Tag: Dado Planes

No. 1,393,991 – Plane (John M. Dodenhof) (1921)

[paiddownloads id=”729″]1393991

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN H. DODENHOF, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

PLANE.

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1,393,991. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Oct. 18, 1921.
Application filed September 24, 1920. Serial No. 412,431.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN M. DODENHOF a citizen of the United States, residing at St. Louis, in the county of St. Louis and State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to planes for dove-tailing tongue and grooving, dado work and the like, and the primary object of the invention is to provide an improved attachment for planes of this character, which is so constructed that dove tail tongue and grooving can be cut at any angle in an expeditious and simple manner.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved guide for dove tail tongue and grooving work and the like, which will hold the plane and its cutting blade at the correct and desired angle, the guide being so arranged and associated with the main stock of the plane in such a manner as to permit the same to be swung at any angle and at any distance from the main stock.

A still further object of the invention is to provide an improved sliding section for the main stock of the plane, so as to permit various sizes and shapes of cutting blades to be used with the plane, the sliding section being formed in separate pieces which are adjustable toward and away from the work, and toward the main stock.

A still further object of the invention is to provide an improved attachment for planes of the above character, which will be durable and efficient in use, one that will be simple and easy to manufacture, and one which can be placed upon the market and associated witii planes at a reasonable cost.

With these and other objects in view, the invention consists in the novel construction, arrangement and formation of parts as will be hereinafter more specifically described, claimed and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which drawings:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the improved plane showing the same in use, the work being shown in longitudinal section.

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the plane and its attachment.

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the plane and its attachment showing the use of the same for making dove tail grooves, the work being shown in transverse section.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary side elevation of the plane and attachment looking in the opposite direction from Fig. 1, illustrating the position of the plane and attachment when in use, the work being shown in section, and

Fig. 5 is a detail transverse section taken through the main stock and sliding section illustrating the means of adjustably connecting the sliding section with the main stock.

Referring to the drawings in detail, wherein similar reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout the several views, the letter A indicates the plane, B, its sliding section, and C, the improved adjustable guide therefor.

The plane A may be of the usual or any preferred form and of any desired make, or of the type utilized for making dove tails, tongue and grooving, dado work and the like. As shown the plane A includes the main stock 10 having the handle 11 arranged on one end of the same. The main stock 10 is provided with the usual cutting blade or tool guide 12 for the tool or blade 13. As shown the guide is arranged at an angle to the vertical in the usual manner and is provided with the usual holding blade nut and bolt 14’. As shown the bolt extends transversely of the stock. The handle 11 supports at its forward end the usual adjusting device 14, which may be of any preferred construction. The main stock 10 is provided with the straight laterally extending hollow bosses 15, which slidably support the guide arms 16, which are held in their preferred adjusted positions by means of set screws or the like 17. These arms 16 may be of any preferred length and are utilized for supporting the sliding section B and the improved attachment C.

The improved sliding section B of the plane is constructed similar to the usual sliding sections for planes of this character, with the exception that the same is constructed in three sections, namely, the forward body section 20, the rear body section 21 and the connecting bridge piece 22. The body sections 20 and 21 are formed of any preferred material and are in direct vertical alinement with each other and are adapted to receive between the same the cutting blades or tools which are carried by the main stock 10. The forward edge of the body piece 21 of the sliding section B is inclined to conform to the inclination of the guide 12 for the cutting tool or blade.

The bridge piece 22 may be connected to the body sections 20 and 21 in any preferred manner, and if so desired the terminals thereof may be welded or brazed to the body section. As shown the bridge piece 22 is substantially arcuate shaped in plan and is so shaped as to permit blades or cutting tools of various widths to be used. The body pieces 20 and 21 are provided with inclined guide slots 23, which slidably receive the flattened or polygonal shaped terminals 25 of the guide arms 16. It can be seen that the slidin section B may be raised or lowered according to the depth of the groove, tongue or the like being made. To hold the sliding section B in its adjusted position, the flattened or polygonal shaped terminals 25 of the guide arms 16 are provided with threaded bores for the set screws 26 which are adapted to frictionally engage the outer surface of the sliding section B. If so desired the sliding section B may be provided with the swinging spur 27 for cross grain work.

The improved attachment or side section C includes the flat rectangular shaped plate or bottom 28, which is adapted to engage the work and hold the main stock 10 with its cutting blade or tool at the desired angle for making the desired dove tail groove or tongue. The upper surface of the base plate or bottom 28 is provided adjacent to its opposite ends with the upstanding ears 29 which are connected to the lower terminals of the adjusting screw threaded stems 30 by means of pivot ins or the like 31. These screw threaded adjusting stems 30 are slidably carried by blocks 32 which are provided with transverse bores for the reception of the guide arms 16. It can be seen by referring to Fig. 2 of the drawings that the blocks 32 project laterally from the guide arms 16 and are adjustably mounted thereon toward or away from the main stock 10. These blocks are held in their adjusted positions on the guide arms by means of set screws or the like 34. It is to be also noted that not only are the guide arms themselves adjustable but that the blocks 32 are adjustably mounted thereon.

The screw threaded guide stems 30 are, as stated, slidably carried by the blocks 32 and these stems are held in their adjusted positions by means of upper and lower lock nuts 33 which are threaded on the stems into engagement with the opposite sides of the blocks. The lower terminals of the stems 30 are provided with the outwardly extending rigid plates 35, which adjustably support the screw threaded members 36, which are adapted to engage the upper surface of the guide plate or bottom 28 for holding the same at the desired angle in relation to the main stock 10 of the plane A. These screws 36 are held in their adjusted position by means of nuts 37 which are threaded thereon into engagement with the plates 35.

In operation of the plane and guide, the desired tool or cutting blade is placed in the guide 12 in the usual manner and the blade or tool is adjusted by means of the device 14. The sliding section B is then adjusted toward the blade by means of the sliding arms 16 until the section is at the desired point. The guide plate or bottom 28 is then slid on the guide arms 16 to the desired point and held in place by means of the set screws 34 provided for that purpose, after which the plate or bottom 28 is swung to the desired angle at which the dove tail grooves or tongues are to be made on the pivot pins 31, after which the set screws 36 are adjusted so as to hold the plates or bottoms in this position. The plate or bottom engaging the work will effectively hold the main stock 10 and its cutting blade at the desired angle and the dove tail will be made with the desired inclination to the walls thereof. The depth of the groove to be made can be determined by the distance on the plate 28 from the tool and this distance can be varied as desired by means of the threaded stem 30. If so desired, the position of the plate 28 can be changed from one side to the other to suit varying conditions.

The plane, if so desired, can also be used with the usual sliding section and fence (not shown) for rabbeting or the like, but the same forms no part of this invention.

Changes in details may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of this invention; but, I claim:

1. In a plane, the combination with a main stock, a sliding section adjustably carried by the main stock and arranged in parallel relation to the main stock, a cutting blade arranged between the sliding section and the main stock, of a guide including a laterally projecting pivoted plate arranged to turn both in a plane at right angles to the stock and in a plane parallel to the stock and sliding section, and means for varying the angle of the plate in relation to the main stock, sliding section and blade.

2. In a plane, the combination with a main stock, a sliding section adjustably carried by the main stock and arranged in spaced parallel relation thereto, a cutting blade arranged between the main stock and sliding section, of a guide including a laterally projecting plate adjustably toward and away from the main stock, means pivotally securing the plate in position to permit the same to turn both in a lane at right angles to the stock and sliding section and in a plane parallel to the stock and section, means for raising and lowering the plate in relation to the stock, and means for varying the angle of the plate in relation to the stock.

3. In a plane, the combination with a main stock, a sliding section adjustably carried by the main stock, a cutting blade arranged between the main stock and sliding section, of a guide including a laterally projecting substantially rectangular shaped plate, means pivotally securing the plate in position to permit the same to turn both in a plane parallel to the stock and sliding section and in a plane at an angle to the stock and sliding section, means for adjusting the height of the plate in relation to the main stock, sliding section and blade, and means for varying the angle of the plate in relation to the stock.

4. In a plane, the combination with a main stock, a pair of sliding guide arms carried by the stock, means for holding the guide arms in adjusted position, a sliding section adjustably carried by the guide arm, means for holding the sliding section in adjusted position, a cutting blade arranged intermediate the sliding section and main stock, of a guide including a pair of blocks adjustably mounted on the guide arm, threaded stems slidably carried by the blocks, means for holding the threaded stems in adjusted position in relation to the blocks, a substantially rectangular shaped flat plate pivotally carried by the lower ends of the stems, and means for holding the plate in adjusted position in relation to the stems.

5. As a new article of manufacture, a guide for bench planes comprising a flat plate, a pair of pivoted stems carried by the upper surface of the plate, blocks adjustably carried by the stems, means for holding the stems and the blocks in adjusted relation to each other, laterally projecting plates rigidly carried by the stems adjacent to their lower ends, adjustable set screws carried by the laterally projecting plates arranged to engage the upper surface of the first mentioned plate, the blocks having transversely extending bores therein, and set screws carried by the blocks arranged to extend into said bores.

JOHN M. DODENHOF.

No. 1,134,072 – Plane (Christian Bodmer) (1915)

[paiddownloads id=”702″]1134072

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHRISTIAN BODMER, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR. TO THE STANLEY RULE &
LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

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1,134,072. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Mar. 30, 1915.
Application filed November 5, 1914. Serial No. 870,356.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHRISTIAN BODMER, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to that class of planes commonly termed “dado” planes, the main function of which is to cut a groove across a grain of a piece of wood. Such a plane should be so constructed as to effectively score the wood ahead of the cutter.

One of the objects of my invention is to provide a simple and improved device for performing this operation.

Another object is to provide an improved plane body, so designed as to reliably carry the various parts thereon, said parts being so placed and spaced as to render the plane easy to operate, and under perfect control at all times.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved plane. Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof. Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3–3. Fig. 4 is a section on the line 4–4. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the scoring tool. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the cutter.

The plane body or frame is formed integrally of cast iron, and has a central web section and lateral flanges so disposed as to make the frame comparatively light, and yet of maximum strength, the said several parts of the plane body or frame being so disposed or distributed, so a.s to afford a high degree of stability by a comparatively small amount of material.

1 represents the web portion, which is, as seen, comparatively thin, and occupies a position centrally in the plane body, and in the same plane as the runner or sole, except near the center, where the said web is offset sufficiently to form guide channels for the scoring tool and cutters.

2 represents the scoring tool, and 3 represents the cutter. The scoring tool is adjustably mounted in a vertical guide-way, and in line with the runner portion indicated at 4, the runner portion is interrupted intermediate its length to allow the effective ends of the scoring tool 2 and the cutter 3 to project down to the working position. At the rear of the plane body, the web section is extended upwardly to form the handle portion, the handle portion being bounded by the flanges 5, 6, 7 and 8, which extend on opposite sides of the web, these flanges being suitably rounded to at the hand.

9 is a circular opening located between the rear ends of the scoring tool 2 and the cutter 3, the said opening being bounded by a flange integrally connected with the web, and with a bridge flange 10 connected with the upper end of the handle. This opening is designed to receive the thumb of the left hand, while the right hand engages the handle. By this construction, the user is afforded a convenient and effective means for applying both hands to the tool in such a manner as to have the tool under complete control at all times, whereby it may be used with the greatest ease, facility and accuracy. Extending forward from the flange surrounding the thumb opening 9 is a flanged portion 11, which extends down to the toe of the plane. Extending rearwardly from the flange around the thumb opening 9 is a flanged portion 12, which merges into the fianged portion 13, directly in front of the hand opening, just forward of the handle. The flanged portion 3 extends forwardly to a point just to the rear of the cutter 3, where it is interrupted to allow the scoring tool 2 and cutter to pass. This flange is then continued onwardly, as at 8a, the bottom of the flange 8a being in the same plane with the bottom of the flange 8.

The scoring tool and cutter may be adjustably held in place by any suitable means, such as screws 14–14, which pass through slots in the said tools and take a threaded engagement in the web of the plane body adjacent thereto.

15 is an adjustable depth gage, which may be mounted just ahead of and close to the scoring tool 2.

The scoring tool is made of substantially the same width or thickness as the cutter, and is provided with a deep groove 2a to provide two beveled scoring edges designed to score the wood in advance of the cutter along two lines coincident with the overall width of the cutter, so that as the cutter proceeds into the wood, it will be prevented from chipping the same, and will make a clean cut of the full width of the score lines. The cutter should be of a width or thickness slightly in excess of the thickness of the runner 4, so that said runner 4 will not jam in the groove, and yet will be sufficiently steadied thereby to guide the cutter.

It will be observed that the flanges by extending on both sides of the web, reinforce the same and prevent buckling. Also that the lower flange forms a substantially flat sole below which extends the runner portion which is divided by the throat where the cutters are located, the rear end of the front sole section and the front end of the rear sole section affording seats for the cutters. Inasmuch as the runner portion is in the plane of the web, that is to say, is approximately centrally located relatively to the sole, both sides of the runner portions may be properly smoothed off or machined so that the releasing of the surface tension on one side of the runner portion is compensated by the releasing of surface tension on the opposite side thereof thus avoiding any tendency to buckling strain which might be present if the runner were machined on only one side.

What I claim is:

1. In a plane, an integral body casting comprising a longitudinal web section, lateral flange reinforcements bordering said web section and extending on each side thereof, the lower flange forming a flat sole, a relatively thin runner depending below said sole and in the plane of the web, said runner being separated intermediate its length to form a front runner section and a rear runner section, said runner sections being bridged and reinforced by said flanged web.

2. In a plane, an integral body casting comprising a longitudinal web section, lateral flange reinforcements bordering said web section and extending on each side thereof, the lower flange forming a flat sole, a relatively thin runner depending below said sole and in the plane of the web, said runner being separated intermediate its length to form a front runner section and a rear runner section, said runner sections being bridged and reinforced by said flanged web, two cutter guide grooves in the body casting in the plane of the runner, both grooves leading to the space separating the front and rear runner sections, the rear end of the front runner section and the forward end of the rear runner section forming cutter seats.

CHRISTIAN BODMER.

Witnesses:
JOHN V. JEWETT,
IRENE L. REYNOLDS.

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Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
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No. 984,610 – Dado-Plane (Henry Smiley) (1911)

[paiddownloads id=”677″]984610

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

HENRY SMILEY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

DADO-PLANE.

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984,610. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Feb. 21, 1911.
Application filed November 30, 1909. Serial No. 530,706.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY SMILEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dado-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to that class of groove cutting planes usually termed dado planes, and it has for its object the effecting of the improvements in details of construction hereinafter set forth.

Referring to the drawings forming part of this specification, Figure 1 is a side view of a plane made in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a side view of the metallic part thereof, the wooden section forming part thereof being represented as removed. Fig. 3 is an edge view of the plane from beneath. Fig. 3a is an end view of the blade-engaging block. Fig. 3b is an end view of the blade-wedge. Fig. 4 is a transverse section on the dotted line X–X in Fig. 1; this and the following views being on a slightly larger scale than the preceding. Fig. 5 is a transverse section on the dotted line Y–Y in Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal vertical section of a part of the plane showing the gage for permitting adjustment of the depth to which the plane can cut. Fig. 7 is a similar view but from the opposite side. Fig. 8 is a side elevation of a portion of the plane from a point opposite to that from which Fig. 1 is taken. Fig. 9 is a transverse sectional view of the plane through the center of the grooving cutters. Fig. 10 is a perspective view of said grooving cutters. Fig. 11 is a face view of the cutting blade of the plane. Fig. 12 is a face view of one of the U-shaped locking devices.

The plane comprises two main parts, one of metal containing the operating members, and the other of wood or the like inclosing said members at one side and having the handle 1. Said metallic portion consists of the thin plate 3 from which rise certain ribs and also the bosses 4 into which are tapped the screws 5 by means of which said wooden part 6 is secured to said metallic part.

The blade 7, shown in Figs. 2 and 11, rests against the rib-section 8 and also against the adjusting block 9, being made to share the longitudinal movement of the latter by means of one of its transverse grooves 10 into which projects the rib 11 of said block. This block is moved along the surface of the inclined rib 12 by means of the adjusting screw 13; the latter being turned by its head 14, and held against longitudinal displacement by bearing 15 and the U-shaped locking device 16 located in a transverse slot in said bearing and engaging an annular groove 17 in the screw. Fig. 12 shows this locking device in face view, while Fig. 9 shows a duplicate of the same in section. Above the cutting edge of said blade 7 is a shaving-deflector mouth 18, which, as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, is so conformed as to perfectly eject all the shavings ploughed up by said blade. As indicated by Fig. 1, said mouth is substantially horse-shoe shaped vertically, while, as in Fig. 3 it is trumpet shaped laterally, thereby performing the function above set forth. Said blade is clamped in place by the vertically moved triangular block 19, the means for its movement being the thumb-screw 20 turning in the bearing 21 and held from longitudinal displacementby the U-shaped lock 16a, a duplicate of that illustrated by Fig. 12. As shown in Fig. 2, the nose of this clamping block 19 comes quite close to the cutting end of the blade 7, and the entire length, nearly, of said blade is so tightly pressed by said block as to firmly hold it against all possibility of displacement or chattering. The vertical face or edge of this block abuts against the end of the rib 22 in order that there may be no lateral strain on the thumb screw 20, but have for its only function that of raising and lowering said block. To keep the cutting edge of said blade 7 flush with the metallic face of the plane and still leave the plate 3 intact, said blade is off-set somewhat, as shown in Fig. 11, and a part of said plate cut into as shown in Fig 8 to make room for the offset shoulder 23. To remove the blade for resharpening, the thumb screw 20 is turned to raise the block 19 a short distance, and then the screw 13 turned until the blade is carried far enough downward to bring its shoulder 23 out from beneath the lip 24. The blade can now be moved laterally out of its engagement with the rib 11 of the block 9, and then longitudinally withdrawn from the plane. Its return is in the reverse manner.

It is customary to provide these dado planes with cutters in advance of the blades for the purpose of scoring the lateral limits of the groove being plowed in the wood, in order that the shavings may be cut by the blade clear and clean from the wood, leaving the groove smooth and exact. There are numerous objections to those now in use, which I have overcome by my construction. Previous to my invention, the cutter points have been two in number, one at each side of the plane. I have found, however, that a plurality of these cutter points at each side give much better results, and consequently I provide a vertically adjustable bar 25 with four such points 26, two at a side, as shown in Figs. 2, 9 and 10. In the formation of these cutter points, not only is the metal of the bar cut away both laterally and longitudinally with respect to the plane, in order to leave such points in operative relief, but I form channels 27 in the opposite sides of the bar in order to provide cutting lateral edges. These edges 28 are sharpened by a suitable file which can under-cut the same slightly. The cutter points are lowered to take up for sharpening, and also rigidly held in place, by means of the adjusting screw 30 and the set screw 31 (Fig. 4), the former screw being held by its bearing 32 and locking device 16b like the one 16 already described. As shown in Fig. 9, this bar has also to be off-set, for the same reason as the blade 7.

Normally the dado plane can cut to the depth permitted by the under surface of the wooden section 2. To permit accurately gaged grooves of lesser depth to be formed, I provide the adjustable stop 33 shown in Figs. 3, 6 and 7. This is cut into the wooden section 6, and is adjusted by means of the screw 34 turning in the boss 35 and tapped into the boss 36 of the plate 37 which is fixed in place by suitable screws 38. Said screw 34 being kept from displacement in its boss 35 by a locking device 16c such as already described, is adjusted either down to desired specified point, or carried up to its normal flush position, by suitably rotating said screw. Said fixed plate 37 is formed with a circular boss 39 (Figs. 4 and 7) for receiving the set screw 31 already described; said boss extending out flush with the wooden section 6, and so providing said set screw with a metallic threaded member for its proper support. Thus made, this dado plane is strong, durable; its operative members are readily adjusted, cut clean and smooth, and in every way performs its work well and conveniently. It should be noticed that the cutter points 26 are each substantially like those of a saw tooth, being angular and having cutting edges both in front and behind. This enables them to cut and score the wood both when the plane is being advanced, and when it is being drawn backward, thus more perfectly preparing the way for the blade 7 to do its work. Moreover, the cutting edges 28 above described act to smooth the sides of the groove being planed.

It will be observed that by having the angular block 11 formed with a vertical face coming down sharply to the upper surface of the blade 7, there is no opportunity given for the lodgment of shavings against the same; hence, taking this in connection with the peculiar conformation of the mouth 18, there can be no choking at the cutting edge of said blade, and consequently no vexatious loss of time in digging out such accumulated chips.

As shown in Figs. 4, and 9, the U-shaped locking devices 16, 16a, 16b, 16c are held in place by the wooden section 6 fastened over the metallic section, and consequently all that requires to be done in order to take the various screws 13, 20, 30 and 34 out, is to first remove said wooden section, then pry out said U-shaped devices and unscrew said members. To keep the fastening screws 5 from digging into the wooden section 6, I prefer to provide therefor the metallic thimbles 40, shown in Figs. 1 and 5, the outer edges of which are fiush with the face of said section, and which receive the heads of said screws flush with the same also.

It is essential that the surface of the mouth 18 opposite the blade 7 shall be made to initiate in the shaving a spiral form as it leaves the edge of said blade. To accomplish this, I form said surface 18a with a twist in such a manner that the rear edge of the mouth will retire behind the front edge at 18b, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. This twist extends upward from the blade edge for about five eighths of an inch; after that it being merged into the trumpet flare above described.

As shown in Fig. 3b, the block 9 is given a slightly oblique face on its side lying against the surface of the blade 7, inasmuch as the latter is laterally inclined in order to better cut the wood being grooved. In the same way, the wedge 19 must have its face lying against the blade similarly oblique, as shown in Fig. 3a.

What I claim as my invention and for which I desire Letters Patent is as follows, to wit;

1. The combination with a dado plane, of cutter points therefor comprising a metal bar having its end fashioned into four saw-shaped points, each pair of points on the faces of the bar parallel with the sides of the plane being separated a substantial distance one from the other by a vertical clearance channel extending up toward the upper end of said bar, the sides of said channels presenting cutting edges.

2. A dado plane comprising two parts one of which is metal and is formed with two vertical parallel walls, a cutter point bar fitted to said walls, the other of said two parts being of wood and inclosing said bar, a metal plate fitted to the inner surface of said wooden part and having a cylindrical boss passing through said wooden part to its outer surface, and a set screw tapped through said boss and butting against said bar.

3. The combination in a dado plane, of a metallic section, a cutter-point member carried thereby, a screw for the adjustment of said member having an annular groove therein, a bearing for said screw formed with a transverse slot, a U-shaped locking device located in said slot and engaging said groove, and a section fastened to the metallic section and retaining said locking device in place.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing invention, I have hereunto set my hand this 13 day of November, 1909.

HENRY SMILEY.

Witnesses:
A. B. UPHAM,
H. L. WHITTLESEY.

No. 960,256 – Plane (Christian Bodmer) (1910)

[paiddownloads id=”671″]960256

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHRISTIAN BODMER, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE
& LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

960,256. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented June 7, 1910.
Application filed January 31, 1910. Serial No. 540,967.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHRISTIAN BODMER, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to planes and particularly to that type of plane known as a fillister or rabbet plane.

The invention has particular reference to the construction of the plane body, my object being to overcome certain weaknesses that have heretofore existed in planes of this type.

In a fillister or rabbet plane, the cutting edge of the plane-iron is made the full width of the sole, or so that the side edges of the plane iron will be coincident with the sides of the plane, whereby the cut may be formed square up to each side edge or surface of the plane body. It follows that the throat or opening in the plane sole must therefore be the full width of the sole. This results in separating the sole transversely at a point intermediate its length, and places, therefore, the entire responsibility of holding the forward and rear sections of the sole in proper spaced relation upon the single side plate of the frame. It is at this point that heretofore has not only great weakness existed, but in the casting of the plane body great difliculty has been encountered in preventing warping and twisting of the parts, tending to throw the sections out of correct alinement and making the process of machining not only laborious but exceedingly difficult. By my improvement great strength is added at this point, warping and twisting during the process of casting are prevented, and machining is simplified and expedited. The plane body is made from cast iron and since this tool is usually a hand tool, it is obvious that it must be so constructed as to withstand severe usage. Heretofore planes of this type made from cast iron as in the present case have almost always been broken across the relatively narrow connection between the two sections of the plane. By my construction such a greater degree of strength is added that there is very little danger of breakage at any point even when the tool is roughly handled. The tool being a hand tool, it is obvious that great consideration must be attached to the element of weight, since unnecessary weight unduly taxes the strength of the workman. In this connection I have constructed a plane body so that the metal is economically disposed and well balanced throughout, my aim being to secure the highest degree of stability with a mininium amount of material.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the complete plane, looking up from the left hand side. Fig. 2 is a view of the reverse or right hand side of the plane body. Fig. 3 is a plan view of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a relatively enlarged view showing a part of the plane in longitudinal section. Fig. 5 is a cross section of the plane on the line x–x. Fig, 6 is a cross section of the plane on the line y–y.

The plane body is cast in iron or steel and comprises the forward sole section 1 and the rear sole section 2, separated by a throat 3, in which the cutting edge of the plane-iron 4 stands when the plane is set up and adjusted ready for use.

5 is a seat for the plane-iron.

The throat 3 extends transversely and obliquely entirely across the plane body as best seen in Fig. 1, and it follows therefore, that the seat 5 not only inclines rearwardly but slants down toward one side of the plane. Any suitable mechanism may be employed for holding the plane-iron to the seat, such as the headed screw-stud 6 and the cap 7. The two sections 1–2. of the sole are integrally connected by a side plate 8 formed in this instance at the right hand side of the body, a part of the side plate bridging the throat 3 and being constructed, as hereinafter described, to afford great strength and to prevent warping and twisting. The plate 8 is provided with a raised bearing portion which is machined smooth, as indicated by the laterally offset ribs 8a–8a. These bearings 8a are raised with reference to the plain unfinished side of the said side plate 8, the area of said bearing portion being suflicient to afford a sufficiently long and broad seat, at the same time being much less than the entire area, thus simplifying exceedingly the operation of machining.

9 is an upwardly projecting bearing support at the opposite side (the left hand side) of the plane body, the same being in this instance parallel with the bearing portion of the side plate 8, and at right angles to the plane of the sole sections 1–2. This bearing-section 9 is connected integrally not only with the sole section 1, but also with the opposite side plate 8, said last connections being effected through the medium of the bridge rib 10.

11 is a handle preferably cast integrally with the plane body, but of course may be made capable of being connected to said plane body in any well known or desirable manner.

Referring particularly to the views 4–6, the connections between the throat and the rib sections of the plane will now be described. It is to be understood that the plane-iron, in this type of plane, is widest at its lower end, its middle and upper portion being narrowed down to clear the side plate 8. In the present instance, I avail myself of this feature to specially construct the bridge connection between the two sole sections, providing, where necessary, a solid strong mass of material and wherever possible a ribbed construction to secure the necessary strength and lightness. Immediately adjacent to the plane seat 5, where the side plate 8 leaves the rear section, I provide a relatively heavy mass of stock, as indicated at 12, Fig. 6. Immediately forward of this point, the bridge is arched up as indicated at 13, said arch descending at a point slightly forward of the plane of the throat and meeting the transverse bridge 10 which extends across to the opposite side-bearing or support 9. The lower part of the solid mass of material 12 near the lower end of the seat 5 is extended forwardly to form a curved rib 14, which performs the double function of a strengthening rib for the plane body and a deflector for the shavings, there being a clearance space 15 entirely through the plane body above the throat 3. This rib 14 curves forwardly and across the plane and meets the sole section 1 and the inner side of the support 9, being integrally formed with both of said parts. The arched portion 13 is provided with a recess or cavity 13a and between this recess or cavity 13a and the base of the rib 14 is a horizontally disposed strengthening rib 16, extending back to the heavy mass of material 12, and serving, together with the upper flange of the bridge 13 and the rib 14, to provide a connection between the sections 1–2 of maximum strength and minimum of weight. The inside of the plane body is of course hollowed out as at 17–17 to lighten the structure.

18–18 are scoring spurs or cutters employed on opposite sides of the plane to form score lines in advance of the plane-iron 4, said score lines being coincident with the opposite edges of said plane-iron.

The part 9 performs, in addition to the function of bearing for the adjacent side of the plane, the function of a support for a depth gage, such as is customarily employed in planes of this character. The opposite side (right hand side) plate is provided with a supporting portion 8b, upon which a depth gage may be adjustably supported. Since gages and other plane attachments are well known, no particular description is required herewith, it being merely proper to state that the part 8b performs not only the function of a bearing, but also a support for any attachment such as is customarily employed in tools of this character.

As has already been stated, my invention aims at producing a plane body of the type referred to which shall be accurately formed. One of the great difficulties to overcome I will now describe. It is a well known fact that the machining of the outer flat face of a casting releases the surface tension and permits the tension on the opposite (unmachined) face to act in such a manner as to twist and warp the structure; to illustrate, were it not for the recessed form of the outer face of the side plate 8, the machining of that side to produce a bearing surface would release the surface tension on the outer side and result in warping and buckling, tending to distort and throw out of line the two sole sections 1–2 of the plane body. This buckling would occur during or immediately following the machining process. To avoid this disastrous effect, I provide a construction which requires the machining of such a relatively small area of the surface 8 that the surface tension is not released to any dangerous extent. Consequently, the tension being substantially balanced on the opposite surface of the side plate 8, all tendency to injurious warping or twisting is eliminated. It should be stated that the unmachined held of surface metal between the bearing faces 8a of the side plate 8 affords more than a mere panel intended only for the reception of a name or number. In the present instance, this unmachined surface of substantial area is so located as to overcome the aforesaid injurious tendency of warping by reason of the lessening of the surface tension at the vulnerable point.

A further advantage growing out of this construction is the rapidity and ease with which this machining process may be effected. The sum of these advantages results in great economies that add to the durability or accuracy of the instrument.

While of course I have shown herein the preferred embodiment of my invention, it is obvious that in some respects the construction may be modified or varied without changing materially those features of improvement which characterize my invention. Hence it may be stated that I contemplate that reasonable latitude may be had in the particular design resorted to.

What I claim is:

1. A plane body formed of cast metal including two sole sections separated by a throat, a wall or plate integrally connecting said sections by an arch at one side of the plane body and including a plurality of substantially horizontally disposed and inwardly directed spaced ribs extending laterally across the plane body, a standard at the opposite side of the plane forming a bearing support projecting upwardly from the forward sole section and connected to the last mentioned rib, and still another rib extending across the plane body from the support on one side to the plate on the other side and forming a combined deflector and strengthening rib.

2. A plane body formed of cast metal including two sole sections separated by a throat, a wall or plate integrally connecting said sections by an arch at one side of the plane body and including a plurality of substantially horizontally disposed and inwardly directed spaced ribs extending laterally across said body, a standard at the opposite side of the plane forming a bearing support projecting upwardly from the forward sole section and connected to the last mentioned rib, and still another rib extending across said body from the support on one side to the plate on the other side and forming a combined deflector and strengthening rib, said last mentioned rib being also integrally connected with said bearing support and one of said sole sections.

3. A plane body formed of cast metal including two sole sections separated by a throat, a wall or plate at one side, connecting said sections by an arch at one side of the plane body, a standard at the opposite side of the plane forming a bearing support, the inner side of said standard being integrally connected to the inner side of said wall or plate, the outer or bearing side of said plate where said arch is formed having a relatively raised bearing surface, said bearing surface being machined, the relatively unraised portion being unmachined to balance surface tension on opposite sides of said plate at said arch.

4. A plane body formed of cast metal including two sole sections separated by a throat, a wall or plate connecting said sections at one side of the plane body and including a plurality of substantially horizontally disposed ribs at the inner side of said side plate, the outer or bearing side of said side plate having a relatively raised bearing surface, said bearing surface being machined, said unraised portion being unmachined, said unmachined surfaces being so disposed relatively to the forward and rear sections of the sole portions of the plane as to retain surface tension at the point where buckling would tend to occur between the two sole sections.

5. A plane body comprising a forward sole section and a rear sole section arranged in line and separated by a narrow throat, a wall or plate connecting said two sections at one side of the plane body, all of said parts being formed integrally by casting, the outer bearing surface of said wall or plate including a smoothed machined bearing surface and an umnachined surface arranged in a plane slightly below the plane of the bearing surface, said unmachined portion being so located with relation to the forward and rear sole sections as to retain surface tension at the point between the front and rear sole sections where buckling would tend to occur.

CHRISTIAN BODMER.

Witnesses:
THOMAS K. O’CONNOR,
JOSEPH M. HANCE.

No. 898,556 – Mortising-Plane (Maurice A. Clark) (1908)

[paiddownloads id=”657″]898556

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

MAURICE A. CLARKE, OF EDMONTON, ALBERTA, CANADA.

MORTISING-PLANE.

_________________

898,556. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Sept. 15, 1908.
Application filed February 15, 1908. Serial No. 416,095.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MAURICE A. CLARK, a subject of Great Britain, residing at Edmonton, in the Province of Alberta, Dominion of Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Mortising-Planes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in planes and the object in view is to produce a simple and efficient device of this nature designed especially for cutting mortises for the reception of stairs and consists essentially in the provision of two cutting blades beveled upon their inner edges and placed side by side in advance of an obliquely positioned plane or blade, the parts of the apparatus being so adjusted that a groove of varying depth may be cut.

The invention comprises various details of construction and combinations and arrangements of parts which will be hereinafter fully described and then specifically defined in the appended claims.

I illustrate my invention in the accompanying drawings, in which:–

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the plane, parts being shown in section. Fig. 2 is a side elevation, Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view and Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on line 4–4 of Fig. 1.

Reference now being had to the details of the drawings by letter, A designates a stock of the plane, made preferably of metal, and has an integral handle B at one end thereof. Said stock has a vertically formed slot D’ therein for the reception of the cutting blades F, details in edge view of which are shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings. It will be noted upon reference to said blades F, that each of said blades is beveled and is designed to cut two slots spaced apart and parallel to each other. Said blades are mounted upon a screw D3 which passes through the arms of the bracket extension D4, as shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings, and D5 is a wheel with a milled edge and having a threaded aperture to engage the ends of said screws D3 whereby as the screw is raised and lowered, the depth at which it may be desired to have the blades cut, may be regulated. In order to hold the blades securely, a tapering pin F2 is provided passing through a similar shaped transverse aperture, as shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings the marginal edge of said pin being adapted to be drawn against the edges of the two blades F by means of a thumb nut F3 upon a tmeaded end of said pin.

H designates a wedged block which is mounted in a vertical slot in the stock and H’ designates a pin which is fastened to said wedged block and extends through the bracket arms H2 similar in construction to the bracket arms shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings and H3 is a wheel having a threaded opening for engagement with the screw H’, whereby said block may be raised or lowered.

It will be noted that the block H cooperates with the tapering pin F2 for the purpose of frictionally holding the blades in adjusted positions.

K designates a knife which is mounted in a diagonally disposed slot D2 formed in the stock and E designates a pin which is tapered, provided with a threaded end E2 upon which a thumb nut E3 is mounted, said pin E passing through a tapering aperture in the stock plane.

H4 designates a set screw mounted in a threaded aperture in the stock and adapted to bear against the pin E to hold the same in an adjusted position. A suitable screw N2 is fixed to the knife K, said screw not passing through the bracket arms N3 of the stock and N is a wheel having a threaded aperture to iit the screw end N’ and provided with a milled circumference.

R designates a gage having an integral rod R’ projecting therefrom and extending through an aperture in a projecting portion R2 of the stock, which projecting portion carries a set screw R3 for engagement with the rod R’ to hold the same m an adjusted position. The upper end of said rod R’ is threaded to receive an adjusting wheel R4 with a milled edge, and R5 designates a projection upon said wheel R4 which is swiveled in a recess in said projection R2.

In operation, the cutting blades F being adjusted with their cutting ends projecting below the bottom of the plane, the apparatus is positioned over the surface to be cut, the two blades F cutting the marginal edges of the groove while the planer or plowing blade K follows on and mortises out the parts intermediate the side walls of the groove. Owing to the adjustment of the gage R upon the stock, it will be noted that the depth at which it may be desired to mortise may be readily adjusted by simply loosening the set screws and raising or lowering the gage R after which the screws may be tightened and the apparatus held in its adjusted position.

by the provision of a mortising plane as shown and described, it will be observed that means is afforded whereby a groove or channel may be readily formed without inconvenience, even though the rnortising to be done may be in positions ordinarily inaccessible by means of the usual planes provided for the purpose and so arranged that the blades may be readily adjusted for mortising at different depths.

What I claim is :–

1. A mortising plane comprising a stock having a vertical slot in the forward end thereof, an inclined planer blade, blades mounted in said slot with their inner faces in contact with each other, a pin passing through a ertures in said blade, a screw to which said pin is secured, a bracket arm rising from the stock and having laterally extending fingers which are spaced apart and provided with apertures, a wheel mounted between said fingers and provided with a central threaded aperture through which said screw passes, a wedge block mounted in said slot and bearing against corresponding edges of said blades, means for moving said block, a screw having an unthreaded tapering portion passing through the stock and adapted to bear against the edges of said blades opposite said wedge block, and a nut upon said blade engaging stock, as set forth.

2. A mortising plane comprising a stock having a vertical slot in the forward end thereof, an inclined planer blade, blades mounted in said slot with their inner faces in contact with each other, a pin passing through apertures in said blade, a screw to which said pin is secured, a bracket arm rising from the stock and having laterally extending fingers which are spaced apart and provided with apertures, a wheel mounted etween said fingers and provided with a central threaded aperture through which said screw passes, a wedge block mounted in said slot and bearing against corresponding edges of said blades, a second bracket arm rising from the stock and having laterally projecting fingers which are spaced apart, a screw fastened to the block and passing through the apertures in the adjacent fingers, means for raising and lowering the stock connected to the block, and a screw passing through a transverse aperture in the stock and provided with an unthreaded tapering portion bearing against the edges of said blades, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

MAURICE A. CLARK.

Witnesses:
HENRY GILBERT,
WILLIAM CHARLES CUNNINGHAM.

No. 879,793 – Plane (Andro Nyland) (1908)

[paiddownloads id=”653″]879793

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ANDRO NYLUND, OF DULUTH, MINNESOTA.

PLANE.

_________________

879,793. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Feb. 18, 1908.
Application filed May 28, 1907. Serial No. 376,047.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ANDRO NYLUND, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Duluth, in the county of St. Louis and State of Minnesota, have invented a new and Improved Plane, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to planes, and it is particularly useful with rabbet or dado planes.

The object of the invention is to provide a simple, strong and efficient plane, having adjustable means for limiting the depth to which the cut of the plane may proceed, and which is provided with means for easily adjusting the plane iron and for locking the same in position.

A further object of the invention is to provide a plane having guide blades at both sides thereof, which can be easily and quickly adjusted, and which has means for limiting the projection of the blades.

The invention consists in the construction and combination of parts to be more particularly described hereinafter and fully set forth in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views, and in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of the plane; Fig. 2 is an elevation of the opposite side of the plane, showing parts broken away and in section 5 Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-section on the line 3–3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a vertical cross-section on the line 4–4 of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a detail showing parts in cross section and parts broken away; and Fig. 6 is a plan view of a part of the plane.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, 1 represents the body of the plane, which may be of wood or any other suitable material. Secured to the body 1 is the sole-plate 2 extending the entire length of the tool. Side-plates 3 are secured to the sides of the body, and like the sole-plate 2 may be of steel or any other suitable material, preferably metal. The body 1 is cut away between the sides to form a plane iron recess 4. The recess 4 presents a flared opening 4a at the side, through which the shaving formed by the plane iron can leave the tool. The plane iron 5 is mounted in the recess 4 and presents a rack 6. A pinion 7 in mesh with the rack 6 is rotatably mounted in an extension 8 of the recess 4. The pinion 7 has a shank 9 extending through the side of the plate and provided with a wing 10, by means of which it may be operated. A locking-block 12 is secured upon the plane iron on the side opposite to the pinion 7. A set-screw 13 is mounted in a suitably threaded opening of the body and abuts against the block 12. The set-screw 13 is provided with a- wing 14 by means of which it may be operated to jam the plane iron in position through the block 12, which is carried in the recess 4 upon transverse pins 15 arranged in openings 16 of the block.

A recess 17 is formed in the body between the side plates 3, and connects with lateral guide grooves 18 formed at the sides of the body by the side-plates 3 which are cut away for this purpose. A threaded member 19 is arranged slidably in the recess 17 and is engaged by a screw pin 20. The screw pin 20 has a collar 21 seating against the upper part of the body, and a nut 22 in engagement with the inner wall of the recess to prevent the displacement of the screw pin, which has at its outer extremity a wing 23 by means of which it may be manually operated to adjust the member 19 within the recess. It will be understood that as the screw pin 20 is turned the member will move up or down within the recess. Guide blades 24 are slidably mounted in the guide grooves 18 and have slots 25. The guide blades 24 are adjustably secured to the member 19 by means of screws 26 arranged in the slots 25 and secured in suitable threaded openings in the member 19. The guide blades 24 have shoulders 27 adapted to engage with shoulders 28 formed at an edge of each slot, to limit the projection of the cutting point 29 of the blade from the groove. The guide blades are adapted to be projected a distance beyond the sole of the plane, equal at least to the projection of the plane eyes. In the operation of the plane in the usual manner, the guide blades form parallel grooves or guides exactly within and between which the plane iron follows and cuts the shaving.

A vertical guide-way 30 is formed within the body and has a lateral slot 31 extending through the side 3. A slidable member 32 comprising substantially a rod, is arranged within the guide-way 30 and has a lateral extension 33 in the slot 31. A gage member is secured to the extension 33 by means of a screw 35. The gage member 34 has a supplemental sole 36. The gage member may be adjusted at the side of the body by moving the member 32 up or down within the guide-way. A transverse pin 37 is arranged adjacent to the member 32 and has a wing 33 at the side, by means of which it may be operated. An eccentric cam groove 39 is formed in the pin 37. When the member 32 engages the cam groove at the greatest depth of the same the member is free to slide within the guide-way. When the pin 37 is rotated from this position the member 32 is jammed within the guide-way by the cam-like action of the groove. The pin 37 is provided with a second annular groove 40 with which a pin 41 carried by the body engages to prevent the lateral displacement of the adjusting pin 37. Aleaf spring 47 is arranged in the guide-way 30 and engages the member 32 to hold the same resiliently within the guide-way and to prevent lateral movement of the same. The gage 34 serves to determine and measure the depth oi the rabbet formed by the plane. A guide-plate 42 having slots 43 is adjustably mounted at the side of the plane opposite to the gage 34, by means of set-screws 44 arranged in the slots 43 and in suitable openings of the body. The guide-plate 42 extends the entire length of the plane and is adapted to be projected below the sole of the same to guide the tool at the edge of the work when a rabbet is being cut. A handle 45 is mounted by means of screws 46 at one side of the plane and serves for holding the tool when it is in operation.

Having thus described my invention I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In a plane, a plane iron having a rack, and a pinion adapted to be manually controlled and operatively engaging with said rack, a block tapered toward the cutting edge of said iron and loosely mounted to engage the same, and a set screw adjustably engaging said block to lock said iron in position.

2. In a plane, a body having a guide-groove, a guide-blade mounted to slide in said groove, a movable member arranged to slide in the longitudinal direction of said groove and having an adjustable connection with said blade, and means for adjusting said member.

3. In a plane, a body having a recess, and a guide-groove communicating with said recess, a movable member in said recess, a guide-blade in said groove and having an adjustable connection with said member, and a screw-pin engaging with said member and controlling the same.

4. In a plane, a body having a recess, and a guide-groove communicating with said recess and presenting a shoulder, a movable member in said recess, a guide-blade in said groove and having an adjustable connection with said member, said guide-blade presenting a shoulder adapted to engage said shoulder of said guide-groove to limit the projection of said blade from said groove, and a screw-pin engaging with said member and controlling the same.

5. In a plane, a body having a recess and guide-grooves at opposite sides of said body and communicating with said recess, a movable member in said recess, guide-blades in said grooves and presenting slots, adjustable screws carried by said member and engaging said slots to secure said blades to said member, and a screw-pin operatively engaging said member and having collars engaging said body to prevent the longitudinal movement of said pin.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ANDRO NYLUND.

Witnesses:
S. C. MILLER,
W. A. ANDERSON.

No. 348,198 – Variable Bench-Plane (Amos Fales) (1886)

[paiddownloads id=”413″]348198

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

AMOS FALES, OF ROCKFALL, CONNECTICUT.

VARIABLE BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 348,198, dated August 31, 1886.
Application filed July 29, 1885. Serial No. 172,960. (Model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, AMOS FALES, residing in Rockfall, in the county of Middlesex and State of Connecticut, have invented Improvements in Variable Bench-Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification.

Figure 1 is a view in perspective of the main stock of the instrument as provided with my improved means of applying the fillister and grooving attachments with reversible and adjustable fence; Fig. 2, a front end view of the same; Fig. 3, a side view of one of the attaching-brackets; Fig. 4, a top view of the same; Fig. 5, a front end view of the instrument having its fence reversed for making a front fillister; Fig. 6, a front view of a set of dado-spurs of different sizes; Fig. 7, a side view of one of the spurs; Fig. 8, a side view of the main stock, with a pair of form-plates attached thereto, showing the manner in which the dado-spurs are applied; Fig. 9, a bottom view of the same; Fig. 10, a front view of a spur having only one cutting-point; Fig. 11, a side view of the main stock provided with thin removable extension-flanges for cutting extremely-narrow grooves; Fig. 12, a bottom view of the same; Fig. 13, a front end view of the same; Fig. 14, a side view of the front form-plate constructed to be adjustable lengthwise; Fig. 15, aside view of a special form of cutter used; Fig. 16, an end view of the same; Fig. 17, a top view of a cutter provided with a cap-iron attached thereto; Fig. 18, a side edge view of the same; Fig. 19, a bottom view of the same; Fig. 20, a front view of forward form-plate having a dado-spur.

Like letters designate corresponding parts in all of the figures.

The general construction of the bench-plane on which the present improvements are based is shown and described in the previous patents granted to me March 7, 1882, and April 1, 1884, and numbered, respectively, 254,542 and 295,916. Especially I will refer to one or the other of those patents for the construction of the main stock A, with its flange a, for attaching other parts of the instrument thereto, and means for securing the cutters B therein, the front and back form-plates, C D, and the reversible fence E.

Referring to those former patents, it will be noted that the front and back form-plates are attached to the downwardly-projecting stock-flange a, each by means of a single set-screw, b, fitting in a vertical notch or slot, c, of the form-plate flange d.

The first improvement herein to be described consists in the means whereby grooving and filiister attachments are applied, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. Two brackets, G G, are employed, constructed substantially as shown — that is, each with a vertical flange, e, having a vertical notch or slot, f, whereby it is attached to the flange a of the stock by one of the set-screws b b, used for attaching the form-plates, which are dispensed with for the special purposes of this device, and each having a horizontal flange, g, with a notch or slot, h, at right angles to the stock-flange, for attaching the reversible fence E by screws i i. The upper edges or terminations, e e e, of each bracket are in one horizontal line, in order to fit against the overhanging ledge k of the stock and serve as a guide or gage for placing the bracket in a correct position without care. Thus this entire appendage is attached to the main stock by the same means as the form-plates used for other kinds of work. Fig. 2 shows how the fence thus attached by these brackets is used for grooving.

Fig. 5 shows the fence reversed and provided with an overhanging ledge, l, for forming a front fillister. Here the ledge, being in line with the lower edge of the stock-flange a, serves for form-plates, which, for this purpose, therefore, are dispensed with. The ledge l is cut away in the middle, so not as to be in the way of the cutter, and not to interfere with the discharge of the shavings. The fence being adjustable laterally allows the grooves to be cut at any desired distance from the front edge of the material, and by employing two stocks — one arranged for grooving and the other for tonguing — no changing from one to the other kind of work is necessary for tonguing and grooving. The vertical flange of each bracket is of such height that when placed in contact with the overhanging ledge k of the main stock the grooves will be cut to the regular or greatest depth required, the distance from the lower surface of the bracket to the lower edge of the stock-flange determining the depth of cut, since the brackets serve as gages to limit the depth of cut. When a shallower cut is desired, the brackets may be adjusted farther down on the stock-flange, both brackets alike, thus obviously effecting the purpose.

Fig. 6 of the drawings shows a front view of a set of dado-spurs of different widths, and Fig. 7 a side view of either one of the spurs. Each spur H is a double spur, having two cutting-points, m m, cutting at both edges of the work cut by the cutter used, whether for dado, fillister, bead, or other form of cutting. Between the cutting-points m m is a space, n, of sufficient depth to admit the form cut, of whatever shape. Each spur has a vertical (preferably round) stem, o, which is inserted in a vertical hole in the plane-stock. Each spur, in combination with a cutter and main-stock flange, is a complete dado. The stem o of each spur is always at the same distance from one extremity and spur, whatever the distance of the other spur from the first spur, so that the various widths of spurs always bear the same relative and proper position on the stock, and all the spurs are attached by the same means.

The means of attaching each spur is shown in Figs. 8 and 9. The round stem o of the spur is inserted in a vertical hole through the main stock; A and its flange a, and the body p of the spur has parallel faces or front and back sides, which fit against the sides of a notch, q, in one of the form-plates, which lap over the lower edge of the stock-flange, so that the spur is readily adjusted up and down, and yet is held iirmly and accurately in position without turning out of line. The spur is retained in place by a set-screw, r, screwed into the side of the stock. The same general construction and means of attaching the spur apply when it only has one cutting-point, as shown in Fig. 10, and at the right hand in Fig. 6. The spurs are located in advance of the side and center cutters, as shown in Figs. 8 and 9, the front form-plate, C, being notched to receive the spur used a little in advance of the position of the cutter in the main stock, substantially as shown. By this construction cross-grained and curly wood is smoothly cut, the spur-point leading the cutter-edges of the cutter.

Another improvement in my present invention consists in the means by which extremely narrow grooves may be cut with the instrument. Since the main-stock flange is required to be three-sixteenths of an inch thick, or thereabout, in order to give it suflicient strength with this alone, no groove less than three-sixteenths of an inch wide can be cut therewith. For the purpose of cutting narrower grooves, which are often required or very desirable, I employ extension-flanges I J, front and back, as shown in Figs. 11, 12, and 13. These flanges are made of steel and as thin as required. They extend below the main-stock flange a sufficiently to cut the requisite depth below the same, as shown in Fig. 13. Each extension-flange is secured to the front side of the main-stock flange and reaches up to the overhanging ledge k of the main stock, and is attached to the flange by a single set-screw, b, the same as for attaching the form-plates when used. Thus no change in or addition to the usual construction of the plane is required, except as to the extension-flanges themselves, which are cheaply made. A correspondiugly-narrow dado-spur, H, is combined with the front extension-flange, as shown in Figs. 11 and 12. This spur is held in a shallow vertical groove in the front side of the flange, and held there by a set-screw, s. The spur is slotted vertically where held by the screw for the purpose of adjustment. A similar way of attaching a spur to the front form-plate is shown in Fig. 20, the spur being reversible and cutting-edges different. By the above construction a groove not exceeding one-sixteenth of an inch in width may be readily cut, and a double-point spur used to make smooth sides, and a series of narrow grooves from that width up to three-sixteenths is easily made by using spurs and cutters of the various widths required. These extension-flanges can be used with the grooving and fillister attachments above described, or with the auxiliary stocks described in my former patents above mentioned.

Another point of improvement consists in the adjustable mouth for the cutter, so that a wide mouth may be had, when required, or a narrow mouth for cutting the finest shaving without any liability of the front form-plate coming in contact with the edge of the cutter. The mouth is made adjustable simply by means of the front form-plate, C, being made with its attaching notch or slot widened where the attaching-screw passes through it, as shown at t in Figs. 8 and 14. This widening is but little, since the entire adjustment required is quite limited in extent. The head of the attaching-screw will cover the sides of the notch or slot in any position of its adjustment. There is a V-shaped groove, u, or of a form conforming to the shape of the cutter itself, in the front side of the cutter, as shown, forming thereby overhanging cutting-edges v v on both sides of the groove. By this construction the edges overcut, instead of undercutting in the wood, as does the ordinary cutter, so that there is no tendency to raise or tear up the fibers of the wood. With this improved construction of the cutter cross-grained wood may be grooved, and any wood grooved across the grain as smoothly as when the cutter cuts with the grain of the wood. The construction of this cutter will be made the subject-matter of a design patent, it being represented in this application in order to show its mode of application. The cap-iron K is shown as short, only covering a little of the lower end of the cutter B, so that the main part of the cutter is not incumbered therewith, and its body fits in the stock with the cap-iron, the same as if the cap-iron were not there, one form of stock, therefore, serving for such cutters as well as for all other forms of cutters used. The cap-iron is attached by a set-screw, w, passing through a slot, x, in the cutter, as shown in Fig. 19. Thereby the cap-iron is made adjustable to the edge of the cutter. This cap-iron may be applied to dado, flllister, hollow, and round cutters.

I disclaim in this invention form plates or extensions attached to the main flange, such as set forth in Letters Patent No. 295,916, granted to me April 1, 1884, wherein such extensions project at right angles to the main-stock flange, and do not and cannot extend below the said stock-flange.

I claim as my invention —

1. The combination of the stock A, the fence E, and the brackets G G, the said brackets being provided with vertical and vertically-slotted flanges e e, whereby they are adjustably attached to the stock, and with horizontal flanges g g, having slots at right angles to the stock, whereby the fence is attached in position adjustable toward and from the stock, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

2. In combination with the stock A and its main attaching-flange a, the vertical plane extension-flanges I J, attached to the side of the main flange, and extending directly downward therefrom and below the same, whereby very narrow grooves may be cut in the material, less in width than the thickness of the said main flange, substantially as herein set forth.

3. The combination of the stock A, having a main attaching-flange, a, a front vertical plane extension-flange, I, removably attached to the said main flange, extending directly downward from and below the lower edge of the said main flange, and provided with a double spur, H, and the rear vertical plane extension-flange, J, removably attached to the main flange and extending directly downward from and below the lower edge thereof, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

4. The combination of the stock A, having a flange, a, and front form-plate, G, having an attaching-slot, c, widened from front to back, whereby the said form-plate may be adjusted forward or backward by the attaching-screw b, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

AMOS FALES.

Witnesses:
LYMAN A. MILLS,
ERNEST F. COLES.

No. 318,331- Adjustable-Faced Plane (Edwin Walker) (1885)

[paiddownloads id=”393″]318331

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

EDWIN WALKER, OF ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA.

ADJUSTABLE-FACED PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 318,331, dated May 19, 1885.
Application filed February 6, 1885. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWIN WALKER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Erie, in the county of Erie and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Adjustable-Faced Planes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, forming part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in plane-stocks and mechanism connected therewith; and it consists of the improvements hereinafter set forth and explained.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved plane. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of my improved plane-stock frame with the adjustable plates and other mechanism thereof removed therefrom. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the back half of my improved plane-stock with a portion of the adjustable plates removed, so as to show the bit-adjusting mechanism. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of one of the central adjustable plates, showing a groove therein for the bit-adjusting mechanism. Fig. 5 shows a front end view of my improved plane with a gage attached thereon for adjusting the depth of cut, and also showing the plane adjusted to a square-faced bit. Figs. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 are front end views of my improved plane-stock, showing some of the forms to which the face of the plane-stock may be adjusted, (other portions of the mechanisms of the plane not being shown.) Fig. 12 is aside elevation showing a modified form of mechanism for securing the adjustable plates in place. Fig. 13 is a perspective view ofthe under side of a double-ended matching-bit, showing the holes for attaching the adjusting-rod thereto. Figs. 14 and 15 illustrate by perspective views some of the forms of bits to which the face of the plane-stock is adapted to be adjusted.

Like letters refer to like parts in all the figures.

In the construction of my improved plane, A is the frame, provided with the guides D D D D, adapted to receive and support vertically-adjustable longitudinal plates B B, &c., which plates B B, &c., together with the frame A, make up the plane-stock.

The guides D D D are provided with slots D’ D’ D’, in which clamps C C C operate, these clamps C C C being secured by thumb-screws C’ C’ C’, operating against the back side of the frame A. The frame A is also provided with ears I2 I2, between which the nut I’ of the bit-adjusting mechanism operates. The front guide D of the frame may also be provided with screws a a, &c., one for each of the plates B B, &c.

The frame A is preferably made of cast metal, except the handle F, which may be of wood.

The plates B B, &c., may be made either of cast metal or stamped out of sheet metal, and any number of the adjustable plates B may be used, according to the thickness which it is desired to make the plane-stock. The two outside plates B B, &c., may also be provided at their front ends with small adjustable cutters b b, inserted therein for cutting across the wood when the plane is used as a dado-plane, and for other purposes requiring such cutters.

The frame A is also provided with holes in the back side thereof, (not shown,) into which guide-rods J J can be inserted when it is desired to support a fence thereon. This fence K is connected to the slotted arms J ’ J’, which are attached to the sleeves J2 J2, which slide over the rods J J and are secured in place thereon by set-screws J3 J3, the fence K being adjustable up and down on the slotted arms J’J’ by means of bolts passing through the slots j j therein.

The bit H, I construct double-ended, so that either end may be used, according to the pattern desired, each end of the bit being made preferably of a different pattern. The bit is secured in place by means of the clip G and set-screw G’ therein, the clip G operating between the face of the bit and the lug E on the frame A.

For adjusting the bit H up and down, I provide an adjusting-rod, I,which has lugs i i on the lower end thereof adapted to fit into holes h h in the under face of the bit H, as shown in Figs. 3 and 13. This adjusting-rod I extends upward through grooves L in two of the central of the plates B B, &c. (Shown in Figs. 3 and 4.) Above the upper edges of the plates B B, &c., the adjusting-rod I is screw-threaded and provided with a thumb-nut, l’, which operates between the lugs I2 I2 on the frame A, so that by turning the nut the bit H may be adjusted up and down in the plane-stock.

Fig. 5 shows a depth-gage, M, which may be placed either upon the front guide-rod J, or, if desired, upon the front clamp C, behind the thumb-nut C’. This gage is provided with a slotted hole (not shown) by which it may be adjusted up and down to regulate the depth of cut made by the plane in dado-work and other work of that character. This gage M is also so arranged that it may be detached and taken off of the plane-stock when desired and not needed for use thereon.

The front cud views 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 illustrate some of the forms to which the face of my improved plane-stock can be adjusted, bits being used corresponding with such adjustment, (the clamping mechanism which holds the plates to the frame A not being shown therein.)

In operating my improved plane the plates B B, &c., are each adjusted in the position desired and temporarily secured by the use of the set-screws a a, &c., in the front guide D of the plane-stock. These screws a a, &c., however, may be dispensed with, if desired, as they merely form a convenient means of securing each plate in place during the adjustment of the face of the plane-stock to any desired form of bit prior to the plates being finally secured (after adjustment) by the clamps C C C.

Any number of plates may be used in my improved plane, thereby making any width of face on the plane-stock desired.

I am aware that plane-stocks have been heretofore constructed of adjustable blocks, so constructed and arranged with relation to each other that the face of the plane-stock could be longitudinally adjusted to fit a circular surface — for example, the arc of a circle; but this construction is not capable of any lateral adjustment of the face of the plane-stock to suit different patterns of bit. I am also aware that plane-stocks have been constructed with detachable faces of different patterns, each pattern being suited to a particular form of bit made to match the pattern of the detachable face; but I am not aware of any construction of a plane-stock prior to my invention consisting of a frame supporting a series of thin longitudinal vertical plates, the lower edges of which plates combined formed the face of the plane-stock, and which plates were adapted to be vertically adjusted upon the supporting-frame, so that by such adjustment the face of the plane-stock could be altered laterally to adapt it to the use of any pattern of bit which the operator might have occasion to use in his work therewith. Therefore.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is —

1. The combination, in a plane-stock, of a plane-stock frame with series of two or more vertical longitudinal plates which may be adjusted up and down upon said frame and clamped thereto, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a plane-stock, the combination of a plane-stock frame provided with guides and clamping mechanism with a series of two or more vertical longitudinal plates the lower edges of which form the face ofthe plane-stock, said plates being vertically adjustable in said guides on the plane-stock frame, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination, in a plane stock, of a plane-stock frame and a series of two or more vertical longitudinal plates which may be adjusted upon and clamped to said frame, with removable fence-supporting rods and a fence adapted to be adjusted both vertically and laterally thereon, substautially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In an adjustable-faced plane-stock, the combination of the plane-stock frame A, provided with the slotted lugs I2 I2 thereon, with the screw-threaded adjusting-rod I, the thumb-nut I’, operating between the lugs I2 I2, and the bit H, all operating together substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In a plane-stock, the combination, with the plane-stock frame A and the vertically-adjustable longitudinal plates B B, of the set-screws a a, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. In combination with a plane stock consisting of the plane-stock frame A and the vertically-adjustable longitudinal plates B B, the adjustable depth-gage M, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. ln combination with a plane stock consisting of a plane-stock frame, A, and vertically-adjustable longitudinal plates B B, clamped thereto, adjustable cutters b b, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

S. The combination, in a plane-stock, of a plane-stock frame, A, provided with guides D D D, clamps C C C, the vertically-adjustable longitudinal plates B B, the bit-securing mechanism E G G’, bit-adjusting mechanism I I’, and bit H, all constructed and operating together substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

EDWIN WALKER.

Witnesses:
H. M. STURGEON,
F. J. BASSETT.

No. 308,332 – Rabbet-Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”378″]308332

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO
THE STANLEY RULE AND LEVEL COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

RABBET-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 308,332, dated November 18, 1884.
Application filed May 17, 1884. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rabbet-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in rabbet-planes, and has for its object a better arrangement for the gages.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of my rabbet-plane. Fig. 2 is a like view of the reverse side of the same. Fig. 3 is an end view of the same. Fig. 4 is a sectional view of a portion of the stock on line x x of Fig. 2, said view also showing the gage-rod in side elevation 5 and Fig. 5 is a horizontal section of the depth-gage and a portion of the stock with a side elevation of the clamping-screw.

The stock A may be of any ordinary form; but as shown it is provided with two bit-seats, into either of which the cutting bit a may be secured. This feature of the stock, however, was known prior to my present invention. The bit a at the cutting end is the full width of the stock.

b is the gage-rod, upon which the socket of the gage B is fitted, so that the gage may be adjusted longitudinally upon said rod and fastened in place by means of the set-screw c, thereby securing the working-face of the gage B at any desired point with reference to the under surface of the stock. As shown in the drawings, this gage is adjusted for use in working from the left-hand edge of a board. The gage-rod b is secured to the stock by means of its threaded end and a correspondingly-threaded hole in the side of the stock. In order to facilitate the screwing out and in of this rod, I provide its end with an orifice into which a suitable pin or wrench may be applied. Upon the opposite side of the stock, and in alignment with the hole into which the gage-rod is secured, I form a like threaded hole, f, Figs. 1 and 4.

When it is desired to convert the tool to one for gaging from the right-hand edge of a board, the gage-rod b is unscrewed from one side of the stock, and then inserted in hole f, and the gage B then secured thereon, as indicated by broken lines in Fig. 3. By making the gage-rod attachable and detachable to and from either side of the stock the rods never project upon that side which is opposite the gage B, thereby enabling the gage and plane to be used in corners and cramped places where it is impossible to use a rabbet plane and gage whose gage-rods project upon said side.

C designates the depth-gage, the shank of which is slotted for insertion of the clamping-screw g, which passes through the shank of the depth-gage and into a threaded hole in the stock. The side of the stock to which this gage is secured is provided with a vertical V-shaped groove, h, Figs. 1 and 5, which groove is a little to one side of the clamping-screw g. The inner face of the gage C is provided upon one side of the clamping-screw with a V-shaped rib, k, and upon the opposite side of the screw is a plain-faced rib, l, Fig. 5. The V-shaped rib governs the position of the gage in its movement up and down, while the plane-faced rib, in connection with the V-shaped rib, forms a seat or bearing-surface to hold the gage at a proper distance from the side of the stock. This construction enables the gage to be governed in its vertical position, and to form a proper bearing-surface, only a small portion of which requires to be fitted, and consequently it can be fitted with but little labor and expense.

Any suitable spur or spurs may be attached to the side or sides of the stock just forward of the cutting-bit, as in prior rabbet-planes.

I am aware that depth-gages of various kinds have been heretofore employed upon rabbet-planes having side gages; also, that prior patents show rabbet-planes having side gages with two rods permanently secured thereto, and having transverse holes through the stock into which said gage-rods were inserted and held therein by means of set-screws, whereby the gage could be changed end for end, and placed upon either side of the stock to convert the tool into a right or left hand plane, as required. All of said prior art is hereby disclaimed.

I claim as my invention —

1. The herein-described rabbet-plane, consisting of the stock A, having screw-holes f upon opposite sides and in alignment with each other, the gage-rod b, screw-threaded upon its end to fit both of said holes in the stock, and the reversible gage B, having the set-screw c, and a socket for securing the rod b, all substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

2. In a rabbet-plane, the combination of the stock A, having the groove h, the depth-gage C, having a central slot with the rib k fitted to rest upon the bottom of the groove h at one side of said slot, and the plane-faced rib l, which abuts against a plane surface on the stock at the opposite ends of said slot, the clamping-screw g, the gage-rod b, and the side gage, B, all substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
H. S. WALTER,
HENRY C. HINE.

No. 299,843 – Gage (Charles B. Osborn) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”365″]299843

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHARLES B. OSBORN, OF CANANDAIGUA, NEW YORK.

GAGE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 299,843, dated June 3, 1884.
Application filed April 12, 1884. (Model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES B. OSBORN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Canandaigua, in the county of Ontario and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dado-Guides for Planes; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specifiction.

Figure 1 of the drawings is a face view of my device. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the same, and Fig. 3 is a transverse section.

This invention has relation to adjustable guides for dado-planes; and it consists in the construction and novel arrangement of the longitudinally-recessed rule, carrying a slotted guide-plate and cam, the slotted extension-bar engaging the guide-plate, a second radially-adjustable clamp-jaw, pivoted to said extension-bar, and devices for holding the extension-bar and clamp-jaws in position after adjustment, substantially as specified.

In the accompanying drawings, the letter A designates the rule or guide-bar, against which the dado-plane is designed to work. In the bottom of this bar is made a longitudinal recess, B, and it is provided with an under face-plate, C, which is longitudinally slotted at D, below the recess of the bar. The lateral margins of the slot D project inwardly beyond the walls of the recess, to forrn slide-guides E for the extension.

F indicates the rear clamp-jaw, which is connected to the rule near its end by a clamp-screw and a pivot, G, which engages a spring, H, in a recess of the rule, giving a little play to the clamp-bar in the direction of the length of said rule. The clamp-screws K pass through a strap, L, and through slots I, which are extended radially in series around the center of the jaw. When the clamp-screws are loosened, the jaw can he turned to the required angle, and then by turning the clamp-screws it can be held at that angle firmly. The biting or holding edge N of the jaw, which is to be pressed against the work, is preferably provided with small teeth a. The slots through which the clamp-screws pass are diametrically opposite to each other, and allow the clamp-jaw to be pressed back a little by the spring. In rear of the clamp-jaw is pivoted a cam, P, which engages the circular back b of the clamp-jaw. When this cam is turned in the proper direction, it will force the jaw forward against the work. The slide bar or extension V is slotted in its sides, or entirely through from side to side, as indicated at R, to engage the guide-edges E of the slotted plate C. This extension is designed to fill the recess of the rule-bar neatly, but so that it will slide easily in its bearing.

Z represents the clamp-jaw, which is pivoted to the inner end of the extension by the clamp-screw S, which engages a nut, T, under the slotted guide-plate C. When the clamp-screw S is turned up hard, it secures the extension-bar in the position to which it has been adjusted with relation to the rule-bar. The clarnp-jaw Z is usually provided with small teeth, and is slotted, as at c, to receive a clamp-screw, J, whereby said jaw is held firnily in position after its angular adjustment.

In operating this device the clamp-screw S is loosened, and the jaws are adjusted to the proper angle for the work, which is received between them. The extension-bar and its jaw are then fastened up to the work, allowing about a quarter of an inch between the edge of the jaw and the work. Then the clamp-screw S is tightened and the cam P is turned forcibly, acting to press the jaws against the work. The rule is now fixed in position to guide the dado.

Having described this invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

A dado-guide consisting of the longitudinally-recessed rule, carrying a slotted guide-plate, a radially-adjustable clamp-jaw, and cam, the slotted extension-bar engaging the guide-plate, a second radially-adjustable clamp-jaw pivoted to said extension-bar, and devices for holding the extension-bar and clamp-jaws in position after adjustrnent, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES B. OSBORN.

Witnesses:
G. GRANGER BENHAM,
BRADLEY WYNKOOP.

No. 294,825 – Bench-Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”358″]294825

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 294,825, dated March 11, 1884.
Application filed October 17, 1883. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in bench-planes. In my improved plane I combine a beading and center-beading tool, plow, dado, fillister and rabbet, matching-tool, and slitting-tool.

The objects of my improvement are to render the combined tool simple in construction and convenient to change from one form to another, and to improve its working in many particulars when changed. I attain these objects by the construction illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which —

Figure 1 is a side elevation of my tool arranged for use as a plow. Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof. Fig. 2A is a vertical section of detached parts on line z z of Fig. 2. Fig. 3 is a side elevation, showing the reverse side of said plow as compared with Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a vertical section of the same on line x x of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a reverse plan view of my plane arranged for use as a matching-tool. Fig. 6 is a vertical section thereof on line y y of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a side elevation of a detached portion of the stock, showing the adjustable spur. Fig. 8 is a like view of the same as set in a different position, so as to throw the spur out of action; and Figs. 9 and 10 are like views of a modified form of the same.

My convertible or combination tool consists of three principal parts — viz., the two parts of the stock and the gage or fence. These parts are found in a prior patent to myself, dated March 4, 1873, and the changes herein described in those parts may be considered in the nature of an improvement upon the plane shown in said patent.

I make the parts A and B of the double stock mainly of cast metal, and with thin steel blades on at secured thereto. These I prefer to let into a rabbet upon the inner faces of the parts A B, and with a dovetailed or overhanging upper surface for said rabbet, the upper edges of the blades being correspondingly formed, as shown in Figs. 4 and 6. I secure these blades to the parts A B by means of screws or rivets b. The lower edges of these blades, upon their inside corners, may be beveled off, as shown, in order to adapt the blades for use in connection with a beading-cutter. By thus making the blades or lower edges of the stock of steel, the stock may be made much lighter than a cast-iron stock, while at the same time it is stronger. I am also enabled to make said blades rnuch narrower, and thereby I adapt the device for use with a much narrower cutter than has heretofore been practical. In fact, they may be made so thin as to adapt the tool for use with a cutter only one-
eighth of an inch in width.

As in prior implements of this class, the part A of the stock is provided with gage or fence rods C, for connecting and adjusting the two parts of the stock, and also for adjusting and holding the gage or fence D in proper position relatively to the stock. Instead, however, of providing this fence with only one set of holes for the rods C, I provide two sets of holes or sockets, c, and I arrange the fastening-screw d’ intermediate between said two holes or sockets, as shown most clearly in Figs. 1 and 2A, and I slightly bevel the end of the set-screw d’, so that it will impinge upon the rod C and hold the same, whether it bein the upper or lower one of the sockets c. This construction of the fence enables it to be placed higher up on the stock for certain uses, as shown in Figs. 1, 3, and 4, or so as to come lower down relatively to the bottom of the stock, as shown in Fig. 6.

I have herein illustrated the cutters d e as held in place by means of the clamp-bolt f as shown and described in my prior patent, before referred to; but any other ordinary clamping mechanism may be substituted therefor.

Upon the outside vertical faces of the blades a a, at any suitable point thereon, but preferably a little in front of the throat, as shown in Fig. 3, I arrange spurs g, for use in connection with a plow or dado, the uses of such spurs being well known. I place these spurs in a circular depression so located with reference to the edge of the stock that it runs out at the lower edge. The spur proper is formed as a radial arm of a thin steel hub or disk, having a pivotal screw, h, passed through its center into the center of the circular recess in the sides of the blades a a. I prefer to form upon this rotary spur three other arms, as shown, two of which act in connection with a stationary stop, i. By loosening the screw h, the spur may be thrown so as to project directly downward from the bottom of the stock, in which position it is stopped by contact of one of the arms with the stop i, as shown in Figs. 3 and 7, in which position it may be held by tightening the screw h. The stop, however, in connection with the pivotal screw h, is in such position as to receive the thrust or working-strain which comes upon the spur g in driving the tool forward, so that it is only necessary to tighten the screw h suffiiciently to prevent the spur from working out of place when the plane is drawn backward. When it is desired to throw the spur wholly out of action, it is only necessary to loosen the screw and turn the spur forward until another one of the arms strikes the stop i, as shown in Fig. 8, when the screw may be tightened sufficiently to hold the rotatory spur in said position. If desired, all four of the arms on this spur-disk may be sharpened, so that by loosening the screw far enough to let the arms slip by the stop, either of said arms may be brought downward so as to proiect below the lower edge of a, whereby a sharp and fresh cutting-spur can he brought into action in case the one first set in position for action by any means becomes impaired.

In Figs. 9 and 10 I have shown a modification of the spur-disk, and the manner of holding it in the stock. Instead of the circular recess before described, I sink a star-shaped depression or recess in the side of the stock, the lower part of which recess, as in the former case, extends to the lower edge of the stock. The spur-disk is substantially the same as before, except that I either make one short arm or make only three arms to radiate from the hub. I employ the same central fastening-screw; but instead of the stop i being formed separately in the form of a pin, and subsequently secured to the stock, the eccentric shape of the edge of the recess enables the walls thereof to perform the function of a stop to prevent the spur from rotating in either direction.

In order to set the spur g’ in position tor action, it is placed so as to extend downward and project below the bottom face of the stock, as shown in Fig. 9; or in case all of the arms are sharpened, the spur-disk may be set with either of its arms extended downward, as may be desired. In order to throw the spur out of action, it is only necessary to loosen the screw enough to let the spur-disk come forward out of the recess — that is, out of engagement with its stop — and then partially revolve on the central screw, so as to bring the short arm or side having no arm toward the bottom face of the stock, and then drop the spur-disk into its recess and tighten the screw, as shown in Fig. 10. In like manner the spur-disk may be changed to bring either arm of the spur into action.

E, Figs. 2, 3, and 5, designates a depth-gage of ordinary construction, and consequently a description is unnecessary.

F designates a slitting-knife vertically adjustable within a suitable seat upon the part A of the stock, for use in connection with a plow-stock substantially as shown and described in the patent to Rappleye, No. 266,519, October 24, 1882. In connection with this slitting-knife I employ another depth-gage, G, Figs. 3 and 5, and fasten the same in place by the same screw and nut which secure the slitting-knife F. I have shown the depth-gage E as placed in the main part A of the stock, (said part being that which carries the handle and rods C C;) but I provide the sliding part B of the stock with a socket, k, and set-screw m, as shown in Fig. 2, to receive and hold said gage when desired.

Having described the general construction of the parts, I will now describe the manner of using my improved plane tor the several purposes hereinbefore named. For all of these various uses, except in using the plow with a very narrow cutter, both parts of the stock are used together, and it is not necessary that any of the parts hereinbefore described shall remain detached for using my plane as any of the foregoing-named tools, except the dado, and for beading in the middle of a wide surface.

In order to use my plane as a beading and center-beading tool, I insert and fasten the proper-shaped cutter, bringing the two parts of the stock together, and placing the depth-gage in the part A of the stock, the fence or gage D being preferably set with the rod C in the lowest sockets, so as to bring the gage at the highest point, as shown in Fig. 4. If the bead is to be formed at a distance from the edge of the board greater than that to which the gage may be adjusted, said gage will have to be removed and a suitable strip fastened upon the board to gage by, the same as with other beading-tools. For beading crosswise with the grain, the spurs g should be thrown into cutting action.

For use as a plow, a cutter is selected of a desirable width and clamped in place, the two parts of the stock brought together, the depth-gage properly adiusted, the fence D being secured as shown in Fig. 4, and the spurs g brought into position for acting. By placing the gage for the plow higher up with reference to the bottom of the stock, instead of lower down, as shown in Fig. 6, it can be made to gage the work much more properly, and to steady the plow against tipping over sidewise, because it will bear against the edge of the surface of the work to its extreme upper edge, even after the cutters have plowed to a considerable depth , whereas with a gage set low down, as shown in Fig. 6, that portion of the edge surface of the work which is above the lower end of the cutter is also above the top edge of the gage, so that said portion of the surface can furnish no support whatever against the tool tipping over sidewise. The broken lines in Fig. 4 indicate a piece of work that has been plowed a distance about equal to half the depth of the gage D, and shows the relative position of the gage and stock thereto.
If a cutter is to be used whose width is less than that of the combined thickness of the blades a a, the removable part B of said stock and its blades a must be removed. The remaining part A may then be used with a cutter of practically the same width as the thickness of the blade a.

For a dado, the fence or gage D is wholly removed, a suitable cutter is inserted in place, and the two parts of the stock brought together, the depth-gage E is secured and properly adjusted within the sliding part B of the stock, and the spurs g set for cutting action.

For a fillister and rabbet, a cutter of the desired width is selected and properly secured within the stock, the depth-gage is placed in the part A of the stock, and the fence or gage D secured by passing the rods C through the upper sockets of said gage, as shown in Fig. 6.

For a slitting-tool, the knife F is properly adjusted and the tool used in the manner set forth in the patent to Rappleye hereinbefore specified. The bottom gage, G, may also be used in connection therewith, if desired. This gage may also be brought down into position for use when the slitting-knife is drawn upward or removed, if desired, and while the other depth-gage, E, is placed in the sliding part D of the stock, thereby bringing a depth-gage into action upon both sides of the stock, for use in connection with any of the several tools.

The cutter d (shown in Figs. l, 2, and 3) is an ordinary cutting-bit with an edge square across the end.

The cutter e (shown in Figs. 5 and 6) is one which is specially adapted for a matching-tool, and is provided with a depth-gage, a, secured directly to the cutter. This cutter is shown herein merely to show my plane as adapted for a matching-tool, and said cutter and its gage I intend to make the subject of another application of even date herewith.

In lieu of the gage n, other gages may be arranged to bear upon the edge of the tongue for gaging the depth.

I employ a matching-tool having a narrow shank with a wider bit at its cutting end, so that when its narrow shank is set in position and the two parts of the stock brought against the respective edges thereof the cutting-edge of the bit will project laterally upon both sides of the stock, at the bottom part thereof, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6.

The gage or fence D is placed in its lowermost position, so that it may slide under the cutting-edge of the cutter and bottom edge of the stock, as shown in Fig. 6. This enables me to adjust the gage to a point from the middle of the cutter a distance equal to half the thickness of the board to be tongued, and when so adjusted the tongue formed on the board by this matching-tool will always be exactly in the middle, and this can be accomplished with the use of only one cutter in any board whose thickness is not greater than the width of the cutter at its lower end, and which is not so narrow as the space between the blades a a, or, in other words, the longitudinal groove in the bottom face of the stock. By thus making the cutting end of the cutter wider than the span of the blades a a or working-face of the stock, I can with a single cutter centrally tongue boards of different thicknesses within the limits before named.

I claim as my invention —

l. The combination of the gage-rods C C of a bench-plane, the gage or fence D, having two sets of sockets-one above the other-and suitable means for fastening said gage upon said rods, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

2. The combination of gage-rods C C, a suitable gage or fence having double sockets for the reception of said rods, and a set-screw arranged intermediately between the sockets and adapted to clamp the rods when placed in either one of the sockets, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

3. The combination of the stock and the rotatory cutting-spur adapted to project below the edge of the stock, or to be carried up above said edge by turning it upon its axis, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

4. The combination of the stock, the rotatory spur pivoted thereto, and a suitable stop for limiting the rotation of said spur during the forward movement of the stock, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

5. The combination of the stock, the spur-disk having radial arms, the adjusting-screw, by means of which said disk is secured to the stock, and a suitable stop for preventing said spur-disk from rotating on said screw, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
JAMES SHEPARD,
JOHN EDWARDS, Jr.

No. 136,469 – Improvement In Carpenters’ Planes (Justus A. Traut) (1873)

[paiddownloads id=”208″]136469

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

IMPROVEMENT IN CARPENTERS’ PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 136,469, dated March 4, 1873.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, of New Britain, county of Hartfbrd and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvement in Carpenters’ Planes; and to enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same I will proceed to describe, referring to the drawing, in which the same letters indicate like parts in each of the figures.

The nature of this invention consists in making a metal tool combining plow, dado, and rabbet, capable of being easily and quickly changed and adjusted from one to the other.

Figure 1 is an outside elevation of the stock, in which the cutting-tools are secured. Fig. 2 is an inside view of an adjustable section of the stock, which is fitted closely and works back and forth freely upon arms, which are secured in a detachable manner into the main stock. Fig. 3 is a top view of this tool, showing the detachable arms secured in the body of the stock, one portion of which is arranged thereon so as to move back and forth freely and parallel with the main body. Fig. 4 shows the sides and section of a guide-plate, having a rabbet on each side which takes bearing on the edge of and is secured to the outside of the adjustable section of the stock by screws; one side of this plate when secured will be flush with the inside face of the stock; when the other side of the plate is secured to the stock it will form a rabbet at the junction of the lower edge of the stock and face of the plate; when secured flush with the stock serves simply as a guide; when secured so as to form a rabbet, the lower edge of the stock and face ofthe plate will take bearing against the edge and surface of the material being worked. Fig. 5 is a gage device, arranged near the front end of the tool to regulate the depth of cut, adjusted and held at the desired point by a set-screw. Fig. 6 is a screw-bolt, fitted into a hole drilled through the stock to receive said bolt, and is couuterbored from the inside so as to just receive the head of said bolt; one side of said bolt-head is cutaway so as to form an incline plane parallel with the face of the cutting-tool, so that by turning the nut on said bolt the incline surface will compress the cutting-tool and hold it firmly in its place. Fig. 7 are cutting-tools much like those in common use.

a is the stock proper. a’ is an adjustable section of the stock. b is a handle, fitted and secured to the metal by glue, having an admixture of mineral or other suitable material to insure its being held more firmly; I also insert a rivet through the wood and metal. c is a knob, arranged at the front end of the stock a, by which to steady the tool. d is the cutting-tool, fitted to the stock in the usual way, and is pressed to its seat by the incline surface of the screw-bolt e. f is a gage to regulate the depth of the cut of the tool d, having a shoe, g, secured to an arm, g’, by which it is adjusted and held to its desired position by set-screw h. This gage f is fitted to the sockets h’ h’ in the two-part stock, so that it can be changed from one to the other as occasion may require. i i are spur-cutters, fitted into dovetail grooves in the outside surfaces, and near the lower edge of the two parts of the stock a a’, just in front of the cutters, for the purpose of cutting the fiber of the wood to prevent the cutter from tearing. j j are arms fitted into the body of the stock, so that they may be removed and replaced at pleasure simply by inserting a pin into the orifices j’ The adjustable section of the stock a’ is attached to the arms j j, to fit closely and move freely to and fro in its relative position with the stock a, and is secured by set-screws h h. k is a boss or projection formed on the inside of the adjustable section a’, Fig. 2, so that when a cutter is secured in the stock a, and the adjustable stock a’ is moved forward, the boss k will bear against the outer edge of the cutter, which will fix the spurs the exact distance apart as the cut of the tool, thus forming a dado variable in width with that of the cutter used, simply by changing one cutting-tool for another.

If it be desirable to use a rabbet-plane place the side m of the guard-plate n against the outside and lower edge of the plate of the stock a’, and secure it by the screws h”’ h”’, Fig. 2, which will allow the lower edges of the two-part stock a a’ to rest upon the surface of the material, while the face of the guard-plate it bears against the edge or sides of the material on which the rabbet is to be formed. Thus a perfect rabbet-plane is produced susceptible of being regulated to various widths and depth.

When it is desirable to use this tool for a plow place the side m’ of the guard-plate n against the stock-plate a’, flush with the inside thereof, and secure the same by set-screws h”’ h”’; then use in the common way. Thus I am enabled to produce a dado, plow, and rabbet-plane in one tool, quickly and easily changed from one to the other, made detachable, and which can be packed in a small compass.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. The combination of the stationary stock a with the adjustable stock a’, when the latter is provided with the boss k, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. The detachable and reversible guard-plate n, when used in combination with the stock a, and adjustable stock a’, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
G. H. DICKERSON,
J. A. CONKLIN.

No. 129,010 – Improvement In Dado-Planes (Rufus H. Dorn) (1872)

[paiddownloads id=”199″]129010

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

RUFUS H. DORN, OF PORT HENRY, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN DADO-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 129,010, dated July 16, 1872.

_________________

Specification describing a new and Improved Extension Plane, invented by RUFUS H. DORN, of Port Henry, in the county of Essex and State of New York.

Figure 1 represents a side view of my improved extension plane; Fig. 2 is a bottom view of the same; and Fig. 3, a vertical transverse section on the line c c, Fig. 1.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

The object of this invention is to produce a grooving-plane which can be adjusted without change of knives, to cut narrower or wider grooves; and the invention consists in the application, to the plane, of a pivoted cutting-blade which can be swung more or less to one side to enlarge the scope of its action. The invention also consists in several other details of improvement, and in the combination with the swinging blade of a laterally-adjustable spur or marking blade, which must be set in accordance with the position of the swinging blade.

A in the drawing represents the body or block of the plane, made of wood or metal, and containing the ordinary planing-knife B, and double-pointed marking-spur C, in front, like every ordinary plane. The knife B and marker C extend across the full width of a rib, a, that projects from the bottom of the plane, and are therefore adapted to cut a groove of exactly the width of the said rib. D is a vertical arbor extending through the plane A, and through the rib a, and carrying a horizontal cutter, b, at its lower end. For the reception of this cutter b, a recess is provided in the rib a. When the arbor D is turned so as to swing the cutter b laterally, as in Fig. 2, the latter will thereby enlarge the cutting width of the plane in as far as its cutting-edge projects from the rib a. The larger the angle, therefore, at which the cutter b projects from the rib or, the wider will be the groove cut. The arbor D carries a slotted segment, d, at its upper end, by which the arbor and its knife may be set to any desired position. Through the segment passes a screw, e, which enters the plane for locking the cutter b in any position to which it may be swung. The arbor D is also vertically adjustable in the plane to compensate for wear and set the blade b to greater or less depth; and the blade is held at the desired height by a set-screw, f or its equivalent. E is a laterally-adjustable spur or marker, arranged on a transverse head, g, in front of the arbor D. It is set in line with the point of the blade b, and cuts through the stuff vertically, and thus defines exactly the width of grooves to be cut by the plane. The head g extends entirely through the plane A laterally, and can therefore be moved from either side to set the marker E. A wedge h, above the head g, serves to clamp it in any desired position, as is clearly indicated in Fig. 3. The marker E is attached by an adjustable union, in the form of a screw, to the head g, so that when the marker wears, or its vertical position requires change, it may be conveniently adusted. F is a vertically-adjustable gauge or support to regulate the depth of the out of the plane, and also support the marker E. The shank of the gauge F extends through the plane, and the gauge is adjusted from the top thereon and is held in the desired position by the lateral set-screw x. The position of the marker E is directly in front of the gauge, and in the use of the plane the force applied carries the marker against the gauge, which supports the marker and keeps it in proper position. The bottom of the plane is provided, in connection with the marker E and with the cutter b, with graduating scales or indexes i i, which represent the width of groove that may be cut, on which indexes the blade b and marker E can be set with great exactness, so that their respective positions will correspond with each other.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

1. The combination, in a plane, of the cutters B b and markers C E, arranged to operate together in the manner described.

2. The cutter b, providedwith arbor D, combined with the slotted segment d, as and for the purpose set forth.

The above specification of my invention signed by me this 12th day of January 1872.

RUFUS H. DORN

Witnesses;
T. B. MOSHER,
GEO. W. MABEE.

No. 126,707 – Improvement In Planes (Conrad Jensen) (1872)

[paiddownloads id=”194″]126707

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CONRAD JENSEN, OF BOSTON, MASSAOHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 126,707, dated May 14, 1872.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CONRAD JENSEN, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing making part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved plane. Fig. 2 is a plan of the under side of the same. Fig. 3 is an elevation of the side of the plane opposite to that shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal vertical section on the line x x of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a transverse vertical section on the line y y of Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a transverse vertical section on the line z z of Fig. 2. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of one portion of the plane detached and inverted. Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the other portion inverted. Fig. 9 is a plan of the under side of the portion of the plane shown in Fig. 8, with the gauge removed.

In “matching” boards of varying thicknesses it is customary to employ a “plow” plane for cutting the grooves, the plane being made adjustable, so as to insure the groove being in the required position, different irons being used for grooves of different widths. To cut tenons corresponding thereto has, however, heretofore necessitated the employment of a number of separate tools (one for each size of tenon) which were expensive, and required much time and care to keep in order. My invention has for its object to overcome these objections; and consists in a combination plane formed of two portions, each provided with an iron, and made adjustable to and from the other, by which construction tenons of various widths and depths may be cut in any desired position with one and the same tool, which can also be used as a “dado” plane; the two portions, (which are provided with suitable gauges and cutters,) when separated furnishing a “dado” plane, two “rabbet” planes, and a “lillister” plane.

To enable others skilled in the art to understand and use my invention I will proceed to describe the manner in which I have carried it out.

In the said drawing, A B represent the two portions of my improved plane, connected together by screws C provided with nuts. Each of the portions A B is provided with an iron, a, set at an angle, a vertical cutter, b, in front thereof, and a sliding gauge, c, on one side, operated by a thumb-screw, d. D is a longitudinal gauge, provided with slots e, and secured by screws f to the under side of the portion A. The screws C are each provided with two nuts, g g, one on each side ofthe plane, and also with two nuts, h h, between the two portions A B, and ntting into recesses i i, formed therein, in order that the two portions may be brought nearly together; and it is by means of these nuts and screws that the portions A B are held firmly in position at any required distance from each other. The portion A is provided with a handle, K, by which the plane is operated. When it is desired to cut a tenon at a given distance from the edge of a board, the gauge D is set at a corresponding distance from the inner edge l of the portion A. The distance apart of the portions A and B is now made to correspond to the required width of the tenon by operating the nuts g h, and the gauges c are then adjusted to make the distance from their under side to the bottom of the portions A B equal to the required height of the tenon. It will thus be seen that I am enabled by a single plane to make a tenon of any required width and depth on a board or plank of any thickness, and situated at any required distance from its edge; whereas, it has heretofore required a diiferent tool for every different size of tenon, which was necessarily in the center of the thickness of the board.

My improved plane may also be used as a “dado” plane, to cut a groove at any required distance, within the limits of the length of the screws C, from the edge of a board, by entirely covering the iron a of the portion A with the gauge D, and adjusting the portion B at the required distance from the portion A, when the plane may be operated, as seen in Fig. 6, the gauge D resting against the edge of the board, and serving as a guide, and also preventing the iron a of the portion A from cutting. The depth of the groove thus cut by the iron a of the portion B is regulated by its gauge c, and its double cutter b acts in advance of the iron a in the usual manner.

When a groove is to be cut beyond the limits of the screws C the portion B is separated from the portion A and used alone, in which case it becomes an ordinary “dado” plane, and requires to be moved against a guide-strip, temporarily secured to the board, to give the required direction to the groove.

By removing the double cutter b and gauge c from the portion B, when detached, it becomes an ordinary narrow “rabbet” plane, which is a great advantage, as it has heretofore been impossible to convert a “dado” plane into a “rabbet” plane, on account of the shoulder on its under side.

When the portion B is detached, the portion A with its gauge D becomes a “fillister” plane, and by removing the gauges C D from the portion A it becomes a broad “rabbet” plane, a change which it has heretofore been impossible to make, for the reason that the iron in an ordinary “Fillister” plane extends only part way across its under surface, which prevents it from being used as a “rabbet” plane.

From the foregoing it will be seen that I combine in a single tool a tenon-cutter for cutting tenons of all sizes in every desired position, a “dado” plane, a “fillister” plane, and two “rabbet” planes, of different widths, while but two irons are used, which do not require to be changed in performing the various operations above referred to, and I am thus enabled to effect a great saving in tools and in the space required for the same, as well as in the labor of grinding, and care required to keep them in order.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

I claim the tool as described, as a new article of manufacture.

Witness my hand this 5th day of March, A.D. 1872.

CONRAD JENSEN.

In presence of —
P. E. TESCHHMACHER,
W. J. CAMBRIDGE.

No. 165,356 – Improvement In Dado Planes (Charles G. Miller And Leonard Bailey) (1875)

[paiddownloads id=”58″]165356

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHARLES G. MILLER AND LEONARD BAILEY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT; SAID MILLER ASSIGNOR TO SAID BAILEY.

IMPROVEMENT IN DADO-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 165,356, dated July 6, 1875; application filed February 24, 1875.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, CHARLES G. MILLER and LEONARD BAILEY, of New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State ot Connecticut, have invented an Improved Dado, of which the following is a specitication, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, where —

Figure 1 is a top view. Fig. 2 is a left side view. Fig. 3 is a front-end view.

The device is a joiner’s tool of that kind or class known as dados, and the features of the invention are two in number — first, a peculiar gravitating guide, which is both laterally and vertically adjustable; and, second, a depth-guide, made reversible, so that it can be used on the right or the left side ofthe body of the tool.

The parts of the tool herein shown and described are metallic, except that the knob or ball, which serves as a hand-grasp, may well be of iron.

The letter a denotes the stock or body of the tool, to the rear end of which is fixed the handle a1, having the wooden knob or hand-grasp a2. The letter b denotes the “iron,” so called; and c, the chisel or “iron ” which cuts or marks the sides of the groove, both the chisels running down the same throat. The letter d denotes a depth-gage, attached to and vertically adjustable upon the side of the body a, by means of the set screws e e, for regulating the depth of the cut. This depth gage is detachable from the left side of the body a, where it appears in the drawings, and attachable in the same manner to the right side by means of the screws e’ e’, which correspond in office and purpose to the screws e e. The letters f f denote two rods rigid on the bar g. These rods run through the sockets i i in the body a, and are set and held at a desired point by the thumb-screws h h, thus making the side guide, about to be described, laterally adjustable to and from the body a. The letter m denotes the side guide borne on the vertical rods n n, which run up through the sockets g’ g’, having vertical play therein, and thereby giving the side guide on the same vertical play, the cap-screws n’ n’ preventing the rods n n from falling down through and away from the sockets g’. The manner of using this tool is shown in Fig. 3, the letter o denoting a board with a groove, o’, cut therein, and the dado about to out another groove, the side guide m fitting against the side of the groove o’, and resting on the bottom of the groove. As the chisel of the dado cuts deeper and deeper into the wood the side guide m, remains vertically stationary, the vertical play of the rods n n permitting this. The side guide m is shown in the drawings upon the right side of the body a. It can be taken off or detached from this side and, being turned end for end, attached upon the left side of the body a in a precisely similar manner; and in such case the depth-guide d is taken off the left side of the body and, being turned end for end, attached in precisely similar manner to the right side.

We are aware that side guides are not new, nor do we mean to claim such generally, but only the peculiar combination we describe, which allows our side guide to remain stationary upon the bottom of a groove while the plane descends into the wood at another place — that is, a gravitating side guide.

We claim as our invention —

1. The combination of the stock a, rods f f bar g, sockets g’ g’, rods n n, having free play, within limits, in sockets g’, and the guide m, all substantially as described.

2. The combination of the body a with the depth-gage d and side guide on, which can be used upon either side of the body a, substantially as shown and described.

CHARLES G. MILLER.
LEONARD BAILEY.

Witnesses:
H. C. WILLIAMS,
W. H. LINSLEY.

No. 216,979 – Improvement In Bench Planes (Jacob Siegley) (1878)

[paiddownloads id=”60″]216979

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JACOB SIEGLEY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 216,979, dated July 1, 1879; application filed December 6, 1878.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JACOB SIEGLEY, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Conibination Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the acompanying drawings, in which —

Figure 1 represents a side view of my improved bench-plane arranged as a plow. Fig. 2 is a side view of the gage or fence used therewith. Figs. 3, 4, and 5 are, respectively, a side view, top view, and vertical transverse section on line x x, Fig. 3, of the bead-plane to be used in connection with the stock of the bench-plane. Figs. 6 and 7 are a side view and a cross-section on line y y, Fig. 6, of a scratch-bead plane. Figs. 8, 9, and 11 are, respectively, a side view, top view, and vertical transverse section on line z z, Fig. 9, of the “dado” or rabbeting attachment ; and Figs. 10 and 12 are vertical transverse sections on lines c c and k k of the plane arranged as a plow or grooving-plane.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

This invention refers to such improvements in the bench-plane for carpenters’ use that the same may be used with greater facility either as a plow, bead-plane, scratch-bead, or dado or rabbeting plane for the different purposes of grooving, beading, and rabbeting, the parts of the plane and interchangeable attachments being so constructed as to take up much less room in the tool-chest than the common wooden planes in use. The different parts are also quickly adjusted on the main stock, and the work accomplished in a more perfect and accurate manner without any sandpapering or finishing of the edges.

The various attachments to the plane answer to all requirements of the work, and are, by the simpler, stronger, and more compendious shape, more convenient in use and less expensive than the diiferent sizes of wooden planes at present employed.

The invention consists of a main stock having a laterally adjustable and detachable side gage or fence, a vertically-adjustable double stop-gage, and interchangeable advance or lead cutters.

To eye-slots of the blade of the stock are locked the diiferent sizes of bead-planes, scratch-beads, and the dado or rabbeting plane, which are all provided with advance cutters for preventing the tearing of the edges by the cutters.

The dado is laterally adjustable to different sizes, and may, as well as the scratch-beads, be used in connection with the side gage and double-stop gages of the stock.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the stock of my improved bench-plane, which is made of iron or other suitable metal, with the customary handle and inclined bearing-surface for the detachable plow or grooving-iron B. The latter is secured to its bearing-surface by a pivot, lever, and clamp-screw, (shown in Fig. 1,) as commonly used in iron planes. Into the grooved bottom part of the stock is firmly secured the blade C, which extends throughout the whole length of the stock, and is recessed in suitable manner for the plow and other parts.

The blade C is provided with two or more eye-slots, a, which serve for admitting the beads of the locking-studs a’ of the bead-planes, scratch-beads, rabbeting-planes, and other attachments to be used in connection with the plow-stock A.

At one side of the stock extend horizontal guide-posts D, which are permanently secured to the stock, for the laterally-adjustable side gage or fence, E. This gage or fence E is hung by arms b, with horizontal sleeves b1, to the posts D, and readily adjusted thereon to any distance from the stock, and then secured by set-screws d, as shown in Figs. 2 and 12. This side gage serves to guide the plow, bead, or rabbeting plane at the required distance from the edge, in the well-known manner in bench-planes.

The stock A is next arranged in front of the plow, with a double stop-gage, F, whose shank F’ is vertically guided in recesses e of the stock and blade, and adjusted to any distance from the lower edge of the blade by a screw-nut, e1, working on the threaded bolt end of the shank F’. The rigid position of the double stop-gage F is secured by a side set-screw, e2, which prevents the gage from slipping while in use. The stop-gage extends at both sides of the stock-blade, and furnishes thereby a steadier and more reliable gage than the single stop heretofore in use at one side of the stock. The stop-gage is grooved at the under side, the groove extending centrally through its entire length, so as to enable the adjustment of the stop-gage to a point below the recess of the blade.

By this quickly-adjustable and positively-secured stop-gage the work is accomplished in a more reliable and accurate manner, and, owing to the rigid hold in the body of the stock, any possibility of irregular work prevented.

The blade has a vertical recess in front of the stop-gage F for the advance cutters G, which are shown in Figs. 1 and 10. These advance cutters are secured by means of a clamping-screw, f and the movable front portion, C’, of the blade C, the advance cutters being made of different sizes, corresponding to the different sizes of plows, so that each size of plow works with its corresponding size of advance cutter. The movable blade-section C’ is guided by slots on cross-pins ofthe stock, and firmly locked to the cutter G by the clamp-screw f The advance cutters do away with the work of running a gage over the board, and prevent the plows from tearing the edges in cross-grain timber. This is an important time and labor saving attachment, as it produces smoother edges and dispenses with the sandpapering or otherwise finishing of the same.

By means of the eye-slots of the blade a series of interchangeable bead-planes and scratch-beads, H, and a dado or rabbeting plane, I, may be used in connection with the plow-stock A. The bead-planes and scratch-beads H are shown in Figs. 3 to 7, a full set going with each stock. These are, like the dado, made of suitable metal, so as to take up less room, and are also more durable than the wooden bead-planes, which take up a great deal of room in the tool-chest and wear out rapidly. The bead-planes and dado are, in the same manner as the plow, provided with advance cutters G, that serve for the same purpose as the advance cutters of the plow.

The dado or rabbet plane is made adjustable to from three-eighths of an inch to one and one-quarter inch in width, one section being locked to the blade C, while the other section is adjustable on rigid posts of the fixed section by means of sleeves and set-screws, like the side gage, E, as shown in Figs. 8 and 9, for cutters of varying sizes. Both sections have advance cutters G, as shown in Fig. 11, so as to lead the way for the main cutters. There may also be used, in connection with the stock, a set of hollows and rounds, as well as a set of smaller molding-planes, which feature is of special advantage for carpenters in smaller cities, away from the planing-mills.

The bench-plane, with its different attachments, is very handy and useful for all workers in wood, as it is less expensive, more durable, more compact, and better adapted in every respect to the different requirements of that trade.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

1. The combination, in a bench-plane, of the stock A and blade C, having a movable front section, C’, with interchangeable advance cutters G, and with a locking clamp-screw, f, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with a plane-stock, A, and blade G, of a dado or rabbeting plane, I, which is locked, by a fixed plate having a longitudinal bottom shoulder, to the blade, and provided with a movable section or stock that is capable of adjustment on posts of the fixed plate, so as to receive different sizes of rabbeting-cutters, substantially as specified.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name, in presence of two witnesses, this 4th day of December, 1878.

JACOB SIEGLEY.

Witnesses:

PAUL GOEPEL,
ADOLF DENGLER.

No. 245,752 – Bench Plane (Jacob Siegley) (1881)

[paiddownloads id=”61″]245752

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JACOB SIEGLEY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 245,752, dated August 16, 1881.
Application filed September 4, 1880. (Model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JACOB SIEGLEY, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in the benchplane for carpenters’ use for which Letters Patent have been granted to me heretofore, under date of July 1, 1879, and numbered 216,979, the improvements being designed for the purpose of simplifying the construction and render the plane more convenient in use and less expensive.

The invention consists of a bench-plane the stock of which is provided with a fixed blade having a concave taper at its lower part, in combination with an auxiliary and laterally-adjustable blade having a similar taper symmetrically to that of the blade of the stock.

The invention consists, secondly, of a stock; which is provided at one side with detachable guide arms or posts tor the laterally-adjustable side gage or fence, and with shorter arms or guide-posts at the opposite side for the auxiliary blade. The plow or other cutting-tool is secured to the inclined bearing-surface of the stock by a wedge-piece and clamping-screw, the wedge-piece being guided along a flared cheek of the stock.

The invention consists, lastly, of the fastening of the advance cutters into grooves of the blades by clamping-screws flush with the blades.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate iny invention, Figure 1 represents a side elevation of my improved bench-plane ; Fig. 2, a vertical transverse section of the same on line x x, Fig. 1; and Figs. 3 and 4 are detail vertical transverse sections, respectively on lines y y and z z, Fig. 1, showing the fastening of the advance cutters to the blades of the plane and the locking wedge-piece of the plow or rabbeting-cutters. Figs. 5 and 6 are respectively a top view, partly in section, and a bottom view, of my bench-plane.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

In the drawings, A represents the stock of my improved bench-plane, which is made of iron or other suitable metal, with the customary handle at one end and an inclined bearing-surface, a, for the detachable plow or other cutting-tool B at the middle portion thereof. The plow B is secured to the bearing-surface by means of a sliding wedge-piece, B’, which is guided along a flared cheek, a’, of the stock A by means of a screw-post, b, secured to the wedgepiece, and a clamping-nut, b’, as shown, respectively, in Figs. 1 and 4.

The stock A is provided at its lower part with a fixed blade, C, which extends throughout the whole length of the stock, and is provided at one side thereof with a concave taper, d, as shown clearly in Fig. 2.

Horizontal guideposts D extend at one side from the stock and are screwed in detachable manner into sockets of the stock, and provided at the outer ends with diametrical holes for more easily detaching them from the stock. On the guide-posts D is supported the laterally-adjustable gage or fence E, which is secured in the usual manner to the post by set-screws. This gage orfence E serves to guide the plane when it is used as a plow, bead, or rabbeting plane, at the required distance from the edge, in the well-known manner in planes. The stock A is next provided, in front ofthe plow, with a stop-gage, F, which extends sidewise at both sides of the blade and is vertically adjustable in a recess of the blade, and secured at the proper height by a side clamp-screw, as shown in Fig. 1. The stock is furthermore provided, at the side opposite to that to which the guide-posts D ofthe fence E are applied, with fixed horizontal guide-posts G, which serve for the support of an auxiliary blade, C’ The blade C’ is attached to the lower ends of arms G’, the upper sleeve -shaped ends of which are guided on the posts G and secured thereto by set-screws. This auxiliary blade C’ is provided at its inner side, facing the blade of the stock A, with a concave taper, d’, which is symmetrical to that of blade C.

The auxiliary blade C’ is adjusted laterally on its guide-post for plows or cutters of different sizes, the concave edges of both blades C and C’ serving for guiding the plane along the bead formed by the bead-cutters. The tapering edges d d’ have but a small degree of concavity, so as to be adapted for use with the different sizes of bead-cutters.

The blades C and C’ are arranged between the plow or rabbeting-cutter and the stop-gage F, with advance cutters H, which are shown in Figs. 1 and 3. These advance cutters H are inserted into side grooves of the blades C and C’, which grooves encircle nearly entirely the advance cutters, so that they may be firmly forced by fastening clamp-screws e against the approaching edges ofthe grooves and thereby securely held in position. The cutting-edges of the advance cutters H are thereby in line with the outer surface of the blades C C’, which is essential for the proper action of the advance cutters. The advance cutters serve for all sizes of plows and cutting-irons and dispense with running a gage over the board and prevent the plows from tearing the edges in cross-grained timber.

When the advance cutters are worn out their fastening-screws are loosened and the cutters adjusted by being pushed downward in their guide-grooves and then reclamped by the fastening-screws, the heads of which are preferably flush with the blades. The advance cutters are made of the best steel, sharpened from time to time, and replaced by new cutters when worn out.

By means of the laterally-adjustable auxiliary blade and interchangeable ploivs and cutters the improved bench-plane may be used for grooving, beading, and rabbeting, either as a plow, bead-plane, scratch-bead, match-plane, and dado or rabbeting-plane. When used as a dado the fence and its guide-posts are detached, so as not to interfere with the hand in holding the square. It may be also used by the carpenter for sash-moldings and for other purposes, as it combines a number of useful features in a very compact and durable manner.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

1. In a bench-plane, the stock with fixed blade G and laterally-adjustable auxiliary blade C’, having concave tapers d’ on their inner sides, and an inclined bearing-surface, a, in combination with the holding device, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4, substantially as set forth.

2. In a bench-plane, the combination of the blades C C’, the side grooves therein, the arms G’, the advance cutters H, the stop-gage F, the guide-post D, and the fence E, substantially as set forth.

3. In a bench-plane, the stock having an inclined bearing-face, a, and a recess with a flaring cheek, a’ a, plow B, a sliding wedge-piece, B’, fixed screw-posts D, and clamping-nut b’, in combination with the fixed and adjustable blades C C’ and advance-cutters H, substantially as set forth.

4. In a bench-plane, the combination of the fixed and adjustable blades C C’, each having a vertical and nearly circular side groove or socket, with advance cutters H and clamp-
screws e, bearing on their inner sides, the advance cutters being, on the outer side, flush with the outer surface of the blades, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that 1 claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name, in presence of two witnesses, this 24th day of August, 1880.

JACOB SIEGLEY.

Witnesses:
PAUL GOEPEL,
CARL KARP.

No. 269,968 – Bench Plane (Jacob Siegley) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”62″]269968

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JACOB SIEGLEY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 269,968, dated January 2, 1883.
Application filed May 22, 1882.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JACOB SIEGLEY, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specifcation.

This invention has reference to certain improvements in bench-planes, for which Letters Patent of the United States have been granted to me heretofore, which Letters Patent bear date, respectively, July 1,1879, and August 16, 1881, and are numbered 216,979 and 245,752, the improvements being designed with a view to lock the cutting-tool or plow in a more reliable manner and facilitate the forward feeding and adjusting of the same.

The invention consists of a bench-plane, the stock of which is provided with an inclined cutting-tool or plow, the upper surface of which is laterally grooved or serrated, to be engaged by a wedge-shaped locking-block having a correspondingly-grooved bottom, said block being secured against an inclined cheek of the stock by a lateral screw-post and clamp-nut, and moved forward by a longitudinal set-screw of the wedge shaped block, so as to raise or lower the plow in the stock.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a side elevation of my improved bench-plane, and Figs. 2 and 3 are respectively a detail section on line x x, Fig. 1, and a vertical transverse section on line y y, Fig. 2.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the stock of my improved bench-plane, which is made of cast-iron or other suitable metal, and with a handle of the usual form at the rear end. The middle part of the stock A is provided with an inclined recess, a, the lower surface of which forms the bearing-surface for the detachable plow or other cutting-tool B. The cutting-tool B is provided at its upper surface and near its middle portion with transverse grooves b b, which are engaged by the grooved or serrated bottom of a wedge-shaped locking-block, B’, the tapering top and side of which are guided along flaring cheeks d d of the stock A. The wedge-shaped block B’ is adjusted by means of a lateral screw-post, e, that is secured to the block and passed through a recess of the stock A, the block being tightly clamped to the stock and cutting-tool by a screw-nut, e’, as shown, respectively, in Figs. 2 and 3. The wedge-shaped block B’ is further arranged with a set-screw, j, that engages an interiorly-threaded socket of the wedge-shaped block B’, the set-screw f being arranged parallel to the cutting-tool or plow B, and provided with a head, f’, having socket-holes for inserting a suitable lever-pin, whereby the screw may be turned in one or the other direction. The head f’ of the screw f bears against a shoulder, f2, of the stock A, so that on turning the head the wedge-shaped block B’, and consequently the cutting-tool or plow B, is set higher or lower in the stock, as required for the proper setting of the tool. The wedge-shaped block B’ has to be of somewhat less length than the distance between the flaring front cheek, d, and the shoulder f2, so as to provide a certain play for the adjustment of the block and cutting-tool after the same has been placed in position in the recess of the stock. For adjusting the cutting-tool B the clamping-nut is first loosened and the cutting-tool adjusted so that its cutting-edge projects below the bottom surface of the stock A. The locking-block B’ is now clamped tightly to the grooved portion of the cutting-tool B, and, finally, the tool adjusted forward or back by means of the adjusting set-screw f so that the proper length projects below the bottom surface of the stock. In this manner a reliable locking device tor the cutting-tools of bench-planes is obtained, and a means whereby the cutting-tool may be accurately adjusted from time to time, as required by the work and the gradual wear of the tool.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

1. In a bench-plane, the combination of a stock having flaring cheeks, a plow or cutting-tool having transverse grooves at its upper surface, a wedge-shaped locking-block having a grooved bottom, means for clamping the block tightly to the cutting-tool. and means for longitudinally adjusting the locking-block and cutting-tool, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a bench-plane, the combination of the stock: A, having an inclined recess, a, flaring cheeks d d2, and shoulder f2, a plow or cutting-tool, B, having transverse grooves b b, a, wedge shaped locking-block, B’, having a grooved bottom, a, lateral screw-post, e, and clamp-nut e’, and a longitudinal set-screw, f’, all substantially set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JACOB SIEGLEY

Witnesses:
PAUL GOEPEL,
SIDNEY MANN.

No. 294,919 – Bench Plane (Jacob Siegley) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”63″]294919

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JACOB SIEGLEY, OF WILKES-BARRE, PENNSYLVANIA.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 294,919, dated March 11, 1884.
Application filed July 6, 1883. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JACOB SIEGLEY, of Wilkes-Barré, Luzerne county, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Iinproveinents in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to certain improvements in bench-planes for which Letters Patent have been granted to me heretofore, which Letters Patent bear date. respectively, July 1, 1879, August 16, 1881, and January 2, 1888, and are numbered 216,979, 245,752, and 269,988, the improvements being designed with a view to cheapen the manufacture, increase the usefulness of the plane, and facilitate the handling of the same.

The invention consists of a bench-plane in which the fixed and movable blades are provided with advance cutters, which are inserted into sidewise-inclined perforations of said blades, and secured thereto by clamp-screws, so that the lower ends of the advance cutters project somewhat beyond the planes of the blades. The stock of the blade is provided with sockets cast integral therewith, for the purpose of receiving lateral guide-rods, which are made of one piece and clamped in said sockets by means of set-screws. The front part of the stock has a horizontal slot for the purpose of receiving the rim of a screw-nut, which engages the threaded shank of a stop-gage, said shank being guided in suitable holes arranged in the stock, while the stop-gage is guided in a recess of the laterally-adustable cage or fence.

In the accompanying drawings, Figures 1 and 2 are side views, showing both sides of my improved plane. Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section on line x x, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a similar section on line y y of the same figure.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the stock of my improved bench-plane, which is made of cast-iron or other suitable metal, and provided with a handle of the usual form at the rear end. The middle part of the stock A is provided with an inclined recess, a, in which a cutting tool or plow, B, of any required width is guided and locked in any approved manner, preferably by the means shown in Letters Patent No. 269,968, dated January 2, 1883. Along the lower part of the stock is arranged a fixed blade, C, while a second movable blade, C’, is arranged sidewise of and parallel to the fixed blade C, as will be shown hereinafter. Each of these blades C and C’ contains a laterally-inclined perforation that extends from the upper to the lower part of each blade, so that the lower end of the perforation opens partly at the outer side and partly at the bottom of its respective blade, as shown in Figs. 1 and 8. The advance cutters g and g’ are attached into said perforations by means of set-screws it It in such a manner that the cutting-edge of each cutter projects slightly at the side and lower edge ofthe blades C and C’, thereby providing a better clearance in the work for the plow. The stock A is provided at its front and rear part with openings and sockets A A’, that project at both sides of the same, for the purpose of receiving the guide-rods D and D’, which are made of one continuous piece and of the same thickness throughout, and secured in said sockets by means of set-screws d d’. Larger and smaller guide-rods D D are furnished with each plane, so as to adjust the movable blade C’ at one side and a fence, E, at the other side of the stock, to a greater or smaller distance from the same. On one side of the stock these guide-rods pass through the sleeves r and r’, which are cast in one piece with the blade C’, and secured by means of set-screws s s’. The sleeves and the blade C’ can be adjusted to various distances from the blade C, according to the width of the plow B. At the opposite sides of the stock A the guide-rods D D’ pass through sleeves t t’‘, which are attached to the gage or fence E. The sleeves t t’ are provided with set-screws u u’, for the purpose of laterally adjusting the gage E as the nature of the work may require. A horizontal slot, a2, is cut in the front part of the stock A, for the purpose of receiving the rim of the screw-nut F, which engages the threaded shank F’ of a stop-gage, F2, so as to raise or lower the same on turning the serew-nut F in one or the opposite direction. The shank F’ is guided in suitable holes arranged in the flanged stock A. The stop-gage F2 can thus be adjusted by means of its screw-shank and nut to any desired depth. The blade C’ is also furnished with a stop-gage, f, that is guided in a socket and secured by means of a setscrew, f’. The gage or fence E is provided with a, recess, i, for the stop-gage F2, so as not to interfere with the same, even when the gage E is placed close to the blade C of the stock A.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

1. In a bench-plane, the combination of the fixed and adjustable blades C C’, each having a laterally-inclined perforation, with advance cutters g g’ and clamp-screws h h’, the advance cutters projecting at their lower ends slightly beyond the outer side plane of the blades C C’, substantially as set forth.

2. In a bench-plane, the combination of the stock A, having a horizontal slot, a2, at its front part, a stop-gage, F2 the threaded shank of which is guided holes of the stock, and a screw-nut, F, the rim of which is engaged by the slot a2, so that the screw-nut F raises or lowers the stop-gage on being turned in one or the opposite direction, substantially as described.

3. In a bench-plane, the combination of the stock A., having a horizontal slot at its front part, a stop-gage, F2, the threaded shank of
which is guided in holes of the stock, an adjusting screw-nut, F, the rim of which is engaged by the slot a2, and a gage or fence, E, having a side recess, i, for the stop-gage F2 substantially as set forth.

In testimony I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JACOB SIEGLEY.

Witnesses:
CARL KARP,
SIDNEY MANN.

No. 446,194 – Bench Plane (Jacob Siegley) (1891)

[paiddownloads id=”64″]446194

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JACOB SIEGLEY, OF WILKES-BARRE, PENNSYLVANIA.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATON forming part of Letters Patent No. 446,194, dated February 10, 1891.
Application filed May 23, 1890. Serial No. 352,944. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JACOB SIEGLEY, of Wilkes-Barre, in the county of Luzerne and State of Pennsylvania, a citizen of the United States, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specidcation.

This invention relates to certain improvements in the bench-plane for which Letters Patent No. 294,919 were granted to me heretofore under date of March 11, 1884, said improvements being designed with a view to simplify the adjustment and the clamping of the cutting tool or bit to the stock and to perrmit the quick and convenient adjustment of the bit.

The invention consists of a bench-plane in which the cutting tool or bit is rigidly fastened to the stock by a clamping-block having transverse steel edges that are pressed against the bit by a thumb-screw acting on the top of the block. The steel block is provided with a longitudinal top groove and guided by said groove on a fixed steel plate attached to the stock, so as to permit the adjustment of the clamping-block by a threaded shank turning in recesses of the stock and by a nut located in an opening of the stock, as will be more fully described hereinafter, and finally pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a side elevation of my improved bench-plane. Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section on the line 1 1, Fig. 1; and Figs. 3 and 4 are respectively a side elevation and a top view of the steel block for clamping the bit of the plane, said block and its adjusting screw-nut being drawn as detached from the stock.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the stock of my improved bench-plane, which stock is made of cast-iron or other suitable metal, and provided with a handle of the usual form at the rear end. The middle part of the stock is provided with an inclined recess a, in which the cutting tool or bit B is guided and locked in position by means of a steel block C, which is provided in its bottom facing the bit with transverse hardened-steel edges d d, that are pressed firmly against the bit by a wing-screw D, and hold it thereby securely in its place in the stock A. The top of the steel block C is provided with a longitndinal slot e, which is engaged by a steel plate e’, that is attached to the recessed side of the stock A by means of fastening-screws e2. The steel plate e’ serves for holding the steel block in position and guiding it in its up-and-down motion when it is adjusted with the bit. After the bit is adjusted the wing-screw D, which passes through the stock at right angles to the clamping-block C, is tightly applied to the block so as to clamp the same and the bit B firmly to the stock.

The steel block C is provided with a threaded shank f, which is located in recesses f’ of the stock and engaged by a screw-nut f2, having a milled rim, said screw-nut extending transversely through an opening f3 of the stock A and being retained in position therein by the adjacent portions of the stock. On turning the screw-nut f2 in one or the opposite direction the steel block C is moved up or down and carries the bit along so as to adjust the same in proper position in the stock. After the adjustment is made the wing-screw D is tightly applied to the steel block e’, so that the same clamps the bit firmly and securely in position.

My improved fastening and adjusting device for the bit permits the quick adjustment and reliable clamping of the same without necessitating the slotting or recessing of the bit for applying the adjusting device.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

1. The combination, with the stock, of a bench-plane, said stock having an inclined recess, a cutting tool or bit in said recess, a clamping-block having hardened edges bearing on said bit, and means for adjusting said steel block and bit, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with a stock having an inclined recess, of a cutting tool or bit seated in said recess, a clamping-block having hardened edges bearing on said bit, a wing-screw pressing on the top of the block for clamping it to the bit, and means for adjusting said block and bit, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, with a stock having an inclined recess, of a cutting tool or bit seated in said recess, a clamping-block having hardened edges at the bottom and a longitudinal guide-groove in its top, a steel plate attached to the stock and extending into said top groove, a wing-screw pressing in the top of the block for clamping the same to the bit, and means for adjusting the steel block and bit, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination, with a stock; having an inclined recess, of a cutting tool or bit seated in said recess, a clamping-block having transverse hardened edges at its bottom and a longitudinal groove in its top part, a fixed guide-plate extending into said groove, a threaded shank attached to the clamping-block and set into recesses of the stock, and an adjusting screw-nut engaging said shank and located in an opening of the stock, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JACOB SIEGLEY.

Witnesses:
HENRY JACKSON,
C. W. KULP.