Tag: Amos Fales

No. 348,198 – Variable Bench-Plane (Amos Fales) (1886)

[paiddownloads id=”413″]348198

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

AMOS FALES, OF ROCKFALL, CONNECTICUT.

VARIABLE BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 348,198, dated August 31, 1886.
Application filed July 29, 1885. Serial No. 172,960. (Model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, AMOS FALES, residing in Rockfall, in the county of Middlesex and State of Connecticut, have invented Improvements in Variable Bench-Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification.

Figure 1 is a view in perspective of the main stock of the instrument as provided with my improved means of applying the fillister and grooving attachments with reversible and adjustable fence; Fig. 2, a front end view of the same; Fig. 3, a side view of one of the attaching-brackets; Fig. 4, a top view of the same; Fig. 5, a front end view of the instrument having its fence reversed for making a front fillister; Fig. 6, a front view of a set of dado-spurs of different sizes; Fig. 7, a side view of one of the spurs; Fig. 8, a side view of the main stock, with a pair of form-plates attached thereto, showing the manner in which the dado-spurs are applied; Fig. 9, a bottom view of the same; Fig. 10, a front view of a spur having only one cutting-point; Fig. 11, a side view of the main stock provided with thin removable extension-flanges for cutting extremely-narrow grooves; Fig. 12, a bottom view of the same; Fig. 13, a front end view of the same; Fig. 14, a side view of the front form-plate constructed to be adjustable lengthwise; Fig. 15, aside view of a special form of cutter used; Fig. 16, an end view of the same; Fig. 17, a top view of a cutter provided with a cap-iron attached thereto; Fig. 18, a side edge view of the same; Fig. 19, a bottom view of the same; Fig. 20, a front view of forward form-plate having a dado-spur.

Like letters designate corresponding parts in all of the figures.

The general construction of the bench-plane on which the present improvements are based is shown and described in the previous patents granted to me March 7, 1882, and April 1, 1884, and numbered, respectively, 254,542 and 295,916. Especially I will refer to one or the other of those patents for the construction of the main stock A, with its flange a, for attaching other parts of the instrument thereto, and means for securing the cutters B therein, the front and back form-plates, C D, and the reversible fence E.

Referring to those former patents, it will be noted that the front and back form-plates are attached to the downwardly-projecting stock-flange a, each by means of a single set-screw, b, fitting in a vertical notch or slot, c, of the form-plate flange d.

The first improvement herein to be described consists in the means whereby grooving and filiister attachments are applied, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. Two brackets, G G, are employed, constructed substantially as shown — that is, each with a vertical flange, e, having a vertical notch or slot, f, whereby it is attached to the flange a of the stock by one of the set-screws b b, used for attaching the form-plates, which are dispensed with for the special purposes of this device, and each having a horizontal flange, g, with a notch or slot, h, at right angles to the stock-flange, for attaching the reversible fence E by screws i i. The upper edges or terminations, e e e, of each bracket are in one horizontal line, in order to fit against the overhanging ledge k of the stock and serve as a guide or gage for placing the bracket in a correct position without care. Thus this entire appendage is attached to the main stock by the same means as the form-plates used for other kinds of work. Fig. 2 shows how the fence thus attached by these brackets is used for grooving.

Fig. 5 shows the fence reversed and provided with an overhanging ledge, l, for forming a front fillister. Here the ledge, being in line with the lower edge of the stock-flange a, serves for form-plates, which, for this purpose, therefore, are dispensed with. The ledge l is cut away in the middle, so not as to be in the way of the cutter, and not to interfere with the discharge of the shavings. The fence being adjustable laterally allows the grooves to be cut at any desired distance from the front edge of the material, and by employing two stocks — one arranged for grooving and the other for tonguing — no changing from one to the other kind of work is necessary for tonguing and grooving. The vertical flange of each bracket is of such height that when placed in contact with the overhanging ledge k of the main stock the grooves will be cut to the regular or greatest depth required, the distance from the lower surface of the bracket to the lower edge of the stock-flange determining the depth of cut, since the brackets serve as gages to limit the depth of cut. When a shallower cut is desired, the brackets may be adjusted farther down on the stock-flange, both brackets alike, thus obviously effecting the purpose.

Fig. 6 of the drawings shows a front view of a set of dado-spurs of different widths, and Fig. 7 a side view of either one of the spurs. Each spur H is a double spur, having two cutting-points, m m, cutting at both edges of the work cut by the cutter used, whether for dado, fillister, bead, or other form of cutting. Between the cutting-points m m is a space, n, of sufficient depth to admit the form cut, of whatever shape. Each spur has a vertical (preferably round) stem, o, which is inserted in a vertical hole in the plane-stock. Each spur, in combination with a cutter and main-stock flange, is a complete dado. The stem o of each spur is always at the same distance from one extremity and spur, whatever the distance of the other spur from the first spur, so that the various widths of spurs always bear the same relative and proper position on the stock, and all the spurs are attached by the same means.

The means of attaching each spur is shown in Figs. 8 and 9. The round stem o of the spur is inserted in a vertical hole through the main stock; A and its flange a, and the body p of the spur has parallel faces or front and back sides, which fit against the sides of a notch, q, in one of the form-plates, which lap over the lower edge of the stock-flange, so that the spur is readily adjusted up and down, and yet is held iirmly and accurately in position without turning out of line. The spur is retained in place by a set-screw, r, screwed into the side of the stock. The same general construction and means of attaching the spur apply when it only has one cutting-point, as shown in Fig. 10, and at the right hand in Fig. 6. The spurs are located in advance of the side and center cutters, as shown in Figs. 8 and 9, the front form-plate, C, being notched to receive the spur used a little in advance of the position of the cutter in the main stock, substantially as shown. By this construction cross-grained and curly wood is smoothly cut, the spur-point leading the cutter-edges of the cutter.

Another improvement in my present invention consists in the means by which extremely narrow grooves may be cut with the instrument. Since the main-stock flange is required to be three-sixteenths of an inch thick, or thereabout, in order to give it suflicient strength with this alone, no groove less than three-sixteenths of an inch wide can be cut therewith. For the purpose of cutting narrower grooves, which are often required or very desirable, I employ extension-flanges I J, front and back, as shown in Figs. 11, 12, and 13. These flanges are made of steel and as thin as required. They extend below the main-stock flange a sufficiently to cut the requisite depth below the same, as shown in Fig. 13. Each extension-flange is secured to the front side of the main-stock flange and reaches up to the overhanging ledge k of the main stock, and is attached to the flange by a single set-screw, b, the same as for attaching the form-plates when used. Thus no change in or addition to the usual construction of the plane is required, except as to the extension-flanges themselves, which are cheaply made. A correspondiugly-narrow dado-spur, H, is combined with the front extension-flange, as shown in Figs. 11 and 12. This spur is held in a shallow vertical groove in the front side of the flange, and held there by a set-screw, s. The spur is slotted vertically where held by the screw for the purpose of adjustment. A similar way of attaching a spur to the front form-plate is shown in Fig. 20, the spur being reversible and cutting-edges different. By the above construction a groove not exceeding one-sixteenth of an inch in width may be readily cut, and a double-point spur used to make smooth sides, and a series of narrow grooves from that width up to three-sixteenths is easily made by using spurs and cutters of the various widths required. These extension-flanges can be used with the grooving and fillister attachments above described, or with the auxiliary stocks described in my former patents above mentioned.

Another point of improvement consists in the adjustable mouth for the cutter, so that a wide mouth may be had, when required, or a narrow mouth for cutting the finest shaving without any liability of the front form-plate coming in contact with the edge of the cutter. The mouth is made adjustable simply by means of the front form-plate, C, being made with its attaching notch or slot widened where the attaching-screw passes through it, as shown at t in Figs. 8 and 14. This widening is but little, since the entire adjustment required is quite limited in extent. The head of the attaching-screw will cover the sides of the notch or slot in any position of its adjustment. There is a V-shaped groove, u, or of a form conforming to the shape of the cutter itself, in the front side of the cutter, as shown, forming thereby overhanging cutting-edges v v on both sides of the groove. By this construction the edges overcut, instead of undercutting in the wood, as does the ordinary cutter, so that there is no tendency to raise or tear up the fibers of the wood. With this improved construction of the cutter cross-grained wood may be grooved, and any wood grooved across the grain as smoothly as when the cutter cuts with the grain of the wood. The construction of this cutter will be made the subject-matter of a design patent, it being represented in this application in order to show its mode of application. The cap-iron K is shown as short, only covering a little of the lower end of the cutter B, so that the main part of the cutter is not incumbered therewith, and its body fits in the stock with the cap-iron, the same as if the cap-iron were not there, one form of stock, therefore, serving for such cutters as well as for all other forms of cutters used. The cap-iron is attached by a set-screw, w, passing through a slot, x, in the cutter, as shown in Fig. 19. Thereby the cap-iron is made adjustable to the edge of the cutter. This cap-iron may be applied to dado, flllister, hollow, and round cutters.

I disclaim in this invention form plates or extensions attached to the main flange, such as set forth in Letters Patent No. 295,916, granted to me April 1, 1884, wherein such extensions project at right angles to the main-stock flange, and do not and cannot extend below the said stock-flange.

I claim as my invention —

1. The combination of the stock A, the fence E, and the brackets G G, the said brackets being provided with vertical and vertically-slotted flanges e e, whereby they are adjustably attached to the stock, and with horizontal flanges g g, having slots at right angles to the stock, whereby the fence is attached in position adjustable toward and from the stock, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

2. In combination with the stock A and its main attaching-flange a, the vertical plane extension-flanges I J, attached to the side of the main flange, and extending directly downward therefrom and below the same, whereby very narrow grooves may be cut in the material, less in width than the thickness of the said main flange, substantially as herein set forth.

3. The combination of the stock A, having a main attaching-flange, a, a front vertical plane extension-flange, I, removably attached to the said main flange, extending directly downward from and below the lower edge of the said main flange, and provided with a double spur, H, and the rear vertical plane extension-flange, J, removably attached to the main flange and extending directly downward from and below the lower edge thereof, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

4. The combination of the stock A, having a flange, a, and front form-plate, G, having an attaching-slot, c, widened from front to back, whereby the said form-plate may be adjusted forward or backward by the attaching-screw b, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

AMOS FALES.

Witnesses:
LYMAN A. MILLS,
ERNEST F. COLES.

No. 295,916 – Variable Bench-Plane (Amos Fales) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”361″]295916

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

AMOS FALES, OF DENVER, COLORADO.

VARIABLE BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 295,916, dated April 1, 1884.
Application filed March 31, 1883. (Model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, AMOS FALES, of Denver, in the county of Arapahoe and State of Colorado, have invented certain Improvements in Variable Bench-Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification.

These improvements are upon variable bench-planes constructed upon the general plan set forth in Letters Patent granted to me March 7, 1882, No. 254,542, and are mainly additional thereto, although I have in one or two respects changed and improved the construction therein shown and described. Except as to these changes, as hereinafter specified, I use the invention substantially as described in the said Letters Patent; but it is to be understood that the improvements herein described and claimed may be applicable to other constructions of bench-planes besides those therein set forth; and my invention is intended to embrace all applications to which the several features, any or all, may be adapted.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a front side view of the main stock of the bench-plane and parts belonging thereto, constructed with my present improvements, Fig. 2, a front side view of the auxiliary stock and attached parts constructed with my present improvements 5 Fig. 3, a back side view of the said auxiliary stock; Fig. 4, a top view of the two stocks connected together for use; Fig. 5, a front view of the stocks arranged as in Fig. 4; Fig. 6, a front view of the two stocks arranged for tonguing; Fig. 7, a front view of the stocks arranged for grooving; Fig. 8, a similar view of the stocks arranged to constitute a front fillister; Fig. 9, a similar view of the stocks arranged for a back fillister; Figs. 10, 11, and 12, views showing the construction of the auxiliary stock adapted to other kinds of work.

Like letters designate corresponding parts in all the figures.

First, in the construction of the main stock A, I employ an improved handle, as represented in Figs. 1 and 4. The handle proper, B, is turned in simple cylindrical form, with one side slightly flattened to rest upon a straight plane-surfaced flange, a, cast upon the stock. Screws b b attach the handle to the flange, which is suitably inclined to give the handle the proper position for grasping. Not only is this construction of the handle very simple and cheap, but it is very easy for the hand and convenient for use in connection with other parts of the instrument, not interfering with the adjustment of the cutters; also, the molds or form-plates C D, instead of having shoulders to fit under the lower edge of the stock-flange c, for holding them in proper position, I now form their vertical attaching-flanges d d each with upward extensions e e, to bear against the shoulder formed by the projecting lower edge of the body f of the stock. This construction of the form-plates leaves the lower edge of the stock-flange c free and unobstructed and enables me to permanently attach thereto one dado-spur, g, as shown in Figs. 4 to 9 of the drawings, and saves the expense of two spurs on each dado. and it is always in position for use.

Another change in the construction of the main stock consists in terminating the lower part of the cutter-bracket E at the line of the shoulder or lower edge of the body f of the stock, thereby leaving the stock without side projections beyond the stock-flange below the said line, so that very narrow grooves may be out to the full depth of the said flange.

Second, in the construction of the auxiliary stock G, I form the stock and cutter-holder in one instead of two parts or sections, thus simplifying and cheapening the construction and rendering the use ofthe stock more convenient, and enabling me to apply any other attachment which may be desired. The stock thus approximates in construction and use to the main stock.

Further, for many purposes the fiange h of the auxiliary stock extends lower than or entirely below the corresponding flange, c, of the main stock, as shown in Fig. 5 and following figures of the drawings. This enables me to use, if desired, a cutter in the main stock, which may extend laterally over the auxiliary stock, as shown, for instance, in Fig. 5. Besides, it enables me to employ, in connection with the auxiliary stock, a “fence” or gage and guide-strip, H, for uses such as illustrated in Figs. 7, 8, and 9, and hereinafter set forth. This fence is preferably made of wood, and is consequently cheap and light. It is made of the form shown or any other most convenient. It is attached to the flange h of the auxiliary stock below the body thereof, which forms a guide-shoulder, by two screws, i i passing through notches j j of the stock-flange, so that it is easily attached and detached. Its surface, which faces the main stock, is plane and parallel therewith. By adjusting the auxiliary stock to the required distance from the main stock on the connecting-bars I J this fence may be brought to bear against and run along one side of the stuff to be worked, and serve as a guide for the instrument and gage for the work.

In Figs. 4 and 5 and the following figures of the drawings I illustrate the operation of the instrument provided with the above-de-
scribed improvements.

In Figs. 4 and 5 is shown an arrangement for a front fillister, with a wide cutter, k, in the main stock overlapping the auxiliary stock, which in this case needs no cutter, but is low enough in the middle to allow the lapping over of the main-stock cutter. The flange h furnishes the side gage, and the vertical gage-stop L is mounted on the connecting-bar I, back of the main stock, to gage the depth of the cut in the board or stuff x, indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 5.

In Fig. 6 is shown an arrangement for tonguing. Here also the flange h of the auxiliary stock serves as the side gage, and the vertical gage-stop is mounted between the two stocks. The cutter k of the main stock cuts behind the tongue of the board x, and a cutter, M, in the auxiliary stock cuts in front of the tongue.

In Fig. 7 I show an arrangement for grooving. In this arrangement a fence, H, is used on the auxiliary stock for the side gage, and the vertical gage-stop I is arranged back of the main stock, the cutter k of the main stock cutting the grooves in the board or plank x, in connection with the fixed dado-spur g on the main-stock flange.

In Fig. 8 is shown an arrangement for a front fillister, with the use of a fence, H, on the auxiliary stock. By this arrangement as narrow a rabbet or shoulder may be cut in the stuff as ever will be required.

In Fig. 9 is shown an arrangernent for a back fillister, a fence, H, on the auxiliary stock furnishing the side gage, and the vertical gage-stop L being mounted between the two stocks.

Figs. 10, 11, and 12 show a construction of the auxiliary stock adapted to kinds of work in which it is not convenient for the flange h to project lower than the main stock — as, for instance, in making window-sashes. Here the stock-flange h projects horizontally, and the fence H is attached below it, the attaching-screws i i going down through notches j j, which allow a lateral adjustment of the fence.

As seen in Fig. 12, the screws i i enter the fence nearer one edge than the other. When the fence is attached, as shown, the fence is back of the front side of the stock, allowing the cutter M of the stock to cut over the sash x or other article. By reversing the position of the fence, however, the edge of the same projects in front of the stock, as required for some kinds of work. There is a notch or depression, l, Figs. 10 and 11, in the middle of the auxiliary stock, to allow the center of the main stock to reach over the auxiliary stock, when desired. The auxiliary stock is depressed under this notch, the fence being cut away to allow the two to come together.

I claim as my invention —

1. In a bench-plane, a handle, B, made of cylindrical form, flattened on one side, in combination with an inclined plane-faced flange, a, on the plane-stock. substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

2. The combination of the main stock A, having the lower edge of its body f and cutter-bracket E in one straight line, and its flange c provided with a dado-spur, g, and the form-plates C D, having vertical attaching-flanges d d bearing against the straight lower edge of the said stock-body and bracket, and adapted to have their lower surfaces flush with the lower edge of the said stock-flange, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

3. The reversible fence H, in combination with the stock G, the points of attachment being to one side of the middle longitudinal line of the fence, whereby two positions are given thereto fulfilling two purposes, substantially as herein specified.

4. The combination of the main stock A, having a downwardly-extended flange, c, on its lower edge, and a cutter extending laterally beyond the stock, and the auxiliary stock G, cut away at the top to allow the main-stock cutter to project over it, and having a flange, h, bent laterally, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name in presence of two witnesses.

AMOS FALES.

Witnesses:
J. DEWEESE,
H. T. CASTLE.

No. 254,542 – Variable Bench-Plane (Amos Fales) (1882)

[paiddownloads id=”318″]254542

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

AMOS FALES, OF DENVER, COLORADO.

VARIABLE BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 254,542, dated March 7, 1882.
Application filed December 12, 1881. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, AMOS FALES, of Denver, in the county of Arapahoe and State of Colorado, have invented an Improved Kit-Plane, or combination instrument for planing, tonguing and grooving, rabbeting, plowing, and forming beads and moldings of various forms and styles; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification —

Figure 1 being a view of the near or working side of the kit-plane; Fig. 2, a view of the opposite side of the same; Fig. 3, a top view thereof; Fig. 4, a cross-section thereof in a plane indicated by the line x x, Fig. 1; Fig. 5, a cross-section in a plane indicated by the line y y, Fig. 1; Figs. 6, 7, 8, and 9, cross-sections of the stock, showing in place different forms of face-plates or molds attached to the stock; Fig. 10, a view of one of the bits or cutters used with the molds, representing two forms; Fig. 11, a view in perspective, showing an auxiliary stock or attachment, connected with the main stock by gage-bars, for various purposes; Figs. 12 and 13, respectively, opposite side views of the attachment or auxiliary stock; Figs. 14: and 15, partial sections, showing parts in detail.

Like letters designate corresponding parts in all of the figures.

My invention consists in a kit plane of simple but peculiar construction, by which are combined a stock adapted to receive any required kind of bit or cutter for producing various shapes of moldings and other outlines in wood-work, and attachable and detachable forms or molds of various shapes, to correspond with those of the cutters, for performing a great variety of work which ordinarily require many different planes or instruments.

The plane-stock A is of very simple and light construction. It may be made of metal — say of cast-iron — finished suitably, and accurate in shape, and it may have a wooden handle, B, attached to the stock by screws a a. This of course is at the rear end of the stock, and it has or may preferably have a wooden knob, C, near the front end, on top, for holding and guiding the instrument with the left hand.

On the working side of the stock, near the middle thereof, an oblique projecting ledge or bracket, D, is cast on or attached to the stock, on which ledge the various cutters used with the instrument rest when employed. Each cutter E is supported by this ledge, guided only at one edge, next to the stock, the opposite edge being free, so that various widths of cutters may be used with the stock.

Instead of a wedge working downward to fasten each cutter in the stock, I employ a wedge, G, working horizontally and entering a deep wedge-shaped notch or recess, b, in the stock, which is enlarged on the opposite side, as shown in Fig. 3, to compensate for the weakening produced by the said notch, and thereby to give uniform strength throughout the length of the stock. A horizontal screw-bolt, c, passes through the wedge G, or is otherwise made fast to it, and thence extends through and projects a little beyond the stock, on the opposite side thereof. On this screw-threaded end of the bolt a hand-nut, d, screws against the side of the stock, and thereby draws the wedge into its notch or socket, and tightens and holds the cutter fast on its ledge. Thus not only is each cutter always securely held and easily adjusted, but great facility is afforded for changing cutters.

The upper part, e, of the stock is made thick enough to give necessary strength and to suitably attach other parts directly connected therewith. The lower part, f is a thin blade or flange to which to attach the planing-molds, now to be described.

In connection with the various forms of cutters to be used in the stock, two face-plates or molds, H I, are used, one situated forward of and the other back of the cutter, substantially as shown in Fig. 1. Each pair of molds for each different form of cutter is of like form in cross-section to fit the form produced by the cutter between them and guide the plane and hold it in the proper course. Each one has a vertical flange, g, fitting against one side of the flange f of the plane-stock, and by this flange it is united to the stock with a screw, h, passing through both flanges, and a hand-nut, i, turning thereon, one screw and nut serving for each mold. For convenience in attaching and detaching the molds, the opening in the flange g to receive the screw is a notch, as shown in Fig. 1, so that the attachment and detachment can be effected without removing the nut simply by loosening and then retightening the same. To hold the molds thus attached in accurate position, there is a shoulder, j, from each under the lower edge of the stock-flange f as shown in the several cross-sections. The body or form it of each mold projects laterally from the flange in a general horizontal direction, but varied according to its form, as seen also in the several cross-sections showing different forms of molds.

Several of the more common forms of molds which may be used with this kit- plane are shown in the drawings. Thus Fig. 4 has the dado form or mold; Fig. 5, a fillister form, with adjustable gage l thereon; Fig. 6, a hollow form, for producing a convex molding; Fig. 7, a round or convex form, for producing a concave molding; Fig. 8, a bead-mold, and Fig. 9 a “snipe’s-bill” mold. All these and other molds to be used have corresponding forms of cutters at the cutting-edge thereof. Thus Fig. 10 shows a cutter having a form or cutting-edge at each end, that at one end corresponding and used with the hollow mold shown in Fig. 6, while that at the other end has a form corresponding and used with the convex mold shown in Fig. 7.

Ordinarily thus two forms of cutter may be united in one, if economy of expense and room occupied by the whole instrument is desired. These molds or face-plates may be made thin and light, since very little strain comes upon them, and they are very well and securely held on the stock. They are so simple in construction and easy of application that when any one wants any particular style of molding, bead, or other work for which he has no mold or cutter he can easily shape molds — say out of wood — a little thicker than the metallic forms, as shown, and make a cutter to correspond. In this manner, at little expense, one can supply himself with almost anything of the kind which he may desire.

Some of the cutters and molds used with this instrument require a gage-stop to limit the depth to which they shall go. Thus for the dado and fillister shown in Figs. 4 and 5 such a stop needs to be used, and I have shown in Fig. 5, as well as in Fig. 1, my construction and arrangement for this purpose. I employ a transverse bar, J, which extends through a mortise or notch, m, in the stock, and this, for convenience, is held in position by the knob C, which, screwing down on the stock, serves as a nut to hold the bar, which can thereby be adjusted longitudinally to any desired position. This bar carries the gage-stop K, the stem n of which passes up through a hole in the bar, and is held at any height to which it may be adjusted by a set-screw, o.

For some special purposes, where two cutters are required running parallel with each other, I employ a light auxiliary stock, L, as shown in Figs. 11, 12, and 13, the former figure showing the stock and the means of connecting it with the main stock, and the latter two figures showing opposite side views of the cutter-holder separate. This stock is of similar construction to the main stock, but it is not so heavy, and does not require a handle nor a holding-knob. It has a similar construction for holding and securing its cutters and similar molds, corresponding in form with the respective cutters; but the cutters and molds are placed on the other side of the stock, as compared with the main stock, so that the two stocks and their adjuncts are right and left to one another, the cutters and molds of both being inward and facing one another, as shown.

The two stocks are connected together by two bars, J M, the former fitting the mortise m in the main stock and taking the place of the gage-bar J, above described, being held in the main stock by the knob C; but it may be required to be longer than the said gage-bar for its purposes. It extends through a corresponding mortise or aperture in the auxiliary stock, and is held fast therein by a set-screw, p. The other bar, M, parallel with the former bar, passes through holes or mortises in the two stocks, and is held therein by set-screws q, that in the main stock not being represented in the drawings. The bar M may be round. By this construction the auxiliary stock may be adjusted to any desired distance from the main stock.

On the bar J a gage-stop, K, is used, similar to that on the bar J; but it is represented in Fig. 11 as constructed to slide on the bar. Its construction is shown in Fig. 14. It is secured in any position by a set-screw, o.

With a proper cutter in the holder O, together with a suitable cutter in the main stock, the two sides of a tongue for tonguing and grooving are formed. By adjusting the auxiliary stock farther from or nearer to the main stock a thicker or thinner tongue is made.

By making the cutter-holder O detachable from the auxiliary stock and attaching a dado or fillister form, P, (shown separate in Fig. 15,) to the back part of the auxiliary stock, a back fillister is produced to go with the main instrument. The cutter-holder O and fillister form P are attached to the auxiliary stock by bolts and thumb-screws s s, Fig. 11.

The above are instances which indicate also other and varied uses of which the entire instrument is capable.

This whole instrument, with all the parts herein described, by taking apart, can be packed in a box less than a foot in length, six inches in breadth, and four inches in depth, interior dimensions, and thus a complete set of such instruments becomes very portable and compact and of comparatively small cost. Instruments of the ordinary construction having all the various capabilities and uses herein specified, if made separately, would occupy many times as much space and be many times more expensive.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. A kit-plane constructed with a stock, A, as described, changeable cutter E, and separate changeable front and back form-plates, H I, the said form-plates being independently attached to the stock, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

2. The stock A, constructed with a ledge or bracket, D, projecting from one side thereof, and of sufficient width to support all the different widths of cutters used, with the laterally-acting wedge G to clamp the cutters on the ledge, and with the vertical flange f, to one side of which the front and back form-plates are attached, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

3. The separate form-plates or molds H I, each constructed with the horizontally-extended body or form k, the vertical flange g, for attaching to the stock-flange f and the ledge or shoulder j, for holding them accurately in line under the flange f, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

4. The combination, with the stock A, of the cross-bar J and gage-stop K, the former being horizontally adjustable in the stock and the latter mounted and vertically adjustable in the cross-bar, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

5. The auxiliary stock L and its removable cutter-holder O and mold-forms P, in combination with the main instrument, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

The foregoing specification signed by me this 22d day of August, 1881.

AMOS FALES.

Witnesses:
A. C. LEWIS,
J. P. LESHEN.