Tag: Massachusetts

No. 984,610 – Dado-Plane (Henry Smiley) (1911)

[paiddownloads id=”677″]984610

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

HENRY SMILEY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

DADO-PLANE.

_________________

984,610. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Feb. 21, 1911.
Application filed November 30, 1909. Serial No. 530,706.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY SMILEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dado-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to that class of groove cutting planes usually termed dado planes, and it has for its object the effecting of the improvements in details of construction hereinafter set forth.

Referring to the drawings forming part of this specification, Figure 1 is a side view of a plane made in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a side view of the metallic part thereof, the wooden section forming part thereof being represented as removed. Fig. 3 is an edge view of the plane from beneath. Fig. 3a is an end view of the blade-engaging block. Fig. 3b is an end view of the blade-wedge. Fig. 4 is a transverse section on the dotted line X–X in Fig. 1; this and the following views being on a slightly larger scale than the preceding. Fig. 5 is a transverse section on the dotted line Y–Y in Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal vertical section of a part of the plane showing the gage for permitting adjustment of the depth to which the plane can cut. Fig. 7 is a similar view but from the opposite side. Fig. 8 is a side elevation of a portion of the plane from a point opposite to that from which Fig. 1 is taken. Fig. 9 is a transverse sectional view of the plane through the center of the grooving cutters. Fig. 10 is a perspective view of said grooving cutters. Fig. 11 is a face view of the cutting blade of the plane. Fig. 12 is a face view of one of the U-shaped locking devices.

The plane comprises two main parts, one of metal containing the operating members, and the other of wood or the like inclosing said members at one side and having the handle 1. Said metallic portion consists of the thin plate 3 from which rise certain ribs and also the bosses 4 into which are tapped the screws 5 by means of which said wooden part 6 is secured to said metallic part.

The blade 7, shown in Figs. 2 and 11, rests against the rib-section 8 and also against the adjusting block 9, being made to share the longitudinal movement of the latter by means of one of its transverse grooves 10 into which projects the rib 11 of said block. This block is moved along the surface of the inclined rib 12 by means of the adjusting screw 13; the latter being turned by its head 14, and held against longitudinal displacement by bearing 15 and the U-shaped locking device 16 located in a transverse slot in said bearing and engaging an annular groove 17 in the screw. Fig. 12 shows this locking device in face view, while Fig. 9 shows a duplicate of the same in section. Above the cutting edge of said blade 7 is a shaving-deflector mouth 18, which, as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, is so conformed as to perfectly eject all the shavings ploughed up by said blade. As indicated by Fig. 1, said mouth is substantially horse-shoe shaped vertically, while, as in Fig. 3 it is trumpet shaped laterally, thereby performing the function above set forth. Said blade is clamped in place by the vertically moved triangular block 19, the means for its movement being the thumb-screw 20 turning in the bearing 21 and held from longitudinal displacementby the U-shaped lock 16a, a duplicate of that illustrated by Fig. 12. As shown in Fig. 2, the nose of this clamping block 19 comes quite close to the cutting end of the blade 7, and the entire length, nearly, of said blade is so tightly pressed by said block as to firmly hold it against all possibility of displacement or chattering. The vertical face or edge of this block abuts against the end of the rib 22 in order that there may be no lateral strain on the thumb screw 20, but have for its only function that of raising and lowering said block. To keep the cutting edge of said blade 7 flush with the metallic face of the plane and still leave the plate 3 intact, said blade is off-set somewhat, as shown in Fig. 11, and a part of said plate cut into as shown in Fig 8 to make room for the offset shoulder 23. To remove the blade for resharpening, the thumb screw 20 is turned to raise the block 19 a short distance, and then the screw 13 turned until the blade is carried far enough downward to bring its shoulder 23 out from beneath the lip 24. The blade can now be moved laterally out of its engagement with the rib 11 of the block 9, and then longitudinally withdrawn from the plane. Its return is in the reverse manner.

It is customary to provide these dado planes with cutters in advance of the blades for the purpose of scoring the lateral limits of the groove being plowed in the wood, in order that the shavings may be cut by the blade clear and clean from the wood, leaving the groove smooth and exact. There are numerous objections to those now in use, which I have overcome by my construction. Previous to my invention, the cutter points have been two in number, one at each side of the plane. I have found, however, that a plurality of these cutter points at each side give much better results, and consequently I provide a vertically adjustable bar 25 with four such points 26, two at a side, as shown in Figs. 2, 9 and 10. In the formation of these cutter points, not only is the metal of the bar cut away both laterally and longitudinally with respect to the plane, in order to leave such points in operative relief, but I form channels 27 in the opposite sides of the bar in order to provide cutting lateral edges. These edges 28 are sharpened by a suitable file which can under-cut the same slightly. The cutter points are lowered to take up for sharpening, and also rigidly held in place, by means of the adjusting screw 30 and the set screw 31 (Fig. 4), the former screw being held by its bearing 32 and locking device 16b like the one 16 already described. As shown in Fig. 9, this bar has also to be off-set, for the same reason as the blade 7.

Normally the dado plane can cut to the depth permitted by the under surface of the wooden section 2. To permit accurately gaged grooves of lesser depth to be formed, I provide the adjustable stop 33 shown in Figs. 3, 6 and 7. This is cut into the wooden section 6, and is adjusted by means of the screw 34 turning in the boss 35 and tapped into the boss 36 of the plate 37 which is fixed in place by suitable screws 38. Said screw 34 being kept from displacement in its boss 35 by a locking device 16c such as already described, is adjusted either down to desired specified point, or carried up to its normal flush position, by suitably rotating said screw. Said fixed plate 37 is formed with a circular boss 39 (Figs. 4 and 7) for receiving the set screw 31 already described; said boss extending out flush with the wooden section 6, and so providing said set screw with a metallic threaded member for its proper support. Thus made, this dado plane is strong, durable; its operative members are readily adjusted, cut clean and smooth, and in every way performs its work well and conveniently. It should be noticed that the cutter points 26 are each substantially like those of a saw tooth, being angular and having cutting edges both in front and behind. This enables them to cut and score the wood both when the plane is being advanced, and when it is being drawn backward, thus more perfectly preparing the way for the blade 7 to do its work. Moreover, the cutting edges 28 above described act to smooth the sides of the groove being planed.

It will be observed that by having the angular block 11 formed with a vertical face coming down sharply to the upper surface of the blade 7, there is no opportunity given for the lodgment of shavings against the same; hence, taking this in connection with the peculiar conformation of the mouth 18, there can be no choking at the cutting edge of said blade, and consequently no vexatious loss of time in digging out such accumulated chips.

As shown in Figs. 4, and 9, the U-shaped locking devices 16, 16a, 16b, 16c are held in place by the wooden section 6 fastened over the metallic section, and consequently all that requires to be done in order to take the various screws 13, 20, 30 and 34 out, is to first remove said wooden section, then pry out said U-shaped devices and unscrew said members. To keep the fastening screws 5 from digging into the wooden section 6, I prefer to provide therefor the metallic thimbles 40, shown in Figs. 1 and 5, the outer edges of which are fiush with the face of said section, and which receive the heads of said screws flush with the same also.

It is essential that the surface of the mouth 18 opposite the blade 7 shall be made to initiate in the shaving a spiral form as it leaves the edge of said blade. To accomplish this, I form said surface 18a with a twist in such a manner that the rear edge of the mouth will retire behind the front edge at 18b, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. This twist extends upward from the blade edge for about five eighths of an inch; after that it being merged into the trumpet flare above described.

As shown in Fig. 3b, the block 9 is given a slightly oblique face on its side lying against the surface of the blade 7, inasmuch as the latter is laterally inclined in order to better cut the wood being grooved. In the same way, the wedge 19 must have its face lying against the blade similarly oblique, as shown in Fig. 3a.

What I claim as my invention and for which I desire Letters Patent is as follows, to wit;

1. The combination with a dado plane, of cutter points therefor comprising a metal bar having its end fashioned into four saw-shaped points, each pair of points on the faces of the bar parallel with the sides of the plane being separated a substantial distance one from the other by a vertical clearance channel extending up toward the upper end of said bar, the sides of said channels presenting cutting edges.

2. A dado plane comprising two parts one of which is metal and is formed with two vertical parallel walls, a cutter point bar fitted to said walls, the other of said two parts being of wood and inclosing said bar, a metal plate fitted to the inner surface of said wooden part and having a cylindrical boss passing through said wooden part to its outer surface, and a set screw tapped through said boss and butting against said bar.

3. The combination in a dado plane, of a metallic section, a cutter-point member carried thereby, a screw for the adjustment of said member having an annular groove therein, a bearing for said screw formed with a transverse slot, a U-shaped locking device located in said slot and engaging said groove, and a section fastened to the metallic section and retaining said locking device in place.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing invention, I have hereunto set my hand this 13 day of November, 1909.

HENRY SMILEY.

Witnesses:
A. B. UPHAM,
H. L. WHITTLESEY.

No. 949,691 – Plane-Guide (William T. Whiteway) (1910)

[paiddownloads id=”668″]949691

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLIAM T. WHITEWAY, OF CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS.

PLANE-GUIDE.

_________________

949,691. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Feb. 15, 1910.
Application filed December 17, 1907. Serial No. 406,911.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM T. WHITEWAY, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Cambridge, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Plane-Guides, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to plane-guides, and one of the principal objects of the same is to provide detachable and adjustable guides for planes which can be quickly adjusted and which will serve to hold the plane in alinement with the edge of a board.

Another object is to provide a plane-guide which can be used as a try-square, side gage, or supplemental sole.

These and other objects may be attained by means of the construction illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which :–

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a metal jack-plane of ordinary construction having two guides secured to one side thereof. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through one of the guides and the guideway and keeper for said guide.

Referring to the drawing for a more specific description of my invention, the numeral 1 designates a plane which may be of any suitable construction and preferably provided with a side member 2 having a dovetailed upright groove 3 formed therein near each of its front and rear ends and by preference forward and backward of the cutting blade which latter at its edge may stand as close to the side 2 as desired. The grooves are open at top and bottom and laterally through the side 2, and hence when the guides are not employed the grooves cannot readily become clogged with sawdust, or if it accumulates therein it can easily be shaken out. Into these grooves are fitted guides 4, preferably counterparts of each other so that they are interchangeable, and each guide consists of a straight bar of a size to closely yet adjustably fill the groove, having a flat outer face which will stand flush with the side 2 of the plane and a flat inner face which will stand at right angles to the sole 9 of the plane, and rounded ends 5. In length the bar is preferably such that when in place it will project both above and below the plane body as shown; and it may be adjusted in its groove so that its lower end will stand above the sole when its presence will not interfere with the ordinary use of the plane, or so that its lower end will project below the sole more or less when it may be employed as a guide to hold the plane on the edge of a board or on its side adjacent its edge. Obviously one or both guides may be withdrawn entirely; or, when one is used and the other raised or withdrawn, one end of the plane will be guided along the board and the other may be deflected from the line of travel so as to produce a shearing action of the cutting blade which then stands slightly oblique. Finally, either or both of the guides 4 when projected below the sole 9 stand at right angles thereto and may be used for squaring work as will be understood; and a plane having one or more of these guides will not dull its blade if thrown upon the bench, because the lower end of the guide holds the sole elevated.

In connection with the guides, I prefer to employ keepers as shown. These consist each of a straight bar much like the bar of each guide except that it is preferably rectangular in cross section, and the two keepers 6 are also counterparts of each other. Each stands across one groove at about the center of its vertical length and is secured flat to the side face 2 of the plane parallel with the sole 9. The keepers are in alinement with each other longitudinally, and hence their flat outer faces will constitute a side gage to hold the plane at a uniform distance from an upright along which planing is to be done, and their flat lower edges will constitute a supplemental sole to limit the depth to which the cutting of the plane may proceed. These keepers stand only across the midlength of the upright grooves, and hence sawdust in the latter may be easily dislodged as by tapping the plane against the bench.

By preference the keepers are attached to the plane by screws 7 having countersunk heads as shown so that the flat outer face of the keepers is not interrupted. Such means of attachment renders the keepers removable when desired, yet without detracting from their function just set forth. By preference also a set screw 8 is passed inward through a threaded hole at about the center of each keeper and its inner end bears flat against the outer face of the guide beneath, whereby the latter is positively held against movement in its groove and is still capable of adjustment by first loosening the set screw. The threaded hole through the keeper is open at both ends when the screw 8 is removed, and sawdust can be easily dislodged therefrom; and the use of the set screws is therefore useful though not absolutely necessary. In the complete device, I prefer to employ all these attachments and sell them with the plane as illustrated; but with proper use they provide the plane with a guide, a side gage, a supplemental sole, and a square, and it is even possible to use the plane with a shear cut as above set forth.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new, is :–

1. A plane provided in one side near its front and rear ends with upright dovetailed grooves open at top and bottom and laterally through said side; combined with two guides, each consisting of a straight bar of a section to fit either groove closely but adjustably and having a flat outer face standing flush with the side of the plane and a flat inner face standing at right angles to its sole.

2. A plane provided in one side near its front and rear ends with upright dovetailed grooves open at to and bottom and laterally through said side; combined with two guides each consisting of a straight bar of a I section to fill either groove and having a flat outer face flush with the side of the plane, two keepers each secured across a groove with their lower edges parallel with each other and the sole of the plane, and a set screw through each keeper against its guide.

3. A plane provided in one side near its front and rear ends with upright grooves open at top and bottom and laterally through said side; combined with guides each consisting of a straight bar standing in and longer than said groove and having rounded ends and flat inner and outer faces, keepers standing in alinement with each other and extending across said grooves between the ends of the latter, said keepers having their lower edges parallel with the sole of the plane and their outer faces parallel with its side, screws removably securing the keepers to the plane and having countersunk heads, and a set screw through the keepers against each guide.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM T. WHITEWAY. [L. S.]

Witnesses:
WALTER E. ROGERS,
SARAH WHITEWAY.

No. 936,085 – Woodworker’s Plane (James Horace Brown) (1909)

[paiddownloads id=”665″]936085

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JAMES HORACE BROWN, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

WOODWORKER’S PLANE.

_________________

936,085. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Oct. 5, 1909.
Application filed November 17, 1908. Serial No. 462,996.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES HORACE BROWN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Mattapan, Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and Improved Woodworker’s Plane, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The purpose of this invention is to provide novel details of construction for a plane, that facilitates the exact adjustment of the cutter bit laterally and longitudinally in the throat of the plane stock, enable the quick and exact graduation for size of the throat opening in said stock, provide novel means for clamping the cutter bit when adjusted in the throat opening.

The invention consists in the novel construction and combination of parts, as is hereinafter described and defined in the subjoined claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is a partly sectional side view of the improved plane, substantially on the line 1–1 in Fig. 2; Fig. 2 is a partly sectional plan view, substantially on the line 2–2 in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a fragmentary plan view, partly in section on the line 3–3 in Fig. 1; Fig. 11 is a sectional side view of details shown in Fig. 1, but showing a changed adjustment thereof and Fig. 5 is a partly sectional view of parts, taken substantially on the line 5–5 in Fig. 1.

The stock for the plane is cast into form from metal, and essentially consists of a flat base plate 10 having vertical walls 10a formed along its side edges, and said side walls having their greater height near their longitudinal centers are curved on their upper edges, as shown for one side wall in Figs. 1 and 4. At a suitable distance from the front end of the stock 10, a transverse throat opening a is formed in the base portion thereof, and at the front and rear edges of said throat, oppositely inclined defining walls a1, a2 are formed on said base portion, as is clearly shown in Fig. 1. Rearward of the throat opening a and parallel therewith, a post 11 is erected on the base 10, said post extending from one side wall 10a to the opposite one, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, and being located near the longitudinal center of the plane stock.

Novel means is employed for graduating the width of the slot opening a, consisting in the provision of a wedge-shaped tongue piece 12, seated upon the inclined rear defining wall a2 of the slot a, said tongue piece extending across the stock into loose engagement with the inner surfaces of the side walls 10a. The tongue piece 12 is provided with a rearward extension 12a in the form of a flat plate, having at its end a fork 12 projecting from its lower face and adjacent to said fork a cross slot b. The post 11 is thickened near its junction with the base 10, and in said thickened portion a threaded perforation is formed, in which the threaded body of an adjusting said screw screw 13 is screwed, said screw having a roughened head 13a formed or secured on the rear end thereof. The screw 13 extends between the members of the fork 12b and is provided at its end with a collar 13b which projects into the slot b, so that by manipulating the screw the tongue piece 12 can be adjusted to increase or decrease the width of the slot a. The connection between the tongue and screw, permits the tongue to be readily detached from the screw and removed when desired.

The cutter bit 14 of the plane, is in the form of a flat metal plate, preferably formed of steel and having one end beveled to produce a transverse cutting edge c thereon. At the transverse center, a longitudinal slot d is formed in the cutter bit 14 extending of a suitable length between the ends thereof. The cutter bit 14 is seated upon the tongue piece 12 and the upper end of the post 11, said end being sloped forward and downward, as shown in Fig. 1, to adapt it for a proper support of the bit. The bit 14 is held seated upon the tongue piece 12 and post 11 by a novel clamping device that also serves the purpose of a cap plate for the cutter bit, said device comprising the following details: A resilient thin metal plate 15 having a proper length, and a width that is equal with that of the cutter bit, is secured by one end that is uppermost in service upon a spacing block 16 whereon a resilient hook plate 17 is also secured. The spacing block 16 is a flat rectangularly-edged slab of metal from the rear end of which projects a flange 16a at a right angle, said block having parallel sides. The hook is of an equal width with the resilient cap plate 15, and these plates at their upper ends are oppositely lapped upon the upper and lower surfaces of the spacing block 16, whereon they are secured by a rivet or screw, as shown at e. Upon the lower or forward end of the plate 17, a transverse hook g is formed, that is adapted for a hooked engagement with a keeper bar 18 that extends across the stock of the plane above and in contact with the cap plate 15, and is secured by its ends in the side walls 10a of said stock. It will be seen that the hooked engagement of the plate 17 with the keeper bar 18, will hold the cap plate 15 imposed upon the cutter bit 14; and to enforce said engagement set screws h are inserted in the cap plate and spacing block 16, that will graduate the pressure of the cap plate in accord with the degree of projection given the set screws, that bear on said cutter bit near each side edge thereof, as shown in Figs 1, 2 and 4.

In the post 11, near its upper edge, a screw 19 is secured by one end thereof, and thence extends rearward and upward. Upon the threaded body of the screw 19, a sleeve nut i1 is loosely mounted, said nut having a radial flange i formed thereon, and upon a portion of the cylindrical body of said nut, a thread is cut. Upon the threaded body of the nut i1, a nut i2 having a body similar to the flange i is adjustably mounted and adapted for rotatable movement toward or from the flange i. Near the upper end of the cutter bit 14, a transverse slot d1 is formed that crosses the longitudinal slot d. Below the slot d, the adjusting screw 19 is positioned and in such close relation to the cutter bit 14 that the radial flange i1 and the nut i2 will project into the transverse slot a1 and by lateral adjustment may be caused to have lateral contact with the side edges of said slot.

It will be seen that by a screwed adjustment of the nuts i, i2, on the body of the adjusting screw 19, there may be an exact longitudinal adjustment given to the cutter bit let for its projection or retraction in the transverse throat slot a; further, by screwing the flange i1 and nut i2 into an engagement with the defining sides of the cross slot d1, the cutter bit 14 will be firmly held at a desired point of longitudinal adjustment thereof.

Upon the adjusting screw 19, near the post 11, a lever 20 is mounted and secured near one end thereof, a toe m extending from the upper end of said lever through the slot d, having a loose engagement with the defining side edges thereof, the main portion of said lever projecting down near to the base 10, and it will be noted that a side movement of the lever will slightly rock the cutter bit 14 accordingly and thus depress a respective corner of the cutting edge of the bit, enabling an exact adjustment of said edge to adapt it to have a true bearing on the material over which the plane is moved in planing it.

At the front end, a knob 21 is secured that projects vertically from the plane stock, this being a common provision to enable hand pressure to be applied upon the front end of the plane.

The handle 22 of the plane, is provided with a forwardly-projecting flange n at the lower end thereof, said flange having a notch o in the front edge, which receives a stud o1 formed on the rear portion of the base of the stock at its transverse center. The body of the handle 22, is preferably given skeleton form, that affords a flat bottom wall n1 thereon, which is centrally perforated and registers with a threaded perforation formed at the transverse center of the base portion 10; and it will be seen that if the stud o1 is placed in the notch o and a screw p is inserted through the perforation in the handle down into the threaded perforation in the base 10, the handle 22 will be firmly but detachably secured upon the plane stock.

It will be apparent from the foregoing description, that the cutter bit 14 may be given different degrees of inclination on the stock by an adjustment of the tongue piece 12 toward or from the throat slot a; the cap plate 15 may be adjusted for graduating its pressure on the cutter bit and is not connected therewith other than by frictional contact. The provision of the adjusting screw 19 and flanged nuts i and i2 thereon that are adjustable in the cross slot d1, greatly facilitates the exact adjustment of the bit 14 so as to cut a thick or thin shaving from the material operated upon, and this in conjunction with the lever 20 enables a close accurate adjustment to be given to the edge of the cutter bit.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In a plane, the combination with a stock having a base portion and side walls thereon, said base having a transverse throat opening therein, a post erected on the base a distance rearward from the throat opening, and a cutter bit seated upon the tongue piece and upon the post, of a clamping device comprising a resilient cap plate, a hook plate, a spacing block whereon the end portions of the cap plate and hook plate are secured, a hook formed transversely on the free end of the hook plate, a keeper bar secured at its ends in the side walls of the stock and whereon the hook plate is hooked, and means for enforcing spring pressure of the clamping device upon the cutter bit.

2. In a plane of the character described, the clamping device for the cutter bit, comprising the resilient cap plate, the hook plate having a hook on one end thereof, the spacing block secured between the adjacent ends of the cap plate and hook plate, and adjusting screws carried by the spacing block.

3. In a plane, the combination with a stock having a transverse member, and a cutter bit, of a resilient cap plate engaging the bit, a member carried by the cap plate and engaging the transverse member of the stock, and means for increasing the pressure of the cap plate upon the bit.

4. In a plane, the combination with a stock having a transverse member above the base thereof, and a cutter bit, of a resilient cap plate engaging the bit, a member secured at its upper end to the cap plate and having a hook at its lower end engaging the transverse ineniber of the stock, and screws arranged between the cap plate and bit for increasing the pressure of said cap plate.

5. In a plane, the combination with a stock having side walls and provided with a bar extending between the side walls of the stock, and a cutter bit, of an angular block, two resilient plates secured upon opposite sides of one member of the said block, one plate resting upon the cutter bit and the other provided with a hook at its free end engaging the said bar, and screws projecting from the inner face of the said block and engaging the cutter bit.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JAMES HORACE BROWN.

Witnesses:
MICHAEL F. HART,
F. HOWARD HALLETT.

No. 916,344 – Core-Box Plane (Clifford E. Martin) (1909)

[paiddownloads id=”659″]916344

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CLIFFORD E. MARTIN, OF GREENFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE &
LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

CORE-BOX PLANE.

_________________

916,344. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented March 23, 1909.
Application filed February 9, 1909. Serial No. 476,946.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CLIFFORD E. MARTIN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Greenfield, county of Franklin, State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Core-Box Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in planes, and particularly to that type of plane termed a “core-box” plane.

The broad object of the invention is to provide a simple improvement in planes of the above type, by which improvement perfect segments of circles may be planed out with the greatest ease and accuracy. This feature of improvement and others will be more fully explained in the following description.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of the plane complete. Fig. 2 is a rear end elevation of the plane as it appears when actually in use. Fig. 3 is a front end elevation of the plane. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of certain details. Fig. 5 is a perspective view, partly broken away, of one of the details shown in Fig. 4.

The stock of the plane includes a suitable handle 1 connected to the main body, which latter includes the two side plates 2 and 3. The surfaces of these two plates are arranged in two planes intersecting each other at an angle of 90°.

4 is the plane iron. In this particular form the plane iron is arranged in a groove intersecting the surface of the plate 2, said groove being formed at a suitable rearwardly inclined angle relatively to the direction of movement of the plane iron during its cutting movement. The cutting edge of the plane iron is exposed at the meeting angle of the plates 2 and 3, and the groove in which the plane iron stands is preferably cut back at an oblique angle to the surface of plate 12 so that its cutting edge will be presented obliquely to the work, thus producing a draw-cut.

5 represents a clearance groove or recess formed in the side plate 3 and intersecting the meeting angle of plates 2 and 3, and of a width corresponding substantially to the width of the plane iron. This clearance groove 5 is of sufficient depth to provide for the proper thickness of shaving. The cutting edge of the plane iron, when properly adjusted, is coincident with the surface of plate 3 so that the extreme edge will be located accurately in one of the planes of the right angle.

A clamping device 6 is carried by the plane iron and passes longitudinally through the base of the handle 1 and wholly below the grip portion thereof. This clamping device has a hooked end 6a arranged to partially embrace the plane iron 4 as shown in Fig. 4.

6b is a suitable screw device arranged to engage the rear end of the body 6 of the clamping device, said screw device 6b being accessible at the rear end of the base of said handle. This clamping device 6 is arranged at an angle to the plane iron as shown in Fig. 4 so that when the adjusting screw 6b is set down the hooked end 6a of the clamping member will bind the plane iron firmly upon its seat.

As will new be seen, when the plane is used in the manner illustrated in Fig. 2, the cutting will be performed in such a way as to work out a groove of perfect semi-circular outline in cross-section. That part of the clearance groove 5 in front of the cutting edge of the plane iron permits the latter to encounter the material to be cut without projecting said cutting edge beyond or outside of the right angle. That part of the groove 5 to the rear of the plane iron operates to let the edge of the plane settle at each stroke whether or not said plane is drawn back sufficiently far to cause the plane iron to entirely clear the end of the groove. Thus short strokes may be employed to cut away tenacious portions of the wood. Were it not for this rearward extension of the clearance groove 5, the progress of the work would be very much impeded.

The usual throat to permit the escape of shavings is of course provided directly in front of the cutting edge of the plane iron through which chips and shavings will escape in the usual manner.

What I claim is:

1. In a plane of the character described, a stock having two diverging side plates the surfaces of which are arranged at an angle of 90 degrees relatively to each other, a plane iron having its cutting edge coincident with said angle and extending to one side thereof and in the plane of one of the side plates, and a clearance groove in said side plate extending forwardljv and rearwardly of the cutting edge of said plane iron.

2. In a core-box plane, a stock comprising two side plates the surfaces of which are arranged in planes intersecting one another at right angles, a clearance groove in one of said plates extending the full length thereof and coincident with the angle of intersection of said side plates, a plane iron carried by said stock, and means for detachably holding said plane iron in place, the cutting edge of said plane iron projecting into said clearance groove.

3. In a core-box plane, a stock including two side plates the surfaces of which are arranged in intersecting planes at right angles to each other, a groove in one of said sides intersecting the surface thereof for receiving a plane iron, a plane iron adapted to said groove, and rneans for detachably holding the same therein, a clearance groove in the surface of the other plate to the front and rear of the cutting edge of the plane iron and of a width corresponding substantially thereto.

4. In a core-box plane, two side plates the surfaces of which are arranged in planes intersecting each other at right angles, a clearance groove in one of said plates at and adjacent to the meeting angle of said planes and extending the full length of said side plate, a plane iron, and means for detachably holding the same, the cutting edge of said plane iron projecting into said clearance groove and being arranged to stand directly in one of said intersecting planes.

5. ln a plane of the character described, a stock having two diverging side plates the surfaces of which are arranged at an angle of 90° relatively to each other, a plane iron having its cutting edge coincident with said angle and extending to one side thereof and in the plane of one of said plates, and a clearance groove in said side piate extending forwardly and rearivardly of the cutting edge of the plane iron, a handle arranged in the angle between the two side plates, and a clamping device carried lay said handle and wholly below the grip portion thereof.

6. ln a plane of the character described, a stock having two diverging side plates, the surfaces of which are arranged at an angle of 90° relatively to each other, a plane iron having its cutting edge coincident with said angle and extending to one side thereof and in the plane of one of said side plates, and a clearance groove in said side plate forward of said cutting edge, a handle arranged in the angle between the diverging side plates, and a clamping mernber for the plane iron arranged in the base of said handle and accessible at the rear thereof for operation.

CLIFFORD E. MARTlN.

Witnesses:
ELLEN K. O’KEEFE,
FRANCIS NIMS THOMPSON.

No. 752,365 – Spokeshave (John H. Spear) (1904)

[paiddownloads id=”599″]752365

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN H. SPEAR, OF SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS.

SPOKESHAVE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 752,365, dated February 16, 1904.
Application filed August 21, 1903. Serial No. 170,298. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN H. SPEAR, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Springheld, in the county of Hampden and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Spoke-shaves, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to improvements in spokeshaves, and more particularly pertains to the means for securing the adjustment convenintly of the blade or knife so that it will cut a fine or thick shaving, as desired, and for confining the knife when adjusted.

The invention consists in a spokeshave constructed substantially as shown in the accompanying drawings and as set forth in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of the improved spokeshave as seen at its under or shaving side. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the same as seen looking at the back and top thereof. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view as taken on the line 3 3, Fig.1. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view as taken on the line 4 4, Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the under side of the stock or body of the spokeshave, showing also a metallic fitting therefor, a right-hand half of the latter being indicated as broken away and removed from its place of application on, and within, the stock, which is shown recessed for the reception thereof.

Similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all of the views.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the knife or blade, and B the body or stock, having handles x x at its opposite ends, as usual, the said stock being intermediately provided with the usual throat-forming recess y and has a metallic fitting a, adapted to be inset into suitably-formed recesses in the stock therefor and to overlap the under or working-face side thereof and to constitute by its straight-edged portion a2 one boundary of the throat, adjacent which, more or less closely thereto, is the cutting edge x of the blade a. The said fitting a is preferably made as a metallic casting having, as shown in Figs. 1 and 5, ear-lugs w at its ends by which to screw it to the stock, and its inset portion v is formed step-shaped at each end, the one step s at the innermost plane having a tapped perforation t therethrough for the screw f penetrating from the front or upper side of the stock, which has its end in bearing against the inner face of the end lug b of the blade, and the more outwardly-disposed step u has a perforation r, which is screw-tapped, receiving therein the screw h for holding the clamping-plate g against the outer face of the end lug b of the blade.

The parts are originally constructed and relatively arranged so that when the inner face of the end lugs of the blade are practically in contact with the face of the inner step s the cutting edge x of the blade will not be outwardly beyond the under face of the throat-plate.

By loosening the screws h for the clamping-plates g the blade, with its end lugs b b, may of course be crowded bodily transversely and outwardly beyond the plane of the throat-plate, and this is done by inscrewing the screws f f, which penetrate through and beyond the face of the step s of the aforesaid metallic fitting, whereupon the screws h h are set again to confine the clamping-plates to hold the blade-lugs firmly in their adjusted positions as crowded by and in contact on the inner ends of the adjusting-screws f f. The said screws may by having their positions of contact, as indicated in Fig. 3, well toward the inner edges of the blade-lugs b b impart to the blade somewhat of a rocking movement for adjustment, or it may be a bodily-displacing action, the effect being to either swing the blade on a longitudinal axis back from the cutting edge to bring the location of the cutting edge more or less outward for the desired rankness of cut or to displace the blade outwardly without changing the direction of its plane for acquiring practically the same condition for any desired character of shaving.

Inasmuch as the adjusting-screws f f are repeatedly rotated either inwardly or outwardly for varying the rankness of the cut to be taken or made by the knife, and in order that the wood from which the stock of the tool is composed may not be gouged out by the screw-driver, annular cup-shaped and centrally internally perforated bushings m are inset into circular sockets within the upper sides of the stock, it being of course understood, however, that the threaded shanks of the screws f acquire their screw-threaded engagements in and through the portions of the metallic fitting, the inner sides of which constitute the aforesaid innermost steps s s.

This spokeshave may not only be most readily adjusted for any manner of shaving required, but the knife may be bodily transversely adjusted to give any desired width of throat-opening and to correspond with the wearing away at the cutting edge of the knife.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. In a spokeshave, the combination with the stock having a throat-recess and having step-formed supports endwise outside thereof, of the knife having end lugs adjacent the innermost steps, the clamping-plates adjacent the outermost steps and overlapping the lugs of the knife, the screws h h for confining the clamping-plates and the adjusting-screws engaging through the aforesaid innermost steps and contacting against the inner faces of the knife-lugs, for the purposes set forth.

2. In a spokeshave, the combination with the stock having the throat-recess and the metallic throat-plate constructed with the stepped portions s and u, let into the body of the stock and having the screw-holes t and r, of the knife a having the end lugs b b the inner faces of which are arranged adjacent the faces of the steps s s, the adjusting-screws f f penetrating said stepped portions s s from the front of the stock and having their inner ends in engagement against the inner faces of the lugs, the clamping-plates g g facewise adjacent the steps u u and overlapping the outer faces of the lugs, and the clamping-screws h h, substantially as described.

3. In a spokeshave, in combination, the stock having the throat-recess and having the inset throat-plate provided with the end portions constructed with the steps s and u, the knife having the end lugs, the adjusting-screws and the bushings m, arranged relatively to the headed portions of said screws in sockets in the top of the stock, the clamping-plates g g and the confining-screws h h therefor, arranged as shown.

Signed by me at Springfield, Massachusetts, in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN H. SPEAR.

Witnesses:
WM. S. BELLOWS,
A. V. LEAHY.

No. 748,199 – Matching-Plane (Alexander Mason) (1903)

[paiddownloads id=”595″]748199

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ALEXANDER MASON, OF SALEM, MASSACHUSETTS.

MATCHING-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 748,199, dated December 29, 1903.
Application filed March 20, 1903. Serial No. 148,745. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER MASON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Salem, in the county of Essex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Matching-Planes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to matching-planes; and it consists in the novel construction and combination of the parts hereinafter fully described and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side view of the matching-plane. Fig. 2 is a cross-section taken on the line x x in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a partial plan view showing the clamping-levers and looking in the direction of the arrow y in Fig. 1.

A is the body of the plane, provided with a handle B at one end and a knob C at the other end. The body portion A has a broad groove b and a narrow groove c in its under side, and D is a longitudinal rib on the upper side of the body portion.

E is an inclined support for the blades, which also projects on the upper side of the body portion, and d represents slots or notches in the body portion A for the blades to project through.

F is a single cutting-blade, and G is a forked cutting-blade. These blades are laid upon the support E, one on each side of the rib D, and are clamped in position by means of two clamping-levers f and g, which are pivoted on the end portions of a pin H, which is secured in the rib D. These clamping-levers are provided at their upper ends with thumb-screws f’ and g’, which bear against the blades, so that the lower ends of the levers clamp the said blades securely in position.

I is a guide for the plane. This guide is provided with projecting brackets i at its end and middle portions. The end brackets carry bars J, which are slidable in guide-holes j in the body of the plane. The middle bracket carries a bar K, which is slidable in a hole k in the body of the plane and which is provided with a series of cross-holes m.

M is a spring-pressed stop-pin which is slidable in a lug n on the body of the plane and which engages with the said cross-holes. The guide is slid so as to suit the work, and it is then secured in position by means of the said stop-pin.

The two blades form three separate cutters, and they will tongue and groove boards of widely-varying thickness in a very satisfactory manner.

What I claim is —

In a matching-plane, the combination, with a body portion, of a guide for the said body portion provided with projecting brackets at its middle and end portions, bars projecting from the said end brackets and slidable in cross-holes in the said body portion, a bar projecting from the middle bracket and provided with a series of cross-holes and slidable in a hole in the said body portion, and a spring-actuated stop-pin carried by the said body portion and engaging with the cross-holes of the said bar.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ALEXANDER MASON.

Witnesses:
ALICE J. MURRAY,
FRED. K. DAGGETT.

No. 744,411 – Spokeshave (Huldege Sarasin) (1903)

[paiddownloads id=”592″]744411

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

HULDEGE SARASIN, OF AMESBURY, MASSACHUSETTS.

SPOKESHAVE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 744,411, dated November 17, 1903.
Application filed December 4, 1902. Serial No. 133,829. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, HULDEGE SARISIN, of Amesbury, county of Essex, State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Spokeshaves, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like characters on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention relates to spokeshaves, and more particularly to spokeshaves which are especially adapted for use in finishing the bodies of carriages.

In the manufacture of carriage-bodies the panels are often rounded at their edges, and in order that this may be readily accomplished I have found it desirable to set the blade of the spokeshave which is used in rounding these edges obliquely with respect to the face of the shave, so that a wedge-shaped shaving will be removed by the blade, thereby enabling the rounding of the panels to be accomplished much more readily than if the blade were set parallel with the face.

The object of my invention is to provide an adjusting means for the blade of a spoke-shave which will enable the blade to be readily adjusted to exactly the desired position with respect to the face of the shave and then to firmly clamp the same while it is held in this position.

For an understanding of the means which I employ to accomplish this object reference is now made to the accompanying drawings, in which —

Figure 1 is a plan view of a spokeshave made according to my invention. Fig. 2 is a cross-section thereof on the line x x of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a section on the line y y of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a detail view in perspective of the adjusting means for the blade. Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 3 with the blade removed. Fig. 6 is a cross-section on the line z z of Fig. 2. Fig. 7 is a detail view showing the connection between the adjusting screw and slide.

The main body or holder a of the shave is of usual form, having a seat a’, on which a blade b rests, said blade fitted between shoulders at each side of the seat. A clamping-wedge c is adapted to loosely engage grooves a2 in said shoulders, and a clamping-screw d is threaded in said clamping-wedge c and is adapted to engage the upper side of the blade, pressing the under side thereof firmly against the seat a’ and pressing the lower end of the clamping-wedge c against the upper side of the blade. The seat a’, against which the blade is pressed, is provided with a transversely-extending groove a3 in the middle thereof, which extends from the work-face a4 of the holder to the opposite side of said seat.

An adjusting-slide e is fitted to slide in said groove as and is bent at right angles at its upper end and has a slot e’ formed therein. An adjusting-screw i is threaded in the holder in the rear of said slide and is provided with a grooved portion i’, which is fitted in said slot e’ of the slide, so that a swivel connection between said screw and slide is provided. An arm or lever f is pivoted at h to the upper side of said slide and is provided with an angular-shaped projection f’, which is adapted to fit tightly in a correspondingly-shaped aperture in the middle of the blade b, said projection being arranged near the lower end of said lever. The particular shape of this projection is not essential, as any similar form of connection which will prevent the blade from swinging on the lever, yet which will enable the blade to be readily removed, will answer the purpose. A handle f2 extends at an angle to said lever over the head of the adjusting-screw i. The combined thickness of the slide e and lever f is no greater than the depth of the slot a8, the projection f’ being the only part of this adjusting means which extends above the face of the seat a’.

The manner of securing the blade to the holder and of adjusting the same is as follows: The slide e is placed in the groove a3, and the grooved portion of the adjusting-screw i is placed in the slot e’, as shown in Figs. 2 and 7. The blade is then placed on the pivoted arm of lever f, so that the projection f’ thereof fits into the aperture through the blade, and the clamping-wedge c and screw d are placed in position and the screw is tightened, so that they press gently against the blade. Then the screw i is adjusted back and forth until the cutting edge of the blade protrudes the desired distance below the face of the shave, and the lever f is then swung in either direction, swinging the blade, so that its cutting edge is either in an oblique position with respect to the face of the holder, as indicated in dotted lines, Fig. 3, or is exactly parallel therewith, as shown in full lines. The screw d is then tightened, clamping the blade in the position to which it was adjusted. If it is desired to change the adjustment of the blade, it is simply necessary to loosen the screw d and swing the lever f or draw the slide e up or down by means of the screw i until the desired adjustment has been secured.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. In a spokeshave, a holder having a work-face and a blade-seat, a blade resting on said seat, and means for clamping the same thereon, a slide and means for adjusting the same to and from the work-face, and for holding the same against transverse movement, an adjusting-lever pivoted to said slide, engaging means between said blade and lever for holding the blade from swinging movement with relation to the lever, whereby said lever and blade may be simultaneously swung on the same pivot, substantially as described.

2. In a spokeshave, a holder having a work-face, and a blade-seat, a blade resting on said seat and means for clamping the same thereon, a slide and means for adjusting the same to and from the work-face, and for holding the same against transverse movement, an adjusting-lever pivoted to said slide, a projection rigid with said lever and arranged in a correspondingly-shaped aperture with which said blade is provided, and holding the blade from swinging movement with relation to the lever, whereby said blade and lever may be simultaneously swung on the same pivot, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HULDEGE SARASIN.

Witnesses:
LOUIS H. HARRIMAN,
H. B. DAVIS.

No. 603,832 – Block Or Smoothing Plane (Patrick Shea) (1898)

[paiddownloads id=”536″]603832

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

PATRICK SHEA, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

BLOCK OR SMOOTHING PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 603,832, dated May 10, 1898.
Application filed September 20, 1897. Serial No. 652,271. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PATRICK SHEA, of Boston, (Dorchester,) in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Block or Smoothing Planes, of which the following is a description sufficiently full, clear, and exact to enable those skilled in the art to which it appertains or with which it is most nearly connected to make and use the same.

This invention relates to woodworkers’ planes generally, and particularly to metal block or smoothing planes.

It is the object of the invention to provide such improvements in articles of manufacture of the kind mentioned as will enable the bit or plane-iron to be supported at but a slight pitch or angle relatively to the sole or face of the plane, so as that it may better perform some functions than if it were set at the usual or common angle.

It is also the object of the invention to provide improved means for adjusting the plane-iron or bit, so that its depth of cut may be regulated with the utmost nicety.

It is, furthermore, the object of the invention to provide improved means for holding the plane-iron down upon its bed or seat, which means shall be simple in and economical of construction and serviceable and efficient in the highest degree.

To these ends my invention consists of the improvements which I will proceed to describe in detail, and then set forth with particularity in the appended claims.

Reference is to be had to the annexed drawings, and to the letters marked thereon, forming a part of this specification, the same letters designating the same parts or features, as the case may be, wherever they occur.

Of the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a metallic block-plane embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same, the bow-spring and toat being omitted. Fig. 3 is vertical longitudinal sectional view of the same. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the plane-bit detached. Fig. 5 is a bottom view of the bow-spring used to hold the bit down upon its bed and to serve also as the toat to the plane.

In the drawings, a designates the stock or frame of the plane, which, as herein shown, it is proposed to construct of metal, though it may be made of other material.

b is the sole or base, which is provided with sides or walls a and a rear wall or cross-
piece l.

c is the bit or plane-iron.

t is the “horn.”

d is the toat.

In carrying out my invention I provide a projection e on the upper side of the base G, provided with a vertical perforation to receive a stud h.

The bit is adapted to travel on inclined shevels or shoulders along the sides a of the stock, extending from the cross-piece l to the throat, and is formed in its longitudinal central rear portion with a slot g sufficiently wide to have the stud h and projection e operate therein when the bit is moved back and forth. Near the rear end of the bit there are two cross-bars i i’ secured to the bit, so as to bridge, as it were, the slot g and leave a space j between said cross-bars. It would serve my purpose just as well, however, to make the cross-bars i i’ an integral part of the bit.

k is a bit-adjusting screw threaded throughout nearly its length and arranged to turn in a hole formed in the vertical rear flange l of the bit-stock and at its inner end to be guided in a hole formed in the rearward part of the projection e. Neither of the said supports for the screw are screw-threaded, but are simply plain bearings for the latter.

Upon the screw k there is arranged a traveler on, having a screw-threaded hole formed therethrough to receive the shank of the screw k. The said traveler m extends up between the bridge-pieces i i’ of the bit in such a manner that when the screw is turned the traveler will be moved to and fro thereon, and as a consequence will move the bit longitudinally with it and adjust the bit in the mouth of the base of the plane, so as to make it take a deeper or shallower cut, as may be desired.

n designates the bow spring or holder, which is a piece of sheet metal bent in cross-section in the form of a bow, as is best represented in Fig. 3, so that its front end may rest upon the forward end of the bit and its rearward end bear upon the rear end of the same. Upon the bow-spring n, the toat d is supported, as shown.

In the central portion of the bow-spring there is formed a hole o, backward from which there extends a narrowed slot p, and in the upper end of the stud h, on opposite sides thereof, there are formed slots q, so that after the bit may have been put in place upon its bearings and properly connected with its adjusting means the bow-spring may be placed in position upon the bit, so that the upper end of the stud h, may extend through the hole o, and then by bearing down on the spring and moving it forward the sides of the slot p may take into the slots q of the stud and not only hold the spring in place, so that the toat or handle d may be employed in moving the plane, but so also as that the bow-spring may press and hold the bit down in its proper working position.

Inasmuch as in the operation of the plane the effort to move it back will be but slight and substantially all of the appreciable energy will be exerted forward, the bow-spring and toat will be held securely in place.

In addition to supporting the bit or plane-iron in position so as to render it most efficient in operation, as I have before described, my adjusting means for the bit have been found very efficient and simple, not liable to be disturbed in the usual operation of the plane, and effective in operating the bit to adjust it with the utmost nicety, and to do this in a manner better than is accomplished in planes as now commonly constructed. Furthermore, the means described for holding the bit in place by means of the bow-spring are exceedingly simple in and economical of construction, besides being effective in the highest degree.

Having thus explained the nature of the invention and described away of constructing and using the same, though without attempting to set forth all of the forms in which it may be made or all of the modes of its use, it is declared that what is claimed is —

1. A block or smoothing plane comprising in its construction a planer-iron or bit and bit-support; a bow-spring constructed to bear at its ends upon the forward and rear ends of the bit; and a headed stud, the bow-spring having a centrally-arranged keyhole-slot to engage the head of the stud as set forth.

2. In a device of the class described the combination with a walled base-piece having a projection on its upper face, of a headed stud mounted in the projection, a slotted bit suitably arranged on the stud, shoulders arranged diagonally of the side walls of the base and forming supports for the bit, a thumb-screw having bearings in said projection of the base and the rear wall, a screw-threaded traveler upon the thumb-screw, having connection with the bit and a bow-spring engaging the head of the stud and bearing at its ends upon the ends of the bit to secure the latter in position and provided with a toat upon its upper face.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 4th day of September, A. D. 1897.

PATRICK SHEA.

Witnesses:
ARTHUR W. CROSSLEY,
W. SHEA.

No. 508,427 – Spokeshave (Herbert D. Lanfair) (1893)

[paiddownloads id=”496″]508427

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

HERBERT D. LANFAIR, OF ERVING, ASSIGNOR TO THE
MILLER’S FALLS COMPANY, OF MILLER’S FALLS, MASSACHUSETTS.

SPOKESHAVE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 508,427, dated November 14, 1893.
Application filed July 3, 1893. Serial No. 479,446. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HERBERT D. LANFAIR, of Erving, in the county of Franklin and State of Massachusetts, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Spokeshaves, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification.

My invention relates to spoke shaves, used by hand, upon a great variety of work.

In the drawings like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

The particular part of the spoke shave to which my present invention relates is the shoe, so called, and is the bearing surface upon which the face part of the shave rests while in operation.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents a plan view of a spoke shave, the face or shoe side shown upward. Fig. 2 represents asectional view on line x–x of Fig. 1. Fig. 3, represents the shoe detached from the body.

A is the body of the shave; C, the handles, at either one or both ends of body A.

B is the shoe.

The body A. is preferably formed of metal in the usual manner. The blade or cutter D, is secured to the body A, by screws d or other well known means. The body, A, at points indicated by letter g, is slotted, so that the ends of shoe B, made with a tenon, at either end, indicated by b, will fit the slots, and the shoe will be held in place in the slots by set screws a a. The inner edge of the shoe B next the cutter or blade, of course is placed nearly to the edge of the blade, the opening being varied to suit the work, and the shavings or chips will pass up through this opening and be discharged in the usual manner.

The shoe B. is formed removable and it being formed alike at both ends b, b, is also reversible. The shoe B, being so made adjustable and also removable and the ends formed alike and consequently reversible, end for end, the shoe is further provided with four faces, indicated by c. c’. c2. and c3. New by reversing the shoe B. and also by simply turning it over, we will have formed four distinct bearings or surfaces for the shave, and of course, adapted to different styles of work.

Now, by referring to Fig. 3, the faces c. c’. c2. and c3. will be seen to be flat, oval, beveled and rounding, and they may be varied to best suit all ordinary work to which this class of tool is adapted.

If expedient several shoes may be provided to each shave and by this means a great variety of form of faces may be easily provided. One slice similar tothe one illustrated in Fig. 3. will cover all ordinary work. The shoe B. being adjustable in the slots at g, g, as described and the shoe being held at any point by set screws a. a. acting upon the tenons b. b. the width of the opening can be adjusted to a nicety; for instance, if the work is very hard and of fine grain, the opening can be made very small, or it can be made very large, and it also allows the use of cutters or blades of different thicknesses with equal facility and adjustment as to opening.

The principal point of novelty aside from that already named is the reversibility both as to side and ends, whereby the shoe provides four different and distinct forms of faces or surfaces.

I do not confine myself to the precise form of faces shown in Fig. 3, as the shoe may be made with concave, convex, flat, oval, round, or irregular surfaces or bearings and the removable shoe can be thus adapted to any A style or kind of work.

Having now described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is —

In a spoke shave, the shoe B. provided with the tenons b. b. and two or more faces and adapted to be removably and reversibly secured to the shave body by suitable means, I substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In witness whereof I have subscribed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, on this 17th day of June, A. D. 1893.

HERBERT D. LANFAIR.

Witnesses:
GEO. E. ROGERS,
H. E. GOODELL.

No. 471,391 – Carpenter’s Plane (Oliver Longval) (1892)

[paiddownloads id=”485″]471391

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

OLIVER LONGVAL, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR
OF ONE-FOURTH TO FREDERICK C. WALTON, OF SAME PLACE.

CARPENTER’S PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 471,391, dated March 22, 1892.
Application filed March 2, 1891. Serial No. 383,449. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be itknown that I, OLIVER LONGVAL, of the city and county of Worcester, and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carpenters’ Planes and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and in which —

Figure 1 represents a side view of a carpenter’s plane embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section through the handle, showing a top or plan view of the plane with the knife and the usual holding parts thereof detached to more fully illustrate that part of my improvements coming under the same. Fig. 3 is a bottom view of the plane. Fig. 4. is a vertical longitudinal section through the parts shown in Fig. 2. Figs. 5, 6, and 7 represent different modifications in the construction of the front oiler of the plane, which will be hereinafter more fully described. Fig. 8 is a vertical section of the rear oiler and part of the bed of the plane, taken on line a, Fig. 2; and Fig. 9 is an enlarged horizontal section through part of the plane-bed and one end of said rear oiler, showing the inlet to the oil-chamber and its detachable stopper or plug, taken on line 19, Fig. 1.

With the exception of the oiling devices hereinafter described, the plane is of ordinary construction.

The purpose of my invention is to improve upon the means heretofore employed for oiling the bottom of the plane; and it consists in certain improvements in the construction of said oiling devices foreffecting the above result.

In order that others may better understand the nature and purpose of said improvements, I will now proceed to describe the same more in detail.

In the drawings, A represents the bed, B the front handle, C the rear handle, D the knife or blade, E the knife-holding cap, F the adjusting-screw, and G the lever, of an ordinary plane. The rear oiling device H is preferably located on the bed between the base of handle C and the knife and its supporting parts. It is constructed by forming a transverse rib or projection c on the top of and integral with the bed between the vertical side flanges d d thereof. Within said transverse projection is formed a chamber c’ for holding the oil, which chamber is provided with an opening at one end through which to pour in the oil and with a series of small vertical openings e, through which said oil is discharged to oil the bottom of that portion of the plane coming back of the throat I. The inlet to chamber c’ is provided with a suitable screw or plug f and washer f’ to prevent the oil from passing out at said point, while the small vertical discharge-openings are provided with wood plugs e’, preferably of pine or similar soft porous wood, to properly control the outflow of oil.
Said wood plugs I find in practice permit just sufficient oil to pass out to oil the bottom of the plane properly and without waste of oil, the plane when thus oiled running smooth and easy upon the most objectionable surfaces. The essential feature which I claim as new in this part of my invention is the formation of the oiler integral with the bottom or bed of the plane and providing the chamber with an end opening and plug, so that the chamber may be more conveniently opened from the outside of the plane, as shown, in filling the same.

The use of wood plugs in the discharge-openings I am aware is not new, the same being shown and claimed in the United States Patent to Edward F. Gordon, No. 213,104, dated March 11, 1879, and I therefore make no claim, broadly, thereto.

The front handle B constitutes a part of the oiling device for oiling the front end of the plane, and said device is constructed as follows: A metal base B’, made in the form of an inverted cup, so as to form a chamber B2 between the same and the bed when fitted in position, is provided with a vertical central stem g, projecting up, and over which is fitted the knob or handle B. A downwardly-projecting central screw h is also formed on the base, which is adapted to be screwed into a correspondingly-shaped vertical opening formed in the bed, whereby the base is fastened to said bed. The stem g may be made with a threaded surface, so that the knob B may be screwed on, as shown in Fig. 4, or smooth, so that said knob may be driven on, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6.

The oil is preferably supplied to chamber B2 through an opening formed vertically through the stem g and connecting with said chamber through suitable openings at each side of the screw h, as is shown in Figs. 4 and 5. I do not limit myself, however, to forming the oil-inlet in the stem g as aforesaid, as a like result may be effected by means of a plugged inlet, as g’, in the body of base B’, as is shown in Fig. 6.

In case a wood knob or handle B is used, it is preferable to employ an internally-threaded tube i in the opening which receives the stem g to produce a more durable construction, as is shown in Fig. 7.

In the constructions shown in Figs. 4 and 7 the handle or knob serves as the stopper for preventing the oil from passing out through the supply-opening, while in Fig. 5 a screw-plug or nut j is employed for that purpose, a screw being formed on the plug, which may be screwed into the oil-inlet, which is threaded at its upper end for the purpose. In Fig. 6 a reverse construction is adopted, a threaded opening being formed in the plug to receive a screw formed at the upper or outer end of the stem; but said stem does not in this instance serve as an oil-passage, the nut j being used for holding the knob B in place. In each case an elastic or other suitable washer k is preferably used at the oil-inlet under the knob or plug to make the same oil-tight, and a suitable washer l is also used for the same purpose between the base B’ and bed A. In like manner to the other oiler, a series of vertical discharge-openings are formed in said bed for the front oiler last described, formed within the circumference of the bearing-point of the base against the bed, which openings are also provided with wood plugs e’, as in the former instance.

My improvement in the front oiling device consists in the combination of the separate and detachable knob B and base B’ and the special construction adopted in connection therewith and the plane-bed for effecting the desired result.

I am aware of the United States Patents to W. Wood, No. 191,393, dated May 29, 1877, and 471,391 to L. A. Dearth, No. 363,213, dated May 17, 1887, both for planes, and I make no claim to the constructions therein set forth and shown.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. In a carpenter’s plane, the bed having a transverse chamber c’ formed therein open at the end having a series of vertical openings or outlets through the bed to the bottom of the plane, in combination with a suitable plug or stopper having a washer under the same for closing the aforesaid end opening and wood plugs for closing the vertical openings, while at the same time permitting a certain quantity of oil to discharge through the latter, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a carpenter’s plane, the bed having a series of vertical openings in its front end filled with wood plugs, as described, in combination with the base B’, made cup-shaped to form an oil-tight chamber between the same and the bed when fitted thereto, with a washer between it and said bed, also having a downwardly-projecting screw part for securing said base to the bed and an upwardly-projecting stem fitting in a knob or handle B, said knob or handle, and means for supplying oil to the chamber in the base, as well as for closing the supply-opening thereto oil-tight, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a carpenter’s plane, the bed having a series of vertical openings in its front end filled with wood plugs, as described, in combination with the base B’, made cup~shaped to form an oil-tight chamber between the same and the bed when fitted thereto, with a washer between it and said bed, also having a downwardly-projecting screw part for securing said base to the bed and an upwardly-projecting stem having a threaded tube or sleeve over the same, as well as having a vertical opening therein connected with the chamber in base B’ and fitting in the knob or handle B, said knob or handle, and a washer interposed between the same and the end of the stem, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

OLIVER LONGVAL.

Witnesses:
ALBERT A. BARKER,
W. B. NOURSE.

No. 469,688 – Attachment For Planes (Addison J. Ferris) (1892)

[paiddownloads id=”484″]469688

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ADDISON J. FERRIS, OF EAST HAMPTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

ATTACHMENT FOR PLANES.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 469,688, dated March 1, 1892.
Application filed April 13, 1891. Serial No. 388,672. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ADDISON J. FERRIS, a citizen of the United States, residing at East Hampton, in the county of Hampshire and State of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Attachments for Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates or has reference to improvements in planes which are especially designed for finishing rabbeted portions of wood-work and which planes are provided with adjustable gages to accord with the depths of diderent rabbets; and the object of the invention is to improve the device for the purpose indicated, whereby the same may be most readily applied on the stock of almost any ordinary plane, and whereby when so applied it is capable of being most readily or conveniently and minutely adjusted, and when so adjusted it may be maintained against derangement, and also whereby all the parts forming the gage to be applied on the plane may be so united or engaged that even when not applied on the plane they are to all intents and purposes a single fixture, the components of which are not liable to detachment or loss.

The invention consists in the construction and combination of parts, all substantially as will hereinafter more fully appear, and be set forth in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings the present improvements are fully illustrated, Figure 1 being a side view of a plane with the gage applied thereon. Fig. 2 is a plan of the bottom of the plane and of the gage, while Fig. 3 is an end view and partial vertical section of the plane and gage, taken on line 3 3, Fig. 2, said parts being shown as in working relation to a rabbeted piece of stock as used fora door or window casing. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a portion of the plane-stock, showing the same as recessed for the reception of the gage attachment; and Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the gage attachment removed from the plane.

In the drawings, A represents the gage attachment, which, as specially illustrated, consists of a carrier-plate a, provided at its upper end with an angularly-extended portion b, vertically bored, as at d, and said carrier-plate is vertically slotted, as at f which slot is open to the bottom of the plate. The vertical screw g passes freely through the said bore or perforation d and lies alongside of and within the said carrier-plate and is prevented against endwise movement relative to the plate by the fixed thumb piece or head h, above the part b and the collar or nut j below the same.

m represents the gage, which is necked or formed notched intermediately of its opposing edges, as at i, so that the middle of the gage part may be entered in the slot between the side portions of the carrier-plate a, so that a lug or extension at of the gage mlies inside of the plate a and, being bored and tapped, has an engagement with the screw.

It will be seen that, due to the construction of the parts substantially as above set forth, the gage-block has a movable and sliding engagement with relation to the edges of the slot forming the guideway therefor.

The plane-stock B is in its side recessed, as at k, said recess extending from a short distance from the bottom face of the plane-stock to the top thereof, and the said recess at its borders and at the top is provided with the rabbets or rests l l, so that the carrier-plate a may be let within and disposed flush with the sides and top of the stock, nothing projecting outwardly beyond the stock in any direction except the gage proper m and the operating thumb-head. The plate is secured to the plane-stock by the screws o o. On desiring to adjust the gage m so that it will be brought and firmly held on the side of the plane-stock at a greater or less distance from the bottom face of the plane, such may readily and positively be effected by simply turning the screw by its head more or less in the one or the other direction to accord with the depth of the rabbet in the material which is to be finished up.

I therefore claim —

1. The combination, with the plane-stock having the recess in its side, of the carrier-plate a, with the longitudinal slot f and provided with the angularly-extended member b, with the aperture d, the gage m, having the neck guided by the edges of said slotway and provided with the lug n, and the screw g, passed freely through said aperture d and, while freely rotatable, held against endwise movement and having a screw engagement with said lug, all substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. An attachment for planes, consisting of the carrier-plate a, having the slot f extending longitudinally from one end thereof and having the angular portion b, with the aperture d, the block having the notched edges i, which have a movable and sliding engagement with the borders of said slot, and said block comprising the gage m and the lug n, which latter has a screw-opening, and the screw g, loosely passed through the aperture h and provided with the thumb-head h and the collar j and having a screw engagement with the said lug n, substantially as deserihed, for the purpose set forth.

ADDISON J. FERRIS.

Witnesses:
WM. S. BELLOWS,
G. M. CHAMBERLAIN.

No. 444,897 – Carpenter’s Plane (Oliver Longval) (1891)

[paiddownloads id=”470″]444897

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

OLIVER LONGVAL, OF MILLBURY, MASSACHUSETTS.

CARPENTER’S PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 444,897, dated January 20, 1891.
Application filed April 5, 1889. Serial No. 306,093. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OLIVER LONGVAL, of Millbury, in the county of Worcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carpenters’ Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and in which —

Figure 1 represents a side view, partly in section, of a carpenters plane embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section through the handle, showing a plan of the plane with all the old detachable parts removed to more fully illustrate my improvement. Fig. 3 is a plan of the bottom of the plane. Fig. 4 is a central vertical longitudinal section through the parts shown in Fig. 2, and Fig. 5 is an enlarged view showing a vertical section through a part of the plane-bed.

My invention relates more particularly to metal planes, but is also applicable to other styles of planes; and it consists in combining with the plane-bed oiling devices for supplying the bottom thereof with a proper amount of oil or other lubricating material to render the operation of planing more easy to perform, as hereinafter more fully set forth.

In order that others may better understand the nature and purpose of my said invention, I will now proceed to describe it more in detail.

In the drawings, the part A represents the bed of the plane, designed to be made of metal in the class of planes shown.

B is the main rear handle, and C the front-handle.

D is the blade or knife, E the holding-cap, and F and G the thumb-screw and lever, respectively, for adjusting said blade or knife.

As my invention relates only to the oiling devices, previously referred to, of the plane, it will be unnecessary to give a detailed description of said old parts.

I accomplish the desired result — viz., of oiling the bottom of the plane and the surface of the stock operated upon — by combining an oil-receptacle H with the bed of said plane back of the knife and other detachable parts connected therewith, and by converting the usual front handle into an oil-receptacle, the same being made hollow for the purpose, as is shown in Fig. 4. The oil is allowed to pass out of said receptacles for the above purpose through suitable openings a, made in the plane-bed A. The receptacles are filled with cotton waste or other suitable material saturated with oil, as is common in other oil-receptacles, and consist of the inverted detachable cups d e, which are provided with suitable plugged inlets d’ e’ for supplying the oil thereto, and having the screws b passed vertically through the same into the bed A for holding them in position.

The detachable cups d e of the oil-cups are made oil as well as air tight where they connect with the plane-bed, as well as where the holding-screws b thereof pass through, by means of suitable elastic washers or “packings” c. The motion of the plane over the surface being operated upon produces just sufficient suction to draw out the required amount of oil to produce the desired result, and the discharge thereof is facilitated by making the discharge-openings tunnel-shaped or flaring upward, as is best shown in Fig. 5. Said form of openings also obviates the liability to their becoming clogged or stopped by dust and other particles entering and becoming lodged therein. As above constructed, such particles, if they enter, are allowed to pass up and spread out into the oil, and therefore do not materially interrupt the outflow of said oil. Although it is preferable in practice to thus form the openings a, I do not limit myself thereto, but reserve the right to employ such shapes as are suitable for the purpose.

I am aware of the United States Patents to W. Wood, No. 191,393, dated May 29, 1877; E. F. Gordon, No. 213,104, dated March 11, 1879, and to L. A. Dearth, No. 363,213, dated May 17, 1887, and make no claim to any of the constructions therein set forth.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim therein as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

In a carpenter’s plane, the combination, with the plane-bed A, having a series of vertical openings a, therein, of detachable cups d and e, having suitable plugged inlets d’ e’ and fitted over said openings a, in the bed, the fastening-screws b, passed vertically through the oil-receptacles into the bed, the absorbent material contained within the oil-receptacles, and the packings c, interposed between the under side of the heads of the fastening-screws and the oil-receptacles and between said oil-receptacles and the top of the bed, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

OLIVER LONGVAL.

Witnesses:
A. A. BARKER,
W. B NOURSE.

No. 406,605 – Carpenter’s Plane (Reinhard T. Torkelson) (1889)

[paiddownloads id=”451″]406605

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

REINHARD T. TORKELSON, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS,
ASSIGNOR TO IVER JOHNSON, OF SAME PLACE.

CARPENTER’S PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 406,605, dated July 9, 1889.
Application filed November 23, 1888. Serial No. 291,675. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, REINHARD T. TORKELSON, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city and county of Worcester, State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carpenters’ Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and in which —

Figure 1 represents a side view, partly in section, of a bench-plane embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a plan of the lower part of the cutter with my improved cap secured thereon, as hereinafter more fully described. Figs. 3 and 4 are transverse sections through said cutter and cap, taken on lines a and b in Fig. 2, respectively, looking in the direction of the arrow in said figure. Fig. 5 is a central longitudinal section through the cutter and cap, taken on line c, Fig. 2; and Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the detachable angle-plate employed for adjustably fastening the cap to the cutter, as hereinafter specified.

To enable those skilled in the art to which my invention appertains to better understand the nature and purpose thereof, I will now proceed to describe it more in detail.

My said invention relates to improvements upon the carpenter’s plane patented by O. R. Chaplin in the United States under date of May 7, 1872, No. 126,519; and it consists of improvements in the construction of the cutter and cap, as hereinafter set forth.

In the drawings, the part A represents the plane-stock; B, its handle; C, its knob for holding the front end of the plane; D, the cutter; E, the cap; F, the supporting-saddle, fastened at its lower end to the boss G, projecting up and backfrom the bottom of the stock.

H is the clamp, having the lugs d upon each side adapted to catch under the sides of the saddle.

I is the thumb-screw for operating said clamp.

J is a screw-cam fitted to turn on the stationary pin e.

K is a half-nut projecting down from the upper end of the saddle and engaging with said screw-cam, and L is a lever for operating through the screw-cam and half-nut the saddle and cutter longitudinally.

Any further description of the old parts of the plane may be obtained, if desired, by reference to the patent previously alluded to.

My improvements in the cutter and cap are as follows: Instead of fastening the cap E to the clamp H, as in said Chaplin patent, it is in this instance fastened to the cutter D by forming a transverse opening f in said cutter to receive a transverse angle-plate M, which is passed up through the cutter from the under side, so as to form a holding-loop above the cutter. Through said loop is passed the longitudinal tongue or blade g, formed on the cap E, whereby said cap is held in position. The tongue or blade is made curving or bow-shaped lengthwise, so as to produce a constant pressure upward against the holding angle-plate when it is slipped under the same, and the cap is also provided with two flanges h h, one at each side of the tongue or blade, curved downward, and bearing at their ends upon the top surface of the cutter, the purpose of the latter being to hold the edge j of the cap elevated above the cutter to prevent injury to the cutting-edge of said cutter in the operation of placing the cap in position thereon. Although said flanges h h are preferable for the above purpose, I do not limit myself thereto, as the same result may be obtained by forming the cap so as to bear upon the cutter in a similar manner at any suitable point between the sides or edges thereof, said modification consisting simply in changing the positions of said bearing-points. The same will be readily understood without special illustration in the drawings. The angle-plate is held in position in the cutter against the upward pressure produced by the spring tongue or blade g by means of ears or projections k k, formed upon each end thereof, adapted to bear upon and hold against the under side of the cutter. Said ears are preferably recessed into said cutter, as is shown in Fig. 4, so as to bring the bottoms of said plate and cutter flush with each other. It is also preferable to make the edges of the ears slightly beveled or inclined and the ends of the opening in the cutter correspondingly beveled, as is indicated at l l in Figs. 4 and 6, for the purpose of holding the angle-plate in the cutter after having been sprung into position therein when the cap is not fitted thereto. In practice only a slight bevel is required to effect the desired result. Consequently the plate may be easily sprung into position, as aforesaid. As so slight a bevel would not be perceptible in illustrating the same, I have shown quite a sharp bevel in the drawings, and considerably greater than would be employed in practice.

In fitting the cap to the cutter the angle-plate is first passed up through the opening in said cutter and forced into position, after which said cap is placed on the cutter and its spring tongue or blade g slipped up through the loop formed by the angle-plate projecting above the surface of the cutter. The cap is then adjusted accurately, as required, to govern the thickness of the shaving to be cut, when the cutter, with the cap thus adjusted and secured thereon, is placed in the plane and clamped in position, as in the Chaplin and other planes, by means of the clamp H and its thumb-screw.

Although my invention is more particularly designed to be used in the manufacture of planes whose stock is made of metal, it is equally applicable to other kinds of planes. By thus securing the cap to the cutter, as hereinbefore described, it will at once be manifest to those skilled in the art to which my invention appertains that said cap, being susceptible of adjustment to the cutter before fitting said cutter in position, renders said operation more easy to perform, and also admits of a more accurate adjustment than when said adjustment is made after the cutter has been placed in position. A construction whereby said result may be accomplished is the main purpose of this invention.

If desired, a holding-loop may be formed upon or secured to the cutter to take the place of the detachable angle-plate M. The construction described, however, is preferable.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. A combined cutter and cap for carpenters’ planes, comprising, in combination, the cutter having a suitable transverse holding-loop above its top surface and the cap having a longitudinal spring tongue or blade adapted to be passed through said loop to hold the cap in position during and after adjustment upon the cutter preparatory to the application thereof to the plane, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination of the cutter D with the detachable angle-plate M, fitted transversely in a suitable opening therein, and the cap E, having the longitudinal spring tongue or blade g, adapted to be passed through the loop formed by said angle-plate when fitted in position in the cutter, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination of the cutter D with the detachable angle-plate M, fitted transversely in a suitable opening therein, and the cap E, having the supporting side flanges h hand the longitudinal spring tongue or blade g, the latter adapted to be passed through the loop formed by said angle-plate when iitted in position in the cutter, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In a bench-plane, the combination, with the cutter D, having a transverse opening with beveled sides, of the detachable angle-plate M, having flanges with the edges thereof beveled to correspond with the sides of the opening in the cutter, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In a bench-plane, the combination, with the cutter D, having a transverse opening with beveled sides, of the detachable angle-plate M, having flanges with the edges thereof beveled ito correspond with the sides of the opening in the cutter and the tongue or blade of cap E, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. The combination of the stock, saddle, and clamp device of a bench-plane with the cutter D, provided with a transverse loop above its top surface, and the cap E, having the supporting-flanges h h, and the tongue or blade g, the latter adapted to be passed through said loop to hold the cap upon the cutter during and after adjustment preparatory to the application thereof to the plane, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

REINHARD T. TORKELSON.

Witnesses:
A. A. BARKER,
W. B. NOURSE.

No. 399,287 – Gage Attachment For Planes (George H. Russell) (1889)

[paiddownloads id=”446″]399287

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

GEORGE H. RUSSELL, OF PITTSFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS.

GAGE ATTACHMENT FOR PLANES.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 399,287, dated March 12, 1889.
Application filed October 27, 1888. Serial No. 289,264. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE H. RUSSELL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Pittsfield, in the county of Berkshire, State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gage Attachments for Planes, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention has relation to heading or grooving planes, and especially to an adjusting attachment for the same, whereby said plane is adapted for forming beads or grooves of varying widths; and among the prime objects in view are to provide a simply constructed and applied gage that can be easily and quickly adjusted for different-sized grooves or heads, which grooves or beads shall be uniform.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will hereinafter appear, and the novel features thereof will he particularly pointed out in the claim.

Referring to the drawings, Figure l is a perspective of an adjustable attachment for planes constructed in accordance with my invention, and Fig. 2 is a plan of a plane provided with such an attachment.

Like numerals of reference indicate like parts in both the figures of the drawings.

1 represents a longitudinal plate or bar, which may be either straight or curved to fit the side wall of a plane, and which is perfo-
rated at its opposite ends, as at 2, for the passage theirethrough of an adjusting clamping-bolt, 3, the inner ends of which are formed with screw-threads for the reception of thumb-screws 4, and the opposite ends of which are bent at a right-angle, as at 5, so as to embrace the opposite side wall of a plane, 6, whereby said plane may be tightly clamped to the gage.

From the plate 1, and near each of its ends, there project lateral rods 7, which, for a purpose hereinafter apparent, may he provided with a scale.

8 represents the adjusting-bar, which is designed to ride against the side of the work in which the head or groove is being formed, and it is provided with upwardly-disposed opposite arms, 9, terminating in laterally-bored bosses 10, adapted to receive and ride upon the rods 7, and held in position upon said rods by means of set-screws 11, inserted through vertical openings in the bosses, which screws rest upon the rods 7.

By adjusting the gage-bar S upon the rods 7 and securing the same by means of the set-screws 11 it is apparent that beads or grooves of any desired width may be formed, in that, if the plane is adapted for grooving one-fourth inch, to groove one-half inch it is only necessary, after a one-fourth groove has been formed, to set the gage-rod back another quarter-inch and form a second groove, thus increasing indefinitely the capacity of the plane. The device will also he found convenient when a series of boards or posts are to be grooved, each of the grooves or heads to be a predetermined distance from the edge of the work.

By this device uniform work is accomplished.

Having described my invention and its operation, what I claim is —

The herein-described adjnstable gage attachment for planes, consisting of the bar 1, having end perforations, 2, provided with the L-shaped clamping-bolts 3, bent, as at 5, adapted to embrace a plane at its ends, and set-nuts 4, and opposite bars, 7, projecting from the bar 1, and the gage-bar 8, having upwardly-disposed arms 9, terminating in perforated bosses 10, for the reception of the bars 7, and having set-screw 11, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE H. RUSSELL.

Witnesses:
JOSEPH MASLEN,
E. M. WOOD.

No. 381,186 – Plane (Reinhard T. Torkelson And Iver Johnson) (1888)

[paiddownloads id=”435″]381186

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

REINHARD T. TORKELSON AND IVER JOHNSON, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 381,186, dated April 17, 1888.
Application filed September 14, 1885. Serial No. 177,099. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, REINHARD T. TORKELSON and IVER JOHNSON, both of the city and county of Worcester, and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 represents a vertical section through the ends of the plane on line b c, Figs. 2 and 3; Fig. 2, a top or plan view of the front of the plane; Fig. 3, a top or plan view of the rear section of the plane with the handle removed; Fig. 4, a side view of the handle and a small section of the plane-bed; and Fig. 5 represents a cross-section on line a, Fig. 1, looking in the direction of arrow 1.

To enable those skilled in the art to which our invention belongs to make and use the same, we will proceed to describe it more in detail, the nature of which consists, first, in certain improvements in the construction of an adjustable throat device; second, in improvements in the construction, whereby the handle may be detachably fastened to the bed; and, third, in an improved plane-bed, all as will be hereinafter more fully described.

In the drawings, A represents the bed of the plane,which is provided with corrugations d, the lower edges, e, of which are flat, and upon its upper side with round corrugations f. By this construction of the bed it can be made very light, while at the same time it is very stiff, thus utilizing in material, while at the same time rendering it light, and thus requiring less labor to operate it.

B represents an adjustable throat arranged upon the upper side of the plane-bed, through which a thumb-screw, C, passes into a set-nut, D. This nut works between two dovetail flanges, F F, (shown in full lines, Fig. 1, and dotted lines, Fig. 2,) the sides of the nut being made dovetailing to fit, and, consequently, while the nut can be moved back and forth it cannot be raised out of place until screw C and throat B are removed.

The body part E of the adjustable throat rests upon upright flanges g, (shown in full lines, Fig. 1, and dotted lines, Fig. 2,) and between the side flanges ofthe plane-bed F F. A forward projection, G, fits into the throat H, and which projection can be slid back and forth, as indicated in full and dotted lines, Fig. 1, and quickly adjusted, by means of the thumb-screw G, to give any desired opening to the throat H. This arrangement also leaves the under side of the bed of the plane smooth, thereby obviating the objections to the adjustable throats heretofore fitted to work on the under side of the plane.

I represents the handle of the plane, made of vulcanized india-rubber. It is made hollow, as seen at I’, and with a rounded base, J, to fit into a socket-piece, K, which in turn is made with an oblong slot, i, having edges inclined toward each other, so that said socket-piece K may be placed over the dovetail projection L on bed A, and when forced forward into the position shown in Fig. 1 it is securely held in said position vertically under the beveled edges k of said projection L. The base of handle I is now placed in the socket-piece K, and the screw-rod M passed down through the top and screwed into hole M’ in the dovetail projection L, thereby securing the handle firmly in position, while at the same time admitting of the detachment of said handle in an easy and expeditious manner. A forward projection, N, is cast upon the under side of the top of the handle, as fully indicated in Fig. 1, and a metal socket-piece, Z, is ntted into the top of handle I, to receive and hold the head N’ of the screw-rod M. The sides of the handle are made with a series of notches or corrugations, O, whereby when the handle is clasped in the hand the soft skin and flesh of the fingers will be pressed into the corrugations and notches on one side of the handle, while the skin and soft flesh of the hand at the base of the fingers will be pressed into the corrugations upon the opposite side of the handle. By this arrangement the operator can handle the plane much easier and with less exertion, particularly when he is obliged to hold up the plane to plane the edge of a piece of board, which is frequently required in the usual work of a carpenter. If the handle were smooth, a little perspiration or oil would require a great strain upon the fingers and cords of the hand to hold the plane from turning; but with the corrugations as made upon the sides of said handle the difficulty is obviated. If preferred, the socket-piece K may be cast with the bed of the plane and dovetail projections omitted.

We are aware that planes with adjustable throats have been used before, and we do not therefore claim said device, broadly.

Having described our improvements in planes, what we claim therein as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. The combination of bed A, having the rear projection, L, upon the top thereof provided with the dovetail or bevel edges k, substantially as described, with the detachable socket-piece K, provided with an oblong vertical slot, i, having edges inclined toward each other, and adapted to be placed over said projection L, then forced forward and held vertically under the beveled edges k aforesaid, handle I, fitted at the bottom in said socket-piece K, and fastening-rod M, passed longitudinally through said handle and into bed A, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a bench-plane, a throat-adjusting device located above the bed A in front of the throat H, consisting of said bed having the dovetail flanges F F and supporting-flanges g, in combination with the slide B, arranged over said flanges, and having the projection G next to said throat, the nut D, fitted to slide longitudinally over the bed between the dovetail flanges F F aforesaid, the latter holding said nut and slide B in position vertically, and thumb-screw C, fitted to turn in suitable vertical openings in the slide and nut, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

REINHARD T. TORKELSON.
IVER JOHNSON.

Witnesses:
THOS. H. DODGE,
H. L. MILLER.

No. 381,141 – Bench-Plane (Iver Johnson And Reinhard T. Torkelson) (1888)

[paiddownloads id=”434″]381141

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

IVER JOHNSON AND REINHARD T. TORKELSON, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS;
SAID TORKELSON ASSIGNOR TO SAID JOHNSON.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 381,141, dated April 17, 1888.
Application filed October 31, 1887. Serial No. 253,829. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, IVER JOHNSON and REINHARD T. TORKELSON, both of Worcester, in the county of Worcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and in which–

Figure 1 represents a top or plan view of a bench-plane embodying our improvements. Fig. 2 is a side view thereof, partly in section. Fig. 3 is a bottom or face view of the plane. Figs. A and 5 are transverse or cross sections upon an enlarged scale, taken on lines a a and b b, respectively, in Fig. 1, looking in the directions indicated by the arrows above said figure; and Figs. 6 and 7 are enlarged detail views, Fig. 6 being a plan and Fig. 7 a side view of our improved throat-adjusting plate, hereinafter more fully described.

Our invention relates to metallic bench-planes, and more particularly to improvements in the means employed for regulating the width of the throat, as hereinafter more fully set forth.

Following is a detailed description of our invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The part A is the body or stock; B, the handle; C, the knife; C’, the usual means for holding said knife in position; D, the throat, and E our improved throat-regulating plate.

The stock is provided with the usual parallel grooves, c, in the bottom or face thereon and with a series of parallel ribs or corrugations, d, upon its upper side between the outer side flanges, e e, preferably in a vertical line with said grooves c, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5. Said ribs d serve a double purpose — viz., to lighten or decrease the weight of the stock A, as well as to strengthen or stiffen said stock.

Our improvement in the throat-adjusting device consists in making the usual slide or plate, E, with a tongue or blade, E’, extending forward therefrom to the front end of the plane. Said plate is fitted in a suitable recess in the stock flush with the face of said stock, and may be moved longitudinally therein to regulate the width of the knife-opening or throat D in the usual way. It is clamped to the under side of the stock after adjustment, as ordinarily, by means of the screw-bolt f, extending up therefrom, and screw-handle g, having a bearing upon the top of stock A, and into which said screw-bolt is turned. By thus forming the plate with a narrow blade or tongue, E’, we are enabled to extend the face of the stock forward solid and groove the same at each side of said blade or tongue, as best shown in Figs. 3 and 4, thus greatly strengthening the plane, in addition to the top ribbing or corrugations previously described, while at the same time it may be operated in narrowing or widening the width of the throat with equal facility to the slides in other planes used for a similar purpose.

If desired, the tongue or blade may be strengthened by forming ribs h upon the top surface thereof, as shown in the drawings, the body or stock A being made with a wide longitudinal rib and deep groove underneath, as Shown at A’, to receive the same.

It is obvious that the construction we have adopted in making plate E and the forward end of the stock in which it is arranged admits of the least possible amount of stock being used in accomplishing the desired result, thus reducing the cost thereof to a minimum, while at the same time producing a very strong, durable, and easy-working plane. By said construction the greater portion of the stock of said plane is made solid and grooved in front of the throat, as well as back of the same, the advantages of which will at once be apparent to those skilled in the art to which our invention appertains.

We are aware of United States Patents No. 153,399, to G. M. Thompson, dated July 21, 1874, and No. 81,879, to A. H. Comp, dated September 8, 1868, which show, respectively, the corrugation of the top and bottom of the plane bed or stock and the use of a T-shaped plate in the under side of said stock, and we therefore make no claim thereto, broadly. In view of said patents we limit our invention to the specific construction herein specified, and pointed out in the claims.

Having thus described our said invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. In a bench-plane, the combination of the stock or body having a T-shaped recess in its under side in front of the throat, with the widest part thereof next to said throat, with the T-shaped plate E, fitted to slide longitudinally in said bottom recess, vertical screw-bolt f fastened to the top of said plate E, preferably to the tongue portion E’ thereof, and screw-handle g, having a threaded opening to receive the upper threaded portion of the screw-bolt, and whereby when said handle is turned the plate may be clamped to the stock after adjustment, substantially as shown and described.

2. In a bench-plane, the combination of the stock or body having its bottom and top surfaces corrugated in the manner described, and also having a T-shaped recess in its under side in front of the throat, with the widest part thereof next to said throat, with the T-shaped plate E, fitted to slide longitudinally in said bottom recess, vertical screw-bolt f fastened to the top of said plate E, preferably to the tongue portion E’ thereof, and screw-handle g, having a threaded opening to receive the upper threaded portion of the screw-bolt, and whereby when said handle is turned the plate may be clamped to the stock after adjustment, substantially as shown and described.

IVER JOHNSON.
REINHARD T. TORKELSON.

Witnesses:
ALBERT A. BARKER,
WALTER B. NOURSE.

No. 379,940 – Block-Rabbet Plane (Joseph Doray) (1888)

[paiddownloads id=”432″]379940

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOSEPH DORAY, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

BLOCK-RABBET PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 379,940, dated March 27, 1888.
Application filed August 15, 1887. Serial No. 247,032. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH DORAY, of the city and county of Worcester, and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Block-Rabbet; and I do hereby-declare that the following is a full description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and the letters of reference marked thereon, forming a part of this specification, and in which —

Figure 1 represents a side view of my said block-rabbet ready for use. Fig. 2 represents a longitudinal vertical central section of the device and the parts of which it is composed, except the knife or cutter, which is not shown in section. Fig. 3 represents a cross-section on line x x, Fig. 1, looking in the direction indicated by the arrow, Fig. 1; and Fig. 4 represents a top or plan view of the knife or cutter detached, as will be hereinafter more fully described and explained.

To enable those skilled in the art to which my invention belongs to make and use the same, l will now describe the invention more in detail.

In the drawings, A represents the complete device ready for use. The part marked B represents the metal shell or case, and is made in a peculiar manner. The right-hand end of the device is made with an opening to permit the right-hand end of the part C to project out flush with the outer surface of the end of the shell B, while the shoulders j and k of the part C rest or abut against the shoulders h and i of the shell B, all as fully shown in Fig. 2. The upper left-hand end of the filling-piece C is made with an inclined or wedge-shaped surface to receive and support the rear part of the cutting end of the knife and its shank end, as fully indicated in the drawings.

The wooden filling-piece D is made inclined up or wedge-shaped on its under side (right-hand end) to iit against and hold the wedge or holding-piece H, while its upper edge (right-hand end) is made in curved form, as shown at D’, to fit the inner upper curved part, B’, of the shell B. The under surface of the left-hand end is inclined up or in wedge shape as it extends back from the middle of said piece. The wooden filling-piece E is made, in this instance, with a notch, f to fit over the projection e on the inner surface of the bottom of the left-hand end of the shell B, while the upper surface of the filling-piece E is inclined down or in wedge shape from its inner to its outer end.

Between the left-hand ends of the wooden filling-pieces C and D is inserted wedge-piece F.

For the convenience of the constructor or user in putting the part C in place, a notch, g, is made in the upper inclined edge of the part C to receive the end of a forcing stick. In the proper and best use of the tool the slot or slit d should extend from side to side, so that the cutting end c will be as wide as the shell or case is thick, and to enable the operator to insert the cutter or knife G, the space between the parts C and D is great enough to let the knife run down when turned up edgewise at an angle of about thirty degrees until it reaches the opening I, in which it can be turned down into place and fastened by the holding-wedge H. By this mode of construction the opening or slit d can be made quite narrow, just wide enough to let the edge of the knife through and allow the passage of a very thin shaving.

By making the knife or cutter G thin and flat, as shown, excepting the parts provided with the bevels b b and c, the device is rendered light, while at the same time, where it is clamped by the holding-wedge H, being flat and thin, it readily yields to the pressure of said wedge and conforms to the surfaces between which it is clamped, and is thus clamped and securely held in position. Then, again, by making the lower end thick and providing it with bevels b b on its sides a cutting-edge, c, can be obtained, which, when the cutter is in position, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, will cut the full width of the metal shell or case, and which cutting end is held firmly to its work by the end of the holding-wedge H bearing and wedging thereon, as also shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings, while by the notch a the cutter can be drawn back and adjusted after the holding-wedge H has been loosened. It will thus be seen that the outer thin flat end of the cutter will readily bend or yield, and will be caught, clamped, and firmly held at some point back of the point where the lower end of the holding-wedge rests upon the lower thin flat end of the cutter, and that, too, without any undue straining of the parts.
The piece of wood filling C is first run into place, then the wood filling-piece D is inserted, then the piece E, and then the wedge-piece F is driven in, thereby fastening the parts C, D, E, and F securely in position in the shell or case B, which, as before stated, is made of metal. In practice I prefer to apply glue to the sides and edges of the wedge-holding piece F before it is driven in, thereby rendering the parts D, E, and F as firm as if made of a single piece. A single piece, it will be noticed, could not be inserted.

If preferred in any case, the wedge F may be dispensed with, also the notch f and projection e, and the piece E made to wedge with the piece D, and if glued before being driven in will be fastened to the part D, the curved projection D’ preventing the parts from moving either forward or back. I prefer, however, to make the parts as shown inthe drawings.

The shell or case B, it will be noticed, is made and adapted for this tool, and the same is true of the knife or cutter, neither of which is suitable for usein any other tool. By my mode of construction the tool can be made very cheap, and so strong are all the parts united that one will last a man’s life-time.

Those skilled in the art will readily understand and appreciate the great practical value and utility of my said invention. The tool can be made small, even small enough to be carried in the pocket, and thus be ever at hand for use. This tool takes the place of a chisel in finishing the corners of rabbets, repairing beadings, and like work, while the work can be done much quicker and more perfectly than in the ordinary manner, and when the great amount of this work required in finishing good articles and buildings is considered the saving in time and expense by the use of my said invention, even in the hands of a single work man, is large.

Having described my newly-invented block-rabbet, what I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. The combination, with the metal shell or case B, of the wood filling or parts C, D, and E, knife G, and holding-wedge H, as shown and described, and for the purposes set forth.

2. The combination, with shell or case B, provided with the projection e, of the wooden filling-piece E, having the notch j, to receive the projection e, as and for the purposes set forth.

3. The combination, with the metal shell or case B, made as described, of the wooden filling pieces C, D, and E and wooden wedge-piece F, substantially as shown and described, and for the purposes set forth.

4. The knife or cutter G for a block-rabbet, having a thin flat end with a notch, a, and a thick cutting end with top beveled edges b b and c, as described and shown, and for the purposes stated.

5. A metal shell or case, B, for a block-rabbet, provided with lips or shoulders h and i, projection e, opening I, and narrow slit d, all as shown and described, and for the purposes stated.

JOSEPH DORAY.

Witnesses:
THOS. H. DODGE,
GEO. E. SAVAGE.

No. 371,482 – Bench-Plane (Eamor A. Teed And Frank B. Low) (1887)

[paiddownloads id=”425″]371482

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

EAMOR A. TEED, OF LOWELL, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO JOEL A. BARTLETT,
OF CHELMSFORD, AND FRANK B. LOW, OF LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 371,482, dated October 11, 1887.
Application filed March 12, 1887. Serial No. 230,651. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EAMOR A. TEED, a citizen of the United States, residing at Lowell, in the county of Middlesex and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to bench-planes; and it consists in the means, hereinafter described, whereby the stock of the plane may in effect be lengthened to enable one plane to serve the purpose of one or more planes of greater length than the plane to which the improvement is applied.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is an isometric perspective view of a plane with my improvement applied thereto; Fig. 2, an isometric perspective view of my improvement detached; Fig. 3, a vertical cross section on the line x x in Fig. 5; Fig. 4, a central longitudinal section of the rear part of the plane proper and the rear part of my improvement; Fig. 5, a central vertical section of my improvement and a side elevation of the plane.

The improvement, hereinafter described, may be applied to any so-called “iron bench-plane” — that is, a bench-plane having an iron stock — and is here shown as used in connection with a “Bailey smooth-plane,” the construction of which is well known and needs no particular description.

lt is sufficient to say that A represents the stock, a the plane-iron, and H H’ the plane-handles.

The only change that requires to be made in the plane proper to enable my improvement to be applied to it is to form two grooves, a’, one on each side of the stock leading from near the point of the same to said point, and providing the handle H’ with a depression, h, for purposes hereinafter stated.

My improvement consists of a shoe, S, which in general appearance is like the bottom and sides of the stock, but longer, and provided with an opening, s, through the bottom of the same, of a shape and size adapted to receive and fit the sole of the stock A. The shoe S is provided with pins s’, (shown in Figs. 2, 3,and 5,) adapted to enter the grooves a’ and to fit the same, and is also provided with a vertical post, s2, arranged in the rear of the slot s, which vertical post supports an inclined screw, s3, the head s4 of which is preferably milled to enable it to be turned readily by the fingers, the point of said screw entering the depression h, above mentioned as being formed in the handle H’, to prevent the rear end of the plane from rising out of the slot s. The relative positions of the grooves a’, pins s’, screw s3, and depression h, are such as to hold the sole of the stock A and the bottom of the shoe S in the same plane, the rear ends of the grooves a’ being at the same height above the sole of the stock as the pins s’ are above the bottom of the shoe, and the deepest part of the depression h fitting the point of the screw s3 and being at the same height above the sole of the stock as the point of said screw, when turned into said depression, is above the bottom of the shoe. The depression h, instead of being made directly in the wood of the handle, is preferably made in the head of a metallic screw, h’, driven into the handle against the screw h2, which secures the handle H’ to the detachable face-plate.

The plane is inserted in the shoe-point first and pushed forward until the pins s’ reach the rear ends of the grooves a’, and the rear of the plane is then depressed until the lower surfaces of the stock A and the shoe S are in the same plane. loosening the screw s3 the rear end of the plane may be lifted out of the slot s, and the stock being then drawn backward is disengaged from the shoe.

By means of the improvement above described a common smooth-plane can be used with the shoe as a fore-plane or jointer, and the expense of such a shoe is trifling compared with the cost of a plane, and the time required to apply or remove the shoe is of no importance.

I claim as my invention —

1. A shoe provided with a slot adapted to receive a plane-stock and means, substantially as described, of holding the bottom of said shoe in the same plane with the bottom of said stock, as and for the purpose specified.

2. The combination of the plane having a handle, and having a stock provided with grooves near its point, and a shoe slotted to receive said stock, and having inwardly-projecting pins adapted to enter and fits said grooves, and having a post, a screw turning in said-post and thrusting into a depression with which said handle is provided to hold the lower surfaces of said stock and shoe in the same plane, as and for the purpose specified.

EAMOR A. TEED.

Witnesses:
ALBERT M. MOORE,
EDWARD W. THOMPSON.

Corrections in Letters Patent No. 371,482.

It is hereby certified that the name of one of the assignees in Letters Patent No. 371,482, granted October 11, 1887, upon the application of Eamor A. Teed, of Lowell, Massachusetts, for an improvement in “Bench-Planes,” was erroneously written and printed “Frank B. Low,” whereas said name should have been written and printed Frank B. Dow. Also that errors appear in the printed specification requiring correction as follows: In line 75, page 1, the word “face-plate” should read shoe and in line 76, same page, the hyphen between the words “shoe” and “point” should be stricken out; and that the Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed, countersigned, and sealed this 8th day of November, A. D. 1887.

[SEAL.]

D. L. HAWKINS,
Acting Secretary of the Interior.

Countersigned:
R. B. VANCE,
Acting Commissioner of Patents.

No. 367,071 – Gage For Wood-Working Planes (Edward B. Shepardson) (1887)

[paiddownloads id=”423″]367071

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

EDWARD B. SHEPARDSON, OF GREENFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS.

GAGE FOR WOOD-WORKING PLANES.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 367,071, dated July 26, 1887.
Application filed April 6, 1887. Serial No. 233,912. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD B, SHEPARDSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Greenfield, in the county of Franklin and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gages for Wood-Working Planes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention is an improvement in gages as attachments to woodworking planes; and it has for its object to provide an attachment to planes of hollow metal construction, one part of which is adjustable about an axis of motion to any required angle with reference to the bottom surface of the plane to which said gage is attached, so that a guide will be formed to fit against one surface of the material and slide against the same as the bottom of said plane rides over an edge of said material, cutting the same and forming an angle with reference to anotherside of said material greater or less than a right angle.

Mechanics who are in the habit of using wood-working tools are familiar with the difficulties encountered in beveling the edge of a board where the eye and feeling or judgment alone are depended upon in making the required angle. It is desirable, in view of such difficulties, that a good and simple device be provided, so that the operation of beveling may be only mechanical. Such devices have been invented, I am aware, as applicable to planes the stocks of which are of wood. My gage is intended to be applied to a plane the stock of which is of metal. My gage is formed, in the main, of two pieces of metal hinged together. One of said sections consists of a horizontal bar having at each of its two ends projections of T form, the bar, with its two ends, forming an H, as seen from the outside. Each of the T ends is bent inward nearly at right angles. The upper of these bent ends forms lugs for clamping-screws, and the lower of said bent portions is slotted and connected by a bracing-bar. The lower part of the gage is composed of a bar of U shape, the inner plane-surface of which is smooth, and the ends of said bar form tongues, which enter the slots in the upper portion of said gage where the two said parts are hinged together. Bifurcated pieces, forming clevises, project outward from the H -bar and the U -bar, and in these are pivoted or hinged screw-threaded nuts. A right-and-left screw provided with a thumb-piece on its center engages these nuts, and when operated increases or diminishes the angle between the two parts of the gage.

In my drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation of the gage as seen from the outside. Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section of the same, showing the application of the gage to a plane and the relation of the latter to a piece of material being beveled.

Similar reference-letters indicate like parts in both of the figures.

Referring to the drawings, A is the horizontal bar of the upper portion of the gage, and B B’ are the T ends ofthe same, provided with bent portions a a’ b b’, the latter of which are connected by the strengthening-bar C.

d d’ are slots formed in the bent ends b b’, which receive the tongues e e’ of the lower portion of the gage.

D is the lower portion of the gage, formed as previously stated, the tongue ends of which are hinged in the slots of the T-pieces B B’. The long bar of the upper portion of the gage and the curved bar of the lower portion of the same have projecting from their centers outward bifurcated pieces or clevises E E’. In the outer ends of these clevises are pivoted swivel-nuts f f’, adapted to receive the right and left ends of the double screw F.

The bent T ends a a’ have screw-threaded openings to receive the screws G G’, the clamping ends of which latter may be threadless.

In applying this gage to a plane I place the bent portions a a’ on one of the side walls, with the long bar A resting against the outside of said wall and the clamping-screws — not yet driven down — against the inside of the same. The gage should be so placed upon the plane that one of the clamping-screws shall be in front of the handle and the other rearward of the same. When the screws are driven down to place, they impinge upon the bottom plate of the plane and draw the bent ends b b’ of the gage up against the bottom surface of said plane, and the gage is thus firmly held to place.

It may be observed that the interior angles between the T-pieces and portions a a’ are less than right angles, so that the screws when driven home find their places in the angle of the plane formed by the inner surface of the bottom and the inner surface of the said side wall. The gage being thus firmly secured to the plane, when the angle of the bevel to be made is determined the lower or U -shaped bar of the gage is moved about its axis by the right-and-left screw G G’ until the proper angle is formed. The gage is now applied with the plane to the piece of material to be planed in such a manner that the inner surface of the U-shaped bar rests against one side of said material and the bottom surface of the plane upon the edge of the same to be beveled.

The operator has only to keep the gage upon the guiding-surface of the material as he operates the plane to insure accurate work.

Having thus described my invention, whatl claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

In a gage for use with wood-working planes, the combination, with the upper portion provided with clamping-screws, a swivel-nut, and jaws or bearings for the same, of the lower portion of said gage hinged to the said upper portion, provided with a swivel-nut and jaws or bearings for the same, and the right-and-left screw engaging said swivel-nuts to adjust the two portions, the one with reference to the other, as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

EDWARD B. SHEPARDSON.

Witnesses:
JAMES S. GRINNELL,
FRANKLIN G. FESSENDEN.

No. 350,352 – Router-Plane (John L. De Huff) (1886)

[paiddownloads id=”414″]350352

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN L. DE HUFF, OF READING, MASSACHUSETTS.

ROUTER-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 350,352, dated October 5, 1886.
Application filed February 20, 1886. Serial No. 192,667. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN L. DE HUFF, of Reading, in the connty of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Router-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to planes used by pattern or cabinet makers, and particularly to what are known as “router-planes,” employed for grooving or channelling wood-work.

It is the object of my invention to construct a device of the character mentioned which shall be more serviceable than those heretofore employed, in that it will not be liable to become clogged or obstructed in its operations by shavings, may be readily adjusted to tools or plane-irons of different forms and sizes, and may have other points of advantage, all as hereinafter fully described, and subsequently pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings hereto annexed and forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 represents a top plan view of my improved router-plane, one handle being shown as removed; Fig. 2, a front view; Fig. 3, a vertical section on the line x x, Fig. 2; Fig. 4, a section on the line y y, Fig. 2; and Fig. 5, an end view.

Similar letters of reference indicate similar parts in all of the figures.

In the drawings, a represents the stock of the plane, b, the sole thereof, c, the handles, and d the cutting-tool or plane-iron. As shown, the sole is formed in two equal sections, adjustable longitudinally on the stock by means of a screw-threaded stem or stud, e, secured to the upper surface of each sole-section a, which stem or stud projects through an elongated slot, f, in the stock, and upon which the handles are secured by being screwed thereon, as clearly represented in Figs. 3 and 5. A washer is preferably interposed between the base of the handle and the upper surface of the stock. By the construction described the stem or stud e serves the purpose of attaching the handle to the stock, and, inconnection with the handle, of clamping the sole-sections b to the stock proper at any point thereon within the limit of its adjustment, and an open channel, c*, from front to rear of the plane, is formed between the sole-sections. Each sole-section is provided on its upper surlhce with ribs g, extending along the sides thereof, as shown in Figs. 1 and 5, and the under surface of the stock proper, at both sides of its center, is provided with ribs h h’, the sides of which ribs are adapted to slide in correspondingly shaped grooves formed in the ribs g on the sole. (See Fig. 4.) Rib h’ on the under surface of the stock is constructed to move between the ribs g to form a close joint or connection between the stock and sole, and thus avoid liability of shavings becoming caught between the parts and obstructing the operations of the device. Any other construction and arrangement of ribs g and h to answer the same purpose would be within the scope of my invention.

The stock is cast or otherwise formed with a chamber, i, at its center, and with lugs j j projecting laterally from above and below said chambered part. Holes k and l are bored through the upper and lower portion of the chambered portion, and rod m, fitted to turn in holes k, is extended therethrough, as clearly shown in Fig. 4. Said rod is screw-threaded on that portion passing through the chamber, and is so stepped in the lower portion of the stock proper as to turn or rotate in holes k, but not to move vertically therein, a head, n, being secured to the upper end of said rod, whereby it maybe rotated. The holes l in the lugs j are adapted to receive the stem o of the plane-iron or cutting-tool. The screw-threaded portion of the rod in passes through a corresponding screw-threaded hole in a traveler, p, within chamber i, whereby by turning said rod said traveler may be raised or lowered thereon within said chamber. Said traveler is provided with a split clamp-extension q, through which the stem of the plane-iron is adapted to pass, and in which it is adapted to be clamped or secured by means of a bolt passing through ears r of said split clamp portion.

It will now be understood that a cutting tool or iron of any character may be secured in the clamp of the traveler at any horizontal angle therein, and adjusted by means of the rod on to any desired height, while the sole parts b b of the stock can be adjusted to a position as close to or far from the tool as the size or form of the cutting portion of the planer-iron may require.

Experience has demonstrated that a router-plane constructed in accordance with my invention is serviceable in the highest degree in all the uses for which a tool of that character is designed, and that there is no liability of the device becoming clogged or obstructed in its operation by shavings or chips cut from the material being operated upon. The edges of the soles are given a sloping form, and a gage, s, grooved to fit said edges, is secured thereon by means of thumb-screws t, as shown in the drawings. This gage is adapted to operate against the edge of the material being grooved or channeled, by which means the groove may lie formed in different pieces, the material at precisely the same distance from the edge, all as will be readily understood by those skilled in the art.

I do not confine myself or expect to be confined to the precise form and arrangement of parts shown and described, as these may be changed without departing from the spirit of the invention.

What I claim is —

1. A router-plane having its sole portion formed in two parts, one or both of said parts being adjustable longitudinally on the stock to and from the side or sides of the planer-iron or cutting-tool, as set forth.

2. A router-plane provided with a planer-iron or cutting-tool adjustable vertically therein, and having its sole portion formed in two parts longitudinally adjustable on both sides of the planer-iron or cutting-tool, as set forth.

3. The router-plane having flanges h h’, formed on its lower surface, and sectional sole portions a, having ribs g formed on their upper surfaces, said flanges h being adapted to move on ways on said ribs, and means for clamping or securing said sole portions to the stock at any desired position on both sides of the planer-iron or cutting-tool, as set forth.

4. A router-plane having its sole portion
formed in two parts, slots formed in the stock proper, studs or rods secured to the upper surface of said sectional sole parts and projecting through said slots, means for securing the handles of the planer to said studs and at the same time adjusting the sole parts at any desired point on the stock on one or both sides of
the planer-iron or cutting-tool, as set forth.

5. The combination, with the stock provided with the chamber i and lugs j, having the holes k and l formed therein, of the rod m, traveler p, provided with the split clamp portion q, having ears n, the clamping-bolt in said ears, and the cutting-iron d, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 10th day of February, 1886.

JOHN L. DE HUFF.

Witnesses:
ARTHUR W. CROSSLEY,
C. F. BROWN.