 5 is a bottom plan view of the subject matter of Fig. 4, showing the lateral adjustment of the bit in dotted lines and illustrating a modified form of the fulcrum-pin. Fig. 6 is a detail view of a portion of the adjustment-sleeve index and locking-plate and the upper section of a bit-stock-adjusting bolt. Fig. 7 is a plan view of my indicator and locking-plate. Figs. 8 and 9 are detail views of the upper extremity of the bit-adjusting bolt. Fig. 10 is a view of a modified form of the mechanism comprehended by the parts 40 and 42. Fig. 11 is a diagrammatic view illustrative of the edect of the ordinary manipulation of the plane upon the cutting edge of its bit.

Referring to the numerals on the drawings, 1 indicates a plane-stock consisting, as usual, of a sole-plate 2, provided with a transverse bit-aperture 3 and with frame or side pieces 4, preferably of the configuration illustrated.

5 indicates the front guiding knob or handle, secured upon the sole-plate in the usual manner, and 6 indicates a bit-stock consisting of a bed-plate 7, provided with a bit-iron and its retaining and lateral adjusting mechanism and fulcrumed between the side pieces 4 by a fulcrum-pin 3, secured at its opposite ends to the side pieces 4 and located a suitable distance to the rear of the bit-aperture 3 and preferably near the lower extremity of the bed-plate.

9 indicates the handle of my device, consisting, preferably, of the handle-casing 10, having an internal adjustment-sleeve 11. secured thereto, as by a screw 12, and internally screw-threaded in opposite directions adjacent to its opposite extremities for the reception of the separated and oppositely screw-threaded upper and lower sections 13 and 14; of the adjustment-bolt 15, the lower extremity 16 of which is pivoted upon the handle-pintle or fulcrum-pin 17, carried by a pair of upwardly-extending lugs 13, carried by the sole-plate. The lower end of the handle-casing is preferably recessed, as at 19, for the reception of the lugs 13, in order to accommodate longitudinal adjustment of the former. The rear extremity of the bit-stock is preferably bifurcated, and the bifurcated extremities are provided with slots 22, arranged tangentially with respect to an are described by the upper extremity of the adjustment-bolt 15 when the latter is swung upon the fulcrum-pin 17. The upper extremity of said adjustment-bolt is provided with a bearing-thimble 23, disposed at right angles to the bolt and provided with a bore 24: and with a transverse slot 25, designed for the reception of the locking-lever 26, carried by a pin 27, passed through the bore 24 in the thimble 23 and designed to be engaged by the slots 22 in the bifurcated extremities 20 and 21 of the bit-stock bed-plate.

29 indicates what I will term a “locking and indicating plate” secured upon or made integral with the upper extremity of the adjustment-sleeve 11 and provided with a series of radial notches 30, designed to receive the locking end 31 of the locking-lever 26, which latter is spring-actuated, as by a bent spring 32, passing through a spring-aperture 33 in the adjustment-bolt, and bearing at one extremity against the handle 34 of the locking-lever.

It will now be observed that the bit-iron 35, carried by the bit-stock, will be projected through the bit-aperture 3 in the sole-plate or will be retracted to a position above the lower surface of the sole-plate by the oscillation of the bit-stock upon the fulcrum-pin 3, and it is for the purpose of accomplishing this movement of the bit for the purpose of throwing it into the operative position or of retiring it to the inoperative position as the plane is moved forward or rearward that I have employed a pivoted or oscillating handle having loose connection with the upper extremity of the bit-stock.

When the plane is propelled, as in use, pressure is exerted upon the handle 9 in the direction of the movement of the plane, causing the extremities of the pin 27, carried at the end of the adjustment-bolt 15, to move to the bottom of the slots 22, swinging the bit-stock upon its pivot and throwing the cutting edge of the bit 35 into its operative position below the sole-plate 2. The shaving is now removed from the surface of material to be planed and extends through the aperture 3 in the usual manner. The end of the stroke having been reached, pressure is now exerted by the operator upon the handle 9 in the opposite direction, causing it to be oscillated rearwardly or in the direction of the retraction of the plane, and the pin 27 will seek the opposite ends of the slots 22, which by reason of the relation of said slots and the direction of movement of the pin will cause the bit-stock to be again oscillated upon its fulcrum-pin 8, raising the cutting edge of the bit 35 to the inoperative position, as indicated in Fig. 2 of the drawings. The shaving which would otherwise accumulate in the aperture 3 is by this operation ejected from immediate proximity to the aperture by the movement of the bit.

Supposing now it is desired to adjust the bite of the plane iron or bit, by which I mean the distance it will project below the sole-plate in the operative position, the thumb of the operator is placed upon the handle 34: of the locking-lever, depressing it and causing the locking end 31 of the lever to be disengaged from the locking-plate 29. The handle 9 is now rotated in one direction or the other, as it is desired, to lengthen or contract the adjusting-bolt 15, it being observed that by reason of the oppositely screw-threaded connections of the sections of the adjustment-bolt and adjustment-sleeve the bolt-sections will be drawn together or separated by the rotation of the handle and thus caused to adjust the angle of inclination of the bit-stock, which, as will be apparent, will regulate the bite of the plane-bit. As soon as the desired adjustment has been accomplished the handle 34 of the locking-lever is released and the spring 32 will elevate the handle and will bring the locking end of the lever into engagement with the adjacent notch in the locking-plate 29. By this means the adjustment of the bit-stock and its iron is fixed.

It is obvious that the adjustment just described can be effected without interrupting the operation of planing and without in any manner affecting the operation of the device for the purpose of throwing the bit into or out of its operative position. For the purpose of determining the extent of the adjustment I prefer to number the notches upon the looking and indicator plate 29, as indicated in Fig. 7 of the drawings, it being apparent that the degree of rotation of the handle, as indicated by the progression of the notches, will determine the extent of the adjustment effected through the mechanism described, and which I will term “bit-adjusting” mechanism. When it is desired to throw the locking-lever out of operation — as, for instance, when nicety of adjustment is not required — the spring 32 may be passed through the aperture 33 to the position indicated in dotted lines of Fig. 1 of the drawings, in which position it will hold the locking end of the locking-lever out of operation, and the handle may then be turned in either direction at will.

Having now described the bit-actuating mechanism and the bit-adjusting mechanism, I shall now proceed to a description of the novel mechanism by means of which the bit or iron is adjustably secured upon the bed-plate of the bit-stock.

36 indicates a bit-supporting plate pivotally secured to the face of a depressed portion of the bit-stock by means of a bit fulcrum-bolt 37, screwed into the bed-plate 7 at a point adjacent to the fulcrum-pin 8 and provided with a conoidal portion 38, designed to be received by a correlatively-shaped aperture 39 in a bit-supporting plate 36.

40 indicates the bit-adjustment bolt, secured at one extremity to the plate 36 near its end and projecting through a curved aperture 41, designed to accommodate its movement in the bed-plate 7, incurred in a degree corresponding to the arc of movement of the adjustment-bolt.

42 indicates a thumb-nut screwed upon the extremity of the bolt 40 and designed by its abutment against the lower surface of the bed-plate to secure the bolt in its adjusted positions in the manner hereinafter made apparent. The iron or bit 35 is now placed upon the surface of the stock and the plate 36 and is secured to the superimposed cap-iron 43 by the screw-bolt 44, the head of which its closely within an aperture in the plate 36 to prevent lateral movement of the bit and cap iron upon said plate, an elongated recess being provided in the surface of the stock to permit the movement of the head ot the bolt 44, when the plate 36 is swung upon the pivot for the purpose of alining the cutting edge of the bit with the surface of the sole-plate 2. The bit-iron is provided with an elongated slot 45, designed to accommodate the bolt 37 when the bit is moved longitudinally, and the cap-iron 43 is provided with an aperture 46, through which said bolt is passed, as illustrated.

47 indicates a compression-lever provided with a pointed extremity 49, designed to bear against the spring end 50 of the cap-iron, which bears against the bit adjacent to its cutting edge. The compression-lever is preferably provided with an aperture 51, correlative in size and shape with the hexagonal head of the bolt 37 and designed to permit the same to be passed therethrough, and with a preferably small recess 52, extending from the aperture 51, into which recess the bolt proper is slipped, as indicated in Figs. 1 and 4 of the drawings.

53 indicates a compression-bolt screwed to the rear end of the compression-lever and designed to abut against the cap-iron. It will thus be seen that the bit is clamped firmly against a suitable bit-supporting plate 36 and may be swung upon the bolt 37, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 5, for the purpose of alining the cutting edge of the bit with the surface of the sole-plate 2.

Summarizing briefly, I have by the construction and arrangement described and illustrated produced a plane provided with means for the lateral and longitudinal adjustment of the bit upon the bit-stock, mechanism for adjusting the bit-stock through the movement of the handle, and mechanism for actuating the bit-stock to throw the bit into or out of operative position automatically as the plane is propelled or retracted, as in use.

I do not desire to limit myself to the details of construction herein shown and described, but reserve to myself the right to change, modify, or vary such details within the scope of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. The combination with a plane-stock, bit and oscillatory bit-stock, of a rotary and oscillatory handle operatively connected with the bit-stock, means whereby its oscillation will actuate the bit-stock, and whereby its rotation will adjust its connection therewith, substantially as specified.

2. The combination with a plane-stock, bit and oscillatory bit-stock, of a rotatable plane-handle operatively connected with the bit-stock and means for causing its rotation to adjust its connection with said bit-stock, substantially as specified.

3. The combination with a plane-stock, bit and oscillatory bit-stock, of an oscillatory handle and a slot-and-pin connection between the upper extremity of the handle and bit-stock, substantially as specified.

4. The combination with a plane-stock, bit and oscillatory bit-stock, of an oscillatory handle, bit-adjusting mechanism actuated by the movement of the handle and means carried by the handle for locking said bit-adjusting mechanism, substantially as specified.

5. The combination with a plane, a bit and oscillatory bit-stock, of a rotary handle operatively connected with the bit-stock and designed by its rotation to adjust the same, of an index and locking plate operatively connected with the handle, and a locking-lever operatively connected with said plate, substantially as specified.

6. The combination with a plane-stock, of an oscillatory bit-stock, an oscillatory handle, bit-stock-adjusting mechanism intermediate the handle and bit-stock, a bit adjustable upon the bit-stock, and locking mechanism intermediate of the handle and bit-stock, substantially as specified.

7. The combination with a plane-stock, bit and oscillatory bit-stock, of an oscillatory handle and a sectional adjustment-bolt operatively connected with the handle and with the bit-stock, substantially as specified.

8. The combination with a plane-stock, bit and oscillatory bit-stock, of a sectional adjustment-bolt pivoted upon the plane-stock and operatively connected with the bit-stock, a handle operatively connected with the adjustment-bolt and cooperating locking mechanism carried by the bolt and handle, substantially as specified.

9. The combination with a plane-stock, bit and oscillatory bit-stock, of a sectional oscillatory adjustment-bolt connected with the bit-stock by a slot-and-pin connection, a handle operatively connected with a sectional adjustment-bolt, an indicator and locking-plate carried by the handle and a locking-lever carried by the bolt, substantially as specified.

10. The combination with a plane-stock, bit and oscillatory bit-stock, of a sectional adjustment-bolt operatively connected with the bit-stock, a handle operatively connected with the bolt, a notched indicator and locking-plate carried by the handle, a locking-lever carried by the bolt and a spring designed to be adjusted for the purpose of causing it to actuate the locking-lever or to prevent such actuation, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN N. SCHNEIDER.

Witnesses:
JOHN W. KNAUER,
EMIL J. HESS.