Tag: Blade Setting

No. 316,296 – Plane (Louis C. Rodier) (1885)

[paiddownloads id=”391″]316296

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

LOUIS C. RODIER, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 316,296, dated April 21, 1885.
Application filed November 8, 1884. (Model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LOUIS C. RODIER, of Detroit, county of Wayne, State of Michigan, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Planes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use it, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to bench-planes, and more particularly to metallic bench-planes, and has for its object, first, the combination, with a stock, of an improved knife holder or carriage provided with devices for operating the same and adjusting the knife to secure the desired depth of cut; second, the combination, with a stock, of a novel attachment for holding a toothing iron or scraper; third, to combine in a bench-plane the said knife-holder and said attachment for toothing irons and scrapers, said attachment being removable, so that the knife or bit may be removed and the toothing or scraper attachment be engaged with the stock,or said attachment be removed and the knife inserted, the plane being thus readily convertible for various uses; and, fourth, it consists in the general construction and arrangement of the novel devices, hereinafter described, and more particularly pointed out in the claims.

I carry out my invention as follows:

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a jack-plane, showing the knife-holder in position with the knife or bit in place. Fig. 2 is a similar section showing the toothing or scraper attachment in position. Fig. 3 is a modihcation adapting features of the device more particularly for a smoothing-plane or block-plane. Fig. 4. is a separate view of the toothing iron and scraper attachment. Fig. 5 is a cross-section along the line at x y, Fig. 6. Fig. 6 is a view showing the knife-carriage and its operating devices. Fig. 7 is a side elevation.

A represents the stock provided with a throat, a.

B is the knife-rest, which may be constructed of any suitable form or pattern, and adapted to hold the knife on a proper incline. It may be provided with ears b extending upward at the side of the knife, or these ears may be dispensed with, as shown in Fig. 3. This knife-rest is provided with a rearwardly-extending arm, b’, provided with a screw-orifice, b2, (shown in Fig. 1,) or otherwise adapted to receive the head of a screw, and to receive its force, as shown in Fig. 3. I also prefer to construct the knife-rest, when applied to jack-planes, with an extended knife-brace, b8. This knife-rest may be secured within the walls of the stock and suitably adjacent to the throat in any suitable manner, as sh own in Fig. 5. The knife-rest is screw-tapped to receive the screws b3 and b4 These screws are preferably constructed with rounded ends to engage in corresponding sockets, a’ and a2, in the base of the stock, the construction being such that the knife-rest may have a movable or slightly-vibratory movement, so that either side of said knife-rest may be elevated or depressed to more effectually adjust the knife to cut evenly across its entire edge.

C is a spring engaged with the knife-rest at one end, as shown at c, and under the arm b’
and upon a raised bed, A’, upon the base of the stock.

D is a bridging constructed preferably integral with the stock, under which the spring is extended, said bridging also preferably provided with a screw, d, adapted to bear upon the spring to give it greater tension upon the knife-rest. I do not limit myself to any special construction of this bridging.

The bed A’ is screw-tapped, as shown at a3, to receive a screw, B’.

B2 is a thumb-nut adapted to operate upon said screw, and to bear upon the rear of the arm b’ to tilt the knife-rest to any desired angle.

E is a knife-clamp provided with hooked arms e, adapted to engage over the ears b of the knife-rest, said ears being suitably cut away at their rear edge to receive said hooked arms, so that the one will be flush with the other, as shown in Fig. 7. The side walls of the stock are preferably cut away slightly to receive said ears and arms also, as shown also in Fig. 7.

E’ is a thumb-screw tapped into said clamp and adapted to tighten and hold the knife upon the knife-rest beneath. F is the knife. The clamp may have, however, any suitable engagement with the knife-rest.

When the thumb-nut B2 is forced down upon the arms b’ of the knife-rest, the effect will be to tilt the knife-rest and so adjust the knife relatively to the throat, said rest being adapted to have a slight longitudinal vibratory motion upon the ends of the screws b3 and b4, as well as a vibratory motion across the stock, while the pressure of the thumb-screw E clamps the lower part of the knife-clamp upon the knife near its cutting-edge, so that the knife is held firmly between said clamp and the knife-rest. The knife is thus readily held in position. The knife may be put in place by loosening the clamp, which is then raised to disengage its hooked arms from the ears of the knife-rest. When the knife is in place, the clamp is forced down so that its hooked arms shall be engaged over the ears of the knife-rest, and the thumb-screw may be tightened thereon when the cutting-edge of the knife has been properly adjusted.

As shown in Fig. 3, instead of providing the knife-rest with the screws b3 and b4, having rounded ends, forming the bearings of said rest, I may construct said rest with integral bearings or lugs b5, answering the same purpose as the screws in Fig. 5, the only difference being that the knife-rest cannot readily be adjusted across the stock as can be done, as already described, where the screws b3 and b4 are employed. So, also, instead of engaging the spring in the knife-rest, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the tension may be secured in essentially the same way by constructing the arm b with a cross-bar, as shown at b6, in which case the end of the spring may be engaged under the bridging, being passed over said cross-bar, as shown in Fig. 3, the tension being secured by means of the screw B’. By operating said screw the knife-rest may be tilted, as before, to secure the desired adjustment of the knife relative to the throat to make it cut more or less, as may desired.

To insure the proper location of the knife upon the rest and relatively to the throat, I also prefer to construct the knife with an orifice, f adapted to engage over a lug, G, which may be adjustably located beneath it either upon the spring, as shown in Fig. 3, or upon an arm, b7, integral with the knife-rest. This device when the lug is once adjusted properly will permit the ready engagement of the knife relatively to the throat, and when the knife becomes worn the lug can be adjusted to compensate for the wear.

H represents my improved toothing iron or scraper attachment, substantially as shown in Fig. 2, consisting of a suitable front clamp, H’, and rear clamp, H2, the front clamp being preferably provided with engaging-arms h, adapted to engage upon the rear clamp, said clamps provided with thumb-screws h and h2 to bind the toothing iron or scraper H3 between said clamps, as shown in Fig. 2. By means of the said screws the toothing-iron may be readily engaged in said clamps or removed thereupon for the insertion of the scraper, as desired, said clamps forming a holder or harness for the cutting-tool.

The rear clamp is provided with a wing, h3, constructed and arranged to be seated upon the knife-rest B. The knife-clamp E is then clamped upon the wing, the knife F being removed, which holds the said attachment firmly in place. It is evident that this attachment may be readily removed and the knife inserted, and vice versa.

Instead of engaging the wing h3 upon the knife-rest by means of the knife-clamp already described, the wing itself may be provided with engaging-shoulders h4, similar to the hooked arms e of said clamp, and serving a similar purpose.

I design to provide the stock of the plane with a scale-bar or measure, as shown in Fig. 7. The spring serves to take up any slack which may result in the adjustment of the knife-rest by means of the screw B’.

In the jack-plane, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the spring is engaged with the knife-rest forward of the bearings b3 and b4. In Fig. 3 the spring is engaged with the rest in the rear of the bearings, the spring operating simply in a reverse manner to take up the slack.

Instead of a screw, B’, a suitable cam may be employed. I would have it understood that I do not limit myself to the screw alone to secure this proper adjustment.

I do not limit myself to the definite and precise construction of the parts H’ and H2 of the attachment, as shown, nor providing the part H2 with a wing, h3, as they may be of any suitable construction to removably hold the toothing iron or scraper suitably in position in the stock.

What I claim is —

1. The combination of a plane-stock, a knife-rest provided near its lower end with a support which permits the rest to be tilted in the direction of the length of the stock and also transversely thereto, a spring to exert an upward pressure upon the rest, and means to regulate the longitudinal tilting of the rest, substantially as described.

2. The combination of a plane-stock, a knife-rest, screws passed through said rest near opposite sides thereof and bearing against said stock to permit the rest to be tilted in the direction of the length of the stock and transversely thereto, a spring to exert an upward pressure upon the rest, and means to regulate the longitudinal tilting of the rest, substantially as described.

3. The combination of a plane-stock, a knife-rest, screws passed through said rest near the opposite sides thereof and bearing against said stock to permit the rest to be tilted in the direction of the length of the stock and transversely thereto, a spring to exert an upward pressure upon the rest, means to regulate the tension of said spring, and a screw to regulate the longitudinal tilting of the rest, substantially as described.

4. The combination of the plane-stock, the knife-rest, a support under the rest, a lug, G, supported by and capable of sliding longitudinally on the support and adapted to engage and move with a knife, a knife-clamp above the rest, and a screw engaging a screw-socket in the clamp for holding the knife upon the rest, substantially as described.

5. The combination, with a metallic plane-stock, of a removable toothing iron or scraper composed of two clamps provided each with a clamping-screw, one of said clamps being provided with a wing to engage with a knife-rest on the stock, substantially as described.

6. The combination, with a plane-stock provided with a knife-rest and knife-clamp, of a removable toothing iron or scraper attachment consisting of front and rear clamps constructed and arranged to be engaged with each other and provided with clamping-screws, said rear clamp provided with a wing, h3, adapted to be engaged upon the knife-rest, the construction being such that said attachment may be removed and the knife be clamped upon the rest, and vice versa, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I sign this specification in the presence of two witnesses.

LOUIS C. RODIER.

Witnesses:
N. S. WRIGHT,
W. B. O’DOGHERTY.

No. 316,079 – Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1885)

[paiddownloads id=”390″]316079

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO
THE STANLEY RULE AND LEVEL COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 316,079, dated April 21, 1885.
Application filed February 25, 1885. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a specification.

My plane is principally designed for use in making chamfer moldings on the corners of pieces of wood-work for various uses.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of my plane. Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal section thereof. Fig. 3 is a transverse section thereof on line x x of Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 4 is a view of the stock proper, or the front part of my plane as seen when looking squarely upon the rear under side of its oblique face. Fig. 5 is a corresponding view of the rear part, showing the upper side of its oblique face. Fig. 6 is a side elevation, partly in section, of one of my planes, having a shorter rear part on gage and with the handles omitted. Fig. 7 is a transverse section of a part of the same on line y y of Fig. 6, but partly in elevation; and Fig. 8 is a plan view of one of my planes with a different form of handle.

A designates the stock proper, having the usual oblique frog, in which the ordinary cutter B is seated. This cutter is held in place by the holding-cap C, all as in ordinary planes. Other ordinary means of holding the cutter, either with or without special mechanism for adjusting the cutter up and down, may be substituted for that shown. The rear end of the stock proper, A, is an oblique under face, upon which I form a central and longitudinal rib, a, having straight, smooth edges. The front end of the stock proper, A, may, if desired, be provided with the knob-shaped handle D, with the exception of the ribbed oblique under face at the rear. The parts so far described are nothing more than an ordinary plane, and they are capable of use as such without the addition of other parts.

E designates a gage having an angular groove, b, extending longitudinally through its under face. Its front end is provided with an oblique flange or frog, c, slotted at its upper end, and provided with a groove, d, into which the rib at of the stock proper fits, so that the two parts are guided one upon the other. A shouldered set-screw, f passes through the slotted upper end of the flange or frog c, and into the oblique portion of the stock proper, A. By tightening this screw the parts A and E are held firmly in their adjusted position. By loosening the screw said parts may be moved one upon the other to any desired position and held there by tightening the screw again.

Inasmuch as the chamfer made by my plane is generally made to stop short of the length of the piece charnfered, I bevel off the lower rear corner of the stock proper, A, as at g, to a bevel corresponding to the bevel of the cutter at its lower end. This enables me to cut a beveled or oblique shoulder at the end of the chamfer cut by my plane, the angle of which shoulder will be the same as that of the beveled-off portion g of the stock.

For chamfering a corner, the parts A and E are adjusted so that the flat under face at the front end of the stock proper extends below the apex of the groove b just the depth of the desired chamfer. The plane is moved back and forth, with its gage E set squarely, as is practicable, over the corner to be chamfered, and shaving after shaving removed, until the gage stops further cutting by resting firmly for its whole length upon the stock being chamfered.

By inserting different forms of cutters moldings of different forms may be chamfered off or formed on the corners of wood-work, but the straight cutter for a plain chamfer will be the most generally used. The gage E may, if desired, be provided with the handle F. I make the rear end of the gage slanting, as shown, in order that it may be the better seated upon the work in starting a chamfer. By placing the stock proper upon the extreme front end of the gage E, I can make them of the same width, so that when adjusted to bring their lower faces into the same plane the device may be used as an ordinary hand-plane for planing flat surfaces.

Instead of handling the tool as an ordinary plane for chamfering, it may be handled after the manner of a spokeshave by simply providing the stock proper, A’, Fig. 8, with side handles, G G, as shown in said figure, or like handles may be formed in like manner upon the sides of the gage E, near its front end.

I am aware that planes for chamfering have heretofore been made, and I do not claim the same, broadly. Neither do I wish to limit my invention to the specific means of fastening the parts A and E in their adjusted positions, as other ordinary mechanism may be substituted therefor.

I claim as my invention —

The combination of the gage E, having the longitudinal angular groove b, with the stock proper, A, adjustable up and down upon the oblique front end of said gage, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
H. S. WALTER,
CHAS. B. STANLEY.

No. 313,694 – Joiner’s Plane (William Tidgewell) (1885)

[paiddownloads id=”387″]313694

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLIAM TIDGEWELL, OF MIDDLETOWN, ASSIGNOR TO THE MERIDEN MALLEABLE IRON COMPANY, OF MERIDEN, CONNECTICUT.

JOINER’S PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 313,694, dated March 10, 1885.
Application filed February 2, 1885. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM TIDGEWELL, of Middletown, in the county ot’ Midellesex and State of Connecticut, have invented a new Improvement in Joiners’ Planes; and I do hereby declare the following, when taken in connection with accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, and which said drawings constitute part of this specification, and represent, in —

Figure 1, a longitudinal vertical section; Fig. 2, an underside view of the stock; Fig. 3, a transverse section through the stock, looking on the face ofthe bearing D.

This invention relates to an improvement in that class of joiners’ planes in which the stock is made from cast metal, and in which the cutter is made adjustable by mechanical appliances. In the usual construction of these planes the cutter takes a bearing upon the stock at the mouth, the bearing extending up a considerable distance on the back of the cutter.

This bearing-surface is usually smooth and the cutter fits close upon it. The result of this bearing is to create a very great friction between it and the cutter, owing to the pressure which is brought upon the cutter at the bearing in the clamping operation, so that when the cutter is so clamped a very considerable force is necessary to be applied to the adjusting device to move the cutter.

The object of my invention is to diminish this friction while still retaining practically the same extent of bearing; and it consists in grooving the face of the bearing so as to form a series of ribs upon which the cutter will rest, the bearing-surface being reduced to the extent of the area of the spaces between the ribs, as more fully hereinafter described.

A represents the stock, made from cast-iron, and provided with the usual handle, B. C is the mouth; D, the bearing directly in rear and above the month, upon which the lower portion of the cutter E rests; F, the clamp applied in the usual manner for binding the cutter upon its seat D; G, the movable bed to which the cutter is also clamped; H, the adjusting device applied to the bed or slide G, and by which said slide and cutter are moved to adjust the cutter.

The clamping device, bed, and adjusting device may be any of the known constructions.

The face of the bearing D, instead of being made flat, is corrugated, as seen in Fig. 3, so as to form a series of ribs, a a, more or less in number, these ribs forming a series of narrow bearings, upon which the cutter will rest and its proper position be insured, yet over which it will easily move under the action of the adjusting devices.

As here represented, the area of all the ribs amounts to about one-third of the area of the bearing. The friction therefore is reduced accordingly; but still the same firm support is given to the cutter. These grooves should terminate near the bottom surface of the stock, or at about where the bevel at the edge ofthe cutter begins, as seen in Figs. 1 and 3. These grooves may be formed in casting, the ribs subsequently dressed to finish the bearing for the cutter.

In the illustration I have shown a construction of plane which permits of but a short bearing for the lower end of the cutter; but in other well-known constructions the extent of bearing is very much greater, even to forming the entire support for the cutter. The advantages of my invention increase as the extent of the bearing increases.

I claim —

In a joiner’s plane in which the stock is of cast metal, and in which the cutter is made adjustable, the bearing, D in the rear of the mouth, and which supports the cutter, constructed to form a series of ribs upon its face, and upon which ribs the cutter will rest, substantially as described.

WILLIAM TIDGEWELL.

Witnesses:
GEO. W. SMITH,
ELI I. MERRIMAN.

No. 312,229 – Plane (William Tidgewell) (1885)

[paiddownloads id=”383″]312229

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLIAM TIDGETWELL, OF MIDDLETOWN, ASSIGNOR TO THE MERIDEN MALLEABLE IRON COMPANY, OF MERIDEN, CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 312,229, dated February 10, 1885.
Application filed December 26, 1884. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM TIDGEWELL, of Middletown, in the county of Middlesex and State of Connecticut, have invented a new Improvement in Planes; and I do hereby declare the following, when taken in connection with accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, and which said drawings constitute part of this specification, and represent, in —

Figure 1, a top view with the cutter and its clamp removed; Fig. 2, a longitudinal central section showing the cutter in place; Fig.
3, a transverse section on line x x of Fig. 2; Fig. 4, a transverse section on line y y of Fig. 2; Fig.
5, a transverse section on line z z of Fig. 2; Fig. 6, a side view of the screw and nut detached from the stock.

This invention relates to an improvement in that class of planes for joiners’ use in which the stock is made from metal, and to which an adjusting-screw is applied to set the cutter, the object of the invention being such a construction of the stock and arrangement of the adjusting-screw that the stock may be cast complete and avoid the mechanical labor usually required in fitting the stock for the adjusting-screw, and it consists in a cast-metal stock constructed with a bearing for the cutter in rear of the mouth, the said bearing constructed with a central recess opening upward to form one seat for the screw, the second seat for the point of the screw being between said bearing and the mouth, with vertical guides for the nut between the two seats of the screw, combined with the screw and nut arranged in said seats, as more fully hereinafter described.

A represents the stock, which in general out line may be of common or usual construction; B, the bolt, through which the edge of the cutter C extends in the usual manner. At the rear a bearing, D, is arranged, upon which the cutter will rest at that point, the cutter resting at the month and upon the bearing D. This bearing D should extend across the stock between the sides, as indicated in Figs.1 and 3. Near the mouth, upon the inside and centrally between the two sides, a lug or upward projection, E, is formed, having a recess, a, from its upper edge downward. In the same central line a recess, b, is made in the bearing D.

F is the screw, its lower or point end, d, constructed to fit into the recess a in the lug E. At a point on the body of the screw corresponding to the recess b in the bearing D an annular groove, e, is formed, and so that the screw may be set, its point into the recess a and the annular groove e into the recess b, the sides of the groove taking a bearing upon the rear and front side of the bearing D, the said bearing D standing inclined at right angles to the plane of the cutter, and the axis of the screw is parallel with the plane of the cutter, as seen in Fig. 2. Midway between the bearing D and the lug E a pair of guides, f f, are arranged, one each side the screw, leaving a space, g, between them, as seen in Fig. 4.

H is the nut, threaded corresponding to the screw, and in width so as to stand between the two guides f f, as seen in Figs. 1 and 4. These guides prevent the nut from turning as the screw is turned; hence, as the screw is turned, it being fixed as to longitudinal movement, a corresponding advance or retreating movement will be imparted to the nut, and in such movement the nut is controlled by the guides f f. The screw is provided with a convenient head, I, by which it may be turned. The nut has a stud, h, projecting from its upper end, to enter a corresponding hole in the cutter, and so that the cutter will partake of the movement of the nut. As here represented, the cutter is held by a clamp, L, taking a bearing at its lower end upon the cutter, with an adjusting-screw, M, at its upper end to bear upon the cutter, the stock being provided with a fulcrum consisting of a cross-bar, N, over the cutter. Other clamps, however, may be applied to secure the cutter in place. By this construction the stock may be cast complete. The recess a for the point and the recess b in the bearing D for the screw are all formed in the process of casting, and so that, a pattern being made like the finished stock, no coring is necessary, as all the parts readily draw from the mold, leaving the cores fort he respective cavities. The screw with its nut is simply dropped into its seats before the cutter is applied. The construction is therefore of the simplest character, and greatly reduces the cost of the article over many of the complicated constructions, but having all the advantages of ready adjustment and firm hold of the cutter.

The bar N may be a piece of wire of suitable size and strength introduced into the mold, so that in the process of casting it will becorne a permanent and fixed part of the stock.

I claim —

1. A joiner’s-plane stock having the bearing D in rear ofthe mouth. a lug, E, between said bearing and mouth, the bearing D constructed with a recess, b, opening upward, and the lug E with a recess. a, also opening upward, the said two recesses forming seats for the screw, the guides f f between said bearing and lug, the said bearing, lug, and guides cast as an integral part of the stock, combined with the screw F, constructed with an annular groove, e, corresponding to the recess b in the bearing D, its point arranged in the open recess in the lug E, and the nut on said screw between said guides f f, the nut constructed to engage the cutter, substantially as described.

2. A joiner’s-plane stock having the bearing D in rear of the mouth, a lug, E, between said bearing and mouth, the bearing D constructed with a recess, b, opening upward, and the lug E with a recess, a, also opening upward, the said two recesses forming seats for the screw, the guides f f between said bearing and lug, the said bearing, lug, and guides cast as an integral part of the stock, and the cross-bar N made as a fixed part of the stock, with the screw F, constructed with an annular groove, e, corresponding to the recess b in the bearing D, its point arranged in the open recess in the lug E, the nut H on said screw between said guides f f, the nut constructed to engage the cutter, with the clamp L arranged beneath the bar N, to take a bearing upon the cutter below said bar, and an adjusting-screw above said bar, substantially as described.

WlLLlAM TIDGEWELL.

Witnesses:
ELI J. MERRIMAN,
H. W. HUDSON.

No. 310,473 – Bench-Plane (William Steers) (1885)

[paiddownloads id=”382″]310473

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLIAM STEERS, OF BRATTLEBOROUGH, VERMONT.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 310,473, dated January 6, 1885.
Application filed October 27, 1884. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM STEERS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brattleborongh, in the county of Windham and State of Vermont, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to improvements in bench-planes, which will be hereinafter more fully described, and pointed out in the claim.

In the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, Figure I is a longitudinal vertical section of the plane. Fig. 2 is a face or front view of the regulating-wheel and eccentric link. Fig. 3 is a face view of the back-iron.

A is the cap or holder.

A’ is a tightening-screw.

a is a lug or pin projecting from the inner side of the plane-stock on each side to support the tightener or cap A which is common to most metal planes.

B is the back-iron, which is held and adjusted to the knife by a screw, b.

In B is a hole, b’, for a pin, c, of an eccentric link, C, which is long enough to pass through the knife or plane~bit and into the hole b’ in the back-iron B.

In the upper end of the eccentric link C is a hole, c’, which fits over the pin d on the face of wheel D.

E is a support in which the adjusting-wheel D is centered. This support E is secured to the flange E’ of the frame of the plane-stock F by a screw, e.

G is the plane bit or knife, adjusted on its proper bed like all other bits or knives.

Operation: When the plane bit or knife G has been properly set, with the back-iron B secured by the set–screw b, as is usual, it is placed in the stock F. The tightener A is then put in and secured by the screw A’. The pin c on the lower end of the eccentric link C enters the hole b’ in the back-iron B. The hole c’ in the upper end of C is fixed over pin d in the face of wheel D. When the plane bit or knife G is to be set fine or coarse, by slightly loosening the screw A’, and with the thumb and fingers turning wheel D to right or left, the eccentric link C will move the knife up or down, as may be required, and by tightening screw A’ the knife is secured to the proper adjustment.

The peculiar feature of this invention is the substitution of the eccentric link C, connected directly by a crank-pin with the regulating or adjusting wheel D itself at one end, and at the other end connected by a pin with the plane-iron cap through the slot in the plane iron or knife, for the usual complicated devices for moving the knife, thus materially reducing the cost of this class of planes.

I am aware that the plane-irons of planes have been adjusted by means of adjusting wheels and connecting parts from it to the plane-iron, and I do not claim, broadly, such arrangements; but

What I do claim is —

In metallic planes, the adjusting crank-wheel D, the link C, attached at one end immediately to the crank-wheel by a wrist-pin, having at its other end a pin which passes through a slot in the plane iron or knife into the back-iron, in combination with the plane iron or knife and back-iron, substantially as and for the purpose described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I hereto affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM STEERS.

Witnesses:
J. G. EDDY,
CLARENCE F. R. JENNE.

No. 306,507 – Plane (Charles A. Meekins) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”373″]306507

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHARLES A. MEEKINS, OF PINE MEADOW, CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 306,507, dated October 14, 1884.
Application filed March 27, 1884. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES A. MEEKINS, of Pine Meadow, in the county of Litchfield and State of Connecticut, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Planes, of which the following is a description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, where —

Figure 1 is a plan view of a plane embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a view in longitudinal central section of the same on plane denoted by line x x of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a detail plan view of the clamping-lever. Fig. 4 is a detail view of a form of my device without the adjusting feature.

My invention relates to the class of planes in which are used clamping and slow-motion devices for the purpose of adjusting the plane iron to cut to diiferent depths.

It consists in the clamping device secured in the plane-body in front of the plane-iron, and in the adjusting device, and in the combination of these parts, as more particularly hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawings, the letter a denotes a plane-body of ordinary form and of any desired material — as wood — having the handle b and the depthwise mortise c, in which the plane-iron d is held.

In a socket, e, in the plane-body, and in front of the plane-iron, is placed a clamping-lever, f, having the arms f’, the ends of which bear upon the upper face of the plane-iron,as seen in Fig. 4, or upon the upper edge of the rocking lever g. which forms a part of the plane-iron-adjusting mechanism. This lever f is fulcrumed on the downward-projecting lugs a’, which are fast to or a part of the plane-body, and a screw, h, operates in a threaded socket, f”, in the lever. Fast to this rotary screw h is a handle, h’, having a shoulder on its lower end, that bears against the upper surface of the plane-body. By operating the screw h the inner end of the clamping-lever f may be raied or lowered at will, binding or loosening the plane-iron.

Fast to the upper side of the plane-iron d is a cap-iron, i, curved lengthwise in such manner as to afford a space between the cap-iron and the plane-iron for the working of the rocking lever g. This lever is operated by means of an adjusting-screw, k, moving in a socket in the cap-iron, and has a round surface, g’, bearing upon the upper surface of the plane-iron, and directly opposite the bearing-face upward-projecting arms g”, that extend through an opening in the cap-iron and take into open sockets f”’ on the lower side of the arms f’ of the clamping-lever.

The parts being assenibled as shown in Fig. 2 of drawings, the plane-iron is clamped in any desired position in the mortise by means of the lever and the screw h, and the longitudinal adjustrnent of the plane-iron is effected by means of the screw k, which, by rocking the lever g while the extremity of the short arm of the lever is held in the socket of clamp,which is fixed against longitudinal motion, thus causes the iron to move.

I claim as my invention —

1. In combination, a plane-body, a, bearing plane-iron d, having a socket, e, in front of the plane-iron, in which is seated the clamping-lever f, with feet f’, arranged to press upon the plane-iron, and the longer arm of the lever moved by means of the threaded screw h, having a handle, h’, all substantially as described.

2. In combination, a plane-body, a, bearing a plane-iron, d, and having mortise c and socket e, clamping-lever f, with feet f’, which bear upon the upper face of the plane-iron, and is fulcrumed on lugs a’, fast to the plane-body, and has a threaded socket, f2, in which the screw h is operated by means of the handle h’, all substantially as described.

3. In combination, in a plane, a plane-iron bearing between the plane-iron and a cap-iron, a bent lever having a curved bearing-surface in contact with the upper surface of the plane-iron, and its shorter arm engaging a socket in the extremity of a clamping-lever, with means for operating the adjusting-lever, all substantially as described.

CHARLES A. MEEKINS.

Witnesses:
W. H. MARSH,
A. C. TANNER.

No. 300,266 – Cabinet-Shave (John A. Keiser) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”367″]300266

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN A. KEISER, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO SAMUEL C. TATUM & CO., OF SAME PLACE.

CABINET-SHAVE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 300,266, dated June 10, 1884.
Application filed February 28, 1884. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN A. KEISER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful lmprovements in Cabinet-Shaves, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improved cabinet-shave, and other similar tools.

The object of my invention is to provide ready means for removing or inserting the bit or knife, all of which will be fully set forth in the description of the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of my invention with the bit removed. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of my improvement with the bit in position for use. Fig. 3 is a bottom plan view of Fig. 2. Fig. 4: is a vertical section on line x x, Fig. 2.

A A represent the handles of my improved shave.

B represents the central portion of the stock of the shave, which, with the handles, is preferably made of malleable iron, cast in one piece. a represents ears cast on and with the stock B.

C represents the swiveling or detachable bit-face; C’, the stationary bit-face, which forms a part of the stock B.

b represents ears attached to the face C, and provided with pivots i, which hinge the ears b to the ears a.

d represents a yoke or bar connected to the ears b.

The parts C, b, b, and d are made of metal formed in one piece, and arranged so as to more freely upon the pivots i.

D represents a cam connected by pivot c to the center of the yoke d.

E represents the bit or knife, which is made to fit into the head B, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4. In order to hold the knife in position by detachable fastenings, it is essential to have it gripped at two points — first, at or near the cutting edge, and, second, at the central point of the knife, sufficiently near the upper end to prevent its rocking or moving. To accomplish this I provide lugs h, at each end of the cutter E on the bottom of face C, and adapted to bear against the cutter E upon each side of the shaving-slot L.

The mode of operation in inserting the knife is as follows: Fig. 1 represents the device with knife or bit removed from the stock of the shave and the cam D hanging loosely upon the yoke d. The knife E is inserted with the proper feed, (the edge depending below the faces C C’,) and cam D is turned upward so as to bring the shoulder against the face ofthe knife. This movement draws the lugs h, on the face C firmly against the blade E, pressing or gripping it tightly against the face C’ of the stock by the inward movement of the face C, caused by the pressure of the shoulder of cam D against the upper end of the knife, forcing the yoke d outward. This mode of constructing the stock and attaching the parts holds the knife firmly in position, and yet allows it to be instantly inserted and removed.

The principal feature of my invention consists in constructing the pivoted portion of the stock so as to grip the knife near the cutting-edge, and central at or near its upper end, and at the same time not be apt to become accidentally disconnected from its bearings.

An inferior modification of my invention would be to employ a thumb-screw passing through the yoke d, instead of the cam D, for gripping the upper end of the knife E. Such a construction would be covered by the first and second claims herein. Spokeshaves and other tools could be made in a similar manner as the within-described cabinet-shave. Another modification could be made by having the lugs h, attached to the face C’ and the shaving-slot in the same side of the bit-face. So, too, one lug h might be employed near the center of the bit-plane; but it would not be as efficient as the plan here shown.

I claim —

1. A shave composed of the stock B and bit-face C’, in combination with the bit-face C, swiveled by a pintle placed parallel with the axis of rotation of the bit-face, and a fastening device, D, suitably supported, and adapted to grip the bit at or near the top and force one of the bit-faces against the lower edge of the bit, whereby the bit will be held to its place by said fastening D and bit-face, independently of other fastenings, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with the stock B and stationary bit-face C’, of the bit-face C, provided with lugs h to bear against the bit and with yoke d, and swiveled by a pintle parallel with its axis of rotation, and a fastening device, D, connected with the yoke d and adapted to bear against the upper part of the bit, the bit being held to its place by said fastening D and the face C, independently of other fastenings, substantially as described.

3. The combination of the stock B and stationary bit-face C’, provided with ears a, the bit-face C, provided with ears b and yoke d, and swiveled to ears a by pintles i, and the cam-lever D, fulcrumed on yoke d, for instantaneonsly fastening and releasing the bit, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

JOHN A. KEISER.

Witnesses:
EDWARD BOYD,
ANDREW E. SCOTT.

No. 299,927 – Plane (Samuel E. Hilles) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”366″]299927

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

SAMUEL E. HILLES, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 299,927, dated June 3, 1884.
Application filed March 19, 1884. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL E. HILLES, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in planes.

The object of my invention is, first, to provide suitable attachments for holding the cutter or bit in position; second, to provide improved means for attaching both vertical and side guides to regulate the cutting of grooves, gains, or rabbets.

The invention consists in the novel construction and combination of devices hereinafter described and claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which —

Figure 1 is a perspective view of my invention, with the attachments in position for use. Fig. 2 is a central vertical section on line x x, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a detail view of the vertical guide; Fig. 4, a perspective view of the side guide; Fig. 5, a detail view of one of the attachments of the side guide.

A B represent an L-shaped plane-stock; C, a handle, the parts being preferably cast in one piece.

a represents a flange upon which the cutter b rests. It is desirable in a plane to provide means for quickly and easily securing the cutter in position, and which can be readily inserted or removed, dispensing with the set-screw, and using instead thereof a cam or eccentric, which bears upon the wide face of the bit or cutter, and holds it more firmly in position than a set-screw, and which can be also more readily set or detached, being more durable than when the cap is secured by screw-threads, which must be formed in the plane-stock, or in the cap, so that common grey iron cannot be practically employed for that purpose.

E represents my improved cap, provided with a lug, e, extending transversely across its upper face, and which engages with the groove formed in the under face of boss D, said groove and lug being arranged across or substantially at right angles to the line of travel of the tool, so that the cap is thereby prevented from longitudinal movement. This lug e and the groove in the face of boss D are rounded or V-shaped, so as to prevent the cap E from being driven downward as the cam-lever F is turned down. A rectangular gain and lug would cause the parts to bind, and not allow the cap E to be raised vertically if the parts are fitted so as to prevent longitudinal motion. The cap E is inserted and removed laterally.

F represents a cam-lever fulcrumed upon the cap E, the face of the cam being as wide as the cutter b, and which when turned down upon the cutter, as shown in Fig. 1, securely holds it in its position on the bed or flange a. The cutter can be loosened, and it, with the cap, quickly removed by turning up the cam F.

G represents a gage or fence, which is secured to the side plate, B, in the following manner:

c represents a vertical groove cut in the face of the side B.

d represents a lug cast on the inner face of the guide G, which engages with the groove c and prevents lateral movement of the guide.

h, represents a slot, pierced through the shank of guide G, through which passes the shank of set-screw H, which taps into the side stock B of the plane, and holds the gage in position. This construction allows the gage G to be adjusted up and down, and secures its adjustment upon the side of stock B without weakening the stock, and in this respect it is an improvement upon the device shown and described in Letters Patent No. 284,941, granted J. M. Bennett, September 11, 1883. The guide G maybe readily removed when it is desired to use the plane with the side B resting against the wood, as in planing into a corner. It is also desirable to provide a side gage, which may be readily attached to or removed from its position on the stock of the plane, and which can be secured thereto in such a manner as not to weaken the stock, which is preferably made of common grey iron. For this purpose I provide a boss, I, on the top face of stock A.

J represents a gage-stock, which is provided with a gain, K, on one of its edges, which gain is of the same width as the side gage, M, so as to allow it to be retracted outward a sufficient distance to employ the full width of the cutter b.

l represents lugs formed upon one side of the gage-stock J, which rests upon the top surface of the stock A, and prevents it from rocking.

L represents a thumb-screw, which is inserted through the gage-stock J, and taps into the boss I, rigidly securing stock J in position to firmly hold the gage M.

n represents a transverse gain cut upon the under surface of the gage-stock J. It is made of the proper shape to receive the slotted shank N, which slides laterally in the gain n, for adjusting the gage M to any desired width of cut.

O represents a set-screw for attaching the gage M to the gage-stock J in such a manner as to adjust the gage, as before described. It will be seen that the gage-stock J and the gage M can be readily attached to or removed from the plane-stock by means of the attaching screw L.

I claim —

1. The combination, in a plane, of the right-angled stock A B, having the flange a, and attached lateral boss D, constructed with a longitudinal groove on its under side, the cap E, having a lug, e, extending transversely across its upper face, and adapted to be slipped sidewise into engagement with the groove of the boss to prevent movement of the cap in the direction of its length, and the swinging cam F, pivoted to the upper end of the cap, for clamping the cutter b upon the flange a substantiallty as described.

2. The combination, with the plane-stock A B, formed with a groove, c, in one side of the part B, but not extending through it, of the adjustable gage G, slotted vertically and provided with the lug d and the set-screw H passed through the slot of the gage and tapped into the part B of the stock, substantially as described.

3. The combination, With the right-angled stock A B, having the boss I on the top face of the part A, of the gage-stock J, provided with lugs l, resting on the face of stock A, and the thumb-nut L inserted through the stock J, and tapped into the boss I to secure stock J in position, substantially as described.

4. The combination of the right-angled stock A B, provided with the boss I on the face of the part A, the gage-stock J, provided with lugs l resting on the face of stock A and , formed with the transverse gain n, and secured to the stock by screw L, the gage M, formed with slotted shank N, entering gain n, and screw O for attaching gage M to stock J substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

SAML. E. HILLES.

Witnesses:
ANDREW E. SCOTT,
A. GLUCHOWSKY.

No. 295,414 – Bench-Plane (Charles A. Meekins) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”360″]295414

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHARLES A. MEEKINS, OF NEW HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 295,414, dated March 18, 1884.
Application filed May 31, 1883. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES A. MEEKINS, of New Hartford, in the county of Litchfield and State of Connecticut, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, where —

Figure 1 is a side view, with a portion of the sides of the stock represented as broken away. Fig. 2 is a view looking diagonally down upon the top from the point a5 over Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a view of the plane in central vertical lengthwise section. Fig. 4. shows a detail top view of the rocking clamp-iron, and also a detail side view of the same.

The letter a denotes the stock or body of the plane, which may he partly of wood and partly of metal, or substantially wholly of wood or wholly of metal. In the drawings I show it with the bottom part composed of wood and the upper part of iron.

The letter b denotes the chisel or plane-iron, of the ordinary kind. The letter c denotes the cap-iron, which is novel in its construction; but it is secured to the plane-iron b, in substantially the ordinary way, by the connecting-screw d.

The letter e denotes what I call the “rocking clamp-iron,” because it has a rocking motion for effecting the adjustment of the plane-iron and cap-iron on the studs or pivots a’ a’; and it also serves in a novel manner the function of a clamp-iron-that is, it is the important factor in attaching the plane-iron and the cap-iron to the stock of the plane. This rocking clamp-iron runs under the cap-iron. The pin e’, jointed somewhat loosely at the bottom to the rocking clamp-iron, projects upward through the cap-iron, and upon the upper end bears the nut f, by means of which the plane-iron and cap-iron are clamped to the stock — that is, by running the nut down, the journal ends of the rocking clamp-iron press against the studs a’ a’, and the plane-iron is forced firmly down upon its seat. This rocking clamp-iron has an extended part or lever end, e”, the end of which is bifurcated, and takes hold of an annular groove in the adjusting-screw g, which is hung in the cap-iron.

By manipulating this adjusting-screw the edge of the plane-iron may be nicely adjusted. The mode or manner in which this is effected is not, perhaps, plain at a first glance; but the explanation is that by manipulating this adjusting-sorew the clamp-iron is rocked on pivots a’, and carries the plane and cap irons with it in its up and down but not its rocking movements.

I claim as my improvement —

1. In combination, the plane-body bearing the pivots, the plane-iron, the cap-iron attached to the plane-iron, the longitudinally-rocking clamp-iron, adjustably connected to the cap-iron and bearing between its points of connection upon the pivots on the plane-body, all substantially as described.

2. The oornbination of the longitudinally-rocking clamp-iron e, loosely attached to cap-iron e by pin e’ and nut f, adjusting-screw g, plane-iron b, and plane-body a, with pivot-bearings for the clamp-iron, all substantially as described.

CHARLES A. MEEKINS.

Witnesses:
SARA J. SIMONDS,
WM. E. SIMONDS.

No. 294,197 – Spokeshave (Addison E. Chapman) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”356″]294197

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ADDISON E. CHAPMAN, OF OLEAN, NEW YORK.

SPOKESHAVE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 294,197, dated February 26, 1884.
Application filed September 11, 1883. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ADDISON E. CHAPMAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Olean, in the county of Cattaraugus and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Spokeshaves, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to that class of spoke-shaves in which a cast frame or handle is used to carry a blade and fastening devices.

Heretofore the blades of metallic spoke-shaves have usually been clamped in place in the body by means of one or more wedges held by two setscrews, one at each end of the blade. This necessitated the working of two screws to secure the blade or to remove it. It also prevented inserting the spokeshave into holes and thin places on account of the thumb-screws protruding at both edges of the blade.

The object of my invention is to obviate these objections and to provide a fastening device which shall securely hold the blade in place, yet may be quickly loosened to release the blade.

To this end my invention consists in a handle having a recess to receive a blade, and a wedge of peculiar shape, and a screw peculiarly shaped and located therein, as hereinafter described and claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which —

Figure 1 is a rear view, Fig. 2 is a top view, and Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section, of my spokeshave.

A represents the stock of the spokeshave, usually cast metal, formed with an aperture, B, whose lower side, b, is plane or laterally concave, serving as the seat for the blade C.

D is the wedge for holding the blade in place by resting flat upon the top thereof, and being itself held down at its two ends. For this purpose the two ends of said wedge are inclined or wedging in thickness, one end entering under a wedging-ledge, a, of the stock and the other end held by a tapering pointed screw, E. This screw is threaded into the stock A, and being bluntly tapered, its action upon the wedge is threefold. Its first action is to press the wedge against the opposite bearing, a, which being wedging, as stated, begins binding on the blade. As soon as the wedge becomes seated, so that it will no longer slide endwise from the screw, then the continued action of the screw binds the adjacent end thereof down upon the blade, thus firnily securing the same in place. The screw being right-hand threaded and located at the right hand of the blade when the latter faces from you, the revolution of the screw impinging against the end of the wedge has a creeping effect to draw that end of the wedge laterally into the stock. When the motion of the screw is reversed, each effect is reversed, the first tendency being to loosen the wedge and the second to work it out of the stock. Thus the action of each part is in all respects toward the desired end. The stock, blade, and wedge may in other respects be of any desired form. The front side of the wedge will usually be thinned to an edge to turn the shavings from the blade over it through the aperture B. Yet should it be desirable to make the wedge bear only upon the two ends of the blade and raise its middle to allow shavings to pass under, still my means of fastening the same by its ends will answer the same purpose.

I am aware that a spokeshave having its blade held directly by a wedging-edge of the handle or stock at one end, and the blade left unsupported between these resting-points, is not new, and I do not claim the same.

What I claim as my invention, and wish to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The stock of a spokeshave, having an aperture to receive the blade and a bed for the same to rest on throughout its length, and a wedging-ledge at one end of said aperture, in combination with a tapering pointed screw in the stock at the opposite end of said aperture, and a wedge inclined at both ends, as shown and described, whereby a blade may be held, as specified.

ADDISON E. CHAPMAN.

Witnesses:
E. C. CLEVELAND,
ROBERT H. WILBUR.

No. 293,864 – Bench-Plane (Arthur T. Goldsborough) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”355″]293864

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ARTHUR T. GOLDSBOROUGH, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 293,864, dated February 19, 1884.
Application filed July 19, 1883. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR T. GOLDSBOROUGH, a resident of the city of Wlashington and District of Columbia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Metallic Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

The nature of this invention relates to improvements in metallic bench-planes; and it consists in certain novel details of construction and arrangement, the particulars of which will be hereinafter fully described.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section, in elevation, of a plane illustrating my invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the stock and handle, a portion of the upper part being broken away. Fig. 3 is a section in elevation on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is an inverted plan view on the line 4 4 of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a detail view of a portion of the bit and its adusting-screw.

Similar letters denote like parts.

A represents the stock, and B represents a bridge or portion connecting the sides, in which moves the main or adjusting screw C. The bridge in this case, being only apertured to carry the said screw and not slitted for the insertion of the bit, may be made smaller and thinner than heretofore, and yet be possessed of the requisite strength and rigidity. Under the bridge, and in close proximity thereto, are two small short cleats or studs, b b, and directly above the throat H is located another cleat or stud, b’, both sets being arranged in the same line with respect to the throat of the plane. The bit D is formed with a T-shaped slot at its upper end, and the adjusting-screw C is provided with a corresponding head,which is T- shaped in cross-section. When in position, the bit may be moved freely up and down between the cleats by means of the said screw. The bit is inserted from below through the throat of the plane, as shown in dotted lines, Fig. 1, and some means must be provided for allowing sufficient movement of the said bit for it to be placed over the head of its adjusting-screw. This may be accomplished in several ways — as, for instance, forming the bit of a width less than that of the stock between the upper and lower set of cleats, or making one of the upper sets of cleats removable, or by forming triangular recesses E in the stock, within which recesses the upper end of the bit can be raised out of the path of the main or adjusting screw sufficiently to allow it, when only partially inserted, to be placed over its head. The motion of the screw is then reversed and the bit drawn in between the upper set of cleats as far as maybe desired. I prefer the latter plan, as it allows the use of a somewhat wider bit in proportion to the thickness of the sides of the stock, unless, as in the first-mentioned method, they (the sides) be made very thin. The bit, having been inserted loosely, is secured in position as follows: At a point about midway between the bridge and throat, and attached to the inside of the sole ofthe stock, is located the supplemental bridge F, in which is mounted the set-screw G, which has a conical or wedge-like end, g. The said bridge and screw are preferably placed at such an angle that the point of the screw G will strike the inside of the sole and the under side of the bit at equal angles, so that the force exerted by it, when tightened so as to lock the previously-adjusted bit, will be evenly distributed between the parts with which it is in contact. The rear portion of the stock is provided with the inwardly-extending ribs L L, the inner sides of which being oblique, they form together an inverted-V-shaped groove or slot.

The handle I is preferably made of cast-iron. It is provided with the internal-screw-threaded boss J and set-screw i, and the foot I’, which has extending or spreading sides K K. When the foot of said handle is inserted endwise into the V-shaped groove and the set-screw tightened against the sole of the stock, the handle will be securely held. By loosening the said screw i, the handle can be readily removed, and the said screw is intended to be arranged for operation by hand or with a screw-driver, as most convenient.

Having described my invention, I claim —

1. A bench-plane having a single bit and a detachably-connected adjusting-screw arranged inline therewith, and adapted to move said bit longitudinally in its plane of adjustment, a stock provided with rigidly-fined inward projections arranged on parallel lines on each side thereof, between which the bit is held and moved, and means for locking the adjusted bit by forcing it obliquely upward against the projections of the stock, as set forth.

2. A bench-plane having a single bit, an adjusting-screw detachably connected thereto, a stock formed with spaces or recesses leading obliquely upward from the throat and adapted to allow the upper end of said bit to be moved at right angles to its plane of adjustment while being connected to its adjusting-screw, and a set-screw arranged to exert pressure below said bit and lock it in its adjusted position.

3. In a bench plane, a stock formed with a bridge connecting the sides thereof on the line of the cutting-bit, and adapted to support a screw for controlling the longitudinal adjustment thereof, and a supplementary bridge located below the bit and adapted to support a set-screw operating between the bit and the inner side of the sole, cleats projecting inwardly from the sides of said stock, between which said bit moves and is adjusted, and a recess or space between the lower and upper cleats, within which the bit may be moved at right angles to its plane of adjustment, as set forth.

4. The stock A, formed with bridges B and F, the cleats b and b’, and recesses E or equivalent, substantially as shown and described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this 19th day of July, A. D. 1883.

ARTHUR T. GOLDSBOROUGH.

Witnesses:
FRANKLAND JANNUS,
FRANK P. WHILE.

No. 293,863 – Bench-Plane (Arthur T. Goldsborough) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”354″]293863

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ARTHUR T. GOLDSBOROUGH, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 293,863, dated February 19, 1884.
Application filed July 19, 1883. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR T. GOLDSBOROUGH, a resident of the city of Washington and District of Columbia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Metallic Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

The nature of this invention relates to improvements in construction and arrangement of metallic bench-planes, the object of which is to reduce the number of working parts, and by promoting extreme simplicity of form to reduce the weight, cost, and liability to disarrangement of the several elements of which the tool is composed.

It consists in forming the stock in which the bit and its adjusting-screw are mounted with guiding and retaining cleats arranged in the same line as that of the bit, and between which it moves, and also with a projection near the throat on a somewhat higher line, and over which the bit is forced by its adjusting-screw when being brought to the cutting-point, which operation springs it slightly out of line, securely locking it against the several projections mentioned and hereinafter more fully described.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section in elevation of a plane, illustrating my invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the stock, a portion thereof being broken away to show the cleats and projection or deflector. Fig. 3 is an inverted plan view on line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a detail view of parts of the bit and its adjusting-screw.

Similar letters denote like parts.

A represents the stock, which may be of metal, wood, or any other suitable material, but is preferably made of cast-iron.

B is the bridge, formed integral with the stock, and, being at the extremity of the path of the bit, it supports the adjusting-screw C, and also unites the two sides of the stock. The bridge is provided with a slit, b, through which the bit D is inserted and withdrawn; and it also has the threaded aperture b’, which carries the adjusting-screw G. The bit D is formed with a T – shaped slot at its upper end, and the screw C has a corresponding terminal, c, which is T- shaped in cross-section, so that the screw and bit are, when associated together, at all times detachably connected.

E is the throat, the rear interior edge of which is thickened or raised, so as to form the projection or deflector F.

G is a cleat, preferably forming an extension of the material of the stock, and it extends from the under side of the bridge to the deflector, terminating below the highest part thereof, and serving as a guide to direct the course of the bit when being inserted, so that the cutting-edge shall not come in contact with the deflector, but only the beveled under side of the bit.

G’ is a cleat extending about one-third the distance from the under side of the said bridge toward the throat, and parallel with the other cleat, G, with sufficient space between the two to allow the bit to pass freely up and down.

The operation of my device is as follows: The bit is placed in the slot d and moves freely down between the cleats until its beveled under side reaches and rests upon the deflector F, when its downward passage will be arrested. The screw C, having been connected to the bit when it was inserted, is now turned and the bit forced downward. Being held between both cleats at its upper portion only, the edect of this will be to spring the bit forward and obliquely upward, to enable it to pass over the deflector until its edge reaches the operative point, when the said bit will be tightly held between the highest point of the deflector and the short upper cleat, G’.

It will be readily seen that the deflecting device may consist of short cleats or projections attached to the side of the stock, near instead of at the throat of the plane, and they may also be placed above as well as below the bit, if found desirable.

Having described my invention, I claim —

1. A bench-plane having a single bit, and means for moving the same longitudinally, and a stock provided with fixed projections arranged in the path of the cutting-bit, but on different lines, between which projections the bit is held when forced to its operative point, as set forth.

2. A bench-plane having a single bit and detachably-connected adjusting-screw, and a stock formed with cleats, between which said bit. moves freely, and a deflector at or near the throat, over which the bit is forced to its operative point by its adjusting-screw, and between which deflector and cleats it is securely held, substantially as set forth.

3. In a beneh-plane, the stock A, formed with a guiding-cleat extending from the point of insertion of the bit to and terminating at a deflector or raised portion at or near the throat, and a cleat arranged above and parallel to and only a portion of the length of the said guiding-cleat, between which short cleat and the defleetor a cutting-bit may be securely held.

4. In a bench-plane, the combination, with the stock A, provided with slotted and screw-threaded bridge B, uniting the sides thereof, cleats G and G’, extending inward from the sides of the slot, and deflector or projection F, at or near the throat of the plane, of the bit D and detachable adjusting-screw C, all constructed and operating substantially as shown and described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this 19th day of July, A. D. 1883.

ARTHUR T. GOLDSBOROUGH.

Witnesses:
FRANKLAND JANNUS,
FRANK P. WHITE.

No. 291,178 – Plane (William B. Fenn) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”350″]291178

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLIAM B. FENN, OF MERIDEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO FOSTER, MERRIAM & CO., OF SAME PLACE.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 291,178, dated January 1, 1884.
Application filed September 3, 1883. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM B. FENN, of Meriden, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, a citizen of the United States, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in explaining its nature, in which —

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a plane containing my invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section. Fig. 3 is a cross-section on the line x x of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a vertical section on the line y y of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 represents a modification in construction hereinafter described.

The invention relates to various details of construction, all of which are hereinafter fully described.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the stock of the plane. It is made of metal, has the vertical side extensions or flanges, a, the handles a1 a2, and the knife-opening a3. Cast with the stock, or secured thereto by rivets or in any other desirable way, is the triangular-shaped block B. This block is narrower than the plane-stock, and is arranged immediately back of the knife-opening, and there is a recess or space between its vertical sides and the inner sides of the extension or flange a. Its upper surface is inclined, preferably, parallel with the incline a5 of the knife-opening. To this upper surface of the block is fastened by screws a6, or otherwise secured, a plate, a7, which is of the same inclination as the surface of the block, and which extends beyond it on each side to furnish supports or ways for the carriage C, which holds the plane iron or knife.

Instead of making the plate a7 separate and attaching it to the block B, it may be made integral therewith, if desired. The location of this block and plate in relation to the knife-opening and to the side flanges, a, of the plane is well shown in Fig. 3.

Extending upwardly and backwardly from the block B is the threaded spindle or screw, b, by which, in connection with the devices hereinafter described, the carriage, and there-fore the plane irons or knives, is adjusted vertically.

The carriage C has the flat upper surface or bed c, upon which the plane irons or knives D rest, the flat under portion, c1, which slides upon the upper surface ef the plate a7, and the outwardly-projecting portions or wings c2, which extend under the under surface of the side edges of the plate a7, and secure the carriage thereto in a manner to permit it to be moved vertically thereon without being raised or lifted therefrom — that is, these are formed in the downwardly-projecting portions of the carriage grooves or recesses which fit the outer edges of the plate a7. It is of course immaterial as to how these grooves or recesses are formed. They may be made in casting the block, or they may be planed out; and it is also immaterial as to their shape and the shape of the edges of the plate in cross-section, as this shape may be square, or partially rounded, or inclined upon the under edge. The carriage C also has the downwardly-extending lug or bracket c3, which has the projections c4, that straddle the portion c5 of the nut c6. This nut has a thread, c7, which fits the thread on the inclined screw or spindle b. The shoulders c8 c9, at the lower end of the nut, fasten the projections c4 of the carriage securely to the nut, so that upon the revolution of the nut the carriage is raised or lowered.

It will be observed that the nut is so located in relation to the back handle of the plane that it can be easily revolved without removing the hand from the handle, so that the plane irons or knives may be adjusted while the plane is being moved. The plane-irons are secured to this block; by means of the headed screw-spindle E, which screws into the carriage, and of course may be adjusted in and out in relation thereto, and which passes through the hole e in the plane-irons and the key F, which has formed in its under surface in any desirable way the projections f, which shut under the head cf the screw. The under surface, and especially the lower edge of the key, bears upon the upper plane-iron, and the screw f1 in its upper end bears upon the upper plane-iron, throws the lower portion of the key rigidly against the lower portion of the plane-iron, and being held to the carriage by the headed spindle or screw E, the plane knives or irons are rigidly fastened to the carriage. The plane-irons are secured to each other by the coupling-screw d, and a hole, d1, is made in the carriage to receive the head of this screw.

The advantages of this invention are simplicity and cheapness of construction and ease of adjustment of the irons.

It will be observed that the threaded spindle or stem b need not necessarily be secured to the block B, as it can be fastened to any other part of the stock or body of the plane, provided it is arranged to project diagonally upward, as shown.

It will also be seen that by making the headed screw E adjustable in the carriage plane-irons of varying thickness may be used, and that a tight fit between the key-piece, plane-irons, and carriage may be obtained, which is desirable, as it prevents chips, dust, and shavings from getting between the various parts, and also holds the plane-irons more securely in place.

In Fig. 5 I show the nut secured by the body of the plane or block B, instead of to the knife-carriage C; and I prefer to secure the nut in place by tapping a hole in the block or body of the plane and forming a projection on the end of the nut, which shall tightly fit the hole when driven therein. The screw-spindle will, in this construction, take the place of the nut c6 in relation to the carriage C, and the screw will enter the stationary nut; or, in other words, in this modification the nut is stationary and the screw-spindle movable with the carriage.

Of course the invention can be used in planes having wooden bodies, or bodies having wooden bottoms and metal frames, if desired.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States —

1. A plane bed or stock having the block B, cast upon or fastened to the inside thereof, of less width than the body of the plane,and provided with ways or guides for the support of a movable plane knife or iron supporting carriage formed thereon by means of the projections a7, all substantially as and for the purposes described.

2. The combination of the plane bed or stop A, the block B, fastened or secured thereto, narrower than the plane-stock, and having the projecting guides a7, with a movable or knife-supporting carriage, G, having the outwardly-projecting portions or wings c2, which lap under the under surface of the guides, all substantially as and for the purposes described.

3. The combination, in a plane, of the stock or bed A, the block B, fastened thereto as described, and of less width than the body of the plane, provided with the ways or guides a7, which project therefrom, as specified, the threaded spindle or screw b, the plane knife or iron supporting carriage C, having the projecting portions c2, which lap upon the under surface of the guides or fianges a7, and the nut c5, secured to said carriage, as described, all substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4. The combination, in a plane, of the threaded spindle or stem fixed in the body of the plane, the plane iron or knife supporting carriage C, having the projections c4, which straddle the nut c5, the said nut c6, which works upon the threaded stem, all substantially as and for the purposes described.

5. The plane knife or iron supporting carriage C, having the bracket or projection c3, whose projecting ends straddle the grooved or recessed nut c6 between the shoulders c8 c9. all substantially as and for the purposes described.

6. The combination of the adjustable screw or lug E, having in the movable carriage C the plane iron or irons D, and the key F, having the undercut recess in its under surface, adapted to receive the head of the screw or lug, and the locking-screw f1, all substantially as and for the purposes described.

WILLIAM B. FENN.

Witnesses:
L. WETMORE,
GEO. W. COLE.

No. 289,332 – Joiner’s Plane (Henry B. Beach) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”348″]289332

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

HENRY B. BEACH, OF MERIDEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO
THE MERIDEN MALLEABLE IRON COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

JOINER’S PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 289,332, dated November 27, 1883.
Application filed September 10, 1883. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY B. BEACH, of Meriden, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented a new Improvement in Joiners’ Planes; and I do hereby declare the following, when taken in connection with accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, and which said drawings constitute part of this specification, and represent, in —

Figure 1, a sectional side view; Fig. 2, a top view; Fig. 3, a transverse section on line x x; Fig. 4, a transverse section on line y y; Fig. 5, a transverse section on line z z; Fig. 6, a transverse section through the clamping-bar h; Fig. 7, an edge view of the cap.

This invention relates to an improvement in that class of planes for joiners’ use in which the stock is made from cast metal, the object of the invention being a simple, ready, and positive adjustment and firmness of the plane-iron when once it is set in the required position; and the invention consists in the construction, as more fully hereinafter described, and particularly recited in the claims.

A represents the stock, made from cast-iron, fitted with the usual handle, B. Upon the inner surface of each side of the stock is a ledge, a, inclined in a line from the mouth, according to the pitch required for the plane-iron. These ledges form supports for the bed C, and on the upper surface of which the bed rests — that is to say, the bed lies upon these inclines. Below these inclined bearings a, and centrally between the two sides, a screw-stud, D. is set in a plane parallel with the inclines both vertically and horizontally, as seen in Fig. 1. From the under side of the bed a lug, E, extends downward, with an opening through it corresponding to the screw-stud D, and so as to pass freely over the stud.

F is a nut fitted to the screw-stud, and carrying a collar, b. The lug is recessed transversely to form a slot, d, to receive the collar b of the nut, and so that in placing the bed in its position the nut is first set into engagement with the slot d, then the bed moved down to carry the lug over the screw-stud, and so as to permit the nut to engage the screw; then turning the screw in one direction will move the bed downward, and in the reverse will draw it upward.

On the bed C the plane-iron G is placed, and over this the clamp H, and then upon that the clamp I, which is secured by a set-screw, K. The arrangement of the clamp whereby the plane-iron is secured to the bed may be any of the usual constructions.

As here represented, a headed stud, L, attached to the clamp I, passes through beneath the cap and iron and engages a slot in the bed below, so as to form a fulcrum for the clamp. Then the point of the clarnp bears upon the iron, the power being applied through the screw K to force the point into its clamping position — a usual and well-known construction. The bed is held down at its lower end by an L-shaped lug, e, engaging a corresponding L-shaped flange, f, on the stock. (See Figs. 1 and 5.)

In the usual construction of this class of clamps the screw is inade to bear at a central point and over a comparatively small surface. Unless the corresponding surfaces of the bed and plane-iron make a perfect fit between the two, the iron is easily thrown out of adjustment. To increase this bearing-surface of the adjusting-screw, I arrange a bar, h, in a slot transversely across on the under side of the head of the clamp, and it should be in length nearly the width of the plane-iron. This is engaged with the set-screw by upsetting the screw upon the under side of the bar, as seen in Figs. 1 and 6, but so as to leave the screw free to turn in the bar; hence by turning the screw in one direction the bar will be drawn into the slot, and turned in the opposite direction will be forced downward. This transverse bar affords a long surface of bearing upon the plane-iron, and so that the force of the screw is applied to that entire surface; hence so broad or extended a bearing upon the plane-iron is attained as to prevent the possibility of accidental displacement. In this class of planes in which a cap is employed in connection with the plane-iron a ditliculty is experienced in properly fitting the edge of the cap to the surface of the plane-iron, or to bring it into a firm and close bearing entirely across the face of the plane-iron, and if it be not thus perfectly fitted shavings will work between the two and inconvenience the workman. In the usual construction of cap the edge is drawn down thin and turned toward the plane-iron, so as to raise that portion of the cap back of its edge from the iron; then the set-screw i applied is relied upon to draw the cap properly onto the iron; but this set-screw is necessarily so far from the foot that unless both the iron and the cap are perfect in their construction the requisite fit cannot be attained. To overcome this difficulty I reduce the cap in thickness a little above the foot, as at l, Figs. 1 and 7 , so as to weaken the cap at that point. Then the screw is applied in the usual manner. The clamp bears upon the cap at this reduced point, as seen at Fig. 1, and applies a pressure which, because of the reduction in thickness of the cap, will cause the foot of the cap to spring into the shape to fit closely and entirely across the face of the plane-iron. This construction permits the cap to be drawn into close contact with the iron around the set-screw, as shown, thus making a firm connection between the cap and iron, so that dis-
placement of the cap is impossible, and the clamp serves to bring the foot of the cap into its proper relation to the face of the iron; and this construction also enables me to make the cap of thicker material than can be done where there is no such reduction in thickness, for without the reduction there must be sufficient spring in the cap to permit the screw which holds it in place to draw the cap down to the iron; but this reduction in thickness requires less power upon the screw, and also enables the clamp to properly hold the cap in place.

In adjustable mouth planes — that is, planes which have the bottom fore end adjustable, so as to take the forward edge of the mouth nearer to or farther from the iron, as occasion may require – a difliculty is experienced from the fact that the adjustable portion is liable to be forced against or into contact with the cutting-edge of the iron, consequently drilling the plane. To obviate this difficulty I construct the adjustable part M so as to be moved toward or from the mouth in the usual manner, and upon its upper surface form a socket, N, fitted with a female screw, the socket arranged to work in a longitudinal recess, O, in the stock, the recess being constructed with relation to the socket N so that the rear side of the socket will strike the rear end of the slot O just before the adjustable piece M will reach the edge of the iron, and through a slot, P, into the recess a set-screw, R, passes into the socket N to bind the adjustable part in any position to which it may be set.

The set-screw itself may form the stop, instead of the socket — that is, the slot P, through which the set-screw passes, may be of such length that the body of the screw will strike the forward end of the slot just before the adjustable piece M will reach the edge of the iron, it only being essential to this part of my invention that there shall be a stop to thus arrest the adjustable piece M.

I claim —

1. In a metal plane, the combination of the stock, constructed with inclined lugs a upon its two sides to support the bed, the bed C, arranged to ride upon said lugs, the screw-stud D, fixed in the stock and parallel with the plane of the bed, a lug, E, extending from the bed and arranged to work over said screw-stud, said lug constructed with a transverse recess, d, the nut F, constructed with the collar b, corresponding to the said recess d, and mechanism, substantially such as described, to clamp the iron upon the bed, all substantially as specified.

2. In a metal plane substantially such as described, the clamp I, by which the plane-iron is secured to the bed, combined with a transverse bar, h, and adjusting-screw K, substantially as specified.

3. In a joiner’s plane substantially such as described, the cap H, having its thickness reduced transversely near its foot, substantially as and for the purpose described.

4. In a joiner’s plane, the combination of a bed made adjustable, a plane-iron upon said bed, a clamp in connection with said bed, the cap H, reduced in thickness transversely near its foot, said clamp arranged to bear upon said cap near its reduced thickness, and mechanism, substantially such as described, to force said clamp to thus bear upon the cap, substantially as specified.

HENRY B. BEACH.

Witnesses:
E. A. MERRIMAN,
CHAS. WM. MANN.

No. 288,866 – Joiner’s Plane (Solon R. Rust And Arthur E. Rust) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”347″]288866

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

SOLON R. RUST AND ARTHUR E. RUST, UF PINE MEADOW, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNORS TO SAID
SOLON R. RUST, AND HENRY B. BEACH AND JOHN C. BEACH, BOTH OF MERIDEN, CONNECTICUT.

JOlNER’S PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 288,866, dated November 20, 1883.
Application filed September 10, 1883. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, SOLON R. RUST and ARTHUR E. RUST, of Pine Meadow, county of Litchfield, State of Connecticut, have invented an Improvement in Joiners’ Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improvement in that class of joiners’ planes in which the stock is constructed from metal, usually cast-iron.

In the more general construction of this class of planes the bed to which the plane-iron is clamped is arranged in guides or bearings formed in the sides of the stock. These require to be planed with great exactness, and the bed to be correspondingly fitted.

The object of our invention is to simplify the construction of the plane, so far as the fitting and guiding of the bed are concerned; and it consists in the arrangeinent of a guiding stud or studs in the stock, midway between its two sides, and on an incline corresponding to the inclined position required for the bed, which stud or studs serve as guides for the support and movement of the bed, and having cornbined therewith an adjusting-screw arranged in a plane parallel with the said stud or studs, and as more fully hereinafter described.

In the accompanying illustration, which forms part of this specification, Figure 1 represents a longitudinal section on line z z; Fig. 2, a top view; Fig. 3, a transverse section on line x x, and Fig. 4 a transverse section on line y y.

A represents the stock, of the usual form, provided with a handle, B. C is the bed on which the iron D rests, and is clamped by means of the cap E, the cap E provided with lugs as near its upper end, which pass under and embrace the bed, as seen in Fig. 3, the set-screw F serving to bring the point of the cap onto the iron near its edge, and so as to clamp the iron firmly to the bed; but this arrangement of clamping is immaterial to this invention, as the cap may be applied in any of the usual or well-known methods.

In the stock beneath the bed a stud, G, is arranged in a plane parallel with the position required for the bed. This stud is best set by drilling into the stock and setting a stud of the required diameter therein, as seen in Fig. 1. On the under side of the bed is a lug, H, at right angles to the bed, and through which a hole is bored corresponding to the stud G, and so as to pass thereon and move freely toward or from the mouth of the plane, the stud serving as a guide for such increment of the bed. This stud, placed centrally, as seen in Fig. 4, permits the bed to rock iroin right to left to adapt itself to the position of the plane-iron. The plane-iron, near the mouth b, takes a bearing on the stock, as at d, which gives the proper transverse position for the plane-irons. The bed will therefore adapt itself to this position of the stud. The lug H extends below the pivot and engages with an adjusting-screw, I. This adjusting-screw is threaded to tit a corresponding screw-hole, e, in the stock, and in a plane parallel with the axis of the stud G. This screw is provided with a collar, f, which engages a slot, l, in the lug H, and so that turning the screw in one direction forces the bed and the iron to more downward, and in the opposite direction upward, and whereby the edge of the iron may be set in the proper relation to the face of the plane. The stud G may be of sufficient length to take a bearing near the two ends of the bed, but we prefer to introduce a second stud, L, into the stock below, as seen in Fig. 1, for the support of the bed below; or two studs may be introduced, one parallel with the other and in the same plane horizontally, which will give two supports for the bed; but in such arrangement of studs the advantage of the rocking movement is not attained.

The introduction of the diagonal guiding-studs into the stock beneath the bed is much cheaper than the usual inclined side guides formed upon the inner surface of the sides of the stock.

What we claim as our invention is —

In a metal plane, the combination of the stock provided with one or more inclined studs, G, beneath the bed, the bed constructed with a. downwardly-projecting lug, H, constructed to ride on said stud as a support and guide, a screw arranged in the stock parallel with said stud and in engagement with the bed, the plane-iron, cap, and means, substantially such as described, for clamping the plane iron to the bed, all substantially as described.

SOLON R. RUST.
ARTHUR E. RUST.

Witnesses:
GEO. H. RICE,
EDW. E. KELLOGG.

No. 287,612 – Plane (Henry B. Beach) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”346″]287612

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

HENRY B. BEACH, OF MERIDEN, CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 287,612, dated October 30, 1883.
Application filed June 21, 1883. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY B. BEACH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Meriden, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in bench or block planes; and the object is to improve and simplify their construction, to dispense with the ordinary clamping-iron, and form of the shaving-turning iron the clamping-plate, to be adjusted by a screw through the upper surface and bearing against the bit or cutting-iron, a fulcrum-point being also formed on said shaving-turning iron or clamping-plate, which bears against the cross-bar formed on the body or frame of the plane.

The invention consists in the construction and arrangement of parts, as will be more fully described hereinafter, and more specifically pointed out in the claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts in the different figures of the drawings, in which —

Figure 1 represents a plan view of my plane. Fig. 2 is alongitudinal section of the same on the line x x. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section, showing the clamping-plate provided with the fulcrum-point. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the turning-iron.

In the accompanying drawings, A is the body or frame of the plane, cast with the ordinary opening, a, for the plane-iron or bit, and at the upper side with a cross-bar, b, as also with a lug, c, having its upper surface provided with a concave. Upon this lug the plane-iron or bit B rests, and is held in place by the shaving-turning iron C. This is provided with an elongated point or lug, d, as shown in Fig. 1, although it may be rounded off, as indicated by the dotted lines in the same figure, and as also seen in Fig. 4. This point d bears against or under the cross-bar b, when the screw e is set down against the plane-iron or bit, and forms a fulcrum against it. By screwing down the screw e, the point of the shaving-turner is firmly and evenly forced against the entire width of the bit, thus preventing shavings from getting between the bit and turning-iron and clogging it.

In Fig. 3 the clamping-plate D is provided with a similar fulcrum-point, d, which bears against the cross-bar b, as described above, and this plane is more especially adapted for block-planes, in which no shavings are to be turned out of the way.

A cap, f is cast on the turning-iron or clamping-plate, to prevent the hand coming in contact with the end of the bit or plane-iron. Said cap is shown and claimed in another application filed April 4, 1883, attached to a clamping-plate, and claimed therein.

The advantages of attaching the fulcrum-point to the shaving-turning iron or clamping-plate will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and among them are that a much longer fulcrum-point can be obtained. By adjusting the shaving-turning iron against the cross-bar on the frame, the lower point can be clamped much tighter and closer against the plane-iron or bit, and the shavings are turned out of the way without clogging the plane, the necessity of a strong screw-driver for adjusting the shaving-turner against the bit is obviated, and the screw with a milled head is easier to operate and to get at, and the cost of the plane is also greatly reduced.

The old clamping-plate can be used by inserting a lug with point in the elongated slot, as new employed.

I am aware that a central bearing-point has been attached to the cross-bar on the frame, and a clamping-plate adjusted against it by a thumb-screw; but said clamping-plate was plane, and could not form a shaving-turning iron, and I therefore disclaim such.

I am aware of the Patent No. 144,823, granted to Baldwin, also Patent No. 7,565, granted to Traut and Richards, as well as No. 279, 885, granted to Rust, and disclaim the construction therein shown; but

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. In a plane, the clamping-iron provided with central elevated ridge or point bearing against a bar secured to the body of the plane, so that in adjusting said iron. it will bear uniformly on the planing-iron, substantially as shown and specified.

2. In a plane, the clamping-iron provided with central elevated ridge or point bearing against the lower side of a transverse bar secured to the body of the plane, and adjusted by a screw bearing against the plane-iron, and uniformly pressing against said plane-iron at its lower end, to form a, shaving-turner, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I hereby affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

HEHRY E. BEACH.

Witnesses:
L. F. KELEHER,
J. M. YZNAGA.

No. 287,584 – Plane (Solon R. Rust And Arthur E. Rust) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”345″]287584

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

SOLON R. RUST AND ARTHUR E. RUST, OF PINE MEADOW, CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 287,584, dated October 30, 1883.
Application filed May 10, 1883. (Model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, SOLON R. RUST and ARTHUR E. RUST, of Pine Meadow, in the county of Litchfield and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, where —

Figure 1 is a view in longitudinal vertical section of a plane embodying our improvements on plane denoted by line x x of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a top view of the same. Fig. 3 is a detail view in cross-section on the line y y of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a detail end view of the carriage, looking from below.

Our invention has for its object the construction of planes cheaper and more readily adjusted to varied uses than the forms now in common use; and it consists in the special arrangement and combination of the parts for adjusting the cutting-iron and clamping the same, and in changing the character of the plane from a single to a double iron, as hereinafter more particularly described.

In the accompanying drawings, the letter a denotes a body of common form, and made of any desirable material, as iron; b, the usual mortise or opening through to the face of the plane; c, the cutting-bed; d, a transverse flange provided with the socket d’; e, a carriage having upon the lower side a tubular projection adapted to fit into and move longitudinally in the socket d’, and on its upper side the arms f, provided with the interiorly-projecting flanges or their equivalents.

On the carriage, and between the arms, rests the cutting-iron g, which is a flat piece of metal provided with a chisel-edge, and upon it, and also adapted to slide between the arms, is arranged the cap-iron and clamp h, which has upon each side the projections h’, which limit the forward movement of the clamp, and at its rear end, in a threaded socket, the clamp-screw h”.

The screw spindle i is rotarily secured in the tubular projection on the carriage, as by means of the transverse pin j, and its lower end projects into and operates in the nut formed in the body of the plane. This peculiar arrangement of the carriage enables it to have a rocking motion sidewise, or transversely of the plane, and at the same time makes it adjustable in the plane of the cutting-iron. This rocking motion of the carriage enables one to adjust the back of the plane-iron to a perfect bearing on the cutting-bed, and at the same time support and hold it against longitudinal motion.

The cap-iron is made to serve as a clamp by its lower edge, resting upon the cutting-iron near its lower end, passing under the flanges on the arms, which serve as fulcrums, and by being raised from the cutting-iron near the upper end by means of the clamp-screw, the lower end of which takes against the face of the iron. It serves the purpose of the ordinary cap-iron, when desired, and at the same time can be readily slipped back, leaving the plane in the form known as “single-iron” planes.

One peculiar and important feature of our invention consists of the combination of cap-iron and clamp, so arranged that the relative positions of the cutting-edge of the iron and the front edge of the clamp are not changed when the iron is adjusted to fix the thickness of shaving to be cut by the plane. The smoothness of the surface left after removing a shaving is determined by this relative position of cutting-edge of iron and edge of cap-iron, and once fixed in our device it remains constant, as described, while the thickness of the shaving may be varied by the adjustment of the carriage. This construction of parts is a great saving in expense over the ordinary method of arranging and combining the cutting-iron and the cap-iron, and possesses the further advantage of simplicity and ready adjustment to various uses.

The thickness of the shaving made by the plane is adjusted by means of the screw-spindle, which has a suitable head for operating with the thumb and finger.

In order to enable the tubular projection to slide readily, or to rock in the socket d’, we slab off, as seen in Fig. 3, portions of its upper surface, to decrease the bearing-surface within the socket. This, however, is not essential to the perfect operation of our device, as the carriage may have a downward projection resting in a guide-groove in the plane-body, or be adapted to rock in many ways obvious to the skilled mechanic on slight inspection of our device.

We claim as our invention —

1. In combination, a plane-body having a socket, and the carriage having at longitudinal reciprocation and also an transverse rocking motion in said socket, with means for adjusting said carriage, all substantially as described.

2. In combination, the plane-body, the carriage having a longitudinal motion and also a transverse rocking motion, and bearing the plane-iron and combined cap-iron and clamp, all substantially as described.

3. In combination with a plane-body and a carriage, substantially as hereinbefore described, the plane-iron and combined cap-iron and clamp, made, in one piece, the relative position of the two latter parts remaining unchanged when the plane-iron is adjusted to determine the depth of cut of the iron, all substantially as described.

SOLON R. RUST.
ARTHUR E. RUST.

Witnesses:
A. C. TANNER,
WM. H. MARSH.

No. 287,371 – Joiner’s Plane (William B. Fenn) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”344″]287371

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLIAM B. FENN, OF MERIDEN, CONNECTICUT,
ASSIGNOR TO FOSTER MERRIAM & CO., OF SAME PLACE.

JOINER’S PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 287,371, dated October 23, 1883.
Application filed June 30, 1883. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM B. FENN, of Meriden, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented a new Improvement in Joiners’ Planes; and I do hereby declare the following, when taken in connection with accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, and which said drawings constitute part of this specification , and represent, in —

Figure 1, a sectional side view; Fig. 2, a top view, with the plane-iron and clamp removed; Fig. 3, a rear view, the bed removed, showing the inclined guiding-sides and screw. Fig. 4, a perspective view of the bed removed, looking toward the under side; Fig. 5, a longitudinal section of the clamp through the T-shaped slot; Fig. 6, an under side view of the clamp; Fig. 7, a transverse section of the clamp on line x x of Fig. 5; Fig. 8, a transverse section of the bed, showing the T-shaped stud.

This invention relates to an improvement in that class of joiners’ or bench planes in which mechanism is employed to adjust the cutter with relation to the thickness of the shaving to be cut. In the more general construction of this class of planes the bed is fitted to work upon ways in the stock. These ways, as well as the bed, require to be shaped or fitted in the planing-machine, and this fitting of the bed and ways is an expensive part of the manufacture of the plane.

The principal object of my invention is to avoid this expensive part of the work; and the invention consists in the construction of plane as hereinafter described, and more particularly recited in the claims.

A represents the stock, which is of substantially the usual form; B, the bed upon which the plane-iron or cutter C is supported; D, the clamp by which the iron is secured upon the bed. E is the rest or support for the lower part of the plane-iron, and which terminates at the throat a.

The surface of the bed and the surface of the rest E must be in substantially the same inclined plane. In the rear end of the rest E, I introduce studs F F, projecting therefrom, and upwardly inclined in a plane parallel with the plane of the bed and rest. These studs are best made from round rods cut to the required length, and driven into corresponding holes in the rest.

The bed B is constructed with downwardly-projecting cars G, through which holes b are made corresponding to the studs F F, and so that the bed set upon the studs F will move freely thereon as guides, and the bed be retained in its proper relative position to the rest. The employment of these studs as guides is very much cheaper than the planed seat hitherto generally employed, as the holes for the studs as well as the corresponding holes in the bed are readily drilled by a pair of drills arranged for the purpose, so that the relative position of the two parts is assured.

To adjust the bed, a third stud, H, is arranged in the rest between the studs F F. This stud is screw-threaded, and in a lug, I, which extends down from the bed, a nut, L, is arranged. This nut is free for rotation, but prevented from longitudinal movement (here represented as so prevented) by a screw, d, through the lug into a corresponding annular groove in the body of the nut. The nut is fitted at its outer end with a head, M, by which it may be conveniently turned. The nut is internally threaded, corresponding to the stud H, and so that by turning the nut the bed will be moved accordingly.

Instead of two studs a single stud may be employed and accomplish a good result. I do not limit this part of my invention, therefore, to the employment of the two studs F F.

To engage the clamp with the bed, I construct the bed with an upwardly-projecting T-shaped stud, N, which will pass through the central slot in the plane-iron, so that the iron may be placed upon the bed and rest. The clamp D is constructed with a longitudinal slot, P, T- shaped in transverse section, as seen in Fig. 7. This slot is inclined from the lower end backward and upward from the plane of the under side of the plate, the opening of the slot being upon the under side.

The head of the stud N enters the lower end, R, of the slot, and then, as the clamp is forced downward, the inclined T part of the slot engages the shoulder of the stud N, as seen in Figs. 5 and 7, the incline acting as a wedge to draw the clamp down upon the plane-iron, and thereby serve to clamp the iron to the bed, and so that a quite firm engagement may be made by simply thus forcing the clamp downward; but to make a firm engagement a set-screw, S, through the clamp is provided, to bear upon the iron above the point where the stud N engages, and so that the stud forms a fulcrum upon which the clamp will act as a lever, its forward or lower end bearing upon the iron below the stud and the screw above.

Instead of making the inclined slot in the clamp and fixing the stud to the bed, this order may be reversed, and the inclined slot made in the bed and the stud fixed to the clamp. In such construction, it will be understood the incline will be reversed — that is, so as to draw the clamp toward the bed by the downward movement of the clamp.

Considerable difficulty is experienced in the use of this class of planes, from the fact that the great resistance offered to the working of the plane — as, for instance, in striking a knot — tends to turn the iron out of its proper position, the natural friction between the clamp and bed not being sufficient to hold the iron. To overcome this difiiculty, I apply to the clamp a facing, T, of non-metallic material, preferably of india-rubber. This is best made by the introduction of a strip of rubber across the lower end of the clamp, as seen in Fig. 1; but it may be applied at other positions, and advantageously so, at about the point where the screw bears — that is, an india-rubber or other non-metallic shoe may be applied to the lower end of the screw to bear upon the surface of the plane-iron — or this non-metallic bearing-surface may be arranged upon the bed, or upon the rest beneath the plane-iron; or it may be applied both to the clamp and to the bed, it only being essential to this part of my invention that there shall be a non-metallic bearing-surface for the plane-iron.

I claim —

1. In a plane substantially such as described, the combination of one or more inclined guiding-studs, F, fixed in the stock, the bed B, constructed to ride upon said inclined stud, mechanism, substantially such as described, to hold the plane-iron upon the bed, an inclined adjusting-screw and nut whereby said bed and the iron which it carries are made adjustable upon said stud, substantially as described.

2. In a plane substantially such as described, the combination of one or more inclined guiding-studs, F, the correspondingly-inclined screw-stud H, the bed B, constructed to ride upon said inclined stud, and the nut L, arranged in said bed, fixed as to longitudinal movement but free for rotation, substantially as described.

WILLIAM B. FENN.

Witnesses:
JOS. C. EARLE,
J. H. SHUMWAY.

No. 286,894 – Plane (Fortune L. Bailey) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”343″]286894

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

FORTUNE L. BAILEY, OF FREEPORT, INDIANA.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 286,894, dated October 16, 1883.
Application filed July 12, 1883. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, F. L. BAILEY, of Freeport, in the county of Shelby and State of Indiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use it, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification.

My invention relates to an improveinent in planes; and it consists, first, in the combination of the bearing-plate having the adjusting-screw swiveled thereto, the slotted bit which is attached by means of a set-screw to the plate which bears against its top, and a screw-bolt which passes through both of the plates and the bit, and which has the adjusting-screw to pass through its lower end; second, in a bit having a nut passed through its outer end, and a set-screw passed through the nut, so as to have its lower end bear against the lower plate, and thus adjust the angle at which the bit shall set, as will be more fully described hereinafter.

The object of my invention is to provide an attachment for the bits of planes, whereby the bit can be adjusted back and forth and set it at any desired angle without having to remove the bit from the plane-stock.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of a bit embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is an inverted view of the same.

A represents the lower or bearing plate, which has the lug B formed on the lower side of its outer end, and in which the adjusting-screw C is swiveled. This screw will be of any desired length, and is used to adjust the bit and the plate placed upon its top back, and forth in relation to the plate A. Through this plate A is made a vertical slot, D, of any desired length, and through which passes the screw-bolt E. This screw-bolt E has an enlarged perforated head upon its lower end, for the adjusting-screw to pass through, and receives a thumb screw or nut, F, upon its upper end, for the purpose of clamping the parts of the attachment tightly against the bit. The bit G also has a slot cut through it; but it need not necessarily be as wide nor as long as the one which is cut through the plate A. Through this slot is passed the bolt and the set-screw H, which secures the bit and the top plate, I, together. This top plate, I, and the bit are secured rigidly together by means of this set-screw, for the purpose of causing them to move together when the adjusting-screw is turned. The top plate may either rest solidly upon the bit, or it may be made in the form of a spring, as may be desired. Through the outer end of the bit is passed a nut or bushing, J, through which is passed the set-screw L. By means of this set-screw L the bit can be set at any desired angle in relation to the part A. Secured to the under side of the bearing-plate A is a suitable bracket, O, to rest on the top of the plane-stock when made of wood.

By means of the construction here shown and described, the bit may be adjusted back and forth without having to remove the parts from the plane.

I am aware that a slotted bit has been adjusted by means of screw-rods and nuts, which project up from the side of the body of the plane, and which rods have a connecting-plate passed over them, so as to bear against the outer end of the bit, and thus feed it forward, and this I disclaim. My invention differs from this in having the adjusting-screw swiveled directly upon the bearing-plate A, and which is made to adjust the bit by means of a screw-bolt which passes through the plate placed upon the top of the bit and the bit itself.

Having thus described my invention, I claim —

1. In a plane, the combination of the plate A, which is attached to the under side of the bit, with the inclined bracket O, which is secured to the under side of the plate, substantially as shown.

2. The combination of the bearing-plate A, which is secured to the under side of the bit G, and which plate is provided with the slot D, with the swiveled adjusting-screw C, which is attached at its outer end to the plate A, the screw-bolt E, which passes through the slots in the bit, the bit provided with the slot for the bolt to pass through, and the plate placed upon the bit, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with the bit, of a nut or bushing which is passed through its outer end, and the set-screw which is passed through the nut or bushing for the purpose of adjusting the inclination of the bit, substantially as specified.

4. The combination of the bearing-plate provided with a slot, the slotted bit, the set-screw, the plate which is placed upon the top of the bit, the screw-bolt which passes through both of the plates and the bit, the adjusting-screw for moving the bit back and forth, and the set-screw for regulating the angle at which the bit is placed, substantially as shown.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

FORTUNE LEWIS BAILEY.

Witnesses:
MARCUS B. CHADWICK,
LEVI W. WHITE.

No. 285,546 – Bench-Plane (Leonard Bailey) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”342″]285546

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

LEONARD BAILEY, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 285,546, dated September 25, 1883.
Application filed July 11, 1883. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEONARD BAILEY, of Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, whereby a person skilled in the art can make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

Like letters in the figures indicate the same parts.

Figure 1 is a plan view of the upper side of the plane in a line at right angles to the plane of the iron parts broken away. Fig. 2 is a side view of a plane having my improvement. Fig. 3 is a view in central vertical longitudinal section of same on line x x of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a view in cross-section on plane denoted by line y y of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a detail bottom view of my improved clamp. Fig. 6 is a detail side view of same.

My invention relates to the class of devices used for holding the cutting-iron of a plane in place in the body in such manner as to allow of the ready adjustment of the iron lengthwise in the usual manner.

It consists in the special combination and arrangement ofthe parts making up the clamping device, and in the method of fastening it in the plane-body.

In the accompanying drawings, the letter a denotes the plane-body as a whole, formed of any ordinary material, as iron; b and c, handles for grasping and using the plane; d, a cutting-iron of ordinary form arranged upon a bed, e, so as to be protruded from the usual mortise, f, by means of any slow-motion device, as a series of intermeshing cog-wheels, g, operated by means of the thumb-screw h.

There is nothing new or original with me in the parts described thus far, and no further description is needed for one skilled in making or using planes.

In the style shown the plane-body a is of iron, with the upright side flanges, a’ a”, and on the inner side of each of these danges the corresponding mortises, k k’, are made substantially parallel in direction with the plane of the cutting-iron, and a short distance above or in front of its upper surface.

The letter l denotes the clamp-plate, having the foot l’, adapted to bear upon the face of the cutting-iron, or on the cap-iron d’, placed just over and upon it, and having arranged upon its under side, just in front of a transverse shoulder, the laterally-projecting arm m, adjustably attached to the clamp-plate by means of the screw n. This arm is so arranged that its opposite ends fit into and move in the mortises in the flanges, and form the fulcrum on which the clamp works in fastening the irons in place. In the upper end of the clamp-plate is placed a clamp, o, consisting of a shaft, o’, which is rotarily secured with its lower end bearing upon the cutting-iron about on its center line, and bears the lever p, which extends beyond the edges of the clamp-plate, and operates in connection with the face-cam r on its under side.

The particular object of my invention is to secure a firm and even bearing for the foot of the clamp upon the irons under it, to provide simple means for regulating the pressure of the clamp at will, and yet have it constant for any given set of irons, and have all the requisite parts simple in form, combination, and operation.

The arm m is loosely attached to the clamp-plate, so that the foot of the latter may find a bearing for its whole length on the iron under it, and the ends of the arm at the same time bear upon the sides of the mortises when the clamp-plate is clamped.

The clamp-plate and arm may be connected, so that the arm will tilt or work by means of a rivet or short bolt; but I prefer to use the screw herein shown and described, as I can then adjust the amount of pressure put upon the parts in clamping the irons in place, and vary it as the parts wear, or for different irons adapted to the same body.

In the drawings the clamp is shown as locked; but it is unlocked by turning the lever about ninety degrees to the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1, as this allows the shaft to slip upward through the clamp as the lever moves along the cam. By pulling straight back, the clamp may be removed as the arms slide out of the mortises. By means of the screw n the arm is raised or lowered with respect to the clamp-plate and the binding force of the shaft-lever and cam is adjusted.

I am aware that clamp-plates bearing cam devices for fastening the irons in place are not new, and these I do not broadly claim.

I claim as my invention —

1. In combination, the plane-body having the side flanges with inward-facing mortises, and the clamp-plate bearing the loosely-attached arin, adapted to operate in said mortises and the clamp, all substantially as described.

2. In combination, the mortised plane-body, the clamp-plate bearing the adjustable arm attached thereto by the centrally-located screw, and having the face-cam, and the rotary shaft bearing the lever operating on said cam, all substantially as described.

3. In combination, in a plane having the lateral mortises or bearings, the clamp-iron bearing the loosely-connected arm arranged transversely of the clamp-iron, and adjacent to the arm, the shoulder, or its equivalent, whereby the arm is held against rotation, all substantially as described.

LEONARD BAILEY.

Witnesses:
CHAS. L. BURDETT,
E. F. DIMOCK.