Month: March 2012

No. 96,258 – Improvement In Carpenters’ Planes (Georg Müller) (1869)

[paiddownloads id=”154″]96258

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

GEORG MÜLLER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND FRANCIS BURNET, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN CARPENTERS’ PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 96,258, dated October 26, 1869.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORG MÜLLER, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Carpenters’ Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 is a top view ofi a carpenter’s plane containing my invention; Fig. 2, a side elevation, and Fig. 3 a vertical section, of same. Fig. 4 is an under side view of the retaining-box in connection with the sliding cap-iron; Fig. 5, an inner view of retaining-box with cap-iron removed; Fig. 6, a plan of the sliding cap-iron, and Fig. 7 a longitudinal section of said iron.

This invention relates to a novel device for adjusting the cap and bit-irons of a carpenter’s plane in relation to each other and to the plane, and holding the same firmly in position by means of a swinging box or frame, which is pivoted to the plane-stock, and on which the cap-iron slides, the said box having set-screws for adjusting, retaining, and bracing the box, cap-iron, bit-iron, and plane-stock together, and at the same time rendering the cutting-irons capable ofthe nicest adjustment and stability in relation to each other and to the face of the plane-stock.

Having described the nature of my invention, I will now describe its construction and mode of operation.

In the drawings, A is the plane-stock, B the handle, and C the plane-iron or cutting-bit. D is the cap-iron, having projections e e, which slide on the ways of the box, and having, also, a lip or projection, f, at right angles to its face, in which set-screws (which pass through the end of the box marked g g g’) operate, for purposes hereinafter explained. H is the retaining-box, which receives the cap-iron D, and has ways i i, on which the projections e e of the cap-iron slide, while the projection or lip f of said cap-iron slides on the interior of the box, Fig. 4. This box H is pivoted to the plane-stock at k, and has a clamping-screw, m, for the purpose of bracing the cap and bit irons together, and against the rear, a, of the throat of the plane-stock.

To arrange my plane for operation, I place the bit C in the throat a of the plane-stock. I next set the cap-iron D within the box H and insert the adjusting and clamp screws in their places, and I place the box so equipped in the throat of the plane. I now pass the pivot k through the throat of the plane, and through the box H; and for adjustment of the cap-iron in relation to the bit-iron in a longitudinal or transverse direction I simply turn the screws g g, or either of them, (as the case may be,) back or forth, and when so adjusted hold the cap-iron D in position by the screw g’, abutting against the lip f of the cap-iron, and I next clamp the whole together by means of the screw m, when my improved plane is ready for operation.

It will be seen from the above that by means of the pivot k and clamping-screw m the box H, cap-iron D, and bit-iron C are braced firmly together and against the plane-stock, equally distributing the pressure over the surface of the part a of the throat of the plane: Furthermore, by this arrangement the box H closely tits the throat of the plane laterally, the movements of the cap-iron being pertormed within the box; besides, the box can be brought near the mouth of the plane, thereby giving strength and stability to the cutting-irons, and at the same time easy exit to the shavings, for the reason that I dispense with the prize fork or carrier F, used in the subject of a patent granted me on the 29th day of May, A. D. 1866, and on which I consider my present invention an improvement, inasmuch as the swell on the box E, for reception of the prize-fork, prevented the approach of the box toward the mouth of the plane or end of the cutting-irons, rendering the said irons partially unstable, while it also prevented the easy exit of the shavings, or rather tended to choke the throat of the plane; and, besides this, the said box E was slotted for reception of the joint-pin G, and did not fill the throat of the plane laterally, as provision had to be made for the lateral movements of the cap-iron, and both the box and prize-fork were slid together, while in my present improvement the box H is stationary, while the cap-iron D slides transversely and longitudinally on the ways of the box; and thus I produce an improvement on my former plane, which can be manufactured for two-thirds of its cost.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patents, is —

The arrangement of the stationary box H, pivoted to the plane-stock, and fitting closely the the throat thereof laterally, in combination with the cap-iron D, which is moved and adjusted beneath the said box, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my signature this 21st day of August, A. D 1867.

GEORG MÜLLER

Witnesses:
FRANZ BERNET;
A. NEILL.

No. 96,052 – Improvement In Plane (E.G. Storke) (1869)

[paiddownloads id=”153″]96052

United States Patent Office.

E. G. STORKE, OF AUBURN, NEW YORK.

Letters Patent No. 96,052, dated October 19, 1869.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN PLANE.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, E. G. STORKE, of Auburn, in the county of Cayuga, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Method of Preventing the Adhesion to the Wood, of the Faces of Metallic Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawing, marked “A,” making part of this specification, in which is represented the face of a metallic plane, fluted, grooved, or channelled, according to the plan of my invention.

Those flutes, grooves, or channels, may be more or less in number, and cut to a greater or less depth, provided the object be thereby attained of relieving all extra and unnecessary friction.

The object, however, is fully attained by making them about one thirty-second of an inch deep, one sixteenth of an inch broad, and one eighth of an inch asunder.

Fully one-half of the bearing-surface of the face of the plane may be thus removed, and thus to that extent diminish the points of contact, and the consequent friction, and, at the same time, preserve the full perfection of the working-face of the plane, including its throat.

It has long been known to mechanics that metallic planes have adhered to the wood much closer than wooden planes, and therefore required much more power to operate them.

This excessive friction was caused by their exact and even faces, which were not materially varied by use or atmospheric changes.

When used on very level surfaces, there were so many points of contact that the friction was troublesome, and the adhesion was further increased by atmospheric pressure, as partial vacuums would thus be formed.

The practical effect of this has been to prevent, in a large degree, the introduction and general use of metallic planes.

The object of my invention is twofold, namely, to remove about one-half of the surface of the face of the plane, so that there shall be fewer points of contact, and to form free air-channels, so that no vacuums can be formed, or any trouble arise from atmospheric pressure, however perfect the plane or true the surface on which it is moved.

I effect these two objects by fluting, grooving, or channelling the faces of metallic bench or other planes for wood-workers, as above specified, parallel to their length, or in some equivalent way.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

A metallic plane, having the face grooved in lines parallel to the sides, in the manner and for the purpose specified.

E. G. STORKE.

Witnesses:
U. L. STORKE,
T. B. BARBER.

No. 91,990 – Improvement In Wood-Plane (Paul Viccellio) (1869)

[paiddownloads id=”152″]91990

United States Patent Office.

PAUL VICCELLIO, OF NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA.

Letters Patent No. 91,990, dated June 29, 1869.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN WOOD-PLANE.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PAUL VICCELLIO, of the city of New Orleans, in the State of Louisiana, have invented new and valuable Improvements in Wood-Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof; reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

The object of this invention is to so construct aplane that the cap may be nicely adjusted upon the plane-bit, without regard to the distance that said bit may project beyond or below the face of the plane; and lt consists of the sliding adjustable, and perpendicular cap, as applied to and adjusted upon the plane bit.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the plane;
Figure 2 is a top view ofthe plane;
Figure 3 is a perspective view of the cap and its attachments for operating it; and
Figure 4 is a back view of same.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will describe its construction and operation.

A represents the wood or stock of a common smooth plane.

b is the holding-wedge to plane-bit c. The plane-bit c is set at an acute angle to the face of the plane, in order to secure an easy cut by the bit.

B represents the throat of the plane, with the rear or back side perpendicular, as seen in fig. 1.

Into the wood of the plane, on its top, is a metal plate, a’, sunk flush with the wood, and held in its place by screws e’, through holes e in plate a.

The front edge of plate a’ is recessed nearly its whole length, or so as to receive cap a in grooves that are cut therein, as seen in figs. 2 and 3, and in said grooves the cap a can freely slide.

Upon the back side of cap a is a lug-nut, a”, having a female screw-thread therein.

There is a thumb-screw D, having collars d and d’, upon each side of plate a’, so that it is securely held in its position, and upon the lower end is out a screw-thread which enters into lug-nut a”, and by turning the thumb-screw, the cap a is raised or depressed, as may be desired.

Cap a is acutely bevelled on its rear lower edge, so as to present a sharp edge upon the plane-bit c, as seen in fig. 1, and it can readily be seen that by depressing the cap by means of screw D, the most delicate adjustment of the cap upon the plane-bit can be obtained. The bit c can be taken out of the stock A, by releasing wedge b, which, in order to hold the bit firmly in position tbr cap a to act upon, is put in the rear side of said bit c, and is just as effective in holding, adjusting, or releasing the bit, as if it was placed betore it.

By placing the cap a in a perpendicular, and the bit at an acute angle with the face of the plane, the shaving is easily severed from the wood, and the cap a crimps the sharing, and insures a clear smooth out upon the wood, however cross-grained or knotty the wood may be. At the same time the cap is straight on its face, causing only a single bend of the shaving to follow up the face of the cup through the throat and out ot’ the plane, without, in the least, clogging or crimping.

The parts are all simple and cheap in construction and operation, less liable to get out of order by reason of the fewer parts, and making, as a whole, a plane of less cost, more effective and satisfactory in its use, and less trouble to manage while so in use.

I am aware that there are many devices for adjusting plane-bits in the stock, as well as many for adjusting the cap upon the bit.

I am also aware of the plane described in Patent No. 50,378, where the cap is adjusted by means of a set-screw upon the plane-bit.

None of the devices therein described do I claim, as the construction of that plane is more expensive, has more parts, thus increasing the liability to get out of repair, and so constructed that the shaving has to go through a secondary bend to be successfully discharged from the plane.

My improvement can be applied to all kinds of planes, such as jack or fore-planes, and jointers, as well as smooth-planes.

Having thus described my invention,

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The above-described plane, when composed of the combination of the bit c, wedge b, cap a, and its adjusting-devices, with the stock A, all constructed to operate in the manner and tbr the purpose substantially as described.

PAUL VICCELLIO.

Witnesses:
WM. MANTEY,
F. LURGES.

No. 107,765 – Improvement In Splint-Planes (Philander N. Drake And David Drummond) (1870)

[paiddownloads id=”160″]107765

United States Patent Office.

PHILANDER N. DRAKE AND DAVID DRUMMOND, OF MCGREGOR, IOWA.

Letters Patent No. 107,765, dated September 27, 1870.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN SPLINT-PLANES.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, PHILANDER N. DRAKE and DAVID DRUMMOND, of McGregor, in the county of Clayton and in the State of Iowa, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Splint-Plane or Slat-Cutter; and do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawing and to the letters of reference marked thereon, making a part of this specification.

Our invention relates to that kind of planes used in cutting thin strips or slats for rustic shades, and other purposes, and consists —

First, in placing the cutter under the bottom of the plane, level with the edge of the board from which the strips or slats are to be cut;

Second, in the construction of the mechanism for holding the cutter in its place; and

Third, in the construction of the mechanism for regulating the thickness of the strips or slats to be cut.

In order to enable others skilled in the art to which our invention appertains to make and use the same, we will now proceed to describe its construction and operation, referring to the annexed drawing, in which —

Figure 1 is a side view, part in section, of our plane;
Figure 2 is a transverse vertical section; and
Figure 3, a bottom view of the same.
Figure 4 shows the end of the cutter, with the channel-plates in the plane.

A represents the body of our plane provided with a handle, B.

Along one side of the body A is secured a bar, C, projecting below the plane a suitable distance to form a guard or guide for the tool.

Between the under side of the plane A and the bar C is formed a groove, in which the inner edge of the cutter D is inserted, said cutter being laid level under the lower side, or against the lower side of the plane A.

The cutting-tool D is held by means of a stirrup, E, constructed as shown in fig. 2, and passed up through the plane A, with a screw-shank at its upper end, which projects above the plane.

On this screw-shank is placed a thumb-nut, G, by means of which the stirrup is raised so as to firmly bind the cutting-tool. The pitch of the cutting-edge of said tool is regulated by means of two inclined screws, I I, passing through the plane A and bearing against the upper surface of the cutter, one on each side in front of the stirrup E.

The tool-bit being on a level with the edge of the board, it splits with less liability to break the fiber on the back of the slat. When it is to be taken out to sharpen, it can be put back to its place accurately and cut all the work of uniform thickness.

The two screws, I I, forcing the cutting-edge of the cutter to the desired position for uniform thickness, may, of course, remain in the same position for any length of time without change, even though the cutter is taken out and replaced again.

In the channel on the under side of the plane A, between it and the cutter D, are placed three channel-plates, a, b, and d, the relative positions of which are plainly indicated in fig. 4. The object of these plates is to further enable us to vary the thickness, if we desire to do so.

The back or upper side ofthese plates may be provided with inclines to enable them to be pushed forward or back.

The middle plate d is made so that it can readily be taken out and another of different size substituted.

Having thus fully described our invention,

What we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The combination, with the stock A, of the flat-laid tool D, channel-plates a b d, stirrnp E, nut G, and screws I I, all constructed to operate substantially as set forth.

In testimony that we claim the foregoing, we have hereunto set our hand and seals this 26th day of March 1870.

PHILANDER N. DRAKE. [L. S.] DAVID DRUMMOND. [L. S.]

Witnesses:
A. J. JORDAN,
ORLANDO McCRAREY.

No. 105,869 – Improvement In Carpenters’ Planes (Charles E. Tucker) (1870)

[paiddownloads id=”169″]105869

United States Patent Office.

CHARLES E. TUCKER, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO
HIMSELF AND T. L. APPLETON, OF SAME PLACE.

Letters Patent No. 105,869, dated July 26, 1870
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN CARPENTERS’ PLANES.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES E. TUCKER, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carpenters’ Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof reference being had to the accompanying drawing and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its nature, construction, and use.

The nature of my invention consists in the construction and arrangement of the parts composing my invention, as will he hereinafter fully described and set forth.

Drawing.

Figure 1 represents a perspective view of my invention.
Figure 2 is a plan, showing the under side of the plane.
Figure 3 is a cross-section of the plane.

General Description.

The body of my plane consists, essentially, of two parts, C and C’, each of which parts have a downwardly projecting flange, H and H’; these two flanges together constitute the fence, and, being connected with the parts C C’, are adjustable in relation to each other.

This adjustment is effected by loosening the screws E and E’, fig. 1, which will allow the part C, to which the flange H is attached, to he moved, so that the flange H may be in contact with the flange H’, as shown in fig. 1, or may be at a distance from it, as shown in figs. 2 and 3.

The width of groove to be cut will depend upon the distance that the flanges H and H’ are from each other, and, as the flanges are adjustable, it will be seen that, with this plane, a groove of any width may he cut.

A and A’ are plane-irons attached to the parts B and B’ by set-screws S and S, as shown.

If desirable, a single iron may be used to take the place of the two irons A and A.

When a single iron is used it must be changed for each adjustment of the flanges H and H’, that is, for each width of groove required.

Each part of the plane is provided with a marker, one of which is shown at M, arranged as in an ordinary grooving-plane.

I am aware of the patent granted to T. Duvall, March 23, 1869, and therefore do not claim the features of his device.

Claim.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is —

The parts C C’, flanges H H’, set~screws E E’, parts B B’, and planing-knives A A’, when constructed and arranged substantially as shown and described.

CHARLES E. TUCKER.

Witnesses:
FRANK G. PARKER,
E. A. NICKERSON.

No. 86,851 – Improvement In Moulding-Plane (A.W. Maxwell) (1869)

[paiddownloads id=”149″]86851

United States Patent Office.

A. W. MAXWELL, OF MILTON, PENNSYLVANIA.

Letters Patent No. 86,851, dated February 9, 1869.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN MOULDING-PLANE.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same..

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, A. W. MAXWELL, of the borough of Milton, county of Northumberland, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful tool for moulding Wood, which I call “A Reversible Hand Moulding-Plane;” and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 is a view representing the bottom of the plane, and
Figure 2, the top.
Letter a represents the convex centrabearing.
b, the knife-end of the bit.
c, the screws by which the bit is fastened to the body of the plane.
d, the openings in the bit, through which the screws pass, by which the bit is fastened, and by which, when unfastened, the bit may slide up or down.
e, the bit.
f, the handles of the plane.
g, the throat, partially seen, of the plane, through which the shavings of the wood pass.

The bottom of the plane is convex, the degree of convexity being greater or less, in different planes, to suit the nature of the work expected to be done.

The “centre-bearing ” a, enables the workman to reverse the plane when he desires, as, for instance, to avoid planing against the grain of the wood, or to make a smooth finish at the end of the material; and consists of a convex ridge, or bearing, running transversely across the middle of the plane, dividing the bite longitudinally into two equal parts, the knives of both of which sections, the plane being reversed, make exactly the same impressions upon the wood.

The bit e is a double bit, the one half of which is the reversed duplicate of the other, and is fastened to the body of the plane by the screws c running through the openings d, so as to allow the bit e to be moved or adjusted at pleasure.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The moulding-tool herein shown and described, when all the parts are constructed and arranged to operate as represented, and for the purpose set forth.

A. W. MAXWELL.

Witnesses:
FRANKLIN BOUND,
M. YOENT.

No. 88,109 – Improvement In Plane-Guide (John Woodville) (1869)

[paiddownloads id=”150″]88109

United States Patent Office.

JOHN WOODVILLE, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

Letters Patent No. 88,109, dated March 23, 1869.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN PLANE-GUIDE.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN WOODVILLE, of Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton, and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Plane-Guide and Holder; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 represents a back-side elevation of my improved apparatus;
Figure 2 represents afront-side elevation, with a part broken away; and
Figure 3 represents a transverse section taken on the line x x of fig. 1.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts.

The object of this invention is to provide an adjustable holder, or clamp, for holding strips, for dressing them, and which will also serve as a guide for straightening or tapering them. It is designed more particularly to be used with the improved joiners’ plane, patented to me, November 6, 1866.

It consists of a holding-strip, or board, which is designed to be secured to a bench, with one edge upward, and which is provided with an adjustable gauge upon one side, against which the strips to be planed are clamped, by buttons and wedges on the other side of the first-mentioned holding-strip.

A represents the holding-strip, which may be secured to a bench, or in a vise, in any suitable manner, with the edge B upward.

C represents a guide and clamping-strip, which is provided with the T-headed inclined grooves D, whereby it is clamped to the strip A, by the bolts E and thumb-nuts E’; the heads F of the said bolts being arranged loosely thereon, and sliding in the wide part of the grooves D.

The holes through the strips A are elongated, and provided with the hollow bolts I, having enlarged heads arranged in the recesses H. The bolts E pass through these hollow bolts, and the office of the latter is to serve as rigid supports for the former when adjusted to the light position, and screwed up tightly by the nuts I’.

K represents clamping-buttons adjustably connected to the front face of the strip A, by the long bolts L; and

M represents wedges pivoted to the face of the strip A, in a position to be conveniently adjusted under the inclined ends of the buttons, for clamping them against the stuff to be operated upon.

The operation is as follows:

When it is designed to dress a strip with parallel and square edges, the guiding-strip C, which is provided with one edge a, and one bevelled edge b, is adjusted to the strip A, with the square edge a as high above the strip A as the designed width of the strip to be dressed the edge a being in a horizontal plane parallel with the edge of the strip A when it is clamped tight thereto by the bolts E and thumb-nuts E’.

The strip to be dressed is then placed upon the upper edge of the strip A, and clamped between the guide C and the buttons K.

The plane, which, according to the improvements patented to me as above described, is provided with an adjustable guide, d, is then placed upon the strips to be dressed, and held by the said guide, so that the edge e of the stock will project over the guide C sufficiently to arrest the cutting-action of the plane when the strip has been worked down to the point coincident with the edge of the guide C.

Any number of strips may thus be dressed to the same gauge with great uniformity, while at the same time the edges will be exactly square, if the plane-guide be adjusted to that angle.

If it is desired to dress the strips with bevelled edges, the bevelled edge b, of the guide G, is placed upward, as represented in blue lines, at b’; and if it be desired to produce tapered strips, the guide C may be adjusted to produce any taper, by loosening the bolts E and I, so as to allow the plates I to move in the recesses H, to correspond with the varying distances caused between the points of contact with the grooves D, of the heads of the bolts E, by changing the horizontal plane of the guide C.

In dressing thin strips, two or any other number, not wider in the aggregate than the plane-bit, may be clamped together, and dressed at once.

In dressing strips in this manner, in my improved guide and holder, with my improved planes, I have found it very desirable to provide the jack, or roughing-plane with an adjustable gauging-strip, f, as shown in red in fig. 3, for the purpose of arresting the cutting-action of the plane-bit, the amount of a few shavings, before the strips are brought down to a level with the upper edge of the guide C, so that the roughing-plane may be removed in time to finish the work by the jointer, which I provide with a similar guide, d, but not with the guide f

The latter may be adjustably connected to the stock, so that, as the latter wears away, it may be adjusted thereon.

I am aware that clamps have already been arranged upon carpenters’ benches in such a rnanner as to be adjustable for cutting different widths of boards with square or bevelled edges.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

1. The combination of the clamping-bolts E and the sliding bolts I, with the supporting-strip A and grooved strip C, whereby said strips are held together, for dressing a board with either parallel or tapering sides, substantially as herein shown and described.

2. The combination, with the strips A and G, of the adjustable buttons K and pivoted wedges M, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

JOHN WOODVILLE.

Witnesses:
FRANK BLOCKLEY,
ALEX. F. ROBERTS.

No. 97,833 – Improvement In Tool For Cabinet-Makers (Richard W. Tanner) (1869)

[paiddownloads id=”158″]97833

United States Patent Office.

RICHARD W. TANNER, OF ALBANY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF
AND SAMUEL J. DAVENPORT, OF SAME PLACE.

Letters Patent No. 97,833, dated November 14, 1869; antedated December 11, 1869.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN TOOL FOR CABINET-MAKERS.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RICHARD W. TANNER, of the city and county of Albany, State of New York, have invented a new and useful Tool for Cabinet-Makers, and other workers of veneer; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 represents a perspective view of the invention.
Figure 2 is a vertical view of the same.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal section, through red line, in fig.2.
Figure 4 is a cross-section.
Figure 5 is a view of a modification of the form of the face-block.
Figures 6 and 7 are modifications, shown by end sections, of the said face-block.
Figure 8 represents the face-block with a plane-iron suited to this tool.

The nature of my invention consists in a tool-holder and a face-block properly secured together, and so arranged as to receive and hold a scraper or tooth-plane iron, or a straight plane-iron, or any other similar edge tool, by which the workmen plane, tooth, or scrape even the surface of the veneer.

There are many kinds of woods difficult to even on account of the waving or curling nature of the grain of the fibre. By this tool, any and all kinds of wood veneer may be evened and smoothed, with less labor and trouble, than with the hand-held tools now used.

The tool-holder may he constructed of wood or metal, and consists of a bar about a foot long, fur-
nished with a handle on each end, and is furnished with a holding-bar, pivoted to two eye-bolts, furnished with screws and set-nuts, also with a set-bolt, all of which are arranged and connected with the handled har, so as to fix and hold the scraper, plane-iron, or other similar tool, in any required position.

The face-block is secured to the said tool-holder by proper bolts or screws, and is provided with a mouth to permit the passage of the shavings from the wood, as it is being cut from off its surface.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe it in reference to the drawings, and the letters of reference marked thereon, the same letters indicating similar parts.

One part of my invention consists in the tool-holder, constructed of the double-handled bar A, figs. 1, 2, and 3, and the tool-bar a, pivoted at each end, as shown in fig. 4, to the two eye-bolts e e, figs. 1 and 2.

The said eye-bolts e e pass through the handle-bar A, from the front to the rear, and are provided with thumb-nuts, by which the said tool-bar may be drawn nearer to the handled bar or further from it.

A screw-bolt, c, also works irorn the back ofthe handled bar A, and into it, and through to the tool-bar a, as shown in figs. 1, 2, and 3.

The scraper S, figs. 1 and 2, or plane-iron S’, fig. 8, is placed against the back of the tool-bar a, fig. 3, and between the handled bar A and the said tool-bar, and when thus placed, the said tool S or S’ is secured in its place, at any angle desired, by means of the said set-bolt c and eye-bolts e e.

The other part of my invention consists in the face-block B, shown in iigs. 1, 2. and 3.

The said face-block may be made of wood or metal, and is furnished with a mouth, b, the same as a plane, and may be either straight on its lower face, as in fig. 3, or concave, as in fig. 5, or the reverse, to fit the surface the tool is intended to operate upon, or they may be made either straight, or concave, or convex, longitudinally, as referred to, with moulding forms similar to those shown in figs. 6 and 7, or any other form, as may be required.

The said face-block is secured to the double-handled bar A., figs. 1, 2, and 3, by means of the screws o o, or their equivalents.

A plain flat face-block may be used, as shown in figs. 1 and 3, to which supplementary blocks B’ may be secured, as shown in figs. 5, 6, and 7, and when thus furnished in sets, together with the straps or plane-irons to correspond, the workman will have a tool which will enable him to perform and finish his work with greater ease and facility than can be done with the means they now have.

When a plane-iron, S’, is to be used, as in fig. 8, I would prefer to have the cutting-edge curved forward, as shown.

Having described my invention, What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Pat~
ent, is —

The tool~holder, consisting of the block B, double-handled bar A, tool-bar a, eye-bolts e e, with their thumb-nuts, and the screw-bolt c, all arranged and constructed to operate as described, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

RICHARD W. TANNER.

Witnesses:
ALEX. SELKIRK,
J. A. BUCKBEE, Jr.

No. 60,265 – Improvement In Mitre Planes (John Sawyer) (1866)

[paiddownloads id=”121″]60265

United States Patent Office.

IMPROVEMENT IN MITRE PLANES.
_________________

JOHN SAWYER, OF MORAVIA, NEW YORK.

Letters Patent No. 60,265, dated December 4, 1866.

_________________

SPECIFICATION.

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, JOHN SAWYER, of Moravia, in the county of Cayuga, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Plane; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this speciication, in which —

Figure 1 is a top view of my improved plane and guide-plate, part being broken away to show the construction.

Figure 2 is an end view of the same.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts.

My invention has for its object to furnish an improved apparatus by means of which the ends of mouldings may be out at any desired bevel so as to make a close joint; and it consists, first, in the plane, constructed and arranged as hereinafter more fully described; and, second, in the adjustable guide-plate, in combination with the plane, said guide-plate being constructed and arranged as hereinafter more fully described.

A is the plane, which is furnished with two plane-irons, a1 and a2, placed, one in each end of the plane and inclined in opposite directions, as shown in fig. 1. The cutting edges of these plane-irons, a1 and a2, project at the side of the plane, instead of projecting at the bottom, in the usual manner. The plane-irons a1 and a2 are set in grooves in the body of the plane, and are secured in place by wooden wedges, a3 and a4, in the ordinary way, a space being formed in front of said irons and wedges for the escape of the shavings. The handle, a5, is attached to the central part of the upper side, as shown in fig. 1, and should be of such a form that the plane may be conveniently worked in either direction. B is the guide-plate, in connection with which the plane is used. The face of the plate B is grooved longitudinally near one edge, with a shallow groove of such a size that the lower face or side of the plane, A, may accurately fit into it, as shown in fig. 2, so that it may move in a direct line when operated. The depth of this groove should be such that the upper surface of the plate B may be in a line with the lower corner of the plane-irons, as shown in ig. 2. C are the guide-bars, against which the mouldings are held while being operated upon. These guide-bars, C, are pivoted at their inner ends to the plate B, and they are clamped at any angle to give any desired bevel to the ends ofthe moulding by the screws D and thumb-nuts E. The screws D pass through slots formed in the plate B, their heads fitting into a channel formed on the under side of said plate.

I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

The grooved and slotted plate B and pivoted guide-bars C, when used in combination with the plane A, having its iron, a1 a2, inclined in opposite directions, substantially as described for the purpose specified.

JOHN SAWYER.

Witnesses:
E. E. BROWN,
O. R. VAN ETTEN.

No. 64,001 – Improvement In Plane Irons (William H. Eckert) (1867)

[paiddownloads id=”123″]64001

United States Patent Office.

WILLIAM H. ECKERT, OF SYRACUSE, NEW YORK.

Letters Patent No. 64,001, dated April 23, 1867.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN PLANE IRONS.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM HENRY ECKERT, of the city of Syracuse, Onondaga county, New York, have invented a new and improved Plane; and I do hereby deciare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification.

The letters used represent corresponding parts wherever they occur.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe the same, and its form when complete and ready for use.

Figure 1 represents a perspective view of the plane irons when put together.

Figure 2 represents the cap.

Figure 3 represents a cross sectional view of both the plane irons, with the nut and screw.

In the common form of plane irons the screw is made to pass directly into the cap, for the purpose of holding the two irons together. This form of construction involves the necessity of unscrewing the cap when-ever the irons are separated for sharpening, or any other purpose of separation. The object of my invention is to dispense with this necessity and enable the irons to separate by simple handling.

I make the cutting iron A in all respects in the common form, with an elongated slot, a, for the movement of the screw s, and with a circular aperture, o, for the screw-head to pass through. Instead of inserting the screw in the cap, I make the nut n, which may be in any convenient form, square, oblong, circular, or other-wise; but I consider the oblong form the best, because best calculated to bold the cap straight with the cutting iron. In the cap C I make the slot or opening h, into which the nut n is made to fit, and it should be so made as to receive the nut with a snug joint. By this means the cap C, which in other respects is made in the common form, is readily adjusted by means of the screw and the irons, separated by slipping the cap C off from the nut n.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The nut n, in combination with the planing iron A, the screw s, and the cap C, made and operated substantially as and for the purposes described.

I also claim the slot h in the cap C, when made to it upon the nut n, and applied to planing irons, substantially as described.

WM. H. ECKERT.

Witnesses:
N. B. SMITH,
G. W. SMITH.

No. 81,425 – Improvement In Planes (F. Smith And I. Carpenter) (1868)

[paiddownloads id=”141″]81425

United States Patent Office.

F. SMITH AND I. CARPENTER, OF LANCASTER, PENNSYLVANIA.

Letters Patent No. 81,425, dated August 25, 1868.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN PLANES.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that we, F. SMITH and I. CARPENTER, of Lancaster, in the county of Lancaster, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Joiners’ Planes; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable those skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification.

The nature of our invention relates to improvements in joiners’ planes, whereby it is designed to render the stocks less liable to warp, to regulate the weight of the same, to provide for a more perfect delivery of the shaving, adjusting the some to be used as a single or a double plane, and adjusting the mouth, so as to govern the width of the same for the passage of the shaving.

And it consists in constructing the stock partly of iron, substituting, for the tapered notches of wooden stocks for holding the tightening-wedges, set-screws for holding the wedge, which is made of metal, and provided with an additional tightening-screw in its upper end, which works against the face ofthe plane-bit, or into a swivel-nut which slides in the slots of plane-bits, as ordinarily constructed, and providing a wooden wedge at the back side ofthe plane-bit, as will be more fully described on reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein —

Figure 1 represents a plan view of our improved plane.
Figure 2, a central section ofthe same on the line x x of fig. 1.
Figure 3, a plan view of a part of our improvement applied to plane-bits, having the ordinary slot in the same; and
Figure 4 a section on the line y y of fig. 3.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

A represents the wood part of the stock, and B the iron portion of the same, which are secured together by the screws d d.

The part B may-be made of cast iron, and of different thicknesses, as may be desired to govern the weight of the plane.

The handle and knob may be secured to the part B in suitable sockets provided for them by the screws d d.

The part B is provided with lugs, a1 a1, through which set-screws, a2 a2, are arranged to hold the cap.

C represents a metal cap or wedge, provided with a set-screw, b, by which it may be, if desired, raised at its upper end from the bit D.

The said cap is provided with a raised portion, C’, in advance of the set-screw b, which rises by a gentle curve from the wedge portion of the same, so as to prevent the shavings from clogging against the screw.

When a plane-bit is used without a slot, as in figs. 1 and 2, we use a set-screw arranged as therein shown, but to adapt our improved tightening-wedge to plane-bits of the old construction, having the slot for set-screws as ordinarily constructed, we attach, to the ends of the set-screws, swivel-nuts, e, having slots in two edges of the same, which admit it to slide within the slot in the plane-bit, by taking the edges of the bit forming the side walls of the slot in the latter into the slots in the nut, the nut being of the proper size to be admitted through the enlarged portion of the slot in the plane-bit.

E represents a wedge, which may be made of wood or metal, and arranged in the bottom of the mouth of the stock under the plane-bit, and held there by the set-screw e1 passing through a slot in the said wedge, whereby it may be adjusted within the mouth ofthe stock.

The face of the wedge next the plane-bit is provided with a recess, e2, to admit the nut e of the set-screw.

The under side of the upper end of the metallic wedge C is provided with a recess, f, (see fig. 4,) when the nut e is used.

By the use of our improved wedge, the same plane-bit may be used for a double or single bit.

When used as a single bit, it may be applied as shown in fig. 2, and when used as a double bit, the set-screws a2 may be withdrawn, so that the wedge may be moved down sufficiently near to the edge of the bit to serve the purpose of a double bit.

By adjusting the upper end of the wedge by a set-screw, b, the width of the mouth may be adjusted to suit the different requirements of different kinds of work, or of different kinds of wood, or may be made of uniform width from bottom to top.

The same may be also adjusted by the wedge E to some extent, but the more important function of the wedge E is to govern the width of the throat at the cutting-edge of the bit, as at k, as will be readily understood.

In adjusting the wedge to the bit, when constructed as shown in figs. 3 and 4, the lower end of the wedge is placed at the right position with reference to the cutting-edge of the bit, and the thumb-screw turned to the left until the upper end of the wedge is screwed tightly to the bit. They are then inserted in the stock, the set-screws a2 adjusted to their right positions, when the set-screw b is turned in the opposite direction, and the wedge forced out against the set-screws a2.

The metallic part, B, of our stock may be taken off from a worn-out wood stock, and readily applied to a new one, or old plane-stocks of ordinary construction may be readily fitted to be attached to it.

We claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

1. The adjustable cap, provided with the guard in front of the set-screw b, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. The set-screws a2 in the lugs a1, arranged to clamp upon the adjustable wedge C, as herein shown and described for the purpose specified.

F. SMITH,
I. CARPENTER.

Witnesses:
P. G. EBERMAN,
F. R. GRUGER.

No. 81,335 – Improvement In Planes (George Buckel) (1868)

[paiddownloads id=”140″]81335

United States Patent Office.

GEORGE BUCKEL, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

Letters Patent No. 81,335, dated August 25, 1868
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN PLANES.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, GEORGE BUCKEL, of Detroit, in the county of Wayne, and State of Michigan, have invented a new and improved Plane; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable those skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification.

The object of this invention is to provide a plane so arranged that the out may be regulated either in a positive manner or by the pressure of the hand, and that the bit may be raised out of contact with the board being operated on when it is being moved back.

It consists in making the stock in two parts, one part, which supports the bit, being pivoted at the rear end in a longitudinal channel through the other, and provided with a spring and adjusting-screw at the other end, the springs being so arranged as to throw the bit out of contact with the board when the pressure of the hand is removed, and the set-screw governs the amount of such movement.

Figure 1 represents a longitudinal sectional elevation of my improved plane, and
Figure 2 represents a transverse section on the line x x of fig. 1.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

A represents one part of the stock, which is provided with a deep and wide channel in the upper portion from end to end, as clearly shown in fig. 2, and with an opening through the bottom for the plane-bit, as shown at B.

C represents the other part of the stock, which is fitted to the channel in the part A, and pivoted thereto at the rear end, as shown at D.

It is provided with the usual opening for the plane-bit and wedge, and for the escape of the shavings, and at the front end with a spring, E, in a recess in the under face of the same. The said spring bears upon the bottom of the channel, and has a constant tendency to raise the part C away from the said bottom of the channel.

F represents a set-screw, which screws into a nut in the bottom of the channel in the part A, and arrests the upward movement of the part C, due to the action of the spring. The said screw may be adjusted to regulate the said movement of the part C, as desired.

The plane-bit being set by the wedge in the part C as desired, the operator, in using the plane, may, on shoving it forward, so press down the front end of the part C as to cause the bit to take the full cut for which it is set, or, by a lighter pressure, take but a part of the said cut, and when the cut has been made, and the pressure necessary for making the same is relaxed, the spring will throw the part C up so as to take the edge of the bit out of contact with the surface being planed while the plane is being drawn back, thereby protecting the edge from being worn round from that cause.

I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

A plane-stock, constructed of the parts A and C, pivoted together, and provided with a spring, E, and set-screw, F, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

The above specification of my invention signed by me, this eighth day of July, 1868.

GEORGE BUCKEL.

Witnesses:
JOSEPH KUHN,
CHARLES STARKLOFF.

No. 80,917 – Improvement In Coopers’ Croze (Charles O. Cook) (1868)

[paiddownloads id=”139″]80917

United States Patent Office.

CHARLES O. COOK, OF ROCKFORD, ILLINOIS, ASIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND R. R. BLAISDELL.

Letters Patent No. 80,917, dated August 11, 1868.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN COOPERS’ CROZE.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, CHARLES O. COOK, of Rockford, in the county of Winnebago, and State of Illinois, have invented a new and improved Coopers’ Croze; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

This invention relates to certain improvements in coopers’ croze, and consists in a simple construction of the cutting-iron, whereby it is readily attached to and detached from the adjusting-screw when desired, and yet is securely held when in use, as will be described hereinafter.

Figure 1 represents a plan view of my invention, and
Figures 2, 3, and 4 represent views of parts detached.

In the drawings —

A represents the main part of the instrurncnt, the outer edge of which is curved, to dt the inside of a barrel, and is V-shaped, as shown.

a represents a socket or groove running diagonally across it, in which iits the upper part of the cutting-iron B, which latter is made of proper form to slide easily therein.

b represents an arm extending from the upper end of the cutting-iron B, as shown, upon which is placed the shoulder b1.

b2 represents a flat spring fastened to the lower side of the iron, and extending out in line with shoulder b1.

By this arrangement a socket is made in which rests the button of screw C. The lower or cutting part of the instrument is made V-shaped, for the purpose of cutting the groove in the staves. If desired, this part may be made square in forrn, for the purpose of cutting a corresponding groove.

C represents a screw, the button of which its into the socket of the cutter B, as before described, and revolves freely therein.

c c represent its bearings, provided with corresponding screw-threads. By turning the screw C, the cutter is thrust forward or drawn back, as may be desired.

D represents another screw, placed above the cutter, and operated sirnilarly to C, excepting that it is not attached in any way to the cutter. A bearing-surface of different metal may be used if desired, for the cutter to slide upon, but this is not essential.

This instrument should be attached to the wooden guide, constructed as usual, by means of the lugs x x.

From this description the operation of my invention will be readily understood. The iron is easily attached to the screw by simply pushing the former forcibly against b2 and shoulder b1, in which case the spring b2 yields sufficiently to permit the head of the screw C to pass by the shoulder b1 and rest in the socket. When it is desired to detach the iron for any purpose, its free end should be pulled up from the croze (the holding-screw having been loosened) far enough to force spring b2 open, by which means the head of screw C is permitted to slip out. The cutter B is adjusted in or out, as may be desired, by means of the screw C, after which the screw D is set down upon it, by which means the cutter is rigidly held in place.

This construction allows the cutter to be quickly and easily detached, while at the same time it is firmly held when in use.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The arm b, shoulder b1, and spring b2 of cutting-iron B, when combined and operated in connection with the head of screw C, as and for the purpose described.

This specification signed and witnessed, this third day of April, 1868.

CHARLES O. COOK.

Witnesses :
OLIVER A. PENNOYER,
G. W. FORD.

No. 77,434 – Improvement In Splint-Planes (D.E. Aiken And A.A. Aiken) (1868)

[paiddownloads id=”138″]77434

United States Patent Office.

D. E. AIKEN AND A. A. AIKEN, OF ADRIAN, MICHIGAN.

Letters Patent No. 77,434, dated May 5, 1868.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN SPLINT-PLANES.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that we, D. E. AIKEN and A. A. AIKEN, of Adrian, in the county of Lenawee, and State of Michigan, have invented a new and improved Plane; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification.

The present invention relates to a new and improved plane, or machine for the cutting of slats to be used more particularly in making curtains; and the invention consists in making the throat of the cutter in the wedge, and also in the use of a spring within the throat, so constructed as to cause one slat to push another out, whereby the throat and bit are left free, and all danger of the throat becoming clogged rendered impossible.

This spring also acts to press the slat uniformly and closely up against the bit, thus leaving the slat smooth and straight, and is arranged so as to be susceptible of adjustment for thick or thin slats.
In the accompanying plate of drawings our improved plane is illustrated —

Figure 1 being a central longitudinal vertical section through the plane,
Figure 2 a plan or top view, and
Figure 3 a view of the plane at one end.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

A, in the drawings, represents the stock to the plane made upon its running-face of a right-angular shape, as shown in fig. 3 by an end view.

B, the cutter arranged in the stock A, as in ordinary planes, and there secured by driving a wedge, C, into the stock over the cutter, this wedge being cut out upon its under side to form or leave a passage or throat, D, between it and the top ofthe cutter B.

E, a bent spring secured in wedge C along its under side, with its loose end toward the opening F in the running-surface of the plane, which spring is susceptible of adjustment by means of a set-screw, G, in the wedge C, in proper position to bear therein.

Among the many advantages of our improved plane or slat-cutter may be here mentioned that for the following reasons it is superior to all others:

It is simple, cheap, and easily kept in order, runs remarkably easy, makes a superior slat, lighter, smoother, and more durable than any other, producing what is called a wafer-slat, which is more durable, for the reason that it does not cut the thread used in forming the slats into curtains.

We claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

The wedge C of the plane provided with a longitudinal groove in its under side, in which is secured one end of the spring E, whose free end is adjusted to regulate the thickness of the slat to be cut by the screw G passing through the wedge, all constructed, arranged, and operating as described for the purpose specified.

D. E. AIKEN,
A. A. AIKEN.

Witnesses:
A. M. ALLEN,
C. B. JOHNSON.

No. 74,757 – Improved Work-Trimmer For Boots And Shoes (A.V. Hill) (1868)

[paiddownloads id=”136″]74757

United States Patent Office.

A. V. HILL, OF LIMESTONE, NEW YORK.

Letters Patent No. 74,757, dated February 25, 1868; antedated February 12, 1868.
_________________

IMPROVED WORK-TRIMMER FOR BOOTS AND SHOES.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, A. V. HILL, of Limestone, in the county of Cattarangus, and State of New York, have invented a new and improved Work-Trimmer; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specfiication.

This invention relates to an improved work-trimmer used chiefly in making ladies’ boots and shoes; and consists in a blade, of trapezoidal form, having a rectangular shank, bent at right angles to the blade, inserted in a slotted head. In the accompanying drawings —

Figure 1 is a top view, and
Figure 2 an end view of my improved trimmer.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts.

A is the slotted head set in the socket in handle H. The trapezoidal blade B is provided with a rectangular shank b, bent to it at right angles, and held adjustably in the slotted head A. A small lip at c serves as a guard.

In trimming work with any ordinary trimmer, the tool has to he worked from the body By applying the guard, c between the sole and upper, and drawing to the body, the blade pares the sole and cuts the welt-edge without any risk of cutting the upper, and with very much less exertion on the part of the workman.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. The guard c, when applied to a work-trimmer, in manner and for the purposes substantially as described.

2. The blade B, fitted adjustably into a head, A, by the shank b, as herein set forth, and for the purposes substantially as described.

A. V. HILL.

Witnesses:
SHEP. L. VIBBARD,
FRANK COOK.

No. 73,723 – Improvement In Spoke-Shaves (Seth T. Hutchins) (1868)

[paiddownloads id=”135″]73723

United States Patent Office.

SETH T. HUTCHINS, OF NORTH ANSON, MAINE, ASSIGNOR TO HORACE A.
LATHROP, OF SHARON, MASSACHUSETTS.

Letters Patent No. 73,723, dated January 28, 1868.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN SPOKE-SHAVES.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

TO ALL PERSONS TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS MAY COME:

Be it known that I, SETH T. HUTCHINS, of North Anson, in the county of Somerset, and State of Maine, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Heel or Spoke-Shaves; and I do hereby declare the same to be fully described in the following specification, and represented in the accompanying drawings, of which —

Figure 1 is a. top view,
Figure 2 a bottom view, and
Figure 3 a side elevation of a spoke or heel-shave provided with my improvement.

In carrying out my invention, I not only make the adjustable throat-piece or gauge separate from two buttresses, so applied to the stock as to be capable of being moved or adjusted thereon, in order to properly adjust the throat-piece relatively to the knife or cutter, but I hinge the throat-piece to one of the said buttresses in a manner to enable the throat-piece to be turned aside or away from the knife, in order to allow the latter to be sharpened, as occasion may require; the adjusting abutments of the throat-piece remaining in the mean while undisturbed in their positions relatively to the stock. After the sharpening of the knife may have been effected, the restoration of the throat-piece to place against the abutment, away from which it was moved, can be accomplished, by simply turning the throat-piece down thereupon.

In the drawings, A denotes the stock, made in the usual form, and having two handles a a. B is the knife or cutter, fastened in or to the stock, C is the gauge, and D E its two adjustable abutments, each of the latter being held to the stock by means of a clamp-screw, b, going through a slot made in such abutment; the same being so as to enable the distance of the gauge or throat-piece C from the cutting-edge ofthe knife to be either increased or diminished, as circumstances may require. The gauge C is hinged, at or near one extremity, to the abutment E, and at its other end it bears against the other abutment, which is formed with a shoulder or bearing-surface for the gauge to rest on. This application of the gauge enables it to be moved from the abutment D into the position denoted by the dotted lines at G’ in fig. 3.

I do not claim merely applying the gauge to the stock, so as to be adjustable or capable of being adjusted nearer to or further from the knife, in order to either increase or diminish the chip-throat or passage between the knife and the gauge; but

1. I do claim the combination of the separate abutments D E, applied to the stock A, so as to be adjustable, in manner as described, with the gauge C hinged to one of such abutments, and being separate from the other, and to operate with respect to it substantially as explained.

2. I also claim the application of the gauge to its adjusting-devices, so as to be removable from them or either of them, and the knife, when the means of the adjustment of the gauge is held stationary relatively to the stock, as described.

SETH T. HUTCHINS.

Witnesses :
R. H. EDDY,
SAMUEL N. PIPER.

No. 70,894 – Improved Edge-Plane (John E. Plummer) (1867)

[paiddownloads id=”133″]70894

United States Patent Office.

JOHN E. PLUMMER, OF BINGHAMTON, NEW YORK.

Letters Patent No. 70,894, dated November 12, 1867.
_________________

IMPROVED EDGE-PLANE.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, JOHN E. PLUMMER, of Binghamton, in the county of Broome, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful improvement on Edge-Planes for trimming the edges of boots and shoes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, in which —

Figures 1 and 2 are perspective views, showing the concave and convex cutters.

Figure 3 represents the stock with the cutter-guard and throat detached.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in each figure.

The object of my improvement is to construct a “reversible-edge plane” for trimming the soles of boots and shoes, which shall possess all the qualities requisite to accomplish the object with greater facility and ease, and at the same time to require less attention to keep it in order, than those in common use.

The nature of my invention consists in arranging a cutter on each side and in the centre of a stock, with a handle at each end. One of the cutters is designed for trimming the fore part of the sole, and the other for the “shank,” or that part under the instep, thereby combining in the same tool a cutter for the front or convex edges, and another for the “shank,” or concave edges of the sole.

It also consists in the simplicity of its construction and the adaptability of its form to accomplish the object designed.

I construct the stock A and the handles of cast brass, iron, or other suitable material. In the centre of the stock, I make projections B B on each side of the handles for the cutters C C, which are held in their places by the guard-plates D D, which are grooved to correspond with those in the stock, as represented in fig. 3, letters E E. The lower ends of said guard-plates are notched to fit into the shanks of the handles. The upper ends F F project above the face of the cutters, and are chamfered to work between the sole and the “uppers” of the boot or shoe, thereby protecting the work from injury. I then drill a hole, G, through the plate and into the stock, tap it, and enter the screw, but before turning it fully down, and while the guard-plate is still slightly loose, I enter the cutter into the grooves E E, and turn up the screw, which holds it securely in position. The throat H of the plane is made of steel, bent at right angles to the face, fitted between the guard and stock-back of the cutters, and the arm into a recess, I, held in place by a screw. The hole in the arm, through which said screw passes into the stock, is slightly elongated, for the purpose of graduating the shaving of the cutter. The stock A is chamfered down under the cutter and throat for the purpose of giving clearance to the shavings. The handles of the plane are slightly curved, and connect with the stock opposite, and their upper sides nearly flush with, the face of the plane or cutter on each side, so that when trimming the concave edges of the sole under the instep the opposite handle will not interfere with the work. One of the cutters is made straight for the purpose of trimming the convex edges of the sole. The other is curved to correspond to the concave edges under the instep.

The convex or fore part of the sole requires a “finer set” of the cutter than that of the shank or concave part, consequently manufacturers often use two instruments to accomplish the object rather than be constantly changing the “set” of the tool.

I am aware that there are many other arrangements for a similar purpose, but, so far as I know, there are none involving the combinations of my improvement. I therefore disclaim all interference with others, and confine myself to the novel features of my improvement.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The construction and use of a “reversible-edge plane,” substantially as described and represented for the purpose set forth.

JOHN E. PLUMMER.

Witnesses:
A. E. ANDREWS,
JAMES FLYNN.

No. 86,741 – Improvement In Box-Scraper (William Dutton) (1869)

[paiddownloads id=”148″]86741

United States Patent Office.

WILLIAM DUTTON, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

Letters Patent No. 86,741, dated February 9, 1869.

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IMPROVEMENT IN BOX-SCRAPER.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM DUTTON, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk, and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Irnprovernent in Combined Planer and Scraper; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable those skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification.

This invention relates to a new and useful improvement in tools used for scraping and planing boxes or barrels, and for removing the marks therefrom; and the invention consists in attaching to a single stock or handle an adjustable scraper, and an adjustable “planing-iron,” as will be hereinafter more fully described.

Figure 1 represents a top view of the tool.
Figure 2 is a longitudinal side view, (in section through the line x x,) so as to show the position and method of fastening and adjusting the scraper and planer-“bits.”

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

A is a metallic stock, or shell, so formed that a planing-iron, or bit, is confined to it at about the same angle it would occupy in a joiner’s plane.
B represents the iron, or “bit,” of the plane.
C is the scraper.
D is the shank, to which a handle, of wood or other material, may be attached, or the shank may be extended, so as to form a handle itself.
E is the handle.

Both of the bits, B and C, have slot-holes, so that they can be adjusted or set, for properly operating on the wood.

They are fastened by the thumb-screw F and the screw-lever G, as seen in the drawing.

The manner of operating with the tool will be readily understood from the drawing.
I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

The stock A, adapted to receive the adjustable bits B C, all the parts being constructed and arranged as described, for the purpose specified.

WM. DUTTON.

Witnesses:
ALBERT O. NORTON,
MARTHA A. NORTON.

No. 81,879 – Improvement In Planes (Alfred H. Comp) (1868)

[paiddownloads id=”143″]81879

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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ALFRED H. COMP, OF MOUNT JOY, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN PLANES.

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Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 81,879, dated September 8, 1868.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALFRED H. COMP, of Mount Joy, in the county of Lancaster and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and Improved Device for Adjusting the Width of the Mouth in Smoothing and other Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 shows the application of my adjusting-plates to the bottom of an ordinary smoothing-plane. Fig. 2 shows the plates separated; Fig. 3. the same reversed; Fig. 4, both plates joined, showing the outer face; Fig. 5, the same, showing the inner face and rear-edge view.

The nature of my invention consists in the construction of a dovetailed plate, T-shaped, operated by a horizontal screw, and inserted flush with the wood in the bottom or face of the plane before the mouth, and so as to regulate the width or opening of the mouth at pleasure.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe the same.

Figs. 2 and 3 clearly show the two plates and appliances B B’.

The bed-plate has a central open space with beveled sides and slide-bearings, the sides of one end slotted or perforated for screws. The other end has a raised flange, E, perforated for a thumb or ordinary cut-headed screw-bearing, as also a screw-hole for attaching against the end of the plane, flush with the wood. The adjusting or sliding T-plate A fits into the space and beveled sides, and is provided with a raised flange, D, having a perforation cut with a thread for the screw C, which is held by a pin or key, K, in the outer flange E on plate B. By this screw C the adjusting-plate A is pushed out or drawn in. Both plates are smooth, and flush on the face with the wood when closed up, as shown by Fig. 4. The same in Fig. 1 is shown pushed out to narrow the mouth.

It is well known that hard and cross-grained or green wood is apt to tear in and get rough when the mouth of the plane is wide, as it should be, for dry and .soft wood, to deliver the shavings freely, and by narrowing the mouth the same plane is equally well adapted, and can be, in fact, regulated with ease, for any kind of wood.

This device can be easily affixed to ordinary planes, and requires no special construction of the throat, as in inventions such as Patent No. 14,436, (1856,) or No. 43,053, (1864,) for bench-planes, where a slotted wedge is used in the throat by means of a set-screw and the like, which differ substantially from my combined plates and screw inserted in the bottom of the plane, as set forth.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The beveled sliding plate A and beveled grooved plate B B, with their screw-bearings, when constructed to operate in the manner and for the purpose specified.

A. H. COMP.

Witnesses:
J. GERHART METZGER,
C. M. MARTIN.

No. 82,074 – Improvement In Planes (Valentin Bitsch) (1868)

[paiddownloads id=”144″]82074

United States Patent Office.

VALENTIN BITSCH, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

Letters Patent No. 82,074, dated September 15, 1868.

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IMPROVEMENT IN PLANES.

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The Schedule referred to on these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, VALENTIN BITSCH, of St. Louis, in the county of St. Louis, and State of Missouri, have made certain new and useful Improvements in Planes for working slats for Venetian window-blinds; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and clear description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

The object of this invention is to provide a plane suitable in every respect for cutting the thin, narrow strips used in the construction of Venetian window-blinds, from boards applicable to the purpose.

The plane is so constructed that both edges of the slats are bevelled off on both sides to a feather-edge, for the purpose of fitting the slats so as not to cut or rupture the cords that form the warp, when the blind is rolled up. Formerly, the edges of blind-slats for this kind of blinds were made square, and in rolling up and unrolling the blinds, the cords that formed the warp were abraded and soon ruptured across the square corners. It is to remedy these evils that the present form of plane is constructed.

To enable those skilled in the art to make and use my improved plane, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

Figure 1 of the drawings is a side elevation of one of the improved planes.
Figure 2 is an end elevation of the same.
Figure 3 is an elevation of one of the plane-bits.
Figure 4 is an elevation of the other plane-bit.

The plane-stock A is provided with a handle, A’, in the usual manner, and its section is somewhat in the form of a rabbet-plane, as is shown in fig. 2. There are two plane-bits, a a’, fixed in the stock A, as is clearly shown in fig. 1. The plane a is somewhat in advance of the plane a’, and, as is shown in fig. 3, its cutting-edge is somewhat V-shaped, the salient point of the V forming a re-entering angle directed up into the body of the plane, thus leaving the lower outside corners projecting downward in such positions as to cut off and properly bevel the two top corners of the blind-slat as it passes through the plane. The plane-bit a’ is of a loop-shape, as is shown in fig. 4, and it is intended to cut under the slat and release it from the solid board from which it is cut. This bit may be set deep enough to cut the slat of the required thickness, and it will gauge it of a perfectly uniform thickness. The exterior corners of the cutting-edge of the bit a’ should be elevated, as is shown in fig. 4, for the purpose of bevelling off the two bottom corners of the blind-slat, for the purpose already described.

Having described my invention, what I claim, is —

The combination of the bit a, having its lower cutting-edges to form a re-entering angle, with the open-shank bit a’, having its lower cutting-edges arranged with bevelled corners, acting with the plane-stock A, to form blind-slats, whose narrow edges are chamfered, substantially as set forth.

VALENTIN BITSCH.

Witnesses:
GEO. P. HERTHEL, Jr.,
J. BESCHESTOBILL.