Tag: Ellis H. Morris

No. 112,949 – Improvement In Molding-Planes (Ellis H. Morris) (1871)

[paiddownloads id=”182″]112949

United States Patent Office.

ELLIS H. MORRIS, OF CANTON, OHIO.

Letters Patent No. 112,949, dated March 21, 1871.
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IMPROVEMENT IN MOLDING-PLANES.

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The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELLIS H. MORRIS, of Canton, in the county of Stark and State of Ohio, have invented a new and valuable Improvement in Molding-Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description ofthe construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawing making a part of this specifcation and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon.

Figure 1 of the drawing is a top view of my plane;
Figure 2 is a side elevation, with the side plate removed;
Figure 3 is a vertical transverse section;
Figure 4 is a bottom view; and Figures 5, 6, and 7 are details.

My invention has relation to an improvement in planes; and It consists in providing a plane-stock with an adjustable face, capable of being molded or shaped to suit a plow-bit of any form; also, in attaching to the plane-stock an adjustable extension-gauge, designed to enable the bit to be run at any desired distance from the edge of a board or panel, as hereinafter described.

The letter A of the drawing designates my plane-stock, which may be similar in its external form to the ordinary plane-stocks in common use. The under side of the stock is channeled or excavated from side to side to receive the thin vertical sections which constitute the adjustable face of the stock.

B B represent elongated recesses or ways extending up into the body of the plane-stock, from the channel at the base, at an angle of forty-live degrees, or corresponding to the angle of the bit. These recesses serve to receive the offsets from the face-sections, presently to he described. Usually I make one of these recesses in front of the throat of the plane, and two in rear thereof.

C designates the adjustable face of my plane-stock. This is composed of two sets of thin vertical strips d, running in the direction of the length of the plane-stock. One set of these strips is situated in front ot the bit and the other is placed in rear, following the bit.

Each strip of the first set is provided with an offset or guiding-arm, e, which extends upward and backward at an angle of forty-five degrees, or parallel to the bit, into the recess B.

Each stern e is provided with a projection, h, at its upper forward corner, which is designed to engage with a stop, k, in the wall of the recess. The arm e is arranged to slide up and down in its recess, the distance to which it can descend being regulated by the position of the stop it and the projection h.

Each strip of the second or rear set is provided with two guiding-arms f f’, extending upward and rearward, parallel to the arm of the strip in front of the bit, which immediately precedes it.

The forward arm f’ of the rear strip is without a stop, and slides in a recess formed in the rear wall or the throat of the stock.

The rear arm f is similar to tue arm e ofthe forward strip, being provided with a projection, and arranged to engage with a stop in the wall of its recess which limits the descent of the strip. These stops k are placed in the recesses in such a position that they will allow the strips to descend as far as the lowest point of any one of the ordinary plow-bits in use.

These strips or sections d are usually made thin, in order that they may conform as closely as possible to the configuration of the edge of the bit. The face-edge of each strip is transversely rounded, or beveled on each side.

D D represent set-screws, passing through the wall of the plane-stock, and serving to secure the strips in their relative position to each other and to the bit after they have been properly adjusted and molded in form.

E represents my bit, which is provided with a means of shaping the adjustable face of the stock to suit its cutting-edge.

This consists of a notch or indentation, a, formed in its upper edge, and corresponding precisely in shape with the edge of the bit, with the exception that the general curve or profile is reversed and flatter.

The face-sections having been adjusted out to fill the mold the set-screws are tightened, and the strips thereby rigidly secured in position.

The bit and wedge are now inserted in the throat of the plane-stock, and, having been properly adjusted, the tool is ready for operation.

This stock, with its adjustable face, may be used with a stationary gauge, but usually I prefer to attach to it my extension-gauge, as follows:

At the base of the exterior wall of the stock, on the left or inner side, is formed a projecting ledge, G, which extends usually the entire length of the stock.

At the forward end a circular projection is raised, which serves as a bearing for the inner end of the extension-bar H.

A slot, l, traverses longitudinally the rear portion of the ledge G.

The under side of the ledge G is recessed at v v, on each side of the slot l, to receive the flanches of the nut n.

K represents a clamp-screw, by means of which the inner end of the extension-bar H’ is pivoted to the ledge G. The end of this clamp-screw passes through the slot l, and, engaging with the square nut iz, serves to hx the bar H’ in any desired position.

The bars H and H’ cross each other, and are pivoted together at about their middle portions by the pivot r. The outer end of the bar H is bent downward in order to bring it on a level with the outer end of the bar H’.

Z represents the movable gauge-bar. The upper and inner corner of this bar is recessed at s to receive the ledge G, thus permitting the face z’ of the gauge to be brought up close to the bit, when desirable.

The outer end of the bar H’ is pivotcd to the forward end of the gauge-bar Z.

The rear end of the gauge-bar Z is slotted at l’ to receive a clamp-screw, K’, which operates, in conjunction with a nut, n’, to secure the outer end of the bar H at any point of the slot.

The distance to which the gauge can be extended from the bit is regulated by the length of the cross-bars H H’ and the length ofthe slots l l. The gauge-bar, when adjusted at the proper distance from the bit, can be rigidly fixed in that position by means of the clamp-screws K K’.

A plane constructed in this manner is designed to subserve purposes of great importance to cabinet-makers and carpenters. To journeymen especially it will prove a great convenience in the saving that will ensue in transportation, one stock being sufficient for all the bits that they may employ. Carpenters, even of small means, can execute a great variety of moldings, limited only by the number of different bits which they may possess.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. A plane-stock, having an adjustable face, capable of being varied in form to suit bits having differently-shaped cutting-edges, substantially as specified.

2. The combination, with a plane-stock provided with a slotted ledge, G, of the slotted gauge Z, cross-extension arms H H’, and clamps K K, substantially as specified.

3. The combination, with a plane-stock having an adjustable face, of a bit provided with a forming indentation, substantially as specified.

In testimony that I claim the above I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two witnesses.

ELLIS H. MORRIS.

Witnesses:
L. W. JONES,
J. H. LIDDALL.

No. 109,037 – Improvement In Planes (Ellis H. Morris) (1870)

[paiddownloads id=”174″]109037

United States Patent Office.

ELLIS H. MORRIS, OF SALEM, OHIO.

Letters Patent No. 109,037, dated November 8, 1870.
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IMPROVEMENT IN PLANES.

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The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

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To whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELLIS H. MORRIS, of Salem, in the county of Columbiana and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Metallic Planes; and I do declare that the following is a true and accurate description thereof, reference being had to thc accompanying drawing and to the letters of reference marked thereon, and being a part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved plane.
Figure 2 is a plan of the bottom.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal vertical section of the device.

Like letters indicate like parts in each figure.

The nature of this invention relates to an improved construction of metallic planes, whereby greater lightness and strength are secured, with case in operation.

The invention consists in casting the body of the plane with a series of intersecting ribs, covering the entire face, and in the general arrangement of its several parts, as more fuily hereinafter described.

In the drawing —

A represents a thin iron plate, cast with narrow projecting and intersecting ridges, a, on its lower face, and a rib-socket, A’, on its upper surface, which, besides giving the plane-body the necessary rigidity, receives thc handle B at the rear end, secured therein by two or more bevel-screws, b, whose heads are countersunk in the cavities formed by the ridge a.

The central portion of the socket forms the throat c, and in the forward part is secured a knob, C, by which the operator guides the plane.

D is the plane-iron, whose slot, d, extends to the upper end.

E is the cap, resting on the upper or forward face of the iron, to which it is secured by a set-screw, F, threaded in it, passing from the rear side of the iron through the slot d.

G is the wedge, which secures the iron and cap in the throat in the usual manner.

By extending the slot in the iron to its upper end, when I wish to remove it for sharpening, I simply loosen the thumb-screw F, when the iron drops down through the throat. In like manner it is readjusted.

This construction of the body of the plane combines great strength and rigidity with the minimum of weight. The weight of all metallic planes hitherto made has been the principal objection to their use, seconded by their large cost as compared with the wooden plane.

In making such planes, after the bottom is cast it is the custom to level off the face on an iron-planer, and finish on an emery-wheel — an expensive process.

In this, as soon as taken from the sand I put it in a vise and finish the surface with a file, at a tenth of the cost of finishing a plane-face by the other method, as the peculiar arrangement of the intersecting ridges leaves but little metal to be removed in order to face the plane. For the same reason the plane is easier to move on the wood, the diminished area ofthe surface moving in contact with the board reducing the friction in a corresponding ratio.

I do not wish to confine myself to the particular configuration of the face-ridges shown, as the same may be in curved lines, intersecting each other to term any desired geometrical pattern.

I am well aware that cast-iron planes have been made with longitudinal grooves planed in their faces, and therefore disclaim the invention of such.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. The intersecting ridges d on the face of a metallic plane, as described.

2. The arrangement of the handle B, knob C, plane-iron D, cap E, screw F, and wedge G, with the metallic plane-body A, constructed as herein described, and operating as set forth.

ELLIS H. MORRIS.

Witnesses:
MARMADUK WILSON,
SAMUEL HARDMAN.