Tag: Winchester

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEONARD BAILEY, of Winchester, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Joiners’ Planes; and I do hereby declare that the same is fully described and represented in the following specification and the accompanying drawings, of which —

Figure 1, is a top view. Fig. 2, a side elevation; and Fig. 3, a vertical, central and longitudinal section of a plane having my improvement. Fig. 4, is a top view of the friction plate and its adjuster.

The nature of my invention consists in the application of a movable friction plate and a device for adjusting or moving it to the rear side of the throat of a plane stock, and so as to support the plane iron or cutter and be a means by which it may be set or adjusted with respect to the bearing or bottom of the plane stock.

In the drawings, A, denotes the stock of which B, is the throat; C, the plane iron, the latter with its cap iron D, being held in place by a lever E, a thumb cam F, and a bearer or screw, G.

The bearer extends upward from the rear side of the throat and through slots made in the plane iron, the cap iron and the lever and its head serves as a fulcrum to the lever. A spring, H, projecting from the lever as shown in the drawings, serves to separate the thumb cam from the cap in a manner to prevent the former from being turned by the latter while it is being moved longitudinally with the plane iron.

I, is a metallic plate, which is placed fiat against the rear face a, of the throat, B, and serves to support the plane iron. This plate I, is formed with a slot, b, and a circular opening, c, the latter being for the reception of an eccentric, d, projecting from a lever, e, which turns on a fulcrum or screw, f, arranged as shown in the drawings. By turning the lever on its fulcrum in one direction the friction plate, will be raised upward in the throat. So by turning the lever in the opposite way, the plate will be depressed, the amount of movement of the friction plate depending on that of the lever. As the plane iron or cutter rests directly on and is forced down upon the friction plate, it will be moved by and with the latter and so that its cutting edge may be adjusted with great nicety with respect to its distance from or beyond the supporting face or bottom surface of the stock.

The lever, e, the eccentric, d, and the opening c, I term the adjuster, as when applied to the stock and plate, I, as described, they constitute a means of adjusting the plane iron as explained. Were the adjuster applied directly to the plane iron as it is to the friction plate, that is were we to dispense with the friction plate and insert the eccentric of the adjuster in a circular orifice made in the plane iron, it will be readily seen that but very little wear of the plane iron, such as must necessarily take place in sharpening it, or in other words, a reduction of its length, a distance equal to the eccentricity of the eccentric, would render the iron useless. By having a friction plate independent of the plane iron, the extent of grinding or reduction of the plane iron is not limited to the amount of eccentricity of the eccentric, but may be carried on to a much greater extent. Thus, the advantages of my invention will be apparent. It can be applied to most ordinary plane stocks without alteration of the plane iron, or any addition thereto, and it enables the plane iron to be adjusted with great nicety, without requiring the fastening contrivance to be first loosened.

I claim —

The combination of the movable friction plate, I, (separate from the plane iron, C,) and its adjuster or the equivalent of the latter with the throat of the plane stock and to operate the plane iron substantially as specified.
In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my signature.

LEONARD BAILEY.

Witnesses:
R. N. EDDY,
F. P. HALE, Jr.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEONARD BAILEY, of Winchester, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Hand-Planes; and I do hereby declare that the same is fully described and represented in the following speciiication and the accompanying drawings, of which —

Figure 1 denotes a top view of a smoothing plane having my invention applied to it; Fig. 2, a side elevation of it, while Fig. 3 is a central, vertical and longitudinal section of it. Fig. 4 is an underside view of the plane iron and its cap, Fig. 5 being a top view of the same. Fig. 6 is a view of the clamp lever and thumb cam thereof to be hereinafter described.

The object of my invention is to provide the plane with a ready means of fixing the plane iron or cutter in the stock or of removing the same therefrom as well as of adjusting the plane iron in the stock as circumstances may require.

In the drawings, A, exhibits the plane stock furnished with a throat, B, for the reception of the cutter or plane-iron, C, or the same and its cap iron, D. In the above mentioned drawings the cap iron, D, is exhibited as confined to the plane iron or cutter, C, by means of a screw h, extending upward from the underside of the cutter C, and through a long slot, b, formed in the said cutter as shown in Figs. 3 and 4. The bearing surface of the throat or that marked d, d, in Fig. 3, is furnished with a recess, e, for the reception of the head of the screw, h, by which the cap iron is confined to the plane iron, such recess being made of a sufficient size or diameter to allow the necessary longitudinal movements of the plane iron. Furthermore, the cap-iron as shown in the drawing, is made with a hole, f, arranged midway between its two edges and directly over the slot in the plane iron, such hole being to enable the plane iron and its cap to be passed over the head of a bearer or screw F, inserted in the plane stock and made to project from the bearing surface d, d, as shown in Fig. 3. In connection with this screw or bearer, F, a clamp lever or plate, G, is employed, it being formed as represented in the drawings and hinged or jointed at its upper end to a thumb cam, H. Moreover, the clamp lever, G, has an elongated slot, s, made through it, the said slot in one half its length being circular in form and having a diameter or width somewhat larger than the head of the bearer or screw, F, while the remainder of the slot is constructed of a width or diameter less than that of the head of the screw and sufficient to receive the shank of the screw the whole being as shown in the drawings. In consequence of the slot being so made we are enabled to slip or pass the clamp lever, G, over the head of the screw and to press the said clamp lever, G, downward in such manner as to cause the head of the bearer or screw to project beyond the sides of the slot, and constitute a fulcrum for the clamp plate when the thumb cam is turned down into the position as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. By turning the thumb cam down, we clamp or confine the plane iron in the stock, but by turning such thumb cam upward so as to bring it into the position as represented in Fig. 7 (which is another longitudinal section of the plane) we loosen the clamp lever from the bearer in such manner as to enable us either to remove it therefrom or to adjust the plane iron as circumstances may require. By turning backward the thumb cam, it will be made to so operate against the plane iron or the cap thereon as to raise the upper end of the clamp lever and force the lower end against the bearer in such manner as to cause the lower end of the clamp plate to be pressed downward upon the plane iron and secure such iron firmly upon its bearing surface, d, d. Thus it will be seen that by means of the bearer, the clamp lever and the thumb cam the plane iron may be secured in place in the throat of the plane stock or released therefrom with great facility or expedition.

By making the shank of the bearer to screw into the stock we cause the bearer to be adjustable with reference to the seat of the plane iron, and therefore we have a means of readily adapting the bearer to a plane iron of any ordinary thickness, whether provided or not with a cap iron, the adjustment of the bearer being for the purpose of causing the thumb cam and the clamp lever to be brought into the proper situations to enable them by their conjoint action as described to fasten the plane iron to the stock. If desirable, there may be two bearers, F, but I prefer to have but one, as such is quite suflicient. These bearers may be arranged near the edges and may project either from or into the stock. A single bearer, however, arranged in the middle of the seat of the plane iron and either made stationary or adjustable with respect to such seat is far preferable to more than one. Furthermore by the employment of one bearer and its arrangement at the middle of the plane iron and the clamp lever as described the lower bearing edge of the clamp lever is left free to perfectly or so perfectly adjust itself to the plane iron or the cap iron thereof as to bear thereon throughout the entire length of the edge.

I claim —

The application and arrangement of one or more bearers, F, the clamp lever, G, and the thumb cam, H, together and with respect to the top surface of the plane iron and the bearing surface or cutter seat, d, d, of the throat substantially as represented and described.

LEONARD BAILEY.

Witnesses:
R. H. EDDY,
F. P. HALE, Jr.