Tag: Justus A. Traut

No. 842,275 – Scraper (Justus A. Traut) (1907)

[paiddownloads id=”638″]842275

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY,
OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

SCRAPER.

_________________

842,275. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Jan. 29, 1907.
Application filed March 8, 1906. Serial No. 304,937.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, Hartford county, Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Scrapers, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in scrapers.

The object is to facilitate adjustment of the parts and improve the construction so that it may be adapted to use under many different circumstances. I have sought to construct the parts so that they may be manufactured readily and assembled or taken apart without difficulty.

The preferred form of the invention is shown in the accompanying single sheet of drawings, in which —

Figure 1 is a side view of the scraper embodying the improvements of my invention. Fig. 2 is a front view of the same. Fig. 3 is a rear view of the scraper with the handle shown in section. Fig. 4 is a rear view of the back member of the head. Fig. 5 is a side view of the same. Fig. 6 is a plar view of a fragment of the handle.

The handle is preferably formed in two portions — a grip member 1 and a body member 2.

The head of the scraper carries the blade 3 and is preferably provided with an auxiliary grip or handle 4.

5 and 6 are the front and rear members, respectively, of the head, between which the blade is clamped.

7 is a screw located between the upper and lower ends of the plates 5 6. This screw passes freely through plate 5 and takes into plate 6, so as to produce, in effect, a hinged joint which may be adjusted to and fro to vary the widths of the space between plates 5 6.

8 8 are screws arranged at opposite edges of the plate 6 and screw-threaded therein. The ends of these screws project into cavities in the opposite face of the member 5, but are not screw-threaded therein. The function of these screws is to preserve the alinement of plates 5 6 and to act as spacers to guarantee the substantial parallehsm of said plate, whereby the ready substitution of blades 3 is permitted. The screws 8 8 also perform a stop function, the upper edge of the blade 3 taking a bearing against said screws so that blade will be projected uniformly from the clamping-jaws. These “stop-screws” 8 8, as we shall term them, may be shifted up or down on plate 6, there being a series of screw-holes a ong opposite edges thereof to permit this shifting of the screws to be made. By this means when blade 3 wears down or if a short blade is to be substituted the screws 8 8 may be moved to any one of the holes 8’, 82, or 83, so as to adapt the holder to the particular blade to be used.

9 is a main adjusting-screw having a stop-head whereby it may be easily operated. When approximate adjustment of the plates 5 6 has been secured by the adjustment of screws 7 and 8 and the blade inserted, the user may set up on screw 9 in such a manner as to powerfu ly clamp the blade 3. The rear of the back member 6 of the head is provided with a pair of lugs 10 10, to which the handle is pivoted.

11 is a curved arm extending from the rear of the back member and provided with a curved slot. This arm is preferably formed pf a separate piece of metal and riveted to the lug 12.

13 is a screw preferably provided with an enlarged head for engagement by the thumb and finger and by means of whic the handle is clamped to the arm 11. By this means the angle which the blade makes relative to the handle may be readily varied to suit the conditions under which the scraper is to be used. The parts, however, when clamped together are rigid, so that there is practically no vibration possible when the tool is in use.

What I claim is —

A scraper comprising a head portion formed of two parts, means for adjustably connecting the same at an intermediate point, said connection permitting said parts to swing, jaws formed by the edges of said parts at one slde of said connection, a clamp-screw at the opposite side of said connection, said clampmg-screw passing through one part and bearing against the other, and adjustable stop-screws at the opposite slde edges of said parts, and a handle hinged to one of said parts and means for adjusting the angle of said handle relatively thereto.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
W. J. WORAM,
H. S. WALTER.

No. 837,978 – Scraping-Tool (Justus A. Traut) (1906)

[paiddownloads id=”636″]837978

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO STANLEY RULE &
LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

SCRAPING-TOOL.

_________________

837,978. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Dec. 11, 1906.
Application filed May 26, 1906. Serial No. 318,811.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, Hartford county, Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Scraping-Tools, of which the following is a full, cllear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in woodworking-tools; and it consists in an improved scraper, the construction of which is such that it may be used, if desired, with an ordinary plane, merely substituting the same for the usual plane-iron. In this connection the device is capable of all of the adjustments to which the usual plane-iron is adapted and may be employed with an unusual degree of success.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of an ordinary plane-body fitted with my improved scraper. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the scraper and scraper frame or carrier. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the same. Fig. 4. is a detail view of a clamping member.

I will first describe the scraper and scraper-carrier.

A is the scraper-blade, having the usual sharpened edge.

B B’ are two arms of the frame or scraper-carrier arranged to carry the blade A. As shown, these arms B B’ are arranged in the form of a wedge or a V — that is, the outer bearing-surfaces of the same form a V. The plane-iron A is clamped against the outer bearing-surface of the arm B by means of any suitabie clamping device — for example, the member C, carrying the clamping-screw C’. The arm B’ is so constructed and arranged that it may be readily applied to the plane-iron support or “frog” of a plane, the connection being preferably such that the various adjusting devices commonly found on planes will be available for the purpose of adjusting the position of the cutting edge of the scraper-blade in the throat of the plane. In the drawings, Fig. 1, I have shown the scraper-frame as it would appear in place on an ordinary plane. In this view, D indicates the main body of the plane. E E’ are the handles. F is the usual frog on the plane-iron support. G is the usual clamping- plate cooperating with the screw-post J. H I are adjusting-levers such as commonly employed in planes and by which the plane-iron may be given any desired adjustment. These levers need not be explained in detail, since their operation is well understood.

On referring to Fig. 1 it will be seen that the scraper-frame is clamped to the frog precisely as the ordinary plane-iron is clamped thereon, and the edge of the scraper-blade A will project through the throat or passage in the sole of the plane in the same manner as will the edge of the plane-iron, excepting that it will stand at a substantially different angle. The arm B of the scraper-frame is cut back or recessed transversely near its lower end, as indicated at K, to give a clearance back of the cutting edge of the scraper-blade. This is done to permit the cutting edge of the scraper to yield slightly and is productive of the most effective results in operation. While the scraper-frame is primarily adapted for use in connection with the plane, nevertheless the frame or carrier will itself afford a convenient grip when the scraper is used independently of a plane-body. The angle of the bearing-surfaces of the arms B B’ (indicated in the drawings) is that best adapted for the most successful results when the scraper is to be used in connection with the plane; but this angle, of course, may be varied to some extent at will. In the arm B’ of the scraper-frame a central longitudinal passage B2 adords clearance for the post J.

L is the usual cam by which the clamping-plate G may be set down hard, so as to hold the scraper-frame firmly on its seat.

What I claim is —

1. As an article of manufacture, a scraper attachment for a plane, comprising a body having two arms inclined relatively to each other, a scraper-blade, means for adjustably securing the scraper-blade to one of said arms, the other arm having a longitudinal recess and a transverse recess above said longitudinal recess, said recesses being adapted to accommodate mechanism of a plane for effecting lateral and vertical adjustment respectively.

2. As an article of manufacture, a scraper attachment for a plane comprising, a body having two arms arranged at an angle relatively to each other and furnishing two bearing-surfaces, one for contact with the plane-support, the other for the reception of a scraper-blade, a scraper-blade, means for adjustably securing the same to the said bearing-face, said bearing-face at and near the meeting angle of the two arms being recessed to afford clearance for the blade adjacent to its cutting edge.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
H. S. WALTER,
L. E. CLEMONS.

No. 830,541 – Bench-Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1906)

[paiddownloads id=”635″]830541

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO STANLEY RULE &
LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

830,541. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Sept. 11, 1906.
Application filed May 26, 1906. Serial No. 318,812.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, county of Hartford, Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in tools, and particularly planes for carpenters’ and joiners’ use.

The object of the invention is to provide a stop or gage for limiting the cutting depth and steadying the plane when in operation.

Various gages and stops have previously been employed in tools of this character, but for some classes of work they fail to give proper support to the plane when in operation.

The preferred form of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying three sheets of drawings.

Figure 1 is an end view of a plane embodying the improvements of my invention. Fig. 2 is a detail perspective view of a part of the gage. Fig. 3 is a side view of a plane with gage attached. Fig. 4 is a bottom plan view.

1 is the main body or handle member.

2 is the plane-iron having a suitably-formed cutting edge in accordance with the cross-section of the product desired. This iron is clamped in place by a suitable mechanism, such as 3, and may be adjusted by a suitable mechanism, such as 4.

5 and 6 are cross-rods clamped to the body in a suitable manner.

7 is an auxiliary clamping and supporting member for the plane-iron, which is clamped on the rods 5 and 6 by suitable mechanism.

8 is a fence customarily employed with planes of this character for guiding it laterally in operation. The main and auxiliary portions of the plane are provided with guide-flanges 9 and 10. A plane-iron of any width may be employed with this tool, the body and auxiliary members being adjusted laterally with respect to one another.

11 is the gage or stop the use of which my invention particularly contemplates. This stop has laterally-extending arms 12 and 13, which project through openings, such as 14 and 15, in the guide-flanges 9 and 10.

16 is a screw-threaded post having a foot 17, to which the gage 11 is secured by means of screws 18 and 19.

The post and gage may be vertically adjusted by the screw 20 and clamped in position by the screw 21. When the gage is being vertically adjusted, it is guided and prevented from rotating on its post by reason of its construction and coaction with the guide-flanges 9 and 10. By reason of the bearing-surfaces provided by the arms 12 and 13 in front and in rear ofthe cutting-iron and the lateral extensions outside of each guide-flange the tool is prevented from tilting forward and back or sidewise when in operation.

The gage may be adjusted to suit the depth of cut desired and may be readily removed upon releasing the screws 18 and 19, in which event the foot 17 acts as a gage, which maybe adjusted for work requiring the gage only on one side. The arms 12 and 13 being formed in one piece with the main body 11 of the gage, the entire bearing area remains in a single plane and is consequently adjusted vertically with uniformity in front and in rear of the plane-iron. This is an advantage which would not be present were the two arms 12 and 13 carried by separate adjusting-posts.

What I claim is —

1. In a plane, a body, auxiliary members having depending guide-flanges with passages in said flanges, and a gage extending laterally through said passages.

2. In a plane, a body and auxiliary members laterally adjustable with relation to one another and adapted to support a plane-iron, a vertically-adjustable post, and a gage carried thereby having members extending in front and in the rear of the plane-iron position and laterally beyond the edges of the plane-iron.

3. In a plane, a body having a depending flange, a plane-iron carried by the body, an adjustable post carried by the body, and a gage carried by said post having an arm extending through the flange in front of the plane-iron.

4. In a plane, a body, an iron clamped thereto, a depending iiange from said body, an auxiliary member laterally adjust able with respect thereto, a depending guide-flange carried by said auxiliary member, and a vertically-adjustable gage in the rear of the plane-iron position extending through said flanges.

5. In a plane, main and auxiliary sections, depending flanges carried thereby, a plane-iron held between said sections, a vertically-adjustable post having a foot, and a gage removably secured to said foot and having an arm extending through said flanges.

6. In a plane, main and auxiliary sections, depending flanges carried thereby, a plane-iron held between said sections, a vertically-adjustable post having a foot, and a gage removably secured to said foot and having arms extending through said flanges in front and in the rear of the plane-iron.

7. As an article of manufacture, a plane-gage attachment comprising a body, means of attachment to a plane, and laterally-extending arms carried by the body spaced apart from each other and lying in the same plane with the body.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
W. J. WORAM,
H. S. WALTER.

No. 778,922 – Woodworking-Tool (Justus A. Traut) (1905)

[paiddownloads id=”613″]778922

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

WOODWORKING-TOOL.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 778,922, dated January 3, 1905.
Application filed June 6, 1904. Serial No. 211,258.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing in New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Woodworking-Tools, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to woodworking tools or implements of the general class in which cutters are adjustably fixed in place — as, for instance, in spokeshaves and analogous artices.

My present improvement relates to the construction and mounting of the cutter and of the means for attaching the cutter and adjusting the same on the tool or implement.

For the purpose of illustrating my present improvement I have shown the same applied to a spokeshave.

In the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a plan view of a spokeshave provided with my present improvements. This view is taken with the cutter uppermost, this arrangement being adopted for convenience of illustration. Fig. 2 is a side elevation as seen from the right hand in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view in line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the cutter mounted on its carrier. Fig. 5 is a side elevation thereof as seen from the right hand, and Fig. 6 shows an alternative form of the end stops on the blade-carrier.

One of the features of the present improvements relates to the manner in which the cutter is mounted on the implement and by which the strains due to the clamping down of the retaining or binding devices are applied directly to a cutter-carrier, this being accomplished in such a manner as to leave the cutter normally free of such strain or cramping action as would tend to interfere with the proper holding of the same or would tend to spring and deflect the cutter.

My present improvements in the preferred form in which I have illustrated them in the present case are adapted for holding the cutter rigidly in place without applying pressure against the ends of the cutter, and at the same time the clamping of the cutter-carrier is effected by a direct pressure in one direction I only and is accomplished by the clamping action applied to relatively large surfaces, thus producing an efdcient holding of the parts together without producing the deiiection of the cutter or injurious strains in any part of the same. In this connection it will be remembered that the steel of which the cutter edge should be made must be of a high quality, whereas a more ductile and flexible quality of metal is desirable for use in making the carrier or any part of the implement which is subjected to intense strains or pressure. By means of the construction herein illustrated these objects are accomplished, the cutter proper (designated in a general way by 7) being made of relatively hard steel of high quality, while the carrier (designated in a general way by 8) is made of sheet steel or other suitable metal of a relatively tough and flexible character.

Another feature of the improvement relates to the manner of connecting the cutter onto its carrier by uniting the parts together by attaching devices — as, for instance, the rivets 9, located at some distance from the ends 10 of the cutter. In this way I obtain flexibility of the end portions of the carrier, allowing these to spring somewhat, and thus holding the cutter firmly in place without subjecting the cutter-blade itself to the deflecting strain. By this means a slight springing of the implement is prevented from affecting the fastening of the cutter in place, either as to the position of the cutter or the degree of security with which it is held, and by this means also I provide for using a lesser degree of precision in the making of the several parts, as well as for the complete interchangeability of the cutters with a lesser degree of precision in the manufacture of the implement, all of which results and objects are of practical importance and value in this art.

The stock of the tool is designated in a general way by 11 and comprises hand-grips 12 and a body portion 13, to which a sole-carrying member or guard-plate 15 is adjustably secured, the sole 16 whereof may be adjusted relative to the plane of the blade by means of set-screws 17, passing through elongated holes 17′ in the sole-carrying member. It will be seen that the ends 18 of the carrier project beyond the ends 10 of the blade and that they have ways 19 for suitable set-screws 20 for securing the blade to the body of the stock. Blocks 21 may be placed upon the top of the end portions of the carrier and lie between the ends of the blade and shoulders 22 of the stock to add to the finish of the instrument and to assist in the securernent of the carrier. The edge 23 of the blade may be adjusted toward and from the sole to regulate the cut by means of shifting the carrier back and forth and tightening the set-screws after it has been adjusted to the desired position.

It will be seen that the ends of the carrier project beyond the ends of the blade and that the carrier is secured to the blade inwardly of such ends whereby the strain of clamping or of working will be neutralized by the yieldability of the carrier to thereby protect and preserve the blade. The form of blade here employed is one made of a plate of metal having a cutting edge, as 23, along one of its sides, and the carrier is also in the form of a plate of metal overlaying the blade at the side or edge, as 26, opposite the cutting edge.

In using the implement the workman will from time to time grind away the edge 23 of the cutter-blade, the cutter being set forward toward the guard-plate or sole 15. The extending ends 24 of the said carrier are represented in Fig. 4 reaching forward to engage the edge or face 25 of the member 15 to limit the forward adjustment of the cutter, and it is intended that these ends when so constructed shall be ground away from time to time accordingly as the cutter-blade becomes narrower after continued use, so that said ends 24 of the carrier constitute stop devices for enabling the workman to set the cutter in the proper position. For convenience said stop ends are shown formed on the outer sides of the slots 19; but, if desired, they may be formed on the inner side of the said slot, or both sides, as indicated at 24 24′ in Fig. 6.

Having thus described my invention, I claim —

1. A cutting-tool embodying a stock, an unyielding blade, and a yieldable connection between the blade and stock andrrigidly secured to each.

2. In a woodworking-tool, the combination with a stock portion having a sole, of a resilient blade-carrier adjustably secured to the stock adjacent to the sole and intermediate the blade and stock, and a rigid blade having an edge and secured intermediate the ends of said edge to such carrier.

3. A woodworking-tool, comprising a stock portion, a rigid blade having a cutting edge, a relatively yieldable carrier rigidly secured to the blade inward of the ends of said edge and intermediate the blade and stock, and means for adjustably securing said carrier to the stock and engaging the same at points beyond the said ends of the blade edge.

4. A woodworking-tool comprising a stock portion, a rigid blade, a relatively yieldable carrier rigidly secured to the blade inward of its ends, means for adjustably securing said carrier to the stock, and stop-faces on the carrier to limit its forward adjustment.

5. A blade for a woodworking-tool, embodying a rigid plate having a cutting edge upon one side, a resilient carrier secured to the other side and projecting therebeyond and having securing means at such projecting portion.

6. A woodworking-tool having a stock, a guard carried thereby and adjustable relative to the position of the cutter, a cutter rigidly secured inwardly of its ends to a carrier; said carrier; means to secure the carrier to the stock; and stop-faces on the carrier to limit its forward adjustment.

7. In a woodworking-tool the combination with a stock, of a resilient carrier-bar clamped with one face adjacent to the stock, a rigid cutting-blade rigidly secured to the other face of said resilient bar sufficiently remote from its clamped portion to constitute the bar a resilient connection between the blade and the stock, and means to clamp said carrier-bar to the stock.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
W. J. WORAM,
E. G. HOFFMAN.

No. 778,921 – Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1905)

[paiddownloads id=”612″]778921

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 778,921, dated January 3, 1905.
Application filed April 27, 1904. Serial No. 205,115.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in planes and particularly to planes, in which cutters of various sizes and shapes may be interchangeably employed.

The object of the invention is to provide a construction in which interchanges of cutters may be effected readily and quickly and the operation of the same made reliable and efficient. I have also sought to employ as few parts as possible and to make the construction as economical as its large variety of functions make feasible.

The construction of my invention in the particular form as shown in the drawings consists of a main body portion and a relatively movable section between which the cutting-iron is secured and held in place. Adjustable and interchangeable sole portions are provided by means of which the plane may be guided and the cutting depth regulated with any form of cutting-iron. These adjustable sole portions also support and steady the plane-iron and permit the user to vary the size of the throat or opening in front of the cutting edge.

The details of construction will be more plainly seen on an inspection of the accompanying single sheet of drawings.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane embodying the improvements of my invention. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same with the addition of adjustable auxiliary guide. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a cutting-iron. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the adjustable and interchangeable sole portions for employment with the plane of my invention.

1 indicates a main body or stock portion of the plane having a guide-blade 2.

3 is a handle which is conveniently provided.

4 is the plane-iron or cutter, which has its cutting edge formed to correspond with the outline of the work which it is desired to turn out.

5 is a suitable clamping-screw for securing the cutter in place.

6 is a screw for adjusting the cutting depth of the plane-iron.

7 and 8 are rods which extend from the body portion of the plane.

9 and 10 are screws for clamping in position.

11 is a sliding section which is upon the rods 7 and 8.

12 and 13 are thumb-screws for clamping the section in place at the distance desired from the main body portion.

14 and 15 are flanges to the front and rear of the throat of the plane which extend downward. The plane-iron when clamped in place is partially supported by the rear flange.

16 and 17 are portions of a sole which is provided to correspond with the shape of the cutter employed to limit the cutting depth and to guide and direct the plane in its operation. These sole portions are formed, preferably, of wood.

18 indicates two screws which take into the sole member 16 for clamping it to the forward flange 14. The flange is preferably provided with keyhole-openings, as shown, so that the sole portion may be removed without entirely removing the screws, it simply being necessary to loosen the screws, slide the sole forward, when the screws may be readily drawn through the enlarged portion. The rear flange 15 is provided with oppositely-positioned keyhole-openings, and the screws 19 coact therewith to clamp the rear sole portion 17 in position. Both of the sole portions may be adjusted front and rear, so as to vary the size of the throat in front of the cutter to bring the rear sole portion up so as to reinforce the cutter and prevent it from chattering or to remove the parts, as may be desired.

20 indicates a section of a molding being cut by a cutter, as shown in the drawings. The form of outline produced will of course depend upon the cutter employed. With my improved invention in use any form of cutter may be employed, it simply being necessary to make use of correspondingly-formed sole portions.

21 indicates a member which may be provided to slide on the rods 7 and 8 and carry an auxiliary guide 22 for fixing the distance of the cutter from the edge of a board, molding, or the like.

23 is a handle which is conveniently provided on this fence portion which serves as a rest for the left hand.

The advantages of my construction will be particularly apparent to those skilled in the manufacture of woodworking-tools and in their use. It greatly reduces the number of parts necessary for a wide variety of work and the expense of the same.

What I claim is —

1. In a plane the combination of a main body member, a member laterally adjustable relatively thereto having flanges projecting downward, said flanges having horizontal openings with enlarged ends, a cutter having an irregularly-shaped edge, a sole member for each of said flanges corresponding in shape to said cutter, and screws for removably securing said sole members to said flanges.

2. In a plane the combination of a main body member, a second member slidable laterally relatively thereto, a pair of flanges projecting downwardly from said slidable member and having an opening between the same, a sole portion carried by each of said flanges, and means for adjusting said sole portions, substantially as described.

3. In a plane, the combination of a body member, a second member laterally adjustable with relation thereto and adapted with said first member to support a plane-iron, a pair of flanges carried by said second member, one in front and the other in the rear, each of said flanges having a plurality of openings elongated liorizontally, the openings in said forward flange being enlarged on their forward ends, the openings in the rear flange being enlarged on their rear ends and a pair of removable sole portions with means coacting with said flanges and the elongated openings therein for securing said sole portions to said flanges.

Signed at New Britain, Connecticut, this 25th day of March, 1904.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
W. J. WORAM,
ROBERT N. PECK.

No. 766,473 – Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1904)

No. 766,473 – Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1904)

[paiddownloads id=”606″]766473

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE &
LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATlON OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 766,473, dated August 2, 1904.
Application filed January 7, 1904. Serial No. 188,049. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in planes.

The object of the invention is to provide a plane of a simple and reliable construction which may be employed in the usual manner or reversed, as in double-ended planes, and adjusted to vary the cutting depth of the plane-iron.

The invention consists in employing, in a plane-body having two throats or openings, one in the plane near the front end and the other near the opposite or rear end, a pivoted step or yoke midway between two inclined guideways, with which coacts an adjusting-screw, one portion of the screw coacting with a block slidable upon either one of the inclined guides to adjust the plane-iron.

Details of the improvement will be more plainly seen on an inspection of the accompanying single sheet of drawings, in which —

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane embodying the improvements of my invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the same, the front handle being, however, broken away and the operating parts shown in position with the plane-iron at the front opening or throat. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of a plane embodying my improvement with the parts reversed, showing the plane-iron adjusted through the rear throat or opening, Fig. 4 is a plan view of my improved plane, the parts being shown in the position of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the plane taken through the pivotal screw-step, the plane-iron and adjusting-screw being removed, showing the step hanging down in the position which it occupies when these parts are removed. Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the adjusting-block through which the adjusting-screw passes and which serves to extend or retract the plane-iron.

1 indicates the body of the plane.

2 is the throat toward the forward end of the plane through which the plane-iron is adapted to project, and 3 is the throat near the rear end of the plane-body.

4 is a plane-iron of suitable construction.

5 is the plane-iron cap for holding the plane-iron securely in place. In the form of my invention herein shown this plane-iron cap terminates at the upper end in a handle portion 6.

7 is a clamping-lever of suitable construction.

8 and 9 are screws which take into the posts 10 and 11, respectively, and for the purpose of coacting with the plane-iron cap for holding it in place.

12 and 13 are oppositely-inclined ways at the rear and front of the plane, respectively, which afford guides for the adjusting-block 14.

15 and 16 are projections from the block 14, adapted to coact with recesses in the rear of the plane-iron 4.

17 is a thumb-nut for operating the adjusting-screw. The threaded portion 18 of the screw coacts with the adjusting-block M.

19 is a step for the adjusting-screw in the form of a yoke which has a screw-threaded portion to correspond with the screw-threads 20 on the adjusting-screw. It will be noted that the pitch of the screw 20 is greater than the pitch of the screw 18. In this instance it is exactly twice, in order that when the thumb-nut 13 is turned in one direction or the other the adjusting-block 14 may move correspondingly as the resultant of the difference between the pitches of the screws.

21 and 22 are pivot-pins for the step 19, which pass through the lugs 23 and 24, which are preferably cast integral with the body of the plane on either side.

25 and Q6 are small grooves cut in the upper surface of the base of the plane to allow slight clearance for the lower end of the adjusting-screw when it is being operated and reversed. Ordinarily the plane is used with the parts in the position as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 4. When, however, it is desired to use the plane in a corner or some other position, the parts may be reversed, as shown in Fig. 3. To reverse the parts, the cap 5 and the iron 4 are removed after releasing the lever 7, when the adjusting-screw and adjusting block and step may be swung over to the position shown in Fig. 3, the parts pivoting on the axis of the pins 21 and 22. In this position the parts may be again assembled, as shown in Fig. 3, when the plane will operate as before.

The construction will be seen to be simple and not at all likely to become injured or disarranged accidentally, and yet the reversal or adjustment of the parts in either of their positions may be effected without difliculty.

What I claim is —

1. In a plane in combination a body portion, having two throats, a plane-iron, a pivoted step, an adjusting-block, an adjusting-screw coacting with said block and said step and oppositely-inclined guideways forming supports for said adjusting-block.

2. In a plane, a body portion having a plurality of throats, a plane-iron, acap, inclined guideways and cap-screws for said iron toward each of said throats, clamping means and reversible means for manually adjusting the cutting depth of said plane-iron through either of said throats.

3. In a plane, a body portion having two throats, a plane-iron, a cap, cap-screws and a clamp for supporting said iron in position at either throat, and reversible adjusting means coacting with said iron in either position for varying its cutting depth.

4. In a plane, a body having two throats, a plane-iron, a cap, cap-screws, a clamping-lever and a reversible adjusting-block and means for moving said block to adjust the plane-iron through either throat as may be desired.

Signed at New Britain, Connecticut, this 31st day of December, 1903.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
H. S. WALTER,
W. J. WORAM.

No. 719,062 – Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1903)

[paiddownloads id=”581″]719062

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO
THE STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT,
A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 719,062, dated January 27, 1903.
Application filed October 29, 1902. Serial No. 129,227. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to planes, and particularly to plane-handles.

The object of this invention is to provide a detachable handle which is adjustable and which may be applied to a plane at the side thereof in any desired position, so that when the plane is used upon its side the operator may have a convenient and effective means to hold the plane and apply to it power suficient to cause it to operate efficiently and in the intended manner. Heretofore in using a plane in this manner with the edge of the knife placed vertically it has been not only extremely awkward for the operator, but very difficult to keep the plane in the proper position to get true and effective work. Frequently the thing to be planed is of such shape or is so located that it cannot be placed upright to permit the plane to be used in the ordinary way with the fixed handle upright, and it is because on occasions it is necessary to use the plane on its side that a detachable side handle is found to be a feature of great convenience and utility. Inasmuch as planes vary substantially in size, I have devised a simple and effective mechanism the purpose of which is to render the handle adjustable, so that it may be attached to planes within a wide range of sizes.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane with the detachable handle applied thereto. Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof. Fig. 3 is a cross-section of the plane-stock and detachable handle as shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a view of the inside of the detachable handle.

A represents the stock of an iron plane. B is a handle permanently attached to the rear end thereof.

C is a front knob or handle, also usually permanently attached to the stock A.

In ordinary use the operator grasps the two handles B C.

The other details of the plane proper, such as the knife and the adjusting devices, it is unnecessary to describe in detail herein, because they constitute no part of this invention.

D is the body of a detachable handle, preferably in the form of a shell, since it provides a strong and light construction.

E is a lip on one side of the body D, the same being by preference of sufficient length to give a long flat bearing. Obviously the number of these lips E is immaterial. Two short lips spaced apart would give the same results. The lip E will for convenience of expression be termed herein the “flat” lip. F’ is a hooked lip at the opposite side of the body D, the said hook facing the flat lip E.

Ordinarily the stock A of a metal plane is provided with cheek-pieces, one on each side, and these cheek-pieces are generally shaped as shown in Fig. 1, in which they incline upwardly from each end to a high point or crown.

In attaching the haudle-body D the flat lip E is placed against the bottom of the plane-stock, and the handle is then pushed forward toward the highest part of the cheek-piece until the hooked lip F’ engages with it and may be wedged thereon, the hook F’ overstanding the upper edge of the cheek-piece and securing the handle in place on the side of the plane. The operator may then use the plane with one or both hands. In case one hand is used the palm is placed against the rear side of the body D and the fingers are placed over the top of the plane, giving a secure grip. The position of the plane will then be on its side, and the same may be pushed along the side or edge of the thing to be planed and the work done with ease and accuracy. In case the operator desires to use two hands he may grasp the solid handle B with one hand and the detachable handle D with the other, the latter taking the place of the knob-handle C. When the work is completed, the handle D may be easily removed by sliding the same backward and freeing the hook F’ from the cheek-piece of the stock.

Inasmuch as planes vary substantially in size, I have provided a simple and effective means whereby a single detachable handle may be used upon any plane within a wide range of sizes. As will be seen from the drawings, the book F’ is provided with a shank portion F2 in its preferred form, the end of which is bent or offset and through which end passes an adjusting-screw G.

D’ D’ are guide-flanges upon the body D, which are undercut to receive the shank F2, which is preferably dovetaiied, so as to be held between the flanges D’ D’. The fit of the shank F2 in said flanges D’ D’ is sufficiently free to permit said shank to slide longitudinally. Hence by turning the adjusting-screw G the shank F2 may be moved in the guide-flanges D’ D’ and the position of the hook F’ varied relatively to the flat lip E. For convenience of adjustment one end of the adjusting-screw may have a screw-driver slot, while the other end may be provided with a head G’ to prevent the screw from moving longitudinally. In the form shown inasmuch as the screw cannot move longitudinally the rotation of the screw will transmit longitudinal movement to the offset portion of the shank F2 and a corresponding movement in the lip F’, as described. While the handle D may be jammed into engagement with the cheek-piece of the plane-stock A, it may be still further tightened by turning up the screw G after it has been jammed as tightly as possible by sliding the handle forward. Another advantage of this construction resides in the fact that by shifting the hook F’ the operative position of the handle D may be varied on a plane of any given size. For example, the hook F’ may be drawn so near to the lip E that the handle D will stand well toward the rear end of the plane, or the hook F’ may be moved so far away from the lip E that the handle D will lie closely adjacent to the highest part of the cheek-piece and well forward on the side of the plane.

Obviously the construction herein shown may be modified in a variety of ways, such as will be apparent to the mechanic skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of this invention.

What I claim is —

1. A side handle for a plane comprising, a body portion and means projecting from said body for detachably and adjustably engaging the same at the side of a plane-stock.

2. A side handle for a plane comprising, a body portion and adjustable means for frictionally and detachably engaging the same with the cheek-piece of the plane-stock.

3. A side handle for a plane comprising, a body portion D, a flat lip on one side, and an adjustable lip on the opposite side, said lips being adapted to engage with the plane-stock.

4. A side handle for a plane, comprising, a body portion, lips on opposite sides thereof, one of said lips being adjustable and one of said lips being hooked.

Signed at New Britain, Connecticut, this 24th day of October, 1902.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
H. S. WALTER,
W. A. BLAKELY.

No. 718,679 – Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1903)

[paiddownloads id=”578″]718679

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 718,679, dated January 20, 1903.
Application filed August 16, 1902. Serial No. 119,845. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing in New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the class of planes, especially those used for forming grooves and tongues to match; and one of the principal objects thereof is to provide in a single structure means for forming a groove and means for forming a corresponding tongue, thereby accomplishing the same result as is usually attained by the use of a pair of match-planes.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a duplex plane made in accordance with my present improvements. Fig. 2 is a plan view, partly in section, of the plane. Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-section taken on line x x of Fig. 2 and looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 4 is a perspective, taken partly in section, of the middle portion of the plane-stock; and Fig. 5 is a cross-section taken on the line y y of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrow.

In the several views similar parts are designated by similar characters of reference.

The stock 1 of the plane is of extra width, so as to accomrnodate two cutting-irons 2 and 3, the former being formed for cutting a tongue upon the edge of a board and the latter being formed for cutting a groove to match said tongue. These cutting- knives are set reversely one to the other upon upwardly and rearwardly inclined beds 4 and 5, which are integral with the stock, and the latter is provided upon one side with a throat or mouth 6 for the cutting-iron 2 and upon the other side with a throat 7 for the cutting-iron 3. The stock is also formed with a sole 8 to match the tongue-cutter 2 and a sole 9 to match the groove-cutter 3, said soles being separated by a guiding-flange 10, depending from the stock. It will be observed each of the throats 6 and 7 is open at its outer side, thereby affording clearance in use and also facilitating the construction of the plane, and that each throat is formed opposite the body portion 1a of the other sole. At the front of each throat is formed an upwardly and forwardly extending integral apron 11, and these aprons are joined to a high rib 12, integral with the stock and rising therefrom between the cutting-irons 2 and 3. Said rib extends at each end beyond the throats, whereby the stock is effectually stiffened, thereby adapting the plane, although of light construction, to meet all the requirements of the art. It will be seen also that each of the inclined beds 4 and 5 is joined at its inner side to the rib 12, thereby giving an extra stiffness to the rib and stock, and, further, that each of the throats is surrounded on three sides by a continuous integral rib or box-like structure, which minimizes the liability of chattering of the plane. It will also be seen, as at Fig. 4, that the rib 12 preferably forms a substantial continuation of the pendent guiding-flange 10. The stock is provided at its ends with handles 13 and 14, arranged one reversely to the other, so that either may be used in connection with its associated cutting-iron and so that, if desired, the operator may use both hands in holding the plane, which is often a great convenience. Preferably each handle is in line longitudinally of the stock with its associated cutting-iron, as illustrated at Figs. 2, 3, and 5, although they may be otherwise arranged within the scope of my improvements. The illustrated construction affords ample clearance for the hand of the operator. The cutting-irons may be held upon their beds or sides by clamping irons or bows 15 and 16, each of which may be provided upon its inner side with an ear 17, which is attached by a screw 18 to the vertical side of the stiffening-rib 12, said ear 17 being formed between the ends of the clamping-iron, and the latter having at its upper end a clamping-screw 19, threaded into the clamping-iron and bearing against the cutting-iron, so that by driving said screw pressure is brought upon the cutting-iron both near the cutting-point thereof and also at the upper portion thereof, thereby obtaining steadiness ofthe cutting-iron in operation.

It will be observed that one of the principal features of the stock illustrated relates to the combination between that portion of the stock which carries one of the cutters with the other portion of the stock which carries the other of the cutters. It will be seen that owing to the provision of two diverse soles, with corresponding cutters, a broader and stiffer stock is formed than would be required for a single cutter. It will also be noted that since the two soles are built or formed upon a single member the central vertical rib 12, which constitutes a truss or stiffening member for the stock, constitutes such stiffening member in respect of each of the two soles or planing devices which are comprised in the complete implement. Furthermore, the same double construction and double utility obtains with respect to the guiding-flange 10, which depends from the stock.

A further important advantage obtained by the described construction pertains to the manner in which the plane-body is strengthened at the points where the mouths are located. Since these months are each open on one side, each sole, considered by itself, is correspondingly weakened; but by reversing the arrangement of the cutters not only is the single guide-plate 10 brought into proper position for use with both of the cutters, but the two mouths are also located at different points in the length of the stock, so as not to come adjacent one to the other. This organization brings a solid or uncut portion of one side of the stock adjacent to the plane-mouth that is formed in the other side of the stock, considering the stock as a whole. Thus at points 1a in Fig. 2 portions of the soles constitute lateral reinforcing-ribs which join the main vertical member or web 10 12 of the stock, and so reinforce the same and produce a very rigid construction even when the stock is made so thin as to produce a plane of relative light weight. In Figs. 3 and 5 these two portions of the stock are clearly illustrated and indicate the exceptional advantages obtained in an implement of this general class by combining a pair of planes into a single structure. It will further be perceived that the finishing of the bottom of the plane, including all of the surfaces of the soles and of the gage-plate or filange 10, may be accomplished at one milling operation. Moreover, the increased strength obtained by the invention greatly facilitates the milling operation, since the casting has great rigidity, notwithstanding the open plane-mouths. Thus the plane is inexpensive to produce, as well as having advantages for the user. By combining the two planes into one implement a much less total weight is required for the complete outfit than in the case of two separate implements usually furnished for this class of work. The advantage is obtained of additional strength due to the presence in whichever of the two planing devices may be for the moment employed of the stability and rigidity due to the reinforcement thereof by the companion part not then in direct use.

It is convenient to have a plane with two handles, since it may by this means be more reliably guided in the hands of the workman. The reversed mounting of the two handles is a convenience for this purpose.

It will be observed that the plane is duplex in that it has two cutting-irons, that the single stock is provided with two independent soles each having a cutting-iron, that the cutting-irons are independently attachable and diverse or formed for making different cuts one from the other, that said irons are mounted at different points in the stock — that is, so that their cutting points or portions do not coincide one with the other — that the guiding flange or plate 10 is between the cutting edges of the irons 2 and 3 and extends substantially the entire length of the sole to stiffen the same and is provided upon both sides with guiding-surfaces, as at 10a and 10b, that the rib 12 is disposed between the cutting-irons 2 and 3, forms a substantial continuation of the guiding-flange 10, is integral with the stock 1, and extends at each end beyond the months or throats 6 and 7, and that the aprons 11 form angular continuations of said rib.

Variations may be resorted to within the scope of my invention, and portions of my improvements may be used without others in various kinds of planes.

Having described my invention, I claim —

1. A duplex plane having a single cast-metal stock which is provided with two diverse plane-irons, one thereof at each side of the stock, and an integral guiding-flange projecting below the sole of the stock and between said cutting-irons; said stock being in the form of a thin flat plate at right angles to said flange, so that a cross-section of the sole and flange resembles a T.

2. A duplex plane having a single cast-metal stock which is provided with two diverse plane-irons, one thereof at each side of the stock, and an integral guiding-flange projecting below the sole of the stock and between said cutting-irons, said flange extend-ing substantially the entire length of the sole, to stiffen the same; said stock being in the forrn of a thin flat plate at right angles to said flange, so that a cross-section of the sole and flange resembles a T.

3. A duplex plane having a single cast-metal stock which is provided with two diverse cutting-irons, one at each side of the stock, and one reverse to the other, and an integral guiding-flange projecting below the sole of the stock and between said cutting-irons, said stock consisting of a thin fiat plate, and having throats at widely-separated points in its length.

4. A duplex plane having a single cast-metal stock which is provided with two diverse cutting-irons, one at each side of the stock, said stock consisting of a thin sole and an integral guiding-flange projecting below the sole and between said cutting-irons; an integral trussing-rib also rising from the stock and extending longitudinally thereof.

5. A duplex plane having a single cast-metal stock which is provided with two diverse cutting-irons, one at each side of the stock, said stock consisting of a thin sole and an integral guiding-flange projecting below the sole, and also having an integral guiding-rib which rises from the stock and extends longitudinally thereof, and forms a substantial continuation of said guiding-flange, said flange and rib being between said cutting-irons.

6. A duplex plane having a stock of cast metal upon which are formed two diverse soles, cutting-irons to match said soles, and an integral stiffening-rib rising from said stock between said irons.

7. A duplex plane having a single stock of cast metal which is provided with two diverse cutting-irons one mounted reversely to the other, and a rib integral with said stock and rising therefrom between said plane-irons and extending at each end beyond the throats in the stock.

8. A duplex plane having a single stock of cast metal which is provided with two diverse cutting-irons mounted one reverse to the other at different points along said stock, a rib integral with said stock and rising therefrom between said irons and extending at each end beyond the throats in the stock, and an integral guiding-flange depending from the sole of the stock.

9. A duplex plane having a single stock of cast metal which is provided with two diverse cutting-irons one reverse to the other and mounted at different points along said stock, a rib integral with said stock and rising therefrom between said cutting-irons and extending at each end beyond the throats in the stock, and an integral guiding-flange depending from the sole of the stock; each of said throats being open at its outer side.

10. A duplex plane having a single stock of cast metal which is provided with two diverse cutting-irons one reverse to the other and mounted at diderent points along said stock, a rib integral with said stock and rising therefrom between said irons and extending at each end beyond the throats in the stock, and an integral apron rising from the stock at the front of each throat, said aprons forming angular continuations of said rib.

11. A duplex plane having a single stock of cast metal which is provided with two diverse cutting-irons one reverse to the other and mounted at different points along said stock, a rib integral with said stock and rising therefrom between said irons and extending at each end beyond the throats in the stock, an integral apron rising from the stock at the front of each throat, said aprons forming angular continuations of said rib, and an integral guiding-flange depending from the sole of the stock and extending substantially the entire length thereof, and forming a substantial continuation of said rib.

12. A duplex plane having a single stock of cast metal which is provided with two diverse cutting-irons one reverse to the other and mounted at different points along said stock, a rib integral with said stock and rising therefrom between said irons and extending at each end beyond the throats in the stock, and a bed-plate extending backward and upward from each throat, said bed-plates being integral with the stock and being joined to said rib at their inner sides.

13. A duplex plane having a single stock of cast metal which is provided with two diverse cutting-irons one reverse to the other and mounted at different points along said stock, a rib integral with said stock and rising therefrom between said irons and extending at each end beyond the throats in the stock, a bed-plate extending backward and upward from each throat, said bed-plates being integral with the stock and being joined to said rib at their inner sides, and an integral guiding-flange depending from the sole between said plane-irons.

14. A duplex plane having a single stock of cast metal which is provided with two diverse cutting-irons, one reverse to the other and mounted at different points along said stock, a rib integral with said stock and rising therefrom between said irons and extending at each end beyond the throats in the stock, a bed-plate extending backward and upward from each throat, said bed-plates being integral with the stock and being joined to said rib at their inner sides, and an integral apron rising from the stock at the front of each throat, said aprons forming angular continuations of said rib.

15. A duplex plane having a single stock of cast metal which is provided with two diverse cutting-irons one reverse to the other and mounted at different points along said stock, a rib integral with said stock and rising therefrom between said irons and extending at each end beyond the throats in the stock, a bed-plate extending backward and upward from each throat, said bed-plates being integral with the stock and being joined to said rib at their inner sides, an integral apron rising from the stock at the front of each throat, said aprons forming angular continuations of said rib, and an integral guiding-flange depending from the sole of the stock between said irons and extending for substantially the entire length of the sole and forming a substantial continuation of said rib.

16. A duplex plane having a stock of cast metal which is provided with diverse cutting-irons and corresponding soles, the throat in each sole being opposite to the body of the other sole.

17. A duplex plane having a stock of cast metal which is provided with diverse cutting-irons and corresponding soles, the throat in each sole being opposite to the body of the other sole, and continuous integral rib portions rising from the sole between the plane-irons and extending along the front and back and inner side of each throat.

18. A duplex plane having a stock of cast metal which is provided with diverse cutting-irons and corresponding soles, the throat in each sole being opposite to the body of the other sole, and continuous integral rib portions rising from the sole between the plane-irons and extending along the front and back and inner side of each throat, said throats being open at their outer sides.

19. A plane having a cast-metal stock which is provided with a cutting-iron, and also having an integral rib rising from the stock and extending longitudinally thereof, beyond the throat of the stock, said throat being open on the side opposite said rib, an integral part projecting laterally from said rib and a clamping-iron having a bearing upon said projecting part.

20. A duplex plane having a stock of cast metal upon which are formed two diverse soles, cutting-irons to match said soles, an integral stiffening-rib rising from said stock between said irons, and clamping-irons having bearings on said rib.

21. A duplex plane having a single stock of cast metal which is provided with two diverse cutting-irons, a rib integral with said stock and rising therefrom between said plane-irons and extending at each end beyond the throats in the stock, clamping-irons having ears whereby they are pivoted to said rib, and clamping-screws for said clamping-irons.

22. A duplex plane having a single stock of cast metal which is provided with two diverse cutting-irons mounted one reversely to the other, a rib integral with said stock and rising therefrom between said plane-irons and extending at each end beyond the throats in the stock, clamping-irons having between their ends ears which have bearings upon said rib, and clamping-screws at the upper ends of said clamping-irons.

23. A duplex plane having a single stock of cast metal which is provided with two diverse cutting-irons mounted one reversely to the other, a rib integral with said stock and rising therefrom between said plane-irons and extending at each end beyond the throats in the stock, clamping-irons having between their ends ears which have hearings upon said rib, clamping-screws at the upper ends of said clamping-irons, and an integral guiding-rib depending from the sole of the stock.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
EBEN STRONG,
FRANK L. TRAUT.

No. 710,542 – Bench-Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1902)

[paiddownloads id=”573″]710542

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO
THE STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT,
A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 710,542, dated October 7, 1902.
Application filed December 28, 1901. Serial No. 87,532. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing in New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to bench-planes; and it consists, substantially, in the improvements hereinafter more particularly described.

Considerable attention has been given in recent years to the construction and operation of bench-planes (both metal planes and wooden planes) with a view to increasing the general effectiveness and range of efficiency thereof, and more especially to the construction and organization of the elements or parts constituting the operative mechanism of the plane, as well as to the manner of seating and securing such mechanism within or upon the plane stock or body. Principal among the difficulties encountered in planes usually is the undue vibration or chattering of the edge or operative portion of the plane-iron, due largely to the drag or upward resistance offered by the surface of the wood operated upon, particularly in the case of hard woods. To overcome such chattering in a metal plane, it has been suggested to provide the upper surface of the sole of the plane with two steps, one raised or elevated above the other and the two constituting remotely-situated step-bearings for a so-called “frog” firmly held upon said bearings and flexed to thereby steady the same, and thus prevent chattering of the plane, while still permitting of adjustments of the plane-iron for varying the width of the throat of the plane. As is obvious, a construction or organization of the kind mentioned is not practicable with a plane having a wooden body; but, as hereinafter specifically explained, practically the same resuits are attained in a wooden plane by means of substantially the construction and organization of devices herein employed. Other difficulties and disadvantages have also been frequently met with in the construction and operation of the adjusting elements of the operative mechanisms of planes generally, I (both metal and wooden planes,) since in many embodiments hitherto devised or employed it is always diflicult and often practically impossible to effect the adjustment of one of such parts or elements without disarranging or dislocating the whole or some other part or parts of the mechanism and which is a decided objection for several reasons. Still further, in many instances hitherto the so-called “wooden planes” are both heavy for convenient use and comparatively expensive to manufacture on account of the considerable arnount of material employed in the construction of the essentially metallic portions thereof, and for which and other reasons the commercial advantages of the plane are greatly lessened as well as its utility.

The present invention has for its object to overcome all of the above-mentioned difficulties and disadvantages and to provide a bench-plane possessing the greatest stability between the several elements or parts thereof and also in which each part or element combines maximum strength with extreme lightness and delicacy of structure.

A further object is to greatly improve this class of tools generally, both from a commercial as well as from a practical standpoint, whereby the cost of the plane is reduced and the effectiveness and efficiency of the same enhanced over and above many planes hitherto devised with similar ends in view.

A further object of the present invention is to provide simple and effective means for preventing chattering of the operative portion of the plane-iron and also to provide a plane mechanism of great stability and compactness and one in which the up and down adjusting devices for the plane-iron may be set to any position desired irrespective of whether the said mechanism is in place within or upon the plane body or stock.

A still further object is to provide a plane mechanism adapted for use with plane stocks or bodies of dilferent standard sizes without requiring any change either in the adjustment or fastening of any of the elements thereof, all as will more fully hereinafter appear.

The above and additional objects are attained by means substantially such as are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein —

Figure 1 represents a longitudinal vertical sectional elevation of a bench-plane embodying my several improvements, said view being taken substantially on the median line of the plane. Fig. 2 is a top plan view of my improved bench-plane with the operative mechanism thereof detached or removed to more clearly indicate the construction of the plane-stock, as well as the inclined seats or supports which receive and cooperate with the uppermost projections or raised bearing-surfaces on the rear or under side of the adjustable supporting-frame of said operative mechanism. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the top iron of the plane, taken about centrally. Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of my improved bench-plane, taken about on the same line as in Fig. 1, the stock or body of the plane being broken off at the ends. Fig. 5 is a view looking from the rear or under side of the adjustable supporting-frame for the operative mechanism of the plane (appurtenances being removed) to more clearly indicate the arrangement and location of the projections or raised bearing-surfaces on said frame. Fig. 6 is a sectional view on the line X X of Fig. 7 to indicate more clearly one of the slots and screws or similar fastenings by which the adjustable frame of the plane mechanism is confined in place upon the seats therefor, said view being minus the plane-iron and its adjusting devices, as well as the top plate and clamping bow or lever shown in Figs. 1 and 4. Fig. 7 is a vertical transverse sectional view looking toward the right of Fig. 1 and being partly broken away at one side to indicate one of the screw-holes in the plane-stock and also being minus the forwardly-adjusting device for the plane-iron, as well as said latter element and the top plate and clamping bow or lever shown in Figs. 1 and ft. Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic view illustrative of the adaptation of my improved plane mechanism to plane bodies or stocks of different sizes or dimensions.

Before proceeding with a more detailed description it may be stated that in carrying my invention into effect I provide the body or stock of the plane of any suitable wood adapted to the purpose, and I form therein an opening extending from top to bottom thereof for the reception of the operative mechanism of the plane, which mechanism comprises suitable ordinary adjusting devices for the plane-iron both in vertical and lateral directions. The said operative mechanism also includes an adjustable supporting-frame constructed with a sole-plate in which is formed the throat for the proper working of the cutting edge of the bit or plane-iron, and said sup porting-frame is otherwise constructed in the manner and for the purpose hereinafter specifically explained. When the elements of the operative mechanism of the plane ar properly adjusted relatively to each other and the supporting-frame thereof also adjusted and secured in place within the stock, opposing forces or strains are set up or established between the said frame and stock at different points, as vvell as between the frame and clamping-bow at substantially corresponding points, the tendency of such strains or forces in one direction being to firmly hold or press the remote bearing-surfaces of the frame to their supporting-seats and those in the other direction to dislodge or pull the frame therefrom, whereas in virtue of the peculiar construction and organization of the different cooperating parts the said forces tend to slightly bend or flex the frame between its bearings on the stock, and the resultant effect is to establish equilibrium and-perfect stability between the several elements ofthe plane mechanism, and thereby prevent vibrating action of the supporting-frame, and consequently effectually preventing or overcoming any tendency of the operative portion of the bit or plane-iron to chatter or vibrate in the use of the plane either upon hard or soft woods.

Through the vertical adjustments of the said supporting-plane for the plane mechanism the amount of protuberance or projection of the wearing-sole from the under or operating surface of the plane-stock may be varied or altered so as to receive practically much the greater part of the wear of the plane, and it will be apparent that in any of such adjustments the vertical position of the operative edge of the plane-iron will be correspondingly altered or changed. The lateral as well as the vertical adjustments of the plane-iron, however, are effected independently of the adjustments of said frame, and, as will be seen hereinafter, the devices for effecting the latter adjustments may be set before introducing or seating the plane mechanism within the stock. Moreover, the organization is such that even after the said plane mechanism is seated within the stock either one or all of the adjustments mentioned may be made without dislocation of any one or more of the elements or parts. My improved plane mechanism is complete in itself and constitutes a compact and stable structure adaptable to planes of different heights or dimensions within certain limits, and thus said mechanism may be kept “in stock” in large quantities and sold to the trade separately from the bodies of the planes, if desired. This also is a great advantage in that said mechanism may be applied to plane-bodies of one size or another either at the time of sale or when the planes are sent to market or else when substituting either a plane-body or one set of mechanism for another, as in instances of renewals and repairs.

Specific reference being had to the accompanying drawings, A represents an ordinary plane stock or body constructed of any suitable wood and formed at a suitable point in the length thereof with an opening a, extending from the upper surface b to the lower and operating surface, said opening being for the accommodation and working of the parts or elements of which the plane mechanism is made up or constituted. The surface of the front wall of the opening a may be straight at d for its full height, if desired, whereas at a suitable distance from the under side of the stock said wall is preferably undercut, so as to form a downwardly and forwardly inclined beveled surface e, as shown. The surface of the rear wall of said opening is inclined upwardly and rearwardly at f substantially at an angle of forty-five degrees (more or less) from the point g of the stock, thus decreasing the length of the opening toward the bottom of the stock, as shown, the width of said opening between the sides of the stock being of equal extent throughout. The beveled or inclined surfaces e and f are parallel with each other, the said surface f being longer or higher than the surface e and serving not only to position the plane mechanism within the stock, but also in part as a seat and resistance for the lower end of the adjustable supporting-frame of the plane mechanism, to be hereinafter described.

Secured to the upper surface of the stock or body of the plane in any suitable manner, and preferably by means of screws, such as h, is the top iron C, constructed of a single piece and formed with the slightly-elevated centrally-disposed side portions i i, connected together at the upper edge of the forward wall of opening a of the stock by means of a slightly-raised rib j, said side portions having their inner surfaces substantially even or flush with the inner surfaces of the two sides of said opening, while the outer surfaces thereof are preferably somewhat within the side or corresponding surfaces of the plane-stock, this construction tending to greater strength and more equal distribution of weight and strain throughout the plane structure. The said side portions i i of the plane-iron extend rearwardly a suitable distance beyond the upper edge of the rearwardly-inclined surface of the rear wall of said opening a of the stock, and they are turned or inclined inwardly at k k, whence they merge or terminate in parallel strengthening-flanges l l, between which is snugly seated the elongated base in of the rear handle n of the plane. The said handle n is securely fastened in place by means of a rod o passing down through the same, and the lower-threaded end of which is received in a projection o’ on the top iron, having a similarly-threaded opening to receive it, said rod being provided with a screw-cap o” at its upper end fitting a countersink at the upper surface fn’ of the handle. From this construction it will be seen that the said handle is securely braced against lateral strains in the manipulation of the plane and that the fastening therefor is also largely relieved of such strains, thereby tending to greater effectiveness and security of fastening. Seated upon the forward flanged portion i2 of the top iron is the forward knob or handle i3, secured in place by one of the screws h, entering the stock or body A, as shown.

Situated upon the upper surface of the plane stock or body A, intermediate or between the raised side portions of the top iron C, are preferably two seats or supports s s, which are each substantially pyramidal in side view, with the upwardly and rearwardly inclined edges or faces s’ s’ thereof preferably flush with and constituting practical extensions or continuations of the said upwardly and rearwardly inclined surface f of the opening of of the stock, said seats also cooperating with the supporting-frame of the plane mechanism, as already suggested and to be presently explained. These seats s s may be mounted in position in various different ways; but preferably I provide bases s2 s2 therefor, joined together by an integral connecting base portion s3, and said bases are also in turn preferably integral with the corresponding side portions i i of the top iron, as indicated at s4 s4. The bases are firmly held in position upon the upper surface of the plane-stock, (as are the remaining portions of the top iron C,) and from the construction and organization herein shown it will be seen that an eminently strong and stable structure is had or obtained. Said inclined seats by being thus widely separated from each other enable a great saving to be had in the amount of metal employed in their construction, and an additional saving of metal is also derived in dispensing with any connection between the outer sides of the seats and the opposing inner sides of the top iron, excepting at the bases s2 s2, as already described. In this way also the structure is rendered considerably lighter without loss of strength, while the space between the said inclined seats is utilized to partially receive and accommodate the working of the vertically-adjusting devices for the plane-iron, as will hereinafter appear.

Formed in the rearwardly and upwardly inclined wall f of the opening a of the stock or body A and at predetermined points on opposite sides of the median line of the width of the plane are suitable openings f2 f2, (see Fig. 2,) which extend into said body or stock substantially at right angles to such inclined surface, said openings each being for the reception of means, such as a screw u, for securing the supporting-frame D of the plane mechanism B firmly in place. Said supporting-frame comprises, essentially, a substantially rectangular plate having therein suitable oblong slots or openings v v, (see Fig. 5,) through which pass the fastening-screws u, (but one being shown,) the said slots or openings being for the purpose of enabling the said supporting-frame to be moved or adjusted on the screws with respect to the plane-stock. The entrances to the openings f2 f2 in the stock are at the highest available point of the stock by which to bring the heads of the screws as close as practicable to and yet below the axis of the forwardly-projecting screw E, which fits in said plate in line with the transverse center thereof. The purpose of this organization will be fully understood hereinafter, and it may be stated at this point that the base portion s3 of the top iron, as well as the upper surface of the plane-stock, are each preferably correspondingly notched or out out at y y’, by which to accommodate the inner end of said screw E in the event of any inward adjustments thereof being made at any time, though in most instances said notches may be dispensed with. It may also be here added that the upper surface of frame D is sunken or recessed at v’ v’, so as to bring the outer surface of the heads of said screws it in a plane at least flush with or slightly below the highest parts of the frame-surface to thus enable the proper seating in place of the plane-iron D2, hereinafter referred to. The said supporting-frame D is made very thin and strong, as will be observed, and to further reduce the weight thereof it is preferably channeled out on the upper surface, as shown at z, for instance, thereby leaving slightly-raised surfaces ,z’ z2 z3, and z4, and upon which rests the under surface of said plane-iron, this latter element having an opening for the passage of screw E, and leading from which opening is the usual slot 2, between the sides of which extend the effective portions of the usual lateral and vertical adjusting devices for the plane-iron. The said frame D is also sunken in its upper surface just above screw E to form a recess 3 for the accommodation of the head 4 of the screw which secures the top plate 4a to the plane-iron, and said plane-iron and said top plate each has the usual slot or opening 5 5a in which works the end of the upper arm 6 of the swinging yoke-lever 8, the ends of the furcated arm 9 of which are engaged by collars 10 11 on a sleeve working on a screw 12, fitted in a threaded opening in a bearing 13 on the under side of frame D and having a head 14 for manipulation thereof. These elements constitute well-known vertical adjusting devices for the plane-iron; but attention is called to the compact organization herein shown and provided whereby said bearing for the adjusting-screw is accommodated between the elevated inclined seats 5 3 on the upper surface of the plane-stock. Pivoted at 15 upon the upper surface of frame D is the usual laterally-adjusting lever 16 for the plane-iron, said lever having the button 17, engaging the sides of slot 2 of said iron, while secured in place upon the said top plate 4a is the usual clamping-bow 18, having therein a slot 19, the edges of which are engaged by the head of screw E, the said bow having on its under side a spring 20, which is forced against the upper surface of the top plate 4a by means of a cam 21 on a lever 22, working in the upper end of the bow in a well-known way, the action of said cam at the same time being to throw the upper end of the bow upwardly or outwardly from said top plate. By turning said cam-lever upwardly or outwardly the parts are loosened sufficiently to enable any desired adjustments of the plane-iron to be made, or the elements above the frame D may then be temporarily removed for the purpose of adjusting the said frame upon its fastening-screws.

The supporting-frame D for the plane mechanism is formed with a wearing-sole 25, having therein the throat 26 for the cutting or operative end of the plane-iron, and immediately in front of the throat said sole is constructed with a wedge 27, extending the full width of the opening a in the stock, the forward inclined face 28 of which wedge snugly fits against the undercut or bevel e of said stock. Said wedge is united or connected with the forward or upper surface of the frame mechanism, at the edges thereof, by means of integral side plates 30, as shown, and it will be seen that one of the principal reasons for the adjustability of the said supporting-frame D is to enable the sole to be so adjusted with reference to the under or working face of the plane as to practically receive all the wear of the plane. As the sole itself wears it can be readily adjusted in compensation therefor, as is evident. Said supporting-frame D is formed on its under surface, at the lower end thereof, with a slightly-projected bearing-surface 31, extending all the way across the frame and which has its seat upon the lower part of the inclined surface f of the rear wall of opening a in the stock, it being understood, of course, that said bearing-surface is planed or dressed off parallel with said beveled or inclined surfaces e and f, and the supporting-frame itself being also parallel therewith, so as to occupy the necessary inclined position upon the plane. Also formed on the under side of said frame D at points substantially opposite the forward inclined edges or faces of the inclined seats or supports s s of the top iron are similarly-projected bearing-surfaces 32 32, (see Fig. 5,) which rest and have a firm bearing upon said seats or supports s s, the median line of the width of such surfaces being somewhat outside median lines passing between the vertical edges of each of said slots v v, this construction aiding in the flenure or bending of the frame intermediate its supports or bearings, as is evident.

To assemble the parts of the plane, the frame D is placed within the opening a of the stock, with the bearing-surfaces 31 and 32 32 thereof resting upon the several seats therefor already described, and the screws u are screwed down very tightly upon the frame after the latter has been adjusted to bring the sole-plate thereof to the desired position relatively to the bottom surface of the stock. The top iron and its plate may now be placed in position by slipping the same over the screw E, after which the clamping lever or bow is also applied in similar manner, and the cam-lever 22 is then turned downward, so as to throw the upperend of said clamping-lever outward or upward, while the spring on the under side thereof is forced against the top plate by the cam, thus holding the elements of the plane mechanism together very rigidly. In virtue of the construction of my improved supporting-frame D and cooperation between the remote bearing-surfaces thereof and the corresponding seats therefor upon the plane-stock the said frame is firmly and securely held down by means of its screws in a manner quite evident. At the same time the cam 21 is exerting a downward pressure upon the upper part of the plane-iron and its top plate, which pressure is of course communicated to and thrown upon the frame above its uppermost bearings, and simultaneously with this action the lower end of the clamping-lever is thrown downward upon the lower part of the top plate by the cam, thus exerting a counterbalancing downward pressure on this end of the supporting-frame, the head of screw E obviously operating all the while as a fulcrum for the clamping bow or lever to work on. Due to the upward and downward positions to which the ends of the clamping-bow are thrown and held by the cam 21 considerable of an outward strain is placed upon said screw E and which exerts an outward pull upon the frame D, tending to lift the latter from the remotely-situated seats therefor and which is counter to the downward pressure exerted by the screws it and the bow and cam-lever to hold the plane in place. The opposing forces thus set up tend to the establishment of perfect equilibrium between the parts and result in a bench-plane possessing the greatest stability and practicability and one in which chattering of the plane-iron is practically destroyed or overcome, due to the inherent tension at which the frame D is always held.

In some instances the present construction may be modified, to form the bearing-surfaces 31 32 32 on the stock itself and raised or elevated with reference to and parallel with the inclined surface f of the opening a in the said stock, in which case the entire lower or under surface of frame D would be formed, preferably, even or flat. A further modified construction also would be to form the inclined seats s s for the frame integral with the plane-stock rather than with the top iron; but thc construction or embodiment herein shown, however, is the one preferred in practice.

As already explained, the plane mechanism of my present invention is compactly organized and is removable in entirety from the stock and adapted to be sold to the trade separately from the stock, being also adapted to plane-stocks or bodies of different sizes, as is clearly shown in the diagrammatic view, Fig. 8. As is well known, there is but slight variation in the heights of the plane-stocks of different standard sizes per series, even though the length thereof may vary considerably, and thus, as will be clearly seen, one or the other of the stocks may be employed with the same mechanism. As is equally apparent, my improved plane-stock may also be supplied to the trade separately from the plane mechanism, but preferably provided with the top iron.

My invention thus comprises a construction and organization of elements cooperating in the production of a bench-plane supplying in ample measure practically all the present-day requirements of such a structure, both as regards its utility as well as the operational, practical, and commercial advantages thereof.

Having described my invention, I claim —

1. A plane comprising a stock having a bit and an opening for said bit, a bit-seating frame in said opening having projected bearing-supports, means for securing said frame to the stock and engaging the former between said projected supports, thus tending to flex the same, and a bit-clamping means tending to flex said frame in the opposite direction.

2. A plane comprising a stock having therein an opening the surface of the rear wall of which is continuous and of the same alinement throughout, a bit in the opening, a bit-seating frame also in said opening having remotely-situated bearings on such rear wall surface, means for securing said frame to the stock and engaging the former between such bearings, thus tending to flex the same, and a bit-clamping means tending to flex said frame in the opposite direction.

3. A plane comprising a stock having therein an opening the surface of the rear wall of which is continuous and of the same alinement throughout, a bit in the opening, a bit-seating frame also in said opening formed with slots and having remotely-situated projected bearings on such rear wall surface, screws passing through said slots for securing said frame to the stock and engaging the frame between such bearings and thereby tending to flex the same, and a bit-clamping means tending to flex said frame in the opposite direction.

4. A plane comprising a stock having therein an opening the surface of the rear wall of which is continuous and of the same alinement throughout, a bit in the opening, a bit-seating frame also in said opening formed with vertical slots on opposite sides of the median line of the width of the stock and having remotely-situated projected hearings on such rear wall surface above and below the slots, screws passing through said slots for securing said frame to the stock and engaging the frame between such bearings, and thereby tending to flex the same, and a bit-clamping means tending to flex said frame in the opposite direction.

5. A plane comprising a stock having a bit and an opening therefor, a bit-seating frame in said opening having on the under side thereof a lower broad projected surface portion bearing on the lower part of the surface of the rear wall of such opening, and also having on its under side similar projected surface portions situated on opposite sides of the median line of the width of the stock and similarly bearing on the upper part of such rear wall surface, means for securing said frame to the stock and engaging the former between said lower and upper bearings and thus tending to flex the frame, and a bit-clamping means tending to flex said frame in the opposite direction.

6. A plane comprising a stock with an opening having an upward extension of the surface of the rear wall thereof, a detachable bit-seating frame having on the under side thereof remotely-situated projected surface portions bearing on such rear wall surface and its extension, said frame being provided with an upwardly and forwardly projecting screw located intermediate said surface portion, a bit and its top-plate, a clamping-bow having a cam-lever for securing the latter elements in place, said clamping-bow having a slot the edges of which engage beneath the head of said screw, thus tending to flex the frame outwardly, and means engaging said frame between said bearing-surfaces and tending to flex the frame inwardly.

7. A plane comprising a stock with an opening the surface of the rear wall of which is rearwardly and upwardly inclined and provided with duplicate extensions beyond the top of the stock on opposite sides of the median line of the width thereof; a plane mechanism including a member having remote bearings on such inclined surfaces and extensions thereof and provided with a sole formed with a throat for the plane-iron, and adjusting means securing such member in place tending to flex the same between its supports.

8. A seating-frame for a plane-bit having on the under side thereof a lower projected surface portion, and similarly-projected surface portions remotely situated therefrom on opposite sides of the median line of the width of the frame, said frame having slots also on opposite sides of the median line of the width thereof, the median lines of the width of said slots being within the median lines of the width of said remotely-situated projected surface portions.

9. A seating-frame for a plane-bit having on the under side thereof a projected surface portion extending across the frame at the lower end, and similarly-projected surface portions remotely situated therefrom on opposite sides of the median line of the width of the frame, said frame having intermediate slots also on opposite sides of the median line of the width thereof.

10. A seating-frame for a plane~bit having a projected bearing-surface across the rear or under side thereof at the lower end and similar surfaces remotely situated therefrom on opposite sides of the median line of the width of the plane, said frame being also provided with a sole formed with a throat for the bit.

11. A seating-frame for a plane-bit having a projected bearing-surface across the rear or under side thereof at the lower end, and similar surfaces remotely situated therefrom on opposite sides of the median line of the width of the frame, said frame having intermediate slots also on opposite sides of the median line of the frame, and being provided with a plate having a throat for the lower end of the bit.

12. A seating-frame for a plane-bit having a projected bearing-surface across the rear or under side thereof at the lower end, and similar surfaces remotely situated therefrom on opposite sides of the median line of the width of the frame, said frame having intermediate slots also on opposite sides of the median line of the width of the frame, the median lines of which slots are within the corresponding lines of said remote surfaces, and the frame being further provided with a sole having a throat for the lower end of the bit.

13. A plane comprising a stock with an opening the surface of the rear wall of which is upwardly and rearwardly inclined, a bit-seating frame located on said surface having slots on opposite sides of the median line of the width of the plane, and screws entering the stock through said slots, said frame having a projected bearing across said inclined surface below the screws, and similarly-projected bearings above said screws, and also provided with a sole-plate having a throat for the lower end of the bit.

14. A plane comprising a stock having an opening therein, a bit-seating frame, having remotely-situated bearings on the surface of the rear wall of such opening, fastening means for said frame tending to flex the same in one direction between its bearings, and means having a similar tendency in the opposite direction.

15. A plane comprising a stock having an opening therein, a bit-seating frame having remotely-situated bearings on the surface of the rear wall of such opening, fastening means intermediate said bearings tending to flex the frame in one direction, and means having a similar tendency in the opposite direction.

16. A plane comprising a stock having an opening therein, a bit-supporting frame having remotely-situated bearings on the surface of the rear wall of such opening, fastening means intermediate said bearings on opposite sides of the median line of the width of the stock tending to flex the frame in one direction, and means having a similar tendency in the opposite direction.

17. A plane comprising a stock having an opening therein, a bit-supporting frame having remotely-situated bearings on the surface of the rear wall of such opening, fastening means intermediate said bearings on opposite sides of the median line of the width of the stock tending to flex the frame in one direction, and means intermediate and directly above such fastening means having a similar tendency on the frame in the opposite direction.

18. A plane comprising a stock having an opening therein, a bit-supporting frame having remotely-situated bearings on the surface of the rear wall of such opening, and formed with substantially centrally located vertical slots on opposite sides of the median line of the width of the frame, screws entering the stock through such slots and exerting an inward or downward pressure upon the frame, and means on the frame having a similar tendency thereon in the opposite direction.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
H. S. WALTER,
CHAS. B. STANLEY.

No. 707,368 – Plane-Iron Cap (Justus A. Traut And Henry S. Walter) (1902)

[paiddownloads id=”571″]707368

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT AND HENRY S. WALTER, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNORS TO
STANLEY RULE AND LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE-IRON CAP.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 707,368, dated August 19, 1902.
Application filed April 26, 1902. Serial No. 104,811. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JUSTUS A. TRAUT and HENRY S. WALTER, citizens of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Plane-Iron Caps, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

Our invention relates to improvements in planes, and particularly to plane-iron caps.

It consists, mainly, in the improvement of what is termed the “cap-iron” or “cap-piece” in that class of planes in which the plane-iron is clamped to a frog by means of a screw or cam. By this invention we are able to construct a plane-iron cap much cheaper than heretofore and more efficient and durable, as well as more adaptable to the uses to which it may be put.

In the drawings, Figure l is a side elevation of a plane embodying our invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view of that part of the plane to which our invention relates. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section on the center line of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a cross-section on the line X X of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrows.

1 is a plane-stock.

2 is a plane-iron.

3 is a forward handle.

4 is a rear handle.

5 is what is commonly termed a “cap-screw, secured to a frog or support 6 for the plane-iron. The cap-iron 9 is so shaped and constructed as to be engaged at an intermediate point by the head of the screw 5 and at each end to bear upon the plane-iron or a plate, such as commonly associated therewith. In the drawings, Fig. 1, the cap is shown as engaging the forward or lower edge of the plane-iron and engaging the upper portion by means of a cam-pressed spring 7, 8 being the cam employed for clamping the parts. Thus far described the construction and operation of the parts are well known, and hence need not be described in detail.

In practice it is essential that the cap-iron shall be very strong and desirable that it be light in weight, and to that end I construct it, preferably, of wrought or sheet metal. The cap-iron includes a broad blade-like portion 91 and a narrower shank 10. The lower edge of the portion 91 engages with the plane-iron or a part thereof near the cutting edge, while the cam 8 is carried on the shank portion 10. The cap then is subjected to strains in a manner similar to a beam supported at the ends and loaded in the middle. For this reason in order to provide sufficient strength the edges of the shank 10 and a portion of the broader part 9 of the plane-iron are bent down at an angle to provide side bars or flanges 101 integral with the body portion of the plane-iron, and hence contributing to the plane-iron great rigidity and strength. Furthermore, the flanges provide a recess in which to receive the pivot-bearing 81 for the cam 8. In addition to this feature of construction, which contributes substantially to the strength of the cap-iron, we provide a corrugation 11, which preferably commences in the shank portion 10 of the cap-iron and extends downwardly toward the broader portion on opposite lines. In addition to these corrugations shorter corrugations 12 12 may be provided in the broader portion of the cap-iron, contributing vastly to the rigidity and strength of the device, which is preferably curved, as shown best in the side views numbered 1 and 3. The particular construction preserves the curved outline of the cap-iron and permits the employment of comparatively light wrought or sheet metal. The flanges 101 form a pocket in which to receive one end of the spring 7, which is preferably fixedly secured to the cap-iron, as well as a pocket for the bearing end of the cam 8 adjacent to the pivot or pin 81, upon which said cam turns. All of the ribs or corrugations extend generally in a longitudinal direction relatively to the cap-piece, and consequently give greater rigidity to it in a lengthwise direction than transversely.

It is advantageous to have the greater strength extend in longitudinal lines. Should the gage of the metal employed in shaping the cap-piece be so light as to permit any flexibility, it would be in a transverse direction at the lower edge only, and hence advantageous in permitting the lower edge of said cap-piece to yield and bear uniformly against the plane-iron or the plane-iron plate, which is usually employed therewith in planes of the class to which our invention is particularly applicable. In Fig. 4 it will be seen that the ribs are preferably hollowed on the under side, the said view showing the under side of said cap-piece uppermost.

What we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. In a plane, a cap-iron having flanges on opposite sides at its upper end, and ribs extending longitudinally of said iron.

2. A plane-iron cap for a plane having corrugations or ribs extending longitudinally thereof, substantially as described.

3. A plane-iron cap for a plane having corrugations or ribs 12 and 12 in the body and extending longitudinally thereof, as described.

4. A plane-iron cap for a plane having corrugations or ribs 11 extending up the shank and 12, 12 in the body extending longitudinally thereof, substantially as described.

Signed at New Britain, Connecticut, this 24th day of April, 1902.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.
HENRY S. WALTER.

Witnesses:
W. J. WORUM,
EVERETT G. HOFFMAN.

No. 707,281 – Grooving-Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1902)

[paiddownloads id=”568″]707281

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

GROOVING-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 707,281, dated August 19, 1902.
Application filed April 28, 1902. Serial No. 104,972. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing in New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Grooving-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to planes; and it consists substantially in the improvements hereinafter particularly described.

The invention has reference more especially to planes such as are employed for cutting or forming grooves in the surfaces of wood and other materials; and the principal object of the invention is to provide a plane of this character with means for effecting the cutting or formation in the surface of the work operated upon of grooves having sides or walls which are curved from end to end, and also to provide means for insuring the evenness of cut or formation of the angular edges of the grooves, as well as the bases and sides thereof.

A further object is to provide a grooving-plane of this special character with means for maintaining or preserving the true curviinear path of the cutting devices of the plane throughout the full extent of the grooves formed thereby, and also to provide means whereby the plane may be readily adapted to the cutting or formation of grooves having sides or walls of different or varying degrees of curvature.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a plane of this character which is exceedingly simple and easily handled in the performance of the work required of it, and also to provide means for meeting all requirements of use of the plane.

The above and additional objects are attained by means substantially such as are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which —

Figure 1 is a view in perspective of a grooving-plane structure embodying the essential features of my improvements, the said plane being shown as applied for use in the cutting or formation of curved grooves in the surface of a block of wood or other piece of work operated upon; and Fig. 2 is a bottom plan view of the plane structure, showing an element of my improvements which is omitted from Fig. 1 for the purpose of clearness. Fig. 3 is an enlarged bottom plan view in detail of the cutting devices to more clearly indicate the organization thereof for effecting their respective functions. Fig. 4 is a view in perspective of a part of the gage of the plane, showing a modification thereof for enabling the formation in the work operated upon of grooves having sides or walls of less than a predetermined curvature from end to end.

Before proceeding with a more detailed description it may be stated that while I have herein provided an ordinary grooving-plane with special means for the cutting of grooves having sides or walls which are curved from end to end it will be understood that the adaptability or capacity of the plane for cutting grooves having straight sides or walls from end to end is not altered in the slightest respect. Hence the greater advantage of my improvements. With some kinds of planes for cutting or forming straight-sided grooves in the work operated upon it is usual to employ a suitable gage having a straight edge or face for moving upon or against a corresponding straight edge or face formed on the adjacent part of the work, the said gage serving to guide the cutting devices evenly and being adjustable, by which to vary the distance of the grooves from the edges of the work as well as from each other.

In constructing a grooving-plane according to my present improvements I may employ a well-known form of plane having at one side thereof an adjustable gage formed with a straight edge extending substantially parallel with the sides of the plane-stock, and to said straight edge I apply one or more specially-constructed lateral bearings for the plane structure, said bearings being designed to work upon or against one side or edge of the work in the formation of grooves having either straight or curved sides or walls. For the cutting or formation of straight-sided grooves the adjacent side or edge of the work is made straight, while for the cutting or formation of grooves having curved sides the adjacent side or edge of the work operated upon is constructed in correspondence with the desired degree of curvature of the sides of the grooves to be formed, and it may be stated that the plane structure is equally operative whether the lateral bearings referred to are applied to a concave surface or to a convex surface. In either case the plane structure is constantly deflected to one side in a manner to cause the cutting edge of the bit or plane-iron to follow the desired curvilinear path, and it may be stated that such constant deflection causes the effective edge of the said bit or plane-iron to operate upon the work with a glancing or shearing cut, which is much more effective in removing the necessary quantities of material for the production of the grooves. It may also be stated that in order to insure the evenness of cut of the angular edges of the curved grooves I provide suitable scorers or cutting devices in advance of and slightly beyond the ends of the cutting edge of the plane-iron or bit, said devices operating in a manner and for the purpose hereinafter more fully understood.

Specific reference being had to the accompanying drawings, A represents a grooving-plane embodying my improvements, the same comprising a stock a, having a suitable grip or handle b and provided with the usual bit or plane-iron c, the effective or cutting edge of which is indicated at d. Attached or secured to one side of said stock a is a bracket B, which is provided at points in advance and to the rear of the said cutting edge d with bearings e e, which receive the inner end portions of parallel bars or rods f f, on which are slidably fitted the sleeve portions g g of a guide or gage C, said gage being of ordinary form and constructed with a straight edge or surface h adjacent the said plane-stock a, said sleeve portions being each provided with a set-screw i, working in the side thereof, the said screws being forthe purpose of tightening the gage in diiferent positions of adjustment on said bars or rods f f. To the said straight edge or surface of the said gage I detachably secure one or more lateral bearings or blocks D, having curved faces m, which are designed to bear upon a curved side or edge l of the work operated upon in the application of the plane structure to cut or form curved grooves in the surface of such work, substantially as is indicated at Fig. 1. The said bearings or blocks D may be constructed of wood, metal, or othersuitable material, as is apparent, and they may also be attached or secured to the gage in any suitable manner, screws o o being employed for that purpose in the present instance. Preferably I employ one of such bearings or blocks D at a point to one side of and in advance of the cutting edge d of the bit or plane-iron c and another at a point to the rear of such edge, and thus I may effectually operate the plane structure in the cutting or formation of grooves having either straight or curved sides or walls. It may be stated also that by continuing the curved side or edge l of the work in the formation of a complete circle the plane structure may be operated to cut or form circular grooves in the surface of such work, as is apparent, and it will be understood that by reversing the said plane structure and applying the curved bearings or blocks D to the opposite concave side or edge p of the work similar curved grooves may also be formed in the surface of the work in a like manner. In the use of this described embodiment of my invention for forming curved grooves from end to end of a piece of work, however, the foremost one of the said curved blocks or bearings D of the gage leaves the foremost end of the work before the cutting edge of the bit or plane-iron c has been carried forward far enough to complete the groove, and in the absence of the bearing afforded by said block against the work the entire plane structure is apt to twist or turn to one side or the other from the moving force applied thereto, and thus divert the cutting edge of the plane-iron from the true curvilinear path it is intended to follow. To obviate any such tendency, however, I prefer in most instances to employ substantially a similar block or bearing D2 intermediate the other two and at the same side of the plane-stock substantially coincident with the cutting edge d of the plane-iron, or slightly in advance thereof, and thus it will be seen that the true curvilinear path of the said cutting edge of the plane-iron is always maintained throughout the full extent of the grooves formed thereby. The said intermediate hearing or block D2 may not be constructed the same as the bearings or curved blocks D D; but preferably I construct the same in the present instance of a simple screw r, having a curved or rounded head S to bear against the curved side or edge of the work, said screw being adjustably inserted in a threaded opening therefor extending through the connecting member f2 between said blocks D D and the guide or gage C, as shown. On the outer end of said screw is a suitable jam-nut u for securing the same to the positions to which it may be adjusted. It will be understood that in some instances I may employ the said intermediate bearing D2 alone and dispense vrith the outer bearings or blocks D D for certain kinds of work — as, for instance, when cutting or forming curved grooves of exceedingly limited extent or dimensions from end to end. In most cases, however, I prefer the use or employment of said outer bearings or blocks on account of the stability afforded thereby in the operation of the plane structure, including, as the latter does, the gage and its appurtenances. I may also add that while I have herein illustrated my improvements as applied to a certain form of grooving plane and gage I am not limited to the use of these particular embodiments in the practice of my invention, as is apparent.

In virtue of the curved formation of the surfaces of the bearings or blocks D D when the plane structure is applied in a manner to have such blocks cobperate with the concaved side or edge of the work operated upon the whole plane structure is deflected inwardly in such manner as to keep the cutting edge of the plane-iron in the desired curvilinear path, all as hereinbefore mentioned, and it may also be said that substantially the same effect is had when the said bearings or blocks D D are applied to the convex side or edge of the work.

It should be explained at this point that if the cutting edge of the plane-iron should be made as wide as the predetermined width of groove to be formed in the work, then as a result of the deflection of the plane structure already explained the said cutting edge would tend to ride over the edges of the grooves, and thus mutilate said edges or destroy the angular symmetry thereof. To guard against any such destructive tendency, I construct the cutting edge of the plane-iron a little less in width than the intended width of the groove and I locate in advance of said cutting edge what I term “scoring” devices 2 2, which are arranged slightly to one side of or beyond the ends of the cutting edge d or at a distance apart substantially equal to the width of the groove to be formed. In this way the said scoring devices form parallel grooves in the work in advance of the main groove formed by the said cutting edge d, and thus is the latter enabled to properly conform to the predetermined curvilinear path therefor without in any manner injuring the edges of the grooves. As the plane structure is operated over the surface of the work, the bed of material remaining between the narrow parallel grooves formed by said scoring devices is successfully removed in an even manner by the slight shearing effect given to the cutting edge of the said plane-iron, as already mentioned.

I am not limited to the specific construction or organization of elements herein illustrated and described, and it is evident that it is immaterial at which side of the plane-stock the adjustable gage and its appurtenances are supported. It should be added as another reason therefor that the cutting edge d of the bit or plane-iron c is made less in length than the predetermined width of the curved groove to be formed in the work to enable the same to partake of the deflection of the plane structure without upturning or tearing away the edges of the groove, and it is also added that the scoring devices 2 2 in advance of said cutting edge d are each held to one side of the plane-stock by means of a screw 6, so as to enable said devices to be detached at any time for sharpening purposes or to be replaced by others.

In order to enable the cutting or formation of short curved grooves to be edected by the use of my improvements, more especially when the lateral bearing-blocks are made to ride a concaved or inner curved side or surface of the work operated upon, I make said bearing-blocks adjustable to be moved toward each other and secured in position, and while any suitable means may be employed for this purpose I have herein indicated a simple construction therefor at Fig. 4. Thus in said Fig. 4 I construct the straight portion or surface h2 of the gage C with two oblong openings or slots 8 8, passing through which are tightening or fastening screws 9 9, which enter the lateral bearings or blocks D3 D3. It is evident that by loosening said screws they and the said bearings or blocks may be adjusted along said straight portion or surface h2, after which the screws may be again tightened to secure the blocks in place.

Having described my invention, I claim —

1. A grooving-plane structure comprising a stock having a bit, and means supported substantially in line with the cutting edge of said bit for engaging a curved surface of the work operated upon, said means consisting of a screw having a curved head.

2. A grooving-plane structure comprising a stock having a bit, a gage lateral to the stock, and means on the gage substantially in line with the cutting edge of said bit for engaging a curved surface of the work operated upon, said means including a screw working in an opening in the gage and having a curved head.

3. A grooving-plane structure comprising a stock having a bit, means lateral to the stock both in advance of and to the rear of the cutting edge of said bit for engaging a curved surface of the work operated upon, and a screw supported substantially in line with said cutting edge and having a curved head also engaging the curved surface of the work.

4. A grooving-plane structure comprising a stock having a bit, a gage lateral to the stock, means on the gage both in advance of and to the rear of the cutting edge of said bit for engaging a curved surface of the work operated upon, and a screw supported by the gage substantially in line with the said cutting edge and having a curved head also engaging the curved surface of the work.

5. A grooving-plane structure comprising a stock having a bit, means lateral to the stock both in advance of and to the rear of the cutting edge of said bit for engaging a curved surface of the work operated upon, and a screw supported in line with said cutting edge and having a curved head also engaging the curved surface of the work, said means each being adjustable toward the other.

6. A grooving-plane structure comprising a stock having a bit, a gage lateral to the stock, means on the gage both in advance of and to the rear of the cutting edge of said bit for engaging a curved surface of the work operated upon, and a screw supported by the gage substantially in line with the cutting edge and having a curved head also engaging the curved surface of the work, said means each being adjustable toward the other.

7. A grooving-plane structure comprising a stock having a bit, a gage lateral to the stock, means on the gage both in advance of and to the rear of the cutting edge of said bit for engaging a curved surface of the work operated upon, and a screw supported by the gage substantially in line with said cutting edge and having a curved head also engaging the curved surface of the work, said gage being adjustable toward and from the stock.

8. A grooving-plane structure comprising a stock having a bit, a gage lateral to the stock, means on the gage both in advance of and to the rear of the cutting edge of said bit for engaging a curved surface of the work operated upon, and a screw supported by the gage substantially in line with said cutting edge and having a curved head also engaging the curved surface of the work, said gage being adjustable toward and from the stock, and said means each being adjustable toward the other.

9. A grooving-plane structure comprising a stock having a bit, means lateral to the stock both in advance of and to the rear of the cutting edge of said bit for engaging a curved surface of the work operated upon, a screw supported substantially in line with the cutting edge and having a curved head also engaging the curved surface of the work, and scoring devices located beyond the ends and in advance of the said cutting edge.

10. A grooving-plane structure comprising a stock having a bit, a gage lateral to the stock, means on the gage both in advance of and to the rear of the cutting edge of said bit for engaging a curved surface of the work operated upon, a screw supported by the gage substantially in line with the cutting edge and having a curved head also engaging the curved surface of the work, and scoring devices located beyond the ends and in advance of the said cutting edge.

11. A grooving-plane structure comprising a stock having a bit, a gage lateral to the stock, a block on the gage both in advance of and to the rear of the cutting edge of said bit and having acurved surface for engaging a curved surface of the work operated upon, and a screw supported by the gage intermediate of said blocks and having a curved head also engaging the curved surface of the work.

12. A grooving-plane structure comprising a stock having a bit, a gage lateral to the stock, a block on the gage both in advance of and to the rear of the cutting edge of said bit and having a curved surface for engaging a curved surface of the work operated upon, and a screw supported by the gage intermediate of said blocks and having a curved head also engaging the curved surface of the work, said blocks being adjustable toward each other longitudinally of the gage, and said screw being adjustable toward and from the stock.

13. A grooving-plane structure comprising a stock having a bit, a gage parallel with and lateral to the stock, means on the gage both in advance of and to the rear of the cutting edge of said bit for engaging a curved surface of the work operated upon and adapted to deflect the structure laterally in the planing movements thereof to cause said cutting edge to follow a path parallel with such curved surface, and similar means substantially in line with said cutting edge, said gage being adjustable toward and from the stock, and each of the means specified being adjustable on the gage and consisting of a lateral bearing or block having a curved surface.

14. A grooving-plane structure comprising a stock having a bit, a gage parallel with and lateral to the stock, means on the gage both in advance of and to the rear of the cutting edge of said bit for engaging a curved surface of the work operated upon and adapted to deflect the structure laterally in the planing movements thereof to cause said cutting edge to follow a path parallel with such curved surface, and a screw supported by the gage substantially in line with said cutting edge and having a curved head also for engaging the curved surface of the work, said gage being adjustable toward and away from the stock, and said means each being adjustable on the gage and consisting of a lateral bearing or block having a curved surface.

15. A grooving-plane structure comprising a stock having a bit, a gage parallel with and lateral to the stock, means on the gage both in advance of and to the rear of the cutting edge of said bit for engaging a curved surface of the work operated upon and adapted to deflect the structure laterally in the planing movements thereof to cause said cutting edge to follow a path parallel with such curved surface, sirnilar means substantially in line with said cutting edge, and scoring devices located beyond the ends and in advance of the cutting edge, said gage being adjustable toward and from the stock, and each of the means specified being adjustable on the gage and consisting of a lateral bearing having a curved surface.

16. A grooving-plane structure comprising a stock having a bit, a gage parallel with and lateral to the stock, means on the gage both in advance of and to the rear of the cutting edge of said bit for engaging a curved surface of the work operated upon and adapted to deflect the structure laterally in the planing movements thereof to cause said cutting edge to follow a path parallel with such curved surface, a screw supported by the gage substantially in line with said cutting edge and having a curved head also for engaging the curved surface of the work, and scoring devices located beyond the ends and in advance of the cutting edge, said gage being adjustable toward and from the stock, and said means each being adjustable on the gage and consisting of a lateral bearing or block having a curved surface.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
EBEN STRONG,
FRANK S. TRAUT.

No. 706,704 – Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1902)

[paiddownloads id=”566″]706704

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 703,704, dated August 12, 1902.
Application filed May 20, 1901. Serial No. 60,992. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing in New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in planes, and more particularly to that style of plane known as a “dado-plane,” and has for its object to provide adjustable means for limiting the depth to which the cutting of the plane may proceed.

A further object is to provide a plane of this character with a supplemental sole cooperative with the sole and which is easily and quickly adjustable and which can be securely maintained in its adjusted position.

A further object of my invention is to provide adjusting means which will also cooperate with the securing means for the purpose of maintaining the sole in its adjusted position.

In the drawings accompanying and forming part of this specincation is shown my invention applied to a form of dado-plane, which may be the preferred form, if desired.

Figure 1 is an elevation of a plane having my invention applied thereto. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the forward end of the plane, showing the same on a somewhat larger scale. Fig. 3 is a cross-section on the line 3 3, Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a form of adjusting-screw, and Fig. 5 is a form of supplemental sole or guide.

Like characters of reference designate the same parts in the various figures, wherein a plane-stock is represented generally by 6, having a sole 7, through which works a suitable plane-iron 8 and in connection with which are adjustable guide-knives 9 9. To the plane-stock is iitted a supplemental sole 10, having a projecting slotted arm 11, ways or guides 12 and 13, and a tapped boss 14. The supplemental sole is adapted to be secured to the plane-stock, generally at one side of the stock and forward of the mouth, by means of a set-screw 15 traversing the slotted arm and tapped hole in the plane-stock. The way 13 is shown as being of greater projection than the way 12, and it is adapted to enter and slide in a groove or guide 16 in the plane-stock; to prevent lateral movement or oscillation of the supplemental sole, the other way 12 being adapted to slide upon a face provided for it on the side wall of the plane-stock. The way 13 is shown in the drawings as having square corners and a fiat face, although any other or convenient form of way may be employed. The plane-stock is provided with a tapped boss located above the tapped boss in the supplemental sole. These bosses are adapted to be traversed by an adjusting-screw 17, preferably made with right and left threads of differential pitch. This screw is adapted for raising and lowering the supplemental sole, and it cooperates with the set-screw for maintaining the supplemental sole in its adjusted position.

It will be readily seen that by loosening the set-screw the supplemental sole may be raised and lowered at will by means of the screw 17. If the adjusting-screw is made with the portion traversing the boss in the stock of a greater number of threads to the inch than the part of the screw which traverses the boss in the supplemental sole, the head of the adjusting-screw will not have to be raised as great a distance as if both screw-threads were provided with the same number of threads, and hence I preferably employ such an embodiment herein. With such an organization increased range of adjustments of the supplemental sole may be affected by a very slight turn imparted to said screw. It will be observed that the said right and left hand differential adjusting-screw 17 is also of different diameters in its length, the portion thereof having the least number of threads being less in thickness or diameter than the portion having the greatest number of threads thereon, such construction permitting the insertion or passage of the said adjusting-screw through the tapped opening in the boss of the stock, it being evident that if the screw was of the same diameter throughout it could not be passed through such opening on account of its differential character and the right and left hand directions of its threads, the said tapped opening in the boss referred to being only adapted to receive that portion of the screw of the greatest diameter and greatest number of threads per inch ratio.

By the organization of the parts that is contemplated in my invention a screw of the general construction described, after adjustment of the supplemental sole, will not be readily jarred out of place, and it will cooperate with the ways and the set-screws for maintaining the parts in their adjusted position, so that although the supplemental sole has but one adjusting device and but one retaining device per se it has two maintaining devices aside from the ways, rendering all pivotal action impossible, so that the greatest accuracy of adjustment is possible with this plane, which in fine work it is essential should be had. Otherwise the tool would not do neat and accurate work.

It will thus be seen that the differential thumb-screw 17 may be assembled by passing its small-diameter coarsely-threaded tip end through the large hole in the stock and then engaging said tip with the small threaded hole in the lug 14 upon the supplemental sole and also engaging the finely-threaded large-diameter upper end of the screw with the hole in the stock. Then the transverse clamping-screw 15 is inserted through the vertical slot in the supplemental sole, the shank of said clamping-screw thereupon serving to limit the vertical adjustment of the supplemental sole, so that the thumb-screw 17 cannot be withdrawn from the latter, this being a desideratum, since it is required in this class of tools that when once assembled for use no operation such as is necessary for its adjustment shall be capable of taking the tool apart. In practice the upper end of the screw 17 is provided with right-hand thread and the lower end with left-hand thread, as illustrated.

It will be observed that I avoid slotting or forking, and hence weakening the stock, as is usual where adjusting-screws are used having double collars, and I also avoid the expense of applying a collar to a screw after the insertion thereof in the stock, as well as the consequent additional complexity of construction and looseness of parts, such small pieces becoming loosened quickly and seriously impairing the usefulness of the plane, rendering the same of a ramshackle character. By my invention an ease and accuracy of adjustment are secured which are not found in planes having ordinary screws and collars and other loose parts. The integrality of construction of the screw and the absence of small accessories thereto gives firmness of feeling to the action of the slide, so that the workman can tell exactly what he is doing. All this is accomplished without a single piece of any kind being added to the mechanism, thus securing a minimum of both weight and expense. The adjustment is reduced absolutely to the fewest elements. No smaller number of elements can be employed, and, moreover, no greater advantages can be obtained from the use of a greater number of parts. Thus is satisfied the imperative requirements in this art — of lightness, rigidity, simplicity, inexpensiveness, durability, and delicacy of action.

Although I have shown a set-screw and a right and left differential screw, yet any other or convenient mechanical devices which in practice may be found desirable may be employed without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having described my invention, I claim —

1. In a plane, the combination with a stock having a sole, of a supplemental sole, a threaded hole in the stock, a differently-threaded hole of different diameter in the sole, and a single thumb-screw having correspondingly-threaded shanks of large and small diameters working in both of said holes.

2. In a plane, the combination with a stock having a sole, of a supplemental sole, a hole in said stock, a hole in said supplemental sole, one of said holes being of larger diameter than the other and one of said holes having a right-hand thread and the other having a left-hand thread, and a screw having shanks of corresponding sizes and threads and working in both of said holes.

3. In a plane, the combination with a stock having a sole, of a supplemental sole, a hole in said stock having a right-hand thread, a hole of smaller diameter in said supplemental sole, and having a left-hand thread, and a screw having shanks of corresponding sizes and threads and working in said holes.

4. In a plane, the combination with a stock having a sole, of a supplemental sole, a hole in said stock having a right-hand thread, a hole of smaller diameter in said supplemental sole and havinga left-hand thread of coarser pitch, and a screw having portions of corresponding sizes and threads and working in said holes.

5. In a plane, the combination with a stock having a sole, of a supplemental sole; a threaded hole in the stock; a differently-threaded hole of smaller diameter in the sole; a single thumb-screw having differently-threaded shanks of large and small diameters working in said holes; and means for limiting the movement of said supplemental sole so as to prevent the withdrawal of said screw from said sole.

6. In a plane, the combination with a stock having a sole, of a supplemental sole; a hole in said stock; a hole in said supplemental sole; one of said holes being of larger diameter than the other, and one of said holes having a right-hand thread and the other having a left-hand thread; a screw having portions of corresponding sizes and threads and working in both of said holes, and detachable means for clamping said supplemental sole to the stock; said clamping means including a part which limits the movement of said supplemental sole so as to prevent the withdrawal of said screw therefrom.

7. In a plane, the combination with a stock having a sole, of a supplemental sole; a hole in said stock having a right-hand thread 5 a hole of smaller diameter in said supplemental sole having a left-hand thread; a screw having portions of corresponding sizes and threads and working in said holes; a slot in said supplemental sole, and a transverse clamping-screw passing through said slot and engaging said stock; the play of said slotted sole upon the shank of said clamping-screw being insufficient to permit the withdrawal of said adjusting-screw from the supplemental sole.

8. In a plane, the combination of a stock, a supplemental sole, and a screw having near its head a finely-threaded shank portion which is threaded into a hole in said stock, and also having at its tip a coarsely-threaded shank portion of smaller diameter which is threaded into a hole in the supplemental sole.

9. In a plane, the combination with a stock and a supplemental sole adjustable up and down thereon, of an up-and-down thumb-screw having at its upper end a threaded portion of fine pitch which works in a corresponding hole formed in the upper portion of the stock, and also having at its lower end a coarsely-threaded portion of smaller diameter which works in a corresponding hole in the supplemental sole.

10. In a plane, the combination with a stock; and a supplemental sole adjustable up and down thereon, of an up-and-down thumb-screw having at its upper end a right-hand-threaded portion of line pitch which works in a corresponding hole in the stock, and also having at its lower end a left-hand-threaded portion of smaller diameter and of coarse pitch which works in a corresponding hole in the supplemental sole.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
H. C. HINE,
F. L. TRAUT.

No. 678,309 – Fence-Support For Carpenters’ Plows (Justus A. Traut) (1901)

[paiddownloads id=”552″]678309

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO
STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

FENCE-SUPPORT FOR CARPENTERS’ PLOWS, &c.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 678,309, dated July 9, 1901.
Application filed Mar 6, 1901. Serial No. 50,015. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing in New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fence-Supports for Carpenters’ Plows, &c., of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in fence-supports for carpenters’ plows, beading and molding tools, etc.; and the object of my improvement is to furnish a support for the fence to assist the user in holding the tool in proper position relatively to the surface of the work.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of a combination beading and molding tool, plow, &c., with my fence-support applied thereto. Fig. 2 is an end view of the same; and Fig. 3 is a sectional side elevation of a portion of the same, the plane of section being indicated by the line x x, Fig. 1.

A designates the stock or main portion of the tool, having two laterally projecting fence-rods 4 4, upon which the fence 5 is supported and adjustably held in position thereon by means of the set-screws 6. The said stock also has secured therein the beading-tool 7. These parts are all old and well known, and therefore any further description thereof is deemed unnecessary. It is also apparent that the detail construction of the minor parts is immaterial to the present invention, and any other known tool-stock having laterally-extended fence-rods and a fence supported thereon may be substituted as a known equivalent for the said stock and its minor parts.

An expert workman by proper effort can and does keep the tool in such a position when working that the fence-rods will be parallel to the surface of the wood operated upon; but in order to enable him to do so with greater ease than heretofore and also to better enable one of less skill in use of the tool to hold the tool in proper level position I employ the fence-support 8. Although I have in accordance with the usual phrase entitled my invention as an “Improvement in fence-supports for plows, &c.,” I do not thereby wish to imply that a fence-support of any kind for such tools was ever before known or used.

The preferred form of my fence-support is that of a cam or snail-shaped device having a perforated hub or socket 9 of a size to fit one of the fence-rods 4, preferably the forward one, so that it may swing or partially turn thereon to vary the height of its under face relatively to the fence and also that it may slide on the said rod for changing its position laterally whenever the fence is adjusted laterally on the said rod. I provide the said hub or socket 9 with a set-screw 10 for holding the support in the desired adjusted position.

The operator may set the support at first so as to bring its lowest and gaging face as much above the lower end of the beading or cutting tool as the depth of the cut to be made, and thus insure the proper position of the tool at the nnish of the beading or other work, or he may first set the support with its lower edge at about the same height as the end of the tool and then change the support by adjusting its face downwardly as the work progresses. In case the support is not wanted it can readily be wholly removed, leaving the tool in its original position.

While the snail or cam form of support herein shown is the preferred one as the most convenient construction for perfecting the desired adjustments, this particular form is not always necessary, as it is only essential that the device, whatever it may be, shall be capable of lateral adjustment on the fence-rods and also of vertical adjustment of its supporting-face relatively to the said rod.

I claim as my invention —

The herein-described fence-support for carpenters’ tools of the class employing fence-rods and a fence, the said support consisting of a cam-shaped device having a socketed hub fitted to one of the fence-rods, substantially as described.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
H. S. WALTER,
ROBT. N. PECK.

No. 668,299 – Spokeshave (Justus A. Traut) (1901)

[paiddownloads id=”551″]668299

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

SPOKESHAVE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 668,299, dated February 19, 1901.
Application filed October 29, 1900. Serial No. 34,012. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing in New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Spokeshaves, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to spokeshaves, and has for one object the provision of an improved tool which may be employed on various varieties of wood with good results and one in which the knife and the guard or throat-gage are adjustable in planes at right angles to each other; the back of the guard being formed with a plane face constituting a wall of the throat for the reception of the shavings, whereby the straight edge of said guard opposed to the knife may when injured or blunted be readily renewed by simply grinding said face.

A further object of the invention is the provision within the stock of the spokeshave of a chamber for the reception of shavings, the upper wall of said chamber being curved outwardly to facilitate the discharge of said shavings.

A further object of the invention is the provision, in connection with a spokeshave, of a guard or throat-gage, the working surface of which is convex both transversely and longitudinally.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of my improved spokeshave, part of one of the handles being broken away. Fig. 2 is a side elevation, partially in section. Figs. 3 and 3a are transverse sections on line into of Figs. 1 and 2, showing different adjustments of the guard or throat-gage. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the knife or cutter. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the guard, and Fig. 6 is a perspective view of one of the bolts for adjustably securing the knife in position.

Similar characters designate corresponding parts throughout the several views.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral 5 designates the stock of my improved spoke-shave, having the usual handles 5′ 52 and provided with a chamber 6 (the wall 6′ of which is curved outward for a purpose hereinafter described) and with a forward straight portion 62.

Formed in the stock at each end of the chamber 6 are grooves 7, having rabbeted portions 7′, constituting guideways for the reception of flanges 8 on the ends of a knife or cutter 9, which is preferably of the “razor-blade” type and is slightly curved longitudinally, and fitted in said grooves 7 are the flat oblong heads 10′ of bolts 10, the threaded shanks of which pass through perforations in the stock and carry thumb-nuts 12, by turning which the heads 10′ may either be forced tightly against the flanges 8 of the cutter or released therefrom to permit said cutter to be adjusted, as desired. Cooperating with this cutter is a guard or throat-gage 13, slotted at 13′ for the reception of screws 14, which enter the stock, in virtue of which construction the guard may be adjusted transversely of the cutter to vary the dimensions of the throat in which the shavings enter between said parts.
It will be observed by reference to Figs. 3 and 3a that this guard is provided with a plane back 132, which terminates in a straight edge 133, and when this straight edge is blunted or otherwise injured by wear, as frequently happens, it can readily be restored by removing the guard and grinding the flat face 132, after which it can be replaced with said face in engagement with the corresponding flat face 62 of the stock. On its lower or grinding surface the guard is made convex both longitudinally and transversely, as at 15, and can therefore much more readily be applied to rounded surfaces of the work. The face 15, which extends outward from the edge 133, is joined to the back 132 by the curved surface, which at its upper portion becomes nearly or quite parallel to the back, forming a body of convenient thickness in which to locate the slots 13′.

By reference to Figs. 3 and 3a it will be seen that the knife 9 and guard 13 may be so adjusted with relation to each other that the cutting edge of the knife will be brought into line with and almost touch the straight edge of the guard, whereby a very fine shaving may be removed from the work, if desired.
This is especially important when cutting hard wood or across the grain and obviates to a large extent the danger of splitting the wood or of tearing out a splinter therefrom — accidents of frequent occurrence with the old styles of spokeshaves, in which the knife overlaps a beveled edge on the guard.

As is well known, chips or shavings entering the mouth between the guard and knife tend to curl or assume a helical form, and to aid them in this action they are caused to impinge against the curved wall 6’ of the chamber 6 and are by said wall guided and defiected toward the exterior of the stock.

By my improved construction it will be seen that the guard may be so adjusted that the edge of the knife may be brought into line with the straight edge 133 or caused slightly to overlap the same, if desired, thereby enabling the tool to be employed on various kinds of woods, either hard or soft, at pleasure, for, as is obvious, the height of the knife above the guide-surface and also the position of the cutting edge may be regulated with nicety to obtain a throat of the desired width.

As will be observed, the flat oblong heads 10′ of the bolts 10 extend equally on each side of said bolts, and as said heads snugly fill the grooves 7 of the stock the bolts are thus interchangeable and reversible, so that the parts may be disassembled and reassembled regardless of their original positions. Furthermore, the top surfaces of the heads of these bolts and the bearing-surface of the guard or throat-gage are flush with each other, so as to form a smooth working face for the tool.

Preferably the stock and its handles are formed of metal in an integral casting, although the invention is not limited in this respect.

My invention is not limited to the precise details illustrated and described, and modifications may be made in the shape of the parts without departure therefrom.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is —

1. In a spokeshave, the combination with a chambered stock of a cutter secured in said stock; and a guard or throat-gage cooperating with said cutter and having a working face curved in two directions and a plane back adjacent to the curved surface, said guard being adjustable to bring the working surface of said gage substantially to a position in line with the edge of the cutter.

2. In a spokeshave, the combination, with a stock and its handles, said stock having a chamber with an outwardly-curved wall and also having grooves and guideways at the ends of said chamber, of a longitudinally-curved cutter having flanges fitted in the ways of said stock; bolts having heads in engagement with said flanges; a guard or throat-gage having a straight back portion adjustably secured to the forward wall of the stock, the working surface of said guard or throat-gage projecting from said back portion and being curved both longitudinally and transversely, and said gage being adjustable on the stock to bring its working surface substantially into line with the edge of the cutter, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
ROBT. N. PECK,
M. G. PORTER.

No. 645,220 – Bench-Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1900)

[paiddownloads id=”545″]645220

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN , CONNECTICUT.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 645,220, dated March 13, 1900.
Application filed December 10, 1897. Serial No. 661,391. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing in New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to planes, and especially to knife-adjusting means therefor; and it has for its main object the provision of an improved tool of this type in which the knife can be set quickly in an adjusted position and held firmly in place without the use of adjusting-levers, the construction being such that all of the parts can be separated and assembled with great rapidity and precision.

My present improvements are designed more particularly for use in connection with planes of that type in which the knife or plane-bit is disposed at a comparatively-small angle with respect to the sole of the plane, thereby leaving but a small space at the rear end or heel of the plane for the knife adjusting and holding devices, and it is of the utmost importance in tools of this kind to provide holding and adjusting means which may be assembled and disassembled readily and operated a minimum distance for the purpose of effecting the proper adjustment of the plane-knife. It is essential, of course, that all of these parts should be so organized that the knife will be held firmly in place when set in any adjusted position, or else the adjustment of the bit might be changed and the proper operation of the tool prevented.

In the plane illustrated in the drawings of this application I have illustrated devices for obtaining two different adjustments of the plane knife or bit — one a rough adjustment, by means of which the knife may be brought quickly approximately to its proper position, and a fine adjustment, which will be effected, preferably, by means of a suitable adjusting-screw.

The device which I employ for obtaining the fine adjustment of the plane-bit constitutes one of the main features of this invention, and I may employ for this purpose an adjusting-screw having two diderent threads thereon, one of which coacts with a suitable member of the plane-bit and the other with the knife or its carrier. In this instance the knife is supported on a slide which will have a supporting-face oblique to the sole of the plane and will be shifted toward and from such sole by means of an adjusting-screw of the kind just described. Preferably the adjusting-screw will have two similar threads of different pitch, one of which will engage a fixed member of the body of the plane and the other of which will engage the slide, the parts being so organized that when the screw is turned it will move in the same direction through both the slide and the supporting member of the plane-bit and will at the same time cause the slide to be shifted toward and from such supporting member in accordance with the direction of movement of the screw.

The screw which I employ will be of two diameters in order that the smaller diameter thereof, which is at the point, may admit of the insertion of the reduced part through a proper threaded opening or fixed nut in the plane-bit; but the threads of the portion of the screw which is of larger diameter engage the corresponding internal threads of the member or fixed nut on the body of the plane. Hence it will be evident that in assembling the parts the reduced end of the screw may be passed through the threaded member of the plane-body and the point of the screw then inserted in the proper threaded opening or fixed nut of the slide, whereupon the screw may be turned into the two parts simultaneously by the turning of two similar threads of different pitch in the same direction, and thus draw the slide toward the supporting member of the plane-body while the screw is advancing through the threaded member or fixed nut of the latter. It will be noticed that this movement of the slide toward the fixed member on the body is due to the fact that the thread at the forward end of the screw is of quicker pitch than that near the head of the screw.

For the purpose of effecting the coarse adjustment of the plane-knife said knife and its support will have coacting holding members, one of the parts having a single holding member and the other a series, although each of the members of said series is adapted to engage said single holding member, so as to lock the plane-knife roughly in any desired position with respect to the throat of the plane. Usually the knife-support, which in this case will be the slide, will have a stop or rib projecting therefrom and adapted to enter any one of a longitudinal series of recesses in the plane-bit, these recesses being preferably in the form of parallel transverse grooves in the under side of the knife. It will be clear that these coacting holding means will permit a rough adjustment of the knife approximately in the desired position and that the fine adjustment may be effected afterward by means of the screw. Moreover, when the knife has such a row of recesses or grooves therein as that just described it will be apparent that the knife may be used in connection with planes of several different sizes, which is a matter of considerable importance.

In the drawings accompanying and forming part of this specification, Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of a plane constructed in accordance with my present improvements. Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the plane-body and the slide, the section being taken in the line 2 2, Fig. 1, looking toward the heel of the plane. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the knife supporting and adjusting slide, and Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the rear end or heel of the plane-body and illustrates the supporting member or guide on which the knife-adjusting slide is mounted.

Similar characters designate like parts in all the figures of the drawings.

As to many of the features thereof the body of the plane illustrated herein is similar to plane-bodies as ordinarily constructed. In this case the plane-body (designated in a general way by B) embodies as its essential features a flat base or sole s, side walls 2 2, and a support or guide, such as g, on which the slide will be carried. This guide may be of any suitable construction and is substantially U-shaped in this case in horizontal section and has a pair of oblique supporting-faces 3 3, on which the slide may move. At the inner side of the two side walls 4 4 of the guide I have illustrated a pair of channels or grooves 5 5, forming, with the oblique faces 3 3,ways for locating and guiding the slide.

As before stated, the knife or plane bit is intended to be supported on a slide shiftable by means of a feed-screw in order to obtain the fine adjustment of the knife, and this slide is indicated by S. It may be of any suitable construction, but in this case will have a pair of channels or grooves 6 6 in the under side of the main or fiat portion 7 thereof, these grooves being parallel to each other and so disposed as to cooperate with the guide-faces 3 3 and the grooves 5 5, as will be evident by referring to Fig. 2. It will be clear that this slide moves on the ways of the guide g toward and from the sole of the plane in a path oblique to such sole, this method of mounting the slide being well understood.

For the purpose of shifting the slide in the manner described I have illustrated at f 2 feed-screw of the type which has been hereinbefore referred to, the body portion of this screw being of two diameters and one portion having right-hand threads of one pitch and the other having corresponding threads of a different pitch. In this case it will be clear that the threads 10 are of a relatively-slow pitch, while the threads 12 are of somewhat-quicker pitch, and hence will be capable of shifting the slide with which they codperate so as to move said slide toward and from the back wall 13 of the guide g, in which back wall the feed-screw is mounted so as to lie obliquely to the sole s. The wall 13 of the guide is bored and screw-threaded to correspond with the threads 10 and form a fixed nut, in which the larger portion of the screw may work, while the slide S will have in this case a fixed nut in the form of a depending lug 14, internally screw-threaded to cooperate with the threads 12 of the point of the screw f. When the parts are properly fitted, the slide S may be shifted longitudinally of the slide-supporting faces of the guide, but will be held down and will be prevented from rising by reason of its connection with the screw f, which is braced firmly, and will be supported by the guide in such a manner that it will have no movement except in the direction of its length.

In assembling the parts the feed-screw, which will usually have a milled head, such as 15, of relatively-large diameter for the purpose of turning the screw freely, will be inserted through the opening 13′ until the threads 10 come into engagement with the threads of such opening, and the point of the screw will then be inserted into the opening 14′ in the fixed nut of the slide from the rear side thereof when the slide is in its extreme forward position on the ways of the guide. When the screw is turned to the right, the threads 10 will turn forward and the feed-screw will gradually pass through the opening 13’ toward the throat of the plane, and at the same time the threads 12 will turn forward in the fixed lug 14 of the slide and by reason of their quicker pitch will cause the slide to shift toward the wall 13. It will be seen that by employing a feed-screw of this type the assembling of the slide, the feed-screw, and the plane-body will be effected with a minimum movement of the slide on the guide g, since the screw advances into both of the fixed nuts in the same direction and does not, as is the case with a right and left hand screw, have to be inserted into one side of one nut and into the other side of the other nut. Hence the slide can be put in place approximately in its proper position, and its screw then turned into both of the fixed nuts a relatively-slight distance to position properly the knife to be supported and adjusted by the slide. This form of feed-screw and cooperating fixed nuts and the manner of assembling the parts described are of distinct utility, especially in those planes of the type illustrated herein having their knives set at a very slight angle to the sole, leaving but a small amount of available space between the rear end of the knife and the heel of the plane. By employing the devices shown herein this space is utilized to the best advantage, and all of the parts are of ample size and strength to operate properly and hold the bit firmly.

The plane knife or bit is indicated by k and may be of any suitably type. This knife and the slide S are intended to have coacting holding members, such as those hereinbefore described, for effecting the coarse adjustment of the bit. The holding member of the slide is indicated at 16 and is in the form of a stop or rib rising from a central wall or larger rib 17 of the slide S, the face 17′ of this wall or rib constituting the supporting-face on which the upper or rear end of the knife is carried. The other holding members, which cooperate with the stop or rib 16, are carried by the knife k and in the construction shown are in the form of a series of recesses or parallel transverse grooves 18 in the under side of said knife, these grooves forming between them transverse stops or ribs substantially similar to the ribs 16, the groove 18 being just large enough to receive the rib 16 and leave no extra space.

It will be clear that after the slide and its feed-screw are in place on the plane-body a rough adjustment of the knife may be obtained by simply placing the proper groove 18 over the stop 16 and placing the knife down upon the supporting-face 17′ of the guide. After this coarse adjustment is obtained the knife should of course be clamped firmly to the slide S, after which the adjusting-screw f may be turned to effect the fine adjustment of the knife.

Any suitable clamping means may be employed for holding the knife in place. That shown herein is indicated in a general way only and will preferably be of the type fully shown and described in Letters Patent No. 591,663, dated October 12, 1897. This main clamping device is in the form of a cam-lever (indicated by 20) carried by a knife clamp or plate c of ordinary construction, this latter being mounted at its forward end on a fixed part, such as 22, of the plane-body by means of a screw-and-slot connection, such as 23, of the usual type. This screw 23 serves to prevent sidewise movement of the forward end of the knife, while the cam-lever by raising the rear end of the knife-clamp c wedges the rear end of the clamp and the knife together and also forces the forward end of the clamp against the knife near the throat of the plane to hold the parts firmly in place.

After the rough adjustment of the bit has been obtained and the latter has been clamped in place by the means just described the screw f will be turned to obtain the iine adjustment of the knife, and it will be noticed that during this last-mentioned adjustment the part which operates directly to effect such adjustment of the bit is not only movable, but supports the knife directly and guides it, thus rendering unnecessary the employment of other or separate means for such purpose.

Having described my invention, I claim —

1. In a plane, the combination, with a plane-body comprising a sole and a pair of side walls, said sole having rigid with the inner face thereof a U -shaped slide-supporting guide the side walls of which extend in parallelism with the body side walls and have their upper edges inclined and recessed to form ways, and connected at their outer ends by an end wall having an internally-threaded opening; a slide mounted on said guide and recessed at its edges to cooperate with said ways, and provided at its under side with an internally-threaded depending lug working intermediate said side walls and on its upper side with a longitudinally-extending centrally-located rib having a transversely-extending rib or projection; a knife adapted to be clamped on said rib and provided with a plurality of transversely-extending recesses for the reception of said transverse rib to locate the knife in position; an adjusting-screw of different diameters working in said guide and slide and having two sets of similar threads of different pitch; and means for clamping the knife in position on said slide.

2. In a plane, the combination, with a plane-body comprising a sole and a pair of side walls, said sole having rigid with the inner face thereof a slide-supporting guide the side walls of which extend in parallelism with the body side walls and have their upper edges inclined, and which walls support at their outer ends a member having an internally-threaded opening; a slide mounted on said guide and provided at its under side with an internally-threaded depending lug working intermediate said side walls and on its upper side with a longitudinally-extending centrally-located rib; a knife adapted to be clamped on said rib, said knife and rib having, one a projection, and the other recesses cooperating with said projection to locate said knife in position; an adjusting-screw of different diameters working in said guide and slide and having two sets of similar threads of diderent pitch; and means for clamping the knife in position on said slide.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
H. S. WALTER,
W. J. WORAM.

No. 591,662 – Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1897)

[paiddownloads id=”532″]591662

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 591,662, dated October 12, 1897.
Application filed July 6, 1897. Serial No. 643,617. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing in New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to planes, and it comprehends, essentially, a stock or body portion and a mouthpiece bodily adjustable on the stock.

In the form of the invention herein described the stock or body portion of the plane is constructed of wood, and the mouthpiece or plate is made of metal and is bodily adjustable on the stock or body portion in a direction transverse to the line of working movement of the plane, so that the sole of the latter can be dressed down to remove any unevenness in its surface from constant use and so that the mouthpiece or plate can be adjusted to compensate for the variation until its working face is flush with the sole or under surface of the plane-body.

In the drawings accompanying and forming part of this specification, Figure 1 is a plan view of a smooth plane embodying my present improvements. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the plane with the cutter and its holding and operating parts removed. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the adjustable mouthpiece. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the same. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal central section of a fragment of the plane, showing the adjustable mouthpiece therein. Fig. 7 is a longitudinal central section of a plane, representing a modification of the mouthpiece; and Fig. 8 is a longitudinal central section of a fragment of the plane-body illustrated in Fig. 7.

Similar characters designate like parts in all the figures of the drawings.

The stock or body of the plane represented in the fhawings is designated by B, and it is constructed, preferably, of wood. A metallic frame for carrying the usual cutter or plane-iron is designated by F, and is fastened near its opposite ends to the upper face of the stock B. The cutter or plane-iron is designated by C, and its clamping-lever by C’, and the operating mechanism for the cutter is designated by M, and as these parts are mounted in the usual manner in the loop or open portion 2 of the frame and are of common construction a detailed description thereof is deemed unnecessary.

My improved plane comprehends a stock or body portion and a mouthpiece bodily adjustable thereon, said mouthpiece consisting in the present instance of a plate adjustable in a direction transverse to the line of working movement of the plane.

The mouthpiece of the plane is designated by P, and it is represented consisting of a rectangular metallic plate set within a mortise or cavity 3, formed in the bottom or sole of the stock or body portion B. The mouthpiece or plate P has near its rear end the elongated mouth or slot 4, through which the cutter or plane-iron C may extend. The front and rear ends of the mouthpiece are beveled or inclined and fit against the similarly beveled or inclined walls 7 and 8 of the mortise, the latter being of a depth exceeding that of the mouthpiece P, as represented, respectively, in Figs. 2 and 6.

By reason of the construction just described the mouthpiece P can be set farther into the mortise 3 and its under face maintained flush with the sole or bottom surface 9 of the plane-body.

On an inspection of Fig. 6 it will be observed that the bevels or inclinations 5 and 6 on the front and rear ends, respectively, of the mouthpiece P correspond substantially with the inclination of the cutter or plane-iron C, so that if said mouthpiece be set in to a greater or less depth in the plane body or stock it will be adjusted in the direction of the length of the plane-iron and also of the stock or body portion, so as to maintain the proper working relation between the lower or cutting end of the said plane-iron and the mouth-piece.

The mouthpiece P is preferably held to the body portion by a screw passing through the body or stock B, the lower threaded end of which engages the internal threads 13 on the boss or hub 14, near the forward end of the mouthpiece. The screw extends through the slot or hole 15 in the frame F and the opening or aperture 16 in the body or stock B, a washer 17, serving its usual purpose, being placed between the screw-head 18 and the frame F. The opening 16 in the body portion B, which communicates with the mortise 3, is of different sizes or diameters, the wider or larger portion 19 being adapted to receive the internally-threaded boss 14 of the mouthpiece and its diameter exceeding that of the boss, so that as the mouthpiece is moved up or down in its mortise or recess in the body portion the holding-screw 10 can be properly seated in the boss without affecting the proper relation of the several parts, as will be apparent. For this purpose also the diameters of the reduced or narrower portion 20 of the aperature 16 and of the slot 15 in the cutter-carrying frame exceed that of the screw, so that the latter can be moved forward or backward in accordance with the adjustment of the mouthpiece.

It will be remembered that the mortise or recess 3 is preferably made deeper than the mouthpiece or plate P, and the mouthpiece or plate is provided with adjusting means adapted to bear against the roof of the mortise, said adjusting means consisting of a plurality of screws, as 21, disposed on the upper face of the mouthpiece, as shown in Fig. 4. The upper or slotted ends of the screws are adapted to bear against the roof of the mortise 3, so that the mouthpiece can be nicely fitted in its seat with its lower face true or flush with the sole of the plane.

In Fig. 2 the mouthpiece and the several cooperating parts are shown assembled in the plane-body. Let it be assumed that it is necessary to dress off the sole of the plane-body. In this event the plate-holding screw 10 is removed, so that the mouthpiece or plate P can be taken from its mortise or recess 3. The sole of the plane is then resurfaced. The several adjusting-screws are then driven slightly farther in their seats in the mouthpiece and the latter inserted in the mortise. If the lower face of the mouthpiece is flush with the sole, the holding-screw 10 will be inserted in place; if not, said mouthpice will be removed and the adjusting-screws will be driven farther into their seats, and this manipulation of the adjusting-screws will continue until the under face of the mouthpiece is alined with the sole; but it will be evident that it is but the work of a moment to properly adjust the mouthpiece. When the same is adjusted, the holding-screw 10 is placed in position.

In Figs. 7 and 8 I have illustrated a modified form of the invention wherein the adjusting-screws are dispensed with, the construction otherwise being similar to the preferred form. When it is desired to adjust the mouthpiece shown in Figs. 7 and 8, it is simply necessary to cut away the upper surface or roof of the mortise to correspond with the dressing off of the sole.

It will be observed on an inspection of Figs. 2 and 7 that the mouthpiece P constitutes also a clamping or resistance plate for assisting in holding the cutter-carrying frame in place on the stock, and the holding-screw 10, which is seated in said mouthpiece, also constitutes a part of the frame-securing means, as has been described.

By means of my present improvements the plane or under surface thereof may be readily repaired from time to time by the user, so as to maintain the implement in perfect working order for a long period of time, hence materially prolonging its life and reducing the cost of the tool proportionately to the amount of work done. At the same time the mouthpiece of the wood body being adjustable, as hereinbefore set forth, said mouthpiece is maintained in proper form relatively to the stock and to the cutter regardless of the extent to which the bottom or the sole of the plane may be cut away in resurfacing.

Having described my invention, I claim —

1. A plane comprising a stock having a mortise in its under side, the front and rear walls of which are beveled, said stock also having an aperture extending therefrom and communicating with the mortise; a mouthpiece having its ends beveled to conform to the walls of the mortise; screws carried by the mouthpiece and bearing against the roof of the mortise; and a holding-screw pressing through and of less diameter than the aperture in the stock and having its lower end in threaded engagement with the mouthpiece.

2. A plane comprising a stock having a mortise the front and rear walls of which are beveled, and also having an aperture extending entirely through the stock and communicating with the mortise, said aperture being of different sizes; a mouthpiece bodily adjustable in, and of less depth than, the mortise and furnished with a threaded boss or stud of a less diameter than the wider portion of said aperture, said mouthpiece having its opposite ends beveled to correspond with the beveled surface of the front and rear walls of the mortise; a series of screws threaded in the mouthpiece, the heads of the screws bearing against the roof of the mortise; and a holding-screw passing through the aperture in the stock from the upper side, and having its lower threaded end in engagement with said boss, the screw being of a less diameter than the narrower portion of the aperture through which it passes.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
H. S. WALTER,
W. J. WORAM.

No. 556,114 – Core-Box Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1896)

[paiddownloads id=”525″]556114

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

CORE-BOX PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 556,114, dated March 10, 1896.
Application filed September 18, 1895. Serial No. 562,829. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Core-Box Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to planes adapted for planing concaved surfaces of different areas, and more particularly designated as a “core-box” plane; and the object of the invention is to provide a plane having supplemental side extension-plates, whereby each or both sides of the stock can be extended to different widths and whereby the plane is rendered serviceable for finishing and planing core-boxes of a wide range of sizes, and also for use in connection with other concaved surfaces.

A further object of the invention is to provide a fastening means whereby the supplemental side extension-plates can be reversed and interchanged, or whereby they can all be secured to one side of the stock, and which fastening means is simple and easily and quickly manipulated.

In the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, Figure 1 is a top view of a core-box plane constructed in accordance with this invention. Fig. 2 is an interior side view of one side of the plane, the other side thereof being removed and showing the juncture of the stock in section. Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view in line a a, Fig. 1, looking toward the right hand thereof. Fig. 4 is an end view of the plane and shows same in position for planing one-half of a the core-box of comparatively-small size, and also shows the supplemental plates removed. Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 4, illustrating the plane in use upon one-half of a core-box of larger size and having a supplemental side plate in position on each side of the stock; and Fig. 6 shows the plane in use on one-half of a core-box of comparatively-large size with the supplemental side plates in position on one side of the stock.

Similar characters of reference designate like parts in all the figures of the drawings.

The plane consists, in the preferred form thereof herein shown and described, of a suitable stock or relatively-thin plate 10, preferably constructed to form two diverging side plates 11 and 12, preferably extending at right angles to each other and joined at their inner edges. Adjacent to the juncture of the side plates, and preferably substantially midway of the length thereof, the stock is provided with a mouth or mortise 13, which is preferably shown forming an acute angle, and likewise preferably has its vertex at the point of juncture of the side plates. Adjacent to the mouth 13 on the interior of the side plates and adjacent to the juncture thereof the stock has the usual inclined bed 14 for the plane-iron, formed either integrally therewith or removably secured thereon in any suitable way as desired.

The plane-iron 15, which is shown herein having an acute-angled cutting-edge, is removably and adjustably seated on the bed 14; and secured thereto by the usual fastening and clamping means, which is shown consisting of the clamping plate or wedge 16 and the thumb-screw 17. The plane-iron 15, when in its normal operative position, has its cutting-edge projecting at the desired angle below the mouth of the stock, whereby each side plate of the stock will have one-half of the cutting-edge of the plane-iron extending therein.

Adjacent to the juncture of the diverging side plates 11 and 12 on the interior of the stock a suitable toat or handle 13 is secured in any suitable way and is shown herein clamped by means of a screw 20 to a bed 19, preferably formed integral with the side plates. Adjacent to the forward end of the stock, and likewise on the interior thereof and adjacent to the juncture of the side plates, a suitable knob or hand-rest 21 is likewise secured by means of a screw 22 and bed 23 in substantially a similar way to that of securing the toat 18.

The above-described plane is commonly known as the “core-box” plane and forms no part of my present invention, except in so far as the plane constitutes a basis for the same.

Heretofore in practice when necessary to plane or finish core-boxes of different sizes it has been the usual case to provide a plane sufficiently large to plane the largest size of core-box desired to be constructed, which plane, when used in connection with core-boxes having comparatively-small diameters, is extremely clumsy to use, and when desirable to obviate this disadvantage it has been the usual practice to construct core-box planes of different sizes for work on different sizes of core-boxes, which is not only expensive but a great disadvantage when it is desired to make a number of different sizes of such boxes. In order, therefore, to obviate these disadvantages I have provided, in connection with a core-box plane of any suitable and desired construction, a suitable attachment in the nature of a guide or rest and which guide or rest is adjustable and attachable to either or both sides of the stock, as desired, and in the preferred form thereof herein shown and described preferably consists of a supplemental extension plate or plates adapted to be secured to the stock with one of its edges in parallelism with the free edge of one of the side plates forming the stock by means of a suitable fastening device. In the construction shown two of these supplemental extension-plates are provided and designated in a general way by 25 and 35. These plates may be constructed of any desired thickness and width, but are preferably constructed of about the same width as the side plates forming the stock and of sufficient thickness to permit the outer side face thereof to be in alignment with the outer side face of the adjoining side plate of the stock when the supplemental plates are in position on the stock. These plates are likewise constructed of any suitable material, but preferably of the same material as the stock, which is usually of metal, and each plate is adapted to rest on the free edge of one of the respective stock-plates 11 and 12, with one of its edges in parallelism therewith, or on the free edge of a supplemental side plate 25 or 35. As a means for securing these supplemental extension side plates in position, the side plates 11 and 12 of the stock on the interior thereof are provided with any desired number of socketed brackets 26, preferably formed integral with such side plates, and in the construction shown each side plate of the stock is provided with two of these brackets 26, one near each end thereof. These brackets are provided with clamping devices projecting through the walls and intersecting the sockets thereof at right angles thereto, and in the form shown these clamping devices are in the nature of set-screws 27, working in threaded apertures in the walls of the brackets. Removably secured in each of these socketed brackets is a bolt or bar 23, having a part thereof projecting therefrom in a plane parallel with the plane of inclination of its adjacent stock side plate.

Each supplemental extension side plate has secured thereto by any suitable means, such as by rivets, or integrally formed therewith, if desired, suitable fastening means for the bolts 28, which fastening means is preferably shown herein consisting of brackets 36. These brackets 36 are in the nature of double-socketed brackets, and are provided with bolt openings or sockets 37 adapted to receive the bolts 28, and each extension-plate preferably has the same number of brackets 36 as each stock side plate. The brackets are so disposed, relatively to each supplemental side plate, that the two sockets 37 of each bracket are in alignment with each other and with the socket of the companion bracket 26 on the stock side plates when said supplemental extension-plates are in position relatively to the side plates of the stock, and each bracket has a socket 37 adjacent to each longitudinal edge of the plate and in parallelism with the side face thereof, whereby the plates are interchangeable and reversible. These brackets are provided with clamping devices 33, one adjacent to each socket thereof, substantially similar to the clamping devices of the stock side plates and secured therein in substantially the same way, whereby either edge of a supplemental plate can rest on the free edge of the stock side plate and be secured in such position by the clamping device 38 and bolt or stud 28.

In the use of this improved core-box plane when it is desired to plane or finish a core-box of comparatively-small size the supplemental side extension-plates 25 and 35 are removed and the plane used in the ordinary way. (See Fig. 4.) When, however, a core-box of larger size is to be planed, the supplemental side plates are secured in position, one to each side of the stock, by means of the bolts 28 and clamping devices 27 and adjacent clamping devices 38, (see Fig. 5, for instance,) whereby a concaved surface of comparatively-large area can be planed, the supplemental side entension-plates 25 and 35 forming a rest or guiding means for each side of the plane. When, however, a core-box of very large size is to be planed, one of the supplemental plates, as 25, together with its bolts 28, is removed from one side of the stock and the bolts slipped into the upper sockets 37 of the brackets 36 adjacent to the upper edge of the other side-plate 35, and the side plate 25 then secured in position by means of the clamping devices 38 adjacent to such upper sockets of the plate 35, whereby the supplemental side extension-plates of the plane form a rest or guiding means when the same is used to plane or finish the core-box concavity in a manner similar to that shown. in Fig. 6. Any number of these supplemental plates may be provided with each stock, whereby many different sizes of core-boxes can be finished or planed with one plane. By means of this improved construction of supplemental extension-plates the same are interchangeable with each other, whereby they can be used on either side of the stock and also reversible relatively to the stock-plates — that is to say, either longitudinal edge of each extension-plate can be secured in position contiguous to the longitudinal edges of the stock-plates — whereby one or both sides of the stock can be built up of any desired width in accordance with the number of plates used and the requirements of the plane. Moreover, if it is desired to increase the width of the sides of the plane, when one or more extension-plates are secured on the stock, without attaching an extra plate, the bolts can be made of such length that the supplemental plates can be adjusted relatively to the side plates of the stock or to their adjoining supplemental plates to leave a space between their adjoining edges, whereby the necessity of attaching an extra plate for a slight increase of width is obviated.

By means of my improved plane it will be obvious that when a small core-box is to be finished the plane can be used with the stock simply formed by the two side plates, which side plates, in the construction shown are comparatively light and of very much less width than in the ordinary construction of stock side plates, whereby in the use of the same upon comparatively-small core-boxes the plane is light and easy to handle.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is —

l. In a plane of the class specified, the combination of a stock constructed of two diverging plates; each of said plates having a pair of socketed brackets; a plurality of removable, interchangeable, and reversible extension-plates, each of said extension-plates having a pair of double-socketed brackets fixed thereto, the two sockets of each bracket being in alignment with each other and with a socketed bracket of one of the stock-plates, and each bracket of an extension-plate having a socket adjacent to each of its edges, whereby the extension-plates are interchangeable with each other and reversible relatively to the stock-plates, and whereby either longitudinal edge of an extension-plate can be secured in position contiguous to a stock-plate; bars or bolts removable with and independently of said extension-plates for securing said plates in position relatively to each other and to one side of the stock, to thereby increase the width of that side of said stock independently of the other side thereof, or to secure one or more of said plates to, and thereby increase the width of, each side of said stock; and fastening devices for securing said bars or bolts in position.

2. In a plane of the class specified, the combination of a stock constructed of two diverging side plates disposed at right angles to each other, and having a mouth at the juncture of said plates; a plane-iron in position adjacent to said mouth, and having its cutting-edge adapted to extend therethrough; each of said stock-plates having a pair of single-socketed brackets; a pair of removable, interchangeable, and reversible extension-plates, each of said extension-plates having a pair of double-socketed brackets fixed thereto, the two sockets of each bracket being in alignment with each other and with a socketed bracket of one of the stock-plates, and each bracket of an extension-plate having a socket adjacent to each of its edges, whereby the plates are interchangeable with each other and reversible relatively to the stock-plates, and whereby either longitudinal edge of an extension-plate can be secured in position contiguous to a stock-plate; bars or bolts removable with and independently of said extension-plates for securing said plates in position relatively to each other and to one side of the stock, to thereby increase the width of that side of said stock independently of the other side thereof, or to secure one or more of said plates to, and thereby increase the width of, each side of said stock; and fastening devices for securing said bars or bolts in position.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
F. N. STANLEY,
H. S. WALTER.

No. 555,228 – Spokeshave And Rabbet-Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1896)

[paiddownloads id=”524″]555228

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

SPOKESHAVE AND RABBET-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 555,228, dated February 25, 1896.
Application filed May 31, 1895. Serial No. 551,085. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Spokeshaves and Rabbet-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to planes, but more particularly to interchangeable spokeshaves and rabbet-planes, and the object of the invention is to provide in one device a tool commonly known as a “spokeshave” adapted to work upon forms of curved or irregular shape, and a plane commonly known as a “rabbet-plane” adapted to shave or plane rabbets in work of irregular or curved shape, and especially for working within a curved rim upon the side of a disk or plate.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved device in connection with the interchangeable spokeshave and rabbet-plane for regulating or gaging the depth of the cut or shave to be made when the device is used as a rabbet-plane.

A further object of the invention is to also provide an implement or tool, simple and durable in construction, and which will not get out of order in the use thereof, and which is adapted, by means of its particular construction, to work with great accuracy upon many classes of material other than spokes, although the tool is ordinarily termed a “spokeshave.”

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a view of the interchangeable tool when used as a spokeshave, showing the open side or chamber of the stock and also showing a part thereof in section. Fig. 2 is a view of the device at right angles to the view shown in Fig. 1 and having one of the handles thereof removed. Fig. 3 is a transverse section of the stock in line a a, Fig. 1, looking toward the left-hand end thereof. Fig. 4 is a view of the interchangeable tool when used as a rabbet-plane and showing it in working position on the rim of a piece of work and also showing the gage in adjusted position to regulate the depth of the shave or cut. Fig. 5 is a detached view of the cutting-knife or bit. Fig. 6 is an end view thereof. Fig, 7 is a view of the gaging device detached from the tool. Fig. 8 is an end view thereof; and Fig. 9 is a partly-sectional view taken in line b b, Fig. 3, for more clearly illustrating the recess 13.

Similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the different figures.

In the preferred form thereof herein shown and described the tool or implement consists of a stock, (designated in a general way by 50,) and is preferably made of metal and of approximately cylindrical shape, whereby it is more especially adapted for work on curved or irregular surfaces.

The stock 50 is cut out or recessed to form a suitable chamber 10 and a concaved seat 11, adapted to contain and support the bit hereinafter described. Extending from end to end of the stock is a suitable slot 12, forming the mouth thereof, and which slot communicates with the interior chambered part of the stock, the lower wall of said slot forming an extension of the concaved seat 11. The interior end walls a and b of the stock are likewise recessed or cut out, as at 13, adjacent to the lower portion of the concaved seat and the mouth of the stock (see Fig. 3) to prevent the clogging of the chips between the knife and the stock.

Seated within the chamber of the stock is a bit (designated generally as 15) of any desired shape and construction suitable for the purpose for which it is to be used, and, as shown in the preferred form thereof, the bit consists of a concave-convex plate, having a shank 16 adapted to fit between the interior end walls a and b of the stock, and a blade 17 projecting beyond the sides of said shank (see Fig. 5) and adapted to work in the slotted ends of the walls and in the mouth of the stock, and extends from end to end or slightly beyond the outer end walls of the stock. (See Fig. 2.)

The convex portion 18 of the shank of the bit is seated in the concaved seat of the chamber, and is adjustably clamped therein by means of a suitable clamping or holding concavo-convex plate 19 and locking devices, preferably binding-screws 20, which project through the elongated slots 21 in the bit and extend into the screw-threaded recesses in the concaved wall of the stock. (See Fig. 1.) By tightening or loosening the binding-screws 20, extending through the elongated slots of the bit, the cutting-edge of the bit can be adjusted in the mouth of the stock to any desired position to adapt it for the work to be done. The outer wall of the approximately cylindrical stock adjacent to the mouth thereof is beveled or flattened to form the sole 22 of the stock.

The stock is provided with suitable handles 30 and 31, removably secured to the stock in any suitable way, and, as shown, the end walls of the stock are provided with suitable screw-threaded apertures into which threaded studs 23, attached to the ends of the handles, are adapted to be screwed, so that when it is desired to use the tool as a rabbet-plane or on work that requires only the use of one of the handles the opposite handle to the one to be used can be quickly and easily removed and the device used either as a spoheshave with one handle or as a rabbet-plane. (See Figs. 2 and 4.)

The particular construction of the stock and the bit, as hereinbefore set forth, in which the ends of the bit project to or slightly beyond the outer end walls of the stock, which end walls form plane bearing-faces, adapts the tool to be used as a rabbet-plane on the removal of one of the handles.

In order to regulate the depth of shave or cut of the bit when the tool is used as a rabbet-plane, a suitable gage or gaging device (designated generally as 35) of a construction adapted for the purpose to which it is to be used is provided and adjustably secured to the stock of the plane.

The gaging device, in the preferred form thereof herein shown, comprises two segmental arms 38, adapted to partially encircle the cylindrical stock and the cutting-edge of the bit, and preferably extends beyond the sole of the stock, (see Fig. 2,) each segmental arm 36, together with suitable means for adjustably securing the same to the stock — such, for instance, substantially as hereinafter set forth-constituting an independent gage for use adjacent to each end of the stock. These segmental arms 36 are preferably integrally united at their inner ends to a sliding bar or member 37, adapted to work in a groove or recess 38 in the outer wall of the cylindrical stock, by means of an elongated slot 39, through which a binding-screw 40 projects into a screw-threaded aperture in the stock. This elongated slot 39 may be of any desired length to permit the gage to be adjusted to any desired position on the stock. For instance, the slot may be extended the entire length of the sliding bar 37, if desired, to permit the tool to shave a recess in a piece of work. of a depth practically the length of the stock.

This improved device for regulating the depth of cut or shave, when the tool is used as a rabbet-plane, not only constitutes a gage but also constitutes a means for protecting the corners of the cutter when the device is used as a spokeshave; but it is obvious that, although the tool is ordinarily designated in the art as a “spokeshave,” the spoke class of work forms but a small percentage of the work upon which the tool may be used. Hence, While the gage acts to regulate the depth of cut, as above stated, when the tool, with one of its handles removed, is used as a rabbet-plane, it is also useful and necessary in connection with the device when used for other purposes than as a rabbet-plane. For instance, if desired to use both handles with the tool, and a groove or recess is to be formed in the straight edge of a board or other material, the gage might be set, as indicated at Fig. 4; or when a certain width of shave is necessary the gage can be adjusted to regulate that width, while at the same time using both handles; or when that portion of the cutter between the ends thereof is used on fine work the gaging device can be adjusted to permit one of its arms to run along the side of the board or other material and thereby act as a guide to prevent the slipping off of the tool.

From the above it will be obvious that the tool can be used as a spokeshave, as a rabbet-plane, or as a tool for many other classes of work, and when the tool is used as an ordinary spokeshave for use on spokes the gage is usually set by means of its elongated slot 39 and binding-screw 40 into the position shown in Fig. 2, and, if desired, both handles attached to the stock. When the tool is to be used for other classes of work, where it is preferably desired to use both handles, the gage is adjusted to the desired position to act as a gage or guide in accordance with the work to be done, whether that portion of the cutter adjacent to one of the outer ends or that portion of the cutter intermediate of its ends is to be used. When, however, the tool is to be used as a rabbet-plane to shave or cut a rabbet of a depth — as, for instance, shown in the work in Fig.4 — one or the other of the handles, 30 or 31, of the tool is removed according to the position of the work to be operated upon, the gage set to the position desired, and the tool is then ready for use.

By having the bit seated in the interior of the stock not only a better appearance is presented but a more rigid and firm seat is formed for the bit, and the same can be more evenly adjusted with relation to the work to be operated upon, while the chamber also forms a means for conducting the chips or shavings of the work that get between the knife edge and the mouth of the stock away from the knife edge and thereby prevents clogging thereof.

Having thus described my invention, I claim —

1. A tool of the class specified, consisting of an appronimately-cylindrical stock, whereby it is adapted to work on curved or irregular surfaces, having its end wall forming a plane bearing-face; a bit joined thereto, and having part of its cutting-blade extending to the plane of such face, whereby it is adapted to cut at the end of said stock.

2. A tool of the class specified, consisting of a chambered stock having its end wall forming a plane bearing-face, and having a mouth; a bit secured in said chamber, and having a part of its cutting-blade extending to the plane of such face, whereby it is adapted to out at the end of said stock.

3. A tool of the class specified, consisting of a chambered, approximately-cylindrical stock having its end walls forming plane bearing-faces, and having a mouth; a bit clamped in the chamber of said stock, and having its cutting-edge adjacent to said month, and having a part of its cutting-blade extending to the planes of such faces, whereby it is adapted to cut at the ends of said stock.

4. ln a tool of the class described, the combination with a chambered, approximately-cylindrical stock, the end walls thereof forming plane bearing-faces, and having a mouth extending from end to end of said stock and substantially adjacent to the plane bearing-faces thereof; of a bit adjustably clamped in the chamber of said stock, and having its cutting-blade of substantially the same length as the mouth of said stock.

5. In a tool of the class described, the combination with a chambered, approximately-cylindrical stock, the end walls thereof forming plane bearing-faces, and having a mouth extending from end to end thereof and substantially adjacent to such plane faces; of a bit adjustably clamped in the chamber of said stock, and having its cutting-blade of substantially the same length as the mouth of said stock; and a gage adjustably secured to said stock.

6. A tool of the class specified, consisting of an approximately-cylindrical stock, whereby it is adapted to work on curved or irregular surfaces, and having its end wall forming a plane bearing-face; a bit joined to the stock, and having a part of its cutting-blade extending to the plane of such face, whereby it is adapted to cut at the end of said stock; and a gage joined to said stock.

7. A tool of the class specified, consisting of a stock having both of its end walls forming plane bearing-faces; a bit joined to the stock, and having a part of its cutting-blade adjacent to each end thereof extending to the planes of such faces, whereby it is adapted to cut at either end of said stock.

8. In a tool of the class specified, the combination of an approximately-cylindrical stock, whereby it is adapted for work on curved or irregular surfaces, the end walls thereof forming plane bearing-faces; a bit adjustably clamped to the stock, and having its cutting-blade extending to the planes of such faces, whereby it is adapted to cut the ends of said stock; and handles removably secured to the ends of said stock, whereby the tool can be used as a spokeshave or as a rabbet-plane.

9. In a tool of the class specified, the combination of an approximately-cylindrical stock, whereby it is adapted for work on curved or irregular surfaces, the end walls of said stock forming plane bearing-faces; a bit adjustably clamped to the stock, and having its cutting-blade extending to the planes of such faces, whereby it is adapted to cut at the ends of said stock; a gage adjustably secured to said stock; and handles removably secured to the ends of said stock, whereby the tool can be used as a spokeshave or as a rabbet-plane.

10. In a tool of the class specified, the combination with a chambered, approximately-cylindrical stock, the end walls of which form plane bearing-faces, and having a mouth extending from end to end thereof; of a bit adjustably clamped in the chamber of said stock, and having its cutting-blade extending substantially adjacent to the planes of such faces;
and removable handles provided with screw-threaded studs adapted to enter screw-threaded apertures in the ends of the stock, whereby the tool can be used as a spokeshave or as a rabbet-plane.

11. In a tool of the class specified, the combination with a chambered, approximately-cylindrical stock, the end walls of which form plane bearing-faces, and having a mouth extending from end to end thereof, and also having a longitudinal recess in its exterior face; of a bit adjustably clamped in the chamber of said stock, and having its blade extending substantially adjacent to the planes of such faces; handles removably secured to the ends of said stock, whereby the tool can be used as a spoke-shave or as a rabbet-plane; and a gage adjustably secured to said stock, and adapted to slide in said longitudinal recess, and regulate the depth of the shave of the tool.

12. In a tool of the class specified, the combination with a chambered, approximately-cylindrical stock, the end walls thereof forming plane bearing-faces, and having a mouth extending from end to end thereof; of a bit adjustably clamped in the chamber of said stock, and having its blade extending substantially adjacent to the planes of such faces; handles removably secured to the ends of said stock, whereby the tool can be used as a spokeshave or as a rabbet-plane; and a gaging device consisting of projecting arms and a sliding bar secured thereto, and adjustably secured to and adapted to slide on said stock to regulate the depth of the shave of the tool.

13. ln a tool of the class specified, the combination with a chambered, approximately-cylindrical stock, the end walls thereof forming plane bearing-faces, and having a mouth extending from end to end thereof; of a bit adjustably clamped in the chamber of the stock, and having its blade extending substantially adjacent to the planes of such faces; handles removably secured to the ends of said stock, whereby the tool can be used as a spoke-shave or as a rabbet-plane; and a gaging device comprising segmental arms, and a sliding bar secured thereto having an elongated slot therein; and means for adjustably securing said gaging device by means of its elongated slot to the stock to permit the same to be adjusted to regulate the depth of the shave of the tool.

14. In a tool of the class specified, the combination with a chambered, approximately-cylindrical stock, the end walls of which form plane bearing-faces, and having a concaved seat therein, and a mouth extending from end to end of said stock, and also having a longitudinal recess on its exterior face; of a concavo-convex bit adapted to be adjustably clamped onto the concaved seat in the chamber of said stock, the blade of said bit extending substantially adjacent to the planes of such faces; handles removably secured to the ends of said stock, whereby the tool can be used as a spokeshave or as a rabbet-plane; a sliding bar adapted to slide in said exterior recess of the stock, and having an elongated slot therein; means for adjustably securing said bar in said recess, and segmental arms secured to said bar, and adapted to partially encircle said cylindrical stock, and adapted to regulate the depth of the shave of the tool.

15. In a tool of the class specified, the combination with a chambered, approximately-cylindrical stock, the end walls thereof forming plane bearing-faces, and having a mouth extending from end to end thereof, of a bit adjustably clamped in the chamber of said stock, and having its blade extending substantially adjacent to the planes of such faces; handles removably secured to the ends of said stock, whereby the tool can be used as a spoke-shave or as a rabbet-plane; and means adjustably secured to said stock for regulating the depth of the shave of the tool.

16. In a tool of the class specified, the combination with a chambered, approximately-cylindrical stock, the end walls of which form plane bearing-faces, and having a mouth extending from end to end thereof, and also having a flattened sole adjacent to said mouth; of a bit adjustably clamped in the chamber of said stock, the shank thereof engaging the interior end walls of the stock, and the blade thereof extending substantially adjacent to the planes of such faces, and handles removably secured to the ends of said stock, whereby the tool can be used as a spokeshave or as a rabbet-plane.

17. In a tool of the class specified, the combination of a stock; the end wall thereof forming a plane bearing-face; a bit joined to the stock, and having a part of its cutting-blade extending to the plane of such face, whereby it is adapted to cut at the end of said stock; a gage secured in position to regulate the depth of the cut of the tool; and a handle removably secured to the end of said stock, whereby the tool can be used as a spokeshave or as a rabbet-plane.

18. In a tool of the class specified, the combination of an approximately-cylindrical stock, whereby it is adapted for work on curved or irregular surfaces, the end walls thereof forming plane bearing-faces; a bit clamped to the stock, and having a part of its cutting-blade extending to the planes of such faces, whereby it is adapted to cut at the ends of said stock; and a gage consisting of a segmental arm having a bar secured thereto having an elongated slot; and means for securing said gage by means of its elongated slot to the stock, whereby it can be adjusted relatively to said stock.

19. In a tool of the class described, the combination with a chambered , approximately-cylindrical stock, the end walls thereof forming plane bearing-faces; and having a concaved seat therein and a mouth extending from end to end of said stock, and substantially adjacent to the plane bearing-faces thereof; of a concave-convex bit adjustably clamped in the chamber of said stock and onto said concaved seat, and having its cutting-blade of substantially the same length as the mouth of said stock ; and a clamping device for adjustably clamping said bit onto the concaved seat of the chamber of the stock.

20. In a tool of the class specified, the combination of a stock, the end wall thereof forming a plane bearing-face; a bit joined to the stock, and having a part of its cutting-blade extending to the plane of such face, whereby it is adapted to cut at the end of such stock; and a handle removably secured to the end of said stock, whereby the tool can be used as a spokeshave or as a rabbet-plane.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
H. S. WALTER,
ROBT. N. PECK.

No. 553,879 – Scraping-Tool (Justus A. Traut) (1896)

[paiddownloads id=”522″]553879

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN , CONNECTICUT.

SCRAPING-TOOL.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 553,879, dated February 4, 1896.
Application filed August 9, 1895. Serial No. 558,774. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Scraping-Tools, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to scraping-tools, adapted to be used for scraping or smoothing wooden surfaces — such, for instance, as surfaces of hard-wood or inlaid floors — and for other analogous purposes.

The object of my present invention is to furnish a simple, durable, and effective scraping-tool for the purpose above specified, and by means of which the scraping or smoothing of wooden surfaces may be executed with greater accuracy than is possible with the ordinary scraping-blade alone when used by hand, as heretofore common, and whereby the operation of scraping may be facilitated and rendered less tiresome to the workman.

In the operation of scraping wooden surfaces, as heretofore practiced, by means of a metal scraper-blade held in the hand, considerable difficulty has been experienced in holding the blade against the wooden surface with a uniform pressure from end to end of said blade, and to hold the blade at the required angle to secure good results and uniformity in work.

One of the chief objects of my present invention is to produce a scraping-tool that the ordinary workman may successfully manipulate and readily use in the operation of scraping or smoothing wooden surfaces, and to so construct and organize the parts of the scraping-tool that the scraper-blade may be adjusted and held at any desired angle relative to the plane of the surface being operated upon, and may be maintained at this angle during the entire operation without the exercise of skill upon the part of the workman, and whereby considerable power may be applied without material fatigue to the workman.

In the preferred form thereof herein shown and described my improved scraping-tool comprises a scraper-blade holder or frame embodying a clamp for holding a scraper-blade of said frame, a scraper-blade removably carried on said frame, a handle-bar or cross-bar preferably removably secured to the scraper-blade holder and having its ends projected beyond opposite ends of said holder, and a runner or tilting device preferably adjustably secured to the scraper-blade holder at an inclination to the scraper-blade holder and adapted for adjusting the blade to any desired angle relatively to any surface it is desired to operate upon.

In the drawings accompanying and forming part of this specification, Figure 1 is a plan view of a scraping-tool embodying my present invention. Fig. 2 is a front view of said scraper-tool as seen from the left hand in Fig. 4. Fig. 3 is a rear view of said scraper-tool as seen from the right hand in Fig. 4. Figs. 4 and 5 are end views, respectively, of the scraper-tool as seen from the right hand in Fig. 3 and showing, respectively, two different positions of the holder and scraper-blade relatively to a surface upon which the tool is supported. Fig. 6 is a rear view, similar to Fig. 3, of the scraper-blade holder and handle-bar with the adjusting-support, scraper-blade, and clamp-screws removed. Figs. 7 and 3 are side and edge views, respectively, of the scraper-blade detached.

Similar characters represent like parts in all the figures of the drawings.

The scraper-blade holder (designated in a general way by B) will usually consist of a rigid metal bearing-plate 2, having a plane inner face, which forms a bearing for the scraper-blade, and having a recess 3 in the outer face thereof, which forms a seat for the handle-bar H, which is seated in said recess, and is removably secured in place by means of a screw 4, which extends through the bearing-plate 2, as shown most clearly in Fig. 6 of the drawings.

The scraper-blade holder embodies a blade-clamp, which, in the preferred form thereof herein shown, comprises two depending clamp-arms 6 and 7, which are preferably formed integrally with the bearing-plate 2, one near each side edge of said plate, as shown most clearly in Figs. 1 to 6, inclusive, of the drawings. These depending arms overlap the plate 2 near the upper edge thereof, and have their inner bearing-faces slightly remote from, and in parallelism with, the adjacent bearing-face of the plate 2, as will be understood by reference to Figs. 4 and 5 of the drawings, the connecting portions 6’ and 7’, between the upper edge of the guiding-plate 2 and arms 6 and 7, forming abutments against which the upper edge of the scraper-blade S may abut for holding said scraper-blade against accidental vertical movement when in place between the depending clamp-arms and the bearing-face of the plate 2.

If desired, the clamp-arms 6 and 7 may be made resilient, and impinge the scraper-blade sufficiently to hold the same in place in the holder without the employment of clamp-screws; but for the purpose of positively holding the scraper-blade S in the holder B, I have shown the clamp-arms 6 and 7, provided with set-screws 8 and 9, respectively, which extend through screw-threaded holes in said clamp-arms, as illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5 in dotted line, and bear at their inner ends against the face of the scraper-blade S.

I do not limit myself to the particular construction of holder illustrated in the drawings, as the construction thereof may be modified within the scope and limits of my invention.

The scraper-blade S, which will usually be a flat sheet-metal plate, will preferably be slightly oblong in form, and will have the scraping edge beveled, as shown at 10, said blade being slightly greater in width transversely of its scraping edge than the distance between the abutments 6′ and 7′ and the lower edge of the bearing-plate 2 of the holder B, so that the scraping edge of the blade will project slightly beyond the lower edge of said holder.

As a convenient means for supporting the holder H and the blade S in the proper working position relatively to the surface (designated by the horizontal line C, Figs. 4 and 5) to be operated upon, and with the scraper-blade at the desired inclination or angle relatively to said surface, I have provided a support or runner, (designated in a general way by R,) which will preferably be adjustably secured to the scraper-blade holder B, so as to be capable of adjustment transversely of the plane of the scraping edge of the scraper-blade. This support or runner R, which may be referred to herein as the “adjusting-support,” is herein shown consisting of a rod or bar 12, carrying a roller 13 at the lower end thereof, adapted for resting upon the surface being scraped. This roller is shown carried between arms 14 and 14’ at the lower end of the bar 12, as shown most clearly in Figs. 1, 3, 4, and 5 of the drawings.

As a convenient means for adjustably securing the adjusting-support to the holder H at the proper inclination relatively to said holder and the blade carried thereby, I have shown the holder with a boss or bearing 15, formed at the upper edge thereof, approximately midway between the two clamp-arms 6 and 7, as will be understood by reference to Figs. 1 to 6, inclusive, of the drawings. This boss has a recess 16 formed therethrough, the axis of which intersects the plane of the bearing-face of the plate 2 of the holder, which recess is adapted to receive and permit a longitudinal sliding movement of the bar 12 of the adjusting-support. The degree of inclination of the recess 16 relatively to the plane of the scraper-blade carried in the holder will, of course, depend largely upon the requirements of the trade, the angle being herein shown as approximately one of thirty degrees, which I have found most convenient for general use.

As a means for adjustably securing the adjusting-support R in the bearing 15, and as a means for holding the same against rotation, I have shown the bar 12 of said support having one flat portion 18, and have shown the recess 16 of a cross-sectional shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of said bar, the bar being held in adjustable position in the bearing preferably by means of a set-screw 19, which extends through the boss or bearing 15 and bears at its inner end against the flat side of the bar 12 of said adjusting-support.

It will be obvious that the means for adjustably securing the adjusting-support R to the holder and the particular construction of said means and support may be variously modided without departure from my invention.

The handle-bar H is herein shown extended beyond the side of the holder B and provided with handles or knobs 20 and 20′ at opposite ends thereof, which may be grasped by the workman when manipulating a scraper-tool. This handle is made removable, so as to enable the workman to detach the same from the scraper-blade holder when it is desired to use the tool for scraping corners, &c.

When it is desired to change the inclination of the scraper-blade S relatively to a surface, as C, it is simply necessary to loosen the set-screw 19, which clamps the bar 12 of the adjusting-support R, and slide said bar upward or downward longitudinally in the bearing 15, and secure the same in adjusted position by said set-screw 19, which will increase or decrease the angle of the scraper blade and holder relatively to said surface, as will readily be understood by comparison of Figs. at and 5 of the drawings.

Having thus described my invention, I claim —

1. A scraping-tool comprehending a scraper-blade holder and a runner adjustably connected together at their upper ends for adjustment, one relatively to the other, in an intersecting plane, and diverging from their points of connection toward their opposite, lower ends; and a scraper-blade removably carried by the holder with its scraping edge extending below the lower end of the holder.

2. A scraping-tool comprehending a scraper-blade holder and a runner adjustably connected together at their upper ends for adjustment, one relatively to the other, in an intersecting plane, and diverging from their points of connection toward their opposite, lower ends; a scraper-blade removably carried by the holder with its scraping edge extending below the lower end of the holder; and a handle-bar secured to the holder with its longitudinal axis in a plane substantially parallel to the plane of the scraping edge of the scraper-blade.

3. In a scraping-tool, the combination with a scraper-blade holder having a scraper-blade supporting-face, substantially as described, and having an inclined transverse bearing at the upper end thereof; and an adjusting-support having a member adjustably carried in said bearing at an inclination to the plane of the supporting-face of said holder, substantially as described.

4. The combination with a scraper-blade holder having a scraper-blade clamp, and also having an inclined fixed bearing at the upper end thereof; of a scraper removably secured to said holder; and an adjusting-support having a bar shiftably carried in the bearing on the scraper-blade holder at a fixed inclination to the plane of the scraper-blade, and also having its lower end remote from, and in alignment with, the scraping edge of the scraper-blade, whereby the scraper-blade may be supported on the surface at an inclination to said surface, and whereby the degree of said inclination may be changed.

5. In a scraping-tool, the combination of a scraper-blade holder having a scraper-blade supporting-face, substantially as described, and also having a fixed bearing at the upper end thereof, which is inclined to the plane of the supporting-face; a supporting-bar adjustably carried in the bearing on said holders with its longitudinal axis intersecting, and at an inclination to, the plane of the supporting-face and scraper-blade holder; and a set-screw extending through one side of said bearing, and engaging the supporting-bar for holding said bar in adjusted position relatively to the holder, substantially as described.

6. In a scraping-tool, the combination of a scraper-blade holder having a scraper-blade supporting-face, substantially as described, and also having a non-circular supporting-bar receiving bearing at the upper edge thereof, the axis of which is transversely disposed and inclined relatively, to the scraper-blade holder; and a cross-sectional, non-circular supporting-bar shiftably carried in said bearing with its axis at an inclination to the plane of the supporting-face of the scraper-blade holder, and having a roller at the lower end thereof.

7. In a scraping-tool, the combination of a scraper-blade holder having a scraper-blade supporting-face, substantially as described, and also having an inclined transverse bearing at the upper edge thereof; a supporting-bar shiftably supported in said bearing at an inclination to the plane of the supporting-face of said holder; means for clamping the supporting-bar in adjusted position in said bearing; a roller carried at the lower end of said supporting-bar remote from the lower edge of the holder; a scraper-blade removably supported upon the supporting-face of the holder; a clamp carried by the holder and engaging the scraper-blade; and a handle-bar removably carried on a scraper-blade holder with its longitudinal axis in parallelism with the scraping edge of the scraper-blade.

8. A scraping-tool, comprising a scraper-blade holder and an adjusting-support adjustably secured together at their upper ends at a fixed inclination relatively to one another, and with their lower edges in alignment with, and remote from, each other; a scraper-blade removably carried by the scraper-blade holder; means for adjustably clamping the scraper-blade upon said holder; and a handle-bar removably secured to the scraper-blade-holder with its longitudinal axis in parallelism with the scraping edge of the scraper-blade.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
CHAS. B. STANLEY,
W. J. WORAM.

No. 553,322 – Miter Or Bevel Plane (Justus A. Traut And Edmund A. Schade) (1896)

[paiddownloads id=”521″]553322

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT AND EDMUND A. SCHADE, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT,
ASSIGNORS TO THE STANLEY RULE AND LEVEL COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

MITER OR BEVEL PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 553,322, dated January 21, 1896.
Application filed October 1, 1895. Serial No. 564,327. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JUSTUS A. TRAUT and EDMUND A. SCHADE, citizens of the (United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Miter or Bevel Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to planes, more particularly of that class designated as “miter” or “bevel” planes; and the object of the invention is to provide an improved plane of this class more especially adapted for work on moldings and similar materials, whereby the same can be properly planed to permit the same to be joined with a miter or bevel joint, as desired.

The further object of the invention is to provide adjustable means in connection with and preferably embodied in the adjusting or gaging means whereby said adjustable means can be adjusted and held in engagement with the stock of the plane at whatever angle the gaging or adjusting means maybe positioned, to thereby constitute at all times a support for the material, whether the gaging means be adjusted in position adjacent to the plane-stock or not, and also to provide means in connection with such adjustable means whereby when the same is in engagement with the stock of the plane the projecting plane-iron will not strike the same, on the movement of the plane in either direction.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a top view of my improved miter or bevel plane, and showing a piece of work in position to have one of its ends cut at an angle of forty-five degrees, whereby, in connection with a similar molding it will form a miter-joint. Fig. 2 is a front view of the miter or bevel plane, showing the plane proper drawn away from the work. Fig. 3 is also a top view, parts thereof being broken away, and shows the gaging or adjusting means disposed at an angle of about eighty degrees relatively to the race or guideway of the plane, and also shows, in dotted lines, the adjustable means in connection with the gaging device for supporting the material in its position adjacent to the stock of the plane, and Fig. 4 is a transverse partly-sectional view, in line a a, Fig. 1, looking toward the right hand in said figure.

Similar characters designate like parts in all the figures of the drawings.

Our improved miter or bevel plane, in the preferred form thereof herein shown and described, comprises a suitable supporting means or base (designated in a general way by A) for supporting a suitable plane (designated in a general way by B) adapted to be moved to and fro thereon, a suitable adjustable gaging or adjusting means (designated in a general way by C) for supporting the work at any desired angular position relatively to the plane B, and adjustable means (designated in a general way by D) preferably embodied in the gaging or adjusting means for supporting the work in position adjacent to the plane, whether the gaging means be adjusted to a position adjacent to the plane or not, and which embodies means for preventing the plane-iron from striking said adjustable means.

The supporting means or base A may be of any desired and suitable construction adapted to support the devices above mentioned, and is provided with a race or way 10, constructed in any suitable way, in which the stock 11 of the plane B is adapted to move to and fro. Adapted to slide in this race 10 is a plane B, constructed in any suitable way to accomplish the desired object. In the form shown, however, it comprises a right-angled stock 11, one member b of which slides in the race or way 10, while the other member c thereof, which is at right angles to the supporting means A, is provided with the plane-mouth 15, hereinafter described. The members b and c may be secured together in any suitable way and reinforced by suitable ribs, as desired. Secured to this stock 11, preferably adjacent to the juncture of the members b and c thereof and in any suitable manner, but preferably by means of a bracket 12, formed integral with said stock, is a handle 13 for operating the plane. The member c of the stock is provided with a mouth 15, preferably formed at an angle relatively to the longitudinal axis of said member c. Adjacent to this mouth 15 the stock 11 in the interior thereof is provided with a suitable bracket 16 for supporting the plane-iron 14 and its adjusting and clamping mechanism, which adjusting and clamping mechanism may be, if desired, of the usual form, and hence no further description thereof is deemed neccessary. This plane-iron supporting-bracket 16, however, is also disposed at an angle relatively to the stock member c and in parallelism with the mouth 15 of the plane, and is provided with an inclined or beveled seat 16′ for the plane-iron, whereby said plane-iron 14 when in its working position will have its knife-edge projecting through said mouth 15 at an angle to the member c of the stock, whereby one part of the work will be operated upon before the other part thereof and the breaking or tearing of the fibers of the wood prevented when the plane-iron leaves the material. By means of this particular construction of plane-iron bracket the plane-iron can be made of the usual form and thickness, as in the ordinary planes, and whereby the necessity of making the plane-iron somewhat thicker at one than at the other side thereof in order to obtain an angular cut, as has heretofore been necessary, is obviated, and whereby also the sharpening of the knife-
edge of the iron is facilitated.

The gaging or adjusting means C for holding the material in proper angular position to be planed consists, in the preferred form thereof herein shown and described, of a suitable bracket 20, pivoted to the base A, preferably at the forward end thereof adjacent to the race 10, and which bracket is adapted to swing in an arc of a circle, and by the means hereinafter described support the material at any desired angle relatively to the race or member c of the plane-stock 11. This bracket 20 of the form shown is constructed of an arm 21 and a vertical plate 22, preferably integrally connected at their inner ends and diverging from each other, and through the juncture of the same the pivot screw or bolt 23 projects to pivotally secure the bracket for swinging movement relatively to the base A. This bracket-plate 22 is preferably provided with a curved inner end 24, whereby the bracket-plate 22 can be swung into any desired position adjacent to the plane-stock without the end thereof striking against the stock member c when the same is at the forward end of its race.

Preferably integral with and connecting the plate 22 and arm 21, adjacent to the outer ends thereof, is a preferably-curved member or arm 25, having an arc-shaped slot 26 therein. This arm 25 preferably extends beyond the point of juncture with the member or arm 21, and is provided at its outer end with a sleeve 27, carrying a locking device held therein by any suitable means. ln the preferable form thereof the locking device consists of a vertically-sliding bolt 28, provided with a recess (not shown) on its side face, which a pin or screw (likewise not shown) extending through the wall of the sleeve at right angles to said bolt 28 intersects, whereby the locking-bolt is permitted to have a sliding movement and is prevented from bein g drawn out. This locking-bolt 28 is provided with a suitable actuating-handle or finger-piece 20 for manipulating the same.

The base A is provided with apertures 30, disposed in an arc of a circle similar to the arc of the slotted member 25, and in position to be engaged by the lower end of the locking-bolt 28,whereby on the swinging of the bracket 20 the same can be located in any desired position by pushing the locking-bolt 28, which may be a spring-operated bolt, if desired, into any one of these apertures 30.

Any number of apertures may be provided, whereby the bracket can be located at any desired angle relatively to the race or plane stock.

In order to firmly secure the gaging or adjusting means in its adjusted position and prevent the movement thereof when the plane is in use, the bracket is provided with a supplemental fastening means in the nature of a suitable clamping device 31, and which in the form shown comprises a clamping-bolt 32, having a threaded end and an enlarged head 33, and provided with a suitable actuating-handle or sliding lever 34. The threaded end of this clamping-bolt projects through the arc-shaped slot 26 of the arm 25 and enters suitable threaded apertures 35 in the base, which apertures are likewise disposed in an arc of a circle in alignment with the locking-bolt openings 30. Any desired number of these threaded apertures may be provided. Intermediate of the upper face of the arm 25 and the under face of the enlarged head 33 a suitable washer 36 is disposed, whereby on the turning of the clamping-bolt said bracket will be clamped in the position in which the locking-bolt 28 positioned the same.

The adjustable means for holding the work in position to be operated on relatively to the plane-stop member c in the preferred form shown consists of a suitable fence or gage plate 40, adjustably secured to the bracket-plate 22 for sliding movement to and from the in movable plane. The means herein shown for securing this fence or gage plate 40 to the bracket-plate 22 comprises a suitable slot 41 in the bracket-plate 22, through which a screw-threaded stud preferably integrally secured to the fence 40 is adapted to project. A thumb-nut 43 is adapted to screw onto the end of this threaded stud to clamp the adjustable fence in any desired position, a suitable washer 44 being disposed between the inner face of the thumb-nut and bracket-plate 22.

When the bracket 20 is in the position shown — as, for instance, in Fig. 1 — the adjustable fence 40 is adjusted to permit a part of its inner end, as hereinafter described, to engage the stock member c of the plane and be clamped in such position, whereby the material can be placed in position against such fence to permit the same to be operated on by the plane. When it is desired to change the angle of the bracket 20, the same is adjusted to any desired position — for instance, as shown in Fig. 3 — in which the bracket is shown in its adjusted position at an angle of eighty degrees relatively to the race; but in order to form a proper support to hold the material in position to be planed it is necessary that the fence 40 be adjusted to have a part of its inner end engage the stock member c, the same as shown in Fig. 1. Hence, by releasing the clamping device 43 and moving the fence 40 into the position shown in dotted lines (see Fig. 3) and reclamping the fastening device the fence 40 will have a part of its inner end in engagement with the stock and in proper position to support the material. By means of this improved adjustable fence or gage plate 40 the said fence can be adjusted to permit a part of its inner end to properly engage with the stock at whatever angle the bracket 20 may be adjusted.

If, however, the entire inner end of the fence engaged the stock member c, the plane-iron in its to-and-fro movements would strike against the edge of such fence and hack the knife-edge thereof. In order, therefore, to prevent this serious disadvantage and at the same time permit the fence 40 to be adjusted into such position relatively to the stock member that it will properly support the work in position to be operated on by the plane, in whatever position the bracket 20 may be adjusted, I provide the inner end of the fence with a projection or projecting portion 44′, adapted to engage the stock member c of said plane at a point beyond the knife-edge of the plane-iron, and which in this instance is shown disposed above the upper edge of the plane-iron, whereby this projecting portion 44′ alone engages the stock of the plane when the adjustable fence is in position to support the work, and the knife-edge in the to-and-fro movements of the plane is permitted to pass by the adjacent recessed portion of the inner end of the fence, and the injury of the same thereby obviated.

It is obvious that it is advantageous to thus cause the fence to bear against the face of the plane-stock rather than, for instance, against a fixed part of the frame, as it is possible that, owing to wear, the plane may not always occupy exactly the same position relative to any lined point on the frame.

By means of this improved miter or bevel plane the work can be held at all times in proper position adjacent to the plane to be operated upon from any angle to which the bracket constituting a part of the gaging device is adjusted, and the liability of injuring the knife-edge of the plane also prevented.

Having thus described my invention, I claim —

1. In a plane of the class described, the combination with a support; of a plane movable thereon; a bracket pivoted to said support for adjustment in an angular direction relatively to said movable plane; a fence adjustable relatively to said bracket and having a projection thereon adapted to engage a portion of the movable plane, whereby the knife-edge of said plane is permitted to pass free from contact with said fence, substantially as described.

2. An adjustable gage for a plane of the class described, consisting of a bracket adapted to be pivoted adjacent to the stock of a movable plane for adjustment in an angular direction relatively to said plane, and carrying an adjustable plate or fence movable with said bracket and adjustable relatively thereto, to and from the movable plane, and having a projection thereon adapted to engage a portion of the movable plane from any position to which said bracket may be adjusted, substantially as described.

3. In a plane of the class described, the combination with a support; of a plane movable thereon; a bracket pivoted to said support for adjustment in an angular direction relatively to said movable plane and embodying a supporting plate; a fence, having a projection thereon, and secured to said supporting-plate for adjustment in parallelism therewith and movable with said bracket, whereby the projection is adapted to engage a portion of the movable plane, to permit the knife-edge of said plane to pass free from contact with said fence, substantially as described.

4. In a plane of the class described, the combination with a support havinga race or way-and also having apertures disposed in an arc of a circle; of a plane movable in said race; gaging means pivoted to said support for adjustment in an angular direction relatively to said movable plane, and comprising a bracket having a projecting arm and a vertical plate connected adjacent to their inner ends, and an arm connecting said vertical plate and projecting arm adjacent to their outer ends, and having an arc-shaped slot therein, an adj ustable locking device secured to said slotted arm, an adjustable clamping device movable in said slotted arm, said locking and clamping devices being adapted to engage apertures in the support, a fence secured to said bracket-plate and adjustable relatively thereto, and having a projection on its inner end adapted to engage the stock of the movable plane from any position to which the bracket may be adjusted, and a clamping device for securing said adjustable fence in its adjusted position, substantially as described.

5. In a plane of the class described, the combination with a support; of a plane movable thereon, and comprising a right-angled stock having a mouth therein disposed at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the plane; a plane-iron bracket secured to said stock, and also disposed at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the plane and in parallelism with the mouth of said plane; a plane-iron seated on said bracket and adapted to project through said mouth, whereby the knife-edge thereof will likewise be at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the plane; a bracket pivoted to said support for adjustment in an angular direction relatively to said movable plane; a fence adjustably connected to said bracket, and having a projection on its inner end adapted to engage a portion of the stock of the plane to permit the knife-edge thereof to pass free from contact with said fence, substantially as described.

6. In a plane of the class described, the combination with a support; of a plane movable thereon; a bracket pivoted to said support for adjustment in an angular direction relatively to said movable plane; a fence secured to said bracket for adjustment to and from the movable plane, and having a projection at its upper, inner end adapted to engage the plane-stock when said fence is adjusted into position relatively to said stock, whereby the knife-edge of the plane is permitted to pass below said projection and free from contact with the inner edge of the adjustable fence, substantially as described.

7. An adjustable gage for a plane of the class described, consisting of a bracket adapted to be pivoted adjacent to the stock of a movable plane, for adjustment in an angular direction relatively to said plane, and carrying an adjustable fence or plate movable with said bracket and adjustable relatively thereto, to and from the movable plane, and having a projection thereon adapted to engage a portion of the movable plane from any position to which said bracket may be adjusted; and means for clamping said bracket in its adjusted position, substantially as described.

8. An adjustable gage for a plane of the class described, consisting of a bracket adapted to be pivoted adjacent to the stock of a movable plane, for adjustment in an angular direction relatively to said plane; an adjustable fence or plate movable with said bracket and adjustable relatively thereto, to and from the movable plane, and having a projection thereon adapted to engage a portion of the movable plane from any position to which said bracket may be adjusted; means for adjustably clamping said fence to said bracket; and means for clamping said bracket in its adjusted position, substantially as described.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.
EDMUND A. SCHADE.

Witnesses:
H. S. WALTER,
F. N. STANLEY.