Tag: Stanley Rule & Level

No. 960,256 – Plane (Christian Bodmer) (1910)

[paiddownloads id=”671″]960256

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHRISTIAN BODMER, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE
& LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

960,256. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented June 7, 1910.
Application filed January 31, 1910. Serial No. 540,967.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHRISTIAN BODMER, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to planes and particularly to that type of plane known as a fillister or rabbet plane.

The invention has particular reference to the construction of the plane body, my object being to overcome certain weaknesses that have heretofore existed in planes of this type.

In a fillister or rabbet plane, the cutting edge of the plane-iron is made the full width of the sole, or so that the side edges of the plane iron will be coincident with the sides of the plane, whereby the cut may be formed square up to each side edge or surface of the plane body. It follows that the throat or opening in the plane sole must therefore be the full width of the sole. This results in separating the sole transversely at a point intermediate its length, and places, therefore, the entire responsibility of holding the forward and rear sections of the sole in proper spaced relation upon the single side plate of the frame. It is at this point that heretofore has not only great weakness existed, but in the casting of the plane body great difliculty has been encountered in preventing warping and twisting of the parts, tending to throw the sections out of correct alinement and making the process of machining not only laborious but exceedingly difficult. By my improvement great strength is added at this point, warping and twisting during the process of casting are prevented, and machining is simplified and expedited. The plane body is made from cast iron and since this tool is usually a hand tool, it is obvious that it must be so constructed as to withstand severe usage. Heretofore planes of this type made from cast iron as in the present case have almost always been broken across the relatively narrow connection between the two sections of the plane. By my construction such a greater degree of strength is added that there is very little danger of breakage at any point even when the tool is roughly handled. The tool being a hand tool, it is obvious that great consideration must be attached to the element of weight, since unnecessary weight unduly taxes the strength of the workman. In this connection I have constructed a plane body so that the metal is economically disposed and well balanced throughout, my aim being to secure the highest degree of stability with a mininium amount of material.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the complete plane, looking up from the left hand side. Fig. 2 is a view of the reverse or right hand side of the plane body. Fig. 3 is a plan view of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a relatively enlarged view showing a part of the plane in longitudinal section. Fig. 5 is a cross section of the plane on the line x–x. Fig, 6 is a cross section of the plane on the line y–y.

The plane body is cast in iron or steel and comprises the forward sole section 1 and the rear sole section 2, separated by a throat 3, in which the cutting edge of the plane-iron 4 stands when the plane is set up and adjusted ready for use.

5 is a seat for the plane-iron.

The throat 3 extends transversely and obliquely entirely across the plane body as best seen in Fig. 1, and it follows therefore, that the seat 5 not only inclines rearwardly but slants down toward one side of the plane. Any suitable mechanism may be employed for holding the plane-iron to the seat, such as the headed screw-stud 6 and the cap 7. The two sections 1–2. of the sole are integrally connected by a side plate 8 formed in this instance at the right hand side of the body, a part of the side plate bridging the throat 3 and being constructed, as hereinafter described, to afford great strength and to prevent warping and twisting. The plate 8 is provided with a raised bearing portion which is machined smooth, as indicated by the laterally offset ribs 8a–8a. These bearings 8a are raised with reference to the plain unfinished side of the said side plate 8, the area of said bearing portion being suflicient to afford a sufficiently long and broad seat, at the same time being much less than the entire area, thus simplifying exceedingly the operation of machining.

9 is an upwardly projecting bearing support at the opposite side (the left hand side) of the plane body, the same being in this instance parallel with the bearing portion of the side plate 8, and at right angles to the plane of the sole sections 1–2. This bearing-section 9 is connected integrally not only with the sole section 1, but also with the opposite side plate 8, said last connections being effected through the medium of the bridge rib 10.

11 is a handle preferably cast integrally with the plane body, but of course may be made capable of being connected to said plane body in any well known or desirable manner.

Referring particularly to the views 4–6, the connections between the throat and the rib sections of the plane will now be described. It is to be understood that the plane-iron, in this type of plane, is widest at its lower end, its middle and upper portion being narrowed down to clear the side plate 8. In the present instance, I avail myself of this feature to specially construct the bridge connection between the two sole sections, providing, where necessary, a solid strong mass of material and wherever possible a ribbed construction to secure the necessary strength and lightness. Immediately adjacent to the plane seat 5, where the side plate 8 leaves the rear section, I provide a relatively heavy mass of stock, as indicated at 12, Fig. 6. Immediately forward of this point, the bridge is arched up as indicated at 13, said arch descending at a point slightly forward of the plane of the throat and meeting the transverse bridge 10 which extends across to the opposite side-bearing or support 9. The lower part of the solid mass of material 12 near the lower end of the seat 5 is extended forwardly to form a curved rib 14, which performs the double function of a strengthening rib for the plane body and a deflector for the shavings, there being a clearance space 15 entirely through the plane body above the throat 3. This rib 14 curves forwardly and across the plane and meets the sole section 1 and the inner side of the support 9, being integrally formed with both of said parts. The arched portion 13 is provided with a recess or cavity 13a and between this recess or cavity 13a and the base of the rib 14 is a horizontally disposed strengthening rib 16, extending back to the heavy mass of material 12, and serving, together with the upper flange of the bridge 13 and the rib 14, to provide a connection between the sections 1–2 of maximum strength and minimum of weight. The inside of the plane body is of course hollowed out as at 17–17 to lighten the structure.

18–18 are scoring spurs or cutters employed on opposite sides of the plane to form score lines in advance of the plane-iron 4, said score lines being coincident with the opposite edges of said plane-iron.

The part 9 performs, in addition to the function of bearing for the adjacent side of the plane, the function of a support for a depth gage, such as is customarily employed in planes of this character. The opposite side (right hand side) plate is provided with a supporting portion 8b, upon which a depth gage may be adjustably supported. Since gages and other plane attachments are well known, no particular description is required herewith, it being merely proper to state that the part 8b performs not only the function of a bearing, but also a support for any attachment such as is customarily employed in tools of this character.

As has already been stated, my invention aims at producing a plane body of the type referred to which shall be accurately formed. One of the great difficulties to overcome I will now describe. It is a well known fact that the machining of the outer flat face of a casting releases the surface tension and permits the tension on the opposite (unmachined) face to act in such a manner as to twist and warp the structure; to illustrate, were it not for the recessed form of the outer face of the side plate 8, the machining of that side to produce a bearing surface would release the surface tension on the outer side and result in warping and buckling, tending to distort and throw out of line the two sole sections 1–2 of the plane body. This buckling would occur during or immediately following the machining process. To avoid this disastrous effect, I provide a construction which requires the machining of such a relatively small area of the surface 8 that the surface tension is not released to any dangerous extent. Consequently, the tension being substantially balanced on the opposite surface of the side plate 8, all tendency to injurious warping or twisting is eliminated. It should be stated that the unmachined held of surface metal between the bearing faces 8a of the side plate 8 affords more than a mere panel intended only for the reception of a name or number. In the present instance, this unmachined surface of substantial area is so located as to overcome the aforesaid injurious tendency of warping by reason of the lessening of the surface tension at the vulnerable point.

A further advantage growing out of this construction is the rapidity and ease with which this machining process may be effected. The sum of these advantages results in great economies that add to the durability or accuracy of the instrument.

While of course I have shown herein the preferred embodiment of my invention, it is obvious that in some respects the construction may be modified or varied without changing materially those features of improvement which characterize my invention. Hence it may be stated that I contemplate that reasonable latitude may be had in the particular design resorted to.

What I claim is:

1. A plane body formed of cast metal including two sole sections separated by a throat, a wall or plate integrally connecting said sections by an arch at one side of the plane body and including a plurality of substantially horizontally disposed and inwardly directed spaced ribs extending laterally across the plane body, a standard at the opposite side of the plane forming a bearing support projecting upwardly from the forward sole section and connected to the last mentioned rib, and still another rib extending across the plane body from the support on one side to the plate on the other side and forming a combined deflector and strengthening rib.

2. A plane body formed of cast metal including two sole sections separated by a throat, a wall or plate integrally connecting said sections by an arch at one side of the plane body and including a plurality of substantially horizontally disposed and inwardly directed spaced ribs extending laterally across said body, a standard at the opposite side of the plane forming a bearing support projecting upwardly from the forward sole section and connected to the last mentioned rib, and still another rib extending across said body from the support on one side to the plate on the other side and forming a combined deflector and strengthening rib, said last mentioned rib being also integrally connected with said bearing support and one of said sole sections.

3. A plane body formed of cast metal including two sole sections separated by a throat, a wall or plate at one side, connecting said sections by an arch at one side of the plane body, a standard at the opposite side of the plane forming a bearing support, the inner side of said standard being integrally connected to the inner side of said wall or plate, the outer or bearing side of said plate where said arch is formed having a relatively raised bearing surface, said bearing surface being machined, the relatively unraised portion being unmachined to balance surface tension on opposite sides of said plate at said arch.

4. A plane body formed of cast metal including two sole sections separated by a throat, a wall or plate connecting said sections at one side of the plane body and including a plurality of substantially horizontally disposed ribs at the inner side of said side plate, the outer or bearing side of said side plate having a relatively raised bearing surface, said bearing surface being machined, said unraised portion being unmachined, said unmachined surfaces being so disposed relatively to the forward and rear sections of the sole portions of the plane as to retain surface tension at the point where buckling would tend to occur between the two sole sections.

5. A plane body comprising a forward sole section and a rear sole section arranged in line and separated by a narrow throat, a wall or plate connecting said two sections at one side of the plane body, all of said parts being formed integrally by casting, the outer bearing surface of said wall or plate including a smoothed machined bearing surface and an umnachined surface arranged in a plane slightly below the plane of the bearing surface, said unmachined portion being so located with relation to the forward and rear sole sections as to retain surface tension at the point between the front and rear sole sections where buckling would tend to occur.

CHRISTIAN BODMER.

Witnesses:
THOMAS K. O’CONNOR,
JOSEPH M. HANCE.

No. 955,557 – Plane (Edmund A. Schade) (1910)

[paiddownloads id=”670″]955557

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

EDMUND A. SCHADE, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO STANLEY RULE &
LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

955,557. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Apr. 19, 1910.
Application filed November 4, 1909. Serial No. 526,204.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDMUND A. SCHADE, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in planes.

The object of the invention is to provide a simple and effective means to facilitate the adjustment of the plane frog to and fro for the proper positioning of the cutting edge of the plane iron in the throat of the plane.

In the drawings — Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a plane taken approximately on the plane of the line x–x of Fig. 2, certain parts being shown in elevation; Fig. 2 is a cross section of the body of the plane on the line y–y, Fig. 1, showing a portion of the plane frog in elevation; F ig. 3 is a view of the under side of the forward part of the plane frog; Fig. 4 is a plan view of that part of the body of the plane which supports the frog.

1 represents the sole of the plane body; 2 the throat therein, and 3–3 are the cheek pieces. Immediately to the rear of the throat 2 is a smooth bearing support 5 designed to receive a cooperating bearing surface 7 at the forward end of the frog 6. Still farther to the rear of the throat 2 is an elevated bearing support 8, the rear portion of which is constructed to receive and support a cooperating bearing surface 9 on the frog. The bearing supports 5–8 are spaced apart so that the frog will be supported at two different points.

10 is a longitudinally arranged guide and strengthening rib on the upper side of the sole of the plane extending rearwardly from a point at or near the throat 2.

11 is a groove or slot in the under side of the frog, the side walls of which are arranged to take a bearing upon the side walls of the rib 10 whereby said rib 10 will serve to hold the frog in correct aiinement and guide the frog in its movement to and fro, thereby avoiding any twist or lateral displacement of the frog as it is being adjusted.

12–12a are longitudinal slots in the frog, parallel with the groove 11 but somewhat to the rear of the same. These slots are arranged to receive clamping screws 13–13a respectively. The lower ends of these clamping screws take into threaded openings 14–14a respectively in the sole of the plane which openings are arranged forward of the most elevated portion of the support 8.

15 is an adjusting screw carried by the sole of the plane at the rear of and below the bearing 8. This screw has a groove 15a arranged to receive a yoke 16, which is secured to the rear of the frog. When the screw 15 is moved to and fro, it will impart a corresponding movement to the frog.

17 is the plane iron or cutter held in place on the frog by the usual cap 18.

In operation, the frog is secured in place by means of the screws 13–13a, the same being set down snugly so as to prevent accidental or unintentional displacement of the frog. The strain of these screws, as shown, comes upon an intermediate part of the frog between the supports 5–8. The plane iron and cap are then applied. The adjustment of the plane iron for the purpose of projecting or retracting the cutting edge of the same may be accomplished in any well known manner, that being immaterial to my invention. If it is found that the position of the plane iron, fore and aft, in the throat 2 should be changed, it is merely necessary to move the screw 15 in the proper direction and to the desired extent, producing thereby the desired movement and adjustment of the frog. If by chance (and it is practically impossible to prevent it) one of the screws 13 or 13a is screwed down more tightly than the other, it is obvious that any movement to and fro of the frog would tend to twist the same upon its bearing supports by reason of an abnormal drag on one side of the center line. The provision of the guide rib 10 which fits between the guide walls of the groove 11 will prevent this displacement. I have found that even though the screws 13–13a be screwed down very tightly nevertheless adjustment of the frog by means of the screw 15 alone may be readily effected, due doubtless to the smooth bearing supports 5–8 and the co-acting smooth bearing surfaces 7–9 and to the fact that there is sufficient elasticity or spring in the frog along the line of the clamping screws 13–13a to prevent the absolute locking of the frog. While the clamping engagement of the screws 13–13a is not sufficient to prevent the intentional adjustment of the frog by the screw 15, said clamping engagement is quite sufficient to prevent accidental or unintentional displacement of the frog, particularly as in this respect the guiding rib 10 and the adjusting screw 15 cooperate with the clamping screws 13–13a in the retention of the frog in any of its adjusted positions.

l am aware that heretofore separated frog supports, adjusting screws, clamping screws and reinforcing ribs are old but in the present instance I have added a new function to the reinforcing rib, viz., the guiding function, and have thereby produced a means for permitting the quick and accurate adjustment of a plane frog, which means is vastly more simple and far more effective than any adjusting means heretofore produced in that it eliminates certain parts and operations heretofore regarded as essential, simplifies the act of adjusting, and guarantees a straight line movement of the frog to and fro. ln devices of this character it is desirable that the plane iron should be in position when the adjustment of the frog is being effected. By my improvement this is possible.

It is obvious that the number of guiding ribs 10 employed may be increased, but one is sufficient, and is, indeed, preferable. It is obvious that the rib 10 may engage the side walls of the groove 11 throughout their entire length, but in the preferred form it is desirable to cut back or narrow the top of the rib to the rear of its front end, so that the active guiding part of the rib is comparatively short and close to the throat. By this arrangement a slight lateral adjustment of the extreme rear end of the frog may be had in assembling the plane, only a very slight adjustment at this point ever being required (if at all) to secure the accurate positioning of the frog on the supports 5 and 8 relatively to the throat.

In practice I accomplish the proper positioning of the frog on its support in the following manner: Before tightening up the screw which holds the fork in its place, I place the forward end of the frog in its proper position upon the rib and then swing the rear end of the frog to right or to left as may be necessary to secure perfect alinement between the frog and center line of the plane bottom. During this swinging movement the fork 16 (loose on its own fastening screw) engages the circular groove 15a. When perfect alinement is secured, I force home the screw which holds the fork, thereby securing all the parts in cooperative combination. In this way the fore and aft movement of the frog on the plane bottom is made to be in perfect alinement throughout. When the fore and aft movement is secured in this manner the front edge of the frog is always parallel to the throat of the plane. This method is found to be advantageous in practice, although it is evident that with sufficient pains the proper cooperative relations of the frog and plane bottom may be secured even if the fork were firmly fastened in the first instance.

It is evident that yoke 16 and the adjusting screw 15 may be reversed, that is to say, the yoke may be secured by a screw to the bottom of the plane and the adjusting screw be inserted in the rear of the frog, these two elements cooperating with each other in the same way, whichever one of them may be uppermost. Likewise the fork may be cast integral with the portion of which it is a part.

What I claim is:

1. A bench plane comprising a body portion having a transverse throat in the sole portion thereof, a frog support to the rear of said throat, a frog mounted thereon for adjustment to and fro, means for frictionally clamping said frog to said support, a combined guide and operating means located at and accessible at the rear of the frog for moving said frog on said support longitudinally of the plane body, and a guiding rib and groove engagement between said frog and support adjacent to the throat of the plane whereby said frog will be prevented from twisting out of correct alinement relatively to the throat as it is adjusted to and fro.

2. A bench plane comprising a plane body having a transverse throat in its sole portion, a frog support, a frog mounted thereon, means for frictionally clamping said frog to said support on both sides of the central vertical plane thereof, and intermediate its forward and rear ends a single positively operating means for adjusting said frog on said support longitudinally of said plane, and a guiding rib and groove engagement between said frog and support at the forward end of the frog and adjacent to the throat of the plane whereby the said single adjusting means will move the frog parallel with said central vertical plane regardless of difference of degree of clamping between said clamping means.

EDMUND A. SCHADE.

Witnesses:
W. J. WORAM,
I. W. CHAPMAN.

No. 955,556 – Plane (Edmund A. Schade) (1910)

[paiddownloads id=”669″]955556

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

EDMUND A. SCHADE, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE
& LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

955,556. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Apr. 19, 1910.
Application filed March 18, 1909. Serial No. 484,099.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDMUND A. SCHADE, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in planes, the main object being to provide superior adjusting means.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the body of a plane and certain parts, showing also certain other parts in side elevation, this section being taken on approximately the line W–W Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a cross-section on the line X–X Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 3 is a cross-section on the line Y–Y Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 11 is a cross-section on the line Z–Z Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 5 is a central longitudinal section of certain parts of the plane. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section taken on the same plane as the section of Fig. 1 and showing a modiication. Figs. 7 and 8 are side elevations of companion parts. Fig. 9 is a side elevation of a modified part.

1 represents the frame of a plane provided with the usual sole and cheek pieces, and having the usual handles 2–2.

3 is a saddle mounted on the sele of the plane and preferably integral therewith. This saddle 3 furnishes a support for the frog 4, upon which is mounted the plane-iron 5, the same being secured thereto by the well known clamp 5a not necessary to describe in detail herein. The forward or cutting edge of the plane-iron 5 projects through a throat 6 in the sole of the plane. In the particular form shown, the saddle 3 is provided with a rib 7, which enters a groove in the lower end of the frog 4 and so fits the same that it operates as a guide to guarantee an accurate fore and aft movement of the frog relatively to the longitudinal axis of the plane while adjustment is being effected. The frog is suitably shaped to rest upon the saddle 3 so that it may be adjusted back and forth, thereby shifting as desired the cutting edge of the plane-iron 5 forward and back in the throat 6. The usual adjusting mechanism to vary the projection of the plane-iron may be provided, but, since the same constitutes no part of this invention, it need not be described herein.

The particular feature of invention herein disclosed relates to the adjustment of the frog, whereby the throat clearance may be varied. To accomplish the adjustment of the frog, I provide an adjusting screw 8 mounted at the rear of the saddle 3 and operating to and fro. A forked plate 9 carried by and at the rear of the frog 4 stands in an annular groove in the head of the screw 8 so that as the screw 8 is operated to and fro, it imparts a corresponding movement to the frog, provided the latter is not locked in place. To lock the latter in place, I provide a simple and effective clamping mechanism comprising (in the form shown in Figs. 1 to 4 and 6 and 7) the tubular shank 10 arranged vertically in a suitable bore in the saddle 3. As shown, two of these tubular shanks 10 are provided and each of these shanks is preferably threaded to receive a screw 10a, the shank of each screw standing in a longitudinal slot 4a in the frog 4.

11–11 are set-screws which pass into the rear of the saddle 3 so as to be easily accessible from the rear. These screws preferably have conical noses at the forward end, which pass into recesses in the side of each sleeve 10 so that when said screws 11 are advanced they will operate to force the sleeves 10 down so as to clamp the heads of the screws 10a tightly against the frog, in turn drawing the frog hard down against the saddle 3. Ordinarily, in planes of this character, it has been necessary, in order to adjust the frog, to remove the plane-iron 5. Inasmuch as the degree of throat clearance cannot be accurately and quickly determined when the plane-iron is removed, it follows that an adjusting device which is accessible and operable when the plane-iron is in place, furnishes an exceedingly valuable improvement.

By my invention all that is required is to simply loosen the screws 11–11, after which the adjusting screw 8 may be turned in a direction to advance or retract the frog to the desired extent. When the proper adjustment has been attained, the set-screws 11–11 are advanced by a screw-driver entered from the rear, until the heads of the screws 10a draw down on the frog and clamp it firmly to the saddle.

During the period of adjustment, the rib serves to guide the forward edge of the frog to and fro in exactly the proper line, thus relieving all the other parts of this burden. While of course an approximate alinement might be given by the cheek-pieces, it would require an expensive machining operation to so finish the cheek pieces and frog sides that accurate alinement, from this source, could be relied upon. By my invention the rib 7 may be cast integrally with the saddle and the groove in the lower side of the frog which rides on the rib may be quickly and easily formed so as to guarantee the maximum of perfection in adjustment at a minimum of expense and labor.

In the modification shown in Figs. 6 and 9, I provide the solid clamping stud 10b in place of the companion parts 10–10a, and in this case, instead of providing a tubular sleeve similar to 10, I provide a solid shank for the stud 10b.

I am aware that various modifications may be made, and, so long as the construction selected provides for adjustment of the frog without removing the plane-iron therefrom, I deem such modification as within the scope of the broadest of the claims herein.

What I claim is:

1. In a plane, a body portion having a sole and a throat therein, a frog support arranged at the rear of said throat and extending transversely across the sole, a frog mounted on said support, and adjustable to and fro, means for adjusting said frog comprising a screw accessible at the rear of said frog, means to secure said frog on said support comprising a clamping device projecting downwardly through the frog and into said support, a locking device comprising a screw entering said support from the rear, the forward end of said screw having a cone head, a recess in said clamping device into which said cone head may be projected, the inclined wall of said cone head engaging and forcing said clamping device in a direction to rigidly secure said frog in place.

2. In a plane, a body portion having a sole and a throat therein, a frog support arranged at the rear of said throat and extending transversely across the sole, a frog mounted on said support and adjustable to and fro, means for adjusting said frog comprising a screw accessible at the rear of said frog, means to secure said frog on said support comprising a two part clamping device projecting downwardly through the frog and into said support, a locking device comprising a screw entering said support from the rear, the forward end of said screw having a cone head, a recess in said clamping device into which said cone head may be projected, the inclined wall of said cone head engaging and forcing said clamping device in a direction to rigidly secure said frog in place, said clamping device being adjustable as to length.

EDMUND A. SCHADE.

Witnesses:
W. J. WORAM,
I. W. CHAPMAN.

No. 930,307 – Plane (Charles E. Mitchell And Edmund A. Schade) (1909)

[paiddownloads id=”664″]930307

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHARLES E. MITCHELL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., AND EDMUND A. SCHADE, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNORS TO THE STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

930,307. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Aug. 3, 1909.
Application filed May 6, 1902. Serial No. 106,200.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, CHARLES E. MICHELL and EDMUND A. SCHADE, citizens of the United States, residing at New York, N. Y., and New Britain, Connecticut, respectively, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

Our invention relates to improvements in the construction of planes, and particularly to the parts which are adapted to carry and provide adjustment for plane irons in that class known as bench planes.

The part of the plane which immediately supports the cutting tool or plane iron is commonly termed a frog. This part is so constructed as to bear upon and be supported by the stock portion of the plane and to itself carry and provide means for adjusting the position of the iron. This frog is commonly constructed of cast iron and separate from the base or stock portion of the plane. Frogs constructed in this manner of cast metal are heavy, and having the usual characteristics of such metal, are easily broken and but poorly adapted to withstand the strains to which such a structure is subjected. The great weight is also a material element in considering the usefulness and general utility of a plane. For this reason, it is desirable that the parts shall he made as light as possible and consistent with a requisite strength. In casting such a body as this, it is not feasible to make it of such a finish as to be immediately useful in the final construction which is desired. For this reason it is necessary that it should be put through several finishing operations under machine tools in which the surfaces are given the proper angles relatively to one another and finished to present satisfactory bearing surfaces and appearance. Being of irregular and peculiar shape, there are moreover set up in a frog strains due to the unequal cooling of the metal in different parts of the frog consequent upon the casting operation. These strains are likely to and often do cause checks and irregularities in the structure to such a degree that the parts are the more easily subject to fracture when used in the ordinary course of business. Even if actual defects do not appear on the surface of the metal, there sometimes are such initial strains in the interior as to seriously impair the strength of the parts. For these reasons and in order to make the structure in a more simple and economical manner we have constructed the parts of sheet metal which may he for instance cold rolled steel. ln this way a very light, reliable and economical structure is effected which in its use is most satisfactory and durable.

ln the drawings: Figure 1 is a side elevation partly in section of a plane embodying the improvements of our invention. 2 is a perspective view from the rear of the parts which immediately support a plane iron. Fig. 3 is a rear elevation of the same with what may be termed yoke portion of Fig. 4. Fig. 4 is a perspective view from the front of this so-called yoke portion. Fig. 5 is a view partly in section of the Y-adjustment lever which is used with the part of Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a side elevation and section of the plane iron supporting member and adjusting devices.

In Fig. I the stock or base portion of the plane is represented as shown at 1 which may have as usual a rear handle and a forward knob for convenience in handling the same. In the base of the stock portion is provided the usual throat or opening 10, and to the rear a chair or seat 13. Above the chair is supported the part 2 which may he herein termed the frog and which provides the immiediate support or bearing for a plane iron. Beneath this frog is what may be conveniently termed a yoke portion 3 which may he attached to the frog as hereinafter set forth. The plane iron 4 which rests upon the face of the frog is in the form shown provided with a plate 5 at its upper surface. These are in turn held in place by a cap iron 6 and are provided with the Y-adjustment lever 7 coacting with an adjusting nut 8. A laterally adjusting lever 9 is secured at the top of the frog.

The yoke portion 3 which is formed at the lease in a manner suitable to cooperate with the chair portion 13 of the stock 1, is provided with slots or holes 30. Through these holes pass the screws 31 which secure the yoke portion to the base and thus provide a forward and backward adjustment for the position of the frog. The front end 32 of the base portion of the yoke may be bent downward at an angle to correspond with the under surface of the face of the frog to which it may be secured, as for example by rivets. The upright portion or back of the yoke extends upward and is secured at the downwardly bent portion 36 to the frog at a point just above the opening 20 in the face of the frog. Through this opening access may be had readily to the securing screws 31 in the base.

When the plane iron and plate are adjusted in position and secured to the frog by means of the cap iron 6 and cap screw 61, the frog is subjected to stresses of considerable amounts. To provide for meeting these stresses it is desirable that the sides of the frog should be bent down and depressed to form reinforcing flanges. It will be noted that these flanges as shown are substantially triangular in form and correspond in depth from the face of the frog very closely to the diagram of changes in bending moments which would occur in a beam loaded in the center and supported at the ends, which is the case that we have herein. The cap iron 6 is provided with a cam lever 65 for effecting the requisite pressure between the cap and the plane iron or the plane iron plate for holding the parts in place.

The upper end of the bearing face of the frog is depressed in a truss-like form at 29 to provide a recess in which the lower end of the aterally adjusting lever 9 may be pivoted at 92 and operate. The end of this lever 9 may be provided as is usual in planes of this character with a disk 94 which cooperates with a slot 40 in the plane iron 4 to effect the desired lateral adjustment. The depth of the cutting edge of the instrument may be adjusted by means of what is known as a Y-adjustment 7 in which the nose 75 projects forward through an opening in the face of the frog into a hole 50 in the plate which is above the plane iron. The plane-iron and plate being secured together by the screw 45, movement up and down of the Y-adjustment will also operate the plane iron itself.

The face of the frog is provided with a perforation or recess to receive the head of the securing screw which is thus let into the platform and allows the plane iron to have a smooth and even bearing upon the face of the frog. Above this recess the metal of the frog may be cut out and bent back in the form of ears 27 which will provide bearings for the pivot of the Y-adjustment. In order that these ears may be bent back at convenient angles and with as little injury to the metal as possible, it is desirable that the sides of the recess should be cut back both above and below the ears and at the base thereof as shown particularly in Fig. 3. ln order that the Y adjustment 7 may have a secure and even bearing and also to increase the economy and efficiency of the device, we have made the Y-adjusting lever 7 of sheet metal as shown in Fig. 5, in which 70, 70 are perforations in the two opposite sides of the lever to provide for the pivot pin. It will thus be seen that the lever has two bearings and that they are spaced apart a considerable distance. The lower ends of the arms 78 coact with the adjusting nut 8 which operates on the screw 81. in this construction as shown particularly in Fig. 6 the adjusting screw 81 is conveniently seated in the back of the yoke at a point near the top thereof where the strength and rigidity of the same would be sufficient to give it a secure bearing. lt is also desirable that the face of the frog should have a reinforcing piece at the point where the cap screw 61 is attached thereto. The bent down portion 36 of the yoke provides this in a most satisfactory manner. By this structure also the cap screw tends to aid in holding the yoke and the frog more securely together. The upper portion 33 of the back of the yoke may be out away as appears most clearly in Fig. 3, and thus provide an easy and convenient access for the purpose if desired of riveting the plate 36 to the frog 2. The lower front end of the yoke acts also as a reinforcement to the lower front edge or toe of the frog in the structure herein shown, and materially adds to the strength and efficiency of the parts since the pressure of the lower end of the cap iron 6 is applied near this point. The cutting edge of the plane iron may be projected through the throat or slot 10 in the base of the stock portion just in front of the toe of the frog. The face of the frog is also reinforced as shown by the depressed portion 29 which in stamping the article forms a corrugation at that point substantially opposite the point of application of the pressure applied by the cam lever 65 at the upper end of the cap iron.

The whole structure is exceedingly light in weight and although very simple and economical in its construction is durable and efficient.

The yoke 3 forms a backing for the plane-iron and may be referred to in some of the claims by the term backing or frog backing.

What we claim is:

1. In a plane the combination of a stock-portion having a throat therein for the passage of a plane-iron, a chair at the rear of said throat, a sheet metal frog adapted to sit upon said chair, a plane-iron bearing against the face of said frog, a plate for said plane-iron, a screw for securing said plane-iron and said plate together, a perforation through the face of said frog forming a cavity to receive the head of said screw the head of said screw being accessible from the rear of said frog, the sides of said frog being depressed to form supporting flanges, substantially as described.

2. In a plane the combination of a stock-portion having a throat therein for the passage of a plane-iron, a chair at the rear of said throat, a sheet metal frog sitting upon said chair, a plane-iron bearing against the face of said frog, a plate reinforcing said plane-iron, a screw for securing said plane-iron and said plate together, a recess in the face of said frog forming a cavity to receive the head of said screw, pivot ears formed from the metal of the face of said frog and bent above said recess forming bearings for the pivot of an adjustment lever.

3. In a plane the combination of a stock-portion having a throat therein for the passage of a plane-iron, a chair at the rear of said throat, a sheet metal frog sitting upon said chair, a plane-iron bearing against the face of said frog, a plate for said plane-iron, a screw for securing said plane-iron and said plate together, a perforation through the face of said frog forniing a cavity to receive the head of said screw, pivot ears formed frori the metal of said frog and above said cavity forming bearings for the pivot of an adjustment lever, said adjustinent lever being formed of sheet metal and having bearings in the opposite sides thereof, substantially as described.

4. In a plane the combination of a stock-portion having a throat therein for the passage of a plane-iron, a raised chair at the rear of said throat, a sheet metal frog for said chair, a plane-iron bearing against the face of said frog, a plate over said plane-iron, a screw for securing said plane-iron and said plate together, a perforation through the face of said frog forming a cavity to receive the head of said screw the head of said screw being accessible from the rear of said frog, the sides of said frog being depressed and forrning triangular shaped supporting flanges for said frog resting on said chair, the forward edge of said frog projecting downward beyond the chair and resting on the sole back of the throat and forward of the chair.

5. In a plane, a stock-portion having a chair seat therein, a frog adapted to support a plane-iron and adjacent parts, the sides of said frog being depressed to form supporting and reinforcing flanges and a sheet metal yoke portion secured to said frog, and means for securing said yoke portion to said frog portion, substantially as described.

6. In a plane, the combination of a stock-portion, a frog for supporting a plane-iron, the said frog being formed of sheet metal having the opposite sides depressed to forrn supporting and reinforcing flanges, a yoke secured to said frog forming a seat for said frog, and a screw secured in said yoke portion and adapted to carry a means for adjusting the cutting depth of a plane-iron.

7. In a plane, a stock-portion having a chair therein, a sheet metal frog adapted to support a plane-iron, screws for securing said frog to said stock-portion, a perforation through the face of said frog to permit of access to the said screws, a plane-iron having a plate at the top thereof, a screw for securing said plate and said iron together, a perforation in the face of said frog to receive the head of said screw, a lever for laterally adjusting the position of said plane-iron, a depressed portion from the face of said frog to form a recess to receive said laterally adjusting lever, pivot ears struck from the metal of said frog and bent down to form bearings for an adjustment lever, the metal of the face of said frog being cut away above and below at the sides of said ears, substantially as described.

8. ln a plane, a stock-portion having a chair therein, a sheet metal frog adapted to support a plane-iron, screws for securing said frog to said stock-portion, a perforation through the face of said frog to permit of access to said screws, a plane-iron having a plate at the top thereof, a screw for securing said plate and said iron together, a perforation in the face of said frog to receive the head of said screw, a lever for laterally adjusting the position of said plane-iron, a depressed portion from the face of said frog to form a recess to receive said laterally adjusting lever, pivot ears struck from the metal of said frog and bent down to forrn bearings for an adiustrnent lever, the metal of the face of said frog being out away at the sides of said ears, and a yoke portion secured to said frog forming a reinforce therefor, and providing a bearing for a cap screw and also a bearing for an adjusting screw.

9. ln a plane, a sheet metal frog forrned with depressed side flanges, a sheet metal yoke having slots in the base thereof for adjusting-screws, said yoke being bent down at the upper portion and secured to the underside of the face of said frog, substantially as described.

10. ln a plane, a sheet metal frog formed with depressed side flanges, a sheet metal yoke having slots in the base thereof for adjusting-screws, said yoke being bent down at the upper-portion and secured to said frog, and a cut out portion in the face of said frog below the point of attachrnent of the upper end of said yoke, whereby access may be had to the slots in the base of said yoke, as and for the purpose specified.

11. In a plane, a frog formed of sheet metal having the sides depressed to form supporting flanges , a yoke formed of sheet metal and separately therefrom but united to the underside of the face thereof at the lower end and also at the upper end by a bent down portion, substantially as described.

12. ln a plane, a stock-portion, a frog for and forming a bearing for a plane-iron, means for securing said frog to said stock-portion, a plane-iron secured to the face of said frog, a plate secured to said plane-iron, a screw for fastening said plate to said iron, a recess in the face of said frog forming a cavity to receive the head of said screw, bearings formed integral with said frog and above said recess, an adjustment lever formed of sheet metal and having its nose projecting upward into a hole in said plate and having bearings in the two opposite sides thereof for a pivot therefor, and means for operating said adjusting lever, substantially as described.

13. In a plane, a stock-portion, a frog for and forming a bearing for a plane-iron, means for securing said frog to said stock-portion, a plane-iron secured to the face of said frog, a plate secured to said plane-iron, a screw for fastening said plate to said iron, a recess in the face of said frog forming a cavity to receive the head of said screw, pivot bearing ears formed integral with said frog, the face of said frog being out away at the sides near the upper and lower edges of each pivot bearing ears for the purpose specified.

14. In a plane, a stock-portion, a frog for supporting a plane-iron, a yoke portion formed of sheet metal and secured to said frog portion and having slots in the base thereof for receiving securing screws and a support in the rear thereof for carrying a Y-adjustment screw.

15. In a plane, a frog formed of sheet metal having a perforation near the top thereof to receive a screw-head, a yoke portion formed of sheet metal and at its lower forward edge parallel to the face of said frog portion, the base of said yoke portion being bent back from the face of said frog to form a bearing surface and slotted to receive securing screws, the back of said yoke portion being adapted to form a bearing for an adjustment lever screw, and means for securing the upper end of said yoke to said frog.

16. In a plane, a frog formed of sheet metal having a recess near the top thereof to receive a screw-head, a yoke portion formed of sheet metal and secured at its lower forward edge to said frog portion, the base of said yoke portion being bent back from said frog and having holes to receive securing screws, the back of said yoke portion being adapted to form a bearing for an adjustment screw, the upper end of said yoke being bent downward and forward and parallel to the face of said frog, and means for securing said bent down portion to said frog.

17. In a plane, a frog formed of sheet metal adapted to support a plane iron, a yoke portion formed of sheet metal and at its lower forward edge secured to said frog portion, the base of said yoke portion having holes to receive securing screws, the back of said yoke portion being adapted to form a bearing for an adjustment screw, the upper end of said yoke forming a supporting means for a cap screw.

18. In a plane, a frog formed of sheet metal adapted to form a bearing for a plane iron, a yoke-portion formed of sheet metal and secured at its lower edge to said frog portion, the base of said yoke portion having holes to receive securing screws, the back of said yoke portion being adapted to form a bearing for an adjustment screw, and means for securing the upper end of said yoke to said frog, the sides of said frog being depressed to form reinforcing flanges about said yoke portion.

19. In a plane, a plane stock, a chair portion therein, a frog adapted to carry a plane-iron, a sheet metal yoke secured to said frog having a base portion and being secured at its upper portion to the said frog and having a back portion extending from said upper portion to said base, said back portion being narrowed at the top adjacent said top portion to facilitate attaching the said top portion to the said frog.

20. A frog for a plane said frog being formed of wrought metal, the opposite edges being turned downwardly, a sheet metal frog-backing to the rear and underneath said frog, permanently secured to the frog, and means for removably securing the backing to the plane stock.

21. In a plane, the combination of a stock portion, a frog formed of sheet metal and adapted to support a plane iron said frog having downwardly extending flanges formed integrally with its face, a rearwardly extending sheet metal member carried by said frog and substantially parallel to the upper surface of the sole of said stock portion an upward extension therefrom secured to the back of the frog and means for securing said frog to said stock portion whereby it may be adjusted backward and forward on its seat.

22. In a plane, a plane stock, a frog formed of sheet metal and having reinforcing side flanges, a sheet metal frog-backing formed separately from said stock and said frog, means for securing said backing to said frog and means for adjustably securing said backing to said stock to permit said frog to be adjusted to and fro and a passage through the frog to afford access to the last mentioned means.

23. A frog for a plane, said frog being formed of sheet metal, downwardly extending integral side flanges and a separately formed sheet metal downwardly extending and reinforcing backing secured to the frog.

24. A frog for planes, said frog being formed of sheet metal, a separate backing attached thereto and extending downwardly and to the rear thereof, screws for securing said frog to the plane, a passage through the face of the frog to afford access to the screws, an opening in the upper part of the frog and integral lugs adjacent to said opening and a lever pivot-ed between said lugs.

25. In a plane, a stock portion, a frog therefor formed of sheet metal and having at downwardly extending backing securely fixed at the rear thereof end resting on the stock, and means for removably securing the same thereto.

26. In a plane, the combination of a stock portion, a sheet metal frog adapted to support a plane iron and a reinforcing sheet metal yoke portion secured to said frog, said yoke portion having a downwardly extending member, a forwardly extending member and a further downwardly and forwardly extending member, the letter being secured to said frog adjacent its foward lower end.

27. In plane, a stock portion, a frog carried thereby, a plane iron and cap carried by said frog, a lever for adjusting said plane iron formed of sheet metal and having side arms connected by an integral bend forming a double nose for engagement with the plane iron, and an adjusting member cooperating with said side arms for moving said lever.

Signed at New Britain, Conn., this 2d day of May 1902.

CHARLES E. MITCHELL.
EDMUND A. SCHADE.

Witnesses:
H. S. WALTER,
W. J. WORAM.

No. 928,227 – Tool-Handle (Charles B. Stanley) (1909)

[paiddownloads id=”662″]928227

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHARLES B. STANLEY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE
& LEVEL COMPANY, OF MERIDEN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

TOOL-HANDLE.

_________________

928,227. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented July 13, 1909.
Application filed February 20, 1909. Serial No. 479,081.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES B. STANLEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Tool-Handles, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to new improvements in tool handles and is particularly useful for plane handles.

The object of the invention is to provide an improved combination of parts whereby composition and similar handles may be constructed in such a way as to effectively withstand the strain which comes upon the fastening screw at the forward portion of the handle, thereby removing the danger of breakage, which has been found to be in this class of handles, very great.

In the manufacture of what are known as imitation rubber handles, the composition material employed is of a fibrous or brittle nature, and it frequently happens, owing to the shape of the handle, that the material through which the forward screw passes is unequal to the strain and that portion of the handle becomes broken.

With my invention I propose to overcome this defect and to provide the handle at its most vulnerable point with an effective reinforcing device which can be very economically produced, and in combination with the remainder of the handle, be used to great advantage.

In the accompanying drawings, — Figure 1 is a vertical section of a handle for a plane, the reinforcement therefor being shown in side elevation. Fig. 2 is a section on the line X–X Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the reinforcement, detached. Fig. 4 is a plan view thereof. Fig. 5 is a view of the under side thereof.

1 represents the body or grip portion of the composition plane handle, usually made from fibrous material of considerable brittleness, molded to the desired shape. The handle is usually screwed to the upper side of the sole of the plane (not shown) by means of suitable fastening devices passing through the apertures 2 and 3. Inasmuch as the aperture 3 is located in a comparatively thin part of the extended base 1a of the handle, the pressure employed in screwing the handle in place is frequently such as to break the handle. Then, too, the strain which comes upon the forward end of the handle, when held by the operator, is very great, owing to the weight of the plane, which is largely borne by that end. Also, the inclination of the large screw which enters the aperture 2 is such as to cause the handle to be forced backward in attaching it to the plane, thereby creating what is known as the drag of the screw. This drag of the screw causes the handle to move backward relatively to the plane sole, to which it is attached, and when the material is fibrous or brittle, causes the material to be broken adjacent to the forward screw. To overcome this defect I provide metallic means for reinforcing the lower part of the handle, taking the strain of the screws and relieving the handle from all tendency to breakage, the reinforcing means in the particular form shown herein comprising the plate 4, having the feet 5–6.

7 is a hub extending upward from the plate 4 and directly over the circular part of the foot 6. The screw hole, or passage 3, extends through the hub 7 and the foot 6. The screw passage 2, extends through the rear end of the plate 4, preferably closely adjacent to the foot 5, which, in this particular instance, is located just forward of said screw passage.

8 is a reinforcing web formed on the upper side of plate A to prevent the buckling or breaking of the base plate and to establish in general a secure and operative connection between the base plate and the remainder of the handle.

It should be understood that although the feet 5 and 6 perform a useful function, their use is preferable rather than essential, as the base plate 4 would in large measure discharge the duties required of it if the feet were removed and it rested directly upon the upper side of the sole of the plane.

It should be understood also that the shape of the reinforcing web where it extends up into the gripping portion of the handle, is not material. The height to which it extends, and the shape which it takes in the portion of the handle which is grasped by the hand, is a matter which may be greatly varied without departing from the spirit or true character of my invention.

In operation it will be seen that the strain which in use is occasioned by the screw passing through the passage 2, is taken by the portion of the metallic plate surrounding the screw, so that all danger of breaking off the handle at its base is avoided. Likewise, the strain, which, but for the metallic reinforcement, would come upon the extended front end of the handle when in use, is prevented from breaking the handle or doing damage in any way.

It will be understood that the head of the screw which extends through the passage 3, sets down upon the metallic hub 7 and that the pressure of the screw is transinitted directly downward to the base of the plane, the connection between the underside of the screw head and the sole of the plane being metallic all the way.

The strain occasioned by the drag upon the screw, inserted through the passage is taken by the metal surrounding the passage, thereby reducing all danger of breakage to a minimum.

The material of the handle being usually molded into shape permits the plate 4 and the parts connected therewith to be located within and hidden by the material of the handle, the only exposed parts being in the preferred form — the feet 5 and 6 and the upper end of the hub 7, which latter, when the screw is in place in the passage 3, is covered by the head thereof. By this means the strain of the holding screws is wholly taken up by the metallic portion of the plane handle, and the plane handle as a whole becomes as effectively provided with means for resisting tendencies to breakage as if it were not composed of a composition or other brittle material.

It should be stated that this invention is not confined to imitation rubber handles but extends to other handles produced by shaping in a mold and reinforced in the manner herein described.

It should also be understood that it is immaterial whether the reinforcing plate and its subordinate parts are composed of a single piece of cast metal or are made in separate parts and united together in any well understood mechanical manner.

What I claim is:

1. In a composition handle of the character described, a grip portion and a base portion, a plate reinforcement for said base embedded therein, said base having a screw passage extending through said plate, said reinforcement being arranged to take the strain of the screw and distribute the same along the base to relieve the material of the handle from said strain.

2. In a tool handle, a composition body molded to the form of the handle and comprising a grip portion and a base portion, a plate reinforcement for said base, said plate being embedded therein and having a foot projecting downwardly and terminating coincident with the lower bearing surface of the base portion, a screw passage adjacent to said foot, said reinforcement being arranged to take the strain of the screw to relieve the material of the handle from said strain.

3. In a composition tool handle of the character described, a base, a plate-like reinforcement embedded therein, a web reinforcement for said plate, said web being formed integrally therewith.

4. In a composition handle of the character described, a grip portion and a base portion, a metallic plate reinforcement for said base, two screw passages through said handle and plate, portions of said plate being arranged coincident with the lower surface of the base of the handle.

5. In a tool handle of the character described, a grip portion, a base extending forwardly from the lower end of said grip portion, a plate reinforcement for said base and having two screw passages, one coincident with the grip portion, and the other coincident with the forwardly extending base portion, a part of said plate being coincident with the lower surface of the base.

6. In a tool handle of the character described a grip portion, a base extending forwardly from the lower end of said grip portion, a plate reinforcement for said base and having two screw passages, one coincident with the grip portion, and the other coincident with the forwardly extending base portion, a part of said plate being coincident with the lower surface of the base, a hub on the plate surrounding the screw passage coincident with the forward rear extension of the base and arranged to directly receive the strain of the screw.

CHARLES B. STANLEY.

Witnesses:
W. J. WORAM,
H. S. WALTER.

No. 916,344 – Core-Box Plane (Clifford E. Martin) (1909)

[paiddownloads id=”659″]916344

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CLIFFORD E. MARTIN, OF GREENFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE &
LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

CORE-BOX PLANE.

_________________

916,344. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented March 23, 1909.
Application filed February 9, 1909. Serial No. 476,946.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CLIFFORD E. MARTIN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Greenfield, county of Franklin, State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Core-Box Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in planes, and particularly to that type of plane termed a “core-box” plane.

The broad object of the invention is to provide a simple improvement in planes of the above type, by which improvement perfect segments of circles may be planed out with the greatest ease and accuracy. This feature of improvement and others will be more fully explained in the following description.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of the plane complete. Fig. 2 is a rear end elevation of the plane as it appears when actually in use. Fig. 3 is a front end elevation of the plane. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of certain details. Fig. 5 is a perspective view, partly broken away, of one of the details shown in Fig. 4.

The stock of the plane includes a suitable handle 1 connected to the main body, which latter includes the two side plates 2 and 3. The surfaces of these two plates are arranged in two planes intersecting each other at an angle of 90°.

4 is the plane iron. In this particular form the plane iron is arranged in a groove intersecting the surface of the plate 2, said groove being formed at a suitable rearwardly inclined angle relatively to the direction of movement of the plane iron during its cutting movement. The cutting edge of the plane iron is exposed at the meeting angle of the plates 2 and 3, and the groove in which the plane iron stands is preferably cut back at an oblique angle to the surface of plate 12 so that its cutting edge will be presented obliquely to the work, thus producing a draw-cut.

5 represents a clearance groove or recess formed in the side plate 3 and intersecting the meeting angle of plates 2 and 3, and of a width corresponding substantially to the width of the plane iron. This clearance groove 5 is of sufficient depth to provide for the proper thickness of shaving. The cutting edge of the plane iron, when properly adjusted, is coincident with the surface of plate 3 so that the extreme edge will be located accurately in one of the planes of the right angle.

A clamping device 6 is carried by the plane iron and passes longitudinally through the base of the handle 1 and wholly below the grip portion thereof. This clamping device has a hooked end 6a arranged to partially embrace the plane iron 4 as shown in Fig. 4.

6b is a suitable screw device arranged to engage the rear end of the body 6 of the clamping device, said screw device 6b being accessible at the rear end of the base of said handle. This clamping device 6 is arranged at an angle to the plane iron as shown in Fig. 4 so that when the adjusting screw 6b is set down the hooked end 6a of the clamping member will bind the plane iron firmly upon its seat.

As will new be seen, when the plane is used in the manner illustrated in Fig. 2, the cutting will be performed in such a way as to work out a groove of perfect semi-circular outline in cross-section. That part of the clearance groove 5 in front of the cutting edge of the plane iron permits the latter to encounter the material to be cut without projecting said cutting edge beyond or outside of the right angle. That part of the groove 5 to the rear of the plane iron operates to let the edge of the plane settle at each stroke whether or not said plane is drawn back sufficiently far to cause the plane iron to entirely clear the end of the groove. Thus short strokes may be employed to cut away tenacious portions of the wood. Were it not for this rearward extension of the clearance groove 5, the progress of the work would be very much impeded.

The usual throat to permit the escape of shavings is of course provided directly in front of the cutting edge of the plane iron through which chips and shavings will escape in the usual manner.

What I claim is:

1. In a plane of the character described, a stock having two diverging side plates the surfaces of which are arranged at an angle of 90 degrees relatively to each other, a plane iron having its cutting edge coincident with said angle and extending to one side thereof and in the plane of one of the side plates, and a clearance groove in said side plate extending forwardljv and rearwardly of the cutting edge of said plane iron.

2. In a core-box plane, a stock comprising two side plates the surfaces of which are arranged in planes intersecting one another at right angles, a clearance groove in one of said plates extending the full length thereof and coincident with the angle of intersection of said side plates, a plane iron carried by said stock, and means for detachably holding said plane iron in place, the cutting edge of said plane iron projecting into said clearance groove.

3. In a core-box plane, a stock including two side plates the surfaces of which are arranged in intersecting planes at right angles to each other, a groove in one of said sides intersecting the surface thereof for receiving a plane iron, a plane iron adapted to said groove, and rneans for detachably holding the same therein, a clearance groove in the surface of the other plate to the front and rear of the cutting edge of the plane iron and of a width corresponding substantially thereto.

4. In a core-box plane, two side plates the surfaces of which are arranged in planes intersecting each other at right angles, a clearance groove in one of said plates at and adjacent to the meeting angle of said planes and extending the full length of said side plate, a plane iron, and means for detachably holding the same, the cutting edge of said plane iron projecting into said clearance groove and being arranged to stand directly in one of said intersecting planes.

5. ln a plane of the character described, a stock having two diverging side plates the surfaces of which are arranged at an angle of 90° relatively to each other, a plane iron having its cutting edge coincident with said angle and extending to one side thereof and in the plane of one of said plates, and a clearance groove in said side piate extending forwardly and rearivardly of the cutting edge of the plane iron, a handle arranged in the angle between the two side plates, and a clamping device carried lay said handle and wholly below the grip portion thereof.

6. ln a plane of the character described, a stock having two diverging side plates, the surfaces of which are arranged at an angle of 90° relatively to each other, a plane iron having its cutting edge coincident with said angle and extending to one side thereof and in the plane of one of said side plates, and a clearance groove in said side plate forward of said cutting edge, a handle arranged in the angle between the diverging side plates, and a clamping mernber for the plane iron arranged in the base of said handle and accessible at the rear thereof for operation.

CLIFFORD E. MARTlN.

Witnesses:
ELLEN K. O’KEEFE,
FRANCIS NIMS THOMPSON.

No. 865,560 – Plane (George Hunter Bartlett) (1907)

[paiddownloads id=”646″]865560

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

GEORGE HUNTER BARTLETT, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE &
LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

865,560. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Sept. 10, 1907.
Application filed May 21, 1907. Serial No. 374,960.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE HUNTER BARTLETT, a citizen of the United States, residing at Buffalo, Erie county, New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in planes, and particularly to that type of a plane termed a router, a tool which is used by carpenters, cabinet-makers, stair-builders, pattern-makers and wheelwrights. The function of the same is to rout out and smooth the bottom of grooves, panels and other depressions below general surfaces of woodwork.

The object of the invention is to provide an attachment whereby the tool may be converted from the open-throat plane to the closed-throat plane, the attachment being so mounted that it may be adjusted to a nicety. Beyond this the attachment is also so mounted that any adjustment of the bit or cutter will not disturb the same.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a plan view; Fig. $2 is a front elevation; and Fig. 3 is a vertical section taken through the middle of the plane.

1 is the main body or stock. 2–2 are the handles at opposite ends thereof. The stock or body 1 is cut partially through on its lower side to form the throat, in which the bit or cutter 3 stands, projecting forwardly therein, as best seen in Figs. 1 and 3.

4 is an arched bridge overstanding the forward end of the throat and uniting the two sides of the stock as best seen in Figs. 1 and 2.

5 is a stationary bearing post for the shank of the cutter or bit. Ordinarily the shank of a cutter is square in cross section and the forward side of the post 5 should, therefore, be shaped approximately thereto to furnish a superior support. The rear side of the post may also be flattened or grooved to receive the forward end of a lock-screw 6 carried by a collar 7, which extends around the post 5 and engages the shank of the cutter 3, as best seen in Fig. 1.

8 is a screw-threaded extension on the post 5, upon which extension is mounted a correspondingly screw-threaded adjusting nut 9, the edge of which makes a connection with the shank of the cutter so that by loosening up on screw 6 and adjusting the nut 9 up and down, the cutter can be raised and lowered to project to the desired depth below the sole of the body.

10 is a bracket preferably formed integrally with the arch or bridge 4.

11 is a set-screw for the bracket 10.

12 is a vertically adjustable post mounted in the bracket 10 and carrying at its lower end what I term a throat-closer or adjuster 14, which latter may, if desired, be detachably secured to the post 12 by means of a collar 14a and binding-screw 15.

The bracket 10 is preferably formed at the rear of the bridge or arch 4.

For certain kinds of work it is preferable to have a closed throat while for other kinds of work it is preferable to have an open throat. With my improvement the plane may be converted into one or the other at will. The adjustment up and down for the cutter in no way affects or disturbs the correct position of the member 14 after the latter has once been adjusted. By separating these parts and making them entirely independent, to wit, the adjustment for the cutter and the adjustment for the member 14, much unnecessary labor is avoided and a superior structure afforded.

The form of the bracket 10 may, of course be modified in many ways, similar clamping means to those shown to the rear for the cutter, being permissible.

What I claim is —

1. A router plane comprising a frame or body, a throat entering the same at one side thereof, a bridge for the open end of said throat, a cutter and means for holding the same at the rear of the throat, a throat adjuster and a bracket on said bridge for holding the adjuster in said throat forward of the cutter.

2. A router plane comprising a body or frame, a throat extending into the same at one side, an arched bridge connecting the opposite sides of the body near the forward end of the throat, a cutter, means for adjustably supporting said cutter at the rear of said throat, a throat-adjuster, a bracket on said bridge for supporting said adjuster.

GEORGE HUNTER BARTLETT.

Witnesses:
NORMAN O. DE BOCK,
FRANK C. FERGUSON.

No. 842,275 – Scraper (Justus A. Traut) (1907)

[paiddownloads id=”638″]842275

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY,
OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

SCRAPER.

_________________

842,275. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Jan. 29, 1907.
Application filed March 8, 1906. Serial No. 304,937.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, Hartford county, Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Scrapers, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in scrapers.

The object is to facilitate adjustment of the parts and improve the construction so that it may be adapted to use under many different circumstances. I have sought to construct the parts so that they may be manufactured readily and assembled or taken apart without difficulty.

The preferred form of the invention is shown in the accompanying single sheet of drawings, in which —

Figure 1 is a side view of the scraper embodying the improvements of my invention. Fig. 2 is a front view of the same. Fig. 3 is a rear view of the scraper with the handle shown in section. Fig. 4 is a rear view of the back member of the head. Fig. 5 is a side view of the same. Fig. 6 is a plar view of a fragment of the handle.

The handle is preferably formed in two portions — a grip member 1 and a body member 2.

The head of the scraper carries the blade 3 and is preferably provided with an auxiliary grip or handle 4.

5 and 6 are the front and rear members, respectively, of the head, between which the blade is clamped.

7 is a screw located between the upper and lower ends of the plates 5 6. This screw passes freely through plate 5 and takes into plate 6, so as to produce, in effect, a hinged joint which may be adjusted to and fro to vary the widths of the space between plates 5 6.

8 8 are screws arranged at opposite edges of the plate 6 and screw-threaded therein. The ends of these screws project into cavities in the opposite face of the member 5, but are not screw-threaded therein. The function of these screws is to preserve the alinement of plates 5 6 and to act as spacers to guarantee the substantial parallehsm of said plate, whereby the ready substitution of blades 3 is permitted. The screws 8 8 also perform a stop function, the upper edge of the blade 3 taking a bearing against said screws so that blade will be projected uniformly from the clamping-jaws. These “stop-screws” 8 8, as we shall term them, may be shifted up or down on plate 6, there being a series of screw-holes a ong opposite edges thereof to permit this shifting of the screws to be made. By this means when blade 3 wears down or if a short blade is to be substituted the screws 8 8 may be moved to any one of the holes 8’, 82, or 83, so as to adapt the holder to the particular blade to be used.

9 is a main adjusting-screw having a stop-head whereby it may be easily operated. When approximate adjustment of the plates 5 6 has been secured by the adjustment of screws 7 and 8 and the blade inserted, the user may set up on screw 9 in such a manner as to powerfu ly clamp the blade 3. The rear of the back member 6 of the head is provided with a pair of lugs 10 10, to which the handle is pivoted.

11 is a curved arm extending from the rear of the back member and provided with a curved slot. This arm is preferably formed pf a separate piece of metal and riveted to the lug 12.

13 is a screw preferably provided with an enlarged head for engagement by the thumb and finger and by means of whic the handle is clamped to the arm 11. By this means the angle which the blade makes relative to the handle may be readily varied to suit the conditions under which the scraper is to be used. The parts, however, when clamped together are rigid, so that there is practically no vibration possible when the tool is in use.

What I claim is —

A scraper comprising a head portion formed of two parts, means for adjustably connecting the same at an intermediate point, said connection permitting said parts to swing, jaws formed by the edges of said parts at one slde of said connection, a clamp-screw at the opposite side of said connection, said clampmg-screw passing through one part and bearing against the other, and adjustable stop-screws at the opposite slde edges of said parts, and a handle hinged to one of said parts and means for adjusting the angle of said handle relatively thereto.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
W. J. WORAM,
H. S. WALTER.

No. 837,978 – Scraping-Tool (Justus A. Traut) (1906)

[paiddownloads id=”636″]837978

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO STANLEY RULE &
LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

SCRAPING-TOOL.

_________________

837,978. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Dec. 11, 1906.
Application filed May 26, 1906. Serial No. 318,811.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, Hartford county, Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Scraping-Tools, of which the following is a full, cllear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in woodworking-tools; and it consists in an improved scraper, the construction of which is such that it may be used, if desired, with an ordinary plane, merely substituting the same for the usual plane-iron. In this connection the device is capable of all of the adjustments to which the usual plane-iron is adapted and may be employed with an unusual degree of success.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of an ordinary plane-body fitted with my improved scraper. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the scraper and scraper frame or carrier. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the same. Fig. 4. is a detail view of a clamping member.

I will first describe the scraper and scraper-carrier.

A is the scraper-blade, having the usual sharpened edge.

B B’ are two arms of the frame or scraper-carrier arranged to carry the blade A. As shown, these arms B B’ are arranged in the form of a wedge or a V — that is, the outer bearing-surfaces of the same form a V. The plane-iron A is clamped against the outer bearing-surface of the arm B by means of any suitabie clamping device — for example, the member C, carrying the clamping-screw C’. The arm B’ is so constructed and arranged that it may be readily applied to the plane-iron support or “frog” of a plane, the connection being preferably such that the various adjusting devices commonly found on planes will be available for the purpose of adjusting the position of the cutting edge of the scraper-blade in the throat of the plane. In the drawings, Fig. 1, I have shown the scraper-frame as it would appear in place on an ordinary plane. In this view, D indicates the main body of the plane. E E’ are the handles. F is the usual frog on the plane-iron support. G is the usual clamping- plate cooperating with the screw-post J. H I are adjusting-levers such as commonly employed in planes and by which the plane-iron may be given any desired adjustment. These levers need not be explained in detail, since their operation is well understood.

On referring to Fig. 1 it will be seen that the scraper-frame is clamped to the frog precisely as the ordinary plane-iron is clamped thereon, and the edge of the scraper-blade A will project through the throat or passage in the sole of the plane in the same manner as will the edge of the plane-iron, excepting that it will stand at a substantially different angle. The arm B of the scraper-frame is cut back or recessed transversely near its lower end, as indicated at K, to give a clearance back of the cutting edge of the scraper-blade. This is done to permit the cutting edge of the scraper to yield slightly and is productive of the most effective results in operation. While the scraper-frame is primarily adapted for use in connection with the plane, nevertheless the frame or carrier will itself afford a convenient grip when the scraper is used independently of a plane-body. The angle of the bearing-surfaces of the arms B B’ (indicated in the drawings) is that best adapted for the most successful results when the scraper is to be used in connection with the plane; but this angle, of course, may be varied to some extent at will. In the arm B’ of the scraper-frame a central longitudinal passage B2 adords clearance for the post J.

L is the usual cam by which the clamping-plate G may be set down hard, so as to hold the scraper-frame firmly on its seat.

What I claim is —

1. As an article of manufacture, a scraper attachment for a plane, comprising a body having two arms inclined relatively to each other, a scraper-blade, means for adjustably securing the scraper-blade to one of said arms, the other arm having a longitudinal recess and a transverse recess above said longitudinal recess, said recesses being adapted to accommodate mechanism of a plane for effecting lateral and vertical adjustment respectively.

2. As an article of manufacture, a scraper attachment for a plane comprising, a body having two arms arranged at an angle relatively to each other and furnishing two bearing-surfaces, one for contact with the plane-support, the other for the reception of a scraper-blade, a scraper-blade, means for adjustably securing the same to the said bearing-face, said bearing-face at and near the meeting angle of the two arms being recessed to afford clearance for the blade adjacent to its cutting edge.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
H. S. WALTER,
L. E. CLEMONS.

No. 830,541 – Bench-Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1906)

[paiddownloads id=”635″]830541

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO STANLEY RULE &
LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

830,541. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Sept. 11, 1906.
Application filed May 26, 1906. Serial No. 318,812.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, county of Hartford, Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in tools, and particularly planes for carpenters’ and joiners’ use.

The object of the invention is to provide a stop or gage for limiting the cutting depth and steadying the plane when in operation.

Various gages and stops have previously been employed in tools of this character, but for some classes of work they fail to give proper support to the plane when in operation.

The preferred form of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying three sheets of drawings.

Figure 1 is an end view of a plane embodying the improvements of my invention. Fig. 2 is a detail perspective view of a part of the gage. Fig. 3 is a side view of a plane with gage attached. Fig. 4 is a bottom plan view.

1 is the main body or handle member.

2 is the plane-iron having a suitably-formed cutting edge in accordance with the cross-section of the product desired. This iron is clamped in place by a suitable mechanism, such as 3, and may be adjusted by a suitable mechanism, such as 4.

5 and 6 are cross-rods clamped to the body in a suitable manner.

7 is an auxiliary clamping and supporting member for the plane-iron, which is clamped on the rods 5 and 6 by suitable mechanism.

8 is a fence customarily employed with planes of this character for guiding it laterally in operation. The main and auxiliary portions of the plane are provided with guide-flanges 9 and 10. A plane-iron of any width may be employed with this tool, the body and auxiliary members being adjusted laterally with respect to one another.

11 is the gage or stop the use of which my invention particularly contemplates. This stop has laterally-extending arms 12 and 13, which project through openings, such as 14 and 15, in the guide-flanges 9 and 10.

16 is a screw-threaded post having a foot 17, to which the gage 11 is secured by means of screws 18 and 19.

The post and gage may be vertically adjusted by the screw 20 and clamped in position by the screw 21. When the gage is being vertically adjusted, it is guided and prevented from rotating on its post by reason of its construction and coaction with the guide-flanges 9 and 10. By reason of the bearing-surfaces provided by the arms 12 and 13 in front and in rear ofthe cutting-iron and the lateral extensions outside of each guide-flange the tool is prevented from tilting forward and back or sidewise when in operation.

The gage may be adjusted to suit the depth of cut desired and may be readily removed upon releasing the screws 18 and 19, in which event the foot 17 acts as a gage, which maybe adjusted for work requiring the gage only on one side. The arms 12 and 13 being formed in one piece with the main body 11 of the gage, the entire bearing area remains in a single plane and is consequently adjusted vertically with uniformity in front and in rear of the plane-iron. This is an advantage which would not be present were the two arms 12 and 13 carried by separate adjusting-posts.

What I claim is —

1. In a plane, a body, auxiliary members having depending guide-flanges with passages in said flanges, and a gage extending laterally through said passages.

2. In a plane, a body and auxiliary members laterally adjustable with relation to one another and adapted to support a plane-iron, a vertically-adjustable post, and a gage carried thereby having members extending in front and in the rear of the plane-iron position and laterally beyond the edges of the plane-iron.

3. In a plane, a body having a depending flange, a plane-iron carried by the body, an adjustable post carried by the body, and a gage carried by said post having an arm extending through the flange in front of the plane-iron.

4. In a plane, a body, an iron clamped thereto, a depending iiange from said body, an auxiliary member laterally adjust able with respect thereto, a depending guide-flange carried by said auxiliary member, and a vertically-adjustable gage in the rear of the plane-iron position extending through said flanges.

5. In a plane, main and auxiliary sections, depending flanges carried thereby, a plane-iron held between said sections, a vertically-adjustable post having a foot, and a gage removably secured to said foot and having an arm extending through said flanges.

6. In a plane, main and auxiliary sections, depending flanges carried thereby, a plane-iron held between said sections, a vertically-adjustable post having a foot, and a gage removably secured to said foot and having arms extending through said flanges in front and in the rear of the plane-iron.

7. As an article of manufacture, a plane-gage attachment comprising a body, means of attachment to a plane, and laterally-extending arms carried by the body spaced apart from each other and lying in the same plane with the body.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
W. J. WORAM,
H. S. WALTER.

No. 827,473 – Plane (Lewis Dorus Smith) (1906)

[paiddownloads id=”634″]827473

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

LEWIS DORUS SMITH, OF PORT HURON, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO
STANLEY RULE AND LEVEL COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

827,473. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented July 31, 1906.
Application filed March 15, 1904. Serial No. 198,203.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEWIS DORUS SMITH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Port Huron, county of St. Clair, State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in planes, and particularly to a plane which is adapted to carry any one of a large variety of cutters or plane-irons. A plane of the same general class is shown in the United States Letters Patent No. 532,84.

The object of my invention is to construct a plane which shall be efficient and readily interchangeable and adjustable for different classes of work. I have also sought to make the construction as simple as possible, so that the adjustments and interchanges may be effected easily, and the cost of manufacture may be reasonable. I have also sought to construct a plane which shall be useful in connection with classes of work hitherto impossible to planes of this type.

A plane embodying my invention is shown in the accompanying single sheet of drawings. Two parts of the plane are adjustable laterally with relation to one another and adapted to carry a plane-iron. Between the two adjustable portions is located a gage for limiting the cutting depth of the iron. This gage is adjustable vertically and laterally and is readily removable. When desired , an auxiliary guide may be employed.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane embodying the improvements of my invention, a portion of an auxiliary guide being shown dotted. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of a plane embodying the improvements of my invention shown as in operation. Fig. 3 is a detail perspective view of the center gage and attachments. Fig. 4 is a bottom view of the complete plane. Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view on the plane of the gage-support.

1 is the main stock portion having a handle 2 and a guide-blade 3.

4 is a plane-iron, having a suitable cutting edge — as, for instance, a “hollow.”

5 is a screw of suitable construction for clamping the plane-iron to the main stock 1.

6 is an adjusting screw for varying the cutting depth.

7 is a gage carried at the outer side of the main stock and adjustable in a suitable manner by means of the screw 8.

9 is a guide-rod which extends laterally from the main stock 1 and may be secured thereto by means of the screw 10. 11 is a similar guide-rod at the rear, which may be attached to the main stock by means of the screw 12.

13 is what may be conveniently termed a “sliding section,” having the guide-blades 14 and 15 corresponding to the guide-blades 3 and 30 of the main stock. This section 13 is adjustable laterally on the guide-rods 9 and 11 to and from the main stock 1. 16 and 17 are thumb-screws for holding it in the desired position. In the instance herein shown the distance from the outer surface of the guide-blade 3 to the outer surface of the guide-blade 14 is approximately equal to the width of the cutter or plane-iron 4.

18 indicates a section of a molding, a portion of which has just been formed by the cutter 4. It will be obvious to one acquainted with this art that cutters of many different forms may be employed with a tool of this character to shape a molding, as desired.

19 is a gage for steadying the plane and limiting the cutting depth of the plane-iron 4. 20 is a post which is vertically adjustable in a recess in the outer surface of the sliding section 13. 21 is a thumb-screw for securing it in place. 22 is a horizontal member for connecting the adjustable post 20 and the gage 19. In this instance the horizontal bar is carried by the post 20. 23 is a thumb-screw which clamps the gage to the horizontal cross-bar 22. The gage preferably has an enlarged portion 24 at the top, which is open at the rear, so that the gage may be removed by simply loosening the screw 23 and slipping the gage forward. The gage in this way may be removed without being obstructed by the guide-rod 9. By this construction the center gage 19 may be adjusted vertically and also laterally, so as to provide for different widths and conformations of cutters.

25 is a longitudinal guide or fence which may be carried by the longitudinal guide-rods 9 and 11 and adjustable laterally thereon. 26 is a handle for convenience in operation. Such a guide or fence is not necessary in all kinds of work; but in forming a molding, as herein illustrated, it is advantageous.

What I claim is —

1. In a plane, the combination of a handle member, a sliding section member adjustable relatively thereto, a laterally-projecting lug carried by one of said members and having a vertical passage-way, a post passing through and vertically adjustable in said passage-way, a laterally-extending thumb-screw passing through said lug for coacting with said post, and a center gage located between said members and means for supporting said gage from said vertical post.

2. A plane-gage attachment of the character described comprising the combination of two substantially parallel rods, a shoe member carried by one of said rods, a connecting member having one endf fixedly secured to one rod and an adjustable clamping means carried by the other rod for engagement with said member and having an open horizontal slot, substantially as described for the purpose specified.

3. A plane-gage attachment of the character described, and for the purpose specified, comprising the combination of two substantially parallel rods spaced apart from each other, a shoe member carried by one of said rods, a laterally-projecting connecting member having one end fixedly secured to one of said rods, the other rod being laterally adjustable upon the connecting member of the first rod, and means for clamping the second rod upon said connecting member.

Signed at Port Huron, Michigan, this 5th day of March, 1904.

LEWIS DORUS SMITH.

Witnesses:
S. V. JONES,
LEWIS ATKINS.

No. 787,054 – Plane (Edmund A. Schade And Albert F. Schade) (1905)

[paiddownloads id=”618″]787054

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

EDMUND A. SCHADE AND ALBERT F. SCHADE, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNORS TO
STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 787,054, dated April 11, 1905.
Application filed October 22, 1904. Serial No. 229,520.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, EDMUND A. SCHADE and ALBERT F. SCHADE, citizens of the United States, residing at New Britain, Hartford county, Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

Our lnvention relates to improvements in planes.

The object of the invention is to provide a plane with an adjustable tilting handle, so that it may be grasped by the hand and operated in many positions and cases where at present a plane cannot be used except with great danger of accident to the knuckles and the back of the hand, which are liable to be bruised.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying single sheet of drawings.

The body of the plane carries a bearing for the handle, so that the handle can be tilted to either side and secured in place or used in a vertical position, as is customary.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane, showing those parts which embody the improvements of our invention in vertical section. Fig. 2 is a fragmentary detail showing the parts for securing the handle in position. Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-section showing the method of attachment. Fig. 4 is a plan view of a fragment of the body of a plane, showing the bearing for the handle.

1 indicates the body of a plane, which may be of any suitable character and constructed of any suitable material. The frame herein shown is made of cast-iron.

2 is a knob which may conveniently be provided at the front end of the plane, as is common.

3 is a handle of suitable conformation and material.

4 is a bearing for the handle, which extends lengthwise of the body for some distance. This is shown integral with the body; but it is obvious that it may be made separate and bolted or riveted or otherwise secured in place.

5 is a pin or roller which is mounted in the bearing-block 4 and adapted to rotate or oscillate from side to side through a limited extent.

6 is a rod which is screw-threaded at the lower end and takes into the pin 5.

7 is a screw-cap cooperating with the upper end of the rod 6 for securely clamping the parts together.

The parts are preferably assembled by first attaching the rod 6 to the pin 5, then slipping the handle member 3 over the rod 6, and lastly fixing the cap 7 in place. By tightening the cap the handle may be securely held in place on its seat on the bearing-block 4 in any position, as indicated, for instance, in dotted lines in Fig. 3, While this construction is exceedingly simple, it does provide a means for avoiding such accidents as in the past have been quite common when using an ordinary plane in certain positions — such as, for instance, planing deep rabbets or when operating upon jack-boards. The handle, moreover, may be secured in place in the ordinary upright position for usual work.

It is obvious that many changes may be made in the details of construction without departing from the spirit or scope of our invention.

What we claim is —

1. In a plane, the combination of a body or stock portion having a long semicylindrical bearing, a handle member having a corresponding semicylindrical bearing, a pin mounted to oscillate in the body portion and a rod passing through said handle member and secured to said pin with means to coact therewith for clamping the handle in position at different angular positions.

2. In a plane, the combination of a body or stock portion having a longitudinal bearing, a handle tiltingly seated thereon, a pin mounted in said body portion and a rod passing through said handle and screwed into said pin with means for coasting therewith and clamping said handle in position.

3. In a plane the combination of a body portion having a bearing, a handle mounted to tilt thereon, a pin rotatably mounted in said stock portion beneath said bearing, a rod passing through said handle and screw-seated in said pin and a cap coacting with said rod and said handle and accessible for clamping said handle in position.

Signed at New Britain, Connecticut, this 20th day of October, 1904.

EDMUND A. SCHADE.
ALBERT F. SCHADE.

Witnesses:
W. J. WORAM,
E. G. HOFFMAN.

No. 780,064 – Plane (Arthur J. Reynolds) (1905)

[paiddownloads id=”616″]780064

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ARTHUR J. REYNOLDS, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 780,064, dated January 17, 1905.
Application filed June 10, 1904. Serial No. 211,580.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR J. REYNOLDS, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in planes, and particularly to an adjusting-lever for the plane-iron.

The object of my invention is to simplify the construction of the same, lessen the cost of manufacture, and increase the general efficiency and ease of operation.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane embodying the improvements of my invention. Fig. 2 is a side view, on an enlarged scale, of what may be termed the “adjusting-lever.” Fig. 3 is a top view of the same. Fig. 4 is a plan of a blank of sheet of wrought metal from which the adjusting-lever is formed.

1 indicates the body of the plane of suitable construction. The form herein is shown with a rear handle 2 and a front handle 3.

4 is a frog secured to the body portion by any suitable means.

5 is a cutting-iron of usual construction.

6 is a plate which may be used to reinforce the plane-iron and also afford a convenient means for cooperating with the adjusting mechanism.

7 is a cap-screw secured to the frog.

8 is a cap and 9 a clamping member.

All of the parts thus far described may be of any suitable construction.

The form of my invention which I have illustrated employs what is known as the “Y adjusting-lever” for varying the cutting depth of the plane-iron. This member is pivoted on pin 10, ordinarily carried by the frog 4. The adjusting-lever is formed of wrought or sheet metal blanked out in the form shown in Fig. 4 and afterward shaped up into the form shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3. 11 indicates one of the ends of the duplex nose, which fits into a suitable recess in the plate 6, as is common. 12 indicates one end or arm of the adjusting-lever. 13 is the connecting portion in the form of a U bend between the two side arms and the duplex nose. This construction affords a broad bearing upon the pin 10 with the use of a small amount of metal, which is consequently economical and light in weight. The distance between the ends of the duplex nose affords a broad bearing for engagement with the plane-iron or plate.

14 is a post carried by the frog 4, and 15 is a sleeve which operates on the post 14 for cooperating with the arms 12 12 of the adjusting-lever. By means of this sleeve 15 the position of said lever may be varied to vary the depth of the cutting-iron as desired.

The forming of the adjusting-lever as shown affords great strength, since the U bend increases the strength at this point materially. The fiber of the metal is also so disposed at the point of contact with the plane-iron as to give a minimum amount of friction. The advantages of such a construction will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

What I claim is —

A plane-iron adjusting lever shaped to form arms at the respective ends for engaging the adjusting and the adjusted parts and an enlarged intermediate fulcrum portion comprising two side members united by a bend.

Signed at New Britain, Connecticut, this 6th day of June, 1904.

ARTHUR J. REYNOLDS.

Witnesses:
H. S. WALTER,
W. J. WORAM.

No. 778,921 – Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1905)

[paiddownloads id=”612″]778921

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 778,921, dated January 3, 1905.
Application filed April 27, 1904. Serial No. 205,115.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in planes and particularly to planes, in which cutters of various sizes and shapes may be interchangeably employed.

The object of the invention is to provide a construction in which interchanges of cutters may be effected readily and quickly and the operation of the same made reliable and efficient. I have also sought to employ as few parts as possible and to make the construction as economical as its large variety of functions make feasible.

The construction of my invention in the particular form as shown in the drawings consists of a main body portion and a relatively movable section between which the cutting-iron is secured and held in place. Adjustable and interchangeable sole portions are provided by means of which the plane may be guided and the cutting depth regulated with any form of cutting-iron. These adjustable sole portions also support and steady the plane-iron and permit the user to vary the size of the throat or opening in front of the cutting edge.

The details of construction will be more plainly seen on an inspection of the accompanying single sheet of drawings.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane embodying the improvements of my invention. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same with the addition of adjustable auxiliary guide. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a cutting-iron. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the adjustable and interchangeable sole portions for employment with the plane of my invention.

1 indicates a main body or stock portion of the plane having a guide-blade 2.

3 is a handle which is conveniently provided.

4 is the plane-iron or cutter, which has its cutting edge formed to correspond with the outline of the work which it is desired to turn out.

5 is a suitable clamping-screw for securing the cutter in place.

6 is a screw for adjusting the cutting depth of the plane-iron.

7 and 8 are rods which extend from the body portion of the plane.

9 and 10 are screws for clamping in position.

11 is a sliding section which is upon the rods 7 and 8.

12 and 13 are thumb-screws for clamping the section in place at the distance desired from the main body portion.

14 and 15 are flanges to the front and rear of the throat of the plane which extend downward. The plane-iron when clamped in place is partially supported by the rear flange.

16 and 17 are portions of a sole which is provided to correspond with the shape of the cutter employed to limit the cutting depth and to guide and direct the plane in its operation. These sole portions are formed, preferably, of wood.

18 indicates two screws which take into the sole member 16 for clamping it to the forward flange 14. The flange is preferably provided with keyhole-openings, as shown, so that the sole portion may be removed without entirely removing the screws, it simply being necessary to loosen the screws, slide the sole forward, when the screws may be readily drawn through the enlarged portion. The rear flange 15 is provided with oppositely-positioned keyhole-openings, and the screws 19 coact therewith to clamp the rear sole portion 17 in position. Both of the sole portions may be adjusted front and rear, so as to vary the size of the throat in front of the cutter to bring the rear sole portion up so as to reinforce the cutter and prevent it from chattering or to remove the parts, as may be desired.

20 indicates a section of a molding being cut by a cutter, as shown in the drawings. The form of outline produced will of course depend upon the cutter employed. With my improved invention in use any form of cutter may be employed, it simply being necessary to make use of correspondingly-formed sole portions.

21 indicates a member which may be provided to slide on the rods 7 and 8 and carry an auxiliary guide 22 for fixing the distance of the cutter from the edge of a board, molding, or the like.

23 is a handle which is conveniently provided on this fence portion which serves as a rest for the left hand.

The advantages of my construction will be particularly apparent to those skilled in the manufacture of woodworking-tools and in their use. It greatly reduces the number of parts necessary for a wide variety of work and the expense of the same.

What I claim is —

1. In a plane the combination of a main body member, a member laterally adjustable relatively thereto having flanges projecting downward, said flanges having horizontal openings with enlarged ends, a cutter having an irregularly-shaped edge, a sole member for each of said flanges corresponding in shape to said cutter, and screws for removably securing said sole members to said flanges.

2. In a plane the combination of a main body member, a second member slidable laterally relatively thereto, a pair of flanges projecting downwardly from said slidable member and having an opening between the same, a sole portion carried by each of said flanges, and means for adjusting said sole portions, substantially as described.

3. In a plane, the combination of a body member, a second member laterally adjustable with relation thereto and adapted with said first member to support a plane-iron, a pair of flanges carried by said second member, one in front and the other in the rear, each of said flanges having a plurality of openings elongated liorizontally, the openings in said forward flange being enlarged on their forward ends, the openings in the rear flange being enlarged on their rear ends and a pair of removable sole portions with means coacting with said flanges and the elongated openings therein for securing said sole portions to said flanges.

Signed at New Britain, Connecticut, this 25th day of March, 1904.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
W. J. WORAM,
ROBERT N. PECK.

No. 769,408 – Plane (Edmund A. Schade) (1904)

[paiddownloads id=”608″]769408

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

EDMUND A. SCHADE, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 769,408, dated September 6, 1904.
Application filed June 4, 1904. Serial No. 211,073. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDMUND A. SCHADE, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain. in the county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful lmprovements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in planes.

The object of my invention is to provide means for adjustment of the plane-iron and means for locking the same to prevent accidental movement.

The invention consists in improvements the principles of which are illustrated in the accompanying single sheet of drawings.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane embodying the improvements of my invention. Fig. 2 is a detail fragmentary view showing the parts particularly necessary for comprehension out my improvement, a portion of the figure being shown in section.

1 indicates the body of a plane of any suitable construction. This in the form shown has handles 2 and 3. 4 is a frog of any suitable construction which provides a bearing for the plane-iron 5. 6 is a plate winch serves to reinforce the plane-iron and in this particular instance affords the means of connection for the adjusting mechanism. 7 is a cap-screw which takes into the frog in any well-known manner. 8 is a cap coacting therewith, and 9 is a clamp for holding the parts in their proper position. All of these parts thus far described may be of any suitable construction.

The cutting depth or position of the plane-iron may be varied by means of a lever, which is commonly termed a “Y adjustment.”

In the drawings, 10 indicates a pivot-pin carried by the frog and upon which the adjustment-lever is mounted.

11 is the nose of the lever, and 12 is one of the depending arms.

13 is a screw-post which is securely fastened to the frog 4.

14 is an operating-sleeve mounted to operate on the post 13 and having, preferably, a milled head 15.

16 is a shoulder or flange carried by the inner end and adapted to coact with the arm 12 of the adjusting-lever.

17 is a member which is carried by the sleeve 14. This aliords a bearing for one side of the arm 12 of the Y adjustment, so that when the sleeve 14 is moved longitudinally on the post 13 the arm 12 is rocked to and fro to move the cutting-iron.

The adjusting-sleeve 14; as commonly constructed is likely to accidentally turn and move on the post 13 as the plane is used. This results sometimes in derangement of the adjustment of the plane and at all times tends to wear the parts unduly. By my construction this is avoided. The member 17 is preferably milled on the edge and may be adjusted on the post 14 to securely engage the arm 12 and clamp the same in position against the flange 16. The friction of the parts against the arm 12 serves to prevent the adjusting-sleeve from rotating on the post 13. As a consequence the adjusting-lever cannot move and the sleeve has no free play to cause wear on the parts. The plane-iron may be adjusted by releasing the clamping mernber 17 and then operating the adjusting-sleeve. The advantages of this construction will be apparent to those skilled in this art.

What l claim is —

1. In a plane, the combination of a body portion, a frog, a plane-iron and adjusting member, a post, a sleeve adjustable on said post and coacting with said member and a clamping member mounted on said sleeve and also coacting with said member for the purpose specified.

2. In a plane, the combination of a body portion, a frog, a plane-iron, an adjusting member coasting therewith, a screw-threaded post, an adjusting-sleeve screw-threaded on said post, a clamping-sleeve screw-threaded on said adjusting-sleeve and rotatable therewith and also independently thereof said sleeve and clamping member coacting with said adjusting member for the purpose specified.

Signed at New Britain, Connecticut. this 1st day of June, 1904.

EDMUND A. SCHADE.

Witnesses:
H. S. WALTER,
W. J. WORAM.

No. 758,698 – Plane (Albert F. Schade) (1904)

[paiddownloads id=”601″]758698

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ALBERT F. SCHADE, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO
STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY OF NEW BRITAIN CONNECTICUT,
A CORPORATION OF CONNECTIOUT.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 758,698, dated May 3, 1904.
Application filed January 16, 1902. Serial No. 89,958. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT F. SCHADE, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in the construction of planes.

The object of my invention is to provide a simple, inexpensive, and effective device for securing in place the means whereby the position of the cap of the plane is determined, as will be understood from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane with one side partly broken away to show a detail of construction. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of a portion of the plane, showing details of construction. Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3 3, Fig. 2. Figs. 4 and 5 are views of details of construction.

The plane which I have chosen to here describe is an iron plane, in which A is the bottom, and A’ is a side flange.

C is what is commonly termed the “frog,” which is secured by the screw B’ to the bottom between the side flanges and presents an inclined upper surface leading down to the slot in the bottom or base through which the plane-iron C projects. In this type of plane, C’ is the plane-iron cap, the two parts thus forming a plane-iron of double thickness. The iron C furnishes the cutting edge.

D is what is termed the “cap.” In the particular construction shown this cap is provided with a cam D’.

E is what may be termed a “cap-screw” or “holder.” The screw E is ordinarily in the form of a headed screw taking into a tapped hole in the frog B.

The holder E is seldom if ever adjusted after it has been secured in its proper position, and it is desirable to have it snugly retained in position, so that it will not work loose and thus disturb the adjustment of the cap and associated parts. Should the parts become loose, they would chatter and would not properly perform their intended functions. It is desirable not to have a permanent connection in order that in the event of an emergency a new holder or screw E may be inserted and also in order that, if desirable, the same may be adjusted. In case the cap should become broken or lost a new cap must be provided, and if it should happen that the new cap should vary slightly in dimensions from the original cap the holder would have to be adjusted. For that reason it will be seen that while adjustment of the cap-screw is not the common thing, it is, nevertheless, a desirable incident.

F is a lever or Y adjustment pivoted to the frog B, one end of which is adapted to engage with the plane-iron C, the other end being engaged by an adjusting-nut G, movable on a screw or post H, also carried by the frog. The plane-iron may be advanced or retracted relatively to the bottom of the plane by means of the adjusting-nut G, which operates the lever F, engaging with the pl ane-iron and regulating the depth of the cutting edge in the usual manner.

My invention does not relate generally to the construction of the plane and is therefore not limited to any special type of plane, but relates more particularly to an adjustable holding device for the said cap-screw and comprises a means adapted to frictionally bear against the said screw to prevent its turning. This means comprises a shoe I, carried in a hole or passage in the side of the frog B, which hole or passage at its outer end may be screw-threaded to carry an adjusting-screw J. Between the adjusting-screw J and the shoe I is a spring K. The construction and arrangement of the parts are best seen in Fig. 3, in which it will be seen the shoe bears directly against the side of the cap-screw E and with a pressure depending upon the adjustment of the screw J. In practice this has been found sufficient to properly hold the cap-screw in the desired position, and yet it does not so hold it that it cannot be adjusted. It provides a simple, inexpensive, and effective means for accomplishing the desired end, and in operation will not batter or otherwise injure the screw-threads of the cap-screw E. The frog is unseated when it is desired to adjust the screw J. When the cap-screw E is locked by the adjusting-screw J and the frog is seated in the body portion, it is impossible for the screw J to work out and be lost, since it is held in place by the flange A’, which substantially covers the end thereof.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

In a plane the combination of a body having side flanges and a removable frog secured thereto between said flanges, a cap-screw seated in said frog, an adjusting-screw operating in the side of the frog to clamp said cap-screw, the head of said adjusting-screw being held from extraction by one of the side flanges, substantially as described.

ALBERT F. SCHADE.

Witnesses:
A. W. STANLEY,
C. S. HODGE.

No. 738,501 – Plane (Alix W. Stanley And Edmund A. Schade) (1903)

[paiddownloads id=”589″]738501

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ALIX W. STANLEY AND EDMUND A. SCHADE, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT,
ASSIGNORS TO STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN,
CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 738,501, dated September 8, 1903.
Application filed February 11, 1903. Serial No. 142,845. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that We, ALIX W. STANLEY and EDMUND A. SCHADE, citizens of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to planes, and particularly to improvements in the construction of that class of planes adapted to be used on curved surfaces, sometimes called “circular planes.” In planes of this character the base or sole is made flexible, so that it may be bent to any desired curve to cause the plane to fit onto a curved surface, either concave or convex. The sole portion of the plane is usually made of sheet metal, such as spring-steel. It is highly desirable in planes of this character that means be provided whereby the adjustment of the sole to the desired curve may be effected accurately and quickly. To that end, therefore, the main object of this invention is to provide simple and effective mechanism for attaining these results.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation illustrative of a specific embodiment of my invention, the sole of the plane being curved to fit to a concave surface. Fig. 2 is a fragmentary perspective view of detached details of construction.

1 is the main body portion.

2 is the base or sole portion. The sole portion 2 is capable of being curved relatively to the main body portion 1. In the form shown the portion 1 is connected to the middle portion of the sole 2.

3 is the frog, carried by the frame 1 and in turn supporting the plane-iron 4. and the adjustments therefor. It is not necessary to explain in detail the adjustments for the plane-iron, because they are well known and constitute no part of this invention.

5 is a screw-threaded post mounted in a suitable screw-threaded bearing on the forward part of the body 1.

6 is a knob or handle carried by the post 5. When said post is rotated it will move up and down relatively to the body 1.

7 is a telescopic extension of the post 5. The connection between the post 5 and its extension 7 is screw-threaded. The screw-threads on the post which take into the frame 1 are right-hand threads, while the screw-threads on the extension 7 which take into the post are left-hand threads, or vice versa. The post extension 7 is connected to a lever 8 by means of a link 9. The lever 8 is pivotally mounted in the body 1. The link 9 prevents the extension 7 from rotating. The particular screw-threaded adjustment of the post 5 relatively to the frame 1 and the extension 7 relatively to the post 5 produces double the movement of the lower end of the extension 7 that would be produced were the link 7 merely projected into the post 5 without being oppositely screw-threaded. The lever 8 is connected with one end of the sole 2 by means of the link 11. 10 is another lever pivotally mounted in the body 1 and connected to the opposite end of the sole 2 by the link. 12.

15 is a pivot for the lever 8.

16 is a pivot for the lever 10. 13 14 are segmental gears fixed on the pivots 15 16, respectively, so that the movement of one of said levers will be transmitted to the other — for example, the movement of the lever 8 by the aforesaid means will produce a corresponding movement in the lever 10. Hence as the lever 8 is moved upwardly the sole 2 will be curved upwardly. If the lever 8 is moved downwardly, the sole 2 will be curved downwardly, and the position of the levers 8 and 10 and the degree and direction of curvature of the sole 2 are deterininable solely by the handle 6. By means of a suitable indicating device it may be ascertained whether the sole is flat or curved and if curved what degree of curvature exists in the sole. In the particular form shown the indicating device comprises a pointer 17, carried by one of the parts — for example, the body 1 — in such a position as to project into the path of movement of certain graduations carried by another part — for example, the segmental gear 13. Referring to Fig. 1, it will be seen that the pointer 17 projects into a curved slot in the segmental gear 13, adjacent to which curved slot there are certain graduations from zero upward and downward. These graduations indicate degrees of curvature in the sole. When the zero-mark on the graduated scale lies opposite the pointer or line of reading, it indicates that there is no curve in the sole. If any one of the graduations above the zero-mark is brought into line with the pointer, it indicates to the user that the sole is curved upwardly to a certain definite degree. The reverse is true of the graduations below the zero-mark. It might be said that the segmental gear 13 constitutes a movable pointer, which enables the user to accurately set the plane so that the sole will be curved to any desired degree to fit to any particular curved surface, and this adjustment may be accurately and quickly effected without any preliminary trials, such as fitting the plane to the particular curved surface upon which it is desired to operate. When the plane has been set as desired, a set-screw 18 may be operated to clamp the adjusting screw or post 5 and prevent accidental displacement. The set-screw 18 may operate to clamp a split collar on the frame 1, through which the adjusting-post 5 passes.

The subject-matter disclosed and claimed herein is a specific embodiment of the invention broadly claimed in Alix W. Stanley’s application for United States Letters Patent, Serial No. 142,844, filed February 14, 1903.

What is claimed is —

1. A plane for cutting curved surfaces comprising a body portion, a sole portion secured thereto, adjusting-arms pivotally secured to the body portion and connected to the sole portion, segments of gears carried by the pivotal supports, an index or scale carried by one of said segments, and a stationary indicator or pointer carried by the body portion of the plane coacting with the scale or index whereby the degree of curvature of the sole portion may be indicated.

2. A plane comprising a body portion, a flexible sole portion secured thereto, a pair of arms pivoted in said body portion and connected to the ends of the sole portion, an index or scale carried by one of said arms, and a relatively stationary indicating member carried by the body portion of the plane and coacting with the scale or index for indicating the degree of curvature.

3. A plane for cutting curved surfaces comprising a body portion, a sole portion secured thereto, a pair of arms pivoted to the body portion and connected to the sole portion, gear-segments mounted to operate with said arms, one of said segments being slotted and having a scale or index adjacent the slotted portion, and an indicating member carried by the body portion of the plane cooperating with the scale or index for the purpose specified.

Signed at New Britain, Connecticut, this 7th day of February, 1903.

ALIX W. STANLEY.
EDMUND A. SCHADE.

Witnesses:
ROBERT N. PECK,
WILLIAM J. WORAM.

No. 738,500 – Plane (Alix W. Stanley) (1903)

[paiddownloads id=”588″]738500

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ALIX W. STANLEY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO
STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN,
CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 738,500, dated September 8, 1903.
Application filed February 11, 1903. Serial No. 142,844. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALIX W. STANLEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to planes, and particularly to that class of planes adapted to be used on curved surfaces, sometimes termed “circular planes.” In planes of this character the base or sole portion is so arranged that it maybe made to assume different curvatures to cause the plane to properly fit to surfaces of different degrees of curvature upon which it is desired to operate the tool. These curvatures may be either concaved or convex. In the particular form shown the sole or base is made of flexible material, such as sheet metal or spring-steel. When adjusting the sole to the desired curvature, it is most desirable that said adjustment may be effected accurately and quickly.

To that end, therefore, the object of my invention is to provide simple, effective, and durable means whereby the plane may be so adjusted that exactly the proper curvature will be given to the sole without requiring the user to make any preliminary trials to ascertain whether the plane fits the curved surface on which it is to be used.

Figure 1 is a side elevation illustrative of one particular embodiment of my invention, the sole of the plane being curved to operate on a convex surface. Fig. 2 is a fragmentary plan view of the setting and reading mechanism. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the scale.

A is a frame or main body, perfectly rigid.

B is a base or sole, which may be made of any flexible material, preferably spring sheet-steel.

C D are links located at the ends of the sole and in the particular form shown connected with the ends of the frame A.

E is a frog connected with the sole B and supporting the plane-iron F and the adjustments therefor, which latter need not be explained, because they constitute no part of this invention.

H is a post connected with the frog E. In the particular form shown the post H passes up through a portion of the body A, and on the post is mounted a screw-threaded adjusting device J in the form of a thumb-nut. This thumb-nut is rotatable in the body A, but is held against longitudinal movement. Hence when this thumb-nut is rotated the post H is moved up or down to produce a curvature of the sole B.

K is a screw by the rotation of which the thumb-nut J may set at any desired position to lock the adjusted parts against accidental displacement. In the form shown one side of the post H is flattened and upon said flattened surface is a graduated scale L. The graduations may, however, be formed upon the post itself. This scale runs from zero upward and downward, the graduations being proper to indicate to the user the exact curvature of the sole. These graduations are read on the line of the upper surface of the thumb-nut J, since that member is relatively stationary and its upper surface constitutes a convenient indicating-line. The zero-mark when registering with the indicating line means to the user that the sole is flat and not curved either upwardly or downwardly. If the thumb-nut J is so turned as to raise the post H, the graduation thereon adjacent the indicating-line indicates to the user the curvature of the sole. In Fig. 1 the zero-mark will be seen to be above the indicating-line. Hence the sole is curved upwardly, so that the plane may be used on a convex surface. Were the post depressed, so that some graduation above the zero-mark should lie adjacent to the indicating-line, it would show to the user that the sole is curved downwardly. The particular graduation would indicate to him the exact curvature of the sole.

The construction as a whole is simple and reliable and facilitates the accurate and quick adjustment of the sole to any definite curvature without the necessity of making any preliminary trials.

It is apparent that the plane herein specifically shown and described is capable of modification without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.

Another specific embodiment of this broad invention is shown in a companion application, Serial No. 142,845, filed February 14, 1903.

What is claimed is —

1. A plane for operating on curved surfaces comprising a relatively stationary frame or body portion, a flexible sole portion secured thereto, an adjusting post or screw coacting with the flexible sole portion, and the relatively stationary body portion, a scale or index carried by the adjusting post or screw and a relatively stationary indicating member coacting with the post for the purpose of determining the change of curvature of the sole portion as indicated by the scale, said indicating member having a rotative movement relatively to said body.

2. A tool for planing curved surfaces comprising a relatively stationary body portion, a flexible sole portion carried thereby and movable relatively to the body portion, an adjustable scale-carrying member movable with the sole portion, and a relatively stationary indicating member carried by the body portion cooperating with the scale portion whereby the relative positions of the body and sole portions of the plane may be measured, said scale having graduations running upward and downward from zero.

3. A plane for curved surfaces comprising a body portion, a relatively movable and flexible sole portion pivotally mounted with respect thereto, an adjusting-screw operating in the body portion and cooperating with the sole portion, a scale or index carried by said screw, an adjusting-nut operating on said screw and in conjunction with the body portion, one edge of the adjusting-nut being adapted to act as a pointer or indicating member in conjunction with the scale for determining the relative positions of the body and sole portions.

Signed at New Britain, Connecticut, this 7th day of February, 1903.

ALIX W. STANLEY.

Witnesses:
ROBERT N. PECK,
WILLIAM J. WORAM.

No. 735,744 – Plane (Charles H. Fox) (1903)

[paiddownloads id=”586″]735744

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHARLES H. FOX, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO
STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN,
CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 735,744, dated August 11, 1903.
Application filed November 15, 1902. Serial No. 131,485. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES H. FOX, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, Hartford county, Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in planes, and particularly to a construction for improving the efficiency and general usefulness of the device in its operation.

The object of my invention is to construct a plane for use in matching boards and the like, which may be adjusted to various widths of cutting-irons. The clogging of shavings which are produced when the plane is in use is avoided. It is also possible to use a beading-iron with the same plane-body when desired.

The invention consists in the improvements to be hereinafter described and shown in the accompanying drawings. The invention is particularly applicable to that class called “matching-planes,” in which a cutter is provided to form the edges of boards in order that they may be matched together. The plane is so constructed as to effect the smooth and certain turning aside of the shavings when theplane is cutting. In the form herein shown the tonguing-iron may be replaced by a beading-iron when the proper adjustments have been made.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane embodying the improvements of my invention. Fig. 2 is a projection showing the under side of the plane. Fig. 3 is a front view of the plane, parts being shown in section on the line X X of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a detail of a shaving-deflector. Fig. 5 is an elevation of the inside face of the main stock, parts being shown in section. Fig. 6 is a detail of a gage for limiting the cutting depth when a beading cutter or iron, as shown in Fig. 7, is used.

1 is a main stock portion having a handle 10.

2 2 are rods screwed into the stock portion and upon which slides the part 3, which may be conveniently termed a “fence”.

4 is a sliding section which is mounted upon the rods 2 2 and adapted to be moved toward or away from the stock portion 1.

5 is a tonguing-iron adapted to form the edge of a board into a tongue portion. For this purpose it will be seen that the blade is bifurcated at the lower part, as particularly shown in Figs. 2 and 3. This cutting-iron 5 is mounted in grooves between the adjacent faces of the stock 1 and the sliding section 4. The sliding section is caused to move toward the stock portion 1 and to hold the iron 5 securely in place by means of the thumb-nut 40, which operates on the screw-bolt 41, as seen in Figs. 1 and 2. The stock portion 1 is formed at the lower edge of the outer part, as seen particularly in Fig. 3, with a limiting-surface 11. Similarly the sliding section 4 is provided with a limiting-surface 42, which is, however, oppositely positioned. The fence 3 is provided with a guide-surface 31, which is convenient for use with the plane when it is used as a beading-plane, as will hereinafter be described in connection with the details shown in Figs. 6 and 7.

When the plane is being used to cut with the tonguing-iron 5 in position, the shavings which are cut will be deflected upward by means of the construction which I have provided. The shaving which is formed by the outer right-hand portion of the blade of the tonguing-iron will be deflected inwardly and upwardly by means of the deflector 6, one form of the construction of which is shown in detail in Fig. 4. The shaving as it is being taken is moved forwardly and is caught by the concaved inner surface 60 of the deflector, and thus thrown inwardly to the inside edge of the stock portion 1 and upwardly. This will be seen particularly in Fig. 5. The other shaving, taken by the left-hand portion of the blade 5, will be deflected backward and upward by means of the upper surface of the blade 5 and the concaved upper surface of the sliding section 4 and pass out freely through the curved open space 43. This deflector 6 is situated beyond the outer guide-surface 11 of the stock portion 1 and in this form is mounted in the lug 12. For this purpose the deflector is provided with the shank 61, which may be tightly gripped by means of the thumb-nut 62. The surface of the deflector at 63 is made to coincide approximately with the outer guide-surface of the stock 1 at the point of attachment. At 64 the deflector is formed to coincide with the outer edge of the cutting-blade. The dimensions are such, preferably, that there is but little opportunity for shavings to pass outward from the cutting edge at any other point than that prepared by means of the convexedly-curved surface 60.

It is obvious that some of the same advantages would be had if the deflector 6 were made integral with the stock portion 1. By reason of its being separable therefrom, however, it is possible to employ cutting-irons of various widths with the same main plane structure, using a larger or smaller deflector, as required. There is also another advantage inherent in this structure by reason of the deflector being thus separable from the other parts. By means of this I am able to make this plane interchangeable as a matching-plane which will form a tongue and to use it also as a beading-plane.

Fig. 7 shows the beading-iron 7, which is employed for cutting beads. This beading-iron 7 may be fitted into the guide-slots in the main stock portion and the sliding section 4 adjusted to hold it there by means of the adjusting-screw 40. At such a time the two guiding-surfaces 11 and 42 are in line with the edges of the beading-iron 7, and there is no necessity for the deflector 6. In its place isinserted the gage 8, (shown in Fig. 6,) which has the shank portion 81, adapted to fit in the lug 12 and be engaged by the thumb-nut 62. The edge 82 of this gage is adjusted opposite the outer guide-surface 11 of the stock portion 1, while the lower surface of the gage provides a limiting or guide portion, by means of which the depth of the bead can be made as desired.

The fence 3 may be adjusted upon the rods 2 2 at any suitable distance from the cutting-blade to provide a guide by means of which the cutting edge may be operated at the proper distance from the edge of the board.

It will thus be seen that this construction herein shown and described is adapted to be used efficiently as a matching or tonguing plane and that the shavings caused by the operation of the plane will not clog it or in any other way interfere with its operation.

The plane, moreover, may be used as a beading-plane, thus combining the functions of both and enabling a person to perform both operations with one plane by the simple interchange of parts, which may be readily adjusted to suit different sizes of iron and the addition of which is of but slight expense.

What I claim is —

1. In a plane, the combination of a handle member and a relatively movable member, a plane-iron clamped between the same and protruding beyond the outer surface of the handle member, and means situated on the outer surface of said handle member for deflecting shavings consisting of a body portion having a curved deflecting-surface, a surface fitting close to the plane-handle member and a surface fitting close to the protruding edge of the plane-iron.

2. In a plane the combination of a handle member and a relatively movable member, a plane-iron clamped between the same and protruding beyond the outer surface of the handle part, and a shaving-deflector removably carried by said handle portion, consisting of a body portion and a shank portion said shank fitting into a recess in said handle member.

3. A tonguing-plane having a stock or handle portion, a pair of guide-bars carried thereby, a sliding section mounted on said guide-bars, a cutting-iron secured between the adjacent surfaces of said stock portion and said sliding section, said stock portion having a guiding-surface on the outer side, said cutting-iron projecting a considerable distance outside of said surface, and means for deflecting shavings upward and backward from the cutting edge of said iron.

4. A tonguing-plane including a handle member, guide-rods carried by said member, a member slidably mounted upon said rods and adapted to move relatively to said handle member, a tonguing-iron carried between the said members, a shaving-defiector consisting of a body portion and a shank removably carried by the said handle member and a thumb-screw for securing the shank in a recess in said handle member.

Signed at New Britain, Connecticut, this 13th day of November, 1902.

CHAS. H. FOX.

Witnesses:
H. S. WALTER,
W. J. WORAM.

No. 719,062 – Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1903)

[paiddownloads id=”581″]719062

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO
THE STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT,
A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

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SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 719,062, dated January 27, 1903.
Application filed October 29, 1902. Serial No. 129,227. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to planes, and particularly to plane-handles.

The object of this invention is to provide a detachable handle which is adjustable and which may be applied to a plane at the side thereof in any desired position, so that when the plane is used upon its side the operator may have a convenient and effective means to hold the plane and apply to it power suficient to cause it to operate efficiently and in the intended manner. Heretofore in using a plane in this manner with the edge of the knife placed vertically it has been not only extremely awkward for the operator, but very difficult to keep the plane in the proper position to get true and effective work. Frequently the thing to be planed is of such shape or is so located that it cannot be placed upright to permit the plane to be used in the ordinary way with the fixed handle upright, and it is because on occasions it is necessary to use the plane on its side that a detachable side handle is found to be a feature of great convenience and utility. Inasmuch as planes vary substantially in size, I have devised a simple and effective mechanism the purpose of which is to render the handle adjustable, so that it may be attached to planes within a wide range of sizes.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane with the detachable handle applied thereto. Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof. Fig. 3 is a cross-section of the plane-stock and detachable handle as shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a view of the inside of the detachable handle.

A represents the stock of an iron plane. B is a handle permanently attached to the rear end thereof.

C is a front knob or handle, also usually permanently attached to the stock A.

In ordinary use the operator grasps the two handles B C.

The other details of the plane proper, such as the knife and the adjusting devices, it is unnecessary to describe in detail herein, because they constitute no part of this invention.

D is the body of a detachable handle, preferably in the form of a shell, since it provides a strong and light construction.

E is a lip on one side of the body D, the same being by preference of sufficient length to give a long flat bearing. Obviously the number of these lips E is immaterial. Two short lips spaced apart would give the same results. The lip E will for convenience of expression be termed herein the “flat” lip. F’ is a hooked lip at the opposite side of the body D, the said hook facing the flat lip E.

Ordinarily the stock A of a metal plane is provided with cheek-pieces, one on each side, and these cheek-pieces are generally shaped as shown in Fig. 1, in which they incline upwardly from each end to a high point or crown.

In attaching the haudle-body D the flat lip E is placed against the bottom of the plane-stock, and the handle is then pushed forward toward the highest part of the cheek-piece until the hooked lip F’ engages with it and may be wedged thereon, the hook F’ overstanding the upper edge of the cheek-piece and securing the handle in place on the side of the plane. The operator may then use the plane with one or both hands. In case one hand is used the palm is placed against the rear side of the body D and the fingers are placed over the top of the plane, giving a secure grip. The position of the plane will then be on its side, and the same may be pushed along the side or edge of the thing to be planed and the work done with ease and accuracy. In case the operator desires to use two hands he may grasp the solid handle B with one hand and the detachable handle D with the other, the latter taking the place of the knob-handle C. When the work is completed, the handle D may be easily removed by sliding the same backward and freeing the hook F’ from the cheek-piece of the stock.

Inasmuch as planes vary substantially in size, I have provided a simple and effective means whereby a single detachable handle may be used upon any plane within a wide range of sizes. As will be seen from the drawings, the book F’ is provided with a shank portion F2 in its preferred form, the end of which is bent or offset and through which end passes an adjusting-screw G.

D’ D’ are guide-flanges upon the body D, which are undercut to receive the shank F2, which is preferably dovetaiied, so as to be held between the flanges D’ D’. The fit of the shank F2 in said flanges D’ D’ is sufficiently free to permit said shank to slide longitudinally. Hence by turning the adjusting-screw G the shank F2 may be moved in the guide-flanges D’ D’ and the position of the hook F’ varied relatively to the flat lip E. For convenience of adjustment one end of the adjusting-screw may have a screw-driver slot, while the other end may be provided with a head G’ to prevent the screw from moving longitudinally. In the form shown inasmuch as the screw cannot move longitudinally the rotation of the screw will transmit longitudinal movement to the offset portion of the shank F2 and a corresponding movement in the lip F’, as described. While the handle D may be jammed into engagement with the cheek-piece of the plane-stock A, it may be still further tightened by turning up the screw G after it has been jammed as tightly as possible by sliding the handle forward. Another advantage of this construction resides in the fact that by shifting the hook F’ the operative position of the handle D may be varied on a plane of any given size. For example, the hook F’ may be drawn so near to the lip E that the handle D will stand well toward the rear end of the plane, or the hook F’ may be moved so far away from the lip E that the handle D will lie closely adjacent to the highest part of the cheek-piece and well forward on the side of the plane.

Obviously the construction herein shown may be modified in a variety of ways, such as will be apparent to the mechanic skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of this invention.

What I claim is —

1. A side handle for a plane comprising, a body portion and means projecting from said body for detachably and adjustably engaging the same at the side of a plane-stock.

2. A side handle for a plane comprising, a body portion and adjustable means for frictionally and detachably engaging the same with the cheek-piece of the plane-stock.

3. A side handle for a plane comprising, a body portion D, a flat lip on one side, and an adjustable lip on the opposite side, said lips being adapted to engage with the plane-stock.

4. A side handle for a plane, comprising, a body portion, lips on opposite sides thereof, one of said lips being adjustable and one of said lips being hooked.

Signed at New Britain, Connecticut, this 24th day of October, 1902.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
H. S. WALTER,
W. A. BLAKELY.