Tag: Massachusetts

No. 112,218 – Improvement In Carpenters’ Planes (James Raymond Brown And William Brown) (1871)

[paiddownloads id=”180″]112218

United States Patent Office.

JAMES RAYMOND BROWN AND WILLIAM BROWN, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

Letters Patent No. 112,218, dated February 28, 1871.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN CARPENTERS’ PLANES.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

To all to whom these presents shall come:

Be it known that we, JAMES RAYMOND BROWN and WILLIAM BROWN, subjects of the Kingdom of Great Britain, at present residing at Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, United States of America, have made an invention of a new and useful Carpenters’ Combination Plane; and do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, due reference being had to the accompanying drawing making part of this specification, and in which —

Figure 1 is a plan;
Figures 2 and 3 are side elevations;
Figure 4, an end elevation; and
Figures 5 and 6, vertical and transverse sections of an implement embodying our improvements.

We have in the combination instrument herein expiained combined together elementary features susceptible of performing the functions for which several independent tools are now required, the advantages which we gain from such a combination being a considerable. economy in the use of space required to deposit tools of this nature, whether a carpenter’s chest in transportation or on sale in stores, or in use in a shop, and enabling a mechanic to obtain, at small comparative cost, and in a compact and efficient form, the substitutes for several classes of planes.

We have embraced in the combination about to be explained devices for rebating lumber for the manufacture of doors and for various other purposes; also devices which constitute a matching-plane for operating upon and preparing boards of various dimensions, and, finally, devices for plowing a cross-groove, the latter constituting one side of the matching-plane, and the whole operating as hereinafter explained.

The drawing accompanying this specification and illustrating our invention, represents, at A, a rebating-plane, substantially of ordinary construction, with the exception that the handle as ordinarily used is omitted, and in place thereof an upright arched standard, B, is employed, this standard being erected upon the base-plate C of the plane, and parallel to the longest axis of the same. This arched standard serves not only as a handle to operate the rebating-plane when the latter is used independent of the combination, but to some extent to serve as a support to the other members of such combination, and especially when the combined implement is not in use.

The arched standard is formed with a diagonal bar, D, sloping rearward, which serves as a bed for the “plane-iron,” which is shown at E as essentially of ordinary form, such iron being clamped to the bed by means of the bolt F, which passes through an orifice in the latter and also through along slot in the iron, the head of this bolt bearing upon the outer face of such iron, while its shank protrudes through the bed D, and immediately at the rear side of the latter is pivoted to the forward end of a cam-block, G, to the rear end of which a turn-button, H, is, in turn, pivoted, the pivot of the former being horizontal, while that of the latter is vertical.

The advance end of the block G is eccentric with its fulcrurn a, and is otherwise so arranged that upon forcing the block to a horizontal position, or there-abouts, the head of the bolt F is drawn forcibly upon the plane-iron, and serves to clamp the latter very securely to its bed, the block G being retained in this position by means of a series of saw-teeth, b b, &c., formed upon the rear limb of the arched standard B, and into one of the notches of which the turn-button H is forced.

Upon elevating the block G- its cam, c, will abut against a projecting stud, d, disposed below it and formed upon the rear side of the bed D, and will lift the bolt F and force its head from off the iron E, retaining it in such position while the iron is being removed from or applied to its place, and in this respect is a matter of great convenience to the user.

The bed-plate C of the plane A is formed with an upright lip or ledge, I, upon one side, which extends its whole length, this ledge serving as a “fence” to the matching-plane, to be hereinafter referred to, while to the under side of the said bed-plate C we apply a second fence or long right-angular plate, J, in such manner that while it is retained at all times parallel to the fence I and the longest plane of the bed-plate, it may be moved to and fro of the under side thereof in order to vary and determine the width of the rebate cut by the iron E, the addition of this fence J to the plane A converting it into a species of plane called “filister”-planes, or those in which the width of the rebate is governed at pleasure.

To enable this adjustment of the fence J to be easily and expeditiously effected, we pivot each end ot the same, by means of clamp-screws f f to the free end of a vibrating arm or carrier, g, which is applied to the upper part of the bed-plate C and pivoted to the same in immediate proximity to the ledge or fence I, the clamp-screws f f playing in segmental slots h h, cut through the plate C on a line concentric with the pivots of the arms g g.

By partially rotating the two arms g g the fence J is forced toward or away from the fence I, in a plane parallel thereto, while the screws f f, or their equivalents, serve to securely clamp such fence to the bed-plate of the plane.

The member of the combination instrument for performing the functions of plowing a cross-groove and for “matching stuff” is represented at k as composed of an upright wooden beam, L, to the rear end of which a handle, M, is applied in the ordinary manner of matching-planes.

The iron of the plane K is represented at N, and the sword of the same at O, being applied and disposed substantially as now and heretofore practiced in planes of this nature.

The “depth-gauge” of the beam L is represented in the drawing at P as applied to the under side thereof and in advance of its iron N, the relative position of this gauge or its distance from the beam being regulated by a screw, Q, which passes through the latter and is connected with it in at proper manner.

The gauge R determines the depth ofthe cut effected by the iron K, whether the latter be at work as a member of a filister-plane or in grooving the edge of a board or plank.

The scoring-knife or “spur,” which prepares the way for the knife N, is shown at R as inserted within a vertical orifice formed in the beam L, a long slot, S, being cut through the body of such spur, through which a cylindrical stud, T, passes, this stud, in turn, constituting part of a male screw, U, which is screwed into the body of the beam L, and so as to intercept such slot, the said slot T furthermore extending into a recess bored in the end of a second male screw, V, which is screwed into the beam and in axial alignment with the former, the conjoint function of the two screws U and V being to tightly clamp the spur R at any desired depth.

W in the annexed drawing represents a second “depth-gauge,” applied to the beam L in manner and relative position similar to that of the gauge P, the said gauge W serving to govern the depth of cut effected by the iron N, whether the same be employed for ordinary plowing or matching purposes, and also to govern the depth of an additional iron, which, under some circumstances, is brought into action in combination with the former, as hereinafter explained.

The member or plane K formed and equipped as last explained, is combined with the before-described rebating-plane A in a detachable manner, as follows:

A horizontal tubular support, X, is passed through the body of the beam L, and at the extreme rear upper part of the same, such support X projecting at right angles to the length of the beam and nesting in a concave bracket or shelf, Y, extending laterally from or making part of the arched standard B, hereinbefore mentioned as constituting part of the rebating-plane A, the tubular support or rod X being securely attached to the shelf Y by means of several partitubular or segmental plates k k, which partially circumscribe its periphery, and which, in conjunction with the shelf Y, inclose it, a male screw being cut about the circurnference of the conjoint sleeve thus produced, upon which screw a tubular and slightly-tapering nut, on, is screwed, and a chuck, n, acquired which tightly embraces the said support X.

While, then, the chuck n serves to firmly confine together or unite the two planes A and K, a means must be provided for adjusting the relative distance intervening between the two, as the fence I of the former performs a like function for the latter when plowing a groove in matching stuff. To accomplish this end I more the tubular support X to and fro upon the shelf Y as follows:

A tubular stud, p, is erected upon the bottom of such shelf and extends into the bore of the said support X, a long channel or slot, q, being out through the under side of the latter for reception of the stud and to permit the necessary lateral traverse of the support upon the shelf.

A long and attenuated male screw, r, is passed loosely through the bore of the support X and screws through the stud p, this screw being secured against endwise movement within the support by having a head upon each end, substantially as shown in fig. 5 of the accompanying drawing.

Revolutions of the screw p in either direction will induce traverse movements of the plane K toward or away from the plane A, the chuck n being; loosened to permit of this movement, and when the desired relative position is acquired, tightened, to insure a rigid and inseparable union of the two planes.

A second support, for aiding in the correct and stable connection of the two planes is shown at s in the drawing as a horizontal rod, projecting laterally from one side of the beam L and parallel to the tubular support X before mentioned, the rod s passing through a bearing, t, formed in the upper forward part of the arched standard B, and being conlined therein by a set-screw, as represented.

The last-remaining feature or member of the combination instrument we are describing is shown in the drawing at A’, and consists of a variable or adjustable plate, carrying a third knife or iron B’, to which brief allusion has herein before been made, the said plate serving as a sword to the plane K when the latter is engaged in matching stuff. The plate A is flat, and is applied flatwise to the outer or right side of the beam L, and is, in general form, a sector of a circular plate.

The apex of the sectoral plate A’ is swiveled to the beam L and plays upon or about a journal, w’, making part of the outer end of the rod s hereinbefore named as partially supporting the plane K, a suitable milled head or rosette, x, being affixed to the extreme outer end of said journal, by means of which the plate is clamped to the rod.

This rod s is formed with a small screw, y, which screws through the beam L; consequently rotations of said roll will compel endwise movements of the sword or plate A’ and its iron B’ toward or away from the beam L and its cutting-iron N.

The rear corner of the sword or plate A’ is pivoted and vibrates upon a lateral stud, a’, projecting from the side of the beam L, as shown in fig. 5 of the drawing. When the sword is not wanted for actual use, it is partially turned upon its pivot a’, which elevates it to a suflicient extent, and it is confined in either this or its working position by the milled head or nut x before referred to.

It sometimes becomes desirable to change the lateral position of the iron N of the matching-plane K, or to so force it inward that it shall not protrude beyond the outer face of the sword O.

The back of the said iron N is scored with two grooves, c’ d’, as shown in fig. 9 of the drawing, into one of which the adjacent edge of the sword O enters and confines it against lateral misplacement. The central groove, c’, is the one which insures the fixture of the iron in its normal working position, while the outer groove, d’, is so situated as to force the iron inward to such an extent that no part thereof shall protrude beyond the face of the sword.

By detaching the plane A from the plane K two independent planes are left, one a rebating-plane and the other a matching-plane. While united each one serves as a member of a combination instrument for performing certain work, which either can execute singly.

Claims.

1. The combination of the two planes A and K and the sectoral plate or sword A’, under the arrangement and for operation essentially as herein set forth.

2. The combination, with the two planes A K, of the tubular support X, the screw r contained in the same, the shelf y, and the stud p, said. parts being arranged for joint operation, as herein shown and set forth.

3. The chuck n, constructed substantially as herein explained, in combination with the tubular support X, screw r, and shelf y, for the purposes stated.

4. The combination of the bar or rest D, the slot F, cam-block G, rack b, and iron E, the whole operating as herein explained.

5. The mode herein described of attaching the scoring-spur R to the beam L, the same consisting of the two screws U and V, formed and applied substantially as before set forth.

6. The combination, with the plane A, of the fence J, applied to the under side of the bed-plate, and the arms g, located on the upper side of said plate and hinged both to the plane and fence, for operation substantially as shown and set forth.

7. In combination with a matching-plane, an adjustable plate so made as to constitute a sword to such plane, and a carrier for the additional or second cutting-iron thereof, for purposes stated.

8. An adjustable plate, which combines a fence and iron-carriage so applied to the plane-beam as to be enabled to raise and lower the same from or into action, for purposes stated.

9. The combination of the planes A K, the beam L, the rod or screw S, and the adjustable sword or plate A, under the arrangement herein shown and set forth.

JAMES RAYMOND BROWN.
WILLIAM BROWN.

Witnesses:
FRED. CURTIS,
E. GRIFFITH.

No. 112,062 – Improvement In Carpenters’ Planes (William Miller) (1871)

[paiddownloads id=”179″]112062

United States Patent Office.

WILLIAM MILLER, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF
AND C. E. WOODMAN, OF SAME PLACE.

Letters Patent No. 112,062, dated February 21, 1871.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN CARPENTERS’ PLANES.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

I, WILLIAM MILLER, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a specification.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of my invention;
Figure 2 is a side elevation of’ the same; and
Figure 3, a detached view of a modification.

The object of this invention is to enable a carpenter’s plane to be operated at a greater distance from the workmen than the length of his arm, as in planing floors, ceilings, &c.; and It consists of a metallic yoke, pivoted to the plane, and provided with rollers and a projecting finger, and pivoted to a long staff or handle, as will hereinafter more fully appear.

In the drawing —

A represents the plane, on the side of which are the vertical flanges B.
C represents a yoke, which is pivoted to the flanges B by screws D.
The upper portion of yoke C is provided with lugs E and projection F, to the latter of which is attached a spring or finger, H.
The ends of yoke C are provided with rollers, I.
J represents a long handle or staff, which is pivoted at one end to lugs E.

When a forward motion is imparted to the plane A through handle J, the upper portion of yoke C is pushed forward, causing the finger H to bear firmly downward on the forward portion of the plane A, as shown in fig. 1, which places rollers I in such position that their lower edges are flush with the bottom of plane A. The plane is thus caused to operate as effectively as if in the hands of the workman, the finger H holding the foremost end down to its work, which finger, being slightly elastic, does not hold it too firmly.

The plane being drawn backward, the finger H is lifted from the plane, and the rollers I are brought downward until one side of yoke C comes in contact with the projecting pin m, which holds the same in the position shown in fig. 2, the rollers I projecting below the plane A, and slightly raising the same as it is being drawn backward, and protecting the cutting-iron when not in use.

The finger H may be bifurcated, as shown in fig. 3, the bifurcations H’ resting on the flanges B, thereby preventing the shaving from becoming clogged.

Having thus fully described my invention,

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is —

1. The combination of plane A, yoke C, and rollers I, substantially as described.
2. The combination of plane A, yoke C, rollers I, and single or bifurcated finger H, substantially as described.
3. The combination of plane A, yoke C, rollers I, finger H, and staff or handle J, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM MILLER.

Witnesses:
CARROLL D. WRIGHT,
CHARLES F. BROWN.

No. 111,890 – Improvement In Joiners’ Planes (George Allen Warren) (1871)

[paiddownloads id=”178″]111890

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

GEORGE ALLEN WARREN, OF NORTH BRIDGEIVATER, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN JOINERS’ PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 111,890, dated February 14, 1871.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE ALLEN WARREN, of North Bridgewater, of the county of Plymouth, of the State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Joiners’ Planes; and I do hereby declare the same to be fully described in the following specification and represented in the accompanying drawings, which show the invention applied to a plane, termed the “Bailey Plane,” it embracing one or more improvements patented by Leonard Bailey.

My invention, or lateral adjuster, as hereinafter described, is to enable a person to effect a lateral movement of a plane iron or bit in either direction, so as to adjust its cutting-edge in parallelism with the bearing-surface ofthe plane-stock.

Of the said drawings, Figure 1 denotes a longitudinal section of a plane with my invention applied to it. Fig. 2 is an under side view of the plane-iron or cutter, showing its longitudinal slot, which receives the eccentric of the lateral adjuster. Fig. 3 is a side elevation, and Fig. 4 a top view, of the eccentric and its operative milled head.

In such drawings, A denotes the plane-stock, and B the cutter or plane-iron, they being represented as provided with mechanism for adjusting the cutter longitudinally, and for clamping it down to its bed or bearing-sun face a.

The lateral adjuster is shown at b as consisting of a disk fixed eccentrically on a vertical journal, c, which goes through the bed at or near its upper part, and into the shank d of a milled head, e, the said journal and shank being held in connection by a clamp-screw, f. The eccentric enters the longitudinal slot g of the plane-iron, and has a diameter equal to the width of the slot. On revolving the eccentric more or less the plane-iron may be moved or tilted laterally either way, so as to bring its cutting-edge into proper adjustment with the bearing or lower surface of the plane-stock.

The devices for effecting the longitudinal adjustment of the plane-iron consist of a bent lever, C, and a screw, D, arranged and applied to the said iron and the stock in manner as represented, the devices for clamping the iron to the stock being the headed screw E, the slotted lever F, and the eccentric or cammed lever G, operating against a spring, H, all being as shown, and as commonly made and used in the Bailey plane.

I make no claim to anything, arrangement, or combination of devices as set forth and described in the United States Patent, No.67,398, to Bailey, or in the United States Patent, No. 64,790, to Palmer. My mechanism for effecting lateral adjustment of the bit or plane-iron and the application of such mechanism to the bit, or the arrangement of the adjusting mechanism with the slot of the bit and with the stock of the plane differs materially from anything represented or described in either of such patents, and is particularly advantageous or effective and simple in construction and application.

I claim —

1. The lateral adjuster, as described, as composed of the disk b, the journal c, the socketed shank d, with its clamp-screw and head, as set forth.

2. The arrangement of the said lateral adjuster, as described, with the bed of the stock, and with slot e of the plane-iron, all being substantially as and to operate as explained.

GEORGE ALLEN WARREN.

Witnesses:
R. H. EDDY,
J. R. SNOW.

No. 108,586 – Improvement In Planes (Winslow B. Glover) (1870)

[paiddownloads id=”172″]108586

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WINSLOW B. GLOVER, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 108,586, dated October 25, 1870.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, W. B. GLOVER, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and valuable Improvement in Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon.

Figure 1 of the drawings is a representation of a central vertical longitudinal section of my invention. Fig. 2 is a front view of the bed-plate and slide. Fig. 3 is a front view of the plane-bit and its regulating-key. Fig. 4 is a front view of the binding-plate. Figs. 5, 6, and 7 are details.

My invention relates to planes; and it consists, mainly, in the construction and novel arrangement of devices, whereby the plane-bit can be regulated at will and with certainty.

The letter A of the drawings designates the plane-stock, of wood or iron. To this is fitted a bed-piece, B, which is secured firmly to the stock by means of screws a a.

Upon the bed-piece is arranged a slide, C, having a wedge-like end, c, which is pressed forward by the inclined portion e of the bed-piece when the slide is depressed, thereby advancing the plates which compose the plane-bit and lessening the throat-opening. When it is desired to widen the throat to admit larger shavings, the slide is drawn up by means of the lever D, pivoted to the bed-piece B, as shown. The slide is kept close to the bed-piece, when elevated, by means of its tongue c’, which is arranged to work in an inclined slot, l, in the bed-piece. The lever D therefore operates, through the slide C, to regulate the size of the throat or opening through which the shavings pass.

P designates the plane-bit, which is secured to its cap E by means of a screw in the ordinary manner. Through the cap E are formed two openings — one above the screw and the other below. A notch, v, is formed at the side of the upper opening, and in this notch works the toe n of the lever or key G, which is pivoted eccentrically on the pin s, formed on the shoulder F — a part ofthe bed-plate. The shoulder F also serves to keep the plane-bit right as it fits in the longitudinal slot thereof. By moving the handle of the lever G to the right the plane-bit is lowered, and, reversely, a movement to the left will elevate it.

The parts are bound together by the plate H, curved in form, and arranged so that its ends only bear upon the cap. A recess is formed in its upper end to receive the expanded end of the key G, and a circular depression is made in its face, the bottom of which is formed into two semicircular inclined planes, r r, arranged to operate in connection with two similar inclined planes, t t, formed on the under side of the binding-key K. This binding-key is secured to the bed-plate by means of the screw L, formed with a large head, which is passed through an opening in the bed-plate, having a notch or contraction, i, in its lower side. The head of the screw is moved downward in the direction of this notch until the neck is embraced by it. A slight turn of the key K, causing the inclined planes to act upon each other, will bind all the parts tightly together. In order to admit the head of the binding-screw, the wood of the stock is slightly excavated at U.

A plane constructed with the above appliances is capable of being operated in a satisfactory manner. No violence — as striking with a hammer or mallet — is needed. If the throat requires alteration, the binder is loosened by a turn of the key K, and the slide C then regulated by the lever D. A turn of the key K will make all tight again. The key G regulates the bite of the plane-bit, and on account of its great leverage will operate without the necessity of previously loosening the binder.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. The lever or key G, pivoted to the bed-plate, and arranged to engage with the cap-iron E, thereby regulating the bite of the plane-bit, as specified.

2. The slide C, operated by means of the lever or key D, in combination with the bed-plate B, having an inclined plane, e, all constructed and arranged to regulate the size of the throat of the plane, as specified.

3. Attached to the bed-plate A, the cam-lever K, in combination with the semicircular inclined planes r r of the bent binding-plate H, all constructed to operate as specified.

4. The slide C, having tongue c’, in combination with a, bed-plate having an inclined slot, l, as speciiied.

5. The combination of the levers D, G, and K, plates B, E, and H, and slide C, all constructed and arranged to operate as specified.

In testimony that I claim the above I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two witnesses.

WINSLOW B. GLOVER

Witnesses:
H. R. PHILBRICK,
R. M. LINDLEY.

No. 107,757 – Improvement In Planes (Timothy O. Callahan) (1870)

[paiddownloads id=”151″]107757

United States Patent Office.

TIMOTHY O. CALLAHAN, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

Letters Patent No. 107,757, dated September 27, 1870.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 107,757, dated December 18, 1870.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

all to whom these presents shall come:

Be it known that I, TIMOTHY O. CALLAHAN, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have made an invention of a new and useful Plane for Finishing Board Floors of Halls, Dwellings, Navigable Vessels, &c.; and do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, due reference being had to the accompanying drawing making part of this specification, and in which —

Figure 1 is a perspective view; and
Figure 2, a vertical, central, and longitudinal section of a plane embodying my improvements.

The stooping or crouching position now assumed, of necessity, by carpenters in planing or finishing board floors, and the time consumed in the act, have rendered the introduction of an implement similar to that herein explained of great value, the object to the accomplished being the construction of a plane that may be operated by a carpenter or laborer while in an ordinary erect walking position, the result being great economy of time, as well as lessening of fatigue on the part of the operator.

The invention consists —

First, in mounting a carpenter’s plane upon wheels or rollers, or a carriage supported upon wheels or rollers, in such manner that said plane may be easily propelled over the surface of a floor, while at work; and

Secondly, in providing a carpenter’s plane with an attenuated sloping handle, rising therefrom to such a height as to enable a person to readily grasp it, while in a standing position.

In the drawing which accompanies and constitutes part of this specification —

A represents a carpenter’s plane, the forward end of which is mounted upon wheels or rollers, b b, in order that it may be easily propelled along the floor, the rollers or their equivalents being of considerable weight, in order to insure the contact of the plane with the floor.

The iron of the plane is shown at c as confined within the throat or shaving-passage d of the plane, in part, by a screw, e, which passes through a slot, f formed centrally in the plane-iron, and screws into the rear wall of the throat d, and serves to clamp the iron to the plane.

The vertical adjustment of the plane-iron is effected by a long screw, g, which screws through a stud, h, connected to the rear side of the plane-iron, and at or near the upper part thereof, the lower end of the screw g being swiveled to a metallic plate, i, which is secured to the upper part of the plane, and in rear of its iron, the opposite or upper end of the screw being provided with a milled head, or its equivalent, by which it may be easily rotated.

The plane-iron c is not connected rigidly or immovably to the stud h before mentioned, but merely encompasses the same, consequently, by loosening the screw d, which clamps the iron to the plane, such iron may he instantly removed therefrom, free from any incumberance.

As before observed, the head of the screw g rises to such a position as to be readily seized by a workman while standing erect, or substantially so.

K in the drawing denotes an attenuated handle attached to the rear end of the plane A, and rising therefrom at an oblique angle in parallelism, or there about, with the screw g, which it should slightly overtop, and to such a height as will enable the workman, by its aid, to propel the plane over the surface of a floor in an ordinary walking position, with results and advantages before premised.

l have heretofore stated that the wheels b should possess suflicient gravity to maintain the plane in contact with the floor against irregular movements on the part of the workman, and I would here state that it may, in practice, be found desirable to add a movable weight to the forward end of the plane, in order to facilitate this object.

I would remark, further, that in place of the wheels b the plane may he mounted upon a vehicle or carriage, but I prefer, in practice, to constitute the plane its own vehicle, and the characteristic feature of my invention will be found to consist in providing a plane with a means of support by which the friction between it and the floor is greatly reduced, in addition to its prolonged handle.

As the wheels b or their equivalents are the only points of support or contact necessarily of the plane with respect to the floor, it results that the lower surface of the plane, from its throat rearward, may be sloping or curved, should such form, from any reason, be found necessary.

The merits of a plane provided with a means ol propulsion, as before stated, will be at once apparent to persons whose occupation, like my own, is that of planing floors.

The relief from the strain and unnatural position now, of necessity assumed, and the case and rapidity with which a floor may he planed hy means of my invention need no further comment.

I claim —

A carpenter’s plane, when provided with wheels or rollers and an elongated handle, K, all constructed in the manner and for the purpose herein specified.

TIMOTHY O. CALLAHAN.

Witnesses:
FRED CURTIS,
EDWARD GRIFFITH.

No. 106,868 – Improvement In Carpenters’ Planes (Russell Phillips) (1870)

[paiddownloads id=”171″]106868

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

RUSSELL PHILLIPS, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN CARPENTERS’ PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 106,868, dated August 30, 1870.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RUSSELL PHILLIPS, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have made an invention of a novel and useful implement which I term a Carpenter’s Combination-Plane; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, due reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, and in which —

Figure 1 is a perspective view; Fig. 2, a plan; Fig. 3, a side elevation; Fig. 4, a vertical section.

This invention combines in one implement elementary features now only found in several independent tools, the result being a great saving in space in transportation, as well as in stores and carpenters’ shops, and enabling a mechanic to obtain, at small comparative cost and in a compact and efficient form, the substitutes for several classes of planes.

I have combined in this instrument a rabbeting-plane and an expansible matching-plane, to operate on and prepare boards of various thicknesses, one side of said rabbeting-plane serving as a fence or guide to the latter, as hereinafter explained.

While this invention consists, primarily, of the combination of a rabbeting-plane and an expansible matching-plane, the latter, in turn, will be found to consist of several members, so organized as to enable one to produce a “tongued groove-connection,” called “matching stuff,” a “cross-channel,” or a “plowed groove of any desired dimensions.”

In the drawings accompanying and illustrating this description of my invention, A denotes a rabbeting-plane, substantially of ordinary construction, with the exception of the removal of the handle, and the erection, at or about its center, of a post or standard, B, which slopes forward at a slight angle, and over the iron ofthe plane, which latter is represented at C. The plane A is further distinguished from others of its class by the addition to its under side of an adjustable gage, D, which converts it into a species of plane called “fillister,” or those in which the width of the rabbet cut by the tool is governed at pleasure.

The standard B supports from its upper part a long horizontal lateral bar or arm, E, departing from it at right angles to the length of the plane, such arm supporting the two movable cutter heads or stocks, which, with their adjuncts, constitute the expansible or variable matching-plane before alluded to, the arrangement of parts, as hereinafter explained, being such that both cutter-heads may be moved together or singly upon the arm and away from the rabbeting-plane A, or toward and away from each other thereupon, the side ofthe rabbeting-plane next adjacent to the said cutter-heads serving, under all circumstances, as a gage or “fence,’ so called, to the matching-plane.

The main or primary cutter-carrier is shown at F in the drawings as composed of a plate or portion, a, sliding upon or against the rear side of the arm E, and connned to such arm, upon which it slides, by clamp-nuts and bolts b b, or their equivalents, the inner end of the said plate a terminating in a right-angular bend or head, c, carrying upon its face the “spur or scoring iron,” such spur-iron a’ being secured in position thereupon by side projections or hooks, e e, and a set-screw, f, as represented, and performing the duties of preparing the way for either one or both of the matching cutters, as the case may be.

Upon the front or inner face of the cutter-carrier F or its cutter-head c, I apply a flat plate or second cutter-head, g, this latter object sliding vertically upon the head c, and being confined thereto by a set-screw or other device. The cutter-head g carries upon its inner face a cutter or iron, h, for cutting or plowing a groove, the relationship of the two cutter-heads being such that the head g may be lowered into a working position, or elevated above the same, while the cutter It may be raised or lowered with respect to its head, according to the depth of cut required, it being understood, as before stated, that when the said cutter (or its companion, to be duly referred to) is at work the side or fence i of the rabbeting-plane A serves as a guide or gage to determine the width of the cut thus made.

The iron or cutter It is composed of an upright flat plate, the lower part of which is bent into an angular sloping portion, which, constitutes its cutting-edge, the cutter by this means saving the necessity of employing two spurs to prepare its way, while the lower edge of the head g serves as a “sword,” so called, to determine the thickness of the shaving cut by the said cutter.

The cutter h, may be employed alone, in connection with the rabbeting-plane, to cut a channel, whether such groove be an ordinary cross-groove or the groove required to receive the tongue of the next adjacent board in “matching stuff,” or the said cutter may be employed in connection with the cutter to cut away one side of the tongue used in said operation of matching stuff; or, again, should occasion require, the cutter or iron h may be lowered and work in conjunction with the rabbeting-plane A, thus cutting at one and the same time a rabbet and groove or channel.

The second cutter, before mentioned, is shown at j in the accompanying drawings as mounted upon the inner face of a second cutter-head, k, which makes part of a carrier, l, mounted and sliding upon the first carrier, F, and confined thereto, by clamp-nuts or set-screws, in any proper manner, it being observed that the construction and relationship of this latter cutter-carrier and head with respect to the former being substantially the same as the former in respect to the arm or support E, before mentioned, it being observed that while the cutter or tool may be moved toward or away from the rabbeting-plane, for the purpose of cutting channels of varying width, the two cutters may be separated or contracted, in order to cut a tongue of any given width up to a certain extent.

Upon the outer or remote side ofthe second cutter-head, k, is disposed an adjustable gage for determining the depth of the cut made by either one or both the cutters h or j, (in connection with the rabbeting-plane as a side gage,) to produce a cross-channel or plow a groove.

As it becomes necessary to produce a sword to regulate the thickness of the shaving cut by the second cutter or iron, j, I form it (the sword) upon the under side of a fiat plate, o, which in turn is suspended from the under side of the carrier l, applied adjustably thereto, and confined in place by set-screws or their equivalents, in order that the lateral position of the said sword with respect to the said cutter j may be varied, as it sometimes becomes desirable that this sword shall travel in the center, or thereabout, of the groove or channel formed by such cutter.

Upon the upper side of the rear extremity of the sword, which is shown at p, or its supporting-plate o, I mount the handle of the combination-instrument, such handle being represented at q in the drawings.

An instrument constructed and organized as above explained may be used as a rabbeting-plane, or fillister simply.

By lowering the cutter h, to the proper extent and employing the side of the rabbeting-plane as a guide or gage, a cross-channel may be cut or a groove may be plowed.

By lowering the second cutter, j , and adjusting the distance between the two to the width of tongue required in machine-stuff, such tongue will be cut to any desired gage, or, as before stated, the second cutter, j, maybe employed alone, in connection with the spur-iron a’, to cut a channel or groove.

For extreme variations in the extent of cuts made by my present invention, I shall adapt cutters of varying widths; but it will be evident that considerable variations maybe made without removing the cutter at the time in use.

In the use of the rabbeting-plane alone, the cutter-head c should be inverted end for end to serve as a gage.

Although I have in the present instance represented one of the cutter-carriers as supported and sliding upon the arm E and the other carrier applied in similar manner to the first, I would remark that I intend applying each carrier by itself to the bed or frame of the tube.

I claim —

The herein-described carpenter’s plane.

RUSSELL PHILLIPS.

Witnesses:
EDW. GRIFFITH,
FRED. CURTIS.

No. 99,137 – Improvement In Joiners’ Planes (George Cyrus Beckwith) (1870)

[paiddownloads id=”162″]99137

United States Patent Office.

GEORGE CYRUS BECKWITH, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

Letters Patent No. 99,137, dated January 25, 1870.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN JOINERS’ PLANES.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE CYRUS BECKWITH, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk, and State of Massachusetts, have made a new and useful Invention, having reference to Joiners’ Planes; and do hereby declare the same to be fully described in the following specification, and represented in the accompanying drawings, of which —

Figure 1 is a top view;
Figure 2, a side elevation;
Figure 3, an end view; and
Figure 4, a longitudinal section of a joiners’ plane, containing my invention.

This plane has a stock, capable of being expanded and contracted, for the purpose of adapting it to hold plane-irons or cutters, and throat-pieces, of different sizes or widths. lt also has a new and peculiar mechanism for holding the plane-iron or cutter in place in the stock and throat-piece.

The stock is mainly composed of two jaws A B, the handle C being affixed to one of them, viz, that marked A.

Screws a a go through holes made in the jaw B, and screw into projections b b, extended from the jaw A.

Furthermore, a duplex thumb-screw, D, goes through the upper parts of the middles of the two jaws, and over the plane-iron or cutter E, which, with a wooden base-plate or throat-piece, F, is arranged between the two jaws, in manner as represented.

The duplex thumb-screw has two screw-threads c d, which are pitched or run in opposite directions, relatively to one another, one being what is usually termed “a right-hand screw,” and the other “a left-hand screw.”

One of these screws is screwed into the jaw-plate A, and the other into the jaw-plate B, the whole being so that a person, by revolving the duplex screw in one direction, will cause the jaw-plates to recede from one another, and, by turning the said screw in the opposite direction, will cause the two plates or jaws to approach one another. The screws a a serve to compress the jaws upon a throat-piece, when placed between them.

For better supporting a throat-piece by the jaws, I usually make each of the latter with a tongue, f, projecting from its inner side, such tongue being to enter a corresponding groove, g, made in the next adjacent edge of the throat-piece. This throat-piece may have a flat bottom, or it may have a bottom formed like that of any common moulding-plane.

It is intended, by my invention, to have a series of throat-pieces of different widths, and also to have a series of plane-irons or cutters, and cap-irons, to correspond with such, the same being to enable a joiner with one stock, and such a series of throat-pieces and plane-irons, and cap-irons, to compose such a plane as his necessities may require front time to time, whether such be a plane for moulding, or for plane-surface work.

The throat-piece F has a chip-throat, h, made through it, such being to receive the plane-iron or cutter E, and the cap-iron H.

For the support of the plane-iron, the two jaw-plates are provided with rebated ledges, one of which is shown at i, in fig. 4.

Furthermore, a stud, k, extends from the inner face of each jaw-plate, in manner as shown in figs. 1 and 4. These studs serve as bearings or fulcra for the cap-plate, which is passed underneath both of them, and, at its lower part, rests on the plane-iron or cutter.

There is, between the two screws of the thumb-screw D, an arm, l, which turns freely on the shank of the screw, or is pivoted to the screw, so as to be capable of turning up and down thereon.

A cammed lever, L, jointed to the said arm, either bears upon the plane-iron, or upon a spring, n, projected from the rear part of the arm, and resting on the plane-iron.

By pressing down the tail or handle o of the cammed lever L, the arm I will be elevated against the cap-iron, and the cam p of the lever will be forced against the plane-iron, and thus, by means of the iron and the cammed lever, and the supports of the plane-iron and the cap-iron, such plane-iron and cap-iron may be fastened simultaneously in place in the stock and throat-piece.

In the above-described plane, I claim, as my invention, the following, viz:

The stock, as composed of the two jaws A B, and their clamping and expanding dowels or screws a a D, substantially as set forth, in combination with a separate throat-piece, F, as explained.

Also, the combination of the arm Z and the cammed lever L, applied to the duplex extension-screw D, and arranged with the plane-cutter E and the cap~iron H, as explained.

GEORGE CYRUS BECKWITH.

Witnesses :
R. H. EDDY,
S. N. PIPER.

No. 98,108 – Improvement In Carpenters Plow (Royal B. Rice) (1869)

[paiddownloads id=”159″]98108

United States Patent Office.

ROYAL B. RICE, OF WILLIAMSBURG, MASSACHUSETTS.

Letters Patent No. 98,108, dated December 21, 1869.

_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN CARPENTERS’ PLOW.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROYAL B. RICE, of Williamsburg, in the county of Hampshire, und State of Massachusetts, have made and invented n new and useful Improvement in Carpenters’ Matching-Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, und exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed druwings, making a part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane embodying my improvement.
Figure 2, a detached end elevation of the plate in which is arranged the coulter.
Figure 3, at side elevation of the coulter detached from the plate,
Figure 4, at plan of the coulter inverted.
Figures 6 and 7, side and edge elevations of at tool for removing the coulter irom the plate.
In the accompanying drawings —

The part marked a represents the wood or body.
b, the fence.
c, the plate.
d, the bit.
e, the key.
f, the screw-knob, by turning which the foot g is raised or depressed, and the depth of the furrow thereby regulated.

h h’ are screws, provided with nuts i i’, also with corresponding nuts on the opposite side of the wood a, whereby is regulated the distance of the fence b from the plate c.

My invention consists in so constructing and arranging at coulter, with reference to the bit or iron d, that in “touguing” or “grooving” lumber, the edges of the shavings to be removed by the bit d shall have been previously cut by the coulter k, greatly facilitating such operations.

In practice, I make the coulter k of a rectangular form, providing the same with depending cutting-lips m m’, end with rebates n n’‘. In the plate c, I cut a notch, wherein I arrange the coulter, as in figs. 1 and 2. The coulter k is held in piece simply by fitting the notch in plate c snugly.

The lips m m, being lower than the bit d, first out the edges of the shavings, which are then removed by said bit.

The essence of my invention is the combination of the lips m m’ with the bit d.

By means of the tool represented in figs. 6 and 7 , the coulter k may be easily removed ffom plate c, and other coulters inserted to correspond with bits (d) of different widths that may be used in the same wood a.

Thus having described the construction and operation of my invention,

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The coulter k, constructed and arranged with reference to bit d, as herein specified.

ROYAL B. RICE.

Witnesses:
T. M. CARTER,
J. B. GLEASON.

No. 97,802 – Improvement In Spoke-Shave (Joseph A. Perley) (1869)

[paiddownloads id=”157″]97802

United States Patent Office.

JOSEPH A. PERLEY, OF LYNN, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR T0 HIMSELF AND WILLIAM H. PERLEY, OF SAME PLACE.

Letters Patent No. 97,802, dated November 14, 1869.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN SPOKE-SHAVE.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

To all persons to whom these presents may come:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH A. PERLEY, of Lynn, of the county of Essex, and State of Massachusetts, have made a new and useful invention, having reference to Spoke and Heel-Shaves; and I do hereby declare the same to be fully described in the following specification, and represented in the accompanying drawings, of which —

Figure 1 is a top view,
Figure 2 a bottom view, and
Figure 3, a transverse section of a heel-shave, as provided with my invention, which consists in the combination and arrangement of a double-edged or duplex knife, two adjustable throat-pieces, and the two handles, the whole being substantially as hereinafter explained, and also as exhibited in the said drawings.

In such drawings —

A A denotes the two handles of the implement.

The duplex knife, shown at B, has two cutting-edges, arranged as shown at b b, it being fastened, by means of screws c c, to the handles A A, so as to form with them a stock.

Each of these handles is shaped or provided with inclined beds d d at its inner part, to receive and give support to the next adjacent ends or parts of two movable bars or throat-pieces, C C, which are fastened to the handles by clamp-screws e e e e, that screw into the throat-pieces, and pass through slots f f f f, made in the handles transversely thereof.

With the double-edged knife, and the handles and two throat-pieces constructed and combined or arranged as represented, one of the knife-edges, with its throat-piece, may be adjusted to make a “fine cut,” and the other knife-edge and throat-piece may be arranged to make a coarser or coarse cut, the same admitting of the implement being used both for paring down, or rough cutting and for finishing a heel, a work usually accomplished heretofore by two separate shaves or implements.

I claim the combination of the two handles, the double-edged knife, and the two throat-pieces, substantially in manner as specified.

JOSEPH A. PERLEY.

Witnesses:
R. H. EDDY,
S. N. PIPER.

No. 105,869 – Improvement In Carpenters’ Planes (Charles E. Tucker) (1870)

[paiddownloads id=”169″]105869

United States Patent Office.

CHARLES E. TUCKER, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO
HIMSELF AND T. L. APPLETON, OF SAME PLACE.

Letters Patent No. 105,869, dated July 26, 1870
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN CARPENTERS’ PLANES.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES E. TUCKER, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carpenters’ Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof reference being had to the accompanying drawing and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its nature, construction, and use.

The nature of my invention consists in the construction and arrangement of the parts composing my invention, as will he hereinafter fully described and set forth.

Drawing.

Figure 1 represents a perspective view of my invention.
Figure 2 is a plan, showing the under side of the plane.
Figure 3 is a cross-section of the plane.

General Description.

The body of my plane consists, essentially, of two parts, C and C’, each of which parts have a downwardly projecting flange, H and H’; these two flanges together constitute the fence, and, being connected with the parts C C’, are adjustable in relation to each other.

This adjustment is effected by loosening the screws E and E’, fig. 1, which will allow the part C, to which the flange H is attached, to he moved, so that the flange H may be in contact with the flange H’, as shown in fig. 1, or may be at a distance from it, as shown in figs. 2 and 3.

The width of groove to be cut will depend upon the distance that the flanges H and H’ are from each other, and, as the flanges are adjustable, it will be seen that, with this plane, a groove of any width may he cut.

A and A’ are plane-irons attached to the parts B and B’ by set-screws S and S, as shown.

If desirable, a single iron may be used to take the place of the two irons A and A.

When a single iron is used it must be changed for each adjustment of the flanges H and H’, that is, for each width of groove required.

Each part of the plane is provided with a marker, one of which is shown at M, arranged as in an ordinary grooving-plane.

I am aware of the patent granted to T. Duvall, March 23, 1869, and therefore do not claim the features of his device.

Claim.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is —

The parts C C’, flanges H H’, set~screws E E’, parts B B’, and planing-knives A A’, when constructed and arranged substantially as shown and described.

CHARLES E. TUCKER.

Witnesses:
FRANK G. PARKER,
E. A. NICKERSON.

No. 86,741 – Improvement In Box-Scraper (William Dutton) (1869)

[paiddownloads id=”148″]86741

United States Patent Office.

WILLIAM DUTTON, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

Letters Patent No. 86,741, dated February 9, 1869.

_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN BOX-SCRAPER.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM DUTTON, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk, and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Irnprovernent in Combined Planer and Scraper; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable those skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification.

This invention relates to a new and useful improvement in tools used for scraping and planing boxes or barrels, and for removing the marks therefrom; and the invention consists in attaching to a single stock or handle an adjustable scraper, and an adjustable “planing-iron,” as will be hereinafter more fully described.

Figure 1 represents a top view of the tool.
Figure 2 is a longitudinal side view, (in section through the line x x,) so as to show the position and method of fastening and adjusting the scraper and planer-“bits.”

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

A is a metallic stock, or shell, so formed that a planing-iron, or bit, is confined to it at about the same angle it would occupy in a joiner’s plane.
B represents the iron, or “bit,” of the plane.
C is the scraper.
D is the shank, to which a handle, of wood or other material, may be attached, or the shank may be extended, so as to form a handle itself.
E is the handle.

Both of the bits, B and C, have slot-holes, so that they can be adjusted or set, for properly operating on the wood.

They are fastened by the thumb-screw F and the screw-lever G, as seen in the drawing.

The manner of operating with the tool will be readily understood from the drawing.
I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

The stock A, adapted to receive the adjustable bits B C, all the parts being constructed and arranged as described, for the purpose specified.

WM. DUTTON.

Witnesses:
ALBERT O. NORTON,
MARTHA A. NORTON.

No. 72,443 – Improvement In Carpenters’ Planes (Leonard Bailey) (1867)

[paiddownloads id=”134″]72443

United States Patent Office.

LEONARD BAILEY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

Letters Patent No. 72,443, dated December 24, 1867.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN CARPENTERS’ PLANES.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

TO ALL PERSONS TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME:

Be it known that I, LEONARD BAILEY, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk, and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Bench-Planes; and I do hereby declare the same to be fully described in the following specihcation, and represented in the accompanying drawings, of which —

Figure 1 is a top view, and Figure 2, a longitudinal section of a plane-iron and its cap-iron, and their holding-devices, such cap-iron being constructed in accordance with my improvement.

Figure 3 is a longitudinal section of the plane-iron and cap-iron, as ordinarily constructed, that is to say, with one bend, a, only near the bearing-edge of the cap-iron.

My object is to use very thin steel plane-irons, and in so doing I find that they are liable to buckle under the pressure of the cap, which causes them to chatter, and makes them otherwise imperfect; and my invention consists in the providing of an auxiliary point of contact between the cap and plane-iron, and at the point where the plane-iron tends to buckle or rise from its bed or base, and thus have a pressure at that point in addition to that at the cutting-edge, which firmly holds this thin plane-iron to its bed.

The cap-iron, as commonly constructed, that is, as shown at D, in fig. 3, when applied to the plane-iron E, will rest thereon only at the extreme lower end of the cap-iron, and also at or very near its upper end. There will be along angular space, b, between the two irons, when they are clamped together by the holding-devices which are represented in figs. 2 and 3, at A, B, and C, and consist of a screw, A, a bearing, B, and a cam-lever, C, arranged in a manner well known.

The dfficulty experienced from the construction of the cap-iron with the single bend a, is, that it allows of vibration of the cap-iron and the plane-iron while in use, such vibration being productive of what joiners term “chattering,” and consequent defective operation of the plane.

In carrying out my improvement, I make the cap-iron with an additional bend, b, (see figs. 2 and 3,) at a short distance back of its lower end or toe, or at a distance therefrom equal to about double the distance at which such lower edge or toe is to be from the main bend a, or the toe of the bearer B, the same being as shown in figs. 2 and I, so as to cause the cap-iron D’ to bear on the plane-iron E’ in three places, or at the toe and auxiliary bend of the cap-iron, and along from such bend to the heel or upper end of the cap-iron. This construction or formation of the cap-iron D’ completely obviates the difficulty above mentioned, and is a very valuable and useful improvement.

In all bench~planes the plane-iron must project slightly beyond its bed or bearing, the edge of the bed beyond which it projects serving as a fulcrum to the force of the pressure ofthe cap upon the extreme edge of the plane-iron. When thick plane-irons are used, their stiffness may resist the pressure of the cap sufficiently to prevent buckling or rising of the plane-iron from its bed; but in thin steel plane-irons which I use, the pressure of the cap upon the projecting portion of the plane~iron causes this portion to yield slightly, and of course produces buckling at some point behind, and generally close to the fulcrum. To prevent this buckling or rising, and still use the thin steel plane-irons, I put an extra bend in the cap, so that it shall have a point of impact with the thin steel at the place where it tends, from the pressure on its projecting edge, and the fulcrum behind that edge, to risefrom its bed, and thus I effectually prevent “buckling” and “chattering,” whilst I can avail myself of the economy of thin steel for the plane-irons.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent in the adaptation of thin steel to the plane-irons of bench-planes, is —

The auxiliary point of impact between the cap and the thin plane-iron, at the point or portion thereof where the thin steel tends to buckle under the pressure of the cap upon the projecting edge of the plane-iron, substantially in the manner described.

LEONARD BAILEY.

Witnesses:
R. H. EDDY,
F. P. HALE, Jr.

No. 67,398 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Leonard Bailey) (1867)

[paiddownloads id=”130″]67398

United States Patent Office.

LEONARD BAILEY OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

Letters Patent No. 67,398, dated August 6, 1867.
_________________

IMPROVEMENTS IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

TO ALL PERSONS TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME:

Be it known that I, LEONARD BAILEY, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk, and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Joiners’ Planes; and I do hereby declare the same to be fully described in the following specification, and represented in the accompanying drawings, of which —

Figure 1 is a top view.

Figure 2, a side elevation, and

Figure 3 a longitudinal section of a plane provided with my invention.

The stock of the plane I construct in two parts, A B, the throat C for the reception ofthe plane-iron being formed in both of them in manner as represented. The lower portion B of the stock I make of wood, and the upper portion A of iron or metal, each being formed in manner as represented in the drawings. The portion A is placed on the top of the part B, and they are connected by clamp-screws a b going down through slots c d made in the part A, the same being so as to enable the part A to he moved a little lengthwise or adjusted on the part B, as occasion may require, in order to bring the plane-iron supporting-face e of such part A flush or even with the upper surface of a thin plate when glued or fixed to the plane-iron or supporting-face f of the part B. As the lower surface of the part B may become worn away, from use of the plane, the opening of the lower part of the throat will grow wider, and finally become so wide as to render it necessary to glue, or fix on the back or inclined face of that part of the throat which is on the part B, a thin layer or plate of wood or other material of sufficient thickness to bring the plane-iron in its true relation with the front edge of the opening of the throat. The advantage of applying the parts A and B to each other in manner or so as to enable the part A to be moved and adjusted on the part B will thus be apparent. The plane-iron is represented at C’ as provided with a cap-iron, D, which is fastened to the plane-iron by means of a clamp-screw, g, which goes through a slot, k, made lengthwise in the plane-iron and screws into the cap-iron. The cap-iron, near its upper end or heel, and directly over the slot h, I form with a hole or slot, k, to receive the shorter arm l of a forked lever, D’, which, with its fulcrum m, is arranged in the part A in manner as represented. The said forked lever is shown in top view in Figure 4, its shorter arm being arranged at or about at a right angle with its longer or furcated arm. The two prongs of the forked arms embrace the shank of a nut, E, and enter a groove, l’, made in and around the shank. This nut is screwed on a vertical male screw, F, extending up from the part A and near to its rear handle m’, in manner as shown in the drawings. The object of the said nut and furcated lever, as arranged and applied to the part A or the plane-stock, and the cap of the plane-iron, as explained and represented, is to enable a person to move the said plane-iron lengthwise in order to properly adjust its cutting-edge with reference to the bottom surface of the plane-stock. Were the hole k in the plane-iron instead of in the cap-iron, the plane-iron, as it might become worn up by the process of sharpening it, would require a new hole or series of holes in it to render it available, but by having the hole k in the cap-iron, such hole not only serves, with the shorter arm of the lever D, as a means of readily attaining the proper position of the plane-iron and its cap-iron in the stock, but enables the plane-iron to be adjusted by the action of the lever and the nut and screw, and to be adjusted on the cap-iron, as occasion may require, after a sharpening of the plane may have taken place. In order to aid in depressing the heel of the fastening bearer or lever G from the head of the screw H, as well as to afford a means of aiding in throwing up the cam-lever I, and to enable the cam o of such lever to turn without friction on the cap-iron, I affix to the bearer, on its under side, a spring plate, p, it being arranged with the bearer and its lever I in manner as represented.

What I claim as my invention in the above-described joiner’s plane is as follows:

I claim the arrangement of the two parts A B of the stock together, and with slots c d and clamp-screws a b, as described, whereby such parts may be adjusted with reference to each and clamped together as and for the purpose specified.

I also claim the combination as well as the arrangement of the adjusting screw F and nut E, or the equivalent thereof, and the bent lever, with the plane-stock.

Also, the arrangement of the hole k in the cap-iron to operate with the adjusting lever, combined with the screw and nut, or the equivalent thereof, and applied to the stock, as set forth.

LEONARD BAILEY.

Witnesses:
R. H. EDDY,
GEO. H. ANDREWS.

No. 55,599 – Improvement In Spokeshaves (Leonard Bailey) (1866)

[paiddownloads id=”118″]55599

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

LEONARD BAILEY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN SPOKESHAVES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 55,599, dated June 19, 1866.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEONARD BAILEY, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improved Spokeshave; and I do hereby declare the same to be fully described in the following specification, and represented in the accompanying drawings, of which —

Figure 1 denotes a top view, Fig. 2 a front elevation, Fi g. 3 a transverse section, and Fig. 4 a longitudinal section, of it.

In carrying out my invention I construct the stock of the spokeshave in two separate parts. and so that each of its handles shall be divided into two parts length wise, in manner as shown at a a’ in Figs. 1, 2, and 4. The two lowermost parts, a’ a’, of the handles I combine in one piece with the cutter rest or supporter — that is, so as to extend in opposite directions therefrom — and I also combine the other two or upper parts, a a, of the handles with the adjustable shank-piece c, so as to be in one piece therewith and to extend in opposite directions from it, in manner as exhibited in the figures.

The cutter or shave iron d, resting on the part b, I secure thereto by means of a clamp-bar, e, which is arranged on the cutter and directly over the part b, and is held in place (and so as to conbine the cutter to the said part D) by means of two screws, f f, which go through the lower parts of the handles and screw through the said clamp-bar e, each of such screws being arranged at right angles, or thereabout, with the lower or bearing surface of the part b.

Furthermore, the clamp-bar is caused, near its ends, to abut against two shoulders, i i, formed in or on the stock. These shoulders are arranged in front of the clamp-bar, and not only serve to prevent the downward strain of the screws from breaking the said screws, but co-operate with the screws in setting the bar closely against the cutter or shave-iron, so as to confine it firmly to its bed.

The parts a a touch the parts a’ a’ simply at or near their extremities, the same being in order that such parts a a, with the extension portion c, may constitute a bow or curved spring, to raise the said portion relatively to the cutter, and so as to increase the throat of the implement.

The screws f f are to extend through the parts a a, and screw into nuts g g, so applied to them as to act against the said parts a a, the said nuts and screws serving to effect a counter-movement of the part c, for the purpose of disconnecting the throat of the spoke shave.

The arrangement of the screws f f, the shoulders i i, and the clamp-bar e relatively to the cutter or iron d, the bed on which it rests, and the bottom, surface of the part b renders the clamp very efficient in holding the cutter down to the bed, however the clamp, by the action of the screws, is driven downward in a direction which is at an obtuse angle, its surface in contact with the plane-iron. The screws f f, by their arrangeinent, perform the duty not only of holding the clamp down upon the plane iron, but of co-operating with their nuts in springing the upper parts, a a, ot the handle, so as to regulate the distance of the throat-piece c from the plane-iron.

What I claim in the above improved spoke-shave is as follows:

1. The combination of the screws f f and nuts g g, or their equivalents, with the clamp-bar e, and with the stock divided length wise into two parts or portions, constructed substantially in manner and so as to operate as described.

2 The arrangement of the clamp-bar e with the screws f f and nuts g g, and with the stock divided lengthwise into two parts or portions, constructed substantially in manner and so as to operate with the said screws and nuts, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination and arrangement of the shoulders i i with the screws f f, the clamp-bar e, the cutter d, and bed b, or the stock, substantially as set forth.

LEONARD BAILEY.

Witnesses:
R. H. EDDY,
FREDERICK CURTIS.

No. 20,882 – Shoemaker’s Edge Plane (Freeman Killbrith) (1858)

[paiddownloads id=”78″]20882

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

F. KILLBRITH, OF PEMBROKE, MASSACHUSETTS.

SHOEMAKER’S EDGE-PLANE.

_________________

Specification of Letters Patent No. 20,882, dated July 13, 1858.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREEMAN KILLBRITH, of Pembroke, in the county of Plymouth and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement on an Implement or Tool called the “Edge-Plane,” Used for the Pairing or Trimming the Edges of Boots and Shoes; and I do hereby declare the following is a full and exact description of said tool, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

The nature of my invention consists in attaching to the shank of the edge plane a movable guard which by means of a screw and slide can be moved toward the edge of the knife as the knife wears away by use, so that the space between the edge of the knife and the guard can be regulated at pleasure; and also in making the knife itself movable so that it can be set at any desired gage, and also be removed from the shank entirely to be ground or sharpened.

To enable others to make and use my invention I proceed to describe its construction and operation, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

A is a common wooden tool handle in which is inserted solid in the end, the iron shank B to which is attached the guard C and the knife D.

C is a movable guard fastened to the shank B by the screw e and which can be moved from right to left as desired and held in its place by the screw e or wholly removed from the shank B.

D is the knife fastened to the shank B by I the screw f which works in a slot in the knife, so that it can be raised or lowered and set to any required gage or by unscrewing entirely be removed from the shank to be ground or sharpened.

To operate this tool with this improvement, when the edge of the knife is worn away by use, by loosening the screw e, the guard C can be moved to the left to the edge of the knife D and by tightening the screw e set at any required distance from the edge of the knife D.

To set the knife to any gage for paring a sole the screw f is loosened and the knife raised or lowered to the desired gage and the screw fastened.

To remove the knife from the shank, remove the screw f wholly.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is —

The attachment to the edge plane now in use and known as Dunham’s patent, of the movable guard C with its screw e, the guard being movable to and from the edge of the knife D, and sliding on the face of the shank, B; and also the attachment to the shank B of the knife D with its screw f working in a slot, and raised or lowered to any desired gage for paring soles, and which knife D can be wholly removed from the shank B by unscrewing the screw f, and so ground or sharpened, and be replaced by a new knife if necessary.

FREEMAN KILLBRITH. [L. S.]

Attest:
JOSEPH COBB,
B. STREETER.

No. 17,951 – Joiner’s Plane (Thomas D. Worrall) (1857)

[paiddownloads id=”50″]17951

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

THOS. D. WORRALL, OF LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

JOINER’S PLANE.

_________________

Specification of Letters Patent No. 17,951, dated August 4, 1857.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOS. D. WORRALL, of Lowell, Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

The nature of my invention consists in certain devices for securing and regulating the bits in planes, the peculiarities of which will be hereinafter fully described.

In order that others skilled in the art may manufacture and use my invention I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

In the accompanying drawings which make a part of this specification Figure 1 is a side elevation showing its internal arrangement in dotted lin. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the bit. Fig. 3 is a view of the cap. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the bottom of the clamp lever. Fig. 5 is a top view of said lever.

In Fig. 1 (A) is the body or stock of the plane. B is a strap attached to the back of the bit — having a screw in its upper extremity — its lower extremity being in the form of a T. (G) is the bit secured to the T strap by means of screws (n n’) seen in Fig. 2. H is the cap having a slot in it as seen in Fig. 3, and secured to the bit by means of a screw (m), said cap being concave as seen in Fig. 1. (D) is a rest attached to the top of the plane. (C) is a clamp lever, being pivoted at (i) and having a slot in its upper extremity (o) seen in this figure being one of the arms of said slot. (F) is a nut, working on the screw on the end of T strap (B), said nut having a groove in it, the groove fitting in the slot on the end of lever C. (E) is a screw passing through rest (D) and serving to operate lever (C).

Fig. 2 represents the bit, (n, n) being screws through it for the purpose of adjusting the T strap, as the plane bit wears. As the bit wears away the screws (n’ and n) may be removed; also, screws (m). Then after slipping the bit down (n’) will enter the place occupied by (n). (n) will occupy hole (x) and m will occupy the hole (n). In this manner I may use a suflicient number of holes and wear the bit entirely up, which cannot be done in the ordinary plane secured with strap.

Fig. 4 shows the bottom of clamp lever C — the T arms of lever C slip in between jaws (a) and slide on flanges (c), being clamped by said flanges when the lever is operated above by means of screw (E).

Fig. 5 shows a top view of the clamp lever with its slot for receiving the tap or nut (F).

In operating this plane the bit is first secured to the T strap, then the cap may be adjusted to its proper position on the bit, and the strap inserted into position in the plane stock — the lower extremity of the T strap enters the jaws of clamp lever C and its arms slide on, and are secured by flanges (c) — the groove in nut (F) being adjusted in slot into top of lever C the screw (E) is operated and the bit firmly secured.

The advantages of clamp lever C are very readily perceived (the lever may be made any desired or convenient length and the power obtained by it may be very great) for there is no known process by which a plane bit may be so securely bedded as by this — this lever operates upon the bit at two important points for bedding it — it draws the bit in at the bottom, with the power, and in a manner that can be done by no other means. The easy adjustment of the plane by means of lever C and screw (E) gives it advantages not possessed by other planes.

Having thus fully described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is —

I claim —

The employment of the clamp lever C for securing and bedding the bit, in the manner herein fully set forth and described.

In testimony whereof I hereunto set my hand.

THOS. D. WORRALL.

Witnesses:
C. M. ALEXANDER,
JOHNS HOLLINGSHEAD.

No. 18,312 – Attaching Adjustable Handles To Joiner’s Planes (Thomas D. Worrall) (1857)

[paiddownloads id=”68″]18312

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

THOS. D. WORRALL, OF LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

METHOD OF ATTACHING ADJUSTABLE HANDLES TO JOINERS’ PLANES.

_________________

Specification of Letters Patent No. 18,312, dated September 29, 1857.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOS. D. WORRALL, of Lowell, Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Movable and Adjustable Handles for Molding-Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

The nature of my invention consists in certain devices for attaching and adjusting the handles on molding planes, the peculiarities of which will be hereinafter described.

In order that others skilled in the art may manufacture and use my invention I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

In the accompanying drawings which make a part of this specification Figure 1 is a side elevation. Fig. 2 is a plan view of plate, D, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a view showing the slotted face of rectangular strap C. Fig. 4 is view of the nut, button and screw, for attaching plate D to the stock or wood part of the plane.

In Fig. 1 A is the stock or body of the plane, (B), is the handle, (D), is a slotted cap plate, resting on the top of the plane as seen in this figure. (C), is a rectangular strap of metal, the handle (D), being attached to one arm, the other extending several inches in front of the handle, is slotted, as seen in Fig. 4. (F), is a nut, with jaws as seen in Fig. 3. (G), is a button on the back of nut (F). (E), is a thumb screw passing through plate (D), and entering nut (F) as seen in Fig. 3.

Fig. 2 represents the slotted plate (D), (B), is a square shaft, passing through slot in strap C, (c), is a screw on the end of shaft b. Nut (a) in Fig. 1 passes over this screw and attaches plate (D), to strap (C).

In attaching this handle to planes, I first cut a groove in the top of the plane and a mortise in the side, the groove and mortise meeting form a T-shaped slot. The nut, F, fits in the body of this slot and the flanges formed by the projecting of the button beyond the sides of the nut fit in the arms of the slot. Plate D fits on top of the plane, between the arms, or jaws of nut, F, and over the slot, screw, E, passes through the slot in cap plate, D, and enters the nut, F, and secures the handle firmly to the plane. By means of the slot in cap plate D, the handle may be made to assume the position seen in Fig. 1 or strap, C, may lit up snugly against the plane as is the general manner of using it.

Strap C it will be seen is slotted for the purpose of adjusting the handle, elevating or lowering it as circumstances or convenience may require; the handle when placed at any desired position may be secured by means of the nut, (a). This adaptation of the handle to the top or bottom of the plane is particularly desirable in some instances. If the bit is set for cutting a very thin shaving the handle may be at the top or above the top of the plane, but if set for cutting a heavy shaving the handle should be as low as possible in order to have the power in a line with the work, so that the plane will not tilt but move steadily.

One of the chief advantages of my movable handle is that it does away with the necessity of making handle to my planes. They may thereby be aiforded at a much cheaper rate. This handle is so easily adjusted on the plane that but little time will be consumed in changing from one to the other.

Having thus fully described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is —

1. I claim the combination and arrangement of cap plate D, screw E, nut F, and T slot o, in the plane for the purpose of providing and securing a movable handle to planes.

2. I claim the arrangement of cap plate D, slotted strap C, and screw a, for the purpose of adjusting the handle vertically when desired by the operator as set forth and described.

THOS. D. WORRALL.

Witnesses:
C. M. ALEXANDER,
JOHN S. HOLLINGSHEAD.

No. 19,229 – Tool For Manufacturing Splint Baskets (Artemas Baker) (1858)

[paiddownloads id=”70″]19229

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ARTEMAS BAKER, OF TEMPLETON, MASSACHUSETTS.

TOOL FOR MANUFACTURING SPLINT BASKETS.

_________________

Specification of Letters Patent No. 19,229, dated February 2, 1858.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARTEMAS BAKER, of Templeton, in the county of Worcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Tool for Riving Out Basket Stuff, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 is a. plan of the bottom of the tool. Fig. 2 a longitudinal vertical section of the same on the line x, x, of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 a transverse vertical section on the line y, y, of Fig. 1.

In manufacturing thin strips of wood to be used for basket stuff, chair bottoms and for other purposes, it has been customary to rive out the slip and afterward dress or finish its surface, this causes considerable delay and expense in the preparation of the stuff. It is obvious that if a plane is used having an opening in the top of the stock for the slip or shaving to pass out at, as in the ordinary bench plane, that the slip must be bent up so abruptly as it is separated from the piece of stuff that the fibers of the wood will be broken or crippled and the value of the article produced be materially diminished.

The object of my present invention is to produce a tool with which these slips may be cut from at piece of stuff with their surfaces smoothed at one operation.

That others skilled in the art may understand and use my invention I will proceed to describe the manner in which I have carried out the same.

In the drawings A, is the stock, longitudinally through which for a considerable portion of its length is formed a groove or recess B, which is open at the rear end of the stock at a, for the passage of the slip of wood after it has been separated from the large piece of stuff. To the bottom or face of the stock is secured a guard plate C, having an inclined edge at b, alongside of this plate is the cutting iron D made of thicker plate than the guard C, its cutting edge at c, is beveled on the inner side (as in Fig. 3) and inclines to correspond with the edge b, — the screws d, by which this iron is held to the stock pass through slots e, in the iron so that as the edge is worn or ground down the iron may be advanced and the edge c, be kept in the proper position, this edge is kept at such a distance below the edge b, as will give the proper thickness to the slip — overlapping parts of the guard C, and the iron D is a guide E, which is secured to the stock by screws f, the straight edge g of this guide, runs in contact with the side of the plank from which the slips are being cut, and the edge c, being inclined at an acute angle to the guide or to the path of the plane separates the slip from the piece of stuff’ by cutting the fiber and not by riving or rending it oft, and the surface from which the slip is taken off is left smooth so that when the next slip is taken off, both of its sides will be smooth enough for use without any subsequent. finishing. The slip as it is separated from the plank passes through the groove B, out from the plane at a, without having been bent up in such. a manner as to injure the integrity of its fibers.

I am aware that planes have been used having the edge of the iron inclined to the path of the plane. Therefore I do not claim this feature alone; but

What lf claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is —

The above described tool consisting essentially of the guide E — the plate C, and the horizontal iron D, with its inclined edge c, in connection with a horizontal recess B, and opening at operating in the manner and for the purpose substantially as set forth.

ARTEMAS BAKER.

Signed in presence of —
ERASTUS O. EDERY,
DEXTER GILBERT.

No. 19,359 – Securing The Plane Iron To Its Stock (P.A. Gladwin) (1858)

[paiddownloads id=”71″]19359

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

P. A. GLADWIN, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

METHOD OF SECURING THE PLANE-IRON TO ITS STOCK.

_________________

Specification of Letters Patent No. 19,359, dated February 16, 1858.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, P. A. GLADWIN, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Joiners’ Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1, is a longitudinal vertical and central section of my iinproveinent. Fig. 2, is a transverse section of do, taken in the line (x), (x), Fig. 1, and looking in the direction indicated by the arrow. Fig. 3, is a plan or top view of do.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

This invention consists in a novel manner of securing the iron in the plane, as hereinafter described, whereby the iron may be readily adjusted in the plane and at the same time firmly secured therein.

To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and construct my invention I will proceed to describe it.

A, represents the stock of a plane constructed externally in the usual way and provided with an ordinary cutter or “iron” B.

C, is the “throat” of the plane in which the iron B, is placed or fitted and secured. This throat is not provided with the usual grooves at its sides (a) to receive a wooden wedge as ordinary planes, the sides of the throat being perfectly vertical and the space between the sides being equal to the width of the iron B, as shown clearly in Fig. 2. The back (b) of the throat C, has the usual inclination, and its front is of double inclined form as usual and shown at (c) (d) Fig. 1. On the inclined part (c) of the front of the throat C, a plate D, is placed. This plate has an oval opening (e) made in it as shown clearly in Fig. 2, and the lower edge of the plate has a foot piece or projection (f) at each end, the lower surfaces of which are parallel with the outer surface of the cover or cap E, of the iron, see Fig. 1.

F, is a plate on the inner side of which a projecting ledge or bit (g) is formed. This plate is secured to the part (c) of the front side of the throat by a screw (d’) which passes through the oval opening (e) in the plate D, the plate being allowed to turn on said screw and the ledge or bit (g) also fits within this opening as shown clearly in Figs. 1 and 2. The ledge or bit (g) is not at the center of the plate F, but is rather at one side of it, the screw (d’) passing through one end of the ledge or bit (g) as shown clearly in Fig. 2. The plate F, is provided with a thumb piece (h) at its upper end.

In consequence of having the bit (g) placed at one side of the center or screw (d’) and having said bit fitted within the oval opening (e) of the plate D, the plate D, will be raised and lowered turning the plate F, on its screw or center (d and it will be seen that when the plate F, is turned in the direction indicated by arrow (1) the foot pieces or projections (f), (f), will be forced down or against the cap or cover E, of the iron B, and will retain the iron firmly in its place as shown in black in Fig. 1, and in red in Fig. 2. By turning the plate in the opposite direction as indicated by arrow (2) the foot pieces or projections (f), (f) will be raised and the iron may be entirely withdrawn from the stock or adjusted or set as desired and then firmly secured by turning plate F, in the direction indicated by arrow 1.

This invention is extremely simple and allows of the ready adjustment of the iron.
It may be applied to any ordinary plane with the greatest facility, the device being made of varying sizes to suit different sized planes.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is,

The two plates D, F, constructed as shown, viz., the plate D, being provided with the foot pieces or projections (f), (f), and the oval opening (e), and the plate F, provided with the bit (g) and pivoted to the part (c) of the throat C, so that the bit may work within the oval opening (e) of the plate D, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

P. A. GLADWIN.

Witnesses:
SAMUEL CALDIROTT,
J. B. CALDIROTT.

No. 20,615 – Device For Adjusting Plane Irons (Leonard Bailey) (1858)

[paiddownloads id=”76″]20615

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

L. BAILEY, OF WINCHESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

DEVICE FOR ADJUSTING- PLANE-IRONS.

_________________

Specification of Letters Patent No. 20,615, dated June 22, 1858.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEONARD BAILEY, of Winchester, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Joiners’ Planes; and I do hereby declare that the same is fully described and represented in the following specification and the accompanying drawings, of which —

Figure 1, is a top view. Fig. 2, a side elevation; and Fig. 3, a vertical, central and longitudinal section of a plane having my improvement. Fig. 4, is a top view of the friction plate and its adjuster.

The nature of my invention consists in the application of a movable friction plate and a device for adjusting or moving it to the rear side of the throat of a plane stock, and so as to support the plane iron or cutter and be a means by which it may be set or adjusted with respect to the bearing or bottom of the plane stock.

In the drawings, A, denotes the stock of which B, is the throat; C, the plane iron, the latter with its cap iron D, being held in place by a lever E, a thumb cam F, and a bearer or screw, G.

The bearer extends upward from the rear side of the throat and through slots made in the plane iron, the cap iron and the lever and its head serves as a fulcrum to the lever. A spring, H, projecting from the lever as shown in the drawings, serves to separate the thumb cam from the cap in a manner to prevent the former from being turned by the latter while it is being moved longitudinally with the plane iron.

I, is a metallic plate, which is placed fiat against the rear face a, of the throat, B, and serves to support the plane iron. This plate I, is formed with a slot, b, and a circular opening, c, the latter being for the reception of an eccentric, d, projecting from a lever, e, which turns on a fulcrum or screw, f, arranged as shown in the drawings. By turning the lever on its fulcrum in one direction the friction plate, will be raised upward in the throat. So by turning the lever in the opposite way, the plate will be depressed, the amount of movement of the friction plate depending on that of the lever. As the plane iron or cutter rests directly on and is forced down upon the friction plate, it will be moved by and with the latter and so that its cutting edge may be adjusted with great nicety with respect to its distance from or beyond the supporting face or bottom surface of the stock.

The lever, e, the eccentric, d, and the opening c, I term the adjuster, as when applied to the stock and plate, I, as described, they constitute a means of adjusting the plane iron as explained. Were the adjuster applied directly to the plane iron as it is to the friction plate, that is were we to dispense with the friction plate and insert the eccentric of the adjuster in a circular orifice made in the plane iron, it will be readily seen that but very little wear of the plane iron, such as must necessarily take place in sharpening it, or in other words, a reduction of its length, a distance equal to the eccentricity of the eccentric, would render the iron useless. By having a friction plate independent of the plane iron, the extent of grinding or reduction of the plane iron is not limited to the amount of eccentricity of the eccentric, but may be carried on to a much greater extent. Thus, the advantages of my invention will be apparent. It can be applied to most ordinary plane stocks without alteration of the plane iron, or any addition thereto, and it enables the plane iron to be adjusted with great nicety, without requiring the fastening contrivance to be first loosened.

I claim —

The combination of the movable friction plate, I, (separate from the plane iron, C,) and its adjuster or the equivalent of the latter with the throat of the plane stock and to operate the plane iron substantially as specified.
In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my signature.

LEONARD BAILEY.

Witnesses:
R. N. EDDY,
F. P. HALE, Jr.