Month: March 2012

No. 109,037 – Improvement In Planes (Ellis H. Morris) (1870)

[paiddownloads id=”174″]109037

United States Patent Office.

ELLIS H. MORRIS, OF SALEM, OHIO.

Letters Patent No. 109,037, dated November 8, 1870.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN PLANES.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

To whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELLIS H. MORRIS, of Salem, in the county of Columbiana and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Metallic Planes; and I do declare that the following is a true and accurate description thereof, reference being had to thc accompanying drawing and to the letters of reference marked thereon, and being a part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved plane.
Figure 2 is a plan of the bottom.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal vertical section of the device.

Like letters indicate like parts in each figure.

The nature of this invention relates to an improved construction of metallic planes, whereby greater lightness and strength are secured, with case in operation.

The invention consists in casting the body of the plane with a series of intersecting ribs, covering the entire face, and in the general arrangement of its several parts, as more fuily hereinafter described.

In the drawing —

A represents a thin iron plate, cast with narrow projecting and intersecting ridges, a, on its lower face, and a rib-socket, A’, on its upper surface, which, besides giving the plane-body the necessary rigidity, receives thc handle B at the rear end, secured therein by two or more bevel-screws, b, whose heads are countersunk in the cavities formed by the ridge a.

The central portion of the socket forms the throat c, and in the forward part is secured a knob, C, by which the operator guides the plane.

D is the plane-iron, whose slot, d, extends to the upper end.

E is the cap, resting on the upper or forward face of the iron, to which it is secured by a set-screw, F, threaded in it, passing from the rear side of the iron through the slot d.

G is the wedge, which secures the iron and cap in the throat in the usual manner.

By extending the slot in the iron to its upper end, when I wish to remove it for sharpening, I simply loosen the thumb-screw F, when the iron drops down through the throat. In like manner it is readjusted.

This construction of the body of the plane combines great strength and rigidity with the minimum of weight. The weight of all metallic planes hitherto made has been the principal objection to their use, seconded by their large cost as compared with the wooden plane.

In making such planes, after the bottom is cast it is the custom to level off the face on an iron-planer, and finish on an emery-wheel — an expensive process.

In this, as soon as taken from the sand I put it in a vise and finish the surface with a file, at a tenth of the cost of finishing a plane-face by the other method, as the peculiar arrangement of the intersecting ridges leaves but little metal to be removed in order to face the plane. For the same reason the plane is easier to move on the wood, the diminished area ofthe surface moving in contact with the board reducing the friction in a corresponding ratio.

I do not wish to confine myself to the particular configuration of the face-ridges shown, as the same may be in curved lines, intersecting each other to term any desired geometrical pattern.

I am well aware that cast-iron planes have been made with longitudinal grooves planed in their faces, and therefore disclaim the invention of such.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. The intersecting ridges d on the face of a metallic plane, as described.

2. The arrangement of the handle B, knob C, plane-iron D, cap E, screw F, and wedge G, with the metallic plane-body A, constructed as herein described, and operating as set forth.

ELLIS H. MORRIS.

Witnesses:
MARMADUK WILSON,
SAMUEL HARDMAN.

No. 108,946 – Improvement In Caps For Plane-Irons (Charles N. Tuttle) (1870)

[paiddownloads id=”173″]108946

United States Patent Office.

CHARLES N. TUTTLE, OF AUBURN, NEW YORK.

Letters Patent No. 108,946, dated November 1. 1870.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN CAPS FOR PLANE-IRONS.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

I, CHARLES N. TUTTLE, of Auburn, Cayuga county, New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Caps for Plane-Irons, of which the following is a specification.

Heretofore, in the manufacture of steel caps for plane-irons, it has been usual to forrn the raised hub that enters the elongated-slot of the cutter-iron, and that receives the confining and adjusting-screw, from the body of the cap itself, by swaging up such hub; but this is quite an expensive process, and necessitates the heating to a greater degree, and for a longer time, of the cap.

My object is to cheapen the construction of the cap and manufacture it by a simpler process; and

My invention consists in a cap having a metallic hub secured thereto by brazing, and which is afterward provided with a screw-thread, and thus forms an improved cap.

In the accompanying drawing —

Figure 1 represents, in perspective, my improved cap;
Figure 2, a. top view;
Figure 3, longitudinal central section; and
Figure 4, a longitudinal central section of a modified form.

A represents the cap of a double plane-iron, which is to be formed of steel; but, instead of swaging up a hub on the surface of the cap, I am enabled to do entirely away with such action by simply cutting off from a strip of smooth iron of proper width and thickness a length suitable for a hub, B, and this I secure to the surtitce of the cap, which I am enabled to make irom the regular rolled steel or iron, by means of brazing.

It will be evident to those skilled in the manufacture of these articles that it is a great desideratum to be able to use the regular rolled steel or iron, and have simply to cut it off the proper length, turn the corners, and round up and sharpen the Iower edge, thus obviating the heating and working of but one end.

The cap and hub are provided with a hole either after or before brazing the hub to the cap, which is provided with a thread to receive a confining and adjusting-nut, C’, which I prefer to make of malleable iron on account of cheapness and durability.

Instead of brazing the hub directly to the surface of the cap, I may punch a hole of suitable size through the cap, and in this hole place a hub of at thickness necessary to fill up such opening, and also project the proper distance above the cap to form a hub, as in fig. 4, and this hub I brazed in or to the opening in the cap.

In all cases where a hub is formed or secured to the cap by swaging, the hub has afterward to be dressed square on the sides; but with a hub previously squared in its manufacture, and then brazed, this tedious and rather expensive portion of the manufacture is avoided.

Having described my invention, I claim —

The plane-iron cap, provided with a nut when each is formed in separate pieces, and brazed together, as and for the purpose herein specified.

C. N. TUTTLE.

Witnesses:
C. W. UPHAM,
C. N. TUTTLE, Jr.

No. 108,586 – Improvement In Planes (Winslow B. Glover) (1870)

[paiddownloads id=”172″]108586

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WINSLOW B. GLOVER, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 108,586, dated October 25, 1870.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, W. B. GLOVER, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and valuable Improvement in Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon.

Figure 1 of the drawings is a representation of a central vertical longitudinal section of my invention. Fig. 2 is a front view of the bed-plate and slide. Fig. 3 is a front view of the plane-bit and its regulating-key. Fig. 4 is a front view of the binding-plate. Figs. 5, 6, and 7 are details.

My invention relates to planes; and it consists, mainly, in the construction and novel arrangement of devices, whereby the plane-bit can be regulated at will and with certainty.

The letter A of the drawings designates the plane-stock, of wood or iron. To this is fitted a bed-piece, B, which is secured firmly to the stock by means of screws a a.

Upon the bed-piece is arranged a slide, C, having a wedge-like end, c, which is pressed forward by the inclined portion e of the bed-piece when the slide is depressed, thereby advancing the plates which compose the plane-bit and lessening the throat-opening. When it is desired to widen the throat to admit larger shavings, the slide is drawn up by means of the lever D, pivoted to the bed-piece B, as shown. The slide is kept close to the bed-piece, when elevated, by means of its tongue c’, which is arranged to work in an inclined slot, l, in the bed-piece. The lever D therefore operates, through the slide C, to regulate the size of the throat or opening through which the shavings pass.

P designates the plane-bit, which is secured to its cap E by means of a screw in the ordinary manner. Through the cap E are formed two openings — one above the screw and the other below. A notch, v, is formed at the side of the upper opening, and in this notch works the toe n of the lever or key G, which is pivoted eccentrically on the pin s, formed on the shoulder F — a part ofthe bed-plate. The shoulder F also serves to keep the plane-bit right as it fits in the longitudinal slot thereof. By moving the handle of the lever G to the right the plane-bit is lowered, and, reversely, a movement to the left will elevate it.

The parts are bound together by the plate H, curved in form, and arranged so that its ends only bear upon the cap. A recess is formed in its upper end to receive the expanded end of the key G, and a circular depression is made in its face, the bottom of which is formed into two semicircular inclined planes, r r, arranged to operate in connection with two similar inclined planes, t t, formed on the under side of the binding-key K. This binding-key is secured to the bed-plate by means of the screw L, formed with a large head, which is passed through an opening in the bed-plate, having a notch or contraction, i, in its lower side. The head of the screw is moved downward in the direction of this notch until the neck is embraced by it. A slight turn of the key K, causing the inclined planes to act upon each other, will bind all the parts tightly together. In order to admit the head of the binding-screw, the wood of the stock is slightly excavated at U.

A plane constructed with the above appliances is capable of being operated in a satisfactory manner. No violence — as striking with a hammer or mallet — is needed. If the throat requires alteration, the binder is loosened by a turn of the key K, and the slide C then regulated by the lever D. A turn of the key K will make all tight again. The key G regulates the bite of the plane-bit, and on account of its great leverage will operate without the necessity of previously loosening the binder.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. The lever or key G, pivoted to the bed-plate, and arranged to engage with the cap-iron E, thereby regulating the bite of the plane-bit, as specified.

2. The slide C, operated by means of the lever or key D, in combination with the bed-plate B, having an inclined plane, e, all constructed and arranged to regulate the size of the throat of the plane, as specified.

3. Attached to the bed-plate A, the cam-lever K, in combination with the semicircular inclined planes r r of the bent binding-plate H, all constructed to operate as specified.

4. The slide C, having tongue c’, in combination with a, bed-plate having an inclined slot, l, as speciiied.

5. The combination of the levers D, G, and K, plates B, E, and H, and slide C, all constructed and arranged to operate as specified.

In testimony that I claim the above I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two witnesses.

WINSLOW B. GLOVER

Witnesses:
H. R. PHILBRICK,
R. M. LINDLEY.

No. 107,757 – Improvement In Planes (Timothy O. Callahan) (1870)

[paiddownloads id=”151″]107757

United States Patent Office.

TIMOTHY O. CALLAHAN, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

Letters Patent No. 107,757, dated September 27, 1870.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 107,757, dated December 18, 1870.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

all to whom these presents shall come:

Be it known that I, TIMOTHY O. CALLAHAN, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have made an invention of a new and useful Plane for Finishing Board Floors of Halls, Dwellings, Navigable Vessels, &c.; and do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, due reference being had to the accompanying drawing making part of this specification, and in which —

Figure 1 is a perspective view; and
Figure 2, a vertical, central, and longitudinal section of a plane embodying my improvements.

The stooping or crouching position now assumed, of necessity, by carpenters in planing or finishing board floors, and the time consumed in the act, have rendered the introduction of an implement similar to that herein explained of great value, the object to the accomplished being the construction of a plane that may be operated by a carpenter or laborer while in an ordinary erect walking position, the result being great economy of time, as well as lessening of fatigue on the part of the operator.

The invention consists —

First, in mounting a carpenter’s plane upon wheels or rollers, or a carriage supported upon wheels or rollers, in such manner that said plane may be easily propelled over the surface of a floor, while at work; and

Secondly, in providing a carpenter’s plane with an attenuated sloping handle, rising therefrom to such a height as to enable a person to readily grasp it, while in a standing position.

In the drawing which accompanies and constitutes part of this specification —

A represents a carpenter’s plane, the forward end of which is mounted upon wheels or rollers, b b, in order that it may be easily propelled along the floor, the rollers or their equivalents being of considerable weight, in order to insure the contact of the plane with the floor.

The iron of the plane is shown at c as confined within the throat or shaving-passage d of the plane, in part, by a screw, e, which passes through a slot, f formed centrally in the plane-iron, and screws into the rear wall of the throat d, and serves to clamp the iron to the plane.

The vertical adjustment of the plane-iron is effected by a long screw, g, which screws through a stud, h, connected to the rear side of the plane-iron, and at or near the upper part thereof, the lower end of the screw g being swiveled to a metallic plate, i, which is secured to the upper part of the plane, and in rear of its iron, the opposite or upper end of the screw being provided with a milled head, or its equivalent, by which it may be easily rotated.

The plane-iron c is not connected rigidly or immovably to the stud h before mentioned, but merely encompasses the same, consequently, by loosening the screw d, which clamps the iron to the plane, such iron may he instantly removed therefrom, free from any incumberance.

As before observed, the head of the screw g rises to such a position as to be readily seized by a workman while standing erect, or substantially so.

K in the drawing denotes an attenuated handle attached to the rear end of the plane A, and rising therefrom at an oblique angle in parallelism, or there about, with the screw g, which it should slightly overtop, and to such a height as will enable the workman, by its aid, to propel the plane over the surface of a floor in an ordinary walking position, with results and advantages before premised.

l have heretofore stated that the wheels b should possess suflicient gravity to maintain the plane in contact with the floor against irregular movements on the part of the workman, and I would here state that it may, in practice, be found desirable to add a movable weight to the forward end of the plane, in order to facilitate this object.

I would remark, further, that in place of the wheels b the plane may he mounted upon a vehicle or carriage, but I prefer, in practice, to constitute the plane its own vehicle, and the characteristic feature of my invention will be found to consist in providing a plane with a means of support by which the friction between it and the floor is greatly reduced, in addition to its prolonged handle.

As the wheels b or their equivalents are the only points of support or contact necessarily of the plane with respect to the floor, it results that the lower surface of the plane, from its throat rearward, may be sloping or curved, should such form, from any reason, be found necessary.

The merits of a plane provided with a means ol propulsion, as before stated, will be at once apparent to persons whose occupation, like my own, is that of planing floors.

The relief from the strain and unnatural position now, of necessity assumed, and the case and rapidity with which a floor may he planed hy means of my invention need no further comment.

I claim —

A carpenter’s plane, when provided with wheels or rollers and an elongated handle, K, all constructed in the manner and for the purpose herein specified.

TIMOTHY O. CALLAHAN.

Witnesses:
FRED CURTIS,
EDWARD GRIFFITH.

No. 106,808 – Improvement In Plane-Guide (Michael Garland) (1870)

[paiddownloads id=”170″]106808

United States Patent Office.

MICHAEL GARLAND, OF WEST EAU CLAIRE, WISCONSIN.

Letters Patent No. 106,808, dated August 30, 1870.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN PLANE-GUIDE.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MICHAEL GARLAND, of West Eau Claire, in the county of Eau Claire and State of Wisconsin, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Plane-Guides; and I do declare that the following is a true and accurate description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, and to the letters of relerence marked thereon, and being a part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 is an elevation of the front end of my improved plane and guide; and
Figure 2 is a longitudinal section of a part of the plane above the joints.

Like letters indicate like parts in each figure.

The nature of this invention relates to the construction of a guide-attachment to carpenters’ planes, and consists in a novel and peculiar construction of the guide, and method of attaching the same to an ordinary plane, so that the edge of a board may be jointed with perfect truth to a right angle with the side of the board, or to any bevel.

In the drawing —

A represents the body of an ordinary plane, and B, my guide, provided, at its upper edge, with two halves of a loose butt, d, with its pin engaging with an eye-bolt, C, two of which are screwed into the lower face of the plane, in line with the outer edge of the plane-iron.

A catch-spring, e, is secured in a recess at the rear of each eye-bolt, in such a manner that, when the butt-pins are hinged in the eye-bolts, the former cannot be withdrawn and disengaged from the latter, until the springs are depressed; but one spring is required to hold the guide in place, although two are preferable.

D is a circular segment secured to the front end of the guide, passing through a guide, D’, secured in the front end of the plane, and provided with a clamp-screw, d. This arrangement enables the workman to adjust and secure the guide to any desired angle with the plane, so that the edge of a board may be jointed with perfect truth to the angle set.

When not required the guide is detached, and the eye-bolts and spring removed.

I am aware of the invention of William H. Blye, for which Letters Patent of the United. States were granted to him on the 10th of April, 1849, and disclaim the same.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The plane-guide D’, provided with the clamp-screw d, in combination with the segment D, in connection with the plane A, provided with the guide B, half-butts a, eye-bolts C, and catch-springs c, when the several parts are constructed and arranged as described and shown, and for the purpose set forth.

MICHAEL GARLAND.

Witnesses:
H. F. EBERTS,
SAML. E. JONES.

No. 63,948 – Improvement In Bench Planes (Charles H. Sawyer) (1867)

[paiddownloads id=”122″]63948

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHARLES H. SAWYER, OF HOLLIS, MAINE.

Letters Patent No. 63,948, dated April 16, 1867
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH PLANES.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, CHARLES H. SAWYER, of Hellis, in the county of York, and State of Maine, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Plane Stocks; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others to make and use my invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, and in which —

Figure 1 shows a sectional elevation of my invention.

Figure 2, a plan of the top of the same.

Like letters refer to the same parts.

My invention has for its object the providing of a more convenient method than that now employed for adapting the bottom of a plane to curved surfaces, either concave or convex. In the accompanying drawings —

A shows a curved handle or stock, of the form indicated. B, fig. 1, shows a screw passing through the centre thereof and attached to the piece d. The cutting-iron, of the common form, is represented at e, and held in position by set-screws, fitting into slots therein and working into the inclined portion of the piece d. The set-screws and slots are seen at t s, fig. 2. The cutting-iron also passs through an aperture in the piece d. This is seen in fig. 1, at n. The piece d is firrnly and rigidly attached to the sheet m on its upper or inner side, at the centre thereof. The sheet m is secured to the ends of the curved handle or stock A by means of pivots or bolts, upon which it turns when bent. This is illustrated in fig. 1. The object of the piece d is to hold the end of the screw B and secure the cutting-iron in the manner above described. The space D is made in the curved stock or handle in order to admit of the insertion, adjustment, or removal of the cutting-iron e. Turning the screw B by means of the crank c, the sheet m is bent and retained in the positions indicated by the dotted lines in fig. 1, or at places intermediate between these two.

I am aware of the issue of Letters Patent to George F. Evans, but his invention is different from mine in several particulars.

I do not claim a graduating plane stock, combining, with a flexible sheet of metal for the bottom, two shanks and two set-screws for bending and retaining in position the same, and the sheet being secured at its centre to the middle of the stock, and bent at the ends thereof. I am also aware of a patent granted to the same which combines, with a bearing plate, two screws, two traversing nuts thereon, and two connecting-rods, the plate being attached to the stock, and being curved in a similar manner and at the same points as the one lirst mentioned. I do not claim such a method of imparting curvature to the plate, or the screws, traversing-nuts and connecting-rods, by which the curvature is given. My invention, further, differs from the subject of Letters Patent granted to the same, and numbered 41,983, which combines with a spring-face plate the construction of two connecting-rods and their receiving parts of the stock curved. The subject of Letters Patent granted to William A. Cole, June 6, 1848, consists of an ordinary plane with a convex face cut thereupon, to which, at the centre, is attached a metal plate, which is bent by means of slides attached to the ends thereof, said slides passing up against the front and back of the plane. I do not claim a device of this description.

The rejected application of Simon Williams, received and filed August 12,1862, describes a plane stock, wherein the metal plate is secured to the stock at the centre thereof and at the centre of the plate, and the plate is bent by means of adjusting screws turned to the right or left and bending the plate from its ends. This is dilferent from my invention in arrangement and operation, and I do not claim a device of this character. My invention is distinct from all of those above referred to, in having the flexible plate united at its ends to the ends of a curved stock, of the form delineated in the drawing, and, in both, receiving its curvature and being held at any desired curve by a vertical screw turned by a crank, and the screw being connected with the plate at the piece d.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The arrangement of the screw B, in combination with the joints or pivots by which the sheet m is connected at its ends to the ends of the handle or stock A, as and for the purposes herein described.

CHS. H. SAWYER.

Witnesses:
WILLIAM H. CLIFFORD,
HENRY C. HOUSTON.

No. 107,653 – Improvement In Tools For Cutting Wood-Moldings (Charles E. Boynton) (1870)

[paiddownloads id=”142″]107653

United States Patent Office.

CHARLES E. BOYNTON, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO
HIMSELF AND ISAAC N. VOSBURG, OF SAME PLACE.

Letters Patent No. 107,653, dated September 27, 1870.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN TOOLS FOR CUTTING WOOD-MOLDINGS.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES E. BOYNTON, of the city and county of San Francisco, State of California, have invented an Improved Fluting and Beading-Tool for Wood-Workers; and I do hereby declare the following description and accompanying drawing are sufflcient to enable any person skilled in the art or science to which it most nearly appertains to make and use my said invention or improvements without further invention or experiment.

The object of my invention is to provide an improved tool for all fluting and beading, and more especially for finishing off the corners of coach and carriage-work; and

It consists, first, in a novel construction of the beader, whereby I am enabled to form several different moldings with one bead, and to use different beads in the same handle.

It also relates to an improved manner of fastening the bender in place, and to the use of a peculiar face-plate, so that the quality of the work and the permanency of the tool are much improved.

Referring to the accompanying drawing for a more complete explanation of my invention —

A is a handle, which is made of suitable shape and size to be easily grasped by a hand at each end; and it has a slot, B, made through the middle, of sufficient size to admit the header easily and give plenty of space to clear itself of shavings.

To the under side of this handle is fixed a face-plate, C, which is made with two jaws, a a, between which the handle is set and firmly fixed.

A lip or portion of the plate, D, extends far enough out in front of the rest of the handle to make a bearing-surface, and prevent the handle from rolling in the hand. It also saves much wear.

A guide, D, projects below the face-plate, and an extension, e, of this guide, into the slot B on one side, serves as a nut for the holding-screw E.

The beader F may he constructed with any number of slots, c c, and will have as many beading or fluting-edges.

The slots fit down over the guide D far enough to allow the fluter to appear below the face-plate, when it is firmly fixed by turning up the holding-screw E.

The fluting-edges d d are formed around the circumference of a steel plate, as shown, and are made of any of the common or most useful forms. They are made in pairs, one of each pair standing upon either side of the guide, so that one or the other may be used, as the position of the work makes it most convenient.

If the beader is made with four, or six, or other number of cutting-edges, it will have the same number of slots c. Any number of beads may be fitted and employed with a single handle, but with two the workman will have ten or twelve different beads, which will usually be sufficient.

Having thus described my invention, What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. The beading-tool F, with one or more different fluters or sets of cutting-edges, d d, substantially as and for the purposes herein described.

2. The face-plate C, with its jaws a a, and lip b, substantially as and for the purpose described.

In witness that the above-deseribed invention is claimed by me, I have hereunto set my hand and seal.

CHARLES E. BOYNTON. [L. S.]

Witnesses:
M. W. ALLEN,
E. F. MOORE.

No. 106,868 – Improvement In Carpenters’ Planes (Russell Phillips) (1870)

[paiddownloads id=”171″]106868

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

RUSSELL PHILLIPS, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN CARPENTERS’ PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 106,868, dated August 30, 1870.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RUSSELL PHILLIPS, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have made an invention of a novel and useful implement which I term a Carpenter’s Combination-Plane; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, due reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, and in which —

Figure 1 is a perspective view; Fig. 2, a plan; Fig. 3, a side elevation; Fig. 4, a vertical section.

This invention combines in one implement elementary features now only found in several independent tools, the result being a great saving in space in transportation, as well as in stores and carpenters’ shops, and enabling a mechanic to obtain, at small comparative cost and in a compact and efficient form, the substitutes for several classes of planes.

I have combined in this instrument a rabbeting-plane and an expansible matching-plane, to operate on and prepare boards of various thicknesses, one side of said rabbeting-plane serving as a fence or guide to the latter, as hereinafter explained.

While this invention consists, primarily, of the combination of a rabbeting-plane and an expansible matching-plane, the latter, in turn, will be found to consist of several members, so organized as to enable one to produce a “tongued groove-connection,” called “matching stuff,” a “cross-channel,” or a “plowed groove of any desired dimensions.”

In the drawings accompanying and illustrating this description of my invention, A denotes a rabbeting-plane, substantially of ordinary construction, with the exception of the removal of the handle, and the erection, at or about its center, of a post or standard, B, which slopes forward at a slight angle, and over the iron ofthe plane, which latter is represented at C. The plane A is further distinguished from others of its class by the addition to its under side of an adjustable gage, D, which converts it into a species of plane called “fillister,” or those in which the width of the rabbet cut by the tool is governed at pleasure.

The standard B supports from its upper part a long horizontal lateral bar or arm, E, departing from it at right angles to the length of the plane, such arm supporting the two movable cutter heads or stocks, which, with their adjuncts, constitute the expansible or variable matching-plane before alluded to, the arrangement of parts, as hereinafter explained, being such that both cutter-heads may be moved together or singly upon the arm and away from the rabbeting-plane A, or toward and away from each other thereupon, the side ofthe rabbeting-plane next adjacent to the said cutter-heads serving, under all circumstances, as a gage or “fence,’ so called, to the matching-plane.

The main or primary cutter-carrier is shown at F in the drawings as composed of a plate or portion, a, sliding upon or against the rear side of the arm E, and connned to such arm, upon which it slides, by clamp-nuts and bolts b b, or their equivalents, the inner end of the said plate a terminating in a right-angular bend or head, c, carrying upon its face the “spur or scoring iron,” such spur-iron a’ being secured in position thereupon by side projections or hooks, e e, and a set-screw, f, as represented, and performing the duties of preparing the way for either one or both of the matching cutters, as the case may be.

Upon the front or inner face of the cutter-carrier F or its cutter-head c, I apply a flat plate or second cutter-head, g, this latter object sliding vertically upon the head c, and being confined thereto by a set-screw or other device. The cutter-head g carries upon its inner face a cutter or iron, h, for cutting or plowing a groove, the relationship of the two cutter-heads being such that the head g may be lowered into a working position, or elevated above the same, while the cutter It may be raised or lowered with respect to its head, according to the depth of cut required, it being understood, as before stated, that when the said cutter (or its companion, to be duly referred to) is at work the side or fence i of the rabbeting-plane A serves as a guide or gage to determine the width of the cut thus made.

The iron or cutter It is composed of an upright flat plate, the lower part of which is bent into an angular sloping portion, which, constitutes its cutting-edge, the cutter by this means saving the necessity of employing two spurs to prepare its way, while the lower edge of the head g serves as a “sword,” so called, to determine the thickness of the shaving cut by the said cutter.

The cutter h, may be employed alone, in connection with the rabbeting-plane, to cut a channel, whether such groove be an ordinary cross-groove or the groove required to receive the tongue of the next adjacent board in “matching stuff,” or the said cutter may be employed in connection with the cutter to cut away one side of the tongue used in said operation of matching stuff; or, again, should occasion require, the cutter or iron h may be lowered and work in conjunction with the rabbeting-plane A, thus cutting at one and the same time a rabbet and groove or channel.

The second cutter, before mentioned, is shown at j in the accompanying drawings as mounted upon the inner face of a second cutter-head, k, which makes part of a carrier, l, mounted and sliding upon the first carrier, F, and confined thereto, by clamp-nuts or set-screws, in any proper manner, it being observed that the construction and relationship of this latter cutter-carrier and head with respect to the former being substantially the same as the former in respect to the arm or support E, before mentioned, it being observed that while the cutter or tool may be moved toward or away from the rabbeting-plane, for the purpose of cutting channels of varying width, the two cutters may be separated or contracted, in order to cut a tongue of any given width up to a certain extent.

Upon the outer or remote side ofthe second cutter-head, k, is disposed an adjustable gage for determining the depth of the cut made by either one or both the cutters h or j, (in connection with the rabbeting-plane as a side gage,) to produce a cross-channel or plow a groove.

As it becomes necessary to produce a sword to regulate the thickness of the shaving cut by the second cutter or iron, j, I form it (the sword) upon the under side of a fiat plate, o, which in turn is suspended from the under side of the carrier l, applied adjustably thereto, and confined in place by set-screws or their equivalents, in order that the lateral position of the said sword with respect to the said cutter j may be varied, as it sometimes becomes desirable that this sword shall travel in the center, or thereabout, of the groove or channel formed by such cutter.

Upon the upper side of the rear extremity of the sword, which is shown at p, or its supporting-plate o, I mount the handle of the combination-instrument, such handle being represented at q in the drawings.

An instrument constructed and organized as above explained may be used as a rabbeting-plane, or fillister simply.

By lowering the cutter h, to the proper extent and employing the side of the rabbeting-plane as a guide or gage, a cross-channel may be cut or a groove may be plowed.

By lowering the second cutter, j , and adjusting the distance between the two to the width of tongue required in machine-stuff, such tongue will be cut to any desired gage, or, as before stated, the second cutter, j, maybe employed alone, in connection with the spur-iron a’, to cut a channel or groove.

For extreme variations in the extent of cuts made by my present invention, I shall adapt cutters of varying widths; but it will be evident that considerable variations maybe made without removing the cutter at the time in use.

In the use of the rabbeting-plane alone, the cutter-head c should be inverted end for end to serve as a gage.

Although I have in the present instance represented one of the cutter-carriers as supported and sliding upon the arm E and the other carrier applied in similar manner to the first, I would remark that I intend applying each carrier by itself to the bed or frame of the tube.

I claim —

The herein-described carpenter’s plane.

RUSSELL PHILLIPS.

Witnesses:
EDW. GRIFFITH,
FRED. CURTIS.

No. 105,767 – Improvement In Bench-Plane (Joseph R. Bailey) (1870)

[paiddownloads id=”168″]105767

United States Patent Office.

JOSEPH R. BAILEY, OF WOONSOCKET, RHODE ISLAND, ASSIGNOR TO
HIMSELF AND SELDEN A. BAILEY, OF SAME PLACE.

Letters Patent No. 105,767, dated July 26, 1870.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH R. BAILEY, of Woonsocket, in the county of Providence and in the State of Rhode Island, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the annexed drawing making part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved bench-plane.
Figure 2 is a transverse section thereof.

Corresponding letters refer to identical parts in both figures.

This invention relates to bench-planes; and

The improvement consists in providing the wooden stock with a metallic sole, as will be more fully set forth hereinafter.

To enable those skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction more specifically.

Bench-planes, the stocks of which are made of wood, are liable to warp when exposed to dampness, even if made of thoroughly seasoned wood, and the wearing-surface is also often worn away more rapidly in some parts than in others, so that the workman, if he wants er must have a good and accurate plane, is obliged to level its under surface from time to time.

It has been my object to obviate this necessity by arming the under surface of the wooden stock A by a metallic sole, B, extending the entire length of the stock, and provided at the proper point with a transverse throat, through which the cutting-edge of the bit C projects, the latter being provided with a sliding cap, and both being secured in the stock by a key, D, in the ordinary manner.

The stock has also a handle, A’, as usual.

In order to make this sole perfectly smooth and level on its under surface, and prevent scratching of the wood by projecting points, which projections or unevenesses might be formed if it were screwed to the bottom of the stock, I propose to bend the sole to form a vertical flange, B’, on each side, to embrace the sides of such stock, to which they are secured by screws b, as shown.

I prefer steel as a material for this sole, on account of its hardness, but other and softer metals may be employed.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

A bench-plane, provided with a metallic sole, B, with flanges B’, through which said sole is fastened to the stock by means of screws, or their equivalents, substantially as described.

The above specification signed by me this 12th day of June, 1870.

JOSEPH R. BAILEY.

Witnesses:
MARQUIS D. L. MOURY,
ALBERT G. ROBINSON.

No. 105,766 – Improvement In Box-Scraper (Joseph R. Bailey) (1870)

[paiddownloads id=”167″]105766

United States Patent Office.

JOSEPH R. BAILEY, OF WOONSOCKET, RHODE ISLAND, ASSIGNOR TO
HIMSELF AND SELDEN A. BAILEY, OF SAME PLACE.

Letters Patent No. 105,766, dated July 26, 1870.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN BOX-SCRAPER.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH R. BAILEY, of Woonsocket, in the county of Providence, and in the State of Rhode Island, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Scrapers; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof; reference being had to the annexed drawing making part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the scraper.
Figure 2 is a longitudinal section thereof.
Figure 3 shows a scraper with the cap left off.

The same letters are used in all the figures to indicate identical parts.

This invention relates to that class of devices usually termed box or barrel-scrapers; and

My improvement consists in the application of an eccentric or curved rod for holding the bit in position; and, also, in combining with the bit and eccentric rod a cap or iron plate to be inserted between the two, for the purpose of holding the bit more firmly, as well as to prevent slipping of the same in turning the rod down to secure it, as will be more fully set forth in the following description and claim:

To enable those skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

In the annexed drawing —

A represents the stock, terminating at one end in the shank a to enter the wooden handle A1, in which it is secured in the usual manner.

The other end of the stock is to be shaped substantially as shown, forming a frame, A2, for the reception of the bit, the transverse end af of which has the proper inclination to throw the bit, when inserted, into an advantageous position for cutting or shaving.

The lower end ofthe frame has a narrow throat, through which the edge of the bit projects and the shavings pass.

B is the bit, such as is now commonly used in planes.

The bit is secured in the frame by means of the rod C, which has its bearings in the sides of the frame, and, passing through one side, is turned upward at an angle terminating in a thumb-piece, c, by which to turn it.

By reference to fig. 1, it will be observed that the portion of the rod within the frame A2 is slightly curved, so that, when its handle is turned up to the position shown there, it will press upon the bit, or its cap, for the purpose of forcing such bit firmly against the end a’ of the frame, and thus hold it in position; said end a’ being made slightly concave upon its inner surface.

To hold the bit more firmly than can be done by the curved or eccentric rod alone, as well as to prevent slipping of the bit in seeming it by turning the rod, I provide a cap, D, a metallic plate to be inserted between the bit and rod, its lower edge being beveled, as shown. Although this cap is not an essential part of the scraper, I prefer in most cases to use it, for the reasons stated.

The principal advantage which this scraper possesses over others of the same type, consists in the fact that the bit, being not slotted, can be used up until it becomes too short to be secured.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The box-scraper, consisting of the frame A2 with a shank or handle, knife B, and curved or eccentric rod C for holding the latter in position, either with or without the cap D, substantially as described.

The above specification signed by

JOSEPH R. BAILEY.

Witnesses:
WALTER DUNKERLY,
CHARLES F. PAGE.

No. 102,966 – Improvement In Carpenters’ Planes (Zephaniah Phillips) (1870)

[paiddownloads id=”166″]102966

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ZEPHANIAH PHILLIPS, OF DIXON, ILLINOIS.

IMPROVEMENT IN CARPENTERS’ PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 102,966, dated May 10, 1870.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Z. PHILLIPS, of Dixon, in the county of Lee and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carpenters’ Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

The nature of my invention consists, first, in so constructing a plane-iron that the bit can be raised and lowered at will by means of a thumb-nut without removing the hand from its natural position; and second, in so constructing a plane-iron that the bit can be tightened or loosened at will by means of a thumb-nut without removing the hand from its natural position.

In order to enable others skilled in the art to which my invention appertains to make and use the same, I will now proceed to describe its construction and operation, referring to the annexed drawings, in which —

Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of my planing-iron, and Fig. 2 is a front view of the fork which tightens the bit.

A represents the usual wood part or stock of a plane, having a V-shaped aperture for the insertion of the bit B. Immediately in rear of this aperture, on top of the stock A, is secured an inclined rest, C, provided with a forked projection, a, to hold the thumb-nut on the bit.

The bit B is provided at its upper end with a shank, D, having screw-threads, and a thumb-nut, b, placed on the same. The thumb-nut b is grooved, so as to pass into and be held by the forked projection a.

In small planes the rest C, with the nut D, may be used as a handle, but in larger planes the handle would be placed close to the said rest, so that the operator can, without removing his hand from the handle, turn the thumb-nut b in either direction, and consequently raise or lower the bit.

The bit B is tightened or loosened at will by the following means: A fork, E, provided with a screw-shank, G, is passed down through an inclined slot in the stock A in front of the aperture through which the bit is passed, the ends of the fork resting upon the bit, as shown in Fig. 1. On the screw-shank G is placed a thumb-nut, d, which is grooved and held in a forked rest, e, on the stock. By turning the thumb-nut d in one direction the fork E will be lowered, so as to bear against the bit and tighten the same, and by turning said nut in the opposite direction the fork is raised and the bit loosened, which all can be accomplished without the operator having to remove his left hand from the usual position on the plane.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. The fork E, when constructed and arranged to operate in the manner and for the purpose set forth.
2. In combination with the fork E, bit B, when constructed and arranged to operate as and for the purpose described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ZEPHANIAH PHILLIPS.

Witnesses:
GEO. CURKENDALL,
D. H. LAW.

No. 102,630 – Improvement In Attaching Handles To Joiners’ Plows (Charles H. Weigle) (1870)

[paiddownloads id=”165″]102630

United States Patent Office.

CHARLES H. WEIGLE, OF YORK, PENNSYLVANIA.

Letters Patent No. 102,630, dated May 3, 1870.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN ATTACHING HANDLES TO JOINERS’ PLOWS.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES H. WEIGLE, of York, in the county of York and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Removable Handles for Joiners’ Plows and Arm-Fillisters; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 represents a side view of my invention, partly in section.
Figure 2 is a horizontal section of the same, taken in the line x x, fig. 1.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts.

This invention relates to a new and useful mode of applying handles to joiners’ plows and arm-fillisters, whereby said implements may be used with a handle, and with far greater facility than hitherto, the handle being readily detached when the tool is not required ibr use, and is to be stowed away.

The invention consists in having a dovetail install-socket secured in the rear of the stock of the tool, and having the front edge of the handle provided with a dovetail metallic nib to fit into the socket, as hereinafter fully shown and described, whereby the desired end is attained.

A represents a portion of the stock of an ordinary joiners’ plane, and B is a metallic dovetail socket, which is let in the rear end of the stock, and secured in position by screws a.

C represents a wooden handle, which is constructed similarly to a saw-handle, and has a metallic rib, D, secured to its front side, said rib having a dovetail at its front part to fit into the socket B.

By this means the handle may be readily fitted to the plow, and also readily detached therefrom.

One handle will answer for a number of different tools, if they are all provided with a socket, B; and, when a plow is not in use, the handle may be detached, and the former put away without monopolizing any more room than usual.

I am aware that a patent was issued to W. S. Loughbrongh, April 4, 1854, having a similar object in view, and I therefore disclaim as any part of my invention all features of construction found therein.

Having thus described my invention,

I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

The metal dovetail socket B, secured by screws as in a recess in the rear end of the wooden stock A of the plane, and adapted to receive the rib D on the front edge of the handle C, all as shown and described.

CHAS. H. WEIGLE.

Witnesses:
WILLIAM DENULY,
JOHN B. WENTZ.

No. 102,406 – Improvement In Plane-Stock (Julius Katz) (1870)

[paiddownloads id=”164″]102406

United States Patent Office.

JULIUS KATZ, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

Letters Patent No. 102,406, dated April 26, 1870.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN PLANE-STOCK.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

I, JULIUS KATZ, of Cincinati, Hamilton county, Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Plane-Stocks, of which the following is a specification.

Nature and Objects of the Invention.

My invention relates to an improved facing device for wood-workers’ plane-stocks.

General Description with Reference to the Drawings.

Figure 1 is a perspective under-side view of a plane-stock. embodying my improvement.
Figure 2 is a partly-sectionized side elevation thereof.
Figures 3, 4, and 5 are transverse sections at the lines X X, Y Y, Z Z, respectively.

I make the entire under surface of my improved plane-stock to consist of blocks or strips of bone, ivory, or similar hard organic substance, glued together in two pieces or slabs, A and B, of which the slab A, in rear of the throat C, fits, and occupies a dovetail excavation, D, on the under side of the wooden portion Z of the stock, to which it is firmly glued.

The component strips a and b of either slab are also firmly glued together, and additionally secured together by screws E.

The slab B, instead of being immovably fastened to the stock, is made capable of a slight longitudinal adjustment, and, for this purpose, is surmounted by a bolt or stern, F, which, extending upward through a slot, H, in the plane-stock, is secured by a nut, G, on the top of the stock.

Of the strips which compose the shiftable piece, B, the two outside ones, b’ b’, project rearward from the others, and enter jogs or gains a’ in the slab A.

Claim.

I claim herein as new and of my invention —

Facing a plane-stock with a congeries of strips of bone or like substance, glued and screwed together and fastened to the stock proper in the manner set forth.

In testimony of which invention I hereunto set my hand.

JULIUS KATZ.

Witnesses:
GEO. H. KNIGHT,
JAMES H. LAYMAN.

No. 99,275 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Louis D. Tredway) (1870)

[paiddownloads id=”163″]99275

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

LOUIS D. TREDWAY, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 99,275, dated January 25, 1870.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LOUIS D. TREDWAY, of the city and county of St. Louis, and State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which make a part of this specification, and in which —

Figure 1 represents a view in perspective of a plane embracing my improvements. Fig. 2 represents a vertical longitudinal section thereof. Fig. 3 represents a bottom view of the plane. Fig. 4 represents a view in perspective of the metallic shoe detached from the plane.

My improvements consist in the employment of a front adjusting-screw, in connection with a double-socketed boss projecting from the metallic shoe, and a vertical clamping-screw, whereby the said metallic shoe is not only adjusted to regulate the fineness of the cut, but held by said adjusting-screw, so as to prevent its being forced back against the edge of the bit, which would be the case if such adjustment simply depended upon the vertical clamp-screw; in constructing the metallic shoe with projections on each side thereof contiguous to the bit, for the purpose of forming a brace and guide to the lower end of the bit and a support to the throat end of the plate, which, in connection with the adjusting-screw, allows the said metallic shoe to be adjusted and held always in a line parallel with a line drawn through the center of the plane; and in beveling that edge of the metallic shoe adjacent to the bit, so as to maintain an angle of about ninety degrees with reference to the bit, for the purpose of allowing the throat of the plane to clear itself more rapidly of shavings and effectually prevent choking.

In the accompanying drawings, A represents the stock of the plane, constructed and provided with a bit, B, in the usual manner.

The metallic shoe D is fitted in a recess, D, made on the under side of the front portion of the plane, and extends from the end thereof to the edge of the bit B. It is provided with a boss, E,which extends within a cavity made in the stock A, so as to allow it to be adjusted nearer to or farther from the bit, and fitted l I with a screw-socket, a, to receive a vertical screw, F, by which the shoe C is clamped when adjusted. It is also provided with a screw-socket, b, in its front side, into which a horizontal adjusting-screw, G, is inserted. The head c of this screw G is secured within a thimble, H, countersunk in the front end of the stock A, by means of the shoulders formed by the head c on one side and a pin, d, on the other side of the thimble, passing through the screw G, so as to lock it therewith. This screw not only serves to adjust the metallic shoe C, but serves to brace it against any movement toward the cutting-bit B. This is especially advantageous, because the vertical clamping-screw F is liable to become loose, and is not sufficient to clamp the metallic shoe against the thrust of the plane when brought into sudden contact with a knot or other hard resistance in the timber. Neither is it sufficient to resist the tendency of the shoe to be forced backward against the edge of the bit in “backing the plane.” The adjusting screw G therefore avoids injury to the bit at all times by preventing its contact with the shoe C, which would be the case if the clamp-screw only were used. The inner edge of this metallic shoe C is cut out or made with a recess, D, for the reception of the cutting-edge of the bit B in such a manner as to leave an arm or projection, I, at each end thereof, and the space between these arms is just equal to the width of the bit, for the double purpose of forming a guide and support to the cutting end of the bit and lateral supports to the inner end of the shoe, for it will be seen that when the bit is placed between the arms I of the shoe its lower portion can have no transverse movement whatever, but must present a straight edge to the bottom of the plane, as the arms of the shoe form stops thereto on either side. Neither can the inner end of the plate have any side movement, because the arms are locked with the bit. This result could not be obtained without these supporting-arms, because the sides of the throat are liable to constant wear.

The end of the recessed portion D of the shoe C is beveled inward, as represented at J, so as to present an angle to the face of the bit of ninety degrees, more or less, and as this bevel opens into the throat K of the plane, it effectually prevents clogging, which would not be the case if the end of the shoe were att right angles to its face.

The head of the vertical clamp-screw F is fitted within a thimble on the upper side of the stock A, which is provided with a slot, L, to allow the screw-bolt which passes through it into the boss E, to move with the adjustment of the metallic shoe, and this screw must be unclamped whenever it is necessary to turn the adjusting-screw, and when the shoe is adjusted it is again clamped.

These improvements adapt the plane to perform the service of an entire set of bench-planes, and by them I am enabled to work a single-iron plane without a cap on the bit, and to do better and finer work than the ordinary plane with the cap, and with less labor.

Having described my invention, I claim —

The metallic face-plate C, constructed as described, in combination with the vertical clamping-screw F, the horizontal front adjusting and bracing screw, G, and the fixed thimble H, the whole constructed and arranged as described.

LOUIS D. TREDWAY.

Witnesses:
THOMAS KEYES,
F. D. LOVELL.

No. 99,137 – Improvement In Joiners’ Planes (George Cyrus Beckwith) (1870)

[paiddownloads id=”162″]99137

United States Patent Office.

GEORGE CYRUS BECKWITH, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

Letters Patent No. 99,137, dated January 25, 1870.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN JOINERS’ PLANES.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE CYRUS BECKWITH, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk, and State of Massachusetts, have made a new and useful Invention, having reference to Joiners’ Planes; and do hereby declare the same to be fully described in the following specification, and represented in the accompanying drawings, of which —

Figure 1 is a top view;
Figure 2, a side elevation;
Figure 3, an end view; and
Figure 4, a longitudinal section of a joiners’ plane, containing my invention.

This plane has a stock, capable of being expanded and contracted, for the purpose of adapting it to hold plane-irons or cutters, and throat-pieces, of different sizes or widths. lt also has a new and peculiar mechanism for holding the plane-iron or cutter in place in the stock and throat-piece.

The stock is mainly composed of two jaws A B, the handle C being affixed to one of them, viz, that marked A.

Screws a a go through holes made in the jaw B, and screw into projections b b, extended from the jaw A.

Furthermore, a duplex thumb-screw, D, goes through the upper parts of the middles of the two jaws, and over the plane-iron or cutter E, which, with a wooden base-plate or throat-piece, F, is arranged between the two jaws, in manner as represented.

The duplex thumb-screw has two screw-threads c d, which are pitched or run in opposite directions, relatively to one another, one being what is usually termed “a right-hand screw,” and the other “a left-hand screw.”

One of these screws is screwed into the jaw-plate A, and the other into the jaw-plate B, the whole being so that a person, by revolving the duplex screw in one direction, will cause the jaw-plates to recede from one another, and, by turning the said screw in the opposite direction, will cause the two plates or jaws to approach one another. The screws a a serve to compress the jaws upon a throat-piece, when placed between them.

For better supporting a throat-piece by the jaws, I usually make each of the latter with a tongue, f, projecting from its inner side, such tongue being to enter a corresponding groove, g, made in the next adjacent edge of the throat-piece. This throat-piece may have a flat bottom, or it may have a bottom formed like that of any common moulding-plane.

It is intended, by my invention, to have a series of throat-pieces of different widths, and also to have a series of plane-irons or cutters, and cap-irons, to correspond with such, the same being to enable a joiner with one stock, and such a series of throat-pieces and plane-irons, and cap-irons, to compose such a plane as his necessities may require front time to time, whether such be a plane for moulding, or for plane-surface work.

The throat-piece F has a chip-throat, h, made through it, such being to receive the plane-iron or cutter E, and the cap-iron H.

For the support of the plane-iron, the two jaw-plates are provided with rebated ledges, one of which is shown at i, in fig. 4.

Furthermore, a stud, k, extends from the inner face of each jaw-plate, in manner as shown in figs. 1 and 4. These studs serve as bearings or fulcra for the cap-plate, which is passed underneath both of them, and, at its lower part, rests on the plane-iron or cutter.

There is, between the two screws of the thumb-screw D, an arm, l, which turns freely on the shank of the screw, or is pivoted to the screw, so as to be capable of turning up and down thereon.

A cammed lever, L, jointed to the said arm, either bears upon the plane-iron, or upon a spring, n, projected from the rear part of the arm, and resting on the plane-iron.

By pressing down the tail or handle o of the cammed lever L, the arm I will be elevated against the cap-iron, and the cam p of the lever will be forced against the plane-iron, and thus, by means of the iron and the cammed lever, and the supports of the plane-iron and the cap-iron, such plane-iron and cap-iron may be fastened simultaneously in place in the stock and throat-piece.

In the above-described plane, I claim, as my invention, the following, viz:

The stock, as composed of the two jaws A B, and their clamping and expanding dowels or screws a a D, substantially as set forth, in combination with a separate throat-piece, F, as explained.

Also, the combination of the arm Z and the cammed lever L, applied to the duplex extension-screw D, and arranged with the plane-cutter E and the cap~iron H, as explained.

GEORGE CYRUS BECKWITH.

Witnesses :
R. H. EDDY,
S. N. PIPER.

No. 98,475 – Improvement In Spoke-Shave (Joshua Davies) (1870)

[paiddownloads id=”161″]98475

United States Patent Office.

JOSHUA DAVIES, OF MUSKEGON, MICHIGAN.

Letters Patent No. 98,475, dated January 4, 1870.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN SPOKE-SHAVE.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSHUA DAVIES, of Muskegon, in the county of Muskegon, and State of Michigan, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Spoke-Shaves; and I do declare that the following is a true and accurate description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, and being a part of this specification, in which the drawing is a rear elevation.

The nature of this invention relates to an improvement in that class of wood-working tools, known as spoke-shaves, and consists in constructing the same with an adjustable guide-gauge, so that the tool may be guided to plane square, or any desired angle.

In the drawing —

A represents a spoke-shave, provided with the usual bit B.
C is a pair of lugs, cast on the handle of the spoke-shave, in line with the throat, which extends their length.

Between these lugs is pivoted a guide-gauge, D, which is adjustable so as to direct the cut of the bit at right angles thereto, and to form a polygonal surface, it having a sweep of forty-five degrees for that purpose, and is secured by screw a passing through its quadrant b, into the lug E, which is cast on the spoke-shave, as shown.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The spoke-shave A, having cast therewith the lugs E and C, and having pivoted, in the latter, the guide-gauge D, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

JOSHUA DAVIES.

Witnesses :
H. S. SPRAGUE,
M. VAN ALLEN.

No. 98,108 – Improvement In Carpenters Plow (Royal B. Rice) (1869)

[paiddownloads id=”159″]98108

United States Patent Office.

ROYAL B. RICE, OF WILLIAMSBURG, MASSACHUSETTS.

Letters Patent No. 98,108, dated December 21, 1869.

_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN CARPENTERS’ PLOW.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROYAL B. RICE, of Williamsburg, in the county of Hampshire, und State of Massachusetts, have made and invented n new and useful Improvement in Carpenters’ Matching-Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, und exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed druwings, making a part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane embodying my improvement.
Figure 2, a detached end elevation of the plate in which is arranged the coulter.
Figure 3, at side elevation of the coulter detached from the plate,
Figure 4, at plan of the coulter inverted.
Figures 6 and 7, side and edge elevations of at tool for removing the coulter irom the plate.
In the accompanying drawings —

The part marked a represents the wood or body.
b, the fence.
c, the plate.
d, the bit.
e, the key.
f, the screw-knob, by turning which the foot g is raised or depressed, and the depth of the furrow thereby regulated.

h h’ are screws, provided with nuts i i’, also with corresponding nuts on the opposite side of the wood a, whereby is regulated the distance of the fence b from the plate c.

My invention consists in so constructing and arranging at coulter, with reference to the bit or iron d, that in “touguing” or “grooving” lumber, the edges of the shavings to be removed by the bit d shall have been previously cut by the coulter k, greatly facilitating such operations.

In practice, I make the coulter k of a rectangular form, providing the same with depending cutting-lips m m’, end with rebates n n’‘. In the plate c, I cut a notch, wherein I arrange the coulter, as in figs. 1 and 2. The coulter k is held in piece simply by fitting the notch in plate c snugly.

The lips m m, being lower than the bit d, first out the edges of the shavings, which are then removed by said bit.

The essence of my invention is the combination of the lips m m’ with the bit d.

By means of the tool represented in figs. 6 and 7 , the coulter k may be easily removed ffom plate c, and other coulters inserted to correspond with bits (d) of different widths that may be used in the same wood a.

Thus having described the construction and operation of my invention,

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The coulter k, constructed and arranged with reference to bit d, as herein specified.

ROYAL B. RICE.

Witnesses:
T. M. CARTER,
J. B. GLEASON.

No. 97,802 – Improvement In Spoke-Shave (Joseph A. Perley) (1869)

[paiddownloads id=”157″]97802

United States Patent Office.

JOSEPH A. PERLEY, OF LYNN, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR T0 HIMSELF AND WILLIAM H. PERLEY, OF SAME PLACE.

Letters Patent No. 97,802, dated November 14, 1869.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN SPOKE-SHAVE.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

To all persons to whom these presents may come:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH A. PERLEY, of Lynn, of the county of Essex, and State of Massachusetts, have made a new and useful invention, having reference to Spoke and Heel-Shaves; and I do hereby declare the same to be fully described in the following specification, and represented in the accompanying drawings, of which —

Figure 1 is a top view,
Figure 2 a bottom view, and
Figure 3, a transverse section of a heel-shave, as provided with my invention, which consists in the combination and arrangement of a double-edged or duplex knife, two adjustable throat-pieces, and the two handles, the whole being substantially as hereinafter explained, and also as exhibited in the said drawings.

In such drawings —

A A denotes the two handles of the implement.

The duplex knife, shown at B, has two cutting-edges, arranged as shown at b b, it being fastened, by means of screws c c, to the handles A A, so as to form with them a stock.

Each of these handles is shaped or provided with inclined beds d d at its inner part, to receive and give support to the next adjacent ends or parts of two movable bars or throat-pieces, C C, which are fastened to the handles by clamp-screws e e e e, that screw into the throat-pieces, and pass through slots f f f f, made in the handles transversely thereof.

With the double-edged knife, and the handles and two throat-pieces constructed and combined or arranged as represented, one of the knife-edges, with its throat-piece, may be adjusted to make a “fine cut,” and the other knife-edge and throat-piece may be arranged to make a coarser or coarse cut, the same admitting of the implement being used both for paring down, or rough cutting and for finishing a heel, a work usually accomplished heretofore by two separate shaves or implements.

I claim the combination of the two handles, the double-edged knife, and the two throat-pieces, substantially in manner as specified.

JOSEPH A. PERLEY.

Witnesses:
R. H. EDDY,
S. N. PIPER.

No. 97,328 – Improvement In Carpenters’ Plows (Harmon Vanbuskirk) (1869)

[paiddownloads id=”156″]97328

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

HARMON VANBUSKIRK, OF VIENNA, MICHIGAN.

IMPROVEMENT IN CARPENTERS’ PLOWS.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 97,328, dated November 30, 1869; antedated November 21, 1869.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARMON VANBUSKIRK, of Vienna, in the county of Genesee and State of Michigan, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Plow-Planes for Carpenters’ Use; and I do declare that the following is a true and acurate description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, and being a part of this specification.

The nature of this invention relates to an improvement in the construction of plow-planes for the use of carpenters and joiners, by means of which the implement maybe set for use more accurately and readily than when constructed in the ordinary manner; and it consists in the employment of a right-and-left-hand screw, and a suitable guide, and arms secured to said guide and passing through the stock.

In the drawings, A represents the stock, and B the guide, which are both constructed in the usual manner.

C are the arms, rigidly secured at one end to the guide, while the opposite ends are inserted into and pass through proper holes through the stock, which holes should be of the size of the arms, allowing them to slide freely through said holes without play.

D is a right-and-left hand screw, provided with small hand-wheel a in its longitudinal center. Suitable female screws are cut through the body A and guide B, which engage with either end of this screw.

E are set-screws passing downward through the top of the body, and are intended, when the tool is set for use, to impinge on the arms and prevent the same from slipping.

The right-and-left-hand screw may be made of wood or metal, as may be most desirable.

In plow-planes of the usual construction the arms are both provided with suitable screw-threads and nuts, rendering it necessary for the operator to adjust both ends of the implement separately, requiring considerable skill and time. With my improvement the proper set is obtained by the one screw, and the operator saves time and trouble.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The right-and-left-hand screw D, when used in the construction of carpenters’ plow-planes, as herein described, in combination with stock A and guide B, all operating substantially as herein set forth.

HARMON VANBUSKIRK.

Witnesses:
JAS. I. DAY,
THOS. S. SPRAGUE.

No. 97,177 – Improvement In Carpenters’ Grooving-Plane (Theodore Duval) (1869)

[paiddownloads id=”155″]97177

United States Patent Office.

THEODORE DUVAL, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

Letters Patent No. 97,177, dated November 23, 1869.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN CARPENTERS’ GROOVING-PLANE.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THEODORE DUVAL, of Hartford, county of Hartford, and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful improvements in “Dadoes” or Grooving-Tool, (commonly called a “dado,”) for forming grooves in wood below the surface; and to enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same, I will proceed to describe it, referring to the drawings, in which the same letters indicate like parts in each of the figures.

The nature of this invention consists in constructing a joiners’ or carpenters’ grooving-tool, commonly called a “dado,” in two parts, so that the two parts may be easily and quickly adjusted relatively to each other, that a groove or grooves may be formed therewith of various widths.

These “dadoes,” as usually made by tool-makers, are kept on sale by tool-vendors, classified as moulding-tools, are made of various widths, to out or form grooves of certain widths, each tool for each width.

The object of this invention is to produce in one tool all that is required to form grooves of several different widths, or of any particular width, according to the thickness of a shelf, or other purpose for which said grooves may be required.

In the accompanying drawings —

Figure 1 is a face view of a “dado” constructed after this improvement.
Figure it is an end view.
Figure 3 is a cross-section view, showing how the two parts are expanded or contracted to form a groove of any given or desired width.

a, the “dado”-stocks, made in two parts, each of which parts is constructed very much in the common way of making “dadoes.”

These two parts are held in uniform relative positions with each other, and expanded or contracted to the width it is desirable the tool shall out, by means of adjusting-screws f.

d are metallic plates, fitted into depressions formed in the outsides, near the ends, and fiush with the surface of the stock. These plates are firmly secured by screws to the stock.

The plates upon one side of the tool are provided with hubs e, through which the screws f are fitted to turn in and out closely and freely.

The screws f pass through the plates d and stock, and are held in a fixed position against an endwise increment by a collar, g, recessed into and flush with the inside surface of the stock, thence the screw passes into the hubs e.

The screws f pass through the plates d and stock, into the hubs e.

The cutting-iron, gauge, or stops which regulate the depth of the groove to be cut by the tool, the spurs tor cutting the width of the groove, are all constructed very much in the common way.

Now, it will be seen that with the use of this “dado” or grooving-tool, I am enabled to adjust the double or two parts so that the grooves may be made therewith of any desirable width, thus accomplishing with one tool what heretofore has required several tools, or, in other words, has heretofore required a tool for each width of groove to be formed.

I believe I have thus shown the nature, construction, and advantage of this invention, so as to enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same therefrom.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

As an article of manufacture, a “dado” or grooving-plane for carpenters’ use, when constructed in two parts, and made adjustable in the manner substantially as shown and described, and for the purpose specified.

THEODORE DUVAL [L. S.] his X mark

Witnesses:
N.C. WILDER,
JEREMY W. BLISS.