No. 890,575 – Plane (John L. Pringle) (1908)
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
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JOHN L. PRINGLE, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.
PLANE.
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890,575. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Jun. 9, 1908.
Application filed November 20, 1905. Serial No. 288,128.
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To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, JOHN L. PRINGLE, a subject of the King of Great Britain, and residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and Improved Plane, of which the following is a specification.
My improvement relates to the class of hand tools used for working upon the surface of boards and the like for smoothing or for grooving, or for similar purposes, and the object of my invention is to provide a plane which shall be simple and cheap in construction, few as to the number of parts, and one which may be put to all of the varied uses to which this class of devices are subjected.
One form of device in the use of which the desired object may be attained is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which —
Figure 1 is a perspective view illustrating the bottom and one side of a plane embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a like view looking from the opposite side of the plane. Fig. 3 is an end view showing the bottom gage-sole used as a side gage. Fig. 4 is what may be termed an illustrative view showing the application of my improvement in cutting a tongue on the edge of a board. Fig. 5 is a like view showing the improvement adapted to the formation of a molding. Fig. 6 is a like view showing the improved tool adapted to cut a groove in the edge of a board. Fig. 7 is a like view showing the improved tool as applied to cutting a concaved surface. Fig. 8 is a view illustrating a modified form of the adjustable gage-sole.
In the accompanying drawings the letter a denotes the body or stock of tlie plane, b a knob or handheld at the forward end, and c a handle located at or near the rear end and on the upper surface of the body part in the usual manner. The body part may be constructed of wood or of any other desired material common to tools of this class. The body part is also provided with a depthwise opening d in which the blade or bit e is located. All of these parts may be of any ordinary and well-known construction.
In carrying out my invention I provide a vertically adjustable secondary sole 1 secured preferably to the side part of the body of the plane, and a laterally adjustable gage-sole 2 which is located underneath the body. The sole 1 includes a plate extendin lengthwise of the body part of the plane, this plate being of proper width and thickness for the purposes in hand, and as shown herein, and as ears 4–5 projecting from the upper edge thereof. These ears are provided with slots 6 through which adjusting studs or screws 7 extend for the purpose of holding the plate in any position of vertical adjustment. An opening 8 is also formed through the ear 5 through which cutting tools or blades of various form may project.
The gage-sole 2 has slots 9 extending laterally thereof formed therein, and studs or screws 10 projecting through these slots into the body of the plane serve as a means of securing the shoe in any position of lateral adjustment. The heads of the screws 10 are located well within the slots, the latter being shouldered to receive the head of the screw. These slots 9 are located at equal distances from the ends of the sole so that the latter may be reversed end for end for certain purposes to be hereinafter described.
It will be seen from the above description and the accompanying illustration that by removing the soles 1 and 2 the plane may be used for all the purposes of a smoothing plane or other surfaces. By placing the secondary sole 1 in position and providing the proper cutting blade the plane may serve the purpose of a plow. By placing the gage-sole 2 and adjusting it in proper position laterally on the bottom of the body part with a proper shaped blade in position, the plane may be used to out moldings of different form. By properly adjusting the soles 1 and 2 with respect to each other and using a blade of proper form articles may be formed of curved shape or round.
The gage-sole 2 is provided on one edge with a recess 14 the walls of which are located preferably at right-angles to each other. When this groove is employed what may be termed the horizontally arranged wall 15 will serve as the bottom proper or sole of the plane, in connection, of course, with the secondary sole 1, and the side or vertically arranged wall 16 will form a gage.
The gage-sole 2 is provided with blade recesses 17 and 18. These recesses are formed to receive one side of the blade of a bit when the tool is used for certain purposes. As shown in Fig. 2, the recess 17 covers one side of the cutting edge of a comparatively wide bit, so that the pidane with such bit may be used as a fillister plane.
By adjusting the gage-sole 2 vertically and laterally, as shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings, and also by adjusting the second ary sole 1 it will be seen that the plane is readily adapted for cutting various forms of moldings, the blade 18 being, of course, properly adjusted.
By adjusting the parts as shown in Fig. 4 the device is adapted for cutting a tongue on the edge of a board, the bit 19 having one of the prongs lying within the opening 8 in the vertical guide, and the other prong extending through the shoulder 15, the edges of these being shown projecting as at 20 in Fig. 4. By reversing the gage-sole 2 and moving it to the position shown in Fig. 6 the device may be used for cutting a groove on the edge of a board, the same knife as shown in Fig. 4 being employed, and that point located within the opening in the secondary sole 1 cutting the groove and the other point being located within the recess 18 in the sole 2, as shown in dotted outline in Fig. 6.
If a circular or curved recess is to be reduced then a blade 21, as shown in Fig. 7 of the drawings, may be used, having its cutting edge of proper form, the extreme curved edge of the blade being located just in advance of the sole 1, and the sole 2 being emlployed as a guide.
In order to adapt the sole 2 for vertical adjustment adjusting supports are mounted on the arms 11, these consisting of a sleeve 22 having set screws 23 with wings 24 bearing adjusting screws 25 which engage threaded sockets in the surface of the gage-sole 2. When the gage-sole 2 is used with the recess 14 facing the secondary sole 1, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 4, and 5 of the drawings, the screws 10 may be turned out of the stock a or may be removed entirely. It is also obvious that when the gage-sole 2 is used as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the adjusting screws 25 are not absolutely essential, a though they form a means of support for the projecting edge of the sole.
While the secondary sole 1 has been shown herein as adjustable it is obvious that advantageous results would follow its use in a plane in which it was rigidly secured to the stock without any means of adjustment, but by providing the adjustment I secure all of the advantages present in the late as used in either of the ways mentioned.
In the form of adjustable sole shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the gage-sole is reversed end for end when it is desired to employ the sole as a gage. In Fig. 8 I have adapted this form of the invention so that the sole need not be so reversed when it is to be employed as a gage. In this form of the invention I construct the gage-sole in two parts, a main section 26 and an adjustable section 27. The main section is rovided with a groove 29, and the adjustable section with a shouldered groove 30, a screw 28 to take the place of the screws 10 hereinbefore described for holding the parts in engagement and for holding the sole as a whole in place on the sole or bottom of the plane. It will be seen from this construction that with the parts adjusted as shown in Fig. 8 the device is applicable for the same use as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. By loosening the screw and moving the adjustable section 27 so that the edges are flush, then the sole is adapted for a gage, as illustrated in Fig. 3. It will be noted that the parts 1 and 2 act as soles for the plane, that is, they support the plane in a direction depthwise thereof, the secondary sole 1 supporting the plane when grooves, tongues and the like are being cut, and the gage-sole in connection with the secondary sole supporting the plane as when moldings, and rabbets are cut. It will be noted that when either of the soles 1 and 2 are employed the sole proper of the plane is not in use, the latter mainly being employed when the plane is used as an ordinary surface plane.
I claim:
1. A stock having a bit opening and adapted for use as a surface plane, a secondary sole secured to the side surface of said stock and adjustable depthwise to project below the main sole thereof, and a gage-sole underlying said main sole and adjustable laterally thereof, both of said secondary and gage-soles having openings for the bit and adapted to cooperate therewith in the cutting operation.
2. A stock having a bit opening and adapted for use as a surface plane, a secondary sole secured to the side surface of said stock and adjustable depthwise to project below the sole thereof, a age-sole underlying the main sole and lateragy adjustable thereof, and means for securing the latter sole directly to the under surface of the stock, both of said secondary and gage-soles having openings for a bit to cooperate therewith in the cutting operation.
3. A stock having a bit opening adapted for use as a surface plane, a secondar sole secured to the side surface of the stock and adjustable depthwise to project below the main sole thereof, a reversible gage-sole underlying the said main sole, means for securing said sole in position, both of said secondary and gage-soles having bit openings to cooperate with the bit in the cutting operation.
4. A stock having a bit opening and adapted for use as a surface plane, a secondary sole secured to the side surface of the stock and adjustable depthwise to project below the main sole thereof, a reversible gage-sole underderlying said main sole and adjustable laterally thereof, means for securing said gage-sole directly to the bottom of the stock, both of said secondary and gage-soles having openings for a bit to cooperate therewith in the cutting operation.
5. A stock having a bit opening and adapted for use as a surface plane, a secondary sole secured to the side surface of the stock and adjustable depthwise thereof to project below its main sole, a gage-sole underlying the stock and adjustable vertically and laterally thereof, and means for adjustably securing said gage-sole directly to the under surface of the stock, both of said secondary and main soles having bit openings to cooperate therewith in the cutting operation.
6. A stock having a bit opening, and adapted for use as a surface plane, a secondary sole secured to the side surface thereof and adjustable depthwise to project below its main sole, a gage-sole underlying the stock and vertically and laterally adjustable thereof, means for adjustably securing said sole directly to the under surface of the stock and including slots for the reception of screws and recesses for the reception of the heads thereof, screws for securing said soles, each of said secondary and main soles having openings for a bit to cooperate therewith in the cutting operation.
7. A stock having a bit opening and adapted for use as a surface plane, a secondary sole secured directly to the side surface and adjustable deipthvvise to project below the main sole thereo, a reversible gage-sole underlying the stock and adjustable vertically and laterally thereof, and means for securing said sole directly to the main sole of the stock, both of said secondary and main soles having openings for the bit to cooperate therewith in the cutting operation.
8. A stock having a bit opening and adapted for use as a surface plane, a secondary sole secured to the side surface of the stock and adjustable depthwise to project below the main sole thereof, a gage-sole underlying the stock and reversible thereon and vertically and laterally adjustable thereof , slots in said sole for the reception of screws and recesses for the heads thereof, and screws for securing said sole directly to said main sole, both of said secondary and main soles having openings for a bit to cooperate therewith in the cutting operation.
JOHN L. PRINGLE.
Witnesses:
ARTHUR B. JENKINS,
LENA E. BERKOVITCH.
