Tag: Molding Planes

No. 193,373 – Improvement In Hand-Tools For Working Moldings (James H. Lewis) (1877)

[paiddownloads id=”281″]193373

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JAMES H. LEWIS, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

IMPROVEMENT IN HAND-TOOLS FOR WORKING MOLDINGS.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 193,373, dated July 24, 1877; application filed January 4, 1877.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES H. LEWIS, of Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michigan, have invented an Improvement in Hand-Tools for Working Moldings, of which the following is a specification:

The nature of my invention relates to an improvement in hand-tools for working moldings, of which there is a great variety of shapes and sizes in a set; and has for its object to so construct the same that one pair of removable handles will fit and can be secured to any of the heads of the various tools.

The invention consists in the peculiar construction of the tool-heads and the handles, as more fully hereinafter set forth.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of one of my improved tools, with one handle detached. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through one handle.

In the drawing, A represents a metal stock or head, adapted to receive and have secured to it a bit, B, of the form to produce a given cross-section of molding. The head is cast at each side with a double-flanged rib, a, over which slides a T-slotted head, b, on the inner end of a wooden handle, C, which is secured thereon by driving in a taper key, c.

As hereinbefore stated, a full set comprises a great variety of forms and sizes of molding-tools, the heads alone of which take up but very little space in a joiner’s chest. In the present case one pair of handles will answer for the entire set, which costs less and takes up less space than a set with handles permanently attached.

What I claim as my invention is —

The head A of a hand molding-tool, cast with the flanged ribs a a and the handles C C, provided with the slotted heads b, adapted to be secured to said ribs by a taper key, c, driven in each, substantially as described.

JAMES H. LEWIS.

Witnesses:
H. F. EBERTS,
H. S. SPRAGUE.

No. 141,535 – Improvement In Metallic Planes (John A. Baines) (1873)

[paiddownloads id=”213″]141535

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN A. BAINES, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF HIS RIGHT TO JAMES BARKER, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN METALLIC PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 141,535, dated August 5, 1873; application filed July 2, 1873.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN A. BAINES, of New York, in the county of New York, and in the State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Metallic Planes; and do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings making a part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 is a plan view of the upper side of my plane when arranged as a plow. Fig. 2 is a like view of the lower side of the same. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of said plow. Fig. 4. is a cross-section upon line x x of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of said plane when arranged for use in forming tongues and grooves. Fig. 6 is a cross-section upon line x’ x’ of Fig. 5. Figs. 7 and 8 are like views of said device as arranged for use as a feeder. Figs. 9 and 10 are cross-sections of said plane when arranged for producing rounds and hollows. Fig. 11 is a cross-section, showing the arrangement of parts for forming the rails of a sash. Fig. 12 is a like view, showing the device arranged as a rabbet-plane; and Fig. 13 is a cross~section showing the arrangement of parts when used as a smoothing-plane.

Letters of like name and kind refer to like parts in each of the figures.

The design of my invention is to enable a number of planes employed in the production of irregular work to be combined with one common frame, so as thereby to lessen the expense and reduce the bulk of said articles; to which end said invention consists in the peculiar construction and combination of the frame and the various attachments employed for producing the different forms of plane required, substantially as and for the purpose hereinafter specified.

In the annexed drawings, A represents the main frame of the plane, the lower side of which has a plane surface, and is provided upon one side with a downward-projecting flange, B, and near its opposite side, within said lower surface, with a narrow groove, C. The sides of the frame near its longitudinal line are extended upward in a curve, as shown in Fig. 3, and between such extended portions are provided an inclined opening, D, for the reception of the cutters and fastening-wedges, and in front of the same a second opening, E, for the escape of shavings. A handle, F, of usual form, is secured upon and extends upward and rearward from the frame, and enables the device to be used in the ordinary manner.

The frame thus constructed furnishes the foundation for and upon which the attachments required for producing the various forms of plane are secured, as will be fully described hereinafter.

The combinations will be set forth in the order in which they are illustrated in the drawings, commencing with the plow, which is formed by inserting and securing the necessary tool G within one end of the opening D, and securing upon the lower side ofthe frame A an angle-plate, H, which, as seen in Figs. 2 and 4, extends vertically downward from the face of said frame to a point upon a line with the lower edges of the flange B, and thence horizontally outward beneath said flange, to which it is secured by means of two screws, I, that pass into the same through suitable transverse slots h formed in said angle-plate. The slots h are countersunk, so as to enable the screw-heads i to be entirely within the surface of the angle-plate. By loosening the screws I, the angle-plate H, which operates as a gage, can be adjusted toward or from the tool G, so as to correspondingly vary the distance between the channel cut within a board and the edge of the same. A gage, K, attached to or upon the side of the frame A, opposite to the flange B, and made adjustable vertically, enables the depth of the channel cut by the tool G to be regulated at will. (See Fig. 6.)

For use as a grooving-plane, the angle-plate H is reversed, so as to cause its vertical portion to extend downward below the flange B, and two strips, L and L’, are placed edgewise within the groove C, and secured in place by means of four screws, l, which latter pass horizontally inward through the side of the frame A, through said strips, and into the solid metal at the inner side of said groove. The rear strip L conforms in shape and position to the rear side of the cutting-tool M, and, bearing against the same, furnishes a support for said tool. As in the previous illustration, the angle-plate H furnishes an adjustable gage, by means of which the relative positions of the channel cut and the edge of the board being operated upon are determined.

For use as a tonguing-plane, the strips L are removed, and the block N provided with a rib or tongue, n, upon its upper side, (shown by dotted lines in Fig. 6,) is secured upon the lower side of the frame A’ in place of said strips. A groove, n’, corresponding in size and depth to the tongue to be formed upon the edge of a board, is formed within the lower side of the block N, and a suitable tonguing-tool, N’, employed in place of the grooving-tool M. The angle-plate H serves as an adjustable gage, as in the previous case.

For use as a beading-plane, the angle-plate lI and strips L are removed, and a block, O, provided upon its upper side with a tongue, o, that corresponds in size and shape to the groove C secured in place of said strips. Within the lower side of the block O is provided a. half-round groove, O’, which corresponds in size and shape to the bead to be formed, while within its outer corner is formed a right-angled rabbet, o’, Fig. 8. The cutting-tool P corresponds in size and shape to the lower face of the block O, between the inner side of the rabbet o’ and the inner side of the groove O’, and passes downward through an inclined opening formed in and through said block.

For use as a round plane, a block, Q, similar in general shape to the block O, but having within its lower face only a half-round groove, q, is secured in a like manner within the lower side of the frame A, and with it is employed a cutting-tool, R, which corresponds in size and shape to said groove, and passes to or into the same through an inclined opening in said block.

For the hollow plane, a block, S, similar to that just described, but provided upon its lower face with a half-round bead, s, is secured in or to the frame A, and a corresponding tool, T, employed in the manner shown.

When used as a sash-plane, the tool is arranged as in case of the plow, except that the angle-plate H is moved outward, so as to permit the beading-tool U to be inserted at a suitable distance from the right-angle tool V. When it is designed to form the meeting-rails of a sash, a narrow tool, V’, shown by dotted lines, Fig. 11, is inserted in place of the tool V, and the channel for the reception of the edge of the glass out by the same.

For use as a rabbet-plane, the arrangement of parts is precisely the same as in the preceding case, except that the beading-tool U is removed and the widest of the right-angle tools employed.

When used as a smoothing-plane, the angle-plate H is extended entirely across the lower face of the frame A, and the space in said plate (shown in Fig. 2) is inclosed by means of a corresponding plate, W, Fig. 13, through which is provided a transverse inclined slot for the passage of the plane-iron X. If desired, the space between the lower face of the frame A and the inner side of the angle-plate H can be closed immediately in front of the plane-iron by means of a detachable plate, so as to cause the shavings to pass upward through the opening in said frame, instead of passing forward between said frame and angle-plate.

The device thus constructed combines in a simple and compact form a number of tools which have heretofore been separate, and can be furnished at a cost not much exceeding that of two of such tools.

Having thus fully set forth the nature and and merits of my invention, what I claim as new is —

The hereinbefore-described plane, when constructed in the manner and for the purpose substantially as specified.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this 26th day of June, 1873.

JOHN A. BAINES.

Witnesses;
GEO. S. PRINDLE,
EDM. F. BROWN.

No. 146,004 – Improvement In Combination-Planes (Andrew Johnson) (1873)

[paiddownloads id=”223″]146004

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ANDREW JOHNSON, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN COMBINATION-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 146,004, dated December 30, 1873; application filed November 15,1873.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ANDREW JOHNSON, of San Francisco city and county, State of California, have invented a Combination-Plane; and I do hereby declare the following description and accompanying drawings are sufficient to enable any person skilled in the art or science to which it most nearly appertains to make and use my said invention without further invention or experiment.

The object of my invention is to provide an improved combination-plane, the novelty of which consists, mainly, in the use of a series of adjustable guides and gages by which the tool may be made to out in straight lines or upon the concave or convex surfaces of the work, whether such surfaces lie in the line of the tool or at right angles with it. My invention further relates to the employment of a series of cutting-irons which may be so combined as to cut any desired form of molding.

Referring to the accompanying drawings for a more complete explanation of my invention, Figure 1, Sheet 1, is a perspective view of my plane. Fig. 2 is a side elevation. Fig. 3, Sheet 2, is a back view. Fig. 4, Sheet 2, is a sectional elevation. Figs. 5 and 6 are detailed views of the gage.

A is the body of the plane or the block, and it is made short, so as to facilitate its use on short curves. From its lower face project the plates B, one in front and one behind the cutter, and which serve as a guide for the plow and as a back for the cutting-iron. These plates are secured by set-screws, C, which pass horizontally through slots in them and enter the projecting lower part of the block A. The plates are so formed that a thin elastic strip of metal, c, extends on each from near the cutter forward and backward respectively to the front and rear of the block, where they are turned up and have a horizontal portion, d, which is slotted to receive a set-screw, e, which secures it to the vertically-adiusting standard I. A wide open space intervenes between the part B of the plates and the strip c. The strip unites with the plate at the end nearest the cutters, but is free at the opposite end, so that it can be adjusted up and down when the tool is to be used upon concave or convex surfaces in a vertical plane.

If the tool is to be used around concave or convex surfaces which lie in a horizontal plane, the set-screws e are loosened, and the elastic strip c is curved either to or from the block, as the case may be, and secured by the screws.

The guide and gage for this work consist of a plate, F, which has its center riveted to a projection, G, on the bar H, while its ends are connected with the ends of the bar by slotted links V, so that this plate F can be bent from side to side to correspond with the curve given to the strip c, and secured by set-screws, as shown. The bar H has a vertical post, J, extending upward, and this post is slotted to receive a set-screw, K, which secures it to the bar L. This bar L is connected at each end to the block A by long screws M, which have double nuts N N, between which the bar L is held, or smooth bars may be used instead of screws M with a set-screw. By means of these nuts the distance of the guide-plate F from the tool is regulated, while its vertical adjustment is made by means of the screw K and the slotted standard or post J.

In order to cut a variety of moldings with the same tool, I provide a number of cutters, n, of various shapes. The cutters have any suitable number of supporting-backs o, which have screws p passing through them, and provided with double nuts, so that the back plates can be adjusted to suit the number or kind of cutters. These plates and their equivalent guides o’ before the cutters may be cut away, as shown, so as to allow the tool to work freely on curves, either vertical or horizontal, and can be adjusted by the nuts to the highest point of the cutting-iron from the main face-plate. The lower ends of the cutters are supported by the back plates, and the upper ends are suitably connected with the setting-screw, so that any number of cutters can be easily adjusted at any time. In the present case I have shown a plate, R, which slides upon the inclined front of the handle s. This plate has two projections or lugs, t t, near its lower end, and upon these projections the holes or slots in the upper ends of the cutters are fitted. By the variation allowed by the slots each iron can be set separately. The plate B has a nut, x, formed at its upper end, and a screw, y, passes through this nut, and serves to operate the plate and move it up or down, as may be desired, to give the cutters the proper set. The cutters being placed, their upper ends will be held as described by the lugs t, while the lower ends are steadied by the back plates o. A plate, z, is fitted to press the cutters against these plates o, being operated by a screw, g, and this holds them firmly to their work, and causes them all to work as one tool. Gages h h, with set-screws, serve to regulate the depth of cut to be made, and the distance of the cut from any particular point or surface is regulated by means of the sliding bars m. The spring-gage can be adjusted up or down to facilitate the working of a molding upon the edge of a raised panel or a flat or plain surface.

It will be manifest that any number of wooden faces, Q, with either hollows, round, or flat surfaces can be made to fit the various combinations of cutters, and which may be substituted for or placed between the plates o, if desired, for straight work. The plate B, together with the blocks or faces Q, when used in place of the metal plates, serve to form a match-plane, the irons n, being employed with them.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. The plates B, having elastic adjustable curving strip c, combined with the block A and adjusting-standards I, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. The combination of the elastic gage-plate F, bar H, and slotted links V with their set-screws.

3. In combination with the elastic adjustable gage-plate F, the vertically-sliding post J with its holding-screw, and the bar L with its horizontally-adjusting screws M, and the nuts N, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.

4. The adjustable curved plates o o’, in combination with plate B and intermediate blocks Q, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In Witness whereof I hereunto set my hand and seal.

ANDREW JOHNSON.

Witnesses:
GEO. H. STRONG,
C. MILTON RICHARDSON.

No. 135,046 – Improvement In Molding-Planes (Alexander S. Robertson) (1873)

[paiddownloads id=”206″]135046

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ALEXANDER S. ROBERTSON, OF BOSTON , MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR OF
ONE-THIRD HIS RIGHT TO JOHN M. BEALS OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN MOLDING-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 135,046, dated January 21, 1873.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER S. ROBERTSON, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Molding-Planes for Carpenters’ and Joiners’ use, of which the following is a specification:

As bead-molding tools are now constructed it is necessary to have a separate tool for every desired size of bead-molding, making it necessary for the workman to have some ten or twelve tools of this kind. These several tools occupy quite a large space in a carpenter’s tool-chest, and add considerably to the cost of his kit.

The object of my invention is the production of a single tool which can accomplish all that the ten or a dozen now in use can do, and also which can be used successfully to stick bead-moldings on a curved surface, and be worked either right or left handed. My invention consists in the use of adjustable cylindrical cutters, or cutters having a rounded under surface, set in the side of a suitable stock in such a manner that the side of the stock shall serve as a gage or guide, one of said cutters being so formed as to out the quirk and one-half the circular surface of the bead, while another cutter cuts the other half of the circular surface of the bead, the first-mentioned cutter being so applied to the stock that it may be adjusted so as to project a greater or a less distance fromthe face or side of the stock. It also consists in providing said stock with two handles facing in opposite directions, and also in providing said stock with a cutter or cutters on either side thereof of different sizes, so that a greater range of work may be accomplished with one instrument, and also so as to accommodate either a right or left handed person.

In the drawing, Figure 1 is an elevation of my improved tool; Fig. 2 is a plan; Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section on line x x on Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a vertical transverse section on line y y; and Fig. 5 is a corresponding section on line z z on Figs. 1 and 2.

A is the stock, provided with the handles A’ and A”. B B are plates of sheet metal secured to the sides of the stock to prevent an injurious wear of the stock, and also to serve as an additional support for the cutters. C and C’ are the principal cutters, shaped very much like an ordinary wood-screw, except that the under side of the head is curved to conform to the shape of the bead instead of being conical like the screw, the slot being cut somewhat deeper than the screw-slot and expanded somewhat to give a free delivery to the chips. These cutters may be provided with a screw-thread and be screwed into the stock, as shown in Fig. 3 at C, or they may have smooth shanks and be secured in the stock in any desired position by means of the set-screw a, as seen in Fig. 5 at C’. For ordinary common work the cutters C and C’ are all that would be needed, the outer corner of the board or piece of lumber being rounded of by the use of a common plane, as is the custom when using the ordinary tool; but if a nicer job is desired a second cutter, D, may be used in combination with either ofthe cutters C or C’, the cutter D being so formed and adjusted as to work off and smooth the outer portion of the bead. The cutter D is secured in the stock by means of the set-screw b. The cutter-bar D may be provided with a cutter at either end, the form and size of the two cutters being made to match the respective cutters C and C’. The cutter C is intended to work beads from one-twelfth of an inch to one-fourth of an inch, and the cutter C’ will work from one-fourth of an inch to one-half of an inch; and for larger sizes an extra cutter will be provided, which can readily be inserted in the place of C’. Owing to the cylindrical form of the cutters and the narrow bearing which they have upon the wood, this tool will work as well upon a curved surface as upon a straight surface.

It is evident that a cutter that is semi-cylindrical, or having a curved under surface, may be used instead of the screw-cutter or the complete cylinder; and therefore I do not wish to confine myself to the exact form of cutter shown.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is —

1. The cutters C and C’, constructed, arranged, and operating as herein set forth and described, for the purpose specified.

2. In combination with the cutter C or C’, arranged and operating as set forth, the cutter constructed and arranged substantially shown as described.

Executed at Boston this 27th day of August, 1872.

ALEXANDER SMITH ROBERTSON

Witnesses:
S. A. WOOD,
H. E. LOMBARD.

No. 112,949 – Improvement In Molding-Planes (Ellis H. Morris) (1871)

[paiddownloads id=”182″]112949

United States Patent Office.

ELLIS H. MORRIS, OF CANTON, OHIO.

Letters Patent No. 112,949, dated March 21, 1871.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN MOLDING-PLANES.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELLIS H. MORRIS, of Canton, in the county of Stark and State of Ohio, have invented a new and valuable Improvement in Molding-Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description ofthe construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawing making a part of this specifcation and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon.

Figure 1 of the drawing is a top view of my plane;
Figure 2 is a side elevation, with the side plate removed;
Figure 3 is a vertical transverse section;
Figure 4 is a bottom view; and Figures 5, 6, and 7 are details.

My invention has relation to an improvement in planes; and It consists in providing a plane-stock with an adjustable face, capable of being molded or shaped to suit a plow-bit of any form; also, in attaching to the plane-stock an adjustable extension-gauge, designed to enable the bit to be run at any desired distance from the edge of a board or panel, as hereinafter described.

The letter A of the drawing designates my plane-stock, which may be similar in its external form to the ordinary plane-stocks in common use. The under side of the stock is channeled or excavated from side to side to receive the thin vertical sections which constitute the adjustable face of the stock.

B B represent elongated recesses or ways extending up into the body of the plane-stock, from the channel at the base, at an angle of forty-live degrees, or corresponding to the angle of the bit. These recesses serve to receive the offsets from the face-sections, presently to he described. Usually I make one of these recesses in front of the throat of the plane, and two in rear thereof.

C designates the adjustable face of my plane-stock. This is composed of two sets of thin vertical strips d, running in the direction of the length of the plane-stock. One set of these strips is situated in front ot the bit and the other is placed in rear, following the bit.

Each strip of the first set is provided with an offset or guiding-arm, e, which extends upward and backward at an angle of forty-five degrees, or parallel to the bit, into the recess B.

Each stern e is provided with a projection, h, at its upper forward corner, which is designed to engage with a stop, k, in the wall of the recess. The arm e is arranged to slide up and down in its recess, the distance to which it can descend being regulated by the position of the stop it and the projection h.

Each strip of the second or rear set is provided with two guiding-arms f f’, extending upward and rearward, parallel to the arm of the strip in front of the bit, which immediately precedes it.

The forward arm f’ of the rear strip is without a stop, and slides in a recess formed in the rear wall or the throat of the stock.

The rear arm f is similar to tue arm e ofthe forward strip, being provided with a projection, and arranged to engage with a stop in the wall of its recess which limits the descent of the strip. These stops k are placed in the recesses in such a position that they will allow the strips to descend as far as the lowest point of any one of the ordinary plow-bits in use.

These strips or sections d are usually made thin, in order that they may conform as closely as possible to the configuration of the edge of the bit. The face-edge of each strip is transversely rounded, or beveled on each side.

D D represent set-screws, passing through the wall of the plane-stock, and serving to secure the strips in their relative position to each other and to the bit after they have been properly adjusted and molded in form.

E represents my bit, which is provided with a means of shaping the adjustable face of the stock to suit its cutting-edge.

This consists of a notch or indentation, a, formed in its upper edge, and corresponding precisely in shape with the edge of the bit, with the exception that the general curve or profile is reversed and flatter.

The face-sections having been adjusted out to fill the mold the set-screws are tightened, and the strips thereby rigidly secured in position.

The bit and wedge are now inserted in the throat of the plane-stock, and, having been properly adjusted, the tool is ready for operation.

This stock, with its adjustable face, may be used with a stationary gauge, but usually I prefer to attach to it my extension-gauge, as follows:

At the base of the exterior wall of the stock, on the left or inner side, is formed a projecting ledge, G, which extends usually the entire length of the stock.

At the forward end a circular projection is raised, which serves as a bearing for the inner end of the extension-bar H.

A slot, l, traverses longitudinally the rear portion of the ledge G.

The under side of the ledge G is recessed at v v, on each side of the slot l, to receive the flanches of the nut n.

K represents a clamp-screw, by means of which the inner end of the extension-bar H’ is pivoted to the ledge G. The end of this clamp-screw passes through the slot l, and, engaging with the square nut iz, serves to hx the bar H’ in any desired position.

The bars H and H’ cross each other, and are pivoted together at about their middle portions by the pivot r. The outer end of the bar H is bent downward in order to bring it on a level with the outer end of the bar H’.

Z represents the movable gauge-bar. The upper and inner corner of this bar is recessed at s to receive the ledge G, thus permitting the face z’ of the gauge to be brought up close to the bit, when desirable.

The outer end of the bar H’ is pivotcd to the forward end of the gauge-bar Z.

The rear end of the gauge-bar Z is slotted at l’ to receive a clamp-screw, K’, which operates, in conjunction with a nut, n’, to secure the outer end of the bar H at any point of the slot.

The distance to which the gauge can be extended from the bit is regulated by the length of the cross-bars H H’ and the length ofthe slots l l. The gauge-bar, when adjusted at the proper distance from the bit, can be rigidly fixed in that position by means of the clamp-screws K K’.

A plane constructed in this manner is designed to subserve purposes of great importance to cabinet-makers and carpenters. To journeymen especially it will prove a great convenience in the saving that will ensue in transportation, one stock being sufficient for all the bits that they may employ. Carpenters, even of small means, can execute a great variety of moldings, limited only by the number of different bits which they may possess.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. A plane-stock, having an adjustable face, capable of being varied in form to suit bits having differently-shaped cutting-edges, substantially as specified.

2. The combination, with a plane-stock provided with a slotted ledge, G, of the slotted gauge Z, cross-extension arms H H’, and clamps K K, substantially as specified.

3. The combination, with a plane-stock having an adjustable face, of a bit provided with a forming indentation, substantially as specified.

In testimony that I claim the above I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two witnesses.

ELLIS H. MORRIS.

Witnesses:
L. W. JONES,
J. H. LIDDALL.

No. 86,851 – Improvement In Moulding-Plane (A.W. Maxwell) (1869)

[paiddownloads id=”149″]86851

United States Patent Office.

A. W. MAXWELL, OF MILTON, PENNSYLVANIA.

Letters Patent No. 86,851, dated February 9, 1869.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN MOULDING-PLANE.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same..

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, A. W. MAXWELL, of the borough of Milton, county of Northumberland, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful tool for moulding Wood, which I call “A Reversible Hand Moulding-Plane;” and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 is a view representing the bottom of the plane, and
Figure 2, the top.
Letter a represents the convex centrabearing.
b, the knife-end of the bit.
c, the screws by which the bit is fastened to the body of the plane.
d, the openings in the bit, through which the screws pass, by which the bit is fastened, and by which, when unfastened, the bit may slide up or down.
e, the bit.
f, the handles of the plane.
g, the throat, partially seen, of the plane, through which the shavings of the wood pass.

The bottom of the plane is convex, the degree of convexity being greater or less, in different planes, to suit the nature of the work expected to be done.

The “centre-bearing ” a, enables the workman to reverse the plane when he desires, as, for instance, to avoid planing against the grain of the wood, or to make a smooth finish at the end of the material; and consists of a convex ridge, or bearing, running transversely across the middle of the plane, dividing the bite longitudinally into two equal parts, the knives of both of which sections, the plane being reversed, make exactly the same impressions upon the wood.

The bit e is a double bit, the one half of which is the reversed duplicate of the other, and is fastened to the body of the plane by the screws c running through the openings d, so as to allow the bit e to be moved or adjusted at pleasure.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The moulding-tool herein shown and described, when all the parts are constructed and arranged to operate as represented, and for the purpose set forth.

A. W. MAXWELL.

Witnesses:
FRANKLIN BOUND,
M. YOENT.

No. 29,962 – Molding Plane (Charles Fleming) (1860)

[paiddownloads id=”88″]29962

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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CHARLES FLEMING, OF YPSILANTI, MICHIGAN.

MOLDING-PLANE.

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Specification of Letters Patent No. 29,962, dated September 11, 1860.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES FLEMING, of the city of Ypsilanti, in Washtenaw county and State of Michigan, have invented a new and useful Improvement on Tools for Making Quarter-Round and Ogee Moldings, the board to be worked standing on edge, which I call “Fleming’s self-regulating quarter-round and ogee molding tool;” and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, in which the figure represents a perspective of the quartenround tool as arranged and prepared for use.

A represents the body of the quarter round tool as commonly made.

B, B, represents the key holding the iron in place.

C, C, represents the iron-and E, the face gage. Parts so far described represent the common form of this tool.

D, represents a Wood or metal gage placed upon the side of the tool as seen in the figure, Where it is attached and kept in place by the screws S, S, S.

In the ogee tool the same gage is applied in the same manner and with like effect. This gage can be applied with perfect success to any ordinary 1/4 round or ogee tool.

To use the tools, either 1/4 round or ogee, attach the gage D, as seen in the drawings. Let the iron C, C, be so ground and set in the tool that it shall out a fair shaving at the face gage E, and scarcely cut at all at the side F. Set the board on edge in the vise of the workman, and apply the tool in the ordinary way, and when the work is complete, the gage D, will arrest the further working of the tool without thought or care on the part of the workman. While with the ordinary tool, without this self-regulating gage, the tool will continue to out until the whole board is wasted, and its operation must be carefully watched by the workman, to arrest it at the proper time, and then the work will not be as perfect and uniform as with the gage D, added.

I claim —

The combination of the guide strip (D) with 1/4 round and ogee molding planes, for the purposes set forth.

CHARLES FLEMING.

Signed in presence of —
D. B. GREENE,
H. CAMP.

No. 40,483 – Improvement In Planes For Beading And Molding (Seth C. Howes) (1863)

[paiddownloads id=”99″]40483

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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SETH C. HOWES, OF SOUTH CHATHAM, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN PLANES FOR BEADING, MOLDING, &c.

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Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 40,483, dated November 3, 1863 ; antedated October 24, 1863.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SETH C. HOWES, of South Chatham, in the county of Barnstable and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Planes for Beading, Molding, &c., &c. ; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 is a vertical section of my invention, taken in the line x x, Fig. 2; Fig. 2, a plan or top view of the same 5 Fig. 3, a side view of the same; Fig. 4, a detached face view of the clamp which holds the plane iron in proper position.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

This invention relates to an improvement in that class of planes used by joiners for forming beads and moldings, and also for forming rabbets, and which discharge the shavings at the side of the stock.

The object of the invention is to obtain a plane of the kind specified which will discharge the shavings freely and without the liability of choking or clogging in the throat, and one also which will admit of the iron being adjusted with the greatest facility to regulate the depth of cut and admit of the iron being firmly secured in the stock.

To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and construct my invention, I will proceed to describe it.

A represents the stock of the plane, which is constructed of wood, and of the usual form, and B is the “iron,” the lower end or cutting-edge of which is made of a form corresponding to that of the bead, molding, or rabbet to be cut. This iron has a notch, a, made in its back surface, near its upper end, and into this notch a projection or spur, b, on a nut, C, is fitted, said nut being in an inclined recess or groove, c, in the stock. The nut C is on a screw, D, the upper part of which is iitted in a metal socket, F, placed in a recess in the upper part ofthe stock. The upper part of the plane-iron is fitted in the front part of the recess or groove c, while the lower part passes through a recess, F, which is open at its side, and forms what is commonly termed the throat, to admit of the shavings out by the iron to pass out from the stock. This throat is narrow at its lower end, as shown at d, and it widens very gradually for a short distance upward, and then suddenly expands or increases in width, with a rounded front, e, as shown clearly in Figs 1 and 3.

Within this enlarged part of the throat there is fitted a metal socket or guide, G, in which a clamp, H, works. This clamp is also constructed of metal, and may be described as being formed of a rectangular bar, having one side beveled, as shown at f (See Fig. 4.) The clamp is allowed to work freely in the socket or guide G, and it is moved or operated by a screw, I, which works in an internal screw-thread, g, in the clamp, as shown in Fig. 1, and is litted in a metal socket, J, placed in a recess in the upper part of the stock. The portions of the screws I and D, which are htted in the sockets E and J, are smooth, (see Fig. 1,) and the beveled surface f is placed outward.

From the above description it will be seen that by turning the screw-rod D, the iron may be raised and lowered according to the depth of cut or thickness of shaving required, as by turning said screw the nut C is moved, and with it the iron, and when the desired set of the iron is obtained, the latter is secured in position by pressing the clamp H against it, the latter result being attained by turning the screw I. The back part of the iron is pressed by the clamp H firmly against the back part of the throat F.

In using the implement the shavings will readily pass up the lower narrow part of the throat, and in passing into the enlarged part they will turn freely the rounded corner e, and, coming in contact with the hard, smooth metal surfaces of the inner side of the socket or guide G, and the beveled surface f of the clamp H, are discharged freely from the throat, and all choking and clogging of the latter avoided.

The ordinary throats of this class of planes are very liable to choke or clog with shavings, as they have a comparatively long narrow opening at their lower parts, and are not provided with any rnetal surfaces, which have a tendency to prevent the sticking or adhering of the shavings in the throat.

Having thus described my invention, I claim, as an improved article of manufacture —

A molding-plane provided with the adjusting-nut C, screw D, the holding-clamp H, screw J , and curved throat e, all constructed and operating together, as herein shown and described.

SETH C. HOWES.

Witnesses:
JOHN G. DOANE,
FREEMAN E. CHASE.

No. 11,635 – Multiform Molding Plane (Thomas Worrall) (1854)

[paiddownloads id=”14″]11635

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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THOMAS WORRALL, OF MOUNT HOLLY, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO MIFFLIN PAUL.

MULTIFORM MOLDING-PLANE.

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Specification of Letters Patent No. 11,635, dated August 29, 1854.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS WORRALL, of Mount Holly, in the county of Burlington, in the State of New Jersey, have invented an Improveinent in Carpenters’ Molding and Grooving Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

The nature of my invention consists in the application of slides, by means of plates and screws) to the plane which will render that plane capable of working all kinds of moldings rabbets and grooves.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation. I make a dovetail and groove in the face of a plane, then screw or pivot a plate to the side of that plane, with holes through which screws may pass to secure the slide, I now make a slide of any pattern and put into the groove and dovetail which I secure by means of the screws which pass through the plate.

Figure 1 in the drawing is the end of the plate. Fig. 2, shows the end of the plane dovetailed and groove on the face. Fig. 1 is securely screwed or riveted to Fig. 2, at a, which forms Fig. 3, and thus forming the opening for the slide as seen on Fig. 3, at b–b. C, D, E, F are slides made to fit into this opening. Fig. 5 is the guide to a common plow, or sash filleter. Fig. 4, is the side of a plane, showing the brass, or iron plate.

g, g, on Fig. 5, should pass through the holes g, g, on Fig. 4. Now take slide C, and put it into the plane at b, b, as seen on Fig. 3 and you have a sash filleter complete; then take out slide C, and put in slide D, and you have a plow plane complete.

The stop on the side of the plane marked, h, is to regulate the depth of groove by the plow, or of the rabbet by the filleter. The two planes thus formed, are the only two requiring either the guide Fig. 5, or the stop, h. Let these be taken off, and in the place of slide D, put in slide E, and you have a common bead plane, remove that slide, and put in slide F, and you have a molding plane, and so on with every conceivable kind of plane. The only thing required to make as great a variety of moldings &c. as you please, are a new slide and a new iron to each.

The slides are made firm to the bed of the plane, by screws as seen on the plate on Fig. 4, and marked i, i, i. These pass through the plate into another plate on each of the slides, (which plate is denoted by the thick black mark on the drawings at j) and are thus screwed firmly to the plane, and if additional firmness should be required, which may be the case when the plane is required to make very wide moldings, it may be obtained by passing a, screw through the plane at k, as seen on Fig. 3, into a plate denoted on the drawings by the thick black mark at l in slide C and thus screwing the slide more firmly against the base of the plane at m, on Fig. 3.

What therefore I claim as my invention, and for which I desire security by Letters Patent, is —

The slide attached to a plane, by means of plates and screws, which will make that plane capable of working all kinds of grooves fillets and moldings.

THOS. WORRALL.

Witnesses:
R. B. NAYLER,
JOHN S. PEAK.