Tag: Blade Setting

No. 195,481 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Henry M. Clark) (1877)

[paiddownloads id=”283″]195481

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

HENRY M. CLARK, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 195,481, dated September 25, 1877; application filed August 6, 1877.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY M. CLARK, of New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Devices for Adjusting Plane-Irons, of which the following is a specification:

My invention consists in the employment of a transverse slide. provided with an inclined slot and operating screw, and also in the peculiar construction of the parts, as hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a device for adjusting plane-irons which embodies my invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the same on line x x of Fig. 1, with cap and plane-iron removed, the same being viewed from a point at right angles to the face of the frog; and Fig. 3 is a transverse section of the same on line y y of Fig. 2.

The stock A may be any of the ordinary kinds, and the frog B can be secured thereto in any proper manner. Transversely to the frog B is a recess or depression, a, which is made shallow on the right-hand side of the frog and deep on the left-hand side of the frog. The body of a screw, b, passes through the solid metal of the frog just under the shallow portion of the depression a, and the screw proper extends into the deeper portion of said depression.

The outer end of the screw b is provided with a suitable head or handle, c, for operating said screw, and it is prevented from longitudinal movement by shoulders at each end of its bearing in the frog.

Fitted to move in the depression a is a slide, C, having an inclined slot, d, and threaded lug e, through which lug the screw b passes. By turning the screw the slide may be moved endwise either to the right or left, as may be desired.

Another slide, D, is fitted to slide longitudinally in a recess in the frog B, and the upper end of this longitudinal slide is provided on its under side with a projecting pin or stud, f Fig. 3, also indicated by broken lines in Fig. 2, which pin or stud engages the side walls of the inclined slot in the slide C. In the lower end of the longitudinal slide is an orifice to receive the head of the ordinary cap-screw, which orifice, g, Fig. 2, may be elongated somewhat from right to left, so that the plane-irons F may be moved sidewise a little to bring the end of the cutting-bit square with the face of the stock.

When the transverse slide is moved endwise, by means of the operating screw, the side walls of the inclined slot d engage the pin or stud f and move the longitudinal slide and plane-irons.

If the slide C is moved to the right, the Iongitudinal slide D is forced downward, carrying the plane-irons with it, and, if moved to the left, the plane-irons are drawn upward into the stock with said slide.

If desired, instead of connecting the longitudinal slide to the plane-irons through means of the ordinary cap-screw, a stud may be attached directly to the cutting-iron, and received in the orifice at the lower end of the longitudinal slide.

My adjustment is very cheaply constructed, and adjusts the plane-iron with ease and smoothness.

I claim as my invention —

1. In a device for adjusting plane-irons, the transverse slide, provided with inclined slot and operating mechanism for moving said slide transversely to the plane-iron, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

2. In a device for adjusting plane-irons, the screw b, set transversely to the frog, and secured from longitudinal movement, in combination with the incline slotted slide, provided with threaded lug e, which receives the adjusting-screw, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

HENRY M. CLARK.

Witnesses:
T. A. CONKLIN,
JAMES SHEPARD.

No. 192,132 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Samuel D. Sargent) (1877)

[paiddownloads id=”279″]192132

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

SAMUEL D. SARGENT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE AND LEVEL COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 192,132, dated June 19, 1877; application filed November 4, 1876.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL D. SARGENT, of New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification:

My invention consists, in a device for adjusting plane-bits, of a link constructed to operate in the manner hereinafter shown and described.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a bench-plane which embodies my invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same with the cap and plane-irons removed. Figs. 3 and 4 are side elevations, showing diifcrent modifications of the adjusting mechanism for said plane; and Fig. 5 is a diagram to aid in the explanation of my invention.

A designates the stock, and B the handle, both of which may be of any ordinary form and of any suitable material.

The object of my invention is to provide cheap, simple, and eflicient means for adjusting the cutting-bit in its proper position within the stock.
C designates the bit, which may be either a single or double iron, as may be desired. Upon the under side of said bit a series of alternate ribs and channels are formed, as shown in Fig. 1. Upon the under side of the frog a, which frog is the bed upon which the plane iron or bit rests, there is a screw, b, which, in Fig. 1, is a fixed stud threaded externally, and upon it is a larger screw, c, threaded internally to fit the screw b, and externally to fit the nut d, which it carries, the external. thread of the screw c being one banded, and its internal thread and thread of the screw b being threaded in the reverse direction. The larger screw c is also provided with a suitable head, D, or operating-handle.

To the nut d of the screw c one end of a link, e, is secured, and its opposite end lies loosely in a longitudinal slot formed in the frog a, as shown in Fig. 2. This lower end of the link e has a thin projection, which projects a little above the face of the frog, and engages in one of the grooves or channels formed in the under side of the bit, and it is necessary that the link at this end shall rest on ways or other support, so that said end cannot disengage from the plane-bit. The link between its two ends must be clear of all bearings, so as to allow of its free movement. The ordinary holding-cap E, or other proper means, holds the bit in place.

By turning the screw c in one direction the nut d is forced toward the frog a, carrying with it that end of the link e, and, as said link cannot change its length, it follows that the lower end, which is engaged with the cutting-bit, must move downward in the slot in the frog a, and, being so engaged. it must also force the cutting-bit downward with it. By turning the screw in the opposite direction the bit is drawn upward.

The link, for convenience’ sake, is made crooked; but its operation is the same, so long as it is sufficiently rigid, as if it was formed on a straight line between its ends — that is, from the point at which it is secured to the nut to its projecting point at the time of the frog. The operation of this link is, perhaps, more clearly illustrated by reference to the diagram, Fig. 5. The screw, the frog, and the link together form a triangle. In Fig. 5 the side J K is the base of the triangle, and represents the axial line of the screw; the side J 1 the perpendicular, and represents the face line of
the frog, and the side K 1 the hypotenuse, and represents the axial line of the link.

ln the adjustment of the plane iron with this triangular mechanism the link or hypotenuse of the triangle is made to change its position; but it is so confined that its two ends will always be one on the base-line, and the other on the perpendicular-Iine, of a triangle. Three different positions of the link are represented in Fig. 5 — the first by the solid line K 1, the second by the broken line L 2, and the third by the dotted line M 3 — by which it will be seen that, as one end of the hypotenuse is changed in such direction as to shorten the base, the vertex of the vertical angle is carried away from the base. In the diagram the vertex of the vertical angle is changed about one-eighth of an inch for every change there represented. A link engaging with a plane-bit, and changing its position in like manner, would move said bit one-eighth of an inch for every such change.

In Fig. 1 there is a compound screw, hereinbefore described. Its object is to get all the advantage of a fine-threaded screw and the speed of a coarse-threaded one. Such compound screw moves the nut fd just twice as far as it would be moved by it single screw having the same number of threads to an inch, whereby a less number of revolutions of the screw are required in order to effect the desired adjustment than with a single screw.

In Fig. 3 a single screw, F, is shown; but the link and nut are the same as those shown in Fig. 1. The screw is also set at an oblique angle to the face of the frog, in which position the movement of the nut endwise on the screw gives a greater range of motion to the lower end of the link than it would otherwise have.

In Fig. 4 two links, f g, are employed, and jointed together at their meeting ends. The link g is confined to the frog at one end to prevent longitudinal movement. An arm or extension at one end of the link f rests in at grooved nut, h, working on the screw G, and the opposite end of said link f plays loosely in a slot in the frog, as before described for the link e, the object of the additional link g in said rnodification being merely to give a little more throw to the adjustment.

In all of the modifications and mechanisms herein described the link e is employed and arranged to operate substantially the same.

I claim as my invention —

In a device for adjusting plane-bits, the link e, constructed to operate substantially as shown and described, for the purpose set forth.

SAMUEL D. SARGENT.

Witnesses:
FRED. N. STANLEY,
T. A. CONKLIN.

No. 189,415 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Leonard Bailey) (1877)

[paiddownloads id=”276″]189415

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

LEONARD BAILEY, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 189,415, dated April 10, 1877; application filed February 16, 1877.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEONARD BAILEY, of Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, whereby a person skilled in the art can make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

Like letters in the figures indicate the same parts.

My improvement relates to such bench-planes as are provided with an adjustment for regulating the depth of cut while the bit remains set in the stock.

My invention has for its object a better means of accomplishing the adjustment of the cutting-edge of the bit or iron in the throat of the stock, so as to produce the desired result; and it consists in the mechanical combination and arrangement of the several parts, as will be hereinafter described, and as an improvement upon Letters Patent granted to me December 12, 1876, No. 185,280.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a side view of my improved plane. Fig. 2 is a top view with the cap and bit removed, so as to show the top of the adjusting mechanism. Fig. 3 is a top view of the bit or iron removed from the stock. Fig. 4 is a view of the back or under side of the adjusting mechanism removed from the stock.

A is the stock. B is the bit or iron. C is a cap, corresponding to the wedge, for holding the bit in place. It is provided with ears which enter into slots in the stock, and its lower edge rests upon the bit. It is provided with the set-screw D, operated by the handle E, for clamping the bit firmly down upon its bed.

F is a milled head for operating the adjusting mechanism. It has the pinon G, which turns with it and gears into the wheel H. Both of these wheels turn upon axes fixed in the plate I.

The wheel H is provided with the cam-slot J, in which runs the stud K, which also passes through the plate I, which is furnished with a straight slot, and is attached to the link L. This link moves longitudinally in a groove in the upper side of the plate I, and lies immediately under and next to the bit B when it is in place. The stud M upon the lower end of the link enters into one of the holes N in the bit, and communicates motion to it from the cam-slot in the wheel H when the milled-headed wheel F is turned.

By means of my invention a regular and slow motion can be given to the bit to advance or withdraw it through the throat of the stock.

It will also be observed that on account of the multiplying wheels G and H, the cam can be made short, not to exceed a complete turn, so that it can be constructed with a variable inclination, and be of such a form that at any point an equal amount of turn in the head F will advance the bit an equal amount. This gives the user of the tool a better control over the movement of the cutting-edge, and enables him to set it exactly without waste of time.

What I claim as my invention is —

The combination of the longitudinally-slot ted bed-plate I, the link L, provided with the studs M K, the pinion G, and the gear-wheel H, having the cam-slot J, constructed to operate as shown and described, and for the purpose specified.

LEONARD BAILEY.

Witnesses:
THEO. G. ELLIS,
WILMOT HORTON.

No. 186,998 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Henry A. Foss) (1877)

[paiddownloads id=”275″]186998

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

HENRY A. FOSS, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 186,998, dated February 6, 1877; application filed January 9, 1877.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY A. FOSS, of New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented a new Improvement in Bench-Planes; and I do hereby declare the following, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, and which said drawings constitute part of this specification, and represent, in —

Figure 1, a side view, and in Fig. 2 a longitudinal central section; and Fig. 3, a modiication.

This invention relates to an improvement in the method of adjusting the bit or iron of bench-planes. It consists in the arrangement of a differential screw, one portion of which is connected with the bit, the other with the stationary nut, and so that, by turning the screw, the iron will be moved only the difference between the thread of the two parts, as more fully hereinafter set forth.

A is the body of the plane; B, the handle; C, the bit or plane-iron, held in place by the clamp D, all in substantially the usual manner. Referring to Fig. 2, the screw is shown as made in two parts. In rear of the bit C, and in a line substantially parallel thereto, one part, E, of the screw is arranged, its lower end supported in a suitable socket, F, and with an arm, G, extending toward the bit, and connected therewith through the cap-screw H or otherwise, so that the movement of the screw will move the bit accordingly. Onto the part E of the screw the second tubular part L of the screw is set, threaded both inside and out, the inside thread corresponding to the thread of the part E, and either coarser or finer than the thread on the outside of the part L — that is, so that there be a substantial diierence in the two threads. The part L is placed in a stationary nut, N, and is provided with a suitable head, P, by which it may be turned. The screw-threads are both the same — that is, both right or left hand threads, as may be desirable — therefore, by turning the part L so as to run it downward, the part E will correspondingly run up into the part L, and the downward movement of the part L will be only the diderence between the two threads; as, for instance, suppose the external thread ofthe part L to be twenty, and that of the part E thirty, then a full revolution of the part L would run that screw down one-twentieth of an inch, and draw the part E up one-thirtieth of an inch; hence the downward movement of the part L would be one-sixtieth of an inch, and the bit would be moved accordingly. This enables a very iine and delicate adjustment of the bit, but yet positive and firm in its operation.

Instead of making the differential screw in two parts, as in Fig. 2, it may be a single piece, as in Fig. 3, the upper part L engaging in the nut in the same manner as the first illustration, the lower part E working in a connection which extends to the bit; making therefore the same difference between the two parts E and L, the same result will be attained.

I am aware that various devices have been used in bench-planes for the mechanical adjustment of the bit, and that among these a single screw has been used; I therefore do not wish to be understood as broadly claiming such a mechanical device; but

What I do claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

ln combination with the body and bit of a bench-plane, a differential screw, one part working in connection with the bit, the other in a stationary nut, substantially as and for the purpose described.

HENRY A. FOSS.

Witnesses:
AUSTIN HART,
MICHAEL T. TOOMEY.

No. 186,281 – Improvement In Devices For Adjusting Plane-Irons (Justus A. Traut) (1877)

[paiddownloads id=”274″]186281

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

IMPROVEMENT IN DEVICES FOR ADJUSTING PLANE-IIRONS.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 186,281, dated January 16, 1877; application filed January 24, 1876.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, of New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Devices for Adjusting Plane Irons, of which the following is a specification:

My invention consists in the employment, in a plane-stock, of a revolving handle provided with a scroll-thread upon its face, all as hereinafter described:

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a central longitudinal section of a plane, showing an adjusting device which embodies my invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view of detached parts thereof, showing the frog and scroll-thread.

The stock A and handle B may be of any ordinary construction, and either of wood or iron. The cap-plate C and plane-iron D, together with the fastening device E, may also be of any construction now known. Upon an arm, a, or other support secured. to the body of the stock A, I place a revolving handle, b, the edge of which is made ina convenient form to be rotated by hand, and the upper face of which is provided with a scroll-thread, c. This revolving handle and scroll is so secured to the stock; that its face will be nearly in line with the face of the frog d, which supports the plane-iron. I form a lug, g, on the cap-plate C, which projects downward, and through the slot in the plane-iron D. The plane-iron and its cap-plate are secured together by the screw it in the ordinary manner, so that both move together. The lug g is so placed in the cap-plate that when in position for use, as shown in Fig. 1, it engages with the scroll-thread c.

By rotating the handle b in one direction the lug g will be thrown toward the outer end of the scroll, and it will carry the cap-plate and plane-iron with it, and draw them into the stock A. By reversing the movement of the scroll-thread the lug and plane-iron are carried in the opposite direction, whereby any desired adjustment of the plane-iron may be effected.

I have herein described the lug g as set in the cap-plate C; but it is evident that the result would be the same in case the lug g were set in the plane-iron D, and that more than one lug might be employed, if desired.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

ln a plane-stock, the revolving handle b, provided with a scroll-thread, c, upon its face, constructed and operating substantially as described, and for the purposes set forth.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
T. A. CONKLIN,
JAMES SHEPARD.

No. 185,280 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Leonard Bailey) (1876)

[paiddownloads id=”272″]185280

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

LEONARD BAILEY, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 185,280, dated December 12, 1876; application filed August 31, 1876.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEONARD BAILEY, of Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented an Improvement in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, where —

Figure 1 is a side view of a plane bearing my improvements. Fig. 2 is a cross-section on plane x x, looking rearward, as denoted by arrow A, with the plane-irons and fastening cap removed. Fig. 3 is a cross-section on plane y’ y’, looking forward, as denoted by arrow B, with the operating-disk removed. Fig. 4 is a detail view of the rear side of the plane-irons.

The invention is an apparatus or attachment for moving the iron or chisel up and down within limits — that is, for adjusting the chisel.

The letter a denotes the body of an iron plane; b, the bed for the chisel, to the back of which, by screw c, is fastened the bed-elongation d. On shaft-pin e, which projects from the back side of elongation d, is hung, rotarily, the operating-disk f, by which I mean, the disk operated by the user in order to adjust the chisel. On the same shaft-pin, and rigid with the disk f is hung the pinion g, meshing into the gear-segment h, hung on the pin i, projecting from the back of elongation d. In groove i, made in the front side of elongation d, lies and travels the slide k, and a pin, l, projecting rigidly from its back, runs through the mortise m in elongation d, and through the slot n in gear-segment h.

The head of screw o, which holds the two chisels together, lies in the round hole at the lower end of slide k, so that, when the chisels are in place, they and the slide must move together. By rotating the disk f one way or the other, the pinion g and gear segment h are correspondingly rotated, and the pin l, and with it the slide k and irons or chisels, moved up or down correspondingly. When adjusted, the chisels are held to plane in a common manner by means of fastening-cap p and screw v.

I claim as my invention —

1. In combination, bed-elongation d, disk and pinion f g, gear-segment h, and pin l, all substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In combination, disk and pinion f g, gear-segment h, and slide k, all substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

LEONARD BAILEY.

Witnesses:
M. F. DOOLEY,
ROBT. F. GAYLORD.

No. 180,050 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (William Montgomery) (1876)

[paiddownloads id=”265″]180050

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLIAM MONTGOMERY, OF AMITY, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 180,050, dated July 18, 1876; application filed April 27, 1876.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM MONTGOMERY, of Amity, in the county of Washington and State of Pennstylvania, have invented Improvements in Bench-Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, which forms part of this specification.

My invention relates to a new combination of devices for adjusting and clamping the blade or plane iron in the stock of the plane; and it consists in the combination of devices employed as hereinafter more fully set forth.

Figure 1 in the accompanying drawing, represents a vertical longitudinal section through my improved plane. Fig. 2 is a section through the plane irons and attachments thereof on the line x x. Fig. 3 is a top view of the bed-plate, to which the clamping-lever, which secures the irons in the plane-stock, is pivoted. Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating the manner in which the grain of the wood runs in relation to the face of the plane.

A is the stock, which may be made of wood or metal. The said stock is thinner, measured vertically, at the rear end or heel than at the forward end, and at the rear end the stock is provided with a projection, p, which supports inpart the handle n. In cutting the plane-stock to the wedge form the grain of the wood is cut obliquely across, as shown in Fig. 4, in which the dotted lines represent the grain of the wood, and the line f f represents the face of the plane. The bed-plate B, shown in Fig. 3, and in section in Fig. 1, is attached to the top of the plane-stock A, at the back of the throat T of said stock, the attachment being made by screws x. The bed-plate B has at its front end lugs l, Fig. 3, to which is pivoted, by a screw-bolt, or in any other suitable manner, the bent lever L, the said bed-plate being cut away between the said lugs to make room for said lever L, and the tops of said lugs being rounded off, to allow the plane-irons i t to retreat far enough at the top to allow the insertion of a wedge under them at the bottom. The front part of the lever L passes down into the throat T of the plane, a recess, r, being formed in the back of said throat for the reception of the said front part of said lever, and the rear part of said lever passes backward over the top of the bed-plate, at the rear of the said throat T. In the rear part of said lever is fitted a thumb-screw, R, and in the front part of said lever is formed a dovetail-groove, g, shown in section in Fig. 2.

The head of the screw m, which holds the top iron on the cutting-iron of the plane, is made in the form of a frustum of a cone, and of dimensions to adapt it to the dovetail groove g in the front part of the lever L. The point of the thumb-screw R rests in a notched saddle, S, either on the handle h, the bed-plate B, or the plane-stock A, in various kinds of planes, and the said screw may fit a female screw in the rear end of the lever L, or it may fit the thread of a nut swiveled to the said lever. The half-handle h is formed in one piece with the bed-plate B, as shown in Fig. 1, when the plane-stock A is made of wood; but when the plane-stock is made of metal the bed-plate B may be dispensed with, and the lugs l of the same, and the handle h, may be cast in one piece with said stock. And when a jack-handle is used, it is attached to the stock, and not to the bed-plate B. Also, in long-faced planes the projection p, which supports the rear of the handle in short-faced planes, is omitted, there being space enough for the support of said handle without the projection. The cutting iron i and top iron t are fitted into the throat, as shown in Fig. 1, the top iron being held upon the cutting-iron by the screw m, which passes through the slot n, in the cutting-iron, and screws into the top iron in the usual manner.

The adjustment and clamping of the irons i and t are performed as follows: The top iron t is placed in its proper position on the cutting-iron i, and is fastened there by the screw m. The irons are then placed in the throat T of the stock A, the head of the screw in passing down into the groove g of the lever L. The screw R is then turned down, and, its point being prevented from advancing, the hinder part of the lever L is forced upward. This forces the lower part of the lever L downward and rearward, and draws backward and downward the screw m, the head of which is engaged in the groove g of the said lever, and the opposite end of which is engaged in the female screw of the top iron, t. The plane-irons are thus firmly pressed against the lower part of the throat of the plane-stock, and that part of the lever L in front of the pivot of said lever, which pressure securely clamps the irons in the plane-stock.

The head of the screw m might be made of proper form to engage a groove of rectangular cross-section in the lower part of the lever L; but I prefer the dovetail groove and the corresponding shape of head for the said screw, because this form gives a wedging action, which holds the irons powerfully without excessive strain on the thumb-screw R.

A cheap, easy-running, and durable plane is thus produced, in which the handle is brought down nearer the work than in planes heretofore used, and hence the muscular power of the operator is more efficiently applied.

I claim —

The combination of the stock A, having projection p, with the pivoted lever L, provided with a dovetail groove in its face, adjusting-screw R, notched saddle S, bed-plate and handle B h, and screw m, all constructed to operate as shown and described, and for the purpose specified.

WILLIAM MONTGOMERY.

Witnesses:
B. F. MONTGOMERY,
JAMES B. MONTGOMERY.

No. 176,152 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Justus A. Traut And Henry Richards) (1876)

[paiddownloads id=”262″]176152

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT AND HENRY RICHARDS, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 176,152, dated April 18, 1876; application filed December 27, 1875.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JUSTUS A. TRAUT and HENRY RICHARDS, of New Britain, county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Bench-Planes; and to enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same, we will proceed to describe it, referring to the drawings, in which the saine letters indicate like parts in each of the figures.

The nature of this invention consists in the device for holding and adjusting the cutting-iron.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side view of a plane, having one side portion of the stock removed to show the incline brackets, upon which the cutting-iron is held, and the compound levers for adjusting the irons. Fig. 2 is a top view of the compound levers detached from the stock. Fig. 3 is a side view of the compound levers detached from the stock. Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the adjustable stud by means of which the cut of the iron is regulated through the mouth of the plane by means of the compound levers and the rocking spindle.

The object of this invention is to cheapen the manufacture, and produce a simple, sure, and effective mode of adjusting and holding the irons in the desired condition.

a is the stock. b is the handle; c, the knob for steadying the plane. S is a fastening-pad, which bears upon the lower end or face of the iron, and takes bearings on the upper side against the pins t t, and is provided with a thumb-screw, u, by means of which the iron, when adjusted, is held firmly in place. This fastening-pad and all above described are now in common use. d represents inclined brackets, arranged a short distance apart each way from the center of the stock, and in diverging lines back from the mouth e of the plane, and form bearings for the cutting-irons. f is a rocking spindle, having a groove, g, and a lever, h. This rocking spindle with its lever it is secured by fulcrum-bearings between and near the upper end of the brackets d, while the wrist-pin i in the lower end of the lever h vibrates in an opening in one of the brackets d. j is a thumb-lever, having near its lower end an opening to receive the pin i, which is secured near the lower end of one of the brackets d by a screw, m, and with or without a friction-collar, m’, so that by raising or depressing the lever j by a thumb-pad, n, the required vibration or rotation of the rocking spindle having the groove g will be produced, to cause the movement of the iron up or down. o is a stud, having a tooth projection, o’, fitted to, and working in, the groove of the rocking spindle f This stud o is fitted to play in an opening, p, formed in the cutting-iron or cap-plate, so as to allow it to be adjusted to its proper position, and then secured by a nut, r. Thus it will be seen that by the use of the adjustable stud o its tooth can be readily adjusted, and firmly secured to a single or double iron from time to time, as it becomes worn or ground off from its cutting end, and when the tooth o’ is placed in the groove g of the rocking spindle f by the action of the compound levers h j up and down, the cutting-iron can be easily and accurately adjusted and firmly secured by the fastening-pad S in the common way.

What we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The combination of the levers h j, rocking spindle f, having groove g and brackets d, with the stud o, having the tooth projection o’, substantially as shown and described.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT. [L. S.] HENRY RICHARDS. [L. S.]

Witnesses:
EDWARD B. WILDER,
JEREMY W. BLISS.

No. 174,870 – Improvement In Carpenters’ Planes (Elliot G. Storke) (1876)

[paiddownloads id=”259″]174870

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ELLIOT G. STORKE, OF AUBURN, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN CARPENTERS’ PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 174,870, dated March 14, 1876; application filed February 7, 1876.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELLIOT G. STORKE, of Auburn, in the State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carpenters’ Planes, of which the following is a specification:

The object of my invention is to provide a simple, easy, and exact method of adjusting the bits or cutters of carpenters’ planes.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical central section of an ordinary metallic plane embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the same with the bit removed.

Similar letters refer to the same parts in the respective figures.

A is the bed-plate for the support of the bit. Near the transverse center thereof is placed the sliding plate B, running in ways cut in the said bed-plate, having in its upper face an oval recess, C, for the reception of the cap screw heads of double plane-irons. From the lower face of the said sliding plate projects the shank-nut D, so far below the bed-plate that when the screw E is passed through its lower end, on a line parallel with the pitch of the plane-iron, a large thumb-wheel, F, can be mounted upon the upper end thereof without colliding with the plane-iron above or the plane-body below. That thumb-wheel is supplied with six arms, H, equally spaced upon its hub, giving as many distinct and conveniently-located levers, by which the workman can easily revolve the said wheel and move the parts with which it is connected. From the lower face of the bed-plate A, and near its upper end, projects the shank-bearing for the adjusting-screw G, of the same length as the shank-nut D, and in line therewith. Through the lower end of the said shank-bearing passes the upper end of the screw E into the hub of the said thumb-wheel, the former being shouldered where it joins the inner face of the latter, and the wheel, being pinned to the screw, carries the latter with it. Now, by revolving the thumb-wheel in the shank-bearing G, the shank-nut D and the sliding plate B are raised or lowered at pleasure, giving to the cutters a corresponding movement, and securing any desired thickness of shaving.

It will be seen from the foregoing description that my invention consists, mainly, in devices by which plane-bits are adjusted by a single direct-acting screw, operating through the medium of the cap-plates of double irons. The two shanks or lugs D and G, the screw E and sliding plate B, and the thumb-wheel F, with its arms H, are the devices employed for this purpose.

By projecting those lugs far below the bed-plate A — that is to say, far enough to carry the axis of the thumb-wheel to the center, or thereabout, of the space between the plane-iron and plane-body — I am enabled to use upon the screw E a large thumb-wheel supplied with the lever-arms H, and I thus gain all the power necessary to move the bits easily by the single screw E. The arms H, lying both to the right and left of the plane-handle, are easily and conveniently operated by the workman, either by the thumb from the left, or the fingers from the right, or both conjointly, without removing the hand — a device possessing decided conveniences over the circular thumb-screw heads heretofore in use for the same purpose.

I am aware that screws have been applied directly to plane-irons for their adjustment, but not in that way to the cap-plates of double irons, nor to their screw-heads. In the latter application the maximum movement of the operating-screw is less than one-half inch, in the former fully two and one-half inches, and a special attachment must be made to the cutter in which to work the screw; but that application, so far as I am informed, has been abandoned for the lack of power to operate the bits, and in its stead various combinations of single levers, or levers and cams operated by screws, have been resorted to, the objection to which is the increased cost of construction, and the greater liability to derangements and backlash.

I am also aware that various devices for adjusting plane-bits have been applied to the cap-plates or cap-screw heads of double plane-irons, but none, it is believed, in which that adjustment has been effected by a single screw without other intermediate devices.

The simplicity, durability, and practical efficiency of the devices herein described will, it is believed, be clearly apparent, as well as their superiority to those hitherto employed for the same purpose.

Having described my invention, I shall state my claim as follows:

The direct-acting or adjusting screw, having a thumb-wheel formed with lever-arms, as described, in combination with the bed-plate, having an elongated shank-bearing, and the sliding socket-plate, having an elongated shank-nut, all substantially as and for the purposes shown and set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name this 3d day of February, A. D. 1876.

ELLIOT G. STORKE.

Witnesses:
H. L. STORKE,
LEWIS L. SMITH.

No. 173,177 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Josef Nicht) (1876)

[paiddownloads id=”256″]173177

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOSEF NICHT, OF AUBURN, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 173,177, dated February 8, 1876; application filed July 29, 1875.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEF NICHT, of Auburn, in the county of Cayuga and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes; and that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings making a part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 represents a perspective view of my improved plane, with the plane-irons and fastening-cap removed. Fig. 2 represents a longitudinal vertical section through my improved plane. Fig. 3 represents a detached view of the mechanism employed for raising or lowering the plane-irons. Fig. 4 represents a perspective view ofthe cap overlying the plane-irons, showing its under side and connected wedge. Fig. 5 represents a modification of the same.

Similar letters of reference, where they occur, denote like parts in all the figures.

My invention relates to certain combinations of mechanisms used to set or adjust plane-irons from the exterior of the plane without separating the parts, and with great expedition and accuracy.

My invention relates also to the means by which the plane-irons can be moved laterally to adjust them in that direction, and also to the means by which the plane-irons are retained in position by means of a cap and wedge.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe the same with reference to the drawings.

A represents the wooden stock of a plane, to which is attached, by means of the screw a, the plate B, that has formed on its under side bearings b for the shaft c, around which the geared segment and lever C revolve. The rear end of this lever C is slotted, so as to fit over a pin formed on one side of the nut d, that is raised or lowered by a screw-shaft, D, having a knob or thumb-piece, D’, upon its upper end, by which it may be readily operated to raise or lower the nut d, and correspondingly the rear end of the lever C. On the front of the lever C there is a geared segment, C’, that engages with the rack E. This rack is located in a groove, b’, cut out of the plate B, so as to furnish it with the bearings required for a free and steady motion up or down. This rack E has on its upper surface a central projection, e, and another at e’, either or both of which engage with the head of a screw, f that is centrally recessed for that purpose. This screw f is otherwise the one employed to connect the plane-iron F and its iron cap F’, so that by turning the screw-shaft D the plane-irons may be moved up or down at pleasure to adjust them, and when adjusted they are firmly held in that position. G is a metallic cap overlying the plane-irons. A slot, g, is cut through it, so as to allow the head of the screw h to pass through it and rest on its upper surface. Under the rear of this cap G there is a wedge, H, by which the cap may be raised at that point and pressed against the plane-irons at or near their lower ends to clamp them together. The wedge H is retained in connection with the cap G by grooves formed on the latter, and a bolt, i, that connects the two together. To the plate B and stock A is pivoted at a a lever, k, the rear end of which projects upward, so as to be readily operated from the exterior of the plane, it terminating in a knob, k’, by which it can be moved. The inner end of this lever k is bent up, as at l, and passes into the slot ordinarily cut in plane-irons F, so that the latter can be moved laterally to adjust said irons in that direction. Thus the vertical and lateral adjustments of the plane-irons may be instantly and very accurately made.

In Fig. 5 is shown a modification of the cap G, the slot g of Fig. 4 being dispensed with, and the hook m formed in its place, so as to engage under the head of a bolt, or any similar projection attached to the stock A of the plane.

I claim as my invention —

In combination with the plane-stock A, the longitudinally-slotted plane-iron F and the mechanism composed of the screw h and cap G, carrying, secured to it, the wedge H, for clamping said plane-iron to the plane, the lever k’, pivoted to the stock of the plane, and engaging with the slot of the plane-iron to adjust it laterally, all arranged substantially as shown and described.

JOSEF NICHT.

Witnesses:
HORACE T. COOK,
W. P. BEARDSLEY.

No. 159,865 – Improvement In Block-Planes (Justus A. Traut) (1875)

[paiddownloads id=”237″]159865

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

IMPROVEMENT IN BLOCK-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 159,865, dated February 16, 1875; application filed November 13, 1874.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, of New Britain, county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvement in Block-Planes, for carpenters or workers in wood; and to enable others skilled in the art to make the same I will proceed to describe it, referring to the drawing, in which the same letters indicate like parts.

The nature of this invention consists of an adjusting device, arranged at the back end of the stock, operated by a screw thumb-nut, to extend or withdraw the edge of the cutting-iron from the mouth or face of the plane; also, in firmly securing the cutting-iron, by means of a pad-lever and set-screw, arranged intermediate between the backend of said pad and the cutting-iron.

In the accompanying drawing, a is the plane-stock. d are inclined ribs, or cutting-iron supports, upon which the cutting-iron c is securely held and adjusted in the stock for use. b is an elongated perforated sliding plate, fitted closely, and slides freely in recess e, between and nearly flush with the upper edges of the incline ways or supports d. Said cutting-iron is provided with a fastening-pin, f which projects from the under side, and enters one of the orifices g. h is an extension or contracting bar, connected to the back end ofthe sliding plate b by a hinge-joint. It has a screw-thread, j, cut on its outer end, and is provided with a swivel screw-threaded thumb-nut, k, the swivel recess of which is secured in the stud m, so that by turning the thumb-nut k the cutting-iron c may be extended or withdrawn from the mouth of the plane, and be secured firmly in the desired position by a pad-lever, n, secured in the stock by, and oscillates on, a fulcrum-pin o, and compresses the front end of the cutting-iron c firmly to its bearing-surface by means of a thumb-screw, p, arranged in the back end, and intermediate between the lever-pad fn. and the face-surface of the cutting-iron c, entirely out of the way ot’ the operator’s hand. l is a finger-pad, for the forefinger to rest upon while in the hand in use.

It will be seen that great advantage is derived irom this improvement in adjusting or setting the iron to a proper cut, avoiding the usual annoyance of using a hammer or other tool in adjusting the cutting-iron, and in securing it in place.

It will be further seen that by arranging the set-screw p intermediate between the end of the pad n and the cutting-iron there will be no hinderance or obstruction to prevent the palm ofthe hand bearing easily and naturally upon the pad.

I am aware of the devices described in patents No. 144,828, of 1873, and 81,425, of 1868, and do not claim either; but

What I do claim is —

In a plane, substantially as herein described, the cutting-iron having a fixed fastening-pin, and the perforated sliding plate, with the thumb-screw and bar, by which the iron may be adjusted, and the thumb-screw and pad, by which it may be fastened in position, all combined and constructed to operate as set forth.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT. [L. S.]

Witnesses:
ROALD ARENTZ,
JEREMY W. BLISS.

No. 161,213 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Asahel H. Dean) (1875)

[paiddownloads id=”239″]161213

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ASAHEL H. DEAN, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 161,213, dated March 23, 1875; application filed January 30, 1875.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ASAHEL H. DEAN, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification:

The main object of my invention is to so construct a plane having a metal body or frame as to admit of the ready withdrawal, replacing, and adjustment of the plane-bit, and this object I attain in the manner which I will now proceed to describe, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which —

Figure 1 is a vertical section of my improved plane; Fig. 2, perspective view of the lever-clamp; Fig. 3, a perspective view of the plane; and Fig. 4, views illustrating part of my invention.

The body of the plane consists of the base A and two side pieces or cheeks, B and B’, the whole being, in the present instance, cast in one piece. The handle E of the plane and the knob F are secured to the base A by screws, in the manner shown in Fig. 1. The plane iron or bit C, which is of the usual construction, and has the usual cap plate h’, bears against a projection, j, of the wooden handle and against a shoulder, i, on the base, the cutting-edge of the bit projecting through a slot in the said base in the ordinary manner, and the bit being confined to its place by a lever-clamp, H, best observed in the perspective views, Figs. 2, 3, and 4. This clamp has on one side a segmental projection adapted to a circular opening in the cheek B, and on the opposite side a ring, f, adapted to a segmental groove, h, formed in the outer face of the cheek B. The projection e and ring f constitute the pivots or fulcrums of the lever-clamp, the upper end of which is caused to bear on the cap-plate by a set-screw, d, in a manner too clearly indicated by the drawing to need description, and to confine the bit to the shoulder on the base and the projection j of the handle.

After loosening the set~screw d, and thereby releasing from its bearings the lever-clamp H, the latter can be removed laterally, its projection e from the cheek B and its ring f from the segmental recess of the cheek B’, thereby permitting the plane-bit to be withdrawn, the clamp being as readily introduced into its place and secured after the adjustment of the plane-bit.

The bearing of the bit on the wooden handle E is an important feature of my invention, for the wood presents a surface to which the bit can be more firmly secured without danger of slipping, when the plane is subjected to accidental jars, than a metal surface.

I claim as my invention —

I. A plane in which the bit is confined to its bearings by a lever-clamp, H, constructed for connection to, and lateral withdrawal from, the frame or body of the plane, substantially in the manner described.

2. The clamp H, its set-screw d, projection e, and ring f, in combination with the cheek B, having an opening adapted to the said projection, and the cheek B, having a segmental recess adapted to the said ring, all substantially as set forth.

3. A plane having a metal body or frame, a wooden handle, and a retaining-screw, or its equivalent, between which and the handle the plane-bit is clamped, all substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ASAHEL H. DEAN.

Witnesses:
HUBERT HOWSON,
HARRY SMITH.

No. 161,516 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (William Johnstone) (1875)

[paiddownloads id=”240″]161516

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLIAM JOHNSTONE, OF MONTREAL, CANADA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF HIS RIGHT TO WILLIAM WHITEHEAD ROBERTSON, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 161,516, dated March 30, 1875; application filed March 1, 1875.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM JOHNSTONE, of the city and district of Montreal, in the Province of Quebec, in the Dominion of Canada, pattern-maker, have invented an Improvement on Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification:

My invention relates to the adjustment of the plane-iron by means of a nut working on a screw, so that by simply turning the nut the plane-iron is drawn into or pushed out irom the body of the plane, and when at the desired place is held there firmly by a catch in the shape of an eccentric or cam, reference being had to the annexed drawings, where similar letters indicate like parts, and where —

Figure 1 represents a sectional elevation of an iron plane embodying my invention. Fig. 2 represents a plan of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 represents a modification adapting it to wooden planes.

Letter A is the body of the plane, having two cross-bars or partitions, B B, formed in it, extending up to the under side of the plane-iron C, and of such height that the plane-iron is supported at the proper angle. In the bars B B, and extending from one to the other, is fixed, by any suitable means, a screw, D, on which is a flat nut, E, having its edge milled to adord a better hold and prevent the fingers or thumb of the person using it from slipping. This nut E passes through the slit F in the plane-iron C, and projects a short distance beyond it. The plane-iron C is held fast by the cam G. This cam is turned on the pin h by means of the handle i, and when in the position shown in the drawings by firm lines the projecting part k presses tight on the plane-iron C, and holds it firmly against the bars B B and the beveled edge of the hole l.

When it is desired to adjust the plane-iron the cam G is thrown up into the position shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 1. The plane-iron C is now free to be moved, which is done by placing the thumb or finger on the projecting part of the nut E and turning it round. This causes it to move up or down the screw D, and its side being in contact with the side of the slit F in the plane-iron C compels it to move in the same direction with it. When in the required position the cam G is turned down and holds it there.

The plane-iron C is provided with one or more additional slits, F’, to be used when it becomes shorter by the wearing away of its cutting-edge.

The modification shown in Fig. 3 consists of the piece H, of any suitable configuration, firmly secured to the wooden body of the plane in place of the bars B B to carry the screw D;
the remainder of the parts being the same as above described in connection with planes having bodies of iron, with the exception that a passage is cut through the projecting part k of the cam G, to allow the nut n. to pass when the plane-iron C is worn short.

By these arrangements I am enabled to adjust the plane-iron with greater nicety, and more easily and expeditiously than by the old method.

What I claim as my invention is —

The plane A, having bars B B, in combination with screw D, nut E, and plane-iron C, having slits F and F’, substantially as and for the purposes described.

WILLIAM JOHNSTONE.

Witnesses:
C. G. C. SIMPSON,
E. L. STILWELL.

No. 162,710 – Improvement In Carpenters’ Planes (Elliot G. Storke) (1875)

[paiddownloads id=”243″]162710

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ELLIOT G. STORKE, OF AUBURN, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN CARPENTERS’ PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 162,710, dated April 27, 1875; application filed January 6, 1875.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELLIOT G. STORKE, of Auburn, New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carpenters’ Planes, of which the following is a specification:

My improvements relate to setting and fastening the bits of planes, and also to means for giving to bench-planes a metallic and adjustable throat-piece.

The nature of my invention can best be explained by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which —

Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical central section of a plane embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the same with the plane-iron fastener and bit removed. Fig. 3, 4, 5, are views of detached parts hereinafter described. The plane represented is one with a metal top and wooden face.

A is the lever by which the bit is set or adjusted to cut fine or coarse shavings, and Y its upward-projecting point; B, the standards which support the upper end of the bit B’; C, the journals of the said lever A, said journals resting in bearings cut in projections on the front of standards B, in which bearings the journals have a lateral or end-wise play. L L are two grooves cut on the interior opposite sides of the frame or plane-body, for the reception of lugs D’ of the plane-iron fastener D, shown in perspective in Fig. 3. The lugs are on the sides of the fastener and near its longitudinal center, and at its rear end is the thumb-screw. F is the cap and G the screw of an ordinary plane-iron, the screw-head being countersunk at at to receive the globular point Y of the lever A. s is a blank screw-hole tapped in the cap, into which the said cap-screw can be removed when it becomes necessary, by the wearing away of the wooden face of the plane, if such be used, to raise the cutting-iron.

The devices thus far described for fastening and setting the bit are operated as follows: The lever A is placed in its bearings in the standards B; the cap is screwed in the usual way upon an ordinary plane-iron, and the recess in the screw-head laid upon the point Y. When so laid the bit is upon its bearings, and the point Y fits neatly the recess a in the cap. The lugs D’ of the fastener are now placed in the grooves L L and the thumb-screw E tightened, which binds the bits to its bearings with more or less firmness, according to the pressure given by the screw.

The lugs D’ of the plane-iron fastener are introduced into the inclined grooves L L at the lower and open ends of the latter. The upper ends of said grooves are shouldered or closed, as seen in the drawing. The thick heel of the plane-iron, when drawn back, tends to force the fastener upward. This movement in time has the effect of smoothing the surfaces of contact of the lugs and grooves, thus increasing the liability of the fastener to work upward in the grooves. To remedy this difficulty l shoulder or close the grooves at their upper ends, as shown, thus preventing liability of the fastener becoming disengaged from the grooves. The long arm of the lever A is immediately under and within easy reach of the fingers of the workman, while grasping the plane-handle, and by raising or lowering it the adjustments of the bits are quickly and easily made, under the firmest pressure of the screw. I so construct the lever with a central hub bearing accurately-turned journals at its ends, with the spherical point Y rising upward from its center, and from which extends the long arm toward the plane-handle, that all its parts, being in one piece, are wrought with much greater facility, accuracy, and economy, and placed and maintained in position more easily and firmly than if separate pieces were employed in its construction, and so also that its journals have a free and accurate lateral or sidewise movement, by which the upper end of the bit, when fastened, can be so pushed to right or left as to square its cutting-edge with the face of the plane. By connecting the spherical point Y with the screw-heads of double plane-irons, I obtain not only a very cheap, but a very efficient means of adjusting them, for these screw-heads always maintain, practically, the same position, relatively to the cutting-edge of the bit, and can be countersunk at a merely nominal cost. The sweep of the long arm of the lever A carries the point Y through a sufficient arc to give the required adjustment to the bit, and a leverage of such power that the adjustment is easily made.

As this device for fastening and setting the bits of planes can be applied with equal facility to metallic planes, and to those having metallic tops and wooden faces, I provide for the wearing away of the latter by tapping the said cap a second time at s, into which, as the face of the plane wears away, the said screw can be removed, and in that way the bit can be worked higher up.

The metallic and adjustable section or throat-piece is shown detached in Fig. 5. I is the flat surface thereof, accurately milled on its sides to fit ways or guides out on each of the inner sides of the said frames or plane-body, on its upper face and immediately forward of the bit. K is the vertical portion thereof, which, when the said section is in place, projects downward to and directly in front of the bit, as seen in Fig. 1, having the same width as the latter, and its lower edge precisely in line with the face of the plane, thus forming a metallic throat-piece to keep down the grain, and to prevent wear from the friction of the shavings. To hold the said section in place a hub, M, is formed on the upper front face of the plane, so placed thereon as to enter along oval aperture, b, in said section, when the latter is in position. The said hub is tapped to receive a screw cut on the lower end of the shank of the knob N; or, if a knob be not used, the section may be held in place by a thumb or other screw, such screws having suitable washers. By driving the said screw the section is firmly held at the point desired, and loosened by a backward turn thereof. The said section is applied to an ordinary wooden plane by screwing a nut in the upper front face thereof, at the point occupied by the said hub M, as above described, and employed for the same purpose; or a plate may be formed to screw thereon, containing the hub M and the ways to guide the said section, effecting precisely the same edect in wooden planes as in those of iron, or in those with wooden faces.

As this section and throat-piece can be applied with facility and cheapness to common wooden planes and to iron planes at much less cost than the prevailing method of bedding the section in the face of the plane, its utility and importance must be manifest. No plane works well unless that part of the face in front of the bit is true and perfect, so that it will press down the wood as the bit cuts it; and in line work that pressure must be very close to the edge of the bit. Now, in wooden planes, the friction of the shavings, and of the work over which they are moved, very soon wears them away at the throat, so as to compel their frequent refacing, and supplying temporary wooden throat-pieces. My device gives to them at once a metallic throat-piece, which will permanently endure the necessary friction to which it is exposed, and also an adjustable one, by which the plane may instantly be adapted to fine or coarse work.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. The setting-lever, provided with journals which rest in fulcrum-bearings on the front of the plane-iron standards, and have lateral play in said bearings, substantially as shown and described.

2. The combination, with the conntersunk or recessed screw-head of a double plane-iron, of the journaled setting-lever engaging with its shorter arm the recessed screw-head, substantially as herein shown and set forth.

3. The metallic section or throatpiece applied to and movable and adjustable upon the upper face ofthe plane-body, as described, and formed with a vertical portion projecting downward through the plane body to form the front of the throat, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name this 26th day of December, A. D. 1874.

ELLIOT G. STORKE.

Witnesses:
FRED. E. STORKE,
H. L. STORKE.

No. 164,350 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Thomas H. Wall) (1875)

[paiddownloads id=”244″]164350

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

THOMAS H. WALL, OF NEW BEDFORD, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 164,350, dated June 8, 1875; application filed April 20, 1875.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS H. WALL, of New Bedford, county of Bristol and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming part hereof.

My invention consists in a screw set in the bed of the plane, and extending upward in a line perpendicular to the surface of said bed, through a slot in the plane-iron and a slot in the break-iron, together with a thumb-nut arranged to turn down upon the screw, whereby the plane-iron, when adjusted, may be held securely in place.

Figure 1 is a plan of a plane embodying my invention.

A is the bed of the plane. S is the screw, made preferably with the post a at its upper end, by means of which it may, with a suitable key or wrench, be screwed securely into the bed A, as shown, so that it will extend upward in a line perpendicular to the surface of the bed. P is the plane-iron, formed with the slot b. B is the break-iron, which I make with the slot c in its upper end, as shown. When the plane-iron and break-iron are adjusted in place upon the bed A the screw S will project through the slot b in the former and slot c in the latter, the line of its axis being at right angles with, and perpendicular to, the surface of the irons. T is a thumb-nut, arranged to turn down upon the screw S until it presses tightly against the upper surface of the break-iron, as shown.

Now, it is evident that by means of these devices, as shown, the plane-iron may be readily and conveniently adjusted and held securely in position.

I am aware that a patent has been heretofore granted to J. B. Tarr, No. 82,450, for an improvement in bench-planes, in which are shown and described two screws with squared heads, working in the plane-stock, and operating to alter the pitch and set of the plane-iron, and also a thumb-screw working through a nut adjusted in the slot of the plane-iron, and having a bearing at its lower or inner end in a plate fixed in the plane-stock, and operating between the two other screws, to tighten the plane-iron as set by the other screws. I disclaim the devices shown and claimed in this patent, intending to limit my claim to the exact and specific devices shown in my specification, namely, a screw set in the wood of the plane-stock, and arranged to project through the slot in the plane iron, together with a thumb-nut, whereby the plane-iron may be fastened securely to its bed in the plane-stock.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The combination, as a plane-iron fastener, of the screw S, set in the bed A, the plane-iron P, and the thumb-nut T, as described.

THOMAS HENRY WALL.

Witnesses:
O. S. PAGE,
T. M. MITCHELL.

No. 165,291 – Improvement In Plane-Irons (William Young) (1875)

[paiddownloads id=”246″]165291

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLIAM YOUNG, OF MABON, NOVA SCOTIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN PLANE-IRONS.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 165,291, dated July 6, 1875; application filed May 15, 1875.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM YOUNG, of Mabon, in Nova Scotia, have invented an Improvement in Plane-Iron, of which the following is a specification:

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 represents a vertical longitudinal section of plane-stock with my improved plane-iron, and Fig. 2 a bottom view of the iron.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

My invention relates to an improved mode of applying the cap-piece to the plane-iron so that it can be quickly adjusted and locked for giving the plane more iron, and thereby the annoying loss of time and the difticulty connected with the screw-locking be avoided.

The invention consists of a slotted plane-iron to which the cap-piece is locked by an eccentric lever pivcted to a post of the same.

In the drawing, A represents the plane-iron; and B, the cap piece, which is adjusted by a post, C, sliding in the longitudinal center slot D of the plane-iron to the required position for use. The post C is secured, by a counter-sunk base-plate, to the cap-piece. A locking-lever, E, with eccentric E’, pivoted to post C, swings to either side of the same, and locks, by the eccentricity of its sides, the cap to the iron when carried down on the latter, while admitting the ready setting when it is in a raised position. The plane-iron is fitted tightly in the stock by a wedge-key in the usual manner, the countersunk base-plate of the post of the cap-piece requiring no grooving of the key, and preventing thereby the settling of shavings and the choking of plane.

If desired, the cap may be provided with a series of grooves to lock with two teeth or ridges of the iron, by which the exact connection of cap and iron, without chance of changing their position on applying the lever, is retained.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

The combination of a plane-iron, having guide-slot, with the cap-piece, adjusted and secured by an eccentric lever pivoted to post of the same, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

WILLIAM YOUNG.

Witnesses:
JAMES MURPHY,
EDW. D. TREMAIN.

No. 165,704 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Charles Bridges) (1875)

[paiddownloads id=”247″]165704

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHARLES BRIDGES, OF LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 165,704, dated July 20, 1875; application filed March 20, 1875.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES BRIDGES, of Lowell, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification:

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 represents a top view of my improved plane-stock with handle detached; Fig. 2, a vertical longitudinal section of the plane; Fig. 3, a vertical transverse section of the same on line c c, Fig. 2; Fig. 4, a side view of my extension plane-iron detached; and Fig. 5, a detail side view of the wedge-connection of plane-stock and handle, partly in section, on line x x, Fig. 3.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

The invention will first be fully described, and then pointed out in the claims.

In the drawing, A represents a metallic plane-stock, with throat or slot for the cutter or extension plane-iron B, that is seated on a lateral front ridge, a, and on a central recess, b, of the circular rear partition A’ of the stock. The extension plane-iron B is guided with its narrower rear end or stem in a flanged and slotted shank part, C, being attached thereto by a clamp-screw, d, in such a manner that as the plane-iron is gradually worn out two or more screw-holes, d’, of the front top plate of shank G may be used to secure the iron and extend the same toward the throat. The rear part G’ of shank C is made in the nature of a screw socket or nut for the adjusting screw-bolt D, that is seated by collar e and a thumb-piece, f in the recess b of the rear partition of the stock, producing by the turning of the screw-bolt the forward or backward traveling of the plane-iron. The plane-iron is thus supported in a very simple, substantial, and convenient manner in the plane-stock, without a chance of moving forward or backward, or changing the set of the screw in case the plane is dropped. The plane-iron is instantly placed in the stock and guided exactly into its place, being also readily adjusted to any thickness of shavings by the screw-bolt. The cutter-edge can be squared to the throat or face of the plane by moving the screw slightly to the right or left in the recess of the partition, which is made wide enough for this purpose. The plane-stock A is provided at the sides with projecting wedge-pieces g, and below the same, at the bottom, with inclined ribs g’. The handle part E is made of hollow cast metal to fit the palm of the hand, and bears, by an extension front flange, h, and the plane-iron, and by its sides and rear part, on the sides and rear partition of the plane-stock. To a central socket, i, at the interior part of handle E, is applied, by an adjustable set-screw, i’, a lateral arm-piece, F, that is guided, by recessed side lugs l, along vertical guide-ribs l’ of the handle, according as the arm-piece is adjusted higher or lower in the cavity of the handle. The arms of the arm-piece F extend below the sides of handle E, and are grooved to slide on the wedge-pieces g of the plane-stock, and come, by end lugs m, in contact with the bottom ribs g’ of the same. The arm-piece F is adjusted in such a manner that when the handle is slid forward on the plane-stock, the wedge-pieces and bottom ribs bind rigidly on the ends of the arm-piece, define the position of the handle, and seat the rear part of the handle exactly on the circular rear partition of the stock. The thumb-piece of the lengthening screw-bolt is then turned up, and thereby the handle securely locked to the plane-iron and stock, so that no detaching during use is possible. The plane-iron, being thus entirely within the handle, is not liable to the accidents occurring frequently in metallic planes-namely, the driving forward of the cutter, by a hard blow or fall, into the throat of the stock, on which it acts like a wedge, bursting the throat and spoiling the plane. The plane-iron is, furthermore, entirely out of the way of the hand, and is far more convenient to use, regulate, and handle. The plane forms one compact and solid body without any parts that are likely to be injured, and offers the greatest facility for being handled and adjusted.

The above-described invention has reference more particularly to my Patent No. 157,438, granted December 8, 1874, on which I esteem it to be a decided improvement.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

1. The combination of plane-iron B, having narrow rear shank, the holder C, having a slot to receive said shank, and the swiveled screw D f, working in a threaded socket of said holder, as and for the purpose described.

2. The combination of stock A, having wedge-pieces g g on the sides, and ribs g’ g’ on the bottom, with hollow handle E, having socket i, the screw i’, and the arm F, having lugs l, as and for the purpose specified.

CHARLES BRIDGES.

Witnesses:
CHAS. F. HOWE,
DEXTER SYMONDS.

No. 166,240 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (David F. Williams) (1875)

[paiddownloads id=”251″]166240

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

DAVID F. WILLIAMS, OF WOONSOOKET, RHODE ISLAND, ASSIGNOR TO BAILEY TOOL COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 166,240, dated August 3, 1875; application filed May 24, 1875.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DAVID F. WILLIAMS, of Woonsocket, Providence Plantations, and in the State of Rhode Island, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Bench-Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the annexed drawings making part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved bench-plane, one of the cheeks of the stock being broken away to show more clearly the means for clamping and adjusting the bit. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the forward end of the stock. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the clamping-plate and screw. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the bit-adjusting mechanism. Fig. 5 is a view ofthe under side ofthe same. Fig. 6 is a section thereof, taken in planes indicated by the broken line x y in Fig. 5.

The same letters of reference are used in all the figures in the designation of identical parts.

The nature of my invention consists, first, in the employment of a clamping-plate and screw for fixing the bit after proper adjustment, the clamping-plate having open bearings at about its mid-length in its side edges, for the reception of fixed studs projecting inwardly from the cheekplates of the stock; secondly, in the use ofa sliding plate so combined with mechanism for sliding it in its seat, and the head of the screw used for securing the cap to the bit, as to afford a convenient means for accurately adjusting the bit with the right hand, while holding on to the tail-handle of the plane with the left.

The stock A, made of metal, in substantially the form shown, is provided with the usual throat, through which the bit projects, and also with inclined surfaces a, for supporting the bit in part. The bit is secured by a lever or clamping-plate, B, pivoted above it to the cheek-plates of the stock, and provided at its upper end with a set-screw, C, to press against the cap of the bit, thereby causing the lower end of the clamping-plate to also forcibly bear on the cap of the bit. It is pivoted upon short fixed studs a’, projecting inwardly from the cheek-plates of the stock, and is provided with open bearings b, formed in its side edges, in such a way that it may be slid upon said studs, which enter their bearings through chambers b’, formed in the under side of the clamping-plate. Supports for the plane-iron, having inclined surfaces a, against which said iron rests, are cast upon the inner side of each of the flanges of the stock A. Between these supports for the plane-iron, underneath the latter, is inserted a frame, D, which contains the mechanism by means of which the plane is adjusted, said frame being screwed to the supports referred to through ears cast thereon. The flanges of this frame D lie in the same plane as the supporting surfaces a, and assist in forming a bed for the plane-iron. Between the flanges is a plate, E, which slides in dovetailed grooves formed in said flanges. This plate has a notch, e, which receives a crank-pin, f This crank-pin projects eccentrically from the hub of a sectional worm-wheel, F, arranged in a recess in the under side of frame D. Wheel F meshes into a worm, G, on a shaft, GI, which turns in a bearing of frame D, and is provided at its outer rear end with a milled head or button, G2, which secures the cap to the bit.

The plate E moves in a plane parallel to the bit-supporting surfaces, so that by sliding it by means of the crank and worm-gearing described, the bit may be accurately and readily adjusted.

The non-toothed portion of the worm-wheel F is of smaller radius than the toothed portion, forming shoulders f1 at the junction, which bring up against a stop-pin, f2, whenever the worm-wheel has been turned in either direction to the extent of the throw of the crank-pin f.

The milled head or button G2 is in convenient proximity to the tail-handle A2 of the stock, for operating it with the thumb and fingers of the right hand, while holding on to the tail-handle.

In addition to its described function of moving the plate E., the worm-gearing constitutes a lock, holding the plate, and consequently the bit connected to it, by means of the head of screw H, firmly in position against sliding, thus assisting the clamping-plate in this office.

I do not claim a cap or presser plate made to slide in grooves formed in the sides of the stock, as shown and described in the patent, now expired, granted W. S. Loughborough, April 4, 1854.

What is claimed as the invention is —

1. In a bench-plane, a clamping-plate having open bearings in its side edges, with channels leading thereto in its under side. substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination of the stock A, with studs a’, the bit and its cap, and the clamp-
ing-plate B, with channeled openings b b’, substantially as described.

3. In a bench-plane, the combination of the sliding plate, crank-pin, worm, and worm-wheel, substantially as described.

4. The combination of the plane-iron and its cap, the uniting-screw, and the slotted sliding plate with means for operating the same, substantially as described.

5. The sectoral worm-wheel F, having shoulders at f1 f1, in combination with the stop-pin f2 and the worm G G1, substantially as described.

D. F. WILLIAMS.

Witnesses:
WM. H. BAILEY,
J. E. BLOOD.

No. 167,311 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Leonard L. Davis) (1875)

[paiddownloads id=”252″]167311

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

LEONARD L. DAVIS, OF SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 167,311, dated August 31, 1875; application filed March 3, 1875.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEONARD L. DAVIS, of Springfield, in the State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Bench-Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings making a part of this specification, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, in which —

Figure 1 is a perspective view of my invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section of the same; and Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section through the plane-iron support, showing the mechanism to adjust the plane-iron laterally.

My invention relates to the adjusting mechanism of a bench-plane; and it consists of an abutting piece made upon the plane, into which is inserted the threaded pin of a support, upon which the plane-iron rests, said support being provided with a threaded hole at each end, into which is turned a screw-guide. The threaded pin of the support is adjusted in or out of the abutment by means of a threaded nut, through which the pin is turned, the nut having a bearing against the abutment. The wedge, upon which the lower end ofthe plane-iron rests, is provided with a threaded hole, into which is turned a thumb-screw, abutting at its rear end against the before-mentioned abutment, so that the wedge may be thrust forward beneath the plane-iron more or less by turning said thumb-screw, and the wedge may be set or secured by a set-screw. A cross-bar, extending across from one side of the plane to the other, is provided with a threaded hole, into which is turned a thumb-screw, bearing against the front of the plane-iron.

In the drawings, A represents the sides of the plane, and F the base, upon which is made the abutment D, provided with a hole made obliquely therein, into which slides freely the thread-pin n. This pin is provided at the top with the cross-piece or support b, in each end of which is made a threaded hole, with a screw, a, turned therein, this screw a being provided with a large flanged head, as shown clearly in Fig. 1. A thumb-nut, c, is first turned upon the threaded pin n, and the latter is then inserted in the oblique hole made in the abutment; and to prevent the pin n from being accidentally lost out at any time a part of the pin is flattened at i, and a small screw, e, is turned into the abutment, and into the flattened part i, but not against the pin. As the pin at is thus arranged in the abutment, as shown in Fig. 2, the plane-iron B may rest upon the support b, between the screw-heads a a, one on each side. A thumb-screw, g, is turned into the rear part of the wedge f the rear end of the thumb-screw abutting against the abutment D, and slots are made through the wedge, through which set-screws as are turned into the base of the plane. A cross-bar, h, extends across from one side, A, of the plane to the other in front of the plane-iron, said bar having a threaded hole, into which is turned a thumb-screw, E, bearing against the plane-iron in front.

When it is desired to remove the plane-iron for sharpening the thumb-screw E is loosened, and the iron B may be taken out. The throat of the plane may be made larger or smaller by turning the thumb-nut c, moving the pin n either in or out of the abutment, as the case may be, and raising or depressing the support b, and the plane-iron resting thereon.

If one side of the plane-iron should protrude through the throat more than the other the screw a on that side is turned into the support b, and the opposite one turned out correspondingly, until the desired lateral adjustment is obtained. If, after the plane-iron has been adjusted to the desired angle with the base of the plane, it should be desired to change the size of the throat in front of the edge of the iron, the thumb-screw g is turned either in or out, forcing the wedge f forward or backward, as the case may be, and when adjusted to the right point it is secured by turning in the set-screw x firmly. After the desired adjustments have been made of the support b and the wedge f the thumb-screw E is turned in firmly against the front of the plane-iron, and it is ready for use.

It is evident that a small cam or similar mechanism may be used to force back the plane-iron upon the wedge and the support b, as that is the only object of the screw E; but I prefer the latter as more convenient.

I am aware that various kinds of adjusting mechanisms have heretofore been made and used, and I do not claim the same, nor any part thereof; irrespective of the arrangement herein shown and described; but,

Having described my invention, What l claim as new is —

1. The combination of the adjustable support b, the lateral adjusting-screws a a, and the screw E, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of abutment D, the adjustable support b, the threaded pin n, nut c, the lateral adjusting-screws a a, the wedge f and its screw g, and the clamping-screw E, substantially as herein described.

LEONARD L. DAVIS.

Witnesses:
T. A. CURTIS,
C. E. BUCKLAND.

No. 146,588 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Henry A. Gatley) (1874)

[paiddownloads id=”225″]146588

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

HENRY A. GATLEY, OF SOUTH BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 146,588, dated January 20, 1874; application filed December 20, 1873.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY ALLEN GATLEY, of South Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification:

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of a plane to which my improvement has been applied. Fig. 2 is a detail section of the same, taken through the line x x, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a detail view of the plate, swiveled screw, and movable nut. Fig. 4 is a detail view of the plane-irons. Fig. 5 is a detail view of the locking-plate.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

My invention has for its object to furnish an improved attachment for jack and other hand planes, which will enable the plane-irons to be easily, accurately, and quickly attached, detached, and adjusted without hammering, and without any danger of springing the plane and making it untrue, and which shall be simple in construction and convenient in use. The invention consists in the plate, the swiveled screw, and its movable nut, in combination with the plane-irons, and the locking-plate and its screws for securing the said plane-irons adiustably to a plane-stock, as hereinafter fully described.

A represents the plane-stock, which may be made of wood or iron, and about the construction of which there is nothing new. B are the plane-irons, which are constructed and secured to each other in the ordinary manner. C is a plate, which is let into the stock A at the upper part of the inclined seat for the plane-irons B, so that its upper surface may be flush with the surface of the said seat, and which is secured to said stock by four screws. To the upper part of the lower side of the plate C are secured two lugs, C’, to which is swiveled a hand~screw, D, the hand-piece of which projects above the stock A, so that it can be conveniently operated. Upon the screw D, between the lugs C’, is placed a nut, E, which is made with a toe upon its upper edge, which projects through a slot in the plate C, and enters a hole in the plane-irons B, so that the said plane-irons may be adjusted by turning the screw D. F is the locking-plate, which is placed upon the upper side of the plane-irons B, and has a hole formed in its lower part to receive a screw, G, which passes through a hole in the plane-irons B, and is screwed into a screw-hole in the plate C. The lower part of the hole through the plate F is made large to allow the head of the screw G to pass through, and its upper part is made narrow to fit upon the body of the said screw G, as shown in Fig. 5. H is a hand-screw, which passes through a screw-hole in the plate F, and the forward end of which rests against the plane-irons B, so that, by turning the hand-screw H forward, the plate F acts as a lever to lock the plane-irons B securely in place.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

The plate and lugs C c’ c’, swiveled screw D, and movable nut E, in combination with the plane-irons B, and locking-plate F and its screws G H, for securing the said plane-irons adjustably to a plane-stock, substantially as herein shown and described.

HENRY ALLEN GATLEY.

Witnesses:
JOHN T. DODGE,
JOHN McDONALD.