Tag: Match Planes

No. 748,199 – Matching-Plane (Alexander Mason) (1903)

[paiddownloads id=”595″]748199

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ALEXANDER MASON, OF SALEM, MASSACHUSETTS.

MATCHING-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 748,199, dated December 29, 1903.
Application filed March 20, 1903. Serial No. 148,745. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER MASON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Salem, in the county of Essex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Matching-Planes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to matching-planes; and it consists in the novel construction and combination of the parts hereinafter fully described and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side view of the matching-plane. Fig. 2 is a cross-section taken on the line x x in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a partial plan view showing the clamping-levers and looking in the direction of the arrow y in Fig. 1.

A is the body of the plane, provided with a handle B at one end and a knob C at the other end. The body portion A has a broad groove b and a narrow groove c in its under side, and D is a longitudinal rib on the upper side of the body portion.

E is an inclined support for the blades, which also projects on the upper side of the body portion, and d represents slots or notches in the body portion A for the blades to project through.

F is a single cutting-blade, and G is a forked cutting-blade. These blades are laid upon the support E, one on each side of the rib D, and are clamped in position by means of two clamping-levers f and g, which are pivoted on the end portions of a pin H, which is secured in the rib D. These clamping-levers are provided at their upper ends with thumb-screws f’ and g’, which bear against the blades, so that the lower ends of the levers clamp the said blades securely in position.

I is a guide for the plane. This guide is provided with projecting brackets i at its end and middle portions. The end brackets carry bars J, which are slidable in guide-holes j in the body of the plane. The middle bracket carries a bar K, which is slidable in a hole k in the body of the plane and which is provided with a series of cross-holes m.

M is a spring-pressed stop-pin which is slidable in a lug n on the body of the plane and which engages with the said cross-holes. The guide is slid so as to suit the work, and it is then secured in position by means of the said stop-pin.

The two blades form three separate cutters, and they will tongue and groove boards of widely-varying thickness in a very satisfactory manner.

What I claim is —

In a matching-plane, the combination, with a body portion, of a guide for the said body portion provided with projecting brackets at its middle and end portions, bars projecting from the said end brackets and slidable in cross-holes in the said body portion, a bar projecting from the middle bracket and provided with a series of cross-holes and slidable in a hole in the said body portion, and a spring-actuated stop-pin carried by the said body portion and engaging with the cross-holes of the said bar.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ALEXANDER MASON.

Witnesses:
ALICE J. MURRAY,
FRED. K. DAGGETT.

No. 735,744 – Plane (Charles H. Fox) (1903)

[paiddownloads id=”586″]735744

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHARLES H. FOX, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO
STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN,
CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 735,744, dated August 11, 1903.
Application filed November 15, 1902. Serial No. 131,485. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES H. FOX, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, Hartford county, Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in planes, and particularly to a construction for improving the efficiency and general usefulness of the device in its operation.

The object of my invention is to construct a plane for use in matching boards and the like, which may be adjusted to various widths of cutting-irons. The clogging of shavings which are produced when the plane is in use is avoided. It is also possible to use a beading-iron with the same plane-body when desired.

The invention consists in the improvements to be hereinafter described and shown in the accompanying drawings. The invention is particularly applicable to that class called “matching-planes,” in which a cutter is provided to form the edges of boards in order that they may be matched together. The plane is so constructed as to effect the smooth and certain turning aside of the shavings when theplane is cutting. In the form herein shown the tonguing-iron may be replaced by a beading-iron when the proper adjustments have been made.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane embodying the improvements of my invention. Fig. 2 is a projection showing the under side of the plane. Fig. 3 is a front view of the plane, parts being shown in section on the line X X of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a detail of a shaving-deflector. Fig. 5 is an elevation of the inside face of the main stock, parts being shown in section. Fig. 6 is a detail of a gage for limiting the cutting depth when a beading cutter or iron, as shown in Fig. 7, is used.

1 is a main stock portion having a handle 10.

2 2 are rods screwed into the stock portion and upon which slides the part 3, which may be conveniently termed a “fence”.

4 is a sliding section which is mounted upon the rods 2 2 and adapted to be moved toward or away from the stock portion 1.

5 is a tonguing-iron adapted to form the edge of a board into a tongue portion. For this purpose it will be seen that the blade is bifurcated at the lower part, as particularly shown in Figs. 2 and 3. This cutting-iron 5 is mounted in grooves between the adjacent faces of the stock 1 and the sliding section 4. The sliding section is caused to move toward the stock portion 1 and to hold the iron 5 securely in place by means of the thumb-nut 40, which operates on the screw-bolt 41, as seen in Figs. 1 and 2. The stock portion 1 is formed at the lower edge of the outer part, as seen particularly in Fig. 3, with a limiting-surface 11. Similarly the sliding section 4 is provided with a limiting-surface 42, which is, however, oppositely positioned. The fence 3 is provided with a guide-surface 31, which is convenient for use with the plane when it is used as a beading-plane, as will hereinafter be described in connection with the details shown in Figs. 6 and 7.

When the plane is being used to cut with the tonguing-iron 5 in position, the shavings which are cut will be deflected upward by means of the construction which I have provided. The shaving which is formed by the outer right-hand portion of the blade of the tonguing-iron will be deflected inwardly and upwardly by means of the deflector 6, one form of the construction of which is shown in detail in Fig. 4. The shaving as it is being taken is moved forwardly and is caught by the concaved inner surface 60 of the deflector, and thus thrown inwardly to the inside edge of the stock portion 1 and upwardly. This will be seen particularly in Fig. 5. The other shaving, taken by the left-hand portion of the blade 5, will be deflected backward and upward by means of the upper surface of the blade 5 and the concaved upper surface of the sliding section 4 and pass out freely through the curved open space 43. This deflector 6 is situated beyond the outer guide-surface 11 of the stock portion 1 and in this form is mounted in the lug 12. For this purpose the deflector is provided with the shank 61, which may be tightly gripped by means of the thumb-nut 62. The surface of the deflector at 63 is made to coincide approximately with the outer guide-surface of the stock 1 at the point of attachment. At 64 the deflector is formed to coincide with the outer edge of the cutting-blade. The dimensions are such, preferably, that there is but little opportunity for shavings to pass outward from the cutting edge at any other point than that prepared by means of the convexedly-curved surface 60.

It is obvious that some of the same advantages would be had if the deflector 6 were made integral with the stock portion 1. By reason of its being separable therefrom, however, it is possible to employ cutting-irons of various widths with the same main plane structure, using a larger or smaller deflector, as required. There is also another advantage inherent in this structure by reason of the deflector being thus separable from the other parts. By means of this I am able to make this plane interchangeable as a matching-plane which will form a tongue and to use it also as a beading-plane.

Fig. 7 shows the beading-iron 7, which is employed for cutting beads. This beading-iron 7 may be fitted into the guide-slots in the main stock portion and the sliding section 4 adjusted to hold it there by means of the adjusting-screw 40. At such a time the two guiding-surfaces 11 and 42 are in line with the edges of the beading-iron 7, and there is no necessity for the deflector 6. In its place isinserted the gage 8, (shown in Fig. 6,) which has the shank portion 81, adapted to fit in the lug 12 and be engaged by the thumb-nut 62. The edge 82 of this gage is adjusted opposite the outer guide-surface 11 of the stock portion 1, while the lower surface of the gage provides a limiting or guide portion, by means of which the depth of the bead can be made as desired.

The fence 3 may be adjusted upon the rods 2 2 at any suitable distance from the cutting-blade to provide a guide by means of which the cutting edge may be operated at the proper distance from the edge of the board.

It will thus be seen that this construction herein shown and described is adapted to be used efficiently as a matching or tonguing plane and that the shavings caused by the operation of the plane will not clog it or in any other way interfere with its operation.

The plane, moreover, may be used as a beading-plane, thus combining the functions of both and enabling a person to perform both operations with one plane by the simple interchange of parts, which may be readily adjusted to suit different sizes of iron and the addition of which is of but slight expense.

What I claim is —

1. In a plane, the combination of a handle member and a relatively movable member, a plane-iron clamped between the same and protruding beyond the outer surface of the handle member, and means situated on the outer surface of said handle member for deflecting shavings consisting of a body portion having a curved deflecting-surface, a surface fitting close to the plane-handle member and a surface fitting close to the protruding edge of the plane-iron.

2. In a plane the combination of a handle member and a relatively movable member, a plane-iron clamped between the same and protruding beyond the outer surface of the handle part, and a shaving-deflector removably carried by said handle portion, consisting of a body portion and a shank portion said shank fitting into a recess in said handle member.

3. A tonguing-plane having a stock or handle portion, a pair of guide-bars carried thereby, a sliding section mounted on said guide-bars, a cutting-iron secured between the adjacent surfaces of said stock portion and said sliding section, said stock portion having a guiding-surface on the outer side, said cutting-iron projecting a considerable distance outside of said surface, and means for deflecting shavings upward and backward from the cutting edge of said iron.

4. A tonguing-plane including a handle member, guide-rods carried by said member, a member slidably mounted upon said rods and adapted to move relatively to said handle member, a tonguing-iron carried between the said members, a shaving-defiector consisting of a body portion and a shank removably carried by the said handle member and a thumb-screw for securing the shank in a recess in said handle member.

Signed at New Britain, Connecticut, this 13th day of November, 1902.

CHAS. H. FOX.

Witnesses:
H. S. WALTER,
W. J. WORAM.

No. 718,679 – Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1903)

[paiddownloads id=”578″]718679

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 718,679, dated January 20, 1903.
Application filed August 16, 1902. Serial No. 119,845. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing in New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the class of planes, especially those used for forming grooves and tongues to match; and one of the principal objects thereof is to provide in a single structure means for forming a groove and means for forming a corresponding tongue, thereby accomplishing the same result as is usually attained by the use of a pair of match-planes.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a duplex plane made in accordance with my present improvements. Fig. 2 is a plan view, partly in section, of the plane. Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-section taken on line x x of Fig. 2 and looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 4 is a perspective, taken partly in section, of the middle portion of the plane-stock; and Fig. 5 is a cross-section taken on the line y y of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrow.

In the several views similar parts are designated by similar characters of reference.

The stock 1 of the plane is of extra width, so as to accomrnodate two cutting-irons 2 and 3, the former being formed for cutting a tongue upon the edge of a board and the latter being formed for cutting a groove to match said tongue. These cutting- knives are set reversely one to the other upon upwardly and rearwardly inclined beds 4 and 5, which are integral with the stock, and the latter is provided upon one side with a throat or mouth 6 for the cutting-iron 2 and upon the other side with a throat 7 for the cutting-iron 3. The stock is also formed with a sole 8 to match the tongue-cutter 2 and a sole 9 to match the groove-cutter 3, said soles being separated by a guiding-flange 10, depending from the stock. It will be observed each of the throats 6 and 7 is open at its outer side, thereby affording clearance in use and also facilitating the construction of the plane, and that each throat is formed opposite the body portion 1a of the other sole. At the front of each throat is formed an upwardly and forwardly extending integral apron 11, and these aprons are joined to a high rib 12, integral with the stock and rising therefrom between the cutting-irons 2 and 3. Said rib extends at each end beyond the throats, whereby the stock is effectually stiffened, thereby adapting the plane, although of light construction, to meet all the requirements of the art. It will be seen also that each of the inclined beds 4 and 5 is joined at its inner side to the rib 12, thereby giving an extra stiffness to the rib and stock, and, further, that each of the throats is surrounded on three sides by a continuous integral rib or box-like structure, which minimizes the liability of chattering of the plane. It will also be seen, as at Fig. 4, that the rib 12 preferably forms a substantial continuation of the pendent guiding-flange 10. The stock is provided at its ends with handles 13 and 14, arranged one reversely to the other, so that either may be used in connection with its associated cutting-iron and so that, if desired, the operator may use both hands in holding the plane, which is often a great convenience. Preferably each handle is in line longitudinally of the stock with its associated cutting-iron, as illustrated at Figs. 2, 3, and 5, although they may be otherwise arranged within the scope of my improvements. The illustrated construction affords ample clearance for the hand of the operator. The cutting-irons may be held upon their beds or sides by clamping irons or bows 15 and 16, each of which may be provided upon its inner side with an ear 17, which is attached by a screw 18 to the vertical side of the stiffening-rib 12, said ear 17 being formed between the ends of the clamping-iron, and the latter having at its upper end a clamping-screw 19, threaded into the clamping-iron and bearing against the cutting-iron, so that by driving said screw pressure is brought upon the cutting-iron both near the cutting-point thereof and also at the upper portion thereof, thereby obtaining steadiness ofthe cutting-iron in operation.

It will be observed that one of the principal features of the stock illustrated relates to the combination between that portion of the stock which carries one of the cutters with the other portion of the stock which carries the other of the cutters. It will be seen that owing to the provision of two diverse soles, with corresponding cutters, a broader and stiffer stock is formed than would be required for a single cutter. It will also be noted that since the two soles are built or formed upon a single member the central vertical rib 12, which constitutes a truss or stiffening member for the stock, constitutes such stiffening member in respect of each of the two soles or planing devices which are comprised in the complete implement. Furthermore, the same double construction and double utility obtains with respect to the guiding-flange 10, which depends from the stock.

A further important advantage obtained by the described construction pertains to the manner in which the plane-body is strengthened at the points where the mouths are located. Since these months are each open on one side, each sole, considered by itself, is correspondingly weakened; but by reversing the arrangement of the cutters not only is the single guide-plate 10 brought into proper position for use with both of the cutters, but the two mouths are also located at different points in the length of the stock, so as not to come adjacent one to the other. This organization brings a solid or uncut portion of one side of the stock adjacent to the plane-mouth that is formed in the other side of the stock, considering the stock as a whole. Thus at points 1a in Fig. 2 portions of the soles constitute lateral reinforcing-ribs which join the main vertical member or web 10 12 of the stock, and so reinforce the same and produce a very rigid construction even when the stock is made so thin as to produce a plane of relative light weight. In Figs. 3 and 5 these two portions of the stock are clearly illustrated and indicate the exceptional advantages obtained in an implement of this general class by combining a pair of planes into a single structure. It will further be perceived that the finishing of the bottom of the plane, including all of the surfaces of the soles and of the gage-plate or filange 10, may be accomplished at one milling operation. Moreover, the increased strength obtained by the invention greatly facilitates the milling operation, since the casting has great rigidity, notwithstanding the open plane-mouths. Thus the plane is inexpensive to produce, as well as having advantages for the user. By combining the two planes into one implement a much less total weight is required for the complete outfit than in the case of two separate implements usually furnished for this class of work. The advantage is obtained of additional strength due to the presence in whichever of the two planing devices may be for the moment employed of the stability and rigidity due to the reinforcement thereof by the companion part not then in direct use.

It is convenient to have a plane with two handles, since it may by this means be more reliably guided in the hands of the workman. The reversed mounting of the two handles is a convenience for this purpose.

It will be observed that the plane is duplex in that it has two cutting-irons, that the single stock is provided with two independent soles each having a cutting-iron, that the cutting-irons are independently attachable and diverse or formed for making different cuts one from the other, that said irons are mounted at different points in the stock — that is, so that their cutting points or portions do not coincide one with the other — that the guiding flange or plate 10 is between the cutting edges of the irons 2 and 3 and extends substantially the entire length of the sole to stiffen the same and is provided upon both sides with guiding-surfaces, as at 10a and 10b, that the rib 12 is disposed between the cutting-irons 2 and 3, forms a substantial continuation of the guiding-flange 10, is integral with the stock 1, and extends at each end beyond the months or throats 6 and 7, and that the aprons 11 form angular continuations of said rib.

Variations may be resorted to within the scope of my invention, and portions of my improvements may be used without others in various kinds of planes.

Having described my invention, I claim —

1. A duplex plane having a single cast-metal stock which is provided with two diverse plane-irons, one thereof at each side of the stock, and an integral guiding-flange projecting below the sole of the stock and between said cutting-irons; said stock being in the form of a thin flat plate at right angles to said flange, so that a cross-section of the sole and flange resembles a T.

2. A duplex plane having a single cast-metal stock which is provided with two diverse plane-irons, one thereof at each side of the stock, and an integral guiding-flange projecting below the sole of the stock and between said cutting-irons, said flange extend-ing substantially the entire length of the sole, to stiffen the same; said stock being in the forrn of a thin flat plate at right angles to said flange, so that a cross-section of the sole and flange resembles a T.

3. A duplex plane having a single cast-metal stock which is provided with two diverse cutting-irons, one at each side of the stock, and one reverse to the other, and an integral guiding-flange projecting below the sole of the stock and between said cutting-irons, said stock consisting of a thin fiat plate, and having throats at widely-separated points in its length.

4. A duplex plane having a single cast-metal stock which is provided with two diverse cutting-irons, one at each side of the stock, said stock consisting of a thin sole and an integral guiding-flange projecting below the sole and between said cutting-irons; an integral trussing-rib also rising from the stock and extending longitudinally thereof.

5. A duplex plane having a single cast-metal stock which is provided with two diverse cutting-irons, one at each side of the stock, said stock consisting of a thin sole and an integral guiding-flange projecting below the sole, and also having an integral guiding-rib which rises from the stock and extends longitudinally thereof, and forms a substantial continuation of said guiding-flange, said flange and rib being between said cutting-irons.

6. A duplex plane having a stock of cast metal upon which are formed two diverse soles, cutting-irons to match said soles, and an integral stiffening-rib rising from said stock between said irons.

7. A duplex plane having a single stock of cast metal which is provided with two diverse cutting-irons one mounted reversely to the other, and a rib integral with said stock and rising therefrom between said plane-irons and extending at each end beyond the throats in the stock.

8. A duplex plane having a single stock of cast metal which is provided with two diverse cutting-irons mounted one reverse to the other at different points along said stock, a rib integral with said stock and rising therefrom between said irons and extending at each end beyond the throats in the stock, and an integral guiding-flange depending from the sole of the stock.

9. A duplex plane having a single stock of cast metal which is provided with two diverse cutting-irons one reverse to the other and mounted at different points along said stock, a rib integral with said stock and rising therefrom between said cutting-irons and extending at each end beyond the throats in the stock, and an integral guiding-flange depending from the sole of the stock; each of said throats being open at its outer side.

10. A duplex plane having a single stock of cast metal which is provided with two diverse cutting-irons one reverse to the other and mounted at diderent points along said stock, a rib integral with said stock and rising therefrom between said irons and extending at each end beyond the throats in the stock, and an integral apron rising from the stock at the front of each throat, said aprons forming angular continuations of said rib.

11. A duplex plane having a single stock of cast metal which is provided with two diverse cutting-irons one reverse to the other and mounted at different points along said stock, a rib integral with said stock and rising therefrom between said irons and extending at each end beyond the throats in the stock, an integral apron rising from the stock at the front of each throat, said aprons forming angular continuations of said rib, and an integral guiding-flange depending from the sole of the stock and extending substantially the entire length thereof, and forming a substantial continuation of said rib.

12. A duplex plane having a single stock of cast metal which is provided with two diverse cutting-irons one reverse to the other and mounted at different points along said stock, a rib integral with said stock and rising therefrom between said irons and extending at each end beyond the throats in the stock, and a bed-plate extending backward and upward from each throat, said bed-plates being integral with the stock and being joined to said rib at their inner sides.

13. A duplex plane having a single stock of cast metal which is provided with two diverse cutting-irons one reverse to the other and mounted at different points along said stock, a rib integral with said stock and rising therefrom between said irons and extending at each end beyond the throats in the stock, a bed-plate extending backward and upward from each throat, said bed-plates being integral with the stock and being joined to said rib at their inner sides, and an integral guiding-flange depending from the sole between said plane-irons.

14. A duplex plane having a single stock of cast metal which is provided with two diverse cutting-irons, one reverse to the other and mounted at different points along said stock, a rib integral with said stock and rising therefrom between said irons and extending at each end beyond the throats in the stock, a bed-plate extending backward and upward from each throat, said bed-plates being integral with the stock and being joined to said rib at their inner sides, and an integral apron rising from the stock at the front of each throat, said aprons forming angular continuations of said rib.

15. A duplex plane having a single stock of cast metal which is provided with two diverse cutting-irons one reverse to the other and mounted at different points along said stock, a rib integral with said stock and rising therefrom between said irons and extending at each end beyond the throats in the stock, a bed-plate extending backward and upward from each throat, said bed-plates being integral with the stock and being joined to said rib at their inner sides, an integral apron rising from the stock at the front of each throat, said aprons forming angular continuations of said rib, and an integral guiding-flange depending from the sole of the stock between said irons and extending for substantially the entire length of the sole and forming a substantial continuation of said rib.

16. A duplex plane having a stock of cast metal which is provided with diverse cutting-irons and corresponding soles, the throat in each sole being opposite to the body of the other sole.

17. A duplex plane having a stock of cast metal which is provided with diverse cutting-irons and corresponding soles, the throat in each sole being opposite to the body of the other sole, and continuous integral rib portions rising from the sole between the plane-irons and extending along the front and back and inner side of each throat.

18. A duplex plane having a stock of cast metal which is provided with diverse cutting-irons and corresponding soles, the throat in each sole being opposite to the body of the other sole, and continuous integral rib portions rising from the sole between the plane-irons and extending along the front and back and inner side of each throat, said throats being open at their outer sides.

19. A plane having a cast-metal stock which is provided with a cutting-iron, and also having an integral rib rising from the stock and extending longitudinally thereof, beyond the throat of the stock, said throat being open on the side opposite said rib, an integral part projecting laterally from said rib and a clamping-iron having a bearing upon said projecting part.

20. A duplex plane having a stock of cast metal upon which are formed two diverse soles, cutting-irons to match said soles, an integral stiffening-rib rising from said stock between said irons, and clamping-irons having bearings on said rib.

21. A duplex plane having a single stock of cast metal which is provided with two diverse cutting-irons, a rib integral with said stock and rising therefrom between said plane-irons and extending at each end beyond the throats in the stock, clamping-irons having ears whereby they are pivoted to said rib, and clamping-screws for said clamping-irons.

22. A duplex plane having a single stock of cast metal which is provided with two diverse cutting-irons mounted one reversely to the other, a rib integral with said stock and rising therefrom between said plane-irons and extending at each end beyond the throats in the stock, clamping-irons having between their ends ears which have bearings upon said rib, and clamping-screws at the upper ends of said clamping-irons.

23. A duplex plane having a single stock of cast metal which is provided with two diverse cutting-irons mounted one reversely to the other, a rib integral with said stock and rising therefrom between said plane-irons and extending at each end beyond the throats in the stock, clamping-irons having between their ends ears which have hearings upon said rib, clamping-screws at the upper ends of said clamping-irons, and an integral guiding-rib depending from the sole of the stock.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
EBEN STRONG,
FRANK L. TRAUT.

No. 434,361 – Plane (Ole O. Skattebo) (1890)

[paiddownloads id=”464″]434361

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

OLE O. SKATTEBO, OF HANNAFORD, NORTH DAKOTA,
ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO JORGEN HANSON, OF SAME PLACE.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 434,361, dated August 12, 1890.
Application filed March 8, 1890. Serial No. 343,098. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OLE O. SKATTEBO, of Hannaford, in the county of Griggs and State of North Dakota, have invented a new and Improved Plane, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in carpenters’ planes; and the object of my invention is to provide a plane that will be equally efficient as a square or bevel plane, and that may be readily converted from one to the other, and also to provide a plane in which a great variety of tools may be inserted, so that the plane maybe used for matching, rabbeting, grooving, rounding, beading, and the like.

To this end my invention consists in a plane constructed substantially as hereinafter described and claimed.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a plan view of the plane; Fig. 2, a side elevation of the same with a portion of the guide-plate broken away; Fig. 3, an end view of the device as adjusted for a square plane, but with the guide-strip removed; Fig. 4, an end view of the same adjusted for a bevel-plane; Fig. 5, an end view of the plane adjusted for rabbet-work; Fig. 6, a side elevation of one of the separable parts of the plane with a portion of one hinge in section; Fig. 7, a detailed view of the pintle of the plane-hinges; Figs. 8 and 9, side elevations of the strips used for matching and rabbeting; Fig. 10, a transverse section on the line x x, of Fig. 8; Fig. 11, a detail view in elevation of the grooving-knife; Fig. 12, a perspective view of the grooving-guide; Fig. 13, a perspective view of the rounding or molding guide; Fig. 14, a front elevation of a corresponding knife for same, and Fig. 15 a perspective view of a ripping-guide.

The body or frame of the plane consists of two longitudinally-separable parts A and B, which are so hinged together by hinges a, near the ends thereof, that they may be placed at various angles with each other. The hinges a are attached to the inner edge of the part A, which carries the planer-knives, and to the upper edge of the part B, so that when the parts are shut closely together, the part B will shut against theinner edge of the part A, so as to project downwardly at right angles with the same. The hinges a are also provided with a removable pintle b, which fits in the knuckles a’ of the hinges, and which is screw-threaded at the end to engage a similar thread upon the interior of the inner knuckle of the hinges, so that the pintle may be easily removed and the parts A and B of the frame separated.

The parts A and B are each provided with a suitable handle A’ B’, by which the plane may be pushed or pulled, as the case may be, and with upwardly-extending braces A2 and B2, which fit closely together, and which are provided with corresponding holes d, through which extend the curved arms D or straight arms D’, said arms being attached to the braces B2 by the screws e, which fit a screw-thread in the ends of said arms, and being retained in the braces A2 by the binding-screws f which project through from the top of said braces and impinge upon said arms, so that the parts A and B are adjustably connected by the arms D and D’ and their attaching-screws.

In order that there may be no movement whatever between the parts A and B when adjusted by the straight bars, I provide other openings d’ below and between the upper openings d, one of said openings d’ being shown in Fig. 2 and 5. The lower bar D’ passes through said opening d’.

The part A of the frame is provided with the usual slide E, in which a knife F is inserted, with a set-screw g, which projects through the slide and holds the knife in position therein, and with a slot E’, through which the knife extends below the bottom of the plane. The part A is also provided upon the bottom with a longitudinal groove or recess H, which extends the entire length thereof, in which the various guides are inserted, as hereinafter described, and with screws h, which project through the wall of said groove, by means of which the guides are retained in the groove.

Attached to the inner side of the part B is the vertically-adjustable guide-plate J, which is of the same length as the part B and extends below the lower edge thereof. It serves as a guide to the plane, and is attached to the part B of the frame by the screws i, which project through vertical slots j in the plate into the side of the part B, so that by loosening said screws the plate may be easily adjusted upon the frame.

When a square edge is to be planed, the parts A and B of the frame are locked together, so that they will be at right angles with each other, as best shown in Fig. 3, and the plane is used as an ordinary square-edge plane. When a beveled edge is to be planed, the curved arms D are inserted in the holes d, and the parts are swung apart upon their hinges till the desired bevel is obtained, when they are retained in this position by tightening the binding-screws f upon the arms D. This position is best shown in Fig. 4. The plane is then used as an ordinary bevel-plane. To facilitate the adjustment to any bevel, the curved arms D should be marked off into degrees, and then when the proper degree is indicated upon the arms they may be secured in position as desired.

If the plane is to be used as a matching-plane, the guide-strips K and K’, which are of about the width of the groove to be planed, are inserted in the groove H in front of and behind the slot E’. A suitable narrow knife is inserted in the slide E so as to project down between the guide-strips K and K’, and the plane is used as an ordinary matching-plane. If a tongue is to be cut, the guide-strips K and K’ are removed and a suitable knife for tongue-planing inserted in the slide E.

If the plane is to be used as a rabbet-plane, the curved arms are removed from the holes d and the straight arms D’ inserted, the pintle b is removed from the hinges a, and the plane will then be laterally adjustable. The arms D’ are held in a desired position by the binding-screws f in the same way that the arms D are secured, and the arms should be marked off into fractions of an inch, that they may be easily adjusted. The guide-strip K’ and the guide-strip K, which is provided with a vertically-adjustable knife l, which is attached thereto by a screw m, projecting through a slot l’ thereof, are inserted in the groove H and held by the screws h. A suitable knife is inserted in the slide E, and the plane is ready for rabbet-work. In using it as a rabbet-plane and for other similar work the distance of the knife from the edge of the board is regulated by the arms D’ and binding-screws f as the part B of the frame, which extends down the side of the board, may be brought as near to the part A as desired, and is secured in that position, as described. When used for rabbet-work, the knife l will project a desired distance below the guide-strip K, and, entering the board to be planed, will cut a smooth surface for the shoulder of the rabbet.

In Figs. 11 and 12 I have shown a knife and guide for grooving. The guide L is provided with an upwardly-projecting tongue L’, which fits into the groove H of the plane, is held therein by the screws h, and is provided with a rounding lower face corresponding with the groove to be planed. The knife L2 has a convex edge corresponding to the shape of the lower surface of the guide L. It is inserted in the slide E of the plane in the usual manner, and the plane is used as an ordinary grooving-plane.

In Figs. 13 and 14 I have shown a knife and guide for rounding or molding. The guide M is provided with a tongue M’ which fits the groove H, and which is used in the same way as the grooving-guide. The rounding-guide, however, is provided with a concave lower surface and the plane with a corresponding knife M2, having a concave cutting-edge.

When the plane is to be used as a ripping-plane, the ripping-guide N, having a narrow edge N’, is secured in the groove H, a suitable ripping-knife is inserted in the slide E, and the plane is used as a ripping-plane.

I might show many more tools that could be used with the plane; but without going further into details it is evident that by making a suitable guide to fit the groove H and providing a corresponding knife the plane may be used to produce almost any form.

It will be seen from the foregoing description that a person by having a plane as described, with the accompanying guides and knives, can do the work now performed by a great many separate planes.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. A plane consisting in a stock or knife-carrying portion, a longitudinal guide adapted to be held parallel with or at any desired angle to the said stock, a separable hinge-joint to connect the two parts when the guide is to be held at an angle, and interchangeable rods and set-screws for holding the guide parallel with or at an angle to said stock, substantially as set forth.

2. A plane consisting, essentially, of two longitudinally-separable parts, the knife-carrying part having a longitudinal slot in the bottom thereof, in which any desired form of guide maybe inserted, and having a suitable slide in which a knife may be secured to match said guide, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with the plane A B, the part A having a longitudinal groove in the bottom thereof, as shown, of the rabbet-guide K, adapted to fit in said groove, and having a vertically-adjustable knife l affixed thereto to cut the shoulder of the rabbet, substantially as described.

OLE O. SKATTEBO.

Witnesses:
MARTIN MOSSING,
ERIK AUSTAD.

No. 318,331- Adjustable-Faced Plane (Edwin Walker) (1885)

[paiddownloads id=”393″]318331

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

EDWIN WALKER, OF ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA.

ADJUSTABLE-FACED PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 318,331, dated May 19, 1885.
Application filed February 6, 1885. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWIN WALKER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Erie, in the county of Erie and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Adjustable-Faced Planes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, forming part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in plane-stocks and mechanism connected therewith; and it consists of the improvements hereinafter set forth and explained.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved plane. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of my improved plane-stock frame with the adjustable plates and other mechanism thereof removed therefrom. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the back half of my improved plane-stock with a portion of the adjustable plates removed, so as to show the bit-adjusting mechanism. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of one of the central adjustable plates, showing a groove therein for the bit-adjusting mechanism. Fig. 5 shows a front end view of my improved plane with a gage attached thereon for adjusting the depth of cut, and also showing the plane adjusted to a square-faced bit. Figs. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 are front end views of my improved plane-stock, showing some of the forms to which the face of the plane-stock may be adjusted, (other portions of the mechanisms of the plane not being shown.) Fig. 12 is aside elevation showing a modified form of mechanism for securing the adjustable plates in place. Fig. 13 is a perspective view ofthe under side of a double-ended matching-bit, showing the holes for attaching the adjusting-rod thereto. Figs. 14 and 15 illustrate by perspective views some of the forms of bits to which the face of the plane-stock is adapted to be adjusted.

Like letters refer to like parts in all the figures.

In the construction of my improved plane, A is the frame, provided with the guides D D D D, adapted to receive and support vertically-adjustable longitudinal plates B B, &c., which plates B B, &c., together with the frame A, make up the plane-stock.

The guides D D D are provided with slots D’ D’ D’, in which clamps C C C operate, these clamps C C C being secured by thumb-screws C’ C’ C’, operating against the back side of the frame A. The frame A is also provided with ears I2 I2, between which the nut I’ of the bit-adjusting mechanism operates. The front guide D of the frame may also be provided with screws a a, &c., one for each of the plates B B, &c.

The frame A is preferably made of cast metal, except the handle F, which may be of wood.

The plates B B, &c., may be made either of cast metal or stamped out of sheet metal, and any number of the adjustable plates B may be used, according to the thickness which it is desired to make the plane-stock. The two outside plates B B, &c., may also be provided at their front ends with small adjustable cutters b b, inserted therein for cutting across the wood when the plane is used as a dado-plane, and for other purposes requiring such cutters.

The frame A is also provided with holes in the back side thereof, (not shown,) into which guide-rods J J can be inserted when it is desired to support a fence thereon. This fence K is connected to the slotted arms J ’ J’, which are attached to the sleeves J2 J2, which slide over the rods J J and are secured in place thereon by set-screws J3 J3, the fence K being adjustable up and down on the slotted arms J’J’ by means of bolts passing through the slots j j therein.

The bit H, I construct double-ended, so that either end may be used, according to the pattern desired, each end of the bit being made preferably of a different pattern. The bit is secured in place by means of the clip G and set-screw G’ therein, the clip G operating between the face of the bit and the lug E on the frame A.

For adjusting the bit H up and down, I provide an adjusting-rod, I,which has lugs i i on the lower end thereof adapted to fit into holes h h in the under face of the bit H, as shown in Figs. 3 and 13. This adjusting-rod I extends upward through grooves L in two of the central of the plates B B, &c. (Shown in Figs. 3 and 4.) Above the upper edges of the plates B B, &c., the adjusting-rod I is screw-threaded and provided with a thumb-nut, l’, which operates between the lugs I2 I2 on the frame A, so that by turning the nut the bit H may be adjusted up and down in the plane-stock.

Fig. 5 shows a depth-gage, M, which may be placed either upon the front guide-rod J, or, if desired, upon the front clamp C, behind the thumb-nut C’. This gage is provided with a slotted hole (not shown) by which it may be adjusted up and down to regulate the depth of cut made by the plane in dado-work and other work of that character. This gage M is also so arranged that it may be detached and taken off of the plane-stock when desired and not needed for use thereon.

The front cud views 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 illustrate some of the forms to which the face of my improved plane-stock can be adjusted, bits being used corresponding with such adjustment, (the clamping mechanism which holds the plates to the frame A not being shown therein.)

In operating my improved plane the plates B B, &c., are each adjusted in the position desired and temporarily secured by the use of the set-screws a a, &c., in the front guide D of the plane-stock. These screws a a, &c., however, may be dispensed with, if desired, as they merely form a convenient means of securing each plate in place during the adjustment of the face of the plane-stock to any desired form of bit prior to the plates being finally secured (after adjustment) by the clamps C C C.

Any number of plates may be used in my improved plane, thereby making any width of face on the plane-stock desired.

I am aware that plane-stocks have been heretofore constructed of adjustable blocks, so constructed and arranged with relation to each other that the face of the plane-stock could be longitudinally adjusted to fit a circular surface — for example, the arc of a circle; but this construction is not capable of any lateral adjustment of the face of the plane-stock to suit different patterns of bit. I am also aware that plane-stocks have been constructed with detachable faces of different patterns, each pattern being suited to a particular form of bit made to match the pattern of the detachable face; but I am not aware of any construction of a plane-stock prior to my invention consisting of a frame supporting a series of thin longitudinal vertical plates, the lower edges of which plates combined formed the face of the plane-stock, and which plates were adapted to be vertically adjusted upon the supporting-frame, so that by such adjustment the face of the plane-stock could be altered laterally to adapt it to the use of any pattern of bit which the operator might have occasion to use in his work therewith. Therefore.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is —

1. The combination, in a plane-stock, of a plane-stock frame with series of two or more vertical longitudinal plates which may be adjusted up and down upon said frame and clamped thereto, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a plane-stock, the combination of a plane-stock frame provided with guides and clamping mechanism with a series of two or more vertical longitudinal plates the lower edges of which form the face ofthe plane-stock, said plates being vertically adjustable in said guides on the plane-stock frame, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination, in a plane stock, of a plane-stock frame and a series of two or more vertical longitudinal plates which may be adjusted upon and clamped to said frame, with removable fence-supporting rods and a fence adapted to be adjusted both vertically and laterally thereon, substautially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In an adjustable-faced plane-stock, the combination of the plane-stock frame A, provided with the slotted lugs I2 I2 thereon, with the screw-threaded adjusting-rod I, the thumb-nut I’, operating between the lugs I2 I2, and the bit H, all operating together substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In a plane-stock, the combination, with the plane-stock frame A and the vertically-adjustable longitudinal plates B B, of the set-screws a a, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. In combination with a plane stock consisting of the plane-stock frame A and the vertically-adjustable longitudinal plates B B, the adjustable depth-gage M, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. ln combination with a plane stock consisting of a plane-stock frame, A, and vertically-adjustable longitudinal plates B B, clamped thereto, adjustable cutters b b, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

S. The combination, in a plane-stock, of a plane-stock frame, A, provided with guides D D D, clamps C C C, the vertically-adjustable longitudinal plates B B, the bit-securing mechanism E G G’, bit-adjusting mechanism I I’, and bit H, all constructed and operating together substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

EDWIN WALKER.

Witnesses:
H. M. STURGEON,
F. J. BASSETT.

No. 295,916 – Variable Bench-Plane (Amos Fales) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”361″]295916

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

AMOS FALES, OF DENVER, COLORADO.

VARIABLE BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 295,916, dated April 1, 1884.
Application filed March 31, 1883. (Model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, AMOS FALES, of Denver, in the county of Arapahoe and State of Colorado, have invented certain Improvements in Variable Bench-Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification.

These improvements are upon variable bench-planes constructed upon the general plan set forth in Letters Patent granted to me March 7, 1882, No. 254,542, and are mainly additional thereto, although I have in one or two respects changed and improved the construction therein shown and described. Except as to these changes, as hereinafter specified, I use the invention substantially as described in the said Letters Patent; but it is to be understood that the improvements herein described and claimed may be applicable to other constructions of bench-planes besides those therein set forth; and my invention is intended to embrace all applications to which the several features, any or all, may be adapted.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a front side view of the main stock of the bench-plane and parts belonging thereto, constructed with my present improvements, Fig. 2, a front side view of the auxiliary stock and attached parts constructed with my present improvements 5 Fig. 3, a back side view of the said auxiliary stock; Fig. 4, a top view of the two stocks connected together for use; Fig. 5, a front view of the stocks arranged as in Fig. 4; Fig. 6, a front view of the two stocks arranged for tonguing; Fig. 7, a front view of the stocks arranged for grooving; Fig. 8, a similar view of the stocks arranged to constitute a front fillister; Fig. 9, a similar view of the stocks arranged for a back fillister; Figs. 10, 11, and 12, views showing the construction of the auxiliary stock adapted to other kinds of work.

Like letters designate corresponding parts in all the figures.

First, in the construction of the main stock A, I employ an improved handle, as represented in Figs. 1 and 4. The handle proper, B, is turned in simple cylindrical form, with one side slightly flattened to rest upon a straight plane-surfaced flange, a, cast upon the stock. Screws b b attach the handle to the flange, which is suitably inclined to give the handle the proper position for grasping. Not only is this construction of the handle very simple and cheap, but it is very easy for the hand and convenient for use in connection with other parts of the instrument, not interfering with the adjustment of the cutters; also, the molds or form-plates C D, instead of having shoulders to fit under the lower edge of the stock-flange c, for holding them in proper position, I now form their vertical attaching-flanges d d each with upward extensions e e, to bear against the shoulder formed by the projecting lower edge of the body f of the stock. This construction of the form-plates leaves the lower edge of the stock-flange c free and unobstructed and enables me to permanently attach thereto one dado-spur, g, as shown in Figs. 4 to 9 of the drawings, and saves the expense of two spurs on each dado. and it is always in position for use.

Another change in the construction of the main stock consists in terminating the lower part of the cutter-bracket E at the line of the shoulder or lower edge of the body f of the stock, thereby leaving the stock without side projections beyond the stock-flange below the said line, so that very narrow grooves may be out to the full depth of the said flange.

Second, in the construction of the auxiliary stock G, I form the stock and cutter-holder in one instead of two parts or sections, thus simplifying and cheapening the construction and rendering the use ofthe stock more convenient, and enabling me to apply any other attachment which may be desired. The stock thus approximates in construction and use to the main stock.

Further, for many purposes the fiange h of the auxiliary stock extends lower than or entirely below the corresponding flange, c, of the main stock, as shown in Fig. 5 and following figures of the drawings. This enables me to use, if desired, a cutter in the main stock, which may extend laterally over the auxiliary stock, as shown, for instance, in Fig. 5. Besides, it enables me to employ, in connection with the auxiliary stock, a “fence” or gage and guide-strip, H, for uses such as illustrated in Figs. 7, 8, and 9, and hereinafter set forth. This fence is preferably made of wood, and is consequently cheap and light. It is made of the form shown or any other most convenient. It is attached to the flange h of the auxiliary stock below the body thereof, which forms a guide-shoulder, by two screws, i i passing through notches j j of the stock-flange, so that it is easily attached and detached. Its surface, which faces the main stock, is plane and parallel therewith. By adjusting the auxiliary stock to the required distance from the main stock on the connecting-bars I J this fence may be brought to bear against and run along one side of the stuff to be worked, and serve as a guide for the instrument and gage for the work.

In Figs. 4 and 5 and the following figures of the drawings I illustrate the operation of the instrument provided with the above-de-
scribed improvements.

In Figs. 4 and 5 is shown an arrangement for a front fillister, with a wide cutter, k, in the main stock overlapping the auxiliary stock, which in this case needs no cutter, but is low enough in the middle to allow the lapping over of the main-stock cutter. The flange h furnishes the side gage, and the vertical gage-stop L is mounted on the connecting-bar I, back of the main stock, to gage the depth of the cut in the board or stuff x, indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 5.

In Fig. 6 is shown an arrangement for tonguing. Here also the flange h of the auxiliary stock serves as the side gage, and the vertical gage-stop is mounted between the two stocks. The cutter k of the main stock cuts behind the tongue of the board x, and a cutter, M, in the auxiliary stock cuts in front of the tongue.

In Fig. 7 I show an arrangement for grooving. In this arrangement a fence, H, is used on the auxiliary stock for the side gage, and the vertical gage-stop I is arranged back of the main stock, the cutter k of the main stock cutting the grooves in the board or plank x, in connection with the fixed dado-spur g on the main-stock flange.

In Fig. 8 is shown an arrangement for a front fillister, with the use of a fence, H, on the auxiliary stock. By this arrangement as narrow a rabbet or shoulder may be cut in the stuff as ever will be required.

In Fig. 9 is shown an arrangernent for a back fillister, a fence, H, on the auxiliary stock furnishing the side gage, and the vertical gage-stop L being mounted between the two stocks.

Figs. 10, 11, and 12 show a construction of the auxiliary stock adapted to kinds of work in which it is not convenient for the flange h to project lower than the main stock — as, for instance, in making window-sashes. Here the stock-flange h projects horizontally, and the fence H is attached below it, the attaching-screws i i going down through notches j j, which allow a lateral adjustment of the fence.

As seen in Fig. 12, the screws i i enter the fence nearer one edge than the other. When the fence is attached, as shown, the fence is back of the front side of the stock, allowing the cutter M of the stock to cut over the sash x or other article. By reversing the position of the fence, however, the edge of the same projects in front of the stock, as required for some kinds of work. There is a notch or depression, l, Figs. 10 and 11, in the middle of the auxiliary stock, to allow the center of the main stock to reach over the auxiliary stock, when desired. The auxiliary stock is depressed under this notch, the fence being cut away to allow the two to come together.

I claim as my invention —

1. In a bench-plane, a handle, B, made of cylindrical form, flattened on one side, in combination with an inclined plane-faced flange, a, on the plane-stock. substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

2. The combination of the main stock A, having the lower edge of its body f and cutter-bracket E in one straight line, and its flange c provided with a dado-spur, g, and the form-plates C D, having vertical attaching-flanges d d bearing against the straight lower edge of the said stock-body and bracket, and adapted to have their lower surfaces flush with the lower edge of the said stock-flange, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

3. The reversible fence H, in combination with the stock G, the points of attachment being to one side of the middle longitudinal line of the fence, whereby two positions are given thereto fulfilling two purposes, substantially as herein specified.

4. The combination of the main stock A, having a downwardly-extended flange, c, on its lower edge, and a cutter extending laterally beyond the stock, and the auxiliary stock G, cut away at the top to allow the main-stock cutter to project over it, and having a flange, h, bent laterally, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name in presence of two witnesses.

AMOS FALES.

Witnesses:
J. DEWEESE,
H. T. CASTLE.

No. 294,825 – Bench-Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”358″]294825

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 294,825, dated March 11, 1884.
Application filed October 17, 1883. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in bench-planes. In my improved plane I combine a beading and center-beading tool, plow, dado, fillister and rabbet, matching-tool, and slitting-tool.

The objects of my improvement are to render the combined tool simple in construction and convenient to change from one form to another, and to improve its working in many particulars when changed. I attain these objects by the construction illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which —

Figure 1 is a side elevation of my tool arranged for use as a plow. Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof. Fig. 2A is a vertical section of detached parts on line z z of Fig. 2. Fig. 3 is a side elevation, showing the reverse side of said plow as compared with Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a vertical section of the same on line x x of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a reverse plan view of my plane arranged for use as a matching-tool. Fig. 6 is a vertical section thereof on line y y of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a side elevation of a detached portion of the stock, showing the adjustable spur. Fig. 8 is a like view of the same as set in a different position, so as to throw the spur out of action; and Figs. 9 and 10 are like views of a modified form of the same.

My convertible or combination tool consists of three principal parts — viz., the two parts of the stock and the gage or fence. These parts are found in a prior patent to myself, dated March 4, 1873, and the changes herein described in those parts may be considered in the nature of an improvement upon the plane shown in said patent.

I make the parts A and B of the double stock mainly of cast metal, and with thin steel blades on at secured thereto. These I prefer to let into a rabbet upon the inner faces of the parts A B, and with a dovetailed or overhanging upper surface for said rabbet, the upper edges of the blades being correspondingly formed, as shown in Figs. 4 and 6. I secure these blades to the parts A B by means of screws or rivets b. The lower edges of these blades, upon their inside corners, may be beveled off, as shown, in order to adapt the blades for use in connection with a beading-cutter. By thus making the blades or lower edges of the stock of steel, the stock may be made much lighter than a cast-iron stock, while at the same time it is stronger. I am also enabled to make said blades rnuch narrower, and thereby I adapt the device for use with a much narrower cutter than has heretofore been practical. In fact, they may be made so thin as to adapt the tool for use with a cutter only one-
eighth of an inch in width.

As in prior implements of this class, the part A of the stock is provided with gage or fence rods C, for connecting and adjusting the two parts of the stock, and also for adjusting and holding the gage or fence D in proper position relatively to the stock. Instead, however, of providing this fence with only one set of holes for the rods C, I provide two sets of holes or sockets, c, and I arrange the fastening-screw d’ intermediate between said two holes or sockets, as shown most clearly in Figs. 1 and 2A, and I slightly bevel the end of the set-screw d’, so that it will impinge upon the rod C and hold the same, whether it bein the upper or lower one of the sockets c. This construction of the fence enables it to be placed higher up on the stock for certain uses, as shown in Figs. 1, 3, and 4, or so as to come lower down relatively to the bottom of the stock, as shown in Fig. 6.

I have herein illustrated the cutters d e as held in place by means of the clamp-bolt f as shown and described in my prior patent, before referred to; but any other ordinary clamping mechanism may be substituted therefor.

Upon the outside vertical faces of the blades a a, at any suitable point thereon, but preferably a little in front of the throat, as shown in Fig. 3, I arrange spurs g, for use in connection with a plow or dado, the uses of such spurs being well known. I place these spurs in a circular depression so located with reference to the edge of the stock that it runs out at the lower edge. The spur proper is formed as a radial arm of a thin steel hub or disk, having a pivotal screw, h, passed through its center into the center of the circular recess in the sides of the blades a a. I prefer to form upon this rotary spur three other arms, as shown, two of which act in connection with a stationary stop, i. By loosening the screw h, the spur may be thrown so as to project directly downward from the bottom of the stock, in which position it is stopped by contact of one of the arms with the stop i, as shown in Figs. 3 and 7, in which position it may be held by tightening the screw h. The stop, however, in connection with the pivotal screw h, is in such position as to receive the thrust or working-strain which comes upon the spur g in driving the tool forward, so that it is only necessary to tighten the screw h suffiiciently to prevent the spur from working out of place when the plane is drawn backward. When it is desired to throw the spur wholly out of action, it is only necessary to loosen the screw and turn the spur forward until another one of the arms strikes the stop i, as shown in Fig. 8, when the screw may be tightened sufficiently to hold the rotatory spur in said position. If desired, all four of the arms on this spur-disk may be sharpened, so that by loosening the screw far enough to let the arms slip by the stop, either of said arms may be brought downward so as to proiect below the lower edge of a, whereby a sharp and fresh cutting-spur can he brought into action in case the one first set in position for action by any means becomes impaired.

In Figs. 9 and 10 I have shown a modification of the spur-disk, and the manner of holding it in the stock. Instead of the circular recess before described, I sink a star-shaped depression or recess in the side of the stock, the lower part of which recess, as in the former case, extends to the lower edge of the stock. The spur-disk is substantially the same as before, except that I either make one short arm or make only three arms to radiate from the hub. I employ the same central fastening-screw; but instead of the stop i being formed separately in the form of a pin, and subsequently secured to the stock, the eccentric shape of the edge of the recess enables the walls thereof to perform the function of a stop to prevent the spur from rotating in either direction.

In order to set the spur g’ in position tor action, it is placed so as to extend downward and project below the bottom face of the stock, as shown in Fig. 9; or in case all of the arms are sharpened, the spur-disk may be set with either of its arms extended downward, as may be desired. In order to throw the spur out of action, it is only necessary to loosen the screw enough to let the spur-disk come forward out of the recess — that is, out of engagement with its stop — and then partially revolve on the central screw, so as to bring the short arm or side having no arm toward the bottom face of the stock, and then drop the spur-disk into its recess and tighten the screw, as shown in Fig. 10. In like manner the spur-disk may be changed to bring either arm of the spur into action.

E, Figs. 2, 3, and 5, designates a depth-gage of ordinary construction, and consequently a description is unnecessary.

F designates a slitting-knife vertically adjustable within a suitable seat upon the part A of the stock, for use in connection with a plow-stock substantially as shown and described in the patent to Rappleye, No. 266,519, October 24, 1882. In connection with this slitting-knife I employ another depth-gage, G, Figs. 3 and 5, and fasten the same in place by the same screw and nut which secure the slitting-knife F. I have shown the depth-gage E as placed in the main part A of the stock, (said part being that which carries the handle and rods C C;) but I provide the sliding part B of the stock with a socket, k, and set-screw m, as shown in Fig. 2, to receive and hold said gage when desired.

Having described the general construction of the parts, I will now describe the manner of using my improved plane tor the several purposes hereinbefore named. For all of these various uses, except in using the plow with a very narrow cutter, both parts of the stock are used together, and it is not necessary that any of the parts hereinbefore described shall remain detached for using my plane as any of the foregoing-named tools, except the dado, and for beading in the middle of a wide surface.

In order to use my plane as a beading and center-beading tool, I insert and fasten the proper-shaped cutter, bringing the two parts of the stock together, and placing the depth-gage in the part A of the stock, the fence or gage D being preferably set with the rod C in the lowest sockets, so as to bring the gage at the highest point, as shown in Fig. 4. If the bead is to be formed at a distance from the edge of the board greater than that to which the gage may be adjusted, said gage will have to be removed and a suitable strip fastened upon the board to gage by, the same as with other beading-tools. For beading crosswise with the grain, the spurs g should be thrown into cutting action.

For use as a plow, a cutter is selected of a desirable width and clamped in place, the two parts of the stock brought together, the depth-gage properly adiusted, the fence D being secured as shown in Fig. 4, and the spurs g brought into position for acting. By placing the gage for the plow higher up with reference to the bottom of the stock, instead of lower down, as shown in Fig. 6, it can be made to gage the work much more properly, and to steady the plow against tipping over sidewise, because it will bear against the edge of the surface of the work to its extreme upper edge, even after the cutters have plowed to a considerable depth , whereas with a gage set low down, as shown in Fig. 6, that portion of the edge surface of the work which is above the lower end of the cutter is also above the top edge of the gage, so that said portion of the surface can furnish no support whatever against the tool tipping over sidewise. The broken lines in Fig. 4 indicate a piece of work that has been plowed a distance about equal to half the depth of the gage D, and shows the relative position of the gage and stock thereto.
If a cutter is to be used whose width is less than that of the combined thickness of the blades a a, the removable part B of said stock and its blades a must be removed. The remaining part A may then be used with a cutter of practically the same width as the thickness of the blade a.

For a dado, the fence or gage D is wholly removed, a suitable cutter is inserted in place, and the two parts of the stock brought together, the depth-gage E is secured and properly adjusted within the sliding part B of the stock, and the spurs g set for cutting action.

For a fillister and rabbet, a cutter of the desired width is selected and properly secured within the stock, the depth-gage is placed in the part A of the stock, and the fence or gage D secured by passing the rods C through the upper sockets of said gage, as shown in Fig. 6.

For a slitting-tool, the knife F is properly adjusted and the tool used in the manner set forth in the patent to Rappleye hereinbefore specified. The bottom gage, G, may also be used in connection therewith, if desired. This gage may also be brought down into position for use when the slitting-knife is drawn upward or removed, if desired, and while the other depth-gage, E, is placed in the sliding part D of the stock, thereby bringing a depth-gage into action upon both sides of the stock, for use in connection with any of the several tools.

The cutter d (shown in Figs. l, 2, and 3) is an ordinary cutting-bit with an edge square across the end.

The cutter e (shown in Figs. 5 and 6) is one which is specially adapted for a matching-tool, and is provided with a depth-gage, a, secured directly to the cutter. This cutter is shown herein merely to show my plane as adapted for a matching-tool, and said cutter and its gage I intend to make the subject of another application of even date herewith.

In lieu of the gage n, other gages may be arranged to bear upon the edge of the tongue for gaging the depth.

I employ a matching-tool having a narrow shank with a wider bit at its cutting end, so that when its narrow shank is set in position and the two parts of the stock brought against the respective edges thereof the cutting-edge of the bit will project laterally upon both sides of the stock, at the bottom part thereof, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6.

The gage or fence D is placed in its lowermost position, so that it may slide under the cutting-edge of the cutter and bottom edge of the stock, as shown in Fig. 6. This enables me to adjust the gage to a point from the middle of the cutter a distance equal to half the thickness of the board to be tongued, and when so adjusted the tongue formed on the board by this matching-tool will always be exactly in the middle, and this can be accomplished with the use of only one cutter in any board whose thickness is not greater than the width of the cutter at its lower end, and which is not so narrow as the space between the blades a a, or, in other words, the longitudinal groove in the bottom face of the stock. By thus making the cutting end of the cutter wider than the span of the blades a a or working-face of the stock, I can with a single cutter centrally tongue boards of different thicknesses within the limits before named.

I claim as my invention —

l. The combination of the gage-rods C C of a bench-plane, the gage or fence D, having two sets of sockets-one above the other-and suitable means for fastening said gage upon said rods, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

2. The combination of gage-rods C C, a suitable gage or fence having double sockets for the reception of said rods, and a set-screw arranged intermediately between the sockets and adapted to clamp the rods when placed in either one of the sockets, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

3. The combination of the stock and the rotatory cutting-spur adapted to project below the edge of the stock, or to be carried up above said edge by turning it upon its axis, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

4. The combination of the stock, the rotatory spur pivoted thereto, and a suitable stop for limiting the rotation of said spur during the forward movement of the stock, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

5. The combination of the stock, the spur-disk having radial arms, the adjusting-screw, by means of which said disk is secured to the stock, and a suitable stop for preventing said spur-disk from rotating on said screw, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
JAMES SHEPARD,
JOHN EDWARDS, Jr.

No. 293,822 – Gage For Plane-Bits (Justus A. Traut) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”353″]293822

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

GAGE FOR PLANE-BITS.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 293,822, dated February 19, 1884.
Application filed October 17, 1883. (Model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Stops for the Cutters of Matching-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in stops for the cutters of matching-planes; and the object of my invention is to furnish a convenient and inexpensive means for limiting the aggregate depth of cut. I attain this object by the simple construction illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which —

Figure I is a plan view of my improved stop and the cutter to which it is attached. Fig. 2 is a side or edge view of the same, and Fig. 3 is a reverse plan view thereof.

I make the cutter A of substantially the usual form, except that I make its shank narrower than the end of the cutting-bit, in order to adapt the cutter for use in a two-part stock, in the manner fully described in an accompanying application of even date herewith.

Within the slot in the middle of the cutter I arrange a depth-stop, a, the same being narrow enough to pass through said slot. This stop a is in the form of an angle-piece, with its back or shank b of a width greater than the slot in the end of the cutter. The angle at which the bottom of the stop and its shank stand to each other is such that when the shank rests upon the back of the cutter and the cutter is set at the angle of inclination that it will bear when properly seated within the stock, the body of the stock a will be substantially in a horizontal position, as shown in Fig. 2. I hold the stop in place by means of an adjusting-screw, c, which passes through the slot in the cutter into a threaded hole in the shank b of the stop. This screw may have a head large enough to cover the slot in the cutter; but I prefer to place a washer under the head of the screw, as shown. By loosening the screw the stop a may be slipped up and down in the slot of the cutter, so as to bring its under surface at any desired distance from the cutting-edge of said cutter, the slot therein being made long enough to permit of said adjustment. When so adjusted, the screw may be tightened to hold the stop in place. As the cutting-edge upon either side of the slot is brought into action to form a tongue, the tongue extends up into the slot in the cutter. After repeated cuts, the stop a bears upon the edge of the tongue, to limit the depth of the cut, and consequently the extent that the tongue shall project from the shoulders formed on the edge of a board by means of said cutter. It will thus be seen that by the term “depth-stop” I mean a stop for limiting the extent which the plane is capable of cutting by repeated strokes, in contradistinction to the depth of a single cut, (the thickness of the shaving,) which is governed by the extent that the edge of the cutter projects from the bottom of the stock and by the width of the throat in said stock. By thus arranging the stop within the slot of the cutter and providing it with suitable means for permitting of its adjustment and holding it upon the cutter, I provide a depth-stop which is not only convenient to adjust and use, but it may always remain upon the cutter, so that it will not become lost, and so that a change in the adjustment is not necessitated every time the cutter is removed from the stock.

I am aware that matching-planes have heretoforebeen made in which an adjustable depth-stop has been secured to the stock, and I hereby disclaim the same.

I claim as my invention —

A stop to regulate the aggregate depth of cut, attached directly to the cutter of a matching-plane, with the body of the stop within the slot of the cutter, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
JAMES SHEPARD,
JOHN EDWARDS, Jr.

No. 280,175 – Match-Plane (Philip Hickey) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”337″]280175

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

PHILIP HICKEY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

MATCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 280,175, dated June 26, 1883.
Application filed April 28, 1883. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PHILIP HICKEY, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Match-Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The main object of this invention is to adapt a match-plane for it to be used for the making both of a tongue and a groove fitting each other without changing the plane or bit iron, and also another object is to adapt a match-plane, by simply substituting one plane or bit iron for another, for the making of tongues and grooves of varying widths, but as to the grooves and tongues made by either of the irons so substituted, secure the perfect fitting or jointing.

In this improved match-plane the bit or plane iron is of a forked shape at its cutting-edge — that is, it has two separate cutting edges or blades, between which is an opening of a width which determines the width of tongue cut by the plane and the cutting-blade. The outer of the two, relative to the working-face of the gage upon the bottom or sole of the plane, is of a width equal to the width of said opening between the cutting-blades, or, in other words, of the width of the tongue out by the plane, and said gage is attached to the bottom or sole of the plane-stock, so as to be adjusted transversely thereon, and set either for the cutting of a tongue with both of the blades, or of a groove with said outer blade only of the two blades. The other blade being covered by said gage is thus put out of operative position, and all in a manner to secure a perfect fitting of said tongues and grooves so cut when joined together, and otherwise, substantially as hereinafter described.

In the accompanying plate of drawings the present improved plane is illustrated, Figure 1 being a side view; Fig. 2, a longitudinal vertical section through the plane and gage; Fig. 3, a face view of the bottom or sole with gage adjusted and set for the cutting of a tongue. Fig. 4 is a cross vertical section on line 4 4, Fig. 1; Fig. 5, a cross vertical section on line 5 5, Fig. 1, which is along the upper face of the plane or bit iron; Fig. 6, a similar view to Fig. 5, but with the gage adjusted and set for the cutting of a groove instead of a tongue, as in Fig. 5, and in the preceding figures. Fig. 7 is a face view of the plane or bit iron detached, and Fig. 8 a cross-section on line 8 8, Fig. 7.

In the drawings, A represents the stock of a match-plane; B, the plane or bit iron, made of a fork shape, or, in other words, with two cutting blades or edges, C D, leaving an opening, E, between them; F, the wedge for fastening the plane-iron B in position; G, the bottom or sole of the stock A; H, the toat or handle, and J the gage running along the length of the sole or bottom G to the stock, and otherwise, except as hereinafter particularly described, the same as ordinary in match-planes for cutting a tongue along the edge of a board, the width of which is determined by the width of the opening E between the two cutting-blades C D.

The cutting-blade C, which is the outer one of the two blades C D relating to the working-face a of the gage J, in its position for the cutting either of a tongue or groove, as the case may be, (see Figs. 5 and 6,) is of a width equal to the width of the opening E between the two cutting-blades, and in the use of this plane, as will hereinafter appear, it of itself and alone cuts the groove.

The gage J is attachable to and detachable from the sole or bottom G of the plane-stock A, and is secured in place by a headed screw-bolt, K, and screw-nut L.

The bolt K passes loosely through the thickness of the gage J and a slot, b, of a plate, c, attached to and covering a recess, d, in the bottom. or sole G of the plane, and the bolt-head f is in said recess, and the recess d, together with said slot b, are in a line at right angles to the working-face a of the gage J, and of a length to allow thc gage to be laterally adjusted upon the sole G of the plane for the purposes of this invention.

g g2 are two projecting pins, one near each end of the sole of the plane, and in a parallel line with the working-face a of the gage.

m m2 and n n2 are four holes to receive the pins g g2. These holes are situated two at each end of the face of the gage which is next to the sole of the plane, and the two at each end are in a line at right angles to the working-face of the gage, and at a distance from each other axially equal to the width of the tongue M which the plane-iron B is adapted to cut, and they are otherwise so arranged that the gage can be set upon the pins g g2 of the plane either by the two holes m and m2 or by the holes n and n2, in each instance one at each end of the gage, and when so set in either case have the working-face a of the gage in proper position for working against the face of the board to be tongued or grooved along its edge.

To set the gage J by either of its holes m and m2 or n n2 upon the pins g g2 of the plane, it is only necessary to first release the fastening nut and bolt K L, and then, having placed it by its holes desired upon the pins, to tighten up said bolt and nut, thus firmly fixing the gage in place. With the gage J adjusted and set as described, by its holes m and m upon the pins g g2 of the plane, the plane is adjusted for the cutting of a tongue, M, as shown in Fig. 5, and with the gage adjusted and set as described, by its holes n and n2 upon said pins, the plane is adjusted for the cutting of a groove, N, as shown in Fig. 6. In the first instance said setting of the gage exposes the two blades C D of the plane-iron for cutting the edge of the board, and in the second instance said setting of the gage leaves only one cutting-blade, and that the outer, C, of the two blades relative to the working-face a of the gage, and covers up the other blade, D, or, in other words, places it out of operative position, and as the distance between the holes m m2 and n n2 of each set of holes equals the width of tongue which the plane-iron B can cut, and the width of the outer cutting-blade, C, equals also the width of said tongue, it is obvious that by these two adjustments of the gage, together with a plane-iron having an outer cutting-blade, C, and an opening between it and the other cutting-blade, D, of equal width, the same plane, using only one plane-iron, is capable of adjustment for the cutting either of a tongue or of a groove, which tongue and groove, when cut, will fit each other and secure a perfect match, of course provided boards are used of the proper thickness.

To render the gage adjustable with the substitution of plane-irons for the plane-iron B, particularly shown in the drawings — that is, plane-irons having a different width of opening E between their two cutting-blades C D, and their outer cutting-blade equal to the width of said opening — and thus to render one and the same plane capable of cutting grooves and tongues of different widths, but in each instance, with the use of any iron, secure a tongue and a groove of the same width when the gage is properly adjusted therefor, the gage is provided with a series of holes — such as o o2 and p p2 — arranged and located and otherwise in every respect similar to the holes m m2 n n2, before described, varying only in this respect, (if it may be termed a variation,) that the transverse distance of each of said sets of holes corresponds to the width of groove and tongue which the plane is to and can cut when another plane-iron of different width of opening E between its cutting-blades and a width of outer cutting-blade corresponding thereto is substituted for the plane-iron B, particularly shown in the drawings, and the gage is properly placed with its set of holes o o2 p p2 belonging to the so-substituted plane-iron.

As the pins of the plane and the setting-holes m m2 n n2 of the gage are fixed points, in order to insure the proper locating of different plane-irons in the plane relative thereto, a groove, s, is made in the back of the outer cutting-blade, C, of each plane-iron, (see Figs. 7 and 8,) to fit over the edge t of the plane opposite to that of the gage, and, as the pins g g2 of the plane and the setting-holes m, m2, n, and n2 of the gage are located in the drawings, the groove is along the center line of the width of said cutting-blade; but it is plain that, were either the setting-holes or the pins located differently relative to the position of the plane-iron in the plane, the position of said groove would be necessarily changed. The pins g g2 may be on the gage and the holes m m2 n n2 in the plane, and, as is obvious, these means absolutely insure the adjustment herein described of the gage to the plane-iron used. It is plain, however, that other means might be substituted for said pins and holes, and yet insure absolutely said adjustments of the gage.

The screw-nut of the fastening device for the gage is preferably countersunk in a recess, u, of the gage, and in lieu of the fastening device for the gage particularly described and shown others may be substituted.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. In a match-plane, a plane-iron, B, having cutting-blades C D, with an opening, E, between them, and the outer blade of the width of the tongue to be cut and of said opening, in combination with a gage, J, adapted for arbitrary and rigid adjustment, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. In a match-plane, a plane-iron, B, having cutting-blades C D, with an opening, E, between them, and the outer blade, C, of the width of the tongue to be cut and of said opening, in combination with a gage, J, adapted by pins g g2 and holes m m2 n n2, together with a suitable fastening device, to be adjusted, substantially as described, for the purposes specified.

3. In a match-plane, a plane-iron, B, having cutting-blades C D, with an opening, E, between them, and an outer blade, C, of the width of the tongue to be cut and of said opening, and adapted to interlock; with the flange or rib t of the plane, in combination with an adjustable gage, substantially as and for the purpose described.

4. In a match-plane, a plane-iron, B, having cutting-blades C D, with an opening, E, between them, and the outer blade, C, of the width of the tongue to be cut and of said opening, in combination with a gage adapted by sets of pins g g2 and holes m, m2, n, and n2, together with a suitable fastening device, to be adjusted for different plane-irons of the above-said construction, substantially as and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

PHILIP HICKEY.

Witnesses:
EDWIN W. BROWN,
WM. S. BELLOWS.

No. 185,442 – Improvement In Match-Planes (Porter A. Gladwin) (1876)

[paiddownloads id=”273″]185442

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

PORTER A. GLADWIN, OF CHELSEA, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN MATCH-PLANES.
_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 185,442, dated December 19, 1876; application filed November 6, 1876.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PORTER A. GLADWIN, of Chelsea, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain Improvements in Match-Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 is a perspective view of my match-plane inverted. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the two movable gages connected together and detached from the plane. Figs. 3 and 4 are transverse vertical sections.

My present invention relates to certain improvements in match-planes for which Letters Patent of the United States No. 17,541 were granted to me June 9, 1857.

The stock of the plane referred to was constructed so as to receive and hold a double iron-one portion for tonguing and the other for grooving–two stationary gages being employed in connection with this double iron; but on account of these gages being stationary only one thickness of material could be matched with a single plane, and consequently a number of these tools were required to match boards of different thicknesses.

My invention has for its object to provide a single match-plane, which can be so adjusted as to adapt it for boards of various thicknesses; and consists in a pair of movable gages, in combination with a stock provided with both a tonguing and a grooving iron.

My invention also consists in so connecting or coupling these gages that they may be moved simultaneously in the same direction, in order thereby to insure the perfect matching of two boards of the same thickness.

My invention furthermore consists. in making one of the gages adjustable independently of the other, in order that the relative position of one gage may be slightly changed with respect to that of the other, whereby the tongue and groove may be so located that the surfaces of the two boards to be matched will lie flush with each other.

To enable others skilled in the art to understand and use my invention, I will proceed to l describe the manner in which I have carried it out.

In the said drawings, A represents the stock of my improved plane, which is provided with a handle, b, its bottom being of the form seen. In the throat of the stock is secured, by means of a wedge, a double-edged tonguing-iron, c, a double-edged grooving-iron, d, being also secured within the stock by a wedge, e, a throat, 5, being formed in a plate, B, screwed to one side of the stock, through which the iron d passes.

On the bottom of the stock A, opposite to that to which the plate B is screwed, slides a longitudinal gage, G, of L shape in cross-section, and provided with a metal facing, i, the distance of which from the edge of the groove k in the stock A is regulated by two thumb-screws, l l, which pass through plates m m, let into the side of the gage, and enter nuts p, set into the stock A, as seen in Fig. 3, each screw being held in place within the gage by a collar, q; and by means of these screws the position of the gage with respect to the groove in the tonguing-iron c may be varied as desired for boards of different thickness.

The part of the plane which cuts the groove is provided with a movable gage, D, by which the distance of the groove from the edge of the board may be varied according to its thickness. This gage D consists of a plate, which is connected or coupled with the tonguing-gage C by two slotted bars, r r, passing through the stock, the bars r r, which project from the side of the gage D, being secured to the gage C by screws t, which admit of the distance between the gages being slightly varied, as desired; and when these screws are clamped or tightened the gages are rigidly coupled or secured together, so as to move simultaneously in the same direction when operated by the thumb-screws l l. By rigidly connecting the two gages C D, so that they will move in common, the distance of the gage C from the nearest edge of the groove in the tonguing-iron c will be exactly equal to the distance of the gage D from the side of the grooving-iron d nearest to it, by which means the location of the groove in one board will exactly correspond with the location of the tongue of the other board to be matched therewith, so that when the two boards are united their surfaces will lie exactly flush with each other.

The object of the slight independent adjustment of the gages by means of the clamping-screws t t to provide a means whereby their original relative position may be restored with perfect accuracy in the event of their becoming accidentally displaced, or the distance between them becoming changed by wear. The gage D, instead of extending along a portion only of the stock A and fitting into a recess, as shown, may extend the entire length of the stock, if desired. Instead of the gages being rigidly connected, so as to move simultaneously, they may be moved toward or from their respective irons by separate and independent screws or other devices; but I prefer to connect them, as much inconvenience and delay is thereby avoided, and the construction is simplified.

By the employment of adjustable gages boards of any thickness within the limits of the movement of the gages may be matched with a single plane; whereas, were the gages stationary, as described in my aforesaid Letters Patent No. 17,541, a different plane would be required for every board of a different thickness, and consequently the expense of a great number of planes is avoided, together with the trouble of transporting them from place to place, and the labor of grinding and keeping them in order while much space is also economized.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. The movable gages C D, in combination with a plane-stock, A, provided with tonguing and grooving irons c d, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The gages C D, made adjustable independently of each other by the slotted bars r r and screws t t, in combination with the stock A, provided with tonguing and grooving irons, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

Witness my hand this 24th day of February, 1876.

PORTER A. GLADWIN.

In presence of —
N. W. STEARNS,
P. E. TESCHEMACHER.

No. 139,710 – Improvement In Match-Planes (James Edwards) (1873)

[paiddownloads id=”212″]139710

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JAMES EDWARDS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT IN MATCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 139,710, dated June 10, 1873; application filed March 15, 1873.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES EDWARDS, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Match-Planes, of which the following is a specification:

The invention consists in the irnprovement of match-planes, as hereinafter described and pointed out in the claim.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a side view, partly in section, of the tonguing-tool. Fig. 2 is a view of the face of the same. Fig. 3 is a side view of the adjustable tonguing iron or cutter. Fig. 4 is an end view of Fig. 1.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

A is the tool tor cutting the tongue, the improvements in which constitute my invention. B is the main stock, which supports the iron and the key. C is the iron, and D the key or wedge. The face of this tool is formed in two parts, E being an adjustable piece which is fitted into a rabbet of the stock, and is made adjustable laterally thereon by means of screws F in the stock, and slots in the piece E. By moving this piece out or in the length of the mouth of the tool is varied so as to correspond with the width of the adjustable iron C. G is the mouth of the tool. H is a guide, made adjustable on the face of the tool by means of screws and slots I I. J is a gage for regulating the depth of the cut. This gage is operated by the screw K, arranged as seen in the drawing. The iron C is made in two parts, put together as seen in Fig. 3, and made adjustable by means of the slots L L and screws N N. By means of this adjustment the space O is made broad or narrow to receive the tongue, which is cut of corresponding size, P P being the cutting-edges.

Any ordinary plow-iron may be used in the grooving-tool, and the tonguing-tool may be adjusted to suit the groove. With the adjustable tool A, and an adjustable grooving-tool, the machine is prepared to tongue and groove boards or lumber of all ordinary thicknesses, whereas, with the ordinary tools and tonguing-irons, a variety of tools would be required, involving much expense and trouble.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

The adjustable guide H, in combination with the piece E and iron C, as and for the purposes described.

JAMES EDWARDS.

Witnesses:
T. B. MOSHER,
ALEX. F. ROBERTS.

No. 131,959 – Improvement In Match-Planes (Charles E. Marshall) (1872)

[paiddownloads id=”203″]131959

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHARLES E. MARSHALL, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN MATCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 131,959, dated October 8, 1872.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES E. MARSHALL, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk, in the State of Massachusetts, have invented certain Improvements in Match-Planes; and do hereby declare that the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, hereinafter referred to, forms a full and exact specification of the same, wherein I have set forth the nature of my said improvement, by which my invention may be distinguished from others of a similar class, together with such parts as I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent.

My invention relates to that class of wood-working implements made use of for cutting grooves and tongues, commonly known as matching-planes; and the nature thereof consists in certain modifications and improvements in the details of the construction of the same, hereinafter described and shown.

In the accompanying plate of drawing, which illustrates my invention and forms a part of the specification thereof, corresponding parts are illustrated by similar letters.

Figure 1 is a view of the implement in perspective. Fig. 2 illustrates the position of the curvilinear projection or support for the left hand. Fig.3 is a detached view of the clamping apparatus.

The construction and operation of my invention are as follows: In the drawing referred to, letter A designates the tonguing, and B the grooving, edge, either of which may be used at will by merely reversing the direction of the plane — that is to say, when the tonguing-edge is used the right hand is applied to the handle C, and when the grooving-edge is made use of the right hand seizes the handle C’. The curvilinear projection D may be used with equal facility as a rest for the left hand, whichever edge is made use of. The diagonal support F of the blades H and I forms an angle of forty-five degrees with the edges of the plane, and is cast solid therewith. The blades or cutters are held in position by the clamps K K’, which are pivoted to the frame and operated by the thumb-screws L L’, as is clearly shown in Fig. 3.

Having thus described my invention, I will state what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent in the following clause — that is to say, I claim —

1. A reversible plane, provided with handles and a curvilinear rest, as described, so arranged that either edge of the plane may be operated with equal facility.

2. In a reversible plane, the combination of the diagonal rest, the cutters, and the clamps, all operating together, as and for the purposes described.

In witness whereof, I have subscribed my name hereto this 18th day of May, 1872.

CHARLES E. MARSHALL.

Witnesses;
TIMOTHY F. BOWE,
JOHN WATERS.

No. 126,707 – Improvement In Planes (Conrad Jensen) (1872)

[paiddownloads id=”194″]126707

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CONRAD JENSEN, OF BOSTON, MASSAOHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 126,707, dated May 14, 1872.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CONRAD JENSEN, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing making part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved plane. Fig. 2 is a plan of the under side of the same. Fig. 3 is an elevation of the side of the plane opposite to that shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal vertical section on the line x x of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a transverse vertical section on the line y y of Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a transverse vertical section on the line z z of Fig. 2. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of one portion of the plane detached and inverted. Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the other portion inverted. Fig. 9 is a plan of the under side of the portion of the plane shown in Fig. 8, with the gauge removed.

In “matching” boards of varying thicknesses it is customary to employ a “plow” plane for cutting the grooves, the plane being made adjustable, so as to insure the groove being in the required position, different irons being used for grooves of different widths. To cut tenons corresponding thereto has, however, heretofore necessitated the employment of a number of separate tools (one for each size of tenon) which were expensive, and required much time and care to keep in order. My invention has for its object to overcome these objections; and consists in a combination plane formed of two portions, each provided with an iron, and made adjustable to and from the other, by which construction tenons of various widths and depths may be cut in any desired position with one and the same tool, which can also be used as a “dado” plane; the two portions, (which are provided with suitable gauges and cutters,) when separated furnishing a “dado” plane, two “rabbet” planes, and a “lillister” plane.

To enable others skilled in the art to understand and use my invention I will proceed to describe the manner in which I have carried it out.

In the said drawing, A B represent the two portions of my improved plane, connected together by screws C provided with nuts. Each of the portions A B is provided with an iron, a, set at an angle, a vertical cutter, b, in front thereof, and a sliding gauge, c, on one side, operated by a thumb-screw, d. D is a longitudinal gauge, provided with slots e, and secured by screws f to the under side of the portion A. The screws C are each provided with two nuts, g g, one on each side ofthe plane, and also with two nuts, h h, between the two portions A B, and ntting into recesses i i, formed therein, in order that the two portions may be brought nearly together; and it is by means of these nuts and screws that the portions A B are held firmly in position at any required distance from each other. The portion A is provided with a handle, K, by which the plane is operated. When it is desired to cut a tenon at a given distance from the edge of a board, the gauge D is set at a corresponding distance from the inner edge l of the portion A. The distance apart of the portions A and B is now made to correspond to the required width of the tenon by operating the nuts g h, and the gauges c are then adjusted to make the distance from their under side to the bottom of the portions A B equal to the required height of the tenon. It will thus be seen that I am enabled by a single plane to make a tenon of any required width and depth on a board or plank of any thickness, and situated at any required distance from its edge; whereas, it has heretofore required a diiferent tool for every different size of tenon, which was necessarily in the center of the thickness of the board.

My improved plane may also be used as a “dado” plane, to cut a groove at any required distance, within the limits of the length of the screws C, from the edge of a board, by entirely covering the iron a of the portion A with the gauge D, and adjusting the portion B at the required distance from the portion A, when the plane may be operated, as seen in Fig. 6, the gauge D resting against the edge of the board, and serving as a guide, and also preventing the iron a of the portion A from cutting. The depth of the groove thus cut by the iron a of the portion B is regulated by its gauge c, and its double cutter b acts in advance of the iron a in the usual manner.

When a groove is to be cut beyond the limits of the screws C the portion B is separated from the portion A and used alone, in which case it becomes an ordinary “dado” plane, and requires to be moved against a guide-strip, temporarily secured to the board, to give the required direction to the groove.

By removing the double cutter b and gauge c from the portion B, when detached, it becomes an ordinary narrow “rabbet” plane, which is a great advantage, as it has heretofore been impossible to convert a “dado” plane into a “rabbet” plane, on account of the shoulder on its under side.

When the portion B is detached, the portion A with its gauge D becomes a “fillister” plane, and by removing the gauges C D from the portion A it becomes a broad “rabbet” plane, a change which it has heretofore been impossible to make, for the reason that the iron in an ordinary “Fillister” plane extends only part way across its under surface, which prevents it from being used as a “rabbet” plane.

From the foregoing it will be seen that I combine in a single tool a tenon-cutter for cutting tenons of all sizes in every desired position, a “dado” plane, a “fillister” plane, and two “rabbet” planes, of different widths, while but two irons are used, which do not require to be changed in performing the various operations above referred to, and I am thus enabled to effect a great saving in tools and in the space required for the same, as well as in the labor of grinding, and care required to keep them in order.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

I claim the tool as described, as a new article of manufacture.

Witness my hand this 5th day of March, A.D. 1872.

CONRAD JENSEN.

In presence of —
P. E. TESCHHMACHER,
W. J. CAMBRIDGE.

No. 109,174 – Improvement In Planes (Lewis Bundy) (1870)

[paiddownloads id=”175″]109174

United States Patent Office.

LEWIS BUNDY, OF MOOER’S FORKS, NEW YORK.

Letters Patent No. 109,174, dated November 15, 1870.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN PLANES.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEWIS BUNDY, of Mooer’s Forks, in the county of Clinton and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Combination Match-Plane and Plow; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof; which will enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing forming part of this specification.

This invention relates to a new and useful improvement in a combined match-plane and plow, for working in wood, whereby tongues and grooves of variable depth and of variable width of margin may be cut; and

It consists in connecting with a plane-stock two adjustable rabbet-planes and an adjustable grooving-tool or plow, arranged to operate as hereinafter more fully described.

In the accompanying drawing —

Figure 1 represents a top or plan view of the cornbined tools.
Figure 2 is a view of the rabbeting side of the tool, and showing the gauge on the stock.
Figure 3 is a view of the opposite side, showing the grooving-tool or plow.
Figure 4 is a cross-section of fig. 1, taken on the line x x.

Similar letters ot reference indicate corresponding parts.

A is a central stock, with a handle, B, at each end, the cutting-tools connected therewith being arranged on both sides, so that the stock has to be reversed for cutting a tongue and a groove.

C and D are bars which pass transversely through the stock, (to which they are rigidly attached,) and stand at right angles therewith.

The ends of these bars extend out from either side of the stock, as seen in fig. 1, and the grooving and rabbeting-planes are mortised so as to receive the bars, and are made adjustable thereon, or made to slide to or from the sides of the stock, and are held in any desired position by means of set-screws, marked E.

F and G are two rabbet-planes, which are thus placed upon one side of the stock, and which are adjustable on the bars independently of each other, so as to adapt those planes (or either of them) to other uses than simply cutting tongues for the grooving-plane or plow on the other side of the stock.

H is the plow, which is adjustable to or from the stock, the same as the rabbet-planes.

I is the metallic plate which supports the plow-iron J, and enters the groove as it is cut, as is common with grooving-plows.

K is the gauge on the side of the stock for governing the margin or the distance from the side or angle of the lumber to the groove.

L represents the opposite side of the stock or gauge for the rabbet-planes.

N represents adjustable gauges for governing the depth of cut of the rabbet-planes and the plow.

The inside rabbet-plane F is made to discharge its shaving inward toward the stock, the latter being recessed out, so as to allow of a free discharge.

For tonguing and grooving lumber of varying thicknesses, and for various other purposes in house-joining and other kinds of wood-work, this combined tool will be found ofthe greatest advantage.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

The plane-stock A, in combination with the bar G, plow H, and rabbet»planes F G, constructed and operating as and for the purpose described.

LEWIS BUNDY.

Witnesses:
CHARLES GALE,
CLINTON P. SHELDON.

No. 106,868 – Improvement In Carpenters’ Planes (Russell Phillips) (1870)

[paiddownloads id=”171″]106868

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

RUSSELL PHILLIPS, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN CARPENTERS’ PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 106,868, dated August 30, 1870.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RUSSELL PHILLIPS, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have made an invention of a novel and useful implement which I term a Carpenter’s Combination-Plane; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, due reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, and in which —

Figure 1 is a perspective view; Fig. 2, a plan; Fig. 3, a side elevation; Fig. 4, a vertical section.

This invention combines in one implement elementary features now only found in several independent tools, the result being a great saving in space in transportation, as well as in stores and carpenters’ shops, and enabling a mechanic to obtain, at small comparative cost and in a compact and efficient form, the substitutes for several classes of planes.

I have combined in this instrument a rabbeting-plane and an expansible matching-plane, to operate on and prepare boards of various thicknesses, one side of said rabbeting-plane serving as a fence or guide to the latter, as hereinafter explained.

While this invention consists, primarily, of the combination of a rabbeting-plane and an expansible matching-plane, the latter, in turn, will be found to consist of several members, so organized as to enable one to produce a “tongued groove-connection,” called “matching stuff,” a “cross-channel,” or a “plowed groove of any desired dimensions.”

In the drawings accompanying and illustrating this description of my invention, A denotes a rabbeting-plane, substantially of ordinary construction, with the exception of the removal of the handle, and the erection, at or about its center, of a post or standard, B, which slopes forward at a slight angle, and over the iron ofthe plane, which latter is represented at C. The plane A is further distinguished from others of its class by the addition to its under side of an adjustable gage, D, which converts it into a species of plane called “fillister,” or those in which the width of the rabbet cut by the tool is governed at pleasure.

The standard B supports from its upper part a long horizontal lateral bar or arm, E, departing from it at right angles to the length of the plane, such arm supporting the two movable cutter heads or stocks, which, with their adjuncts, constitute the expansible or variable matching-plane before alluded to, the arrangement of parts, as hereinafter explained, being such that both cutter-heads may be moved together or singly upon the arm and away from the rabbeting-plane A, or toward and away from each other thereupon, the side ofthe rabbeting-plane next adjacent to the said cutter-heads serving, under all circumstances, as a gage or “fence,’ so called, to the matching-plane.

The main or primary cutter-carrier is shown at F in the drawings as composed of a plate or portion, a, sliding upon or against the rear side of the arm E, and connned to such arm, upon which it slides, by clamp-nuts and bolts b b, or their equivalents, the inner end of the said plate a terminating in a right-angular bend or head, c, carrying upon its face the “spur or scoring iron,” such spur-iron a’ being secured in position thereupon by side projections or hooks, e e, and a set-screw, f, as represented, and performing the duties of preparing the way for either one or both of the matching cutters, as the case may be.

Upon the front or inner face of the cutter-carrier F or its cutter-head c, I apply a flat plate or second cutter-head, g, this latter object sliding vertically upon the head c, and being confined thereto by a set-screw or other device. The cutter-head g carries upon its inner face a cutter or iron, h, for cutting or plowing a groove, the relationship of the two cutter-heads being such that the head g may be lowered into a working position, or elevated above the same, while the cutter It may be raised or lowered with respect to its head, according to the depth of cut required, it being understood, as before stated, that when the said cutter (or its companion, to be duly referred to) is at work the side or fence i of the rabbeting-plane A serves as a guide or gage to determine the width of the cut thus made.

The iron or cutter It is composed of an upright flat plate, the lower part of which is bent into an angular sloping portion, which, constitutes its cutting-edge, the cutter by this means saving the necessity of employing two spurs to prepare its way, while the lower edge of the head g serves as a “sword,” so called, to determine the thickness of the shaving cut by the said cutter.

The cutter h, may be employed alone, in connection with the rabbeting-plane, to cut a channel, whether such groove be an ordinary cross-groove or the groove required to receive the tongue of the next adjacent board in “matching stuff,” or the said cutter may be employed in connection with the cutter to cut away one side of the tongue used in said operation of matching stuff; or, again, should occasion require, the cutter or iron h may be lowered and work in conjunction with the rabbeting-plane A, thus cutting at one and the same time a rabbet and groove or channel.

The second cutter, before mentioned, is shown at j in the accompanying drawings as mounted upon the inner face of a second cutter-head, k, which makes part of a carrier, l, mounted and sliding upon the first carrier, F, and confined thereto, by clamp-nuts or set-screws, in any proper manner, it being observed that the construction and relationship of this latter cutter-carrier and head with respect to the former being substantially the same as the former in respect to the arm or support E, before mentioned, it being observed that while the cutter or tool may be moved toward or away from the rabbeting-plane, for the purpose of cutting channels of varying width, the two cutters may be separated or contracted, in order to cut a tongue of any given width up to a certain extent.

Upon the outer or remote side ofthe second cutter-head, k, is disposed an adjustable gage for determining the depth of the cut made by either one or both the cutters h or j, (in connection with the rabbeting-plane as a side gage,) to produce a cross-channel or plow a groove.

As it becomes necessary to produce a sword to regulate the thickness of the shaving cut by the second cutter or iron, j, I form it (the sword) upon the under side of a fiat plate, o, which in turn is suspended from the under side of the carrier l, applied adjustably thereto, and confined in place by set-screws or their equivalents, in order that the lateral position of the said sword with respect to the said cutter j may be varied, as it sometimes becomes desirable that this sword shall travel in the center, or thereabout, of the groove or channel formed by such cutter.

Upon the upper side of the rear extremity of the sword, which is shown at p, or its supporting-plate o, I mount the handle of the combination-instrument, such handle being represented at q in the drawings.

An instrument constructed and organized as above explained may be used as a rabbeting-plane, or fillister simply.

By lowering the cutter h, to the proper extent and employing the side of the rabbeting-plane as a guide or gage, a cross-channel may be cut or a groove may be plowed.

By lowering the second cutter, j , and adjusting the distance between the two to the width of tongue required in machine-stuff, such tongue will be cut to any desired gage, or, as before stated, the second cutter, j, maybe employed alone, in connection with the spur-iron a’, to cut a channel or groove.

For extreme variations in the extent of cuts made by my present invention, I shall adapt cutters of varying widths; but it will be evident that considerable variations maybe made without removing the cutter at the time in use.

In the use of the rabbeting-plane alone, the cutter-head c should be inverted end for end to serve as a gage.

Although I have in the present instance represented one of the cutter-carriers as supported and sliding upon the arm E and the other carrier applied in similar manner to the first, I would remark that I intend applying each carrier by itself to the bed or frame of the tube.

I claim —

The herein-described carpenter’s plane.

RUSSELL PHILLIPS.

Witnesses:
EDW. GRIFFITH,
FRED. CURTIS.

No. 142,037 – Improvement In Match Planes (Charles G. Miller) (1873)

[paiddownloads id=”1″]13957

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHARLES G. MILLER, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO OLIVER S. JUDD AND CHARLES BLAKESLEE, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN MATCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 13,957, dated December 18, 1855.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES G. MILLER, of New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented a Combined Tonguing and Grooving Plane, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which —

Figure 1 is a side view of the implement. Fig. 2 is an end view of the forward end of the same — the end A. Fig. 3 is a flat view of the under side of the iron.

The plane or tool to which this invention appertains is made of cast metal ; and the invention consists in making an arch to span the cross-cut in which the plane-iron lies, so as to support both ends of the tool, which arch, at the same time, forms a part of the handle of the plane, and forms a back or buttress for the adjusting-screw which controls the adjustment of the plane-iron, this arch being so set on the tool that it can be cast with it all in one piece.

The tool, as shown in the drawings, is made of cast metal, though it may be, with obvious modifications, made of wood or other suitable material. The letter a, indicates the body of the tool, and b the handle, which is hollow, being cored out in casting, from the lower end. That part of the tool to the left of the dotted line x in Fig. 2 does the grooving, and the part to the right of this dotted line does the tonguing, the two parts being so united that either part can be used separately without interfering with the other part. The letter c indicates the chisel or “iron,” so called, which does the cutting. It has three cutting-prongs, c1, c2, and c3. The cutting-prong c1 is the grooving-iron, and c2 and c3 are the tonguing-irons. The whole iron lies upon the oblique ledge or bed a1, and is secured thereto by the headed screws d d1l, running through the cap-plate e, and through the slots d2 d3 into the bed a1. The slots d2 d3 allow the iron to he set and adjusted. An arch, a2, springing from the body of the tool, goes over the top of the iron. Into the under side of this arch is fixed the small screw-bar f upon which is the thumb-nut f1, having a projection, f2, upon one side, bearing upon the top or upper end of the iron c. By means of this thumb-nut the iron can be nicely adjusted downward, when the screws d d1 are slightly loosened. It is screwed down upon the upper end of the iron when it has been adjusted, and thus acts as a support to keep the iron from slipping back: when the tool is hard pressed upon. The letter g indicates the handle for the left hand of the operator.

The adjusting and supporting thumb-nut is applicable to all plane-irons.

From the foregoing description, it will be seen that the arch a2 spans the cross-cut or opening in which the plane-iron lies; that this cross-cut or opening must be open on one side of the tool, to admit of the whole being cast in one piece; that, since this cross-cut is thus open on one side of the arch, it is necessary to support the two ends of the body of the tool; that this arch also forms a part of the handle of the tool; that it forms a buttress for the adjusting screw or nut f1, and that it is so set on the body af as to admit of the whole being cast in one piece.

I claim as my invention —

The combination of the body a, having the cross-cut for the iron open at one side, and the arch a2, spanning the cross-cut and forming a buttress for the adjusting-screw, and also a part of the handle, all of cast metal, in one piece, substantially as described, and for the purposes set forth.

CHARLES G. MILLER.

Witnesses:
F. M. JEROME,
E. KEMPSHALL.