Tag: William B. Fenn

No. 291,178 – Plane (William B. Fenn) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”350″]291178

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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WILLIAM B. FENN, OF MERIDEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO FOSTER, MERRIAM & CO., OF SAME PLACE.

PLANE.

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SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 291,178, dated January 1, 1884.
Application filed September 3, 1883. (No model.)

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM B. FENN, of Meriden, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, a citizen of the United States, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in explaining its nature, in which —

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a plane containing my invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section. Fig. 3 is a cross-section on the line x x of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a vertical section on the line y y of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 represents a modification in construction hereinafter described.

The invention relates to various details of construction, all of which are hereinafter fully described.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the stock of the plane. It is made of metal, has the vertical side extensions or flanges, a, the handles a1 a2, and the knife-opening a3. Cast with the stock, or secured thereto by rivets or in any other desirable way, is the triangular-shaped block B. This block is narrower than the plane-stock, and is arranged immediately back of the knife-opening, and there is a recess or space between its vertical sides and the inner sides of the extension or flange a. Its upper surface is inclined, preferably, parallel with the incline a5 of the knife-opening. To this upper surface of the block is fastened by screws a6, or otherwise secured, a plate, a7, which is of the same inclination as the surface of the block, and which extends beyond it on each side to furnish supports or ways for the carriage C, which holds the plane iron or knife.

Instead of making the plate a7 separate and attaching it to the block B, it may be made integral therewith, if desired. The location of this block and plate in relation to the knife-opening and to the side flanges, a, of the plane is well shown in Fig. 3.

Extending upwardly and backwardly from the block B is the threaded spindle or screw, b, by which, in connection with the devices hereinafter described, the carriage, and there-fore the plane irons or knives, is adjusted vertically.

The carriage C has the flat upper surface or bed c, upon which the plane irons or knives D rest, the flat under portion, c1, which slides upon the upper surface ef the plate a7, and the outwardly-projecting portions or wings c2, which extend under the under surface of the side edges of the plate a7, and secure the carriage thereto in a manner to permit it to be moved vertically thereon without being raised or lifted therefrom — that is, these are formed in the downwardly-projecting portions of the carriage grooves or recesses which fit the outer edges of the plate a7. It is of course immaterial as to how these grooves or recesses are formed. They may be made in casting the block, or they may be planed out; and it is also immaterial as to their shape and the shape of the edges of the plate in cross-section, as this shape may be square, or partially rounded, or inclined upon the under edge. The carriage C also has the downwardly-extending lug or bracket c3, which has the projections c4, that straddle the portion c5 of the nut c6. This nut has a thread, c7, which fits the thread on the inclined screw or spindle b. The shoulders c8 c9, at the lower end of the nut, fasten the projections c4 of the carriage securely to the nut, so that upon the revolution of the nut the carriage is raised or lowered.

It will be observed that the nut is so located in relation to the back handle of the plane that it can be easily revolved without removing the hand from the handle, so that the plane irons or knives may be adjusted while the plane is being moved. The plane-irons are secured to this block; by means of the headed screw-spindle E, which screws into the carriage, and of course may be adjusted in and out in relation thereto, and which passes through the hole e in the plane-irons and the key F, which has formed in its under surface in any desirable way the projections f, which shut under the head cf the screw. The under surface, and especially the lower edge of the key, bears upon the upper plane-iron, and the screw f1 in its upper end bears upon the upper plane-iron, throws the lower portion of the key rigidly against the lower portion of the plane-iron, and being held to the carriage by the headed spindle or screw E, the plane knives or irons are rigidly fastened to the carriage. The plane-irons are secured to each other by the coupling-screw d, and a hole, d1, is made in the carriage to receive the head of this screw.

The advantages of this invention are simplicity and cheapness of construction and ease of adjustment of the irons.

It will be observed that the threaded spindle or stem b need not necessarily be secured to the block B, as it can be fastened to any other part of the stock or body of the plane, provided it is arranged to project diagonally upward, as shown.

It will also be seen that by making the headed screw E adjustable in the carriage plane-irons of varying thickness may be used, and that a tight fit between the key-piece, plane-irons, and carriage may be obtained, which is desirable, as it prevents chips, dust, and shavings from getting between the various parts, and also holds the plane-irons more securely in place.

In Fig. 5 I show the nut secured by the body of the plane or block B, instead of to the knife-carriage C; and I prefer to secure the nut in place by tapping a hole in the block or body of the plane and forming a projection on the end of the nut, which shall tightly fit the hole when driven therein. The screw-spindle will, in this construction, take the place of the nut c6 in relation to the carriage C, and the screw will enter the stationary nut; or, in other words, in this modification the nut is stationary and the screw-spindle movable with the carriage.

Of course the invention can be used in planes having wooden bodies, or bodies having wooden bottoms and metal frames, if desired.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States —

1. A plane bed or stock having the block B, cast upon or fastened to the inside thereof, of less width than the body of the plane,and provided with ways or guides for the support of a movable plane knife or iron supporting carriage formed thereon by means of the projections a7, all substantially as and for the purposes described.

2. The combination of the plane bed or stop A, the block B, fastened or secured thereto, narrower than the plane-stock, and having the projecting guides a7, with a movable or knife-supporting carriage, G, having the outwardly-projecting portions or wings c2, which lap under the under surface of the guides, all substantially as and for the purposes described.

3. The combination, in a plane, of the stock or bed A, the block B, fastened thereto as described, and of less width than the body of the plane, provided with the ways or guides a7, which project therefrom, as specified, the threaded spindle or screw b, the plane knife or iron supporting carriage C, having the projecting portions c2, which lap upon the under surface of the guides or fianges a7, and the nut c5, secured to said carriage, as described, all substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4. The combination, in a plane, of the threaded spindle or stem fixed in the body of the plane, the plane iron or knife supporting carriage C, having the projections c4, which straddle the nut c5, the said nut c6, which works upon the threaded stem, all substantially as and for the purposes described.

5. The plane knife or iron supporting carriage C, having the bracket or projection c3, whose projecting ends straddle the grooved or recessed nut c6 between the shoulders c8 c9. all substantially as and for the purposes described.

6. The combination of the adjustable screw or lug E, having in the movable carriage C the plane iron or irons D, and the key F, having the undercut recess in its under surface, adapted to receive the head of the screw or lug, and the locking-screw f1, all substantially as and for the purposes described.

WILLIAM B. FENN.

Witnesses:
L. WETMORE,
GEO. W. COLE.

No. 287,371 – Joiner’s Plane (William B. Fenn) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”344″]287371

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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WILLIAM B. FENN, OF MERIDEN, CONNECTICUT,
ASSIGNOR TO FOSTER MERRIAM & CO., OF SAME PLACE.

JOINER’S PLANE.

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SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 287,371, dated October 23, 1883.
Application filed June 30, 1883. (No model.)

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM B. FENN, of Meriden, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented a new Improvement in Joiners’ Planes; and I do hereby declare the following, when taken in connection with accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, and which said drawings constitute part of this specification , and represent, in —

Figure 1, a sectional side view; Fig. 2, a top view, with the plane-iron and clamp removed; Fig. 3, a rear view, the bed removed, showing the inclined guiding-sides and screw. Fig. 4, a perspective view of the bed removed, looking toward the under side; Fig. 5, a longitudinal section of the clamp through the T-shaped slot; Fig. 6, an under side view of the clamp; Fig. 7, a transverse section of the clamp on line x x of Fig. 5; Fig. 8, a transverse section of the bed, showing the T-shaped stud.

This invention relates to an improvement in that class of joiners’ or bench planes in which mechanism is employed to adjust the cutter with relation to the thickness of the shaving to be cut. In the more general construction of this class of planes the bed is fitted to work upon ways in the stock. These ways, as well as the bed, require to be shaped or fitted in the planing-machine, and this fitting of the bed and ways is an expensive part of the manufacture of the plane.

The principal object of my invention is to avoid this expensive part of the work; and the invention consists in the construction of plane as hereinafter described, and more particularly recited in the claims.

A represents the stock, which is of substantially the usual form; B, the bed upon which the plane-iron or cutter C is supported; D, the clamp by which the iron is secured upon the bed. E is the rest or support for the lower part of the plane-iron, and which terminates at the throat a.

The surface of the bed and the surface of the rest E must be in substantially the same inclined plane. In the rear end of the rest E, I introduce studs F F, projecting therefrom, and upwardly inclined in a plane parallel with the plane of the bed and rest. These studs are best made from round rods cut to the required length, and driven into corresponding holes in the rest.

The bed B is constructed with downwardly-projecting cars G, through which holes b are made corresponding to the studs F F, and so that the bed set upon the studs F will move freely thereon as guides, and the bed be retained in its proper relative position to the rest. The employment of these studs as guides is very much cheaper than the planed seat hitherto generally employed, as the holes for the studs as well as the corresponding holes in the bed are readily drilled by a pair of drills arranged for the purpose, so that the relative position of the two parts is assured.

To adjust the bed, a third stud, H, is arranged in the rest between the studs F F. This stud is screw-threaded, and in a lug, I, which extends down from the bed, a nut, L, is arranged. This nut is free for rotation, but prevented from longitudinal movement (here represented as so prevented) by a screw, d, through the lug into a corresponding annular groove in the body of the nut. The nut is fitted at its outer end with a head, M, by which it may be conveniently turned. The nut is internally threaded, corresponding to the stud H, and so that by turning the nut the bed will be moved accordingly.

Instead of two studs a single stud may be employed and accomplish a good result. I do not limit this part of my invention, therefore, to the employment of the two studs F F.

To engage the clamp with the bed, I construct the bed with an upwardly-projecting T-shaped stud, N, which will pass through the central slot in the plane-iron, so that the iron may be placed upon the bed and rest. The clamp D is constructed with a longitudinal slot, P, T- shaped in transverse section, as seen in Fig. 7. This slot is inclined from the lower end backward and upward from the plane of the under side of the plate, the opening of the slot being upon the under side.

The head of the stud N enters the lower end, R, of the slot, and then, as the clamp is forced downward, the inclined T part of the slot engages the shoulder of the stud N, as seen in Figs. 5 and 7, the incline acting as a wedge to draw the clamp down upon the plane-iron, and thereby serve to clamp the iron to the bed, and so that a quite firm engagement may be made by simply thus forcing the clamp downward; but to make a firm engagement a set-screw, S, through the clamp is provided, to bear upon the iron above the point where the stud N engages, and so that the stud forms a fulcrum upon which the clamp will act as a lever, its forward or lower end bearing upon the iron below the stud and the screw above.

Instead of making the inclined slot in the clamp and fixing the stud to the bed, this order may be reversed, and the inclined slot made in the bed and the stud fixed to the clamp. In such construction, it will be understood the incline will be reversed — that is, so as to draw the clamp toward the bed by the downward movement of the clamp.

Considerable difficulty is experienced in the use of this class of planes, from the fact that the great resistance offered to the working of the plane — as, for instance, in striking a knot — tends to turn the iron out of its proper position, the natural friction between the clamp and bed not being sufficient to hold the iron. To overcome this difiiculty, I apply to the clamp a facing, T, of non-metallic material, preferably of india-rubber. This is best made by the introduction of a strip of rubber across the lower end of the clamp, as seen in Fig. 1; but it may be applied at other positions, and advantageously so, at about the point where the screw bears — that is, an india-rubber or other non-metallic shoe may be applied to the lower end of the screw to bear upon the surface of the plane-iron — or this non-metallic bearing-surface may be arranged upon the bed, or upon the rest beneath the plane-iron; or it may be applied both to the clamp and to the bed, it only being essential to this part of my invention that there shall be a non-metallic bearing-surface for the plane-iron.

I claim —

1. In a plane substantially such as described, the combination of one or more inclined guiding-studs, F, fixed in the stock, the bed B, constructed to ride upon said inclined stud, mechanism, substantially such as described, to hold the plane-iron upon the bed, an inclined adjusting-screw and nut whereby said bed and the iron which it carries are made adjustable upon said stud, substantially as described.

2. In a plane substantially such as described, the combination of one or more inclined guiding-studs, F, the correspondingly-inclined screw-stud H, the bed B, constructed to ride upon said inclined stud, and the nut L, arranged in said bed, fixed as to longitudinal movement but free for rotation, substantially as described.

WILLIAM B. FENN.

Witnesses:
JOS. C. EARLE,
J. H. SHUMWAY.