Tag: Chicago

No. 1,332,919 – Spokeshave (Adolph P. Ritter) (1920)

[paiddownloads id=”725″]1332919

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ADOLPH P. RITTER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

SPOKESHAVE.

_________________

1,332,919. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Mar. 9, 1920.
Application filed March 10, 1919. Serial No. 281,666.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ADOLPH P. RITTER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Spokeshaves; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the drawings and to the numerals of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to an improved type of spokeshave or wood shaving tool, whereon a gage is adjustably mounted and releasably locked in an adjusted position to permit the spoke-shave to be operated to cut a groove of a predetermined width in a piece of wood.

It is an object of this invention to provide a spoke-shave with an adjustable groove gage.

It is also an object of the invention to construct a spoke-shave to permit a gage to be slidably mounted thereon to facilitate the cutting of grooves of uniform width.

Another object of the invention is the construction of a wood shaving tool wherein an adjustable gage mounted on the groove body of the tool is adapted to be held in an adjusted position by means of retaining screws which are positioned to engage in the body grooves.

A further object of this invention is the construction of a spokeshave wherein the margins of the knife slot are provided with scale markings to permit a gage on said spoke-shave to be set in an adjusted position whereby a groove of uniform width can easily be cut by the spoke-shave.

It is furthermore an object of the invention to provide a spoke-shave with an adjustable gage adapted to be set by means of a divided scale so that a groove of uniform width may be conveniently cut in a piece of wood by the spoke-shave blade.

It is an important object of this invention to provide a right and left handed spoke-shave of simple construction adapted to be used with or without an adjustable gage.

Other and further important objects of the invention will be apparent from the disclosures in the drawings and specification.

The invention (in a preferred form) is illustrated in the drawings and hereinafter more fully described.

On the drawings :–

Figure 1 is a bottom plan view of a spoke-shave embodying the principles of this invention.

Fig. 2 is a rear side elevation thereof showing the same set for cutting a groove of a predetermined width in a block of wood.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail section taken on line 3–3 of Fig, 2, with parts in elevation.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged bottom plan view of the spoke-shave with the handles broken od and with the gage removed to show the scale markings.

As shown on the drawings :–

The spoke-shave is made of metal and comprises a body portion or stock 1, having handles 2 secured on opposite ends thereof. The handles may be adjustable if preferred. The bottom surface 3, of the stock 1, is smooth and slightly convexed and is provided with a longitudinal slot 4. Each of the longitudinal margns bordering the slot 4, is provided with a divided scale 5, as clearly shown in Fig. 4. Formed in the stock 1, is an inclined surface 6, having a threaded aperture formed therein. Resting upon the inclined surface 6, is a knife or blade 7, provided with an opening 8, and having the cutting edge positioned to project through the slot 4. A retaining plate 9, is removably placed above the blade 7, and is provided with an integral passaged boss or collar 10. To removably hold the blade 7, and the plate 9, in position, a screw bolt 11, is engaged through the passage collar 10, and through the blade opening 8 and is removably threaded into the threaded opening provided for the purpose in the stock 1. The head of the retaining screw bolt 11, is knurled to permit easy operation of said bolt. The slot 8, permits the blade 7, to be adjusted when the bolt 11, is loosened.

Cut or formed in each of the longitudinal sides of the stock 1, is a guide groove 12, which extends the whole length of the stock and is open at both ends. A channel shaped metal gage 13, is provided, having the ends 14 thereof, bent at an angle and provided with integral guide teeth or tapered projections 15, on the inner surfaces thereof to slidably engage in the stock grooves 12, as shown in Fig. 3. The gage is curved complementally with the convex surface 3, of the stock. Each of the gage ends 14, is provided with a threaded passage to permit a knurled head set screw 16, to be removably or adjustably threaded therethrough to permit the inner end of the screw to lockingly engage in one of the stock grooves 12, for the purpose of holding the gage locked against movement in an adjusted position. As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the spoke-shave is positioned to out a groove or rabbet in a wooden block 17. A notch or recess 18, is provided in the imier surface of the gage 13, to permit the gage to clear the cutting edge of the blade 7.

The operation is as follows :–

The spoke-shave may be made of steel or any other desired metal and the two scales 5, provided on the opposite margins of the slot 4, afford a ready means for setting the adjustable gage 13, in any desired position on the stock 1. To set the gage for cutting a groove in the block of wood 17, the gage screws 16, are loosened and the gage is then moved on the stock 1, until the guiding side of the gage is disposed to register with a selected division marking on the scales 5. As shown in Fig. 1, the gage is set at five-eighths of an inch. The gage is held locked against movement in an adjusted position on the stock 1, by simply tightening the set screws 16, which frictionally engage on the stock grooves 12.

To cut a groove of a selected width in the block of wood 17, the spoke-shave is placed as shown in Fig. 2, with one side of the gage abutting the side of the block to act as a guide for the spoke-shave. The spoke-shave is operated by means of the handles 2, and the cutting edge of the blade 7, will out a groove of uniform width in the block 9. The spoke-shave may be used as either a left handed or right handed tool, and the gage may be set with respect to either ends of the scales 5. The spoke-shave may be used on either straight or curved pieces of wood. When desired, the gage may be completely removed from the stock 1, and the spoke shave used without the gage.

I am aware that many changes may be made, and numerous details of construction varied through a wide range without departing from the principles of this invention, and I therefore do not purpose limiting the patent granted otherwise than necessitated by the prior art.

I claim as my invention :–

The combination with a spoke-shave having similar guide grooves in the sides thereof, of a gage, means integrally formed on said gage adapted to slidably engage in said guide grooves and thus maintain the gage in slidable contact with the spoke shave, and set screws projecting through said means and adapted to engage in said grooves to hold said gage locked against movement in an adjusted position on said spoke-shave.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ADOLPH P. RITTER.

Witnesses:
LAWRENCE REIBSTEIN,
SPENCER W. GIBBS.

No. 1,157,594 – Bench Plane (Theodore G. Selleck) (1915)

[paiddownloads id=”705″]1157594

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

THEODORE G. SELLECK, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO JOHN L. DEPPEN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

1,157,594. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Oct. 19, 1915.
Application filed January 26, 1914. Serial No. 814,479. Renewed March 17, 1915. Serial No. 15,055.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THEODORE G. SELLECK, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to bench-planes, and its object is to provide a structure which permits the bit to be quickly and easily removed for sharpening, without disturbing the adjusting means thereof.

The invention also has for its object to provide novel and improved means for adjusting the bit.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be pointed out in the detailed description appearing hereinafter, and in order that the same may be better understood, reference is had to the accompanying drawings, in which —

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a bench plane constructed in accordance with the present invention; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section on the line 2–2 of Fig. 4; Fig. 3 is a sectional detail showing a slightly modified form of bit; Fig. 4 is a section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5–5 of Fig. 1, and Fig. 6 is a section on the line 6–6 of Fig. 4.

Referring specifically to the drawing the stock of the plane is of conventional form, the same comprising a sole 10, side or check-pieces 11, a rear hand grip 12 and a forward knob 13. The sole has a slot 14 through which the bit 15 protrudes.

The bit 15 is carried by a member 16 which is pivotally mounted between the side pieces 11 in a manner to be presently described. By thus pivoting the bit carrier the same may be rotated to take the bit out of the slot 14 as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 1, the bit then pointing upward and being free of the side pieces, in which position it is readily accessible for the purpose of removal. The axis of rotation of the bit carrier is transverse of the stock. The bit carrier 16 tapers toward the end which carries the bit 15, said end having a dovetailed transverse groove 17 in which the bit seats and is held, the rear portion of the bit being shaped to fit in the groove.

The following clamping means for the bit 15 is provided: In the under side of the bit carrier 16 is a threaded aperture to receive a screw 18. This aperture is so located that it intersects the inner end of the groove 17, thus allowing a portion of the back of the bit to extend into the aperture, at the place where the beveled side of the screw head 19 seats, the aperture being countersunlr to accommodate said screw head. By working the screw inward, the beveled side of the head is forced against the back of the bit, and the bit is forced forward to a rigid seat in the groove. The bit can be readily removed by sliding it along the groove, after backing the screw.

Fig. 3 shows a slightly modified form of bit, its inner end having a shoulder 20 which abuts against the end of the bit carrier 16. The bit carrier 16 is a hollow casting having side openings 21. The sides of the bit carrier are flat and parallel, and its width is such that it has a small amount of side play between the side pieces 11. The bit carrier is carried by a yoke, the side arms 22 of which latter seat in longitudinal grooves 23 in the sides of the bit carrier. The connecting bar 24 of the yoke extends across and in spaced relation with the rear end of the bit carrier, or that end which is opposite the end carrying the bit 15. The bar 24 has, midway between its ends, an aperture in which is held an adjusting screw 25 which is threaded through a block 26 carried by the bit carrier, the latter having an aperture 27 to accommodate the inner end of the screw. The screw is held against travel in the direction of its length by its head 27a and a collar or washer 28 located, respectively, on opposite sides of the bar 24. Thus, it will be seen that when the screw is operated, the bit carrier is moved baclr and forth between the arms 22 to regulate the degree of protrusion of the bit through the slot 14.

The yoke is pivoted to the side pieces 11, which provides the hereinbefore described pivotal support for the bit carrier 16. The pivotal connection is made by pivot screws 29 passing through the side pieces and threaded into the arms 22 of the yoke. The heads 30 of the pivot screws are countersunk in the side pieces, and their shanks are devoid of threads where they pass through the side pieces, which enables the bit carrier to be swung without causing the pivot screws to tighten up.

The block 26 seats against the rear end of the bit carrier 16 between outstanding spaced ribs 31 and 32 on the latter, and it is pivoted at one end so that it may swing outward from the end of the bit carrier. The pivotal connection is made by a pin 33 passing through the block and held at its ends in the ribs 31 and 32. The free end of the block is shaped to form a half nut, the thread 34 of which fits in the groove of a worm 35 seating in a recess in the end of the bit carrier, and mounted on a pivot screw 36 carried by the latter. The worm carries a small projecting finger-piece 37 for operating the same.

Upon turning the worm 35 in one direction, by means of the finger-piece 37, the block 26 swings outward from the bit carrier 16, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 4, and it is swung back toward the bit carrier upon turning the worm in the opposite direction. This movement of the block reults in giving the bit carrier a sidewise tilt to line up the slot 14.

In order to prevent the bit carrier 16 from rocking when the tool is in use, a stout spring latch 38 is provided, the same being secured to the sole 10 and having its free end offset and shaped to snap under the bar 24. When the latch is in holding position, the rear end of the bit carrier cannot swing downward, and it is prevented from swinging upward by the bit 15 engaging the rear wall of the slot 14. Upon disengaging the latch from the yoke bar, the bit carrier may be swung to the dotted line position shown in Fig. 1, for the purpose stated hereinbefore.

I claim:

1. A bench-plane comprising a stock having side-pieces, a yoke pivotally mounted between the side-pieces, a bit carrier carried by the yoke and adjustable in the direction of its length, and means for locking the yoke.

2. A bench-plane comprising a stock having side-pieces, a yoke pivotally mounted between the side-pieces, a bit carrier carried by the yoke, an adjusting screw carried by the yoke and having a threaded engagement with the bit carrier, and means for locking the yoke.

3. A bench-plane comprising a stock having side-pieces, a yoke pivotally mounted between the side-pieces, a bit carrier having longitudinal side grooves, in which the yoke arms seat, means for adjusting the bit carrier in the direction of its length, and means for locking the yoke.

4. A bench-plane comprising a stock having side-pieces, a yoke pivotally mounted between the side-pieces, a bit carrier carried by the yoke and adjustable sidewise and in the direction of its length, and means for locking the yoke.

5. A bench-plane comprising a stock having side-pieces, a yoke pivotally mounted between the side-pieces, a bit carrier carried by the yoke, a pivoted member carried by the bit carrier, an adjusting screw carried by the yoke and having a threaded engagement with the pivoted member, a worm carried by the bit carrier and having a threaded engagement with the free end of the pivoted member, and means for locking the yoke.

6. A bench-plane comprising a stock, a bit carrier, a support for the bit carrier carried by the stock, a pivoted member carried by the bit carrier, an adjusting screw carried by the support and having a threaded engagement with the pivoted member, and a worm carried by the bit carrier, and having a threaded engagement with the free end of the pivoted member.

In testimonv whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

THEODORE G. SELLECK.

Witnesses:
S. J. LEHRER,
H. W. BATCHELOR.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 869,016 – Extension-Plane (John V. Petrusich) (1907)

[paiddownloads id=”649″]869016

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN V. PETRUSICH, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

EXTENSION-PLANE.

_________________

869,016. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Oct. 22, 1907.
Application filed June 17, 1907. Serial No. 379,311.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN V. PETRUSICH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Extension-Plane, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in planes.

It is well known that carpenters and others using this class of tool find occasion to use several sizes of the same and the object of this invention is to provide what may be termed an extension plane or a plane in which the several essential sizes of the tool are combined in one.

With this and other objects in view the invention consists in the construction and combination of parts to be hereinafter described, pointed out and claimed in the following specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:–

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the device complete. Fig. 2 is a detail of a slotted bar and pin therefor used for locking the extension members. Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing in dotted lines the position of the extension members when the plane is closed. Fig. 4 is an end of the device partly in section and taken on line d–d Fig. 9. Fig. 5 is a view in section of Fig. 4 taken on line a–a. Fig. 6 is a detail perspective of the rack employed in the extension portion of the device. Fig. 7 is a plan view of the plane closed. Fig. 8 is a front view of Fig. 7, partly in section, and taken on the line b–b. Fig. 9 is a section taken on line c–c of Fig. 7.

Like reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views.

The reference numeral 2 represents a plane of ordinary or preferred construction having longitudinal sockets 2a opening in either extremity of the side walls 2b of the plane and running horizontally and parallel with each other as shown in Fig. 3.

The numeral 3 represents extension rods adapted to fit slidably into the sockets 2a and having graduations 4 on their lateral surfaces for measuring off the work. Roller-carriers 7 are provided at the external extremities of the extension rods as shown in section in Fig. 4 and as shown complete in Fig. 1, in which are pivoted the rollers 8 for the purpose of carrying the plane smoothly over the work. A brace 6 connects either pair of roller-carriers as shown in Fig. 7 for the purpose of holding the extension rods rigidly parallel.

Either roller-carrier arranged on either left-hand extension rod is recessed on the surface adjacent the roller so that it may carry a rack 10 provided with a slot 11 which engages the pivot of the roller 8. Each left-hand roller-carrier is fiuther provided with a worm 9 which engages the rack 10 for the purpose of raising and lowering the same as shown in detail in Figs. 4 and 5. When the rack 10 is dropped below the lelt-hand edge of the work it serves as a lateral drop guide to keep the plane flush with that edge of the work as shown in Fig. 1.

12 represents a knob of the plane provided with a screw 13 running the entire length of the same and protruding beyond the lower extremity thereof.

14 represents the upper section of a clamp slidably arranged on the extension rods and provided with a threaded aperture to receive the screw 13 protruding from the knob 12 which is seated on said portion of the clamp.

14a is the lower section of the clamp arranged on the extension rods in a manner similar to the upper portion and provided with a threaded aperture to receive the screw 13 that extends through the upper portion of the clamp. By turning the knob 12 to the right the sections of the clamp 14 and 14a are drawn together and are caused to grip the extension rods firmly thus affording rigid handles to the plane.

15–15 represents a pair of slotted bars arranged on the side walls of the plane by means of the screws 16 movable with said bars. The screws 16 extend vertically through the side walls of the plane to the sockets 2a and when the slotted bars are turned at right angles with the side walls of the plane the screws 16 engage the extension rods resting within the said sockets and hold them firmly.

17 represents a horizontal connecting link pivoted at 18 and engaging the slotted bars 15 in the manner shown in Fig. 7. By turning this horizontal link until it lies in a straight angle with the two slotted bars it will cause the screws 16 to engage the extension rods as above described. Thus it will be seen, the extension rods can be partly withdrawn from their sockets and locked in that position.

Either end of the plane is provided with similar extension apparatus and hence a description of that on one end is a description of the apparatus on the other.

Having fully described my invention, what I wish to claim and secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. In a plane, extension means journaled in the side walls thereof, a sliding clamp mounted on said extension means, a knob seated on said sliding clamp and supporting means terminally carried by said extension means substantially as described.

2. In a plane, extension means journaled in the side walls thereof, an extension stop carried on the side walls thereof, a sliding clamp mounted on said extension means, a knob seated on said sliding clamp, roller-carriers terminally arranged on said extension means, a roller pivoted within said roller-carriers and a lateral drop guide carried by said roller-carrier substantially as described.

3. In Combination with a plane having longitudinal sockets in the side walls thereof, sliding extension rods arranged therein, a. sliding screw-actuated clamp arranged on said extension rods, a knob seated on said clamp by which the same may be anchored or released, roller-carriers terminally carried by said extension rods, a roller pivotally carried by said roller carriers, a brace 6 connecting said roller-carriers and a worm and rack carried by said roller-carriers substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto affixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

JOHN V. PETRUSICH.

Witnesses:
ROSE GREENBERG,
FREDERICK RINDLER.

No. 779,392 – Plane (Otto Bjordal) (1905)

[paiddownloads id=”615″]779392

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

OTTO BJORDAL, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 779,392, dated January 3, 1905.
Application filed April 2, 1904. Serial No. 201,362.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OTTO BJORDAL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Plane, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in planes which are provided with an adjustable blade and a handle to manipulate the same; and the objects of my improvement are, first, to provide a cam under the lower end of the blade to adjust the same; second, to provide a set-screw to assist in adjusting the blade; third, to afford facilities for shifting the upper end of the blade to either side; fourth, to provide a cheap and simple construction of the cap cam-lever; fifth, to provide means whereby the plane-handle can be filted into any desired position, and other objects which will become apparent from the description to follow. I attain these objects by the construction shown in the accompanying drawing.

Heretofore planes of this class were provided with means for adjusting the blade which required the blade to slide longitudinally while being tightly clamped in position. This construction often made it impossible to make a fine adjustment. With my construction the adjustment of the blade is accomplished by slightly bending or springing the blade and without moving the blade longitudinally in its bearing. This is made possible by placing a cam-shaft under the lower end of the blade, which has a lever connected to one end, and by moving the said lever forward and back the cam-shaft is rocked in its bearing so as to lower and raise the cutting edge of the blade. To securely hold the blade against any longitudinal movement, I provide a set-screw in the bed or frame of the plane, which is brought to bear against the head of the screw, which locks the blade and fore guide together. This construction enables the user to adjust the cutting edge of the blade to a thousandth part of an inch, or even finer, if found necessary, without the slightest danger of the blade being forced out of the adjustment while the plane is in use, as often occurs with the present construction of planes.

When the cutting edge of the blade is not ground exactly or straight across, it requires that the upper end of the blade be shifted from side to side. I accomplish this side movement by providing a rotatable disk in the blade, the upper exposed side of the disk being provided with a lever or thumb-piece and the lower side of the disk being provided with an eccentric-pin which engages a slot in the bed or frame of the plane.

The cap cam-lever of my device is pivoted in the end of the cap by having two oppositely-extending lugs resting in sockets provided in the cap, and no rivet or pin is used, as is the casein the present construction of planes.

It is often desirable for convenience while working to have the inclination of the handle of the plane changed, depending on the height of the mechanic using the plane and the height of the work from the floor. I make provision for such adjustment by having a curved slotted plate on the body of the plane and a headed bolt on the handle to move in said slot and a means for clamping the bolt securely in any position in the slot.

Referring to the drawing, similar reference characters refer to similar parts.

The body of the plane 10 is provided with the ordinary well or socket 11 for the reception of the blade 12 and its cooperating parts. While I have shown and will describe my invention in connection with a wooden plane it will be understood that the same can be applied to a metal plane.

The blade 12 is clamped tightly to the fore guide 18 in the ordinary manner by the screw 14. A bed-plate or frame 15 is rigidly secured to the oblique bottom of the well 11, and the blade 12 and fore guide 13 are tightly clamped to the same in the ordinary manner by the cap 16 and the cap-screw 17. The cap-lever 18 is pivotally attached to the cap by having its integral lugs 19 set into the sockets 20, provided in the cap 16, the cap 16 being slotted between the sockets 20 to permit the free passage of the lever 18. I provide a leaf-spring 21, riveted to the lower side of the cap, whose free end rests against the under side of the lever 18 and retains the lugs 19 in their cooperating sockets. The leaf-spring 21 also serves as a bearing-surface when the lever is operated. A depression or socket 22 is provided in the upper surface of the bed-plate 15 for the reception of the head of the screw 14, the depression 22 being somewhat larger than the head of the screw 14. A set-screw 23 is secured in the bed-plate 15, so arranged that it can be screwed against the head of the screw 14, and thus force the blade 12 down to any desired adjustment and also serves to prevent the blade from shifting upward when the plane is being used.

The blade 12 is intended to be set by the set-screw 23 so that it will make the very thickest cut desired, and to change the position of the blade to make a finer cut an elliptical or oval-shaped shaft 24 is mounted in a suitable groove in the bed-plate 15 under the lower end of the blade 12, which when rotated in one direction will lift the lower end of the blade 12, reducing the opening between the cutting edge and the body of the plane and when rotated in the reverse direction will allow the lower end of the blade 12 to return to its normal position. In certain constructions it may be desirable to place a plate between the shaft 24 and the lower end of the blade 12. To provide a convenient means for partly rotating the shaft 24, a flat lever 26 is rigidly secured to one end of the shaft 24 and extends upward beside the blade 12 to within easy reach of the operator.

I prefer to have the relative arrangement of the parts so that when the lever 26 is in its forward position to allow the blade 12 to assume its normal and lowermost position. To retain the lever 26 in any position, I provide a sheet-metal plate 27 between the lever 26 and the edge of the blade 12, securing it in place by a screw 28, which is screwed into the bed-plate 15, and to assist in holding said plate 27 firmly the shaft 24 passes through a hole in said plate. The upper edge of the plate 27 is bent out toward the lever 26 and is provided with ratchet-teeth 29, and that portion of the lever 26 contacting with the teeth 29 is provided with an extending edge or lip to cooperate with said teeth. The lever 26 is attached to the shaft 24 in such a manner that it will normally be held against the teeth 29, and when it is desired to move the lever forward it is first sprung out away from the teeth 29. To relieve this side strain on the lever from coming on the connection between the lever 26 and the shaft 24 and also to assist in holding the lever 26 against the teeth 29, a portion of the lower edge of the plate 27 is folded back against the lever 26, as at 30.

When the cutting edge of the blade 12 is not parallel with the base of the plane, it becomes necessary to move the upper end of the blade 12 to one side or the other, as the case may require, and to accomplish this side movement relative to the bed-plate 15 I provide a hole 31 in the blade 12, in which a disk 32 is mounted to rotate in the plane of the l blade. The under side of the disk 32 is provided with the eccentric-pin 33, which extends into the groove 34, provided in the bed-plate 15. A lever or thumb-piece 35 is provided on the upper side of the disk 32 to conveniently rotate the same. The disk 32 may be rotatably secured in the hole 31 in any desired manner; but I have found that a simple and cheap mode of effecting this is to have the under side of the hole beveled, as seen in Fig. 2, and have the edge of the disk swaged out at two points, as seen in Fig. 4, to rest against the beveled portion of the hole 31 and prevent the disk from being removed from said hole. The hole 31 may be provided with two notches which will register with the two swaged-out points on the disk when the disk is turned to a certain position, and thus permit the removal of the disk from the hole.

The blade 12 from constant use and regrinding is reduced in length, and to provide for the side adjustment of the blade at different lengths a plurality of holes 31 may be provided in the blade.

The handle 36 of the plane is made adjustable by securing a slotted plate 37 to the top of the body of the plane 10. A groove 33, larger than the slot 39, is made in the plate below the slot, and a bolt 40, secured in the handle, passes through the slot 39 and has its head resting in the groove 38. To secure the bolt 40 in the handle 36 and at the same time clamp the same to the plate 37, I provide an elongated nut 42 to be screwed on the end of the bolt 40 and rest against a shoulder 43, provided in the handle 36. The nut 42 has its end exposed and arranged to he turned by a wrench or screw-driver. The plate 37 and therefore the groove 38 and slot 39 are made to coincide with the arc of a circle, and to change the inclination of the handle 36 with relation to the plane 10 the nut 42 is loosened, the handle is moved along on the plate 37 to the desired position, and then the nut 42 is again tightened.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is —

1. In a plane, means for adjusting the cutting edge of the blade comprising a cam-shaft extending parallel with said cutting edge so arranged that the cutting edge of the blade will be raised and lowered by rotating said shaft.

2. In a plane, a blade clamped against the body, a groove in the body under the lower edge of the blade a cam-shaft resting in said groove, and a hand-lever rigidly secured to said cam-shaft, said parts being so connected and arranged that the cutting edge of the blade will be sprung by moving said hand-lever.

3. In a plane, a blade clamped against the body, a set-screw secured to the blade, a set-screw adjustably secured in the body contacting with the former set-screw to limit the longitudinal movement of the blade, a groove in the body under the lower edge of the blade, a cam-shaft resting in said groove, a friction-plate between the cam-shaft and the blade, a hand-lever rigidly secured to one end of said cam-shaft, and a rack secured to the body with which said hand-lever contacts to be retained in position, said parts being so arranged that the movement of the lever in one direction will spring the blade to raise the cutting edge, and a movement of said lever in the opposite direction will lower said cutting edge.

In testimony whereof l have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two sub scribing witnesses, this 28th day of March 5 1904, at Chicago, Illinois.

OTTO BJORDAL.

Witnesses:
R. J. JACKER,
R. R. SYMONS.

No. 763,527 – Cutting-Tool (Augustus E. Venn) (1904)

[paiddownloads id=”604″]763527

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

AUGUSTUS E. VENN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

CUTTING-TOOL.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 763,527, dated June 28, 1904.
Application filed October 5, 1903. Serial No. 175,902. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, AUGUSTUS E. VENN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cutting-Tools, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to cutting-tools, and particularly to tools adapted to cut grooves in wood or other material to be operated upon; and its object is to provide a new and improved means by which, by the rotation of the cutter in the tool, grooves of different shapes may be cut in the work.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section on line 1 1 of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a top or plan view with one of the handles broken away. Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail, being an isometric view of a part of the support by means of which the cutter is secured to the stock. Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail, being an isometric view of a cross-bar by which one end of the support shown in Fig. 3 is secured to the stock. Fig. 5 is a detail, being a view of the gage, partly broken away; and Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic view showing several shapes which may be given to the cutting edge of the cutter.

As shown in the drawings and as preferably constructed, my invention is embodied in the form of a grooving-plane.

7 indicates the stock, and 8 the bit or cutter.

9 indicates a support which is provided with a cross-piece 10, preferably integral therewith, having its two ends bent up at right angles, as is best shown in Fig. 3, and of such length as to fit closely between the sides of the stock 7. The under side of the support 9 is rounded out, as is best shown in Fig. 3, to conform to the shape of the handle of the bit or cutter 8.

11 indicates a cross-piece which is bent at right angles at its ends and is of such length that the bent-up ends may fit snugly between the sides of the stock 7.

The support 9 is provided at the opposite end from the cross-piece 10 with a projection 12, and the cross-piece 11 is provided with a recessed portion 13 on its upper side, into which the projection 12 will snugly fit.

14 indicates a stirrup which is adapted to surround the rounded portion of the bit or cutter 8 and to pass around the support 9. It is provided on its upper surface with a screw-threaded opening into which a thumb-screw 15 may be screwed.

The bent ends of the cross-piece 10 and of the cross-piece 11 are provided with suitable screw-threaded openings by means of which they may be secured between the sides of the stock. The projection 12 of the support 9 is provided with screw-threaded openings and the recessed portion of the cross-piece 11 with corresponding openings, through which screws may pass to engage the screw-threaded openings in the projection 12 for the purpose of fastening the parts together.

The support 9 is placed between the sides of the stock with its hollowed rounded surface facing downward and is secured to the stock by suitable screws passing through the sides of the stock and into the screw-threaded openings in the bent ends of the cross-piece 10. The stirrup 14 is then placed in position around the support 9, the cross-piece 11 placed in position and fastened by screws to the sides of the stock, and the projection 12 is secured in place in the recess 13 by means of suitable screws.

The bit 8 is cylindrical at its upper end and is provided at its lower end with a cutting portion 16. The bit is provided with a proper clearance above the cutting portion, through which the shavings may pass, as is best shown in Fig. 2.

The cutting edge of the tool may be of various shapes, of which several are illustrated in Fig. 6. The cutter, being placed in position between the support 9 and the stirrup 14, may be adjusted longitudinally of itself, so that a proper amount of the cutting edge may project below the sole of the stock 7 through the usual opening therein, and is locked in position by turning the thumb-screw 15, which will cause the stirrup 14 to move up toward the support 9, firmly binding the cylindrical portion of the cutter between the stirrup and the support. It will be obvious that by rotating the cutter 8 upon its longitudinal axis, which it is obvious can be accomplished by loosening the set-screw 15 and then screwing it home when the desired amount of rotation is made, a different-shaped cutting edge will project below the sole of the stock 7 and a different-shaped groove thereby cut in the work.

17 (see Fig. 2) indicates handles, of which one is cut away upon one side to show the gage hereinafter described. The handles are secured to the stock in any appropriate way.

18 indicates a pin which is cylindrical in shape and has upon its ends screw-threaded portions 19. The sides of the stock 7 are provided with cylindrical openings 20 21, through which the cylindrical pin 18 may pass, and opposite the openings 20 21 are screw-threaded openings 22 23, which are adapted to engage with the screw-threaded ends of the pin.

24 indicates a gage which is provided with a suitable opening through which the pin 18 passes and which is secured in any desired position upon the pin 18 by means of a set-screw 25. It will be obvious that by this construction the gage can be used upon either side of the tool.

That which I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. The combination with a support, of a bit-iron mounted in said support adjustable longitudinally of itself therein and adapted to be rotated on its longitudinal axis and by its rotation to present a different-shaped cutting edge to the work, and means for locking said bit-iron in any desired position, substantially as described.

2. The combination with a plane-stock, of a bit-iron mounted in said stock adjustable longitudinally of itself therein and adapted to project its cutting edge below the sole of said stock, said bit-iron being rotatable on its longitudinal axis and having a cutting edge of such shape that by said rotation of said bit-iron grooves of different shape may be cut, and means for locking said bit-iron in any desired position, substantially as described.

3. The combination with a support of a cutting-tool adjustably mounted in said support adapted to be rotated on its longitudinal axis and having a tubular end provided with a cutting edge adapted by the rotation of said cutting-tool to present a different-shaped cutting edge tothe work, and means for locking said cutting-tool in any desired position, substantially as described.

4. The combination with a stock, a support secured to said stock, a stirrup surrounding said support, a set-screw carried by said stirrup adapted to bear upon one side of said support, a cutter having a shank adapted to be engaged between said support and said stirrup, said cutter being adapted to be rotated upon its longitudinal axis and having a cutting edge of such shape that by the rotation of said cutter grooves of different shape may be cut, substantially as described.

AUGUSTUS E. VENN.

Witnesses:
MINNIE A. HUNTER,
HELEN M. COLLIN.

No. 526,154 – Plane-Iron (William F. Kellett) (1894)

[paiddownloads id=”508″]526154

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLIAM F. KELLETT, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

PLANE-IRON.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 526,154, dated September 18, 1894.
Application filed June 12, 1893. Serial No. 477,383. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM F. KELLETT, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Plane-Irons; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

The invention relates to that class of plane irons in which the cutter or blade is quite thin and is supported by a separate, rigid back plate.

The invention has for its object the improvement of the cap piece so as to more securely hold the blade and prevent its vibrations.

It consists in the use of a cap having a transverse rib between its edge and the main screw, the cap being rigid between the rib and the screw and elastically flexible below the rib and being so formed that when applied it must be depressed by the action of the wedge, ordinarily used in securing plane-irons, before the rib comes into contact with the blade.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1, is a longitudinal section of the plane iron on the line 1–1 of Fig. 2. Fig. 2, is a plan view of the iron. Fig. 3, is a perspective of the cap. Fig. 4 is a sectional view on the line 1–1 of Fig. 2, with the outline of the body of the plane in dotted lines.

The blade is shown at A. It is of finely tempered steel and is quite thin so that in sharpening there is no superfluous metal to cut away. This blade rests upon a back plate B, of softer metal but of greater thickness so as to be quite rigid. The back plate reaches approximately to the cutting end of the blade, and preferably has a slight rib as shown at h, across its end for contact with the blade so that the latter does not rest flatly against the surface of the back plate, the space between the two being so slight, however, that in drawing them together by means of the binding screw the flexure of the blade is scarcely perceptible. This feature is not new in this application.

The cap consists of a rigid body portion b, falling short of reaching the cutting edge of the blade A, by approximately one-half inch, and a flexible extension piece a, secured firmly to the under side and at the lower end of the body portion by the rivets e, and reaching approximately to the end of the blade. This cap extension is bowed outwardly from the end of the body portion, its lower edge being curved downwardly so as to cross the plane of its upper end. The body portion, b, of the cap is provided with the ordinary screw threaded aperture, c’, within which is set the main screw, c, which extends through longitudinal slots in the blade A, and back plate B, its head binding against the under surface of the back plate B, so as to draw the cap down upon the blade A, interposed between the cap and the backing piece. When the three members are first brought together the cap touches the blade only at its extreme ends. The main screw is turned up so as to draw them firmly together but not sufficiently to bring the rib, d, into contact with the blade. When the iron is adjusted to the plane H and the wedge K driven to its place the cap is still further depressed so as to bring the rib d, firmly against the blade A. It is important that the cap bear firmly against the lower end of the blade. This is certainly attained only by depending upon the wedge K to depress the cap at the rib, for were the main screw to be relied upon for this purpose there would be danger of bowing the cap downwardly between the rib and the screw, thereby causing its lower end to tilt upwardly, at least to relieve the pressure of the flexible end upon the blade. Heretofore it has been usual to secure a blade of this character by a cap having no bearing between the main screw and its edge. The result has been that the blade has, particularly when used on hard wood, bowed upwardly from the back plate; that is, the end of the back plate has served as a fulcrum upon which it has turned. The stiffness and elasticity of the blade have brought it back quickly to its normal form, and as a result of the conflicting action — the pressure at the edge tending to bow the blade, its stiffness and elasticity tending to preserve its original form — the blade has been caused to vibrate rapidly, to the manifest detriment of the tool.

By the construction herein shown and described an unyielding, intermediate point, or line of bearing, is secured at d, sufficiently removed from the edge of the blade to wholly counteract this tendency, and a cap is provided which under all conditions holds the blade immovably to its seat upon the back plate. At fand f’, are shown a bolt and nut for securing the upper end of the blade to the back plate in the usual manner.

While I show and describe the cap as of two pieces secured together it is obvious that it may be of a single piece provided it meet the conditions of having a firm transverse rib between its edge and the main screw, and is substantially inflexible between this rib and the main screw, and flexible and elastic below the rib, and has its flexible portion curved so that its edge falls below the rib, thereby insuring a close joint between the edge of the cap and the blade.

I am aware that it is known to secure a bearing above the edge of the cap by the use of a supplemental flexible cap interposed between the rigid cap and the blade, but such construction does not meet the requirement for a firm bearing upon the blade to prevent its vibration.

I claim as my invention —

l. In a plane iron, the combination with a thin cutting blade, A, of a rigid back plate, B, for supporting the blade, and a cap for covering the blade, such cap comprising a rigid portion, b, having bearings at its upper and lower ends upon the blade, and a flexible extension, a, adapted to bear upon the blade contiguous to its cutting edge, substantially as described and forthe purpose specified.

2. The combination in a plane iron, with a thin cutting blade and a rigid back plate for carrying the same, of a cap piece comprising a rigid portion b, and an elastic extension piece a, secured to the under side of the lower end of the portion b; and being bowed outwardly, its extreme end normally crossing the plane of its inner or attached end, and being adapted to bear against the blade contiguous to its cutting edge, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

3. The combination in a plane iron, with a thin cutting blade and ia rigid back plate for carrying the same, of a cap piece having a transverse rib and being elastic below this rib and rigid above it and being so curved that when applied to the blade the rib does not touch the blade until the cap is compressed, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

4. In a plane iron, the combination of a rigid back plate, a flexible cutting blade carried by the back plate, and a cap piece having its lower end flexible and its upper portion rigid and having a transverse rib at the juncture of the flexible and rigid portions and being adapted to bear upon the blade, whereby positive contact is insured between the blade and the back plate directly below the rib when tl1e iron is adjusted to the plane, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof I affix my signaturein presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM F. KELLETT.

Witnesses:
T. A. KELLETT,
SAMUEL LEGER.

No. 426,636 – Plane-Bit (Henry Condron) (1890)

[paiddownloads id=”462″]426636

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

HENRY CONDRON, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR OF
ONE-HALF TO WILLIAM H. BARRY, OF SAME PLACE.

PLANE-BIT.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 426,636, dated April 29, 1890.
Application filed February 10, 1890. Serial No. 339,795. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY CONDRON, of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Plane-Bits, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a plane-bit embodying the features of my invention. Fig. 2 is a front view of the same, and Fig. 3 is a central longitudinal sectional view thereof.

Like letters of reference in the different figures indicate like parts.

My invention relates to that class of plane-bits in which the chisel or cutting portion is made from a thin plate of steel supported by a back plate of inferior metal. This construction, while possessing many advantages, is subject to the objection that a considerable vibration thereof is produced in planing hard woods, which makes it impossible to produce satisfactory work with it.

The object of my invention is to overcome this objection by providing a supplemental clamp-plate, by which the thin chisel-plate is supported at the point of greatest strain, while the usual clamp-plate is retained to regulate the “bite” of the chisel; all of which is hereinafter more particularly described, and definitely pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the drawings, a represents the plane-chisel, which consists of a thin plate of steel, having the usual chisel-edge a’, Fig. 3.

b is the back plate, and c the usual front or clamping plate bent, as shown at c’, and having the usual thin tapered edge c2, as shown, which is intended to be adjusted near to the chisel-edge a’, according to the work to be done, said tapered edge of the clamping-plate being preferably below the end b’ of the back plate b.

The chisel, back plate, and clamp-plate are attached to each other by means of the usual clamp-screw d. It will be seen that a pressure upon the point a’ of the chisel tends to bend said chisel back over the edge b’ of the back plate, which forms a fulcrum therefor. To overcome this tendency, I interpose a supplemental clamp-plate e between the chisel a and clamp-plate c, which supplemental plate is bent at e’, and the edge of which bears upon the chisel-plate above the edge b’ of the back plate b and at the point of greatest vibration in said chisel-plate. It is obvious that upon clamping the respective plates together, as shown, by means of the clamp-screw, the pressure upon the chisel-plate a is as great above as below the lower end of the back plate. I have found in actual practice that all vibration of the chisel is thereby obviated.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. The combination, in a plane-bit, of a chisel consisting of a thin plate of steel, a back plate, a clamp-plate having its edge below the edge of the back plate, and an interposed supplemental clamp-plate having its bearing edge upon the plane-chisel above the lower edge of the back plate, substantially as shown and described.

2. The combination, in a plane-bit, of the chisel a, back plate b, clamp-plate c, supplemental clamp-plate e, and a clamp-screw for holding the same in the respective positions with relation to each other, substantially as shown and described.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 6th day of February, 1890.

HENRY CONDRON.

Witnesses:
D. H. FLETCHER,
J. B. HALPENNY.

No. 417,144 – Spokeshave (Isaac Camier) (1889)

[paiddownloads id=”457″]417144

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ISAAC CAMIER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

SPOKESHAVE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 417,144, dated December 10, 1889.
Application filed March 23, 1889. Serial No. 304,516. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ISAAC CAMIER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Spokeshaves; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to certain improvements in the type of spokeshaves shown and described in Letters Patent No. 395,738, issued me January 8, 1889; and the present improvements have for their objects, first, to provide an improved construction which, while furnishing ample and effective means for clamping and holding the cutter-bit, will admit of the use of almost the whole of the same to accommodate for wear due to constant resharpening; second, to afford a simple and effective means for adjusting the cutter-bit to its proper cutting position; third, to provide an efficient and ready means whereby the working-face of the “shave” can be adjusted to suit any desired curvature, either concave or convex; fourth, to provide means for effecting a lateral adjustment of the cutter-bit within the throat of the shave, so as to effect a uniform projection of the cutting-point with relation to the face of the shave; fifth, to afford a simple, cheap, and effective construction for attaching in a non-rotary condition the adjusting-screw to the top of the cutter-bit. I attain such objects by the construction and arrangement of parts illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which —

Figure 1 is an elevation, in the direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 2, of a spokeshave constructed in accordance with my invention; Fig. 2, a transverse axial section of the same; Fig. 3, a detail section at line x x, Fig. 1; Fig. 4, an elevation of the back of the cutter-bit; Fig. 5, an elevation of the clamping-plate.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts in the several views.

The body or stock A of the shave is provided with the usual side wings B, by which the spokeshave is grasped and manipulated by the operator. The cutter-bit C, as in my former patent above referred to, will lit snugly within the throat of the stock A, so as to be guided thereby in its adjustment, and its upper end will be formed with inturned lips c, that form an attaching-recess to receive the headed end d of the screw D, by which the adjustment of the cutter-bit is effected.

In the present improvement the head d of the screw D is formed by a cylindrical transversely-extending shank or end d, over which engages the circular part of the notch c’ in the upper end of the cutter-bit, the contracted portion of said notch, that extends to the upper end of the bit, being made flaring, so as to admit of a lateral adjustment of the cutter-bit with the rounded shank d as a fulcrum-point for such adjustment, as hereinafter more fully set forth. By this means a very cheap and effective attachment of the parts is effected.

As distinguished from my former patent, the present construction of the adjusting-screw consists as follows: The upper end of the inclined back standard A’ of the shave-stock A is formed with a laterally or transversely slotted head A2, within the slot of which is arranged the adjusting thumb-nut E of the screw D in such a manner as to be capable of free rotary movement without any capability of a movement in line with the axis of its screw D, so that as it is rotated by the thumb and finger of the operator it will raise or lower the screw D and with it cutter-bit C in accordance with the direction in which it is rotated.

In the present improvement the clamping-plate G, by which the cutter-bit C is firmly clamped at its required adjustment, is held in place within the throat of the stock in a pivotal manner by being slipped under the overhanging inwardly-projecting lugs a at the sides of the throat of the stock A, recesses g being formed in the top edges of the clamping-plate to partly receive such lugs, so that the plate will be held from any other than a pivotal movement.

The usual clamping-screw may be used at the top of the plate G to effect the pivotal movement of such plate so as to clamp or release the cutter-bit, as set forth in my former patent. However, I prefer the following improved construction.

h h are a pair of counterpart lugs or ears centrally arranged at the upper end of the clamping-plate G, between which is pivoted the lever-cam H, the cam portion of which is adapted to bear upon the cutter-bit. so that when turned it will pivotally move the clamping-plate G to either clamp or release said cutter-bit.

The cam portion of the lever-cam will be made of some width so that it can be centrally cut away, as indicated in Fig. 2, so as to admit of the passage downward of the head d of the adjusting-screw in the downward adjustment of the cutter-bit.

The toe or forward bearing part I of the stock A, I make circular, adjustable on a center closely adjacent to the cutting-point of the bit C, so that it can be adjusted to suit any variety of work-either straight, convex, or concave — as indicated in dotted lines on the drawings.

My preferred manner of accomplishing such adjustment is by forming such toe with sector-shaped ends i, preferably formed with a straight-forward extension i’, and arranging the same to slide beneath the curved hoods a’ at each forward end of the stock A.

The parts are clamped and held to their required adjustment by means of a set-screw J at each end, which passes through an elongated slot a2 in each hood and screws into the sector-shaped ends i, as shown, j being a bearing-collar on each wider than the slots a2 and adapted to bear upon the outer surface of the hoods, as clearly represented in Figs. 1 and 2.

To effect a lateral adjustment of the cutter-bit within the throat of the shave, so that the cutting-edge will be brought on a line parallel with the face of the shave, I provide the following improved construction:

K is a slot or groove extending centrally up the back of the cutter-bit; K’, a hole or perforation in the back of the stock A, which forms a fulcrum for the bar or other instrument, that is put through such hole or opening to engage in the groove or slot K to effect the lateral adjustment of the cutter-bit.

Having thus fully described my said invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. The combination, in a spokeshave, of the stock A, having curved hoods a’ at its forward edge, the adjustable toe or forward part formed with sector-shaped ends i, and the clamping-screws J, passing through elongated slots a2 and screwing into the sector-shaped ends i, substantially as herein described.

2. The combination, in a spokeshave, of the adjusting-screw D, provided with a cylindrical transversely-extending shank d, and the cutter-bit C, provided with the circular openended hole or perforation c’, essentially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination, in a spokeshave, of the cutter-bit C, provided with the groove or slot K, extending centrally up the back of the same, and the stock A, provided with a perforation K’ in line with the slot or groove K, essentially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ISAAC CAMIER.

Witnesses:
ROYAL MORRIS,
ROBERT BURNS.

No. 395,738 – Spokeshave (Isaac Camier) (1889)

[paiddownloads id=”444″]395738

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ISAAC CAMIER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

SPOKESHAVE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 395,738, dated January 8, 1889.
Application filed September 29, 1887. Serial No. 251,083. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known I, ISAAC CAMIER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Spokeshaves; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and in which —

Figure 1. is an elevation in direction of arrow, Fig. 2, of a spokeshave constructed in accordance with my invention, and Fig. 2 a transverse section of the same. Fig. 3 is a detached sectional perspective view of the cutter-stock and the clamping-plate for the cutter, illustrating the means for connecting the two together to avoid lateral displacement.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts in the several views.

This invention relates to that class of wood-working planes known in the art as “spoke-shaves;” arid the objects of the present improvements are to provicle a simple and efficient appliance for adjusting the cutter-bit in accurate parallel alignment with the bearing face or sole of the body or stock of the share, and also to furnish means for firmly clamping and holding the cutter-bit to its adjustment.

To enable others skilled in the art to which my invention appertains to make and use the same, I will now proceed to more fully describe its construction and operation.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the body or stock of the shave, having any usual shape and provided at each side with a wing or handle, B, by which it is manipulated.

C is the cutter bit or blade fitting snugly within the throat of the stock, the sides of said throat forming guiding-slides for the cutter-bit in its adjusting movement. At its upper end the cutter-bit is formed with inturned lips c c, that engage sidewise over a collar or head, d, on the lower end of the adjusting-screw D, which passes through a fixed nut or head, E, at the upper end of the horn or inclined back standard, A’ which in the present improvement forms an integral part of the body or stock A of the shave, and, in addition to carrying the adjusting-screw D, also acts as a bed or rest for the body of the cutter blade or bit, as indicated in Figs. 1 and 2.

The back ot the horn or standard A’ is curved, as shown, to form a continuation of the usual curved heel of the shave, and as so curved and inclined forms no obstruction to the use of the shave on recessed or concaved work.

The clamping-plate G, by which the cutter-bit is clamped in its required adjustment, is secured loosely to the stock by means of an attaching-screw, F, which screws into the stock, as shown, and passes through an elongated hole in the bit C, so that the adjusting movement of the same may take place.

The clamping-plate G, which is of a flat shape, is held from moving in a plane with the cutter-bit, as well as from turning or shifting in such plane, by means of lugs g g, that project in a lateral direction from its side edges and engage or fit snugly in the open-sided recesses a a in the lateral or side walls of the bit-throat, as indicated in Figs. 1 and 3. Such open-sided construction of the recesses a is material to the present construction, in that it permits of the ready introduction of the clamping-plate into operative position by simply dropping said plate into position. With such ready means for attachnient and detachment of the clamping-plate the present construction retains the function of holding the plate G from moving in a plane with the cutter-bit, as above mentioned.

H is a clamping-screw passing through the upper end of the clamping-plate G, with its point resting or bearing upon the cutter bit or blade C, as shown in Fig. 2. With this construction the screw F acts as a fulcrum for the clamping-plate G, so that when its upper end is forced outward by the screw H its lower end will be forced against the blade or bit C, near its cutting-edge, to firmly clamp and hold the same.

By my improved arrangement of parts above described a very substantial and general clainping of the bit is effected in a quick, simple, and easy manner.

I am aware that prior to my invention the cutting-bits of carpenters’ planes had their adjustment effected by means of a screw, and also that clamping-plates operated by a set-screw were employed to hold or clamp the bit to its adjustment. I therefore do not claim either of such constructions, broadly; but

What I do claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

l. The combination, in a spokeshave, of the stock A, having open-sided recesses a a in the lateral walls of the bit-throat, the clamping-plate G, having marginal lugs g g, projecting laterally from its sides and adapted to rest in the recesses a to prevent a movement of the plete G in a, plane with the cutter-bit, the holding-screw F, clamping-screw H, and cutter-bit C, essentially as set forth.

2. The combination, in at spokeshave, of the stock A, having open-sided recesses a a in the lateral walls of its bit-throat, the clamping-plate G, having marginal lugs lugs g g, projecting laterally from its sides and adapted to rest in the recesses a to prevent a movernent of the plate G in a plane with the cutter-bit, the holding-screw F, clamping-screw H, adjusting-screw D, and cutter-bit C, essentially as set forth.

In testimony whereof witness my hand this 17th day of September, A. D. 1887.

ISAAC CAMIER.

In presence of —
JOHN GINOCHIO,
LOUIS BERNERO.

No. 305,393 – Plane-Bit (William F. Kellett) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”370″]305393

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLIAM F. KELLETT, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

PLANE-BIT.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 305,393, dated September 16, 1884.
Application filed May 26, 1884. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM F. KELLETT, a citizen of the United States, and residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Plane-Bits, which is fully set forth in the following specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which —

Figure 1 is a plan view of a plane-bit containing my iniprovement with the base A uppermost. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same with the cap B uppermost. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the base A. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the chisel or planing-knife. Fig. 5 is a detail section of same on line x x, Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a detail section taken on line y y, Fig. 2. Fig.
7 is a section taken on line z z, Fig. 2.

My improvement relates to that class of planing-tools known as “hand-planes,” and particularly to the parts known as the “plane irons.”

In the drawings, A is the base or holder; B, the cap; C, the chisel or planing-knife; D and E, set-screws.

In the general manufacture of planes by the old method the base or holder A is made of expensive steel, because it also has to serve the purpose of the chisel or planing-knife, and it is necessarily quite heavy in order to give it the requisite rigidity or stiffness.

In the manufacture of a plane containing my improvement the base A and cap B can be made of iron or cheap steel inasmuch as they carry no knife-edges and perform no other function than that of a clamp or vise which holds the chisel C in proper adjustment to the rest of the plane. The chisel C is made of the best quality of saw-plate or other line sheet-steel, and is fastened to the base or holder A by any proper device. I have provided for this purpose the set-screw D and nut G, and set-screw E, and cap B. The set-screw D passes through a suitable hole, w, in the chisel C, and runs in the slot n in the holder or base A. The set-screw E plays in the slot o of the base A, and passing through the slot s in the chisel C screws in the threaded hole r in the cap B.

When it is desired to sharpen. the chisel, the set-screw E and the nut G are released, and the chisel C is moved forward. When the sharpening has been completed, the chisel is moved into proper adjustment and the set-screws are tightened.

The chisel C is made of thin non-self-supporting material, and could not be used alone, but must be supported by some means similar to the systems of irons which I use. It is designed to perform no function save that of a chisel or cutter. The lower end of the base is lipped or turned up, and the lower end of the cap is lipped or turned down, so as to come together and make a snug joint in which to hold the lower end of the chisel.

In putting the parts together of course it is understood that the cap B is uppermost when the chisel is in the plane, and the chisel C and base A would be placed accordingly for the purpose of best fulfilling their several functions. In practice, I so adjust the chisel C relatively to the base A that the bevel of the cutting-edge of the chisel forms a continuous surface with the bevel of the lower edge of the base, this being the most effective position of the parts.

Planes thus made will be less expensive and more easily adjusted and sharpened than those made after the old fashion. When the plane-bit is being set in the plane it is customary to strike the upper end of the base A with a hammer for the purpose of driving down the chisel. I have therefore provided a cap, K, which is made somewhat in the shape of a greatly-broadened old-fashioned wooden clothes-pin, and which, coming down over the end of the base A is riveted to it by the rivets a a. This cap receives the hammer-blows, and thus protects the end which without this protection would be upset and battered down. The cap can be easily removed and replaced at trifling expense. This cap may be applied to plane-irons made in the old way.

I am aware of the patent to Seely and Locke, No. 24,335, June 7, 1859, and do not wish to be understood as claiming the construction therein shown and described; nor do I wish to be understood as claiming, broadly, a plane-bit clamped between a cap and base or back plate, as said construction is old.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. The combination, with the base plate having the thin steel chisel adjustably connected therewith, the adjacent surfaces of the two being plane surfaces, of the cap connected with the base-plate by a clamp-screw to clamp the chisel rigidly against the back plate, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

2. The combination, with the slotted base-plate, of the chisel connected therewith by a clamp-screw at its upper end, whereby the chisel may be adjusted longitudinally on the base-plate, and of the cap connected with the base-plate by a clamp-screw, whereby the chisel may be firmly clamped against the base-plate, when so adjusted, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

3. The cornbination, with the base A, chisel C, and cap B, provided with the slots o n s, and holes r w, of the set-screw E, and set-screw D, and nut G, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4. The combination, with the base A, of the cap K, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

WM. F. KELLETT.

Witnesses:
G. E. FAULKNER,
LEONARD WATSON.

No. 211,852 – Improvement In Planes (Andrew Johnson) (1879)

[paiddownloads id=”299″]211852

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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ANDREW JOHNSON, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

IMPROVEMENT IN PLANES.

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Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 211,852, dated February 4, 1879; application filed November 14, 1878.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ANDREW JOHNSON, of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Planes, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, illustrating my improvement.

The present invention relates to an improvement in joiners’ planes; and the nature of the present invention consists in the novel means for combining the plane bit and stock, whereby a non-slotted bit is held in place by compression of a cap, which is brought with proper force on the bit by means of bolts secured to the sides of the stock. The compressing-plate has side eyes, through which the said bolts pass, and turned onto the bolts are thumb-screws, which may be loosened to move the bit to any desired feed, as the whole is to be hereinafter fully described and shown.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal central section of a smoothing-plane provided with my improvement; Fig. 2, a plan or top view of the same. Fig. 3 is a top view of the bit-cap removed from the other parts. Fig. 4 is an inverted view of the compressing-plate; Fig. 5, an elevation of one of the screw-bolts removed from its position in the stock. Fig. 6 is an enlarged broken central longitudinal section, being an enlargement of the middle portion of Fig. 1; Fig. 7, a transverse section of the plane, taken through x x, also enlarged.

A represents the plane-stock, which has the ordinary construction, and B is an ordinary non-slotted bit, which is fitted on the base of the throat of the stock, as in other planes in the state of the art, there being, however, no key-seats for a wedge.

The cap C is provided with a slot, the margins of which are formed to countersink in the ordinary manner the nut F, which is turned on the screw G, or receives it, that the clamping-plate H and cap C may be rigidly united when required. The upper side of the cap, and surrounding the slot D, is provided with a projection, E, which fits into a recess, L, in the plate H, and insures a true movement of the cap to or from the edge of the bit. The cap C is also provided with notches I on its top side and near its upper end, in which may be inserted a screw-driver or other tool to set the cap from the edge of the bit, the cap being set to the edge of the bit by hammer-blows on the head J.

The plate H is provided with pipe-eyes N N on its sides, which are located so as to pass over screw-bolts O. These bolts are inserted in the margins of the throat of the stock, and the holes in the plane through which they are inserted are plugged.

Thumb-nuts P, turned onto the upper end of the screw-bolts, hold the plate H, cap C, and bit B firmly in the stock.

Rubber pipes or rubber strips R, are placed around the screw-bolts O, for the purpose of raising the cap C from the bit when the thumb-nuts P are loosened, that the bit B may be adjusted, the rubber coming high enough on the bolts to accomplish this purpose by pressing against the under ends of the pipe-eyes N.

By this means non-slotted bits can be used with the advantage of a cap without the objection to the slot, which renders the bit useless when it is worn to the slot, and at the same time the bit C can be removed from or inserted in the throat at the face of the plane, and thus obviate the drilling of the bit by its contact with the cap, as when the bit is inserted in the top of the stock.

I also make plane spoke-shaves on this principle, and they have the same advantages as herein related in reference to the plane; and I also attach my device to planes having other forms and lengths, and they also operate in a superior manner.

I claim as new —

1. The combination of the bit B, cap C, compression-plate H, screw-bolts O, thumb-nuts P, and stock A, as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The rubber R, in combination with bolts O, stock A, thumb-nuts P, bit B, cap C, and plate H, provided with eyes N, as and for the purpose described.

ANDREW JOHNSON.

Witnesses:
A. G. MOREY,
G. L. CHAPIN.

No. 82,450 – Improvement In Carpenters’ Planes (John Blake Tarr) (1868)

[paiddownloads id=”146″]82450

United States Patent Office.

JOHN BLAKE TARR, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

Letters Patent No. 82,450, dated December 18, 1868.
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IMPROVEMENT IN CARPENTERS’ PLANES.

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The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

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TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, JOHN BLAKE TARR, of Chicago, Cook county, State of Illinois, have invented an Improved Carpenters’ Plane; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section, taken vertically through the centre of my improved plane.
Figure 2 is a similar view of the same parts, showing the plane-iron set to cut a very thick shaving.
Figure 3 is a perspective view of the plane complete.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

This invention relates to an improvement in adjusting and setting plane-irons of carpenters’ or bench-planes, of various descriptions, whereby these irons or blades can be adjusted and set at any desired pitch for removing very thin or very thick shavings, by simply turning a thumb-screw, which is applied to the plane-stock and blade in such manner as to give a greater or less bow or bend to the latter, according to the pitch required, as will be hereinafter described.

Before my invention, plane-irons have been applied to plane-stocks by means of clamping-devices, which bent or bowed the irons, so as to increase or diminish the pitch of their cutting-edges for removing thick or thin shavings. The objection to said devices is, that it is necessary to render the plane-irons comparatively loose in adjusting their cutting-edges for removing thick shavings. The object of my invention is, to so construct and apply adjusting-clamps to plane-irons and their stocks, that the greater the amount of pitch given to the cutting-edges of the irons, the tighter will they be held, as will be hereinafter described.

To enable others skilled in the art to understand my invention, I will describe its construction and operation.

In the accompanying drawings —

A represents the stock of a jointing-plane, having my invention applied to it. This stock is constructed in the usual well-known manner, and is also in the blade or plane-iron B, as will be seen by reference to figs. 1 and 2.

Near the upper termination of the inclined bed a of the plane-stock, a recess is made, into which is fitted and firmly secured a plate, b, having a deep notch or slot formed in it, which should be exactly in the centre of the width of the stock.

In rear of this slotted plate b, and in a line therewith, a hole is bored into the plane-stock, and screw-tapped for receiving a male-screw, C, which has a T-head formed upon its upper end. A similar T-head screw, D, is tapped into the plane-stock in front of the slotted plate b. Both screws, C and D, are in the same vertical plane, and both have the same degree of inclination backward, as shown in figs. 1 and 2. The screw C projects from the top of the plane-stock, and the screw D projects from the inclined bed a of this stock. They are arranged about equal distances from the slotted plate b, and may be adjusted further into or out of the stock at pleasure, by turning them to the right or left.

A thumb-screw, E, is tapped through a sliding nut, F, applied to the plane-iron B, which screw has an annular groove formed in it near that end which is opposite its head. This groove leaves a contracted neck, which is received by the groove or notch in the upper edge of fixed plate b, as shown in figs. 1 and 2, thus affording a purchase for the screw E, when applied in its place.

The nut F has grooves in its sides, at right angles to the axis of the screw E, which grooves receive the inner edges of the plane-iron B, when the nut is applied in the slot thereof, and thus afford an attachment for the nut to the plane-iron.

The heads on the screws C and D are turned so as to bring them in line with the length of the slot through the plane-iron.

The nut F, with screw E applied to it, is slipped upon the plane-iron, and the latter adjusted in place in the plane, so that the neck of the screw E will be received by the slot or notch on plate b, and the screws C D passed through the plane-iron slot, as shown in the drawings. The screws C and D are then turned around so as to leave their heads cross-wise of the slot through the plane-iron, thereby causing them to serve as bearings against wliich the plane-iron is pressed upward, by tightening the screw E.

It will be seen, from the above description, that the plane-iron is forced upward and forward against the lower edges of the heads of screws C D, by means of an adjusting-screw, which is between said screws; consequently the degree of inclination of said plane-iron will be governed by the relative positions of the beads of said screws C D, which latter can be adjusted at pleasure, when the plane-iron is released from pressure.

It will also be seen that by setting the screw E up tight, the plane-iron will be more or less curved or bent out of a straight line, as shown in fig. 2, the result of which will be to throw back the cutting-edge of said iron and increase or diminish its pitch, and the size of the throat. By this arrangement, a very nice adjustment can be effected by simply turning the thumb-screw E, while, at the same time, the greater the pitch attained, the stronger will the plane-iron be held in place.
To remove the plane-iron for sharpening it, it is only necessary to loosen the screw E, and turn the heads of the screws C D in line with the slot through the plane-iron, when the latter may be slipped out of its place, and the screw E and its nut detached from it.

I do not claim, broadly, adjusting the cutting-edges of plane-irons by pressure applied between the upper and lower ends of the iron; but

What I do claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. The combination of the central clamping and tightening-device with the adjustable supports C D, the said device and the supports being applied to a plane-stock, and in the relation to the plane-iron thereof, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.

2. Making the two supports or abutments C D adjustable, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.

3. Applying pressure to a plane-iron between two supports, C D, through a device, E F, substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein described.

4. Changing the pitch and tightening the plane-iron by the same means, and at the same time, the means employed being constructed and operated substantially as herein described.

5. The adjusting of the plane~iron by means of the clamping-device composed of the screws C, D, and E, nut F, and plate b, and applied in such manner that the bit is tightened, and the pitch changed at the same time, and by the same means, when constructed to operate substantially in the manner described.

6. Arranging the plane-iron beneath the heads or shoulders of two adjustable bearings, C D, and under a shoulder of a nut, F, so that it may be adjusted by means of either or both ofthe bearings C D, and may be tightened and have its pitch changed by the screw E, all substantially in the manner and for the purpose described.

JOHN BLAKE TARR.

Witnesses:
EDW. SCHAFER,
EDM. F. BROWN.