Tag: Lowell

No. 371,482 – Bench-Plane (Eamor A. Teed And Frank B. Low) (1887)

[paiddownloads id=”425″]371482

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

EAMOR A. TEED, OF LOWELL, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO JOEL A. BARTLETT,
OF CHELMSFORD, AND FRANK B. LOW, OF LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 371,482, dated October 11, 1887.
Application filed March 12, 1887. Serial No. 230,651. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EAMOR A. TEED, a citizen of the United States, residing at Lowell, in the county of Middlesex and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to bench-planes; and it consists in the means, hereinafter described, whereby the stock of the plane may in effect be lengthened to enable one plane to serve the purpose of one or more planes of greater length than the plane to which the improvement is applied.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is an isometric perspective view of a plane with my improvement applied thereto; Fig. 2, an isometric perspective view of my improvement detached; Fig. 3, a vertical cross section on the line x x in Fig. 5; Fig. 4, a central longitudinal section of the rear part of the plane proper and the rear part of my improvement; Fig. 5, a central vertical section of my improvement and a side elevation of the plane.

The improvement, hereinafter described, may be applied to any so-called “iron bench-plane” — that is, a bench-plane having an iron stock — and is here shown as used in connection with a “Bailey smooth-plane,” the construction of which is well known and needs no particular description.

lt is sufficient to say that A represents the stock, a the plane-iron, and H H’ the plane-handles.

The only change that requires to be made in the plane proper to enable my improvement to be applied to it is to form two grooves, a’, one on each side of the stock leading from near the point of the same to said point, and providing the handle H’ with a depression, h, for purposes hereinafter stated.

My improvement consists of a shoe, S, which in general appearance is like the bottom and sides of the stock, but longer, and provided with an opening, s, through the bottom of the same, of a shape and size adapted to receive and fit the sole of the stock A. The shoe S is provided with pins s’, (shown in Figs. 2, 3,and 5,) adapted to enter the grooves a’ and to fit the same, and is also provided with a vertical post, s2, arranged in the rear of the slot s, which vertical post supports an inclined screw, s3, the head s4 of which is preferably milled to enable it to be turned readily by the fingers, the point of said screw entering the depression h, above mentioned as being formed in the handle H’, to prevent the rear end of the plane from rising out of the slot s. The relative positions of the grooves a’, pins s’, screw s3, and depression h, are such as to hold the sole of the stock A and the bottom of the shoe S in the same plane, the rear ends of the grooves a’ being at the same height above the sole of the stock as the pins s’ are above the bottom of the shoe, and the deepest part of the depression h fitting the point of the screw s3 and being at the same height above the sole of the stock as the point of said screw, when turned into said depression, is above the bottom of the shoe. The depression h, instead of being made directly in the wood of the handle, is preferably made in the head of a metallic screw, h’, driven into the handle against the screw h2, which secures the handle H’ to the detachable face-plate.

The plane is inserted in the shoe-point first and pushed forward until the pins s’ reach the rear ends of the grooves a’, and the rear of the plane is then depressed until the lower surfaces of the stock A and the shoe S are in the same plane. loosening the screw s3 the rear end of the plane may be lifted out of the slot s, and the stock being then drawn backward is disengaged from the shoe.

By means of the improvement above described a common smooth-plane can be used with the shoe as a fore-plane or jointer, and the expense of such a shoe is trifling compared with the cost of a plane, and the time required to apply or remove the shoe is of no importance.

I claim as my invention —

1. A shoe provided with a slot adapted to receive a plane-stock and means, substantially as described, of holding the bottom of said shoe in the same plane with the bottom of said stock, as and for the purpose specified.

2. The combination of the plane having a handle, and having a stock provided with grooves near its point, and a shoe slotted to receive said stock, and having inwardly-projecting pins adapted to enter and fits said grooves, and having a post, a screw turning in said-post and thrusting into a depression with which said handle is provided to hold the lower surfaces of said stock and shoe in the same plane, as and for the purpose specified.

EAMOR A. TEED.

Witnesses:
ALBERT M. MOORE,
EDWARD W. THOMPSON.

Corrections in Letters Patent No. 371,482.

It is hereby certified that the name of one of the assignees in Letters Patent No. 371,482, granted October 11, 1887, upon the application of Eamor A. Teed, of Lowell, Massachusetts, for an improvement in “Bench-Planes,” was erroneously written and printed “Frank B. Low,” whereas said name should have been written and printed Frank B. Dow. Also that errors appear in the printed specification requiring correction as follows: In line 75, page 1, the word “face-plate” should read shoe and in line 76, same page, the hyphen between the words “shoe” and “point” should be stricken out; and that the Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed, countersigned, and sealed this 8th day of November, A. D. 1887.

[SEAL.]

D. L. HAWKINS,
Acting Secretary of the Interior.

Countersigned:
R. B. VANCE,
Acting Commissioner of Patents.

No. 165,704 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Charles Bridges) (1875)

[paiddownloads id=”247″]165704

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHARLES BRIDGES, OF LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 165,704, dated July 20, 1875; application filed March 20, 1875.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES BRIDGES, of Lowell, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification:

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 represents a top view of my improved plane-stock with handle detached; Fig. 2, a vertical longitudinal section of the plane; Fig. 3, a vertical transverse section of the same on line c c, Fig. 2; Fig. 4, a side view of my extension plane-iron detached; and Fig. 5, a detail side view of the wedge-connection of plane-stock and handle, partly in section, on line x x, Fig. 3.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

The invention will first be fully described, and then pointed out in the claims.

In the drawing, A represents a metallic plane-stock, with throat or slot for the cutter or extension plane-iron B, that is seated on a lateral front ridge, a, and on a central recess, b, of the circular rear partition A’ of the stock. The extension plane-iron B is guided with its narrower rear end or stem in a flanged and slotted shank part, C, being attached thereto by a clamp-screw, d, in such a manner that as the plane-iron is gradually worn out two or more screw-holes, d’, of the front top plate of shank G may be used to secure the iron and extend the same toward the throat. The rear part G’ of shank C is made in the nature of a screw socket or nut for the adjusting screw-bolt D, that is seated by collar e and a thumb-piece, f in the recess b of the rear partition of the stock, producing by the turning of the screw-bolt the forward or backward traveling of the plane-iron. The plane-iron is thus supported in a very simple, substantial, and convenient manner in the plane-stock, without a chance of moving forward or backward, or changing the set of the screw in case the plane is dropped. The plane-iron is instantly placed in the stock and guided exactly into its place, being also readily adjusted to any thickness of shavings by the screw-bolt. The cutter-edge can be squared to the throat or face of the plane by moving the screw slightly to the right or left in the recess of the partition, which is made wide enough for this purpose. The plane-stock A is provided at the sides with projecting wedge-pieces g, and below the same, at the bottom, with inclined ribs g’. The handle part E is made of hollow cast metal to fit the palm of the hand, and bears, by an extension front flange, h, and the plane-iron, and by its sides and rear part, on the sides and rear partition of the plane-stock. To a central socket, i, at the interior part of handle E, is applied, by an adjustable set-screw, i’, a lateral arm-piece, F, that is guided, by recessed side lugs l, along vertical guide-ribs l’ of the handle, according as the arm-piece is adjusted higher or lower in the cavity of the handle. The arms of the arm-piece F extend below the sides of handle E, and are grooved to slide on the wedge-pieces g of the plane-stock, and come, by end lugs m, in contact with the bottom ribs g’ of the same. The arm-piece F is adjusted in such a manner that when the handle is slid forward on the plane-stock, the wedge-pieces and bottom ribs bind rigidly on the ends of the arm-piece, define the position of the handle, and seat the rear part of the handle exactly on the circular rear partition of the stock. The thumb-piece of the lengthening screw-bolt is then turned up, and thereby the handle securely locked to the plane-iron and stock, so that no detaching during use is possible. The plane-iron, being thus entirely within the handle, is not liable to the accidents occurring frequently in metallic planes-namely, the driving forward of the cutter, by a hard blow or fall, into the throat of the stock, on which it acts like a wedge, bursting the throat and spoiling the plane. The plane-iron is, furthermore, entirely out of the way of the hand, and is far more convenient to use, regulate, and handle. The plane forms one compact and solid body without any parts that are likely to be injured, and offers the greatest facility for being handled and adjusted.

The above-described invention has reference more particularly to my Patent No. 157,438, granted December 8, 1874, on which I esteem it to be a decided improvement.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

1. The combination of plane-iron B, having narrow rear shank, the holder C, having a slot to receive said shank, and the swiveled screw D f, working in a threaded socket of said holder, as and for the purpose described.

2. The combination of stock A, having wedge-pieces g g on the sides, and ribs g’ g’ on the bottom, with hollow handle E, having socket i, the screw i’, and the arm F, having lugs l, as and for the purpose specified.

CHARLES BRIDGES.

Witnesses:
CHAS. F. HOWE,
DEXTER SYMONDS.

No. 157,438 – Improvement In Block-Planes (Charles Bridges) (1874)

[paiddownloads id=”235″]157438

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHARLES BRIDGES, OF LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN BLOCK-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 157,438, dated December 8, 1874; application filed July 28, 1873.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES BRIDGES, of Lowell, in the county of Middlesex and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented certain Improvements in Block-Planes, of which the following is a specification:

My invention relates to a metallic block-plane; and consists, first, in the shape of the handle, and, second, in the means of securing said handle and the plane-iron to the stock, as hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a general section of my improved plane. Fig. 2 is a rear view of the same. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the handle, slotted wedge-plate, post, and inclined cap; and Fig. 4 is a view ofthe handle, slightly modied, and another form of wedge-plate.

A is the metallic stock, having the top of its sides parallel with the bottom thereof, and having an upright post, C, cast in one piece with it. Upon the top of said post is cast a cap, E, the under side of which cap inclines toward the throat. The plane-iron herein used is the ordinary slotted plane-iron F. The post C and cap E are passed up through the broad part of the slot in the plane-iron F, and said iron rests upon the beveled side of the throat, and upon a partition, L, which runs across the stock A, in the usual manner, back of said post C.

The plate I is just wide enough to fll the space between the sides of the stock, is nearly twice as long as broad, has straight parallel sides, is straight in front and rounded out behind, and has in the middle a longitudinal slot wide enough at its front end to allow the cap E to pass up through the plate; but the rest of the slot is only wide enough to admit the post C below said cap. On each side of the narrow part of said slot are cast wedges D, which have the thin end in front. Said plate I is turned up about three-eighths of an inch in front, and is secured to the handle B by screws passing through the ends of said plate.

The top of the handle B is curved backward from the front of said wedge-plate I to the back of the same, its greatest elevation being near the back of said handle. The base of said handle is shaped like said wedge-plate, but is wider. The sides of the base of said handle are parallel with, directly over, and nearly touch the top edges of the stock A. The handle above its base is broader than the stock, the sides and top of said handle being convex, so that said sides project beyond the stock. The plate I makes such an angle with the bottom of said handle that, when the handle is in the position described, said plate lies flat on the plane-iron F.

From the above description it will be seen that driving the handle forward crowds the wedges D on the plate I under the cap E, and holds the plane-iron F in place.

The transverse partition J, immediately in front of the throat, is commonly used as a finger-rest; but for this purpose I use the hollow panel G in the space between said partition and the rim at the front end of the stock.

A modification of my invention is shown in Fig. 4, consisting of the handle B’ and wedge-plate I’ cast in one piece, and connected at the sides, and also by the post N’, which stands above the plate, and is divided where it joins said plate on each side of the wedges D’. This plate I’ is like a piece of the plate I shown in Figs. 1 and 3, cut out around the wedges. The handle B’, Fig. 4, is brought down in front, so as to fill the space above the plane-iron, in order to bear upon said iron. In all other respects the handle, plate, and wedges shown in Fig. 4 are like those already described.

The advantages of my invention are, that the handle offers a continuous curved surface to the hand; that its sides, projecting beyond the stock, enable it to be firmly and readily grasped; that, being entirely closed, it does not catch dust and shavings, and that the plane-iron is very easily removed or placed in position.

I claim as my invention —

1. The handle B, as and for the purpose herein shown and described.

2. The combination of the handle B, the wedge-plate I, having the wedges D, the post C, the cap E, the slotted plane-iron F, and the stock A, as and for the purpose herein specified.

CHARLES BRIDGES.

Witnesses:
ALBERT M. MOORE,
IRVING S. PORTER.

No. 17,951 – Joiner’s Plane (Thomas D. Worrall) (1857)

[paiddownloads id=”50″]17951

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

THOS. D. WORRALL, OF LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

JOINER’S PLANE.

_________________

Specification of Letters Patent No. 17,951, dated August 4, 1857.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOS. D. WORRALL, of Lowell, Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

The nature of my invention consists in certain devices for securing and regulating the bits in planes, the peculiarities of which will be hereinafter fully described.

In order that others skilled in the art may manufacture and use my invention I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

In the accompanying drawings which make a part of this specification Figure 1 is a side elevation showing its internal arrangement in dotted lin. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the bit. Fig. 3 is a view of the cap. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the bottom of the clamp lever. Fig. 5 is a top view of said lever.

In Fig. 1 (A) is the body or stock of the plane. B is a strap attached to the back of the bit — having a screw in its upper extremity — its lower extremity being in the form of a T. (G) is the bit secured to the T strap by means of screws (n n’) seen in Fig. 2. H is the cap having a slot in it as seen in Fig. 3, and secured to the bit by means of a screw (m), said cap being concave as seen in Fig. 1. (D) is a rest attached to the top of the plane. (C) is a clamp lever, being pivoted at (i) and having a slot in its upper extremity (o) seen in this figure being one of the arms of said slot. (F) is a nut, working on the screw on the end of T strap (B), said nut having a groove in it, the groove fitting in the slot on the end of lever C. (E) is a screw passing through rest (D) and serving to operate lever (C).

Fig. 2 represents the bit, (n, n) being screws through it for the purpose of adjusting the T strap, as the plane bit wears. As the bit wears away the screws (n’ and n) may be removed; also, screws (m). Then after slipping the bit down (n’) will enter the place occupied by (n). (n) will occupy hole (x) and m will occupy the hole (n). In this manner I may use a suflicient number of holes and wear the bit entirely up, which cannot be done in the ordinary plane secured with strap.

Fig. 4 shows the bottom of clamp lever C — the T arms of lever C slip in between jaws (a) and slide on flanges (c), being clamped by said flanges when the lever is operated above by means of screw (E).

Fig. 5 shows a top view of the clamp lever with its slot for receiving the tap or nut (F).

In operating this plane the bit is first secured to the T strap, then the cap may be adjusted to its proper position on the bit, and the strap inserted into position in the plane stock — the lower extremity of the T strap enters the jaws of clamp lever C and its arms slide on, and are secured by flanges (c) — the groove in nut (F) being adjusted in slot into top of lever C the screw (E) is operated and the bit firmly secured.

The advantages of clamp lever C are very readily perceived (the lever may be made any desired or convenient length and the power obtained by it may be very great) for there is no known process by which a plane bit may be so securely bedded as by this — this lever operates upon the bit at two important points for bedding it — it draws the bit in at the bottom, with the power, and in a manner that can be done by no other means. The easy adjustment of the plane by means of lever C and screw (E) gives it advantages not possessed by other planes.

Having thus fully described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is —

I claim —

The employment of the clamp lever C for securing and bedding the bit, in the manner herein fully set forth and described.

In testimony whereof I hereunto set my hand.

THOS. D. WORRALL.

Witnesses:
C. M. ALEXANDER,
JOHNS HOLLINGSHEAD.

No. 18,312 – Attaching Adjustable Handles To Joiner’s Planes (Thomas D. Worrall) (1857)

[paiddownloads id=”68″]18312

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

THOS. D. WORRALL, OF LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

METHOD OF ATTACHING ADJUSTABLE HANDLES TO JOINERS’ PLANES.

_________________

Specification of Letters Patent No. 18,312, dated September 29, 1857.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOS. D. WORRALL, of Lowell, Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Movable and Adjustable Handles for Molding-Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

The nature of my invention consists in certain devices for attaching and adjusting the handles on molding planes, the peculiarities of which will be hereinafter described.

In order that others skilled in the art may manufacture and use my invention I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

In the accompanying drawings which make a part of this specification Figure 1 is a side elevation. Fig. 2 is a plan view of plate, D, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a view showing the slotted face of rectangular strap C. Fig. 4 is view of the nut, button and screw, for attaching plate D to the stock or wood part of the plane.

In Fig. 1 A is the stock or body of the plane, (B), is the handle, (D), is a slotted cap plate, resting on the top of the plane as seen in this figure. (C), is a rectangular strap of metal, the handle (D), being attached to one arm, the other extending several inches in front of the handle, is slotted, as seen in Fig. 4. (F), is a nut, with jaws as seen in Fig. 3. (G), is a button on the back of nut (F). (E), is a thumb screw passing through plate (D), and entering nut (F) as seen in Fig. 3.

Fig. 2 represents the slotted plate (D), (B), is a square shaft, passing through slot in strap C, (c), is a screw on the end of shaft b. Nut (a) in Fig. 1 passes over this screw and attaches plate (D), to strap (C).

In attaching this handle to planes, I first cut a groove in the top of the plane and a mortise in the side, the groove and mortise meeting form a T-shaped slot. The nut, F, fits in the body of this slot and the flanges formed by the projecting of the button beyond the sides of the nut fit in the arms of the slot. Plate D fits on top of the plane, between the arms, or jaws of nut, F, and over the slot, screw, E, passes through the slot in cap plate, D, and enters the nut, F, and secures the handle firmly to the plane. By means of the slot in cap plate D, the handle may be made to assume the position seen in Fig. 1 or strap, C, may lit up snugly against the plane as is the general manner of using it.

Strap C it will be seen is slotted for the purpose of adjusting the handle, elevating or lowering it as circumstances or convenience may require; the handle when placed at any desired position may be secured by means of the nut, (a). This adaptation of the handle to the top or bottom of the plane is particularly desirable in some instances. If the bit is set for cutting a very thin shaving the handle may be at the top or above the top of the plane, but if set for cutting a heavy shaving the handle should be as low as possible in order to have the power in a line with the work, so that the plane will not tilt but move steadily.

One of the chief advantages of my movable handle is that it does away with the necessity of making handle to my planes. They may thereby be aiforded at a much cheaper rate. This handle is so easily adjusted on the plane that but little time will be consumed in changing from one to the other.

Having thus fully described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is —

1. I claim the combination and arrangement of cap plate D, screw E, nut F, and T slot o, in the plane for the purpose of providing and securing a movable handle to planes.

2. I claim the arrangement of cap plate D, slotted strap C, and screw a, for the purpose of adjusting the handle vertically when desired by the operator as set forth and described.

THOS. D. WORRALL.

Witnesses:
C. M. ALEXANDER,
JOHN S. HOLLINGSHEAD.

No. 46,614 – Improvement In Bench Planes (Wing H. Taber) (1865)

[paiddownloads id=”106″]46614

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WING H. TABER, OF LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNEE TO HIMSELF AND THOMAS H. ABBOTT, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT lN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 46,614, dated February 28, 1865.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WING H. TABER, of Lowell, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Bench-Planes; and I do hereby declare the same to be fully described in the following specification and represented in the accompanying drawings, of which —

Figure 1 is a top view, Fig. 2 a side elevation, and Fig. 3 a longitudinal section, of a bench-plane provided with my invention. Flg. 4 is a top view of the furcated lever of the mechanism for fastening the plane-iron in place in the stock and on the adjustable bed. Fig. 5 is a front view of the said adjustable bed.

The nature of my invention or improvement consists in the combination as well as in the arrangement of an adjustable bed, and a mechanism, as hereinafter described, for fastening the plane iron in place in the stock and on the said bed, the parts of the said combination being arranged as hereinafter described, and the object or purpose of such invention being to enable the slant or inclination of the plane-iron to be varied in order to vary the width or size of the shaving-mouth at the cutting edge of the plane iron, and thus adapt the plane to the cutting of either thick or thin shavings from a piece of wood or article while being planed.

In the drawings, A denotes the plane-stock, provided with a throat, a, and a plane-iron, B, the latter having a cap iron or plate, C.

The plane iron rests on the lower part, b, of the throat a, and also on an adjustable bearing or bed, G, which is formed as shown in Figs. 3 and 5, screws into the stock, and is arranged in an inclined position, as exhibited in Fig. 3.

By taking hold of the head c of the bed or bearing G, and revolving the bearing, we can either screw it more of less into the stock, so as to vary the distance of the top of the head from the upper surface of the stock.

In advance of the bearing G there is a screw, D, which goes through the plane-iron and its cap-iron, and is screwed into the stock. A forked lever, E, clasps the shank of the screw D, and directly underneath the head d thereof, and has a screw, F, screwed through it and against the cap-iron G, the lower end of the said lever E being in contact with the cap-iron.

The adjustable fulcrum-screw D, the furcated lever E, and the screw F, constitute the mechanism for fastening the plane-iron in the stock or in the latter and to the bearing G. This fastening mechanism I do not claim as my invention by itself, or irrespective of the adjustable bearing G.

By the use of the said fastening mechanism no wedge is required to hold the plane in the stock. Consequently there will be no danger of splitting the stock, such as is incident to the wedge. The adjustable bearing G enables the shaving-mouth to be increased or diminished, as circumstances may require, and is also advantageous in other respects.

I lay no claim to the invention ofthe mechanism as above described for fastening the plane iron in the stock, such mechanism consisting of the screw D, the lever E, and the screw F, arranged with respect to the plane-stock and the plane iron or irons as described. Nor do I claim an adjustable bed as combined with stationary supports of the plane-iron, and constituting with them a means of confining the said plane-iron in its place in the stock, the same being as shown in Asahel G. Batchelder’s application for a patent filed in United States Patent Office on or about the 3d day of July, A. D. 1857, and subsequently rejected. My invention not only differs from those above cited as well in the structure as in the arrangement of its parts, but possesses one or more advantages not incident to them. In other words, while it retains all those of the fastening mechanism above mentioned, it has another which results from the adjustable bed not being required to be revolved in order to effect the fastening of the iron in the stock to be varied, such angle being for all practical purposes constant in the said Batchelder’s plane. I thus have the double advantage of not only varying the angle of inclination of the plane-iron, but of being capable of so springing the iron as to vary the breadth of the shaving-mouth of the throat as circumstances may require.

I claim —

1. The combination of the adjustable bed or bearing G, the screws F and D, and the lever E, the whole being arranged with respect to the plane-iron and the stock substantially as specifed.

2. The arrangement of the adjustable bed G, with the fulcrum-screw D, the lever E, the screw F, the plane-iron B, and its bearing b, arranged at the lower part of the throat a, as described.

WING H. TABER.

Witnesses:
J. N. MARSHALL,
JOEL A. ABBOTT.

No. 17,657 – Bench Plane (Thomas D. Worrall) (1857)

[paiddownloads id=”47″]17657

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

THOMAS D. WORRALL, OF LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND THOMAS F. CALDICOTT, ASSIGNORS TO THOMAS F. CALDICOTT, OF CHARLESTOWN, MASSACHUSETTS.

PLANE FOR FINISHING GROOVES IN PATTERNS &c.

_________________

Specification of Letters Patent No. 17,657, dated June 23, 1857.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS D. WORRALL, of Lowell, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improved Bench Plane or Jointer; and I do hereby declare that the same is fully described and represented in the following specification and the accompanying drawings, of which —

Figure 1 is a top view of the same. Fig 2 a side elevation o it. Fig. 3 a vertical, central, and longitudinal section of it. Fig. 4 a horizontal section of its cutter holder and clamp.

In these drawings A denotes the body or stock of the plane as made of wood and having a handle B projecting upward from it, such part A generally being about one-half or less than one-half the thickness of stocks for bench planes or jointers as ordinarily made. The said stock is provided with a separate metallic cutter holder C, which is placed on its top and fastened to it by means of screws as seen at a, a. This cutter holder formed as shown in the drawings, is furnished with a slide clamp D, made so as to embrace a dovetailed projection ln, extending from the rear side of the cutter or plane iron E, as shown in the drawings. Such slide is provided with a slot f, for the reception of wedges F, G, which act against one another, the rear end of the slot and a shoulder c formed in the cutter holder. By driving up these wedges the cutter is drawn firmly down upon its seat d, formed in the holder and does not depend on the wood of the plane iron to enable it to be held in place.

By my construction of the plane important advantages are gained. It may be made lighter than ordinary planes of the kind ; its cutter is more firmly held in position ; its devices for clamping the cutter are compact and disposed in convenient positions for the carpenter to operate them as occasion may require. Furthermore, they are well protected both by the handle and the cutter so as not to be liable to be disturbed or disarranged except as occasion may require.

What I claim is —

The improved manufacture of carpenter’s bench plane or jointer as made with its handle, its wooden stock to which said handle is atlixed, and a separate metallic cutter holder, and cutter clamping devices arranged together substantially as specified.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my signature.

THOS. D. WORRALL.

Witnesses:
J. C. DOWNING,
JOHN E. CRANE.

No. 16,805 – Carpenter’s Plane (Oldin Nichols) (1857)

[paiddownloads id=”37″]16805

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

OLDIN NICHOLS, OF LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

CARPENTER’S PLANE.

_________________

Specification of Letters Patent No. 16,805, dated March 10, 1857.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OLDIN NICHOLS, of Lowell, in the county of Middlesex and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented a useful and novel Changeable Multiform Plane; and I hereby declare that the following specification, in connection with the accompanying drawings and references thereon, constitute, embody, and designate a clear, lucid, and exact description of the construction, application, and use of the same.

In explanation of the accompanying drawings and for reference thereto, Figure 1, denotes a plan or top view of the plane stock with the iron, and handle secured thereto, the handle being secured to the top of the plane. Fig. 2, denotes a side elevation of the same. Fig. 3, is a longitudinal and vertical section of it, on line A, B, Fig. 1. Fig. 4, is a plan of my plane with the handle attached, in its lowest position. Fig. 5, denotes a side elevation of the same. Fig. 6, is a longitudinal and vertical section of the same on line C, D, Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a plan removed from the plane stock, of the cam shafts H and L, for holding both the plane iron and handle to the plane stock, and with the wrench for operating this cam, and for screwing the cap to the plane iron connected to, or placed on the cam shaft. Fig. 8, is a plan of this wrench. Fig. 9, denotes a plan of the plane iron C removed from the plane stock, with a section of the hook headed bolt E therein showing this bolt slabbed on each side to prevent turning when the cap D, is screwed to the iron C by the wrench I. Fig. 10, is a section of the plane stock A with a plate seen at gf intervening between the hook E and cam H.

Invention — The nature of my invention consists in firmly connecting the plane iron to the cap by means of a hook headed bolt and two nuts thereon, and the arrangement of a cam shaft to act on this hook by means of a wrench or its equivalent in such manner as to securely hold the plane iron to the stock, and the intermediation of a plate between the surface of the cam shaft and hook, which would otherwise come together to hold the plane iron to the stock, and the application of substantially the same arrangement to the handle whereby one handle will answer for any number of planes or molding tools, and the variable position of this handle which can be changed on the same, to be nearly as low as the face of the plane, to operate it with the greatest ease or in securing it to the top of the plane for planing floors or any desired work, all as hereinafter set forth.

Construction — To enable persons which are efficiently skilled in the art to which my invention appertains, to construct and carry out the same, I will describe it as follows:

I construct a plane stock as seen at A, in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 10, of the drawing, I then construct the plane iron seen at C Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, and 10, and the cap seen at D, same figures, and secure them together by a hook headed bolt seen at E Figs. 1, 2, 3, 6, 9 and 10, on which is placed two nuts, one top of the cap seen at F, Figs. 1, 3, 4, 6, and 10, and the other one under the plane iron seen at G Figs. 3, 6 and 10, these nuts are both properly threaded to the bolt E, the top one F, is to firmly hold the cap D to the iron C, and the lower one G, is to adjust the position of the surface or face a, Figs. 3, 6, and 10, of the hook headed bolt E, any desired distance from the iron C, in order to be in the proper position to be acted upon to hold the plane iron to the stock by the cam seen at H, Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 3, and 10, which is fitted to the plane stock A, by first forming a hole therein for this cam shaft to freely turn in, the cam shaft H is constructed by turning an iron arbor round and smooth, and forming one of its ends square, on which to place the wrench I Figs. 7 and 8, so as to turn this cam shaft, to tighten and hold the iron to the stock by bringing the surface e, Figs. 3, 6, and 10, of this shaft H in contact with, and against the surface a, of the hook headed bolt E.

A portion of the cam shaft H, is removed leaving a vacant place seen at i, Figs. 3, 6, 7, and 10, so that by turning this cam shaft around so as to bring this vacant place i opposite or nearest the face a, of the hook E, the plane iron will be liberated so that it may be removed from the plane stock, for sharpening or any desired purpose.

It is designed to turn the cam shaft H, so as to bring its surface e, against the surface a, of the hook, in the position seen at Figs. 3, and 6, and 10, in order to hold the plane iron sufliciently firm to the plane stock, while this iron can be driven down to take a rank shaving, or driven up to take a lighter shaving as may be desired by the operator, without altering the tension of the iron to the plane stock.

A plan of the cam shaft H is shown in Fig. 7, disconnected from the plane stock, to better illustrate the part removed leaving a vacant place seen at i, for liberating the plane iron from the stock; an edge view of the wrench I, is also shown connected to this shaft H, in Fig. 7, and a plan of it is shown at Fig. 8, the large end J being fitted to turn either of the nuts F or G, for the purposes before stated i, e, for holding the cap D, to the plane iron C, and for adjusting the hook surface a, of the bolt, to be correctly operated upon by the cam shaft H, to hold the plane iron firmly to the stock.

At Fig. 10 is seen a plate g, held to the stock A, by the screw y, this plate intervenes between the surface e, of the cam shaft H, and the surface a, of the hook E, to prevent wear of these surfaces, and to prevent the plane iron from sliding, or moving when it is tightened to the stock. Single plane irons can be secured to the plane stock in precisely the same manner every way as the double iron; the hook headed bolt may be as much shorter for the single iron than it is in the double one, as the thickness of the cap D, which will be readily understood.

I construct one plane handle seen at B Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, so as to answer for a whole set of planes, or for any number of planes and molding tools by shaping its front edge as seen at n, and m Figs. Q, 3, 5 and 6, so that the surface n, of the handle B can be placed on the top or higher surface of the plane A, as seen at Figs. 2 and 3, the hook K Figs. 2 and 3, 5 and 6, swinging free on the pin , Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6, in the slot P, Figs. 3 and 6, the surface k, of the hook K, is operated upon (after being placed in the mortise M) by the surface h, of the cam shaft L, to hold the plane handle firmly to the stock, by turning the cam shaft L with the same wrench I, that is used to operate the cam shaft H, and nuts F and G.

The elevated position of the plane handle is designed for using the plane to finish floors of vessels or buildings and for smoothing or finishing in corners or places diflicult of approach, the distance from the center of the pin Q, in the plane handle, to the center of the cam shaft L, in the plane stock is the same whether the handle is in the elevated or lower position.

The handle B, can be instantly removed from the plane stock A, Figs. 1, 2, and 3, or equally well from any molding tool stock by placing the wrench I upon the square part of the cam shaft L and turning it back so as to bring the vacant or open part j, of the cam shaft L, nearest to the surface k, of the hook K, when the handle will be liberated and it can then be placed in the lowest position as seen at Figs. 4, 5, and 6, by placing the hook K into the mortise N, and the surface k, so that it can be operated upon by the surface h, of the cam shaft L, to firmly hold the handle B, in the lowest position seen at Figs. 5 and 6, which is the best for the easy working of the plane, by reason of the hand of the operator being thus in the lowest position possible when operating the plane and of course the hand will thus operate the plane in nearly a direct line with its face. The advantages are very great in this changeability of handle on the same plane from a higher to a lower, or from a lower to a higher position to work the plane with the great-est ease, or for convenience in working the plane in low places, or unapproachable places for the body, while the arms and hands can reach to work the plane if the handle be secured to the stock in the elevated position as seen at Figs. 1, 2, and 3, and another important advantage is my arrangement, whereby the handle can be applied to any number of either planes or molding tools, or both, thus saving much expense in first constructing the tools, and then in packing them, besides the advantage of change of position of the handle on the same plane, as above stated.

Use — In using my invention of plane, the cap D, has first to be secured to the plane iron, if the iron be a double one, by the fork J, of the wrench I, applied to the nut F, then it is placed in the plane stock A, in position to cut in the usual manner, the cam shaft H being of course turned so that its recess i, is next the surface a, of the hook-headed bolt E, then this cam shaft H, is turned so as to bring the surface e against, and in contact with the surface a, of the hook E, which will firmly hold the plane iron to the stock. When the round surface e, of the cam shaft H, is brought in contact with the surface a, of the hook E, no farther pressure will be had, if the cam shaft H, be turned farther because this surface e, is the round part of the cam shaft H, and this arrangement will allow the operator to either set, or adjust the plane iron (to give the thickness of shaving) with a hammer, or with the cam shaft H and wrench I, as he may wish.

The plate g, Fig. 10, intervenes between the surface a, of the hook E, and the surface e, of the cam shaft H, and prevents wear, and also prevents the plane iron from sliding by the friction on the hook E, caused by turning the cam shaft against it to tighten the iron to the plane stock.

For using the plane or molding tool, upon bench work the lower position of handle, seen in Figs. 4, 5, and 6, is the desirable one, as the plane will work much easier by the hand of the operator at this low point of the plane, but if floors of vessels or buildings, or other like surfaces are to be planed which are low and more difficult of access than bench work, then the higher position of the handle is desirable, as seen in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. The change of handle from one position to another is effected simply by turning the cam shaft L, back with the wrench I, sufliciently to liberate the hook handle K, then remove this handle and place it in the lower position, with the hook K, so that the cam shaft L, can be turned by the wrench I to tighten the plane handle in the desired position.

What I claim, is —

1. Connecting the cap D, to the plane iron C, by the hook headed bolt E with two nuts F, and G, thereon to hold them together, and then securing the iron to the plane stock A, by a cam shaft H operating upon this same hook headed bolt, which is so adjustable as to be lengthened or shortened that any desired pressure may always be had, to firmly hold the iron to the stock, by turning the cam shaft, and still allow the plane iron to be moved in or out of the plane to cut a thick or thin shaving, without farther tightening or loosening it, these parts being arranged and operated essentially in the manner and for the purposes fully set forth.

2. I also claim the plate g, secured to the plane stock, and intervening between the surface a, of the hook E, and the surface e, of the cam shaft H, to prevent wear of the hook and cam, and also to prevent the hook E, and plane iron C from sliding back when the cam shaft H, is turned to tighten the iron to the plane stock, essentially in the manner and for the purposes fully set forth.

3. I also claim the application of one single handle B, to answer for, and be secured to a whole set or any number of plane stocks, either in the lower or elevated position, and changeable from one position to another or from one plane to another, instantly and be secured firmly thereto by means of the hook K, and cam L, or their mechanical equivalents arranged and operated essentially in the manner and for the purposes fully set forth.

OLDIN NICHOLS.

Witnesses:
JOHN S. JACQUES,
E. W. SCOTT.

No. 16,309 – Adjusting Bits Of Carpenter’s Planes (Thomas D. Worrall) (1856)

[paiddownloads id=”34″]16309

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

THOMAS D. WORRALL, OF LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

ADJUSTING THE BITS OF CARPENTERS’ PLANES.

_________________

Specification of Letters Patent No. 16,309, dated December 23, 1856.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS D. WORRALL, of Lowell, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carpenters’ Bench-Planes; and I do hereby declare that the same is fully described and represented in the following specification and the accompanying drawings, of which —

Figure 1, is a top view. Fig. 9, a side elevation. Fig. 3, a vertical and longitudinal section, and Fig. 4, a horizontal and longitudinal section of one of my improved bench planes, the latter section being taken through the pinion gear by which the plane-iron or cutter may be elevated or depressed within the throat of the stock.

In the said drawings, A, denotes the stock, B, the cutter or plane-iron, and, C, the throat of the stock.

In order to hold the plane-iron within the stock, I employ a clamp or piece of metal, D, made so as to embrace a dovetailed rack bar E, fixed to the rear side of the cutter, B, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4. The clamp is arranged within a cavity or recess, F, formed in the stock and leading out of the rear side of the throat thereof. A female screw, a, is made through the rear part of the clamp and so as to receive a male screw cut on the end of a long rod, G, which extends backward through the stock and has a hexagonal head, c, as shown in the drawings. The rack, E, is provided with teeth on its rear side to cooperate with a pinion, H, arranged and made to turn within the clamp, and to have its shaft, I, extended laterally through the plane stock and formed so as to receive a key, by which it and the pinion may be put in rotation for the purpose of regulating the distance of the cutting edge of the plane-iron relatively to the lower surface of the stock. Such distance having been obtained, the clamp, D, is to be brought into action or to be drawn backward so as to act upon the dovetail of the rack and so as to draw the plane-iron firmly against the rear face or side of the throat and hold said plane-iron in its proper place.

From the above it will be seen that we not only have a means of clamping the plane-iron, but of readily adjusting it in the stock. Furthermore a cap iron, K, is applied to the plane iron for the purpose of enabling it to plane cross grained stud, a top view of said cap and the plane-iron being represented in Fig. 5. Instead of making this cap straight from end to end, or with its under surface a plane surface, as it is usually made, I give to it a curved form throughout its entire length as shown in Fig. 3, and provide the cap with a slot, L, arranged in it as shown in the drawings. A clamp screw, M, extends through the slot and into the plane-iron, the same being for the purpose of confining the cap to the plane-iron. In order to regulate the longitudinal movement of the cap iron, or plane-iron I apply to the cap and plane-iron an adjusting screw, as shown at N. Thus it will be seen that the plane stock is not employed as a bearing for the device by which the cap is held to the plane-iron, such device being entirely independent of the stock.

By making the cap curved in manner as described its lower end may be forced down into perfect contact with the upper surface of the plane-iron, and will not spring there from so as to admit shavings or pieces of wood between it and the cutting edge of the plane while it is in use. It is well known that when the cap is made perfectly flat it is liable to be raised off the iron by slivers or chips which may become wedged between their lower ends, the same serving to interrupt the proper action of the cap. By making the cap in my improved manner and by applying a clamp to it so as to be independent cf the stock in the way above described, I am not only able to effect the proper fixation of the cap iron, but can adjust the plane iron or move it up and down without disturbing the said adjustment of the cap thereon.

I claim —

The arrangement of the rack and pinion and the clamp so that while the pinion is placed within the clamp, the rear or dove-tailed sides of the rack bar shall serve as bearings for the clamp to work against.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my signature this eighteenth day of September, 1856.

THOMAS. D. WORRALL.

Witnesses:
R. H. EDDY,
F. P. HALE, Jr.

No. 12,787 – Bench Plane Stock (George E. Davis) (1855)

[paiddownloads id=”23″]12787

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

GEO. E. DAVIS, OF LOWELL MASSACHUSETTS.

BENCH-PLANE STOCK.

_________________

Specification of Letters Patent No. 12,787, dated May 1, 1855.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE E. DAVIS, of Lowell, county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful iron plane-stock and a new method of attaching the cutting-irons to the stocks to be used by carpenters and woodworkmen generally to be used and adopted instead of the old wood plane, molding and other tools which have been heretofore used; and I hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the manner of making and using the same, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings and letters of reference marked thereon, in which —

Figure 1, denotes a perspective view. Fig. 2, a longitudinal and vertical section through the center of the same.

The nature of my invention consists in constructing the main body of planes, molding tools, &c., of metal, which being very thin, presents little or no impediment to the shavings passing out as they are cut from the wood, using an iron or wood handle attached to these planes. By means of the lower portion of the plane stock thus made, the hand of the operator is very near the face of the plane when it is used and consequently equally near the face of the stock which is being dressed. And my invention further consists in securing the cutting irons to the iron or other plane or tool stock, by means of a single screw (instead of the old chip) which screw secures both the cap and the cutting iron together, and both of them to the iron tool or plane stock, and by forming a lip in the back part of the throat so as to fill it and thus give a smooth even surface to the face of the plane, all as hereafter described.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

I construct a malleable iron plane stock as seen at A, A, of the drawings, to this stock I attach a handle which may be made of iron or wood as seen at B, and this is attached to the plane stock by the screw H. On the upper side of the plane stock I form a projection as seen at C at each side of which is formed, a projection as seen at G, so as to receive the cutting iron, which differs from all other plane irons in being constructed and attached to the plane as follows, both the cutting iron D and the cap E being secured to each other and to the plane stock G one screw as seen at F which is effected by forming an oblong slot in the cutting iron about one inch long, and wide enough to receive the screw, and through which the screw passes, this slot being for the purpose of receiving this screw, and also of allowing the cutting iron to be moved down as it wears in using, in the throat of the plane immediately back of the cutting iron, I form a lip as seen at I, so as to fill the recess caused by the bevel on the edge of the plane iron in the ordinary plane, thereby preventing its catching, and filling with portions of wood, as it is used, and presenting a smooth surface to the wood.

At J can be seen the “start” which is for the purpose of starting the iron back or upwards when desired.

To use my invention of improved plane I first set the proper edge upon the cutting iron, then place this iron into its position in the plane stock then properly place the cap in its position upon the cutting iron, and then place the screw F in its position and turn it to a bearing, by a screw driver or otherwise and the plane is ready for use.

This same description will answer for the single cutting iron, excepting the description of the cap, the use of molding tools being similar to the previous description for planes.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as my invention and wish to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The metal plane stocks having a formation of a lip I in the back part of its throat so as to fill the recess which would otherwise be below the level of the cutting irons so as to present a continuous smooth surface to the plane excepting the edge of the cutting irons and throat forward of them, for the outward passage of the shavings essentially in the manner and for the purposes set forth.

GEO. E. DAVIS.

Witnesses:
R. N. HAYDEN,
JAMES WILSON.

No. 17,618 – Holding And Adjusting Plane Irons In Their Stocks (Willard W. Chipman) (1857)

[paiddownloads id=”45″]17618

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLARD W. CHIPMAN, OF LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

METHOD OF HOLDING AND ADJUSTING PLANE-IRONS IN THEIR STOCKS.

_________________

Specification of Letters Patent No. 17,618, dated June 23, 1857.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLARD W. CHIPMAN, of Lowell, in the county of Middlesex and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Holding and Adjusting Plane-Irons; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

Similar letters of reference in each of the several figures refer to like parts.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane with my improvements attached. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section of the same. Fig. 3 is a cross section perpendicular to the direction of the plane iron. Fig. 4. is a plan of a part of the apparatus, shown detached from the plane stock. Fig. 5 is an end view of the same.

A represents the stock, or main part of the plane. B is the handle, C is the iron, or cutting tool, D is the cap which is secured on the face of C in the usual manner by means of the screw F. This cap may, or may not be used.

Fastened to the back of the “iron” C is a double V or sliding piece E which has a slot running longitudinally through the middle of it large enough to admit the head of the screw F.

G, G is a small metallic frame having a V shaped groove on each side in which the sliding piece E is supported. A suitable place is cut out in the plane stock directly beneath the iron C to receive this frame G and it is secured therein by means of screws.

H, H’ are frogs or wedge shaped pieces secured in the grooves of the frame G, G by means of a joint so that one end is at liberty to swing in or out. These frogs are operated upon by means of the thumb screws I, I’, which screw through the sides of frame G and press against the movable end of the frogs. The heads of the thumb screws I, I’ are sunk in recesses made, one on each side of the plane stock and just large enough to allow the thumb and finger to have a fair chance to turn the screws. Now when the frogs are thrown back in the grooves, the slide E is at liberty to move up or down in them (the grooves) freely, and the “plane iron” can be adjusted to its proper place, which being done, the thumb screws are turned up against the frogs, and these bind or wedge the sliding piece E into the grooves, and thus the plane iron is secured firmly in its place. One advantage in this manner of securing the plane iron is, that it leaves the mouth of the plane through which the shavings come perfectly smooth and free from all the obstructions that are found in the common plane, so that the shavings cannot clog in the mouth and cause trouble to the operator. Another advantage is in the facility it affords of adjusting the iron to the right gage, and also of setting it. square. If, as it often happens, one side of the edge of the iron projects through the mouth more than the other, then we must loosen the screw on the side where the edge shows least and screw up the other, until the edge comes into the right position. This simple and positive operation is an evident advantage over the old uncertain way of rapping the top of the iron with a hammer.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The use and application of the apparatus for holding and adjusting the plane iron, substantially as, and for the purpose described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my signature this twenty fifth day of May A. D. 1857.

WILLARD W. CHIPMAN.

In presence of us —
N. WRIGHT,
O. E. CUSHING.

No. 17,645 – Securing And Adjusting Plane Irons In Their Stocks (William Stoddard) (1857)

[paiddownloads id=”46″]17645

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WM. STODDARD, OF LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

MODE OF SECURING AND ADJUSTING PLANE-IRONS IN THEIR STOCKS.

_________________

Specification of Letters Patent No. 17,645, dated June 23, 1857.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WM. STODDARD, of Lowell, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and Improved Mode of Fastening in Plane-Irons; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, in which —

Figure 1 is a plan of a plane with my invention attached showing the lever A through an opening in the iron B ; Fig. 2 is an end elevation presenting the cam stand C and lever A as seen from a back end view of the plane ; Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical section on D, E, on which F denotes the tool stock; G, a cap on the cutting iron B and confined to it by the double headed bolt H. This bolt slides loosely in the grooved stand I, seen more distinctly in Fig. 7, which is a transverse vertical section through the double irons B and G, bolt H, and stand I.

A is a lever acting in and on the cam stand C in such a manner that moving it to the right or left lowers or raises the upper ends of the irons B, G. At the same time the cutting or lower ends are moved in an opposite direction by means of their connection with stand I by bolt H which serves as a fulcrum for lever A to operate upon thus firnily pressing the irons B and G to the plane stock and preventing any looseness or chattering at their cutting ends as is often the case when fastened by a key or wedge.

What I claim as my invention and wish to secure by Letters Patent is —

The grooved stand I double-headed bolt H in combination with the cam A and its stand C for the purposes set forth and described.

WILLIAM STODDARD. [L. S.]

Witnesses:
ALBERT I. PHILBRICK,
H. G. BLAISDELL.