Month: February 2012

No. 17,118 – Improved Lubricator For Bench Planes (Hiram Strait) (1857)

[paiddownloads id=”40″]17118

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

HIRAM STRAIT, OF COVINGTON, KENTUCKY.

IMPROVED LUBRICATOR.

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Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 17,118, dated April 21, 1857.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HIRAM STRAIT, of Covington, Kenton county, Kentucky, have invented a new and useful Oiling Machine or Apparatus; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and definite description and illustration of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which similar letters stand for similar parts.

Figure 1 is a perspective, and Fig. 2, a vertical section of this oiling-machine, showing the relative position of its parts.

X is a cylindrical oil cup or vessel open at the top and bottom.

P is a vertical projection of its top for striking with a hammer, so as to loosen the bits of planes when they require sharpening, and R is a horizontal projection with several screws, z z, to fasten it to a plane-stock or journal-box.

L is its lid, which may be part of the cup, or separate, and is slightly concaved to receive the oil and set down in the cylinder a piece, so as to allow the blow of a hammer on the projection B; and B is its sliding and adjustable bottom.

T is a thumb-screw that passes freely through the lid L and screws into the bottom B, so as to raise it when turned one way and lower it when turned in a contrary direction.

To support the lid in its place and prevent the bottom from rotating with the thumb-screw, two or more guides, G G, are attached to the inside of the cup at equal distances, and the bottom is fitted to receive them and slide freely either up or down. The thumb-screw may be surrounded by a spiral spring, y y, to keep the bottom always fully extended.

S is a sponge or any other porous and elastic material saturated with oil, or a porous bag filled with oil, interposed for pressure between the lid L and bottom B. When the bottom raises, the pressure on the sponge increases, and when its falls, decreases. The oil is poured first onto the lid and then passes down into the sponge, and then its flow onto a journal or the face of a plane-stock is regulated by the pressure given by the thumb-screw.

This oiler is applicable to plane-stocks and journal-boxes. In plane- stocks it may be placed in front or behind the bits, or in front of the stock. When let into the stock it may extend clear through to the working-face, or it may extend near to it, and then the face immediately under it may be perforated so as to allow the oil to flow through and spread over it. The oil-cup may have a permanent and perforated bottom immediately under the sliding one, if required. When applied to journal-boxes, the lower part of the oil-cup X under the sliding bottom B may be contracted to a small aperture, and in plane-stocks expanded to their width. Any material that will saturate with oil and discharge it by pressure may be used in place of sponge.
This oiler may be attached so as to operate either vertically or horizontally. The lid may merely rest on the guides or be screwed firmly in its place.

The oil-cup may be square, oval, oblong, or of any other irregular form, and then the guides may be dispensed with and the lid rest on a projecting shoulder or points attached to the sides.

The oiler can be cast onto plane stock and journal-boxes when they are cast.

What I claim in this invention, and wish to Secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is —

The oil-cup X, with its sliding bottom B, thumb-screw T, and guides G, in combination with porous oil-bags or pieces of sponge S, or any other porous and elastic material saturated with oil, and the spring y, substantially as herein specified.

HIRAM STRAIT.

Witnesses:
BENJ. EGELSTON,
STEPHEN CHARLES.

No. 17,286 – Joiner’s Plane (Benjamin I. Lane) (1857)

[paiddownloads id=”41″]17286

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

BENJAMIN I. LANE, OF NEWBURYPORT, MASSACHUSETTS.

JOINER’S PLANE.

_________________

Specification of Letters Patent No. 17,286, dated May 12, 1857.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN I. LANE, of Newburyport, in the county of Essex and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Joiners’ Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawing, making a part of this specification, said drawing being a longitudinal vertical section of a plane with my improvement applied to it.

This invention consists in a novel means employed for securing the iron properly within the plane, and also for adjusting said iron, and giving it more or less “set” as may be desired.

To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and construct my invention, I will proceed to describe it.

A, represents the body or stock of the plane constructed of wood and in the usual way.

B, is the throat of the usual form; and C, is the iron placed within the throat; the back of the iron resting or bearing against the back edge or side of the throat. To the back side of the iron C, near its lower end, a ledge (a), is secured, and a slot (b), is formed or made in its upper end. A ledge or small bar (c), is placed in the slot (b),
and is secured therein by a thumb nut (d), which is fitted on a screw (e), which passes through the slot (b).

D, is a screw rod, the lower end of which is stepped in the ledge (a) ; the upper end of the rod passes through the ledge or bar (c), and has a thumb wheel (f), on it.

E, represents a metal plate which is fitted on a plate F, secured and “let in” flush with the upper surface of the stock A. The plate E, is secured to the plate F, by screws (g), which pass through slots in the plate E. The plate E, therefore, is allowed a certain degree of play on the plate F. The screw rod D, passes through a hole (i), in the inner end. of the plate E; and also through a hole (j), in a bar or projection (k), at the lower end of a bar (l). This bar (l), is attached to the under side of the plate E; and a screw thread is out in the hole (j) through which the screw rod passes. In the back part of the plate E, a square opening (m), is made, and a wedge (n), is fitted therein. This wedge (n) , has a rod (o), passing vertically through it; the lower part of the rod having a screw thread formed on it; the screw portion passing through a nut (p), secured in a recess (g), in the stock A. The upper end of the rod (o), has a thumb wheel (r), on it.

The back side of the throat B, on which the iron C, rests has a recess (s), made in it, to receive the bar (l), and allow it a requisite degree of play.

From the above description of parts it will be seen that the iron C, may be raised and lowered by turning the screw rod D, so that the cutting edge (t), may have the required “set”; and the iron is firmly bedded or made to bear snugly against the back side of the throat B, by turning the rod (o); whereby the wedge (n), is depressed, the plate E, forced outward, and iron pressed or drawn firmly against the the back side of the throat.

I do not claim separately the screw rod D, for raising and lowering the iron C, for that has been previously used for effecting the same purpose; — but,

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. The sliding plate E, with bar (l), attached, through which the screw rod D, passes; the plate E being operated by the wedge (n), and screw rod (o); substantially as described, for the purpose set forth.

2. I also claim, in cornbination with the plate E, and bar (l), arranged and operated as shown, the screw rod D, applied to the iron C, and connected with the plate E, and bar (l), as described, whereby the iron C, may be adjusted or “set” with facility, and also secured firmly in proper position within the plane.

BENJ. I. LANE.

Witnesses:
JAMES F. BUCKLEY,
WM. TUSCH.

No. 17,332 – Joiner’s Plane (James Lashbrooks) (1857)

[paiddownloads id=”42″]17332

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JAMES LASHBROOKS, OF OWENSBORO, KENTUCKY.

JOINER’S PLANE.

_________________

Specification of Letters Patent No. 17,332, dated May 19, 1857.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES LASHBROOKS, of Owensboro, in the county of Daviess and State of Kentucky, have invented certain new and useful Irnprovernents in Hand-Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

The nature of nay invention consists in the use of a curved bit whereby I am enabled to use a handle on all planes however short without any inconvenience.

In order that those skilled in the art may use and manufacture my invention I will proceed to describe operation and construction. In the accompanying drawings which make a part of this specification Figure 1 is a side elevation. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the bit. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the bit.

In Fig. 1 A is the stock, B the handle, C the bit, D a plate of steel extending into the stock and attached to the handle. L is a screw passing through the bit C for the purpose of holding in its position, E the head of said screw. G seen in dotted line shows a screw for attaching bit F to bit C. g is a slot in the stock in which screw G works.

In Fig. 2 C is the bit, L the screw, a a slot through which screw G passes attaching the two bits.

In Fig. 3 C the main bit, F the cap bit, G screw for attaching them, L screw for stationing the bits at any desired point.

In the operation of my invention the bit and cap are first fastened together by means of the screw G and adjusted to the position required in the stock and then set to the depth required for planing by ineans of screw L which presses against plate D, D. The plane is then ready for use. It will be seen that as the bit C is pressed by means of screw L against plate D the effect of the leverage is to press the lower end of the bit firmly against the lower side of the plane stock through which it passes thus making a more solid and firm plane than by any other device known, doing away entirely with wedges in my curved bit plane.

One of the peculiar advantages of my invention consists in causing the bit to curve forward and thus allowing me room to set a handle on all short or smoothing planes which cannot be done by any other shaped bit heretofore known and which object is of great iinportance in short planes. It is also applicable to all planes.

Having thus described my invention what I claim is —

The curved plane iron C and cap F in combination with the curved back rest and slotted plate D operating as described and for the purpose set forth.

JAMES L ASHBROOKS.

Witnesses:
HENRY DUGAN,
JOHN LASHBROOK.

No. 17,541 – Tonguing And Grooving Hand Plane (Porter A. Gladwin) (1857)

[paiddownloads id=”43″]17541

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

PORTER A. GLADWIN, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND THOS. F.
CALDICOTT.

TONGUING AND GROOVING HAND-PLANE.

_________________

Specification of Letters Patent No. 17,541, dated June 9, 1857.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PORTER A. GLADWIN, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improved Tongue and Groove Plane or “Match-Plane,” as usually termed; and I do hereby declare that the same is fully described and represented in the following specification and the accompanying drawings, of which —

Figure 1, is a side elevation of my improved plane. Fig. 2, a front end view of it. Fig. 3, a top view of it. Fig. 4, a front view of its plane iron or cutter. Fig. 5, is an end view, and Fig. G, a, side view of the ordinary match plane.

The common match plane is made with two separate throats for the reception of separate cutters, which are arranged so as to stand or slant in opposite directions as shown at a, and b, in Fig. 6.

In Fig. 5 c, and d, represent the vertical guides of the tonguing and grooving cutters, their lower edges being arranged on a level with each other while both of such guides are placed between the tonguing and grooving cutters. After the plane has been used to form a tongue it must be turned around or reversed in the hand in order to enable it to make a groove. This is not the case with my improved match plane which always works in one direction whether it be used for cutting a tongue or for making a groove.

In Figs. 1, 2, and 3, A, denotes the stock or body of the plane, which is constructed with a single throat, B, for the reception of a cutter, or plane iron C, formed as shown in front view in Fig. 4, that is, with a grooving cutting edge, i, and tonguing cutting edges, k, k, arranged with respect to one another as shown in said figure. This cutter, C, stands or slants in one direction and operates with vertical guides c’, d’, and horizontal guides f’, g’, h’, arranged as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

In the common match plane, the vertical guides, c, d, (see Fig. 5) are arranged below the horizontal guides, and so that their lower edges may be on a level, whereas in my improved plane, the vertical guides, c’, d’, are arranged so that one of them viz d’ extends below the other, while the horizontal guide, f’, of the tonguing cutter is arranged between the said two guides, c’, d’. This latter arrangement enables the plane to be used with one handle and either for tonguing or grooving, while its handle is grasped by the hand of a workman, it not being necessary to reverse the plane during the performance of those operations.

The advantages of the improved match plane will be apparent.

I do not claim the combination of tonguing and grooving cutters, upright and horizontal guides in one stock, wherein the tonguing and grooving cutters are arranged to slant in opposite directions, but

What I do claim as an improvement in the match plane is,

The tonguing and grooving cutter or cutters in a single throat and to slant in one direction in combination with arranging the vertical guides so that one shall stand below the other, and the horizontal tongue guide be arranged between as specified.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my signature.

PORTER A. GLADWIN.

Witnesses:
R. H. EDDY,
F. P. HALE, Jr.

No. 17,553 – Stock For Bench Planes (Joel Bryant) (1857)

[paiddownloads id=”44″]17553

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOEL BRYANT, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

STOCK FOR BENCH-PLANES.

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Specification of Letters Patent No. 17,553, dated June 16, 1857.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOEL BRYANT, of the city of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented an Improvement in Bench or Carpenters’ Planes: and I hereby declare that the following is a full and correct description thereof, to wit:

The nature of my invention consists in removing the recess, back of the plane iron — formed by the lower edge or tip of the plane stock, and the bevel edge of the plane iron — the said recess serving no purpose whatever, but, as is well known, a troublesome annoyance in catching splinters and small pieces of wood, obstructing the use of the plane. And, also, in addition to the removal of the recess, I have invented a new and more convenient method ot securing the plane iron and its cap together (where a cap is used), and, in the plane stock, by means of a single screw bolt and a sunken nut, the said screw and nut operating in connection with the plane iron and cap, as shown in the accompanying drawings Figure 1. and by the letters and figures marked thereon and forming a part of this specification.

Fig. 1, in the accompanying drawings, is a longitudinal section of a bench plane, showing my improvement in the removal of the recess (R, Fig. 2,) as found in ordinary bench planes (Fig. 2). The recess (R, Fig. 2,) being removed by cutting off, or dispensing with the lower edge or tip (L, Fig. 2,) as far up in the stock (A,) as the upper part of the bevel of the plane iron goes to where the said plane iron (P) fits snugly to its bed in the plane stock (A) leaving in its room and stead an opening (O), having a backward inclination for the easy transit of any bits or small pieces that might pass the plane iron (P,) the said opening (O) being thus bounded on all sides by the snugly fitted plane iron (P) in the bed of the plane stock (A) it leaves no lissures or crevices in which splinters or bits of wood can fasten or stick; and thus, by this simple device, a most troublesome and vexatious annoyance is got rid of, without any inconvenience or disadvantage whatever, the said lower edge or tip (L) being of no use.

The other improvement in bench planes, is plainly shown in the said Fig. 1 by the screw bolt (B,) with its head (h) and shank (S,) in connection with the plane iron (P) and cap (C), and the sunken nut (N). The said shank (S,) being provided with a screw thread, passes through the said plane iron (P,) and cap (C) enters and fastens into the said sunken nut (N,) having a corresponding screw thread cut therein, the said screw bolt (B,) is screwed down into the said sunken nut (N,) and left with its head (h) resting upon, binding together, and firmly securing the said plane iron (P,) and cap (C,) in their place and bed in the plane stock (A), thus avoiding by this improvement the use of a wedge, or any other complicated contrivance for securing the plane iron and cap together and in the plane stock, thereby saving expense in the construction of plane stocks, and gaining an advantage and convenience in adjusting and securing plane irons over any other contrivance hitherto known or used.

I am aware that metal plane stocks have been invented with an iron tip for filling the said recess which I remove. I am also aware that an invention exists for securing the plane iron and its cap together and afterward, in the plane stock, by means of a “hook headed bolt, two nuts, and a cam shaft,” but these are essentially different from my invention; therefore, disclaiming all and every other alleged iinprovement in bench planes, (unless substantially the same as is herein set forth and described as my invention,) I institute my claim for what I desire to secure by Letters Patent as follows, to wit:

I claim the construction and use ot bench planes having an opening with a backward inclination made by the dispensing with, or the removal of the lower edge or tip of the plane stock ( as existing in bench planes of ordinary construction), the said opening being made for the purpose of avoiding the annoyance produced by splinters or small pieces of wood fastening into the recess, as formed by the said lower edge or lip of the plane stock and the bevel of the plane iron (in common bench planes) substantially as herein described and for the purpose set forth.

JOEL BRYANT.

Witnesses:
A. H. BIGELOW,
MELVILLE BRYANT.

No. 17,618 – Holding And Adjusting Plane Irons In Their Stocks (Willard W. Chipman) (1857)

[paiddownloads id=”45″]17618

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLARD W. CHIPMAN, OF LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

METHOD OF HOLDING AND ADJUSTING PLANE-IRONS IN THEIR STOCKS.

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Specification of Letters Patent No. 17,618, dated June 23, 1857.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLARD W. CHIPMAN, of Lowell, in the county of Middlesex and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Holding and Adjusting Plane-Irons; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

Similar letters of reference in each of the several figures refer to like parts.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane with my improvements attached. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section of the same. Fig. 3 is a cross section perpendicular to the direction of the plane iron. Fig. 4. is a plan of a part of the apparatus, shown detached from the plane stock. Fig. 5 is an end view of the same.

A represents the stock, or main part of the plane. B is the handle, C is the iron, or cutting tool, D is the cap which is secured on the face of C in the usual manner by means of the screw F. This cap may, or may not be used.

Fastened to the back of the “iron” C is a double V or sliding piece E which has a slot running longitudinally through the middle of it large enough to admit the head of the screw F.

G, G is a small metallic frame having a V shaped groove on each side in which the sliding piece E is supported. A suitable place is cut out in the plane stock directly beneath the iron C to receive this frame G and it is secured therein by means of screws.

H, H’ are frogs or wedge shaped pieces secured in the grooves of the frame G, G by means of a joint so that one end is at liberty to swing in or out. These frogs are operated upon by means of the thumb screws I, I’, which screw through the sides of frame G and press against the movable end of the frogs. The heads of the thumb screws I, I’ are sunk in recesses made, one on each side of the plane stock and just large enough to allow the thumb and finger to have a fair chance to turn the screws. Now when the frogs are thrown back in the grooves, the slide E is at liberty to move up or down in them (the grooves) freely, and the “plane iron” can be adjusted to its proper place, which being done, the thumb screws are turned up against the frogs, and these bind or wedge the sliding piece E into the grooves, and thus the plane iron is secured firmly in its place. One advantage in this manner of securing the plane iron is, that it leaves the mouth of the plane through which the shavings come perfectly smooth and free from all the obstructions that are found in the common plane, so that the shavings cannot clog in the mouth and cause trouble to the operator. Another advantage is in the facility it affords of adjusting the iron to the right gage, and also of setting it. square. If, as it often happens, one side of the edge of the iron projects through the mouth more than the other, then we must loosen the screw on the side where the edge shows least and screw up the other, until the edge comes into the right position. This simple and positive operation is an evident advantage over the old uncertain way of rapping the top of the iron with a hammer.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The use and application of the apparatus for holding and adjusting the plane iron, substantially as, and for the purpose described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my signature this twenty fifth day of May A. D. 1857.

WILLARD W. CHIPMAN.

In presence of us —
N. WRIGHT,
O. E. CUSHING.

No. 17,645 – Securing And Adjusting Plane Irons In Their Stocks (William Stoddard) (1857)

[paiddownloads id=”46″]17645

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WM. STODDARD, OF LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

MODE OF SECURING AND ADJUSTING PLANE-IRONS IN THEIR STOCKS.

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Specification of Letters Patent No. 17,645, dated June 23, 1857.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WM. STODDARD, of Lowell, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and Improved Mode of Fastening in Plane-Irons; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, in which —

Figure 1 is a plan of a plane with my invention attached showing the lever A through an opening in the iron B ; Fig. 2 is an end elevation presenting the cam stand C and lever A as seen from a back end view of the plane ; Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical section on D, E, on which F denotes the tool stock; G, a cap on the cutting iron B and confined to it by the double headed bolt H. This bolt slides loosely in the grooved stand I, seen more distinctly in Fig. 7, which is a transverse vertical section through the double irons B and G, bolt H, and stand I.

A is a lever acting in and on the cam stand C in such a manner that moving it to the right or left lowers or raises the upper ends of the irons B, G. At the same time the cutting or lower ends are moved in an opposite direction by means of their connection with stand I by bolt H which serves as a fulcrum for lever A to operate upon thus firnily pressing the irons B and G to the plane stock and preventing any looseness or chattering at their cutting ends as is often the case when fastened by a key or wedge.

What I claim as my invention and wish to secure by Letters Patent is —

The grooved stand I double-headed bolt H in combination with the cam A and its stand C for the purposes set forth and described.

WILLIAM STODDARD. [L. S.]

Witnesses:
ALBERT I. PHILBRICK,
H. G. BLAISDELL.

No. 17,735 – Securing The Stock To The Guide Rods Of Joiner’s Plows (Stephen Going) (1857)

[paiddownloads id=”48″]17735

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

STEPHEN GOING, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

DEVICE FOR SECURING THE STOCK TO THE GUIDE-RODS OF JOINERS’ PLOWS.

_________________

Specification of Letters Patent No. 17,735, dated July 7, 1857.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, STEPHEN GOING, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Plow for Joiners’ Use; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 is a front view of my improvement. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section ofthe same (x) (x) Fig. 1, indicating the plane of section. Fig. 3 is also a longitudinal vertical section of the same, (y) (y) Fig. 1, indicating the plane of section.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

My invention consists in the peculiar mode of securing the stock on guide-rods which are attached to the gage.

The invention has for its object the ready adjustment of the stock on the guide rods.

To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and construct my invention, I will proceed to describe it.

A represents the gage to which two parallel cylindrical rods B, B, are attached. The gage is of the usual construction, and the rods B, B, which are guide rods, are attached to the gage in the usual way.

The guide rods B, B, ass transversely through the stock C. This stock is constructed in the usual manner.

Within the stock C a metallic rod or bar D is placed. The bar D is fitted in a recess (a) in the stock, and the lower end of a screw E is fitted into the center of the bar D. The screw E passes vertically into the stock C, and the ends of the bar D have each a concave surface as shown at (b) Fig. 3, and these concave surfaces (b) are at the bottom of the circular openings through which the guide rods B, B, pass. The recess (a) in the stock is made sufficiently large to allow a certain degree of vertical play or movement to the bar D, so that when the bar D is forced down to the lower part of the recess (a) by turning the screw E, the stock will be allowed to work freely back and forth on the guide rods. And when the stock is to be secured on the rods the concave surfaces (b) are pressed or bound firmly up a ainst the rods B, so that the stock will be firmly clamped to them. By this means the stock C may be readily moved and secured at any desired point on the rods B, and the parallelism of the stock and gage will always be preserved.

F represents the iron which is fitted in an inclined mortise in the stock. This mortise is of slightly taper form longitudinally, and a wooden key G is litted therein.

H is a screw-rod, which asses obliquely into the stock C, and at right angles to the face of the iron F. The inner part of the screw rod passes through a nut (c) placed in the stock as shown in Fig. 2, and the inner end of the rod, which has a journal (d)
formed on it, is fitted in a recess in the key G.

It will be seen from the above description of parts that by merely turning the screw-rod H, the key G may be made to press tightly against the iron F and secure the same firmly in the mortise. And as the screw-rod H , passes into the key G at right angles to it tlhe back of the iron F will be pressed firmly against the back of the mortise, and the iron will thus be prevented from working loose in the mortise. The great advantage in this arrangement is the relative position of the screw-rod with the iron and key, namely, at right angles. If the screw-rod were laced obliquely with the iron F, the iron wouild be liable to work loose in the mortise.

The ordinary plows, at least those of the most approved kind, have their stocks rendered adjustable on their guide rods by having screw-threads formed on said rods, and nuts and followers fitted thereon. The objection to the most modern plow now in use is that considerable time is lost in adjusting the iron placed in said stock at any parallel line required. By my improvement the iron in said stock may be adjusted with the greatest facility and also at parallel lines at any point of said guide rods.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

Securing the stock C, on the guide-rods B, B, by means of the bar D, fitted within the stock and actuated by the screw E, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

STEPHEN GOING.

Witnesses:
W. TUSCH,
J. F. BUCKLEY.

No. 723,143 – Wood Scraper (Louis F. Deffaulx) (1903)

[paiddownloads id=”66″]723143

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

LOUIS F. DEFFAULX, OF INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA.

WOOD-SCRAPER.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 723,143, dated March 17, 1903.
Application filed July 30, 1902. Serial No. 117,615. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LOUIS F. DEFFAULX, a citizen of the United States, residing at Indianapolis, in the county of Marion and State of Indiana, have invented new and useful Improvements in Wood-Scrapers: and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to tools for scraping the surfaces of wooden floors, siding, furniture and the like ; and has reference more particularly to scrapers that are designed to be held when in use in the hands of the operator.

The object of the invention is to provide an improved scraper of the character above referred to that may be cheaply constructed, capable of doing superior work, and be durable and economical in use.

The invention consists in the application to a scraper and the stock thereof of an elastic bearing for the scraper ; and it consists also in the novel parts and in the combination of parts, as hereinafter particularly described, and pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the drawings, in which similar reference characters indicate corresponding parts, Figure 1 represents a front elevation view of a hand-scraper constructed in accordance with my invention ; Fig. 2, a view of the bottom thereof ; Fig. 3, a fragmentary view of the bottom, enlarged so as to more clearly show the scraper-bearing ; Fig. 4, a central vertical sectional view transversely of the plane of the scraper, and Fig. 5 a perspective view of the elastic scraper-bearing.

In constructing the scraper I provide a suitable stock A, the bottom of which is a plane and the front of which is slightly oblique to the bottom. The stock for the hand-scrapers is provided with a pair of curved handles a a at the sides thereof. The elastic scraper-bearing B, preferably formed of rubber, has thin ends b b and a relatively thick central portion d, the rear face of the bearing being flat and the front face thereof arched. The bearing is set with its rear face against the front face of the stock A, the latter being preferably slightly recessed to receive a portion of the bearing. A gage C, having feet D D, is secured to the front face of the stock by means of screws e e and extends horizontally across the lower portion of the face, the lower part of the gage having a plane face situated in the same plane as that of the lower face of the stock. The heels E E of the feet are suitably curved and extend over the ends of the bearing B.

The scraper F is formed as a thin plate of steel and has a suitably dressed and sharpened scraping edge f. It is placed with its rear side against the curved front face of the bearing B, and the heels E E are placed against the front side of the craper. By means of the screws e e the scraper plate or blade is forced against its bearing B and sprung so as to assume the same curvature as that of the face of the bearing. The screws secure the scraper in the position in which it may be adjusted. It will thus be seen that the scraper-blade is seated against a slightly-elastic bearing, whereby improved results are attained, the blade having a more intimate contact with its seat than would be possible if the seat were hard or rigid and not self-fitting, as the bearing B is.

In practical use the tool is to be pushed upon the wood with the blade at the front of the stock, in the usual manner.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new is —

1. A wood-scraper provided with an elastic blade seat or bearing having a crowning or arched face, and a scraping-blade secured against the crowning or arched face of the elastic seat.
2. A wood-scraper provided with an insertible blade seat or bearing having a crowning or arched face, and a scraping-blade having a curved scraping edge and secured against the crowning or arched face of the insertible seat.
3. A wood-scraper comprising a stock, an elastic bearing having a curved front face and seated against the stock, a scraping-blade seated against the front face of the bearing, and a clamping-gage secured to the stock and engaging the blade.
4. A wood-scraper provided with an insertible elastic blade seat or baring having thin ends and a relitively thick central portion, and a scraping-blade secured against the elastic seat.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

LOUIS F. DEFFAULX.

Witnesses:
WM. H. PAYNE,
E. T. SILVIUS.

No. 98,305 – Whalebone Shaving Plane (James A. Sevey) (1869)

[paiddownloads id=”53″]98305

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES A. SEVEY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

Letters Patent No. 98,305, dated December 28, 1869.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN PLANE FOR SHAVING WHALEBONE.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

To all persons to whom these presents may come:

Be it known that I, JAMES A. SEVEY, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk, and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful or Improved Machine or Implement for Stripping or Shaving Whalebone ; and I do hereby declare the same to be fully described in the following specification, and represented in the accompanying drawings, of which —

Figure 1 denotes a perspective view of it :
Figure 2, a verticle and longitudinal section ; and
Figure 3, a transverse section of it.

In such drawings —

E denotes a plane-stock, made of wood, or other proper material, and provided with a handle, a, which extends from it in manner as exibited in figs. 1 and 2.

At or near its heel, the said stock is rebated entirely across it, as shown at b c d, in fig. 2, and also in fig. 1.

Within the recess or rebate, I arrange, at suitable distances apart, and parallel to each other, two metallic blocks or plane-iron supporters A A, they being rebated on their inner edges, as shown at e e, in fig. 3, in order to receive and support a plane-iron or cutter, C, the bevel f of whose cutting-edge, is arranged upward, or in a manner as shown in fig. 2.

The plane-iron C is held to these supporters A A by means of clamp-screws g g, screwed into the supporters, and arranged, with reference to the plane-iron, in manner as represented.

Each supporter is held in place by three screws, S S P, two of which go through the supporter and screw into the plane-stock. The third screw, P, is arranged between the screws S S, and is screwed through the plane-stock, and against the supporter, the whole being as shown in fig. 2.

By means of these adjusting-screws S S P, the inclination or bevel of the knife or plane-iron can be so adjusted as to bring the cutting-edge thereof down to a plane, L L, which extends from the lower edge of the front end of a plate-spring, M, to the lower edges of the four screws g g.

In advance of the plane-iron C there is a spring-plate or throat-piece M, which is secured to the plane-stock E by means of two screws, B B, which go through slots h h, (made in the plate M,) and screw into the stock.

Furthermore, certain adjusting-screws, D D D, screw down through the stock E, and against the upper surface of the plate M. These screws, with the screws BB, and the slots h h, are to adjust the elastic throat-piece M, or enable it to be perfectly adjusted with reference to the cutting-edge of the plane-iron C.

The implement is to be used in the manner of a common carpenter’s plane, the spring-plate M being first properly adjusted, with reference to the cutting-edge of the plane-iron, so as to cause such edge, when forced against the end of a slab of whalebone, to strike it at the requisite depth.

As soon as the plane-iron enters the slab, the incline f will raise the shaving or part to be split, or force it up from the part below it, so as to split it therefrom.

The spring-plate or throat-piece, operating in conjunction with the knife-edge of the plane f, will not only yield, so as to allow the plane-iron to hit the end of the lab at the proper depth, but will afterward press upon the upper surface of the portion to be removed, and hold the whole down to the bench.

The implement, on being moved forward, will separate a strip of even thickness from the slab, however irregular the slab may be on its upper surface.

I am aware of the plane described in the United States patent, No. 50,947, dated November 14, 1865, and granted to Harrison Ogborn, and I make no claim thereto. My plane differs from it, in having its cutter C sustained by two adjustable supporters A A, which answer not only as means of holding the cutter, but as guides for the shaving, to direct it properly through and out the plane.

My plane also has the elastic throat-piece M. provided with adjustments, by which it can be adjusted both laterally and longitudinally, with respect to the edge of the plane-iron C ; whereas, the throat-piece of Ogborn’s plane is inelastic, and adjustable only laterally, or up and down.

The elastic or spring throat-piece M does not project over the plane-iron, but is arranged in front of it, and with its working end in the same plane with the cutting-edge of the knife C.

In order for the knife C to cut, the throat-piece M must first spring upward, and, while the shaving is being cut, the throat-piece is borne down on it by the inherent elastic force of the throat-piece, the same enabling very thin, and smooth, and even shavings to be removed from the whalebone. Consequently,

What I claim as my invention is as follows :

The combination and arrangement of the spring or elastic throat-piece M, (provided with adjusting-devices, as described,) with the plane-stock E, and the cutter or plane-iron C.

Also, the combination and arrangement of the plane-iron supporters A A, and the clamp-screws g, and adjusting-screws S S P, with the plane-stock E, the cutter C, and the mouth-piece M, provided with devices for adjusting it, as set forth.

J. A. SEVEY.

Witnesses:
R. H. EDDY,
F. P. HALE, Jr.

No. 89,369 – Low Angle Bench Plane (Stephen W. Woodward) (1869)

[paiddownloads id=”52″]89369

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

STEPHEN W. WOODWARD, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

Letters Patent No. 89,369, dated April 27, 1869; antedated April 16, 1869.
_________________

IMPROVEMENTS IN PLANE FOR CARPENTERS’ USE.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, STEPHEN W. WOODWARD, of the city of Buffalo, in the county of Erie, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes for Carpenters’, Joiners’, or Cabinet-Makers’ Use ; and do hereby declare the following to be full, clear, and exact description there-of, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

The nature of my invention consists in the manner of placing the plane-iron with its face downward, holding the cutting-edge of the same firmly in any required position, and elevating or lowering, forcing outward or withdrawing the same, by means of screws and pins.

In order to enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will now proceed to describe its construction and operation, referring to the annexed drawings, which form a part of this specification, and in which —

Figure 1 is a dissected view of the plane, and
Figure 2 is a sectional view of the same.

Fig. 1 represents a cast-iron plane, with a slot marked a cast in the body of the plane, for the purpose of guiding and holding a screw marked b, the operation of which screw is intended to elevate or depress the cutting-edge of the plane-iron, at the same time opening and closing the throat of the plane, so as to gauge the thickness of the shaving or cut.

C represents a thumb-screw attached to the plane-iron, for the purpose of forcing outward, withdrawing, and at the same time assisting to hold in any required position, the cutting-edge of the plane-iron.

This screw C enters the sleeve I, which is hinged or pivoted in such a manner to the rear end of the plane-bit E, that said end may be adjusted vertically without affecting the screw.

The screw C not being cramped by the movement of the rear end of the plane-bit, is left free to act upon said bit, for giving it an endwise adjustment at any angle it may assume.

d represents the cap, with screw d, holding the plane-iron firmly in its place.

This cap is caught beneath two pins, or lugs J, on the inner faces of the flanges, forming the sides of the plane, and with its screw d, serves to press down and hold in position the forward end of the same bit.

Having thus fully described my invention,
What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The sleeve I, provided with jaws, and pivoted to the bit E, arranged with the screws C and b, to operate as set forth.

STEPHEN W. WOODWARD.

Witnesses:
J. H. BARTON,
W. C. SHERWOOD.

No. 81,795 – Bench Plane For Cutting Blind-Slats (Carl Kupfer) (1868)

[paiddownloads id=”51″]81795

United States Patent Office.

CARL KUPFER, OF MADISON, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND KUND
J. FLEISCHER, OF SAME PLACE.

Letters Patent No. 81,795, dated September 1, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT IN PLANES FOR CUTTING BLIND-SLATS.

_________________

Specification of Letters Patent No. 81,795 dated July 4, 1854.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, CARL KUPFER, of Madison in the county of Dane, and State of Wisconsin, have made new and useful Improvements in Slat-Cutting Machinery ; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the nature, construction, and operation of the same, sufficient to enable one skilled in the art to which it appertains to construct and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which are made part of this specification, and in which —

Figure 1 is a perspective view.
Figure 2 is an end sectional view.
Figure 3 is an enlarged side sectional view.
Figure 4 is a side sectional view.

The invention consists in the construction of a knife or plane bit, whose edge or edges are so shaped, arranged, and combined as to cut the top, sides and bottom of the slat at one stroke of the plane across the stick of timber from which the slat is to be cut, and in leaving a straight edge or side, against which the shoulder of the plane is brought, and which serves as a guide for the plane in cutting each succeeding slat.

The bit A is made of a piece of steel, of suitable dimensions for the size of the slat to be cut, with its lower cutting-end, B, bent to an angle of forty-five degrees, or thereabouts, from the line of the body of the bit, and projecting downwards, as shown at B, fig 4. This projection is pierced with a hole, as at C, fig. 2, of any desired shape for the slat, and in line with the face of the plane D, as shown at C, fig. 2; the upper and lower edges of the aperture being brought to sharp cutting-edges, as at 1 2, fig. 2.

In sharpening these edges, care must be taken to leave two lips, whose edges, 3 4, fig. 2, are at right angles with the upper and lower cutting-edges 1 2. The bit A is set in a plane-stock, D, and secured in the ordinary manner with a wedge, E, there being sufficient throat, F, for the escape of all shavings. The front end of the plane-stock is provided with a handle, G, to facilitate holding the tool firmly.

By the use of this tool I am enabled to avoid the use of sawed lumber of any kind, and, instead, use timber as it is split from the log, like fire-wood, or without splitting at all, and thus I save from one-half to nine-tenths of the timber, and consequently a large proportion of the cash outlay formerly paid for stock.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. The bit A, when constructed with sharpened upper and lower edges, 1 and 2, leaving two lips, 3 and 4, said lips to be at right angles with the upper and lower cutting-edges, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination of the bit A, as described and claimed, with the plane-stock, for the use and purposes specified.

CARL KUPFER.

Witnesses:
J. C. SCHELTE,
A. JURGENS.

No. 13,957 – Patternmakers Core Box Plane (John P. Robinson) (1855)

[paiddownloads id=”27″]13957

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN P. ROBINSON, OF MATTEAWAN, NEW YORK.

PLANE FOR FINISHING GROOVES IN PATTERNS &c.

_________________

Specification of Letters Patent No. 13,957, dated December 18, 1855.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN P. ROBINSON, of Matteawan, in the county of Dutchess and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Plane for Cutting or Forming Grooves Designed Chiefly for Patternmakers’ Use; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1, is an ened view of my improvement. Fig. 2, is a longitudinal verticle section of ditto, the plane of section being through the center. Figs. 3, 4, 5 are end views of my improvement in different positions showing the manner in which the grooves are formed. Fig. 6, is an end view of ditto, the form of the plane being slightly varied from those shown in the proceeding figures. Fig. 7, is a perspective view of the block of wood showing a taper groove formed by my improvement.

Similar letters of reference indicate coresponding parts in the several figures.

My invention consists in having the stock of the plane made in triangular or three sided prismatic form the cutting edge of the iron being at the junction of it’s two lower sides and shaped to correspond to the form of the sides as will be presently shown and described whereby half round and other shaped grooves of different sizes may be cut.

To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and construct my invention, I will proceed to describe it.

A, represents the stock or body of the plane which is of triangular or three sided prismatic form.

B, represents the plane iron which passes through the center of the upper side of the plane stock, the cutting edge of the plane iron is pointed or has beveled edges corresponding with the inclination of the two lower sides of the stock as shown clearly in Fig. 1.

In Figs 1, 3, 4 and 5, the two lower sides of the stock meet at a right angle, and in Fig. 6 the angle formed by the junction of the two lower sides is acute or less than a right angle.

The width of the plane iron, B, is such that each of the lower sides of the stock will have a suitable length of cutting edge of the iron projecting through it, a suitable thwart C, being made through the stock as shown in Fig. 2.

The plane is used in the following manner: The stuff in which the groove is to be cut is marked or lined to indicate the desired width of the groove. The spaces between the marks or lines may then be chipped or roughed out a requisite depth as desired with a gouge or other instrument, or the whole of the groove may be cut with the plane, if the latter plan is preferred a shallow cut is made by the plane on each line or mark, and the edge of the plane formed by the junction of the two lower sides is placed in one of these cuts as shown in Fig. 3 and the plane operated similar to other tools of the kind. One side or edge only of the plane iron cuts in the groove and when the plane has cut one half of the groove it, the plane, will be in an upright position as shown in Fig. 4. The lower edge of the stock is then placed in the opposite cut and the other half of the groove is cut. The plane stock being of triangular form rests against the edges of the groove and determines its depth, so that if the two lower sides of the stock are at right angles to each other, the groove will be of semi-circular form, as shown in Figs. 1, 3, 4 and 5 but if the lower sides form an acute angle as shown in Fig. 6 the groove will be a semi-ellipse deeper than it is wide and if the sides form an obtuse angle the groove will be wider than it is deep.

Grooves may be made of taper form as shown at D, fig 7, and they may be made of any width and depth, the depth of course corresponding to the width and angle formed by the two lower sides of the stock.

The above implement or tool is intended chiefly for patternmakers’ use, where grooves of varying sizes require to be made.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is,

Constructing the plane stock A, of triangular or three sided prismatic form, the two lower sides forming a greater or less angle with each other and the plane iron, B, fitted in the stock as shown for the purpose set forth.

JOHN. P. ROBINSON.

Witnesses:
CHAUNCEY GREEN,
ADOLPHUS VANDEWATER.