Tag: William E. Sparks

No. 1,213,552 – Plane (William E. Sparks) (1917)

[paiddownloads id=”716″]1213552

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLIAM E. SPARKS, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO SARGENT &
COMPANY, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

1,213,552. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Jan. 23, 1917.
Application filed July 9, 1913. Serial No. 778,082.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, WILLIAM E. SPAKS, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to planes, and more particularly to a novel construction of sheet metal planes.

Certain features of my improvements are especially applicable to planes of the smaller sizes which are known as pocket planes or toy planes, but the invention is not limited in this particular.

The primary object which I have in view is the provision of a light, handy, efficient and durable plane, in which the number of parts is reduced to a minimum, and which can be readily and cheaply manufactured.

To this and other ends, the invention consists in the novel features and combinations of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane embodying my improvements, Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the same, Fig. 3 is a section on line 3–3 of Fig. 2, Fig. 11 is a front end elevation of the plane, Fig. 5 is a rear end elevation thereof, Fig. 6 is a section on line 6–6 of Fig. 1, Fig. 7 is a top plan view of the frog, detached, Fig. 8 is a top plan view of the clamp, and Fig. 9 is a bottom plan view of the clamp.

Referring to the drawing, the body or stock 10 is of the usual channeled form and it is preferably constructed of sheet metal. The frog 11 has the usual relation with respect to the throat 12 and said frog is constructed of a sheet metal plate 11a having downturned side portions 11b fitted within and against the side walls of the stock. In order to secure the frog firmly in place in the stock, it is necessary to employ only two fastening members such as the rivets 13, 14. These rivets pass through the extensions 11b of the frog into and through the respective side walls of the stock. It will be noted from a comparison of Figs. 1 and 3 that the rivets 13, 14 are out of line with each other whereby any turning or rotary movement of the frog relatively to the stock is absolutely prevented simply by the use of these two fastening members, one associated with each of the side walls of the stock.

At the rear of the frog the same is provided with integral downturned lugs 15, 16 provided with threaded perforations for the shank 17 of the adjusting screw 18. The cutter or bit 19 is supported on the frog 11 in the usual manner and it is of customary form except for the fact that its rear extremity is provided with a transverse slot 20 to receive the milled head 21 of the adjusting screw 18. The peripheral portion of the head 21 extends through the slot 20 for a slight distance, and as the adjusting screw is turned, the head thereof will turn freely in the slot 20 thereby advancing or retracting the cutter 19 according to the direction in which the screw is rotated. ln other words, the slot 20 in fitting over the head 21 interlocks the cutter and the adjusting screw against relative longitudinal displacement while permitting the rotation of the screw relatively to the cutter.

The frog 11 carries a pivot or stud 22, and the cutter is provided with the usual slot to fit over this stud 22. The clamp 23 consists of a sheet metal plate having downturned edges 24 and a keyhole slot 25 adapted to cooperate with the stud 22 in the usual manner. At the rear extremity of the clamp 23, the same is provided with a threaded socket 26 through which a clamping screw 27 passes into engagement with the upper surface of the cutter or bit. The cooperation between the clamping screw 27, the clamp 23, the stud 22, and the bit 19 is more or less usual and need not be further described.

In order to afford a convenient and handy grip for the workman, the stock is provided at the rear end with a palm rest 28. This consists of an upwardly directed sheet metal plate having a convex rear surface and forwardly extending lugs 29 fitting between and against the side walls of the stock. The palm rest is substantially U-shaped in cross-section, the upper edge 28a being rounded and the lower edge 28b straight and horizontal and fitting snugly against the top surface of the bed of the stock. The lugs or extensions 29 are secured to the side walls of the stock by rivets 30, 31 or similar fastening members. The rivets 30, 31 are offset from each other as in the case of the rivets 13, 14 so that turning movement of the palm rest relatively to the stock is absolutely prevented without the employment of additional fastening means, Preferably, the forwardly and upwardly curved plate 28 forming the palm rest is located at the rear extremity of the plane body or stock, and is spaced from the frog and cutter located at the intermediate part of the stock so that the adjusting screw may be located between the palm rest and cutter. The rear surface of the palm rest curves forwardly in order to fit the palm of the operator, and the form of the palm rest is such that it merges from a shallow U-shaped cross-section near the top into a deeper U-shaped cross section at the bottom where the forwardly directed extensions 29 are provided.

I do not claim herein the combination with a stock having upright side walls, of a frog comprising a sheet metal plate having integral downturned side members secured to the side walls of the stock, and integral downtnrned lugs for the bit adjusting screw, one of said lugs being struck out from the rear edge of the frog, and the other being struck out of an opening at the intermediate portion of the frog, as claimed in my co-pending application, Serial No. 778,083.

Without limiting myself to the construction shown, I claim:

1. In a plane, the combination of a stock having side walls presenting a channeled cross-section, a member fitting within the stock and having side walls abutting the respective first-named walls, and means of connection between each side wall of said member and the adjacent side wall of the stock, said two means of connection being located ont of line with each other; substantially as described.

2. In a plane, the combination of a stock having parallel side walls, a sheet metal member having bent-up extensions at the sides fitting within and against said side walls, and a rivet securing each of said extensions to the corresponding side wall of the stock, said rivets being out of line with each other; substantially as described.

3. In a plane, the combination of a stock having upright side walls, a palm rest composed of a plate resting at its lower edge on the bed of the stock and having forwardly directed extensions or lugs at the sides, and a rivet securing each extension or lug to the respective side walls of the stock, said rivets being out of line with each other; substantially as described.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand on the 5th day of July, 1913.

WILLIAM E. SPARKS.

Witnesses:
JOHN H. SHAW,
BERTHA RAY.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,164,232 – Plane (William E. Sparks) (1915)

[paiddownloads id=”706″]1164232

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLIAM E. SPARKS, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO SARGENT & COMPANY,
OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATIGN OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

1,164,232. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Dec. 14, 1915.
Application filed July 9, 1913. Serial No. 778,083.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM E. SPARKS, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to planes, and more especially to planes constructed wholly of metal.

One of the primary objects of the invention is to provide a light, strong, durable and inexpensive plane, wherein the stock or frame, the frog, and the clamp for the cutter are constructed of sheet metal. To this end the parts mentioned are of novel form and are combined and assembled in a novel way.

Another object of the invention is the provision of certain improved features of construction in what is known as a low angle block plane, more particularly the mechanism for giving the bit or cutter its lengthwise adjustment, and the location of such adjusting means in such a position that the head of the adjusting screw for the cutter serves as a palm rest when the plane is in use.

However, although my improvements are of particular advantage in low angle block planes and in planes constructed for the most part of sheet metal, certain features will be found advantageous in planes of other types.

To these and other ends, the invention consists in the novel features and combinations of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed.

ln the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a low angle block plane embodying my improvements, Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the same, Fig. 3 is a section on line 3–3 of Fig. 2, Fig. 4 is a front end elevation of the plane, Fig. 5 is a rear end elevation, Fig. 6 is a fragmentary plan view of the stock with the cutter and clamp removed, Fig. 7 is a section on line 7–7 of Fig. 1, Fig. 8 is a detail bottom view of the frog prior to assembling, Fig. 9 is a detail bottom view of the clamp, and Fig. 10 is a detail section on line 10–10 of Fig. 2.

Referring to the drawings, the stock or body 10 is of the usual channeled section but instead of being constructed of cast metal as customary, it is bent up from sheet metal such as sheet steel. The frog 11 is also constructed of sheet metal and it is given the special form shown in Figs. 3, 6, 7 and 8. The frog comprises a plate 11a provided with integral extensions at opposite sides which are bent downward to form legs 12. Rivets 13 connect these integral sheet metal legs with the side walls of the stock between which the frog is set. The legs 12 are so located relatively to the frog and stock as to give the main part of the frog the required inclination to the horizontal. The legs 12 secure the frog to the stock at the rear end of the frog and the forward end of the frog is secured to the stock by means of a lug 14 struck out from the plate 11a and lying in contact with the upper surface of the bed or sole 15 of the plane. In the form shown the downwardly bent lug 14 of the stock is secured to the bed 15 by spot welding, but of course, a rivet or other fastening member could be used if desired.

At the rear of the frog are two downturned lugs 16, 17 for the adjusting screw 18. The lug 17 is struck out of the plate 11a leaving an opening 17a therein, and the lug 16 extends downwardly from the rear edge of the frog substantially parallel to the lug 17. These lugs are provided with threaded perforations engaged by the shank 19 of the adjusting screw 18. The shank 19 is manipulated by a large head or wheel 20 having a neck 21 and a shoulder or collar 22.

The cutter 23 is positioned on top of the frog 11 in the usual manner with its forward extremity in the throat 24 of the bed or sole. The cutter 23 is provided at its rear under portion with a series of transverse arcuate grooves 25 any one of which is adapted to fit snugly over a portion of the periphery of the shoulder or collar 22 on the adjusting screw 18. This provides for the lengthwise adjustment of the bit or cutter as the adjusting screw is moved forwardly or rearwardly in the lugs 16, 17, as will be understood. The shoulder 22 is free to rotate in the groove 25 in which it engages, but the provision of the grooves form shoulders cooperating with the shoulder 22 in such a manner that the cutter or bit partakes of the lengthwise movement of the adjusting screw.

The clamp 26 like the stock and frog is also constructed of sheet metal. Its strength is considerably increased by forming the same of a sheet metal plate having its edges flanged or downturned, substantially throughout the contour thereof, as indicated at 27. This stiffens and strengthens the clamp considerably and it is also reinforced by an integral rib 28 stamped in the same. The clamp is provided with the usual key-hole slot 29 adapted to fit over the usual headed stud 30 which projects up from the frog between the lug 14 and the opening 17a. At the front of the clamp 26 the downturned edge 27 rests on the upper face of the cutter, and is clamped against the cutter at that point by a screw 31 extending through a threaded opening 32 at the rear end of the clamp and engaging the upper surface of the cutter. The stud 30 acts as a pivot in the usual manner so that as the screw 31 is screwed into its socket, the front and rear portions of the clamp will have the customary binding action on the cutter whereby the latter is securely held in place.

In using the plane, the head 20 of the adjusting screw 18 serves as a palm rest. It will be noted that the diameter of the head 20 is at least approximately equal to the width of the cutter. Moreover, the head 20 projects outward beyond the rear extremity of the cutter and is so located with reference to the stock as to form a comfortable support for the palm of the person using the plane. Usually the forefinger will rest in a socket 33 formed in the upper surface of a button 34 riveted to and extending upward from the forward end of the clamp. By this construction, the plane can be grasped and manipulated in a most convenient and satisfactory manner.

In order to make the head 20 of the adjusting screw 18 serve as an effective and comfortable palm rest, said head is not only made of a diameter approximating the width of the stock, but it is also provided with a convex rear surface adapted to conform to the hand of the operator.

It will be manifest that the construction described provides a light, handy plane, which can be readily and cheaply manufactured and is quite strong and durable.

Without limiting myself to the construction shown, I claim:

1. In a plane, the combination of a stock, a frog in said stock, a cutter supported on said frog, an adjusting screw for adjusting said cutter longitudinally, a head for said adjusting screw at the rear of the cutter, of a diameter approximating the width of the stock, and having a convex rear portion or surface to serve as a palm rest for the operator’s hand, a clamp for securing said cutter on the frog, and a button secured to the front end portion of the clamp at the upper surface thereof, said button having an upper surface adapted to support the forefinger of the operator‘s hand, when the latter is supported on the head of said adjusting screw; substantially as described.

2. In a plane, the combination of a stock, a frog in said stock, a cutter supported on said frog, an adjusting screw for adjusting said cutter longitudinally, a head for said adjusting screw at the rear of the cutter, of a diameter approximating the width of the stock, and having a convex rear portion or surface to serve as a palm rest for the operator’s hand, a clamp for securing said cutter on the frog, and a button secured to the front end portion of the clamp, at the upper surface thereof, said button having a socket at its upper surface adapted to receive and conform to the forefinger of the operator’s hand, when the latter is supported on the head of said adjusting screw; substantially as described.

3. In a plane, the combination of a stock with upright side walls, a frog set in between said side walls, and composed of a sheet metal plate having downturned legs at the rear riveted to said side walls, said plate having at the forward portion thereof a struck-out piece or lug parallel to and resting on the sole plate of the stock, said lug or struck-out piece being welded to said sole plate, parallel lugs integral with said frog at the rear portion thereof, and depending therefrom, a cutter supported on said frog, an adjusting screw for said cutter threaded through said parallel lugs, and a clamp for securing said cutter on the frog; substantially as described.

4. In a plane, the combination with a stock having upright side walls, of a frog comprising a sheet metal plate having integral downturned side members secured to side walls of the stock, and integral down-turned lugs for the bit adjusting screw, one of said lugs being struck out from the rear edge of the frog, and the other being struck out of an opening at the intermediate portion of the frog, an adjusting screw threaded through said lugs, a cutter on the frog adjustable by said adjusting screw, and a clamp to secure the cutter on the frog; substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand on the 7th day of July 1913.

WILLIAM E. SPARKS.

Witnesses:
JOHN H. SHAW,
BERTHA RAY.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,151,301 – Bench Plane (William E. Sparks) (1915)

[paiddownloads id=”704″]1151301

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLIAM E. SPARKS, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO SARGENT &
COMPANY, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

1,151,301. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Aug. 24, 1915.
Application filed May 16, 1914. Serial No. 839,117.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM E. SPARKS, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to bench planes and more particularly to a type of plane in which the plane iron or bit is held against the frog or other support by means of a clamp which is adjustable independently of the bit, so that the lower edge of the clamp may be adjusted closer to or farther away from the cutting edge of the bit as required for taking a small or large chip.

The primary object of the present invention is to provide improved and simplified means for adjusting the bit or plane iron longitudinally, and improved and simplified means for giving the bit or plane iron the necessary transversely swinging adjustment to bring the cutting edge thereof into parallelism with the throat of the plane.

To these and other ends, the invention consists in the novel features and combinations of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating a preferred embodiment of the invention, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the plane, Fig. 2 is a top plan view thereof, Fig. 3 is an enlarged section on line 3–3 of Fig. 1, Fig. 4 is an enlarged section on line 4–4 of Fig. 2, showing the plane adjusted for taking a small chip, Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 4 but showing the adjustment for rougher work, Fig. 6 is a section on line 6–6 of Fig. 4, Fig. 7 is a detail face view of the clamp, Fig. 8 is a similar view of the clamp from the reverse or under side, Fig. 9 shows a face view and an edge view of the adjusting plate for the clamp, Fig. 10 is a front or top view of the frog, detached, Fig. 11 is a rear or bottom view of the frog, detached, Fig. 12 is a detail section on line 12–12 of Fig. 11, and Fig. 13 is a detail section of the adjusting nut for the clamp.

Referring to the drawings, 20 designates the stock or bed of the plane, which is preferably made of metal of the usual channeled cross-section. The front handle of usual type is indicated at 21 and the ordinary rear handle is shown at 22. The bit or plane iron 23 is clamped against a frog 24 by means of a clamp 25. The bit is moved into and out of a throat 26 in the bed or sole of the stock by means of an adjusting screw 27 carried by the frog 24.

Referring particularly to Figs. 4 and 6, it will be noted that the stock is provided at opposite sides with abutments 28 adjacent the respective side walls. These abutments are slanted off at the top at a proper incline to provide a firm and substantial seat for the lower surface of the frog, and the latter is clamped to the abutments by means of screws 29. At the lower rear part of the frog 24 the latter carries a projecting lug 30 in which the lower end portion of the adjusting screw 27 is freely rotatable. The adjusting screw has a plain bearing in the lug 30 and is prevented from longitudinal movement with respect to said lug by means of collars on the screw at opposite sides of the lug. The lower collar, indicated at 31, is detachably held in place by a pin 32. The opposite or upper end of the adjusting screw 27 has a bearing in a lug 33 projecting from the rear upper portion of the frog and similar to the lug 30. The frog 24 is provided intermediate the lugs 30, 33 with a longitudinal slot 34 which serves as a guide for a bit-adjusting nut 35 having threaded engagement with the shank of the adjusting screw. The nut 35 has a portion projecting into and snugly fitting the slot 34, so that when a milled head 36 on the upper end of the screw 27 is rotated in one or the other direction, the nut 35 will be moved lengthwise of the frog in one or the other direction. This effects the longitudinal adjustment of the bit 23, which is provided at its rear surface with a notch 37 engaged by a pin 38 on the upper surface of the adjusting nut.

The transverse adjustment of the bit, in order to keep its cutting edge in parallelism with the throat, is effected by the following mechanism: At the upper or butt end of the bit or plane iron 23 the latter is provided with a longitudinal slot 39 the opposite side edges of which are adapted to be engaged by a nose 40 of an adjusting lever 41 pivoted to the lug 33 by means of a pin 42. The pin 42 is intermediate of the ends of the lever 41 and said lever is movable in a plane substantially perpendicular to the plane of the frog body and the plane of the bit. The adjusting lever is preferably formed of a sheet metal piece bent into U-shape at one end to afford a gripping portion 43 by means of which the lever may be manipulated. The oscillatory movement of the lever in either direction is not interfered with by the adjusting screw, as the lever is provided with a clearance opening 44 of considerably larger size than the portion of the screw shank which extends through said opening (Fig. 12), and it will be manifest that as the lever 41 is swung on its pivot 42 in one direction, one side of the nose 40 will be engaged by one of the side edges of the slot 39, whereby the bit will be swung transversely of the plane in one direction. If the adjusting lever is moved in the opposite direction the transverse adjusting movement of the bit will be opposite to that first indicated. Hence by proper adjustment of the lever 41 the bit or plane iron can easily be brought to a position in which its cutting edge has the desired parallel relation to the throat 26. Of course, this transverse adjustment of the bit by means of the lever 41 is not effected by the longitudinal adjustment of the bit, for as the latter is moved lengthwise the nose 40 of the adjusting lever will be engaged with the slot 39 at different points in its length. This arrangement of the transverse adjusting means has the advantage that the lever is engaged with the bit in a simple but positive way in all the lengthwise adjustments of the bit, the leverage on the bit being quite sufficient to move it with a slight effort. Moreover, the manipulating portion of the lever is located immediately adjacent and back of the head of the lengthwise adjustment screw, so that it may be reached and adjusted with maximum facility.

The clamp 23 for clamping the bit against the frog is adjusted longitudinally i. e. toward and away from the throat 26, by means of the following mechanism: The clamp has formed on the upper surface thereof opposing guide lugs 44 by means of which the clamp is guided along an adjusting plate 45. This plate has an elongated opening 46 in its body portion or shank to clear the clamping screw 47 which passes through a threaded hole 48 in the clamp 25 and bears at its inner end against the upper surface of the bit. The screw 47 is provided with a milled adjusting head 49. At its lower end the plate 45 is provided with a T-head 50 having on its upper surface a groove 51 extending transversely with respect to the adjusting plate and adapted to engage the under surface of a cross pin or bridge 52 fixed at its respective ends to the side walls or flanges of the stock. The plate 45 lies flat on the upper surface of the clamp 25 against which it is retained by the lugs 44, and when the T-head 50 of the plate has been engaged with the under portion of the cross pin 52 in the manner stated, the screwing in of the clamping screw 47 will obviously secure the clamp and the bit tightly in place, inasmuch as the cross pin 52 will act as a pivot about which the clamp is moved to bind its lower edge against the lower portion of the bit and the clamping screw 47 against the intermediate portion of the bit. The plate 45 therefore serves as an attachment for the clamp by means of which the latter may be placed in pivotal relation to the cross pin when the clamping screw 47 is properly adjusted, the clamp and adjusting plate being readily detachable from assembled position when the clamping screw is released from its binding engagement with the bit. At its upper end the plate 45 is provided with a threaded extremity 53 which engages interior screw threads of a milled adjusting nut 54 freely rotatable with respect to the clamp but movable longitudinally therewith. In the form shown, the hollow adjusting nut 54 is detachably seated in a boss or socket portion 55 formed integral with the upper end portion of the clamp. Beneath the boss 55, the under portion of the clamp is cut away at 55a to permit the nut 54 to be detachably seated in the boss, in which position a collar 56 on the nut is engaged with a groove 57 in the boss in order to prevent longitudinal movement of the nut in the latter when the parts are assembled. ln assembling, the nut is placed in its seat in the boss and the threaded extremity 53 of the adjusting plate is then engaged with the interior screw threads of the nut. When the nut is rotated in such a direction as to pull the threaded extremity or shank 53 into the same, the displacement of the nut from its seat will be effectively prevented and as the nut is rotated in one or the other direction the clamp 25 will be obliged to move toward or away from the throat, as the case may be, inasmuch as the plate 45 is fixed relatively to the stock by means of its engagement with the cross pin 52.

It will therefore be understood that with the construction described, the bit and the clamp may be easily moved into any desired relative positions. When a fine chip is to be taken, the screw 27 for effecting the longitudinal movement of the bit is so manipulated as to project the bit only to a very slight extent beyond the lower surface of the bed, and the nut 54 will be so manipulated as to move the lower edge of the clamp 25 into very close proximity to the cutting edge of the bit, as shown in Fig. 4. This adjustment of the clamp will have a certain effect in producing a fine chip and it will also effectively prevent chattering. In the position shown in Fig. 5, the plane is adjusted to take a large chip, the bit being projected farther out of the throat and the clamp being farther retreated from the edge of the bit. However, I do not claim the mechanism for clamping the bit on the frog, as the same forms no part of my invention.

Without limiting myself to the precise construction shown, I claim:

1. ln a plane, the combination of a stock, a frog detachably set in said stock and having a longitudinal slot extending through said frog, an adjusting screw substantially parallel to the geometrical plane of the frog at the rear of the latter, means forming a bearing for the lower end of said adjusting screw, an integral lug projecting rearwardly and downwardly from said frog at the upper rear portion of the latter, and serving as a bearing for the upper end portion of said adjusting screw, a nut threaded and traveling on said adjusting screw at the rear of the frog, a bit clamped on said frog, a part on said nut extending forwardly and upwardly into the slot of said frog, and operatively engaging said bit at a point intermediate of the ends of said bit and intermediate of the end bearings of said screw, and a milled adjusting head carried by said screw above the upper bearing; substantially as described.

2. ln a plane, the combination of a stock, a frog, a lug extending rearwardly from said frog at the upper rear part of the latter, an adjusting screw having a bearing in said lug, a bit, a nut on said screw to engage the bit and adjust it lengthwise, a lever for adjusting said bit transversely, pivoted on said lug and engaging a longitudinal slot in the bit and extending around the shank of said adjusting screw, and an adjusting head for said screw in close proximity to said lever; substantially as described.

3. ln a plane, the combination of a frog having a projecting lug, a bit clamped on said frog and having a longitudinal slot, an adjusting screw for the bit having a bearing in said lug and having connection with the bit to move the latter longitudinally, and a device mounted on said lug and engaged with the slot of the bit to adjust the bit in a transverse direction; substantially as described.

4. In a plane, the combination of a frog having a projecting lug, a bit clamped on said frog, an adjusting screw for adjusting the bit longitudinally, having a bearing in said lug, and a lever for adjusting the bit transversely, pivoted on said lug and having a clearance opening for said adjusting screw permitting the latter to project outwardly therebeyond; substantially as described.

5. ln a plane, the combination of a frog, having a projecting lug, a bit clamped on said frog, and having a longitudinal slot at the butt end portion thereof, an adjusting screw for adjusting the bit longitudinally, a lever for adjusting the bit transversely, arranged perpendicularly with respect to said adjusting screw, and having an opening to clear the latter, and means pivoting said lever on said lug to engage the slot in the bit and to move laterally; substantially as described.

6. In a plane, the combination of a frog, having a rearwardly and downwardly projecting lug, a bit clamped on said frog, an adjusting screw for adjusting the bit longitudinally, having a bearing in said lug, an adjusting head for said screw above and at the rear of said lug, and a lever for adjusting the bit transversely, pivoted on the upper rear surface of said lug, beneath, but in close proximity to said adjusting head, substantially as described.

7. In a plane, the combination of a stock, a frog detachably set in said stock and having a longitudinal slot extending through said frog, an adjusting screw substantially parallel to the geometricall plane of the frog at the rear of the latter, means forming a bearing for the lower end of said adjusting screw, an integral lug, projecting rearwardly and downwardly from said frog at the upper rear portion of the latter, and serving as a bearing for the upper end of said screw, a nut threaded and traveling on said adjusting screw at the rear of the frog, a bit clamped on said frog, a part on said nut extending forwardly and upwardly into the slot of said frog, and engaging an opening or notch in the bit intermediate of the ends of the latter, whereby said bit may be adjusted lengthwise, said bit having a longitudinal slot at the upper or butt-end portion thereof, above the point of engagement of said nut with said bit, and means engaging the slot of said bit to adjust the bit transversely; substantially as described.

8. In a plane, a stock, bearings at the opposite sides thereof to support a bit in an inclined position, a removable frog resting on said bearings, means for detachably securing the frog to said bearings, a bit on the frog, and adjusting means for the bit carried by the frog and arranged at the rear thereof between said bearings, substantially as described.

9. In a. plane, a stock, bearings at the opposite sides thereof, to support a bit in an inclined position, a removable frog resting on said bearings, means for detachably securing the frog to said bearings, a bit on the frog, and longitudinal and lateral adjusting means for the bit carried by the frog and arranged at the rear thereof between said bearings, substantially as described.

10. ln a plane, a stock, a frog on the stock, a bit clamped to the frog, and means for adjusting the bit longitudinally and laterally including a part on the frog constituting a bearing, an adjusting screw in said bearing, and an adjusting lever to impart lateral movement to the bit also mounted on said part and through which the adjusting screw passes.

11. In a plane, a stock, a frog on the stock, a bit clamped to the frog, and means for adjusting the bit longitudinally and laterally including a part on the frog constituting a bearing, an adjusting screw in said bearing, and an adjusting lever to impart lateral movement to the bit also mounted on said part and through which the adjusting screw passes, said lever being pivoted to the part and having an enlarged opening permitting play of the lever over the screw.

12. In a plane, a stock having suitable bearing portions, a detachable frog resting on and secured to said bearing portions, said frog having a slot therein, and rearwardly extending lugs beyond the ends of said slot, an adjusting screw mounted in said bearings, and means on the screw passing through the slot adapted to effect longitudinal adjustment of the bit, substantially as described.

13. In a plane, a stock having suitable bearing portions, a detachable frog resting on and secured to said bearing portions, said frog having a slot therein, and rearwardly extending lugs beyond the ends of said slot, an adjusting screw mounted in said bearings, means on the screw passing through the slot adapted to effect longitudinal adjustment of the bit, and means also supported by one of said bearing lugs adapted to engage the bit to adjust the same laterally.

14. ln a plane, a stock having suitable bearing portions, a detachable frog resting on and secured to said bearing portions, said frog having a slot therein, and rearwardly extending lugs beyond the ends of said slot, an adjusting screw mounted in said bearings, and means on the screw passing through the slot adapted to effect longitudinal adjustment of the bit, the lowermost bearing lug and the screw being arranged between the bearing portions of the stock to which the frog is secured.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand on the 6th day of May, 1914.

WILLIAM E. SPARKS.

Witnesses:
MABEL A. BUSSE,
ADELE M. LONGSTEIN.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,104,454 – Plane (William E. Sparks) (1914)

[paiddownloads id=”699″]1104454

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLIAM E. SPARKS, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO SARGENT &
COMPANY, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

1,104,454. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Jul. 21, 1914.
Application filed July 11, 1913. Serial No. 778,591.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM E. SPARKS, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and enact description.

This invention relates to planes, and more particularly to reversible rabbet planes.

The plane selected for illustration is of the type known as a show-case plane, it being adapted to cut the rabbets of showcases by movement in either direction.

The primary object of the invention is to provide a simple, efficient form of reversible rabbet plane in which reversal may be effected without adjustment of the cutting mechanism. To this end, the plane is provided with two cutters having a novel relation to each other and to the body or stock and clamped on the stock in a novel manner.

The invention also aims to improve certain general and detail features of construction in planes of the class to which my invention relates.

To these and other ends, the invention consists in the novel features and combinations of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane embodying my improvements, Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the same, Fig. 3 is a front end view, Fig. 4 is a section on line 4–4 of Fig. 2, Fig. 4a is a section on line 4a–4a of Fig. 2, Fig. 5 is a fragmentary plan view of the stock body with the cutters and clamp omitted, Fig. 6 is a bottom plan view of Fig. 5, and Fig. 7 shows the clamp in plan and in rear elevation.

Referring to the drawing, the stock or body 10 is formed of a flat metal plate having a knob or handle 11 projecting upward from the rear end. In advance of the knob 11 the body is provided with a raised portion or enlargement 12 having intersecting grooves 13, 14. The groove 13 is deeper than the groove 14 and said grooves lead completely to the forward edge of the stock at the corners thereof, as shown at 13a and 14a respectively in Fig. 5. Secured to the forward edge of the stock or body at the median portion thereof is a transverse nose piece 15 having an extension 16 opposing the open end 13a of the groove 13 and forming in connection therewith a throat 17 into which projects the forward cutting end of a cutter 18 located in the groove 13. At the opposite end of the nose piece 15 the same is provided with an extension 19 forming in connection with the forward extremity 14a of the groove 14, a throat 20 directed transversely of the plane in line with the throat 17 but at the opposite side of the plane, which throat 20 receives the cutting edge of a cutter 21. This cutter 21 is located in the groove 14 and its rear portion passes over and across the rear portion of the cutter 18. Both cutters 18 and 21 fit snugly in the corresponding grooves 13 and 14, and while the axes of the cutters are directed at an angle to a line extending transversely of the plane, the forward cutting edges of said cutters are substantially parallel to such a line as shown in Fig. 2.

Both cutters are clamped in position in the stock by the same clamping means. In the form shown, I employ a clamp 21a secured to the stock or bed plate 10 by a clamping screw 22. By preference, the screw 22 engages a threaded socket 23 tapped in the stock or bed plate at a point slightly in front of the intersection of the grooves 13, 14. The clamp 21a is formed of a metal plate extending transversely of the plane and having downturned extremities 24. One of these extremities 24 is adapted to rest upon the cutter 18 at a point slightly in the rear of the cutting edge, and the other downturned extremity 24 of the clamp is adapted to engage the cutter 21 in a similar location so that as the clamp screw 22 is screwed into its socket 23, the clamp will be forcibly brought down on both cutters so as to hold them securely in position.

In using the plane, the cutter 18 will be employed for cutting when the plane is moved in one direction, and when it is desired to reverse the plane and move it in the opposite direction, it is simply necessary to turn it around and use the cutter 21. Hence no adjustment of the cutters is necessary in reversing the plane.

In planing in corners or similar locations, the nose piece 15 may be entirely removed if desired, and this may be effected by removing a single screw 25 which passes through said nose piece into the forward edge of the bed plate. This single screw will hold the nose piece securely on the end of the bed plate in connection with a tongue and groove joint 26 formed at the meeting surfaces of the nose piece and bed plate, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4.

Without limiting myself to the construction shown, I claim:

1. In a plane, a bed plate or stock having transversely arranged throats at the opposite forward corners thereof, there being grooves in said bed plate extending rearwardly from said throats and intersecting each other, cutters adapted to fit said grooves, clamping means for said cutters located in front of the intersection of said grooves; and a knob fixed on said bed plate at the rear of such intersection; substantially as described.

2. In a plane, a bed plate having intersecting grooves, one of said grooves being deeper than the other at the point where said grooves intersect, cutters located in said grooves and overlapping each other, and a single means for clamping both cutters in said grooves; substantially as described.

3. In a plane, a bed plate having cutter-receiving grooves extending to one edge thereof, and a detachable nose piece applied to said edge of the bed plate and forming in connection with the ends of said grooves, throats for the cutting ends of the cutters; substantially as described.

4. In a plane, the combination of a bed plate or stock having transversely arranged throats at the opposite forward corners thereof, there being grooves in said bed plate extending rearwardly from said throats, cutters fitting said grooves, a single clamp to secure both of said cutters in the respective grooves at the same time, and a knob fixed to the bed plate at the rear of the cutters; substantially as described.

5. In a plane, the combination of a bed plate or stock, having intersecting cutter-receiving grooves terminating at the forward corners thereof, one of said grooves being deeper than the other at the point of intersection, cutters fitting the respective grooves, a single clamp for securing the cutters in the respective grooves, in overlapping relation, and a single detachable nose piece cooperating with the forward ends of both grooves to form throats for the cutters; substantially as described.

6. In a plane, a bed plate having cutter-receiving grooves on the upper surface thereof extending to one edge of the bed plate, a nose piece detachably secured to said edge of the bed plate between said grooves, and extensions on said nose piece located in front of the groove ends; substantially as described.

7. In a plane, the combination of a substantially flat bed plate, cutters projecting beyond the front edge of said bed plate at different points, means to secure said cutters on said bed plate, and a nose piece detachably secured to the front edge of the bed plate between said cutters and forming, in conjunction with the bed plate, throats for both cutters; substantially as described.

8. In a plane, the combination of a stock, crossed overlapping cutters having their cutting edges arranged at the respective forward corners of the stock, a single clamp for clamping both cutters on the stock at the same time, and a knob hired to the rear portion of the stock; substantially as described.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand on the 9th day of July 1913.

WILLIAM E. SPARKS.

Witnesses:
JOHN H. SHAW,
BERTHA RAY.

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Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
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