Tag: Massachusetts

No. 7,432 – Plane For Tonguing And Grooving Boards (James A. Woodbury) (1850)

[paiddownloads id=”4″]7432

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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JAMES A. WOODBURY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

PLANE FOR TONGUING AND GROOVING BOARDS, &c.

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Specification of Letters Patent No. 7,432, dated June 11, 1850.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES A. WOODBURY, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Tonguing and Grooving Boards, Planks, &c., and that the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings hereinafter referred to, forms a full and exact specification of the same, wherein I have set forth the nature and principles of my said improvements by which my invention may be distinguished from others of a similar class together with such parts as I claim and desire to have secured to me by Letters Patent.

The figures of the accompanying plate of drawings represent my improvements.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of hand plane arranged with my improvements for cutting, or forming tongues in boards or planks. Fig. 2 is a top view of the same.

Fig. 3 is an isometrical perspective view of a gouge used in said plane, and Fig. 4 is a similar view of a smoothing chisel set behind this gouge in said plane; and Fig. 5 is a plan of the underside of said plane, and Fig. 6 is an end view of the same. Precisely similar views of a hand plane for forming grooves in boards or planks, to those represented in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, are shown respectively in Figs. 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12.

As the implements for forming tongues and grooves are now arranged, there is but a single cutting chisel of the ordinary shape or construction, the edge of which penetrates into the wood, and tears out the shaving from the sides of the groove or tongue, and leaves said sides rough and imperfect. While in cross-grained lumber and wet wood it is almost impossible to form a tongue or groove with the tools now in common use.

The defective operation of the tools heretofore devised, in the particular above noted, has long been sought to be remedied, and by my improvements the difliculties and imperfections above referred to are entirely obviated.

In my improved apparatus I use two cutting tools or chisels. That which first enters the wood is a gouge-cutter with a semi-circular cutting edge, which operates to take out the greater portion of the shaving required to be removed from the groove, or on each side of the tongue. And behind this gouge cutter is set a smoothing cutter havlng a common chisel edge at the bottom, and on each side thereof a cutting or face, the chisel edge operating to smooth the bottom of the groove &c., and the cutting lips serving to smooth the sides of the grooves and tongues.

The two hand planes shown in the drawings, are constructed in most respects, in the plane stocks, like those in common use for forming tongues and grooves. The handles of both stocks are shown at a a–a a, Figs. 1 and 7, and the guiding ledges which fit against the face of the boards or planks, are shown at b b–b b, in said figures, and in Figs. 5, 6, 11 and 12. They are both also contrived in the usual way, with the wooden wedges, c c c &c., Figs. 1 and 2, 7 and 8, for confining the cutting tools in proper position. The plane for forming the tongue has two sets or series of gouges and smoothing chisels, above referred to, as shown at d, e–d, e, Figs. 1, 2 and 5, and two throats, f f–g g, on each side for the delivery or escape of the shavings, as shown in said Figs. 1 and 2. It also has the usual groove, h h, Figs. 5 and 6, on its under side, which fits, and plays over the tongue as it is made.

The grooving plane requires discharging throats but on one side, and has the usual tongue, i i, Figs. 7, 11 and 12, along its under side through which the cutting tools pass, and which fits into, and plays through the groove, as it is made deeper and deeper in the board or plank.

As before suggested, and explained, the main feature of my invention consists in the use of gouges, d–d, in the tonguing plane, and k, in the grooving plane, to precede a smoothing tool, e–e and l, in said tonguing and grooving planes respectively; the said smoothing tools having lips to cut smoothly on the sides of the grooves and tongues to be formed. The gouges, d–d and k, have semi-circular cutting edges, and should be so set in the plane stocks, see Figs. 1 and 5, 7 and 11, as that the corners should penetrate into, and engage with the wood first, so as to turn the shavings up into the discharging throats freely. The smoothing irons in the tonguing plane have but one smoothing lip or face, as shown at m, Figs. 4 and 5, there being two such tools the front or cutting edge of the lip of one of which cuts on each side of the tongue, while the grooving plane has but one such tool, with a lip, n–n, on each side, the front or cutting edge of which serves to smooth each side of the groove. The smoothing tools which are set behind the gouges in both plane-stocks, shown in the drawings, should, like the gouges, to be so fixed in position, as the upper corners of the front or cutting edges of the side lips, m–n, n, shall first engage with, and penetrate the wood, as, by thus arranging them a “drawing stroke,” (so to speak,) is produced, as the planes are moved along, and the shavings, as before suggested, are more freely discharged through the throats formed in the stocks for the purpose.

It will be evident to any mechanic versed in the arts of carpentry or joinery, that the arrangement of tools for forming tongues and grooves hereinabove suggested, and described, may be used in stationary positions in a manner which will be readily understood, on the sides of power planing machines; or a series of alternate gouges smoothing cutters constructed as above described, may be set in a revolving frame or stock, and produce a much improved result on that which is now effected in such machines. A sufficient number of alternate gouges and smoothing cutters, should be used to out the tongue or groove of any required depth, by passing the board or plank once through the machine. The great end attained by any of the arrangements above described being the removal first by the gouges of the larger portion of the shaving, and then smoothing the sides and bottom of the grooves and sides faces of the tongues and the sunken or rebated edges adjacent to the same, by the smoothing tool, having the lips as described.

Having thus described my improvements, in tonguing and grooving apparatus, I shall state my claim as follows:

What I claim as my invention, and desire to have secured to me by Letters Patent in said apparatus, is —

The combination of a gouge or gouges, (for removing the bulk or greater portion of a shaving in forming tongues or grooves in boards or planks,) with smoothing tools having a chisel edge, a cutting and side lip on either or both sides thereof, (for smoothing the sides and bottom of the grooves, and the edges about the tongues, as set forth) ; said gouges being set in front of said smoothing tools, and the whole being arranged, and operating substantially, as hereinabove set forth.

Boston March 13th 1850.
JAMES A. WOODBURY.

Witnesses:
EZRA LINCOLN,
ROBERT L. HARRIS.

No. 184 – Spoke Shave (Ira L. Beckwith) (1837)

[paiddownloads id=”16″]184

United States Patent Office.

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IRA L. BECKWITH, OF QUINCY, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENTS IN SPOKESHAVES.

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Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 184, dated April 29, 1837.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, IRA L. BECKWITH, of Quincy, in the county of Norfolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful improvement in a machine or instrument commonly called and known as a “Spokeshave;” and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description.

In the accompanying drawings, the part numbered 5 represents the frame or wood-work, as seen in the accompanying model. It is of boxwood, but may equally well consist of any other kind of hard wood.

No. 1 in the drawings is a steel roller, fitted into No. 2, which is a sort of frame fixed to the wood and immovable. The roller is fitted in and is designed to turn with the greastest facility.

No. 2 is the frame set into the wood and serving to control the roller. It is generally (and always when in use) immovable; but it is made fast to the wood by two bolts, which enter on the front side at a and b and pass entirely through the wood, coming out at the opposite side, where they are fitted with a nut, which is screwed on the ends of the bolts, so that as the knife (marked 3) wears away by use and leaves too great a space between it (the knife) and the roller, the wood immediately behind the roller may be a little cut away, and then, by screwing on the nut, the roller with No. 2 will be approximated to the knife and may be used again.

No. 3 is the knife. It is a plate of steel. It is intended to be kept constantly sharp. It is fastened to the wood by two prongs or feet — one at either end of the knife — which pass through the wood and enter and are fixed in two thumb-screws on the opposite side.

No. 4 is a thin plate, stratum, or cap of steel, which is fitted immediately under and in close contact to the knife. It is made fast to the knife by two screws, (marked c and d.) The general object of this cap is to enable the instrument to be used against the grain of the wood which is being shaved, which cannot be done with the spokeshave now in use.

It will be observed that the holes or apertures in the cap for the entrance of the screws are somewhat larger than the body of the screws. The object in this is that as the knife wears away the screws may at any time be a little loosened and the cap slid back from the edge of the knife; then tighten the screws again and your instrument is ready for renewed use.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. The substitution of the roller No. 1 for the square block of immovable metal in the old spokeshave, by which substitution the shavings are more freely shed, and wood, or a spoke of a more crooked or curved surface may be shaved.

2. The manner, as before described, in which the parts are put together so as to approximate the roller to the edge of the knife as the knife wears away.

3. The addition of the cap marked No. 4, which did not exist in the old spokeshave, and which gives tho wheelwrights and other mechanics the important power of shaving against the grain, and the manner in which the said cap is fixed to the knife so as to be moved back as the knife wears away.

IRA L. BECKWITH.

Witnesses:
A.CHURCHILL. Jr.,
H. H. FLANDERS.

No. 17,111 – Adjusting And Holding The Knives Of Spokeshaves (Manley Packard) (1857)

[paiddownloads id=”39″]17111

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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MANLEY PACKARD, OF NORTH BRIDGEWATER, MASSACHUSETTS.

METHOD OF ADJUSTING AND HOLDING THE KNIVES OF SPOKESHAVES.

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Specification of Letters Patent No. 17,111, dated April 21, 1857.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MANLEY PACKARD, of North Bridgewater, in the county of Plymouth and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Iniproveinent in Spoke or Heel Shaves; and I do hereby declare that the same is fully described and represented in the following specification and the accompanying drawings, of which —

Figure 1, is a top view, Fig. 2, a rear elevation, Fig. 3, a transverse and central section, and Fig. 4, a longitudinal section of one of my improved articles.

In these drawings A, denotes the handle or stock of the shave; B, the curved cutter knife made in the usual manner with starts a, a, which when the knife is in place in the stock, extends in the usual manner, through holes or mortises made in the same. The cutting edge of the knife operates in connection with a metallic bearer rest b, arranged in front of it, the same constituting the front boundary of the throat c, through which the shavings escape when the tool is in use. So far as the above mentioned parts are concerned, the instrument does not differ from many other spoke shaves.

My improvement which has relation to a means of confining the starts in the stock consists not only in employing a bow spring C, to extend from one start to the other and rest on the upper side of the stock as shown in the drawings, but in having a screw D, to extend through the middle part of the said spring and screw into the stock, the head of the screw being in contact with the top surface of the spring. By screwing the screw into the wood, the bow spring will have its ends forced against the starts so as to hold them firmly in place, an abutment of metal, c’, being placed against each start and fastened in the stock, as shown in Figs. 1, and 4.

By the above described arrangenient and application of the bow spring and screw with reference to the stock and starts of the knife, the fixation of the knife in the stock, and at any distance from the bar b, is a matter which can be accomplished with ease and certainty, the knife not being liable to change its position after once having been adjusted. Besides this, the arrangement of the fastening contrivances, causes them to be so isolated from the sides of the stock as not to interfere with the operations of a workman, who may be using the instrument. The inner corner of each start is beveled or charnfered olf a little as shown at f, in order that when the starts are being driven or pressed through the stock, they may go clear of the ends of the spring so as not to injure it.

My improveinent is one of much utility, as while it affords a simple and efficient means of maintaining the knife in place in the stock it is not in the way of a workman as clamp screws are when extended into and from the sides of the stock.

I do not claim applying either a wedge or a clamp screw to each start in order to keep it in place in the stock, but

What I do claim is —

The above described new arrangement of the clamp screw and bow spring with respect to the handle and starts of the knife or cutter and so as to operate therewith substantially as specified.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my signature.

MANLEY PACKARD.

Witnesses :
MARSHALL M. PACKARD,
J. R. PERKINS.

No. 17,286 – Joiner’s Plane (Benjamin I. Lane) (1857)

[paiddownloads id=”41″]17286

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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BENJAMIN I. LANE, OF NEWBURYPORT, MASSACHUSETTS.

JOINER’S PLANE.

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Specification of Letters Patent No. 17,286, dated May 12, 1857.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN I. LANE, of Newburyport, in the county of Essex and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Joiners’ Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawing, making a part of this specification, said drawing being a longitudinal vertical section of a plane with my improvement applied to it.

This invention consists in a novel means employed for securing the iron properly within the plane, and also for adjusting said iron, and giving it more or less “set” as may be desired.

To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and construct my invention, I will proceed to describe it.

A, represents the body or stock of the plane constructed of wood and in the usual way.

B, is the throat of the usual form; and C, is the iron placed within the throat; the back of the iron resting or bearing against the back edge or side of the throat. To the back side of the iron C, near its lower end, a ledge (a), is secured, and a slot (b), is formed or made in its upper end. A ledge or small bar (c), is placed in the slot (b),
and is secured therein by a thumb nut (d), which is fitted on a screw (e), which passes through the slot (b).

D, is a screw rod, the lower end of which is stepped in the ledge (a) ; the upper end of the rod passes through the ledge or bar (c), and has a thumb wheel (f), on it.

E, represents a metal plate which is fitted on a plate F, secured and “let in” flush with the upper surface of the stock A. The plate E, is secured to the plate F, by screws (g), which pass through slots in the plate E. The plate E, therefore, is allowed a certain degree of play on the plate F. The screw rod D, passes through a hole (i), in the inner end. of the plate E; and also through a hole (j), in a bar or projection (k), at the lower end of a bar (l). This bar (l), is attached to the under side of the plate E; and a screw thread is out in the hole (j) through which the screw rod passes. In the back part of the plate E, a square opening (m), is made, and a wedge (n), is fitted therein. This wedge (n) , has a rod (o), passing vertically through it; the lower part of the rod having a screw thread formed on it; the screw portion passing through a nut (p), secured in a recess (g), in the stock A. The upper end of the rod (o), has a thumb wheel (r), on it.

The back side of the throat B, on which the iron C, rests has a recess (s), made in it, to receive the bar (l), and allow it a requisite degree of play.

From the above description of parts it will be seen that the iron C, may be raised and lowered by turning the screw rod D, so that the cutting edge (t), may have the required “set”; and the iron is firmly bedded or made to bear snugly against the back side of the throat B, by turning the rod (o); whereby the wedge (n), is depressed, the plate E, forced outward, and iron pressed or drawn firmly against the the back side of the throat.

I do not claim separately the screw rod D, for raising and lowering the iron C, for that has been previously used for effecting the same purpose; — but,

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. The sliding plate E, with bar (l), attached, through which the screw rod D, passes; the plate E being operated by the wedge (n), and screw rod (o); substantially as described, for the purpose set forth.

2. I also claim, in cornbination with the plate E, and bar (l), arranged and operated as shown, the screw rod D, applied to the iron C, and connected with the plate E, and bar (l), as described, whereby the iron C, may be adjusted or “set” with facility, and also secured firmly in proper position within the plane.

BENJ. I. LANE.

Witnesses:
JAMES F. BUCKLEY,
WM. TUSCH.

No. 17,541 – Tonguing And Grooving Hand Plane (Porter A. Gladwin) (1857)

[paiddownloads id=”43″]17541

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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PORTER A. GLADWIN, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND THOS. F.
CALDICOTT.

TONGUING AND GROOVING HAND-PLANE.

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Specification of Letters Patent No. 17,541, dated June 9, 1857.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PORTER A. GLADWIN, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improved Tongue and Groove Plane or “Match-Plane,” as usually termed; and I do hereby declare that the same is fully described and represented in the following specification and the accompanying drawings, of which —

Figure 1, is a side elevation of my improved plane. Fig. 2, a front end view of it. Fig. 3, a top view of it. Fig. 4, a front view of its plane iron or cutter. Fig. 5, is an end view, and Fig. G, a, side view of the ordinary match plane.

The common match plane is made with two separate throats for the reception of separate cutters, which are arranged so as to stand or slant in opposite directions as shown at a, and b, in Fig. 6.

In Fig. 5 c, and d, represent the vertical guides of the tonguing and grooving cutters, their lower edges being arranged on a level with each other while both of such guides are placed between the tonguing and grooving cutters. After the plane has been used to form a tongue it must be turned around or reversed in the hand in order to enable it to make a groove. This is not the case with my improved match plane which always works in one direction whether it be used for cutting a tongue or for making a groove.

In Figs. 1, 2, and 3, A, denotes the stock or body of the plane, which is constructed with a single throat, B, for the reception of a cutter, or plane iron C, formed as shown in front view in Fig. 4, that is, with a grooving cutting edge, i, and tonguing cutting edges, k, k, arranged with respect to one another as shown in said figure. This cutter, C, stands or slants in one direction and operates with vertical guides c’, d’, and horizontal guides f’, g’, h’, arranged as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

In the common match plane, the vertical guides, c, d, (see Fig. 5) are arranged below the horizontal guides, and so that their lower edges may be on a level, whereas in my improved plane, the vertical guides, c’, d’, are arranged so that one of them viz d’ extends below the other, while the horizontal guide, f’, of the tonguing cutter is arranged between the said two guides, c’, d’. This latter arrangement enables the plane to be used with one handle and either for tonguing or grooving, while its handle is grasped by the hand of a workman, it not being necessary to reverse the plane during the performance of those operations.

The advantages of the improved match plane will be apparent.

I do not claim the combination of tonguing and grooving cutters, upright and horizontal guides in one stock, wherein the tonguing and grooving cutters are arranged to slant in opposite directions, but

What I do claim as an improvement in the match plane is,

The tonguing and grooving cutter or cutters in a single throat and to slant in one direction in combination with arranging the vertical guides so that one shall stand below the other, and the horizontal tongue guide be arranged between as specified.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my signature.

PORTER A. GLADWIN.

Witnesses:
R. H. EDDY,
F. P. HALE, Jr.

No. 17,618 – Holding And Adjusting Plane Irons In Their Stocks (Willard W. Chipman) (1857)

[paiddownloads id=”45″]17618

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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WILLARD W. CHIPMAN, OF LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

METHOD OF HOLDING AND ADJUSTING PLANE-IRONS IN THEIR STOCKS.

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Specification of Letters Patent No. 17,618, dated June 23, 1857.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLARD W. CHIPMAN, of Lowell, in the county of Middlesex and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Holding and Adjusting Plane-Irons; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

Similar letters of reference in each of the several figures refer to like parts.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane with my improvements attached. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section of the same. Fig. 3 is a cross section perpendicular to the direction of the plane iron. Fig. 4. is a plan of a part of the apparatus, shown detached from the plane stock. Fig. 5 is an end view of the same.

A represents the stock, or main part of the plane. B is the handle, C is the iron, or cutting tool, D is the cap which is secured on the face of C in the usual manner by means of the screw F. This cap may, or may not be used.

Fastened to the back of the “iron” C is a double V or sliding piece E which has a slot running longitudinally through the middle of it large enough to admit the head of the screw F.

G, G is a small metallic frame having a V shaped groove on each side in which the sliding piece E is supported. A suitable place is cut out in the plane stock directly beneath the iron C to receive this frame G and it is secured therein by means of screws.

H, H’ are frogs or wedge shaped pieces secured in the grooves of the frame G, G by means of a joint so that one end is at liberty to swing in or out. These frogs are operated upon by means of the thumb screws I, I’, which screw through the sides of frame G and press against the movable end of the frogs. The heads of the thumb screws I, I’ are sunk in recesses made, one on each side of the plane stock and just large enough to allow the thumb and finger to have a fair chance to turn the screws. Now when the frogs are thrown back in the grooves, the slide E is at liberty to move up or down in them (the grooves) freely, and the “plane iron” can be adjusted to its proper place, which being done, the thumb screws are turned up against the frogs, and these bind or wedge the sliding piece E into the grooves, and thus the plane iron is secured firmly in its place. One advantage in this manner of securing the plane iron is, that it leaves the mouth of the plane through which the shavings come perfectly smooth and free from all the obstructions that are found in the common plane, so that the shavings cannot clog in the mouth and cause trouble to the operator. Another advantage is in the facility it affords of adjusting the iron to the right gage, and also of setting it. square. If, as it often happens, one side of the edge of the iron projects through the mouth more than the other, then we must loosen the screw on the side where the edge shows least and screw up the other, until the edge comes into the right position. This simple and positive operation is an evident advantage over the old uncertain way of rapping the top of the iron with a hammer.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The use and application of the apparatus for holding and adjusting the plane iron, substantially as, and for the purpose described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my signature this twenty fifth day of May A. D. 1857.

WILLARD W. CHIPMAN.

In presence of us —
N. WRIGHT,
O. E. CUSHING.

No. 17,645 – Securing And Adjusting Plane Irons In Their Stocks (William Stoddard) (1857)

[paiddownloads id=”46″]17645

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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WM. STODDARD, OF LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

MODE OF SECURING AND ADJUSTING PLANE-IRONS IN THEIR STOCKS.

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Specification of Letters Patent No. 17,645, dated June 23, 1857.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WM. STODDARD, of Lowell, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and Improved Mode of Fastening in Plane-Irons; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, in which —

Figure 1 is a plan of a plane with my invention attached showing the lever A through an opening in the iron B ; Fig. 2 is an end elevation presenting the cam stand C and lever A as seen from a back end view of the plane ; Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical section on D, E, on which F denotes the tool stock; G, a cap on the cutting iron B and confined to it by the double headed bolt H. This bolt slides loosely in the grooved stand I, seen more distinctly in Fig. 7, which is a transverse vertical section through the double irons B and G, bolt H, and stand I.

A is a lever acting in and on the cam stand C in such a manner that moving it to the right or left lowers or raises the upper ends of the irons B, G. At the same time the cutting or lower ends are moved in an opposite direction by means of their connection with stand I by bolt H which serves as a fulcrum for lever A to operate upon thus firnily pressing the irons B and G to the plane stock and preventing any looseness or chattering at their cutting ends as is often the case when fastened by a key or wedge.

What I claim as my invention and wish to secure by Letters Patent is —

The grooved stand I double-headed bolt H in combination with the cam A and its stand C for the purposes set forth and described.

WILLIAM STODDARD. [L. S.]

Witnesses:
ALBERT I. PHILBRICK,
H. G. BLAISDELL.

No. 98,305 – Whalebone Shaving Plane (James A. Sevey) (1869)

[paiddownloads id=”53″]98305

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES A. SEVEY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

Letters Patent No. 98,305, dated December 28, 1869.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN PLANE FOR SHAVING WHALEBONE.

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The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

To all persons to whom these presents may come:

Be it known that I, JAMES A. SEVEY, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk, and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful or Improved Machine or Implement for Stripping or Shaving Whalebone ; and I do hereby declare the same to be fully described in the following specification, and represented in the accompanying drawings, of which —

Figure 1 denotes a perspective view of it :
Figure 2, a verticle and longitudinal section ; and
Figure 3, a transverse section of it.

In such drawings —

E denotes a plane-stock, made of wood, or other proper material, and provided with a handle, a, which extends from it in manner as exibited in figs. 1 and 2.

At or near its heel, the said stock is rebated entirely across it, as shown at b c d, in fig. 2, and also in fig. 1.

Within the recess or rebate, I arrange, at suitable distances apart, and parallel to each other, two metallic blocks or plane-iron supporters A A, they being rebated on their inner edges, as shown at e e, in fig. 3, in order to receive and support a plane-iron or cutter, C, the bevel f of whose cutting-edge, is arranged upward, or in a manner as shown in fig. 2.

The plane-iron C is held to these supporters A A by means of clamp-screws g g, screwed into the supporters, and arranged, with reference to the plane-iron, in manner as represented.

Each supporter is held in place by three screws, S S P, two of which go through the supporter and screw into the plane-stock. The third screw, P, is arranged between the screws S S, and is screwed through the plane-stock, and against the supporter, the whole being as shown in fig. 2.

By means of these adjusting-screws S S P, the inclination or bevel of the knife or plane-iron can be so adjusted as to bring the cutting-edge thereof down to a plane, L L, which extends from the lower edge of the front end of a plate-spring, M, to the lower edges of the four screws g g.

In advance of the plane-iron C there is a spring-plate or throat-piece M, which is secured to the plane-stock E by means of two screws, B B, which go through slots h h, (made in the plate M,) and screw into the stock.

Furthermore, certain adjusting-screws, D D D, screw down through the stock E, and against the upper surface of the plate M. These screws, with the screws BB, and the slots h h, are to adjust the elastic throat-piece M, or enable it to be perfectly adjusted with reference to the cutting-edge of the plane-iron C.

The implement is to be used in the manner of a common carpenter’s plane, the spring-plate M being first properly adjusted, with reference to the cutting-edge of the plane-iron, so as to cause such edge, when forced against the end of a slab of whalebone, to strike it at the requisite depth.

As soon as the plane-iron enters the slab, the incline f will raise the shaving or part to be split, or force it up from the part below it, so as to split it therefrom.

The spring-plate or throat-piece, operating in conjunction with the knife-edge of the plane f, will not only yield, so as to allow the plane-iron to hit the end of the lab at the proper depth, but will afterward press upon the upper surface of the portion to be removed, and hold the whole down to the bench.

The implement, on being moved forward, will separate a strip of even thickness from the slab, however irregular the slab may be on its upper surface.

I am aware of the plane described in the United States patent, No. 50,947, dated November 14, 1865, and granted to Harrison Ogborn, and I make no claim thereto. My plane differs from it, in having its cutter C sustained by two adjustable supporters A A, which answer not only as means of holding the cutter, but as guides for the shaving, to direct it properly through and out the plane.

My plane also has the elastic throat-piece M. provided with adjustments, by which it can be adjusted both laterally and longitudinally, with respect to the edge of the plane-iron C ; whereas, the throat-piece of Ogborn’s plane is inelastic, and adjustable only laterally, or up and down.

The elastic or spring throat-piece M does not project over the plane-iron, but is arranged in front of it, and with its working end in the same plane with the cutting-edge of the knife C.

In order for the knife C to cut, the throat-piece M must first spring upward, and, while the shaving is being cut, the throat-piece is borne down on it by the inherent elastic force of the throat-piece, the same enabling very thin, and smooth, and even shavings to be removed from the whalebone. Consequently,

What I claim as my invention is as follows :

The combination and arrangement of the spring or elastic throat-piece M, (provided with adjusting-devices, as described,) with the plane-stock E, and the cutter or plane-iron C.

Also, the combination and arrangement of the plane-iron supporters A A, and the clamp-screws g, and adjusting-screws S S P, with the plane-stock E, the cutter C, and the mouth-piece M, provided with devices for adjusting it, as set forth.

J. A. SEVEY.

Witnesses:
R. H. EDDY,
F. P. HALE, Jr.