Tag: Rabbeting Planes

No. 1,325,101 – Carriage-Maker’s Plane (Thomas A. Masters) (1919)

[paiddownloads id=”723″]1325101

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

THOMAS A. MASTERS, OF BINGHAM CANYON, UTAH.

CARRIAGE-MAKER’S PLANE.

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1,325,101. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Dec. 16, 1919.
Application filed April 3, 1919. Serial No. 287,291.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS A. MASTERS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Bingham Canyon, in the county of Salt Lake and State of Utah, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carriage-Makers’ Planes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to planes, and has particular reference to improvements in a carriage maker’s rabbet plane.

An important object of the invention is to provide means for preventing the shavings from sticking within the mouth of the plane, and clogging the same, such means being adapted to either raise the shavings and facilitate their discharge from the machine or cut or break the shavings thereby rendering them easy to discharge.

A further object of the invention is to provide a device of the above-mentioned character, which is simple in construction, cheap to manufacture and convenient to use.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent during the course of the following description.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification and in which like numerals are employed to designate like parts throughout the same;

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane having my device applied thereto;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the clamping plate, having my attachment applied thereto;

Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view, taken on line 3–3 of Fig. 2; and Fig. a is a perspective view of the attachment embodying my invention, parts being separated.

In the drawings, wherein for the purpose of illustration is shown a preferred embodiment of my invention, the numeral 5 designates the stock or body portion of a carriage maker’s rabbet plane, having the usual handle 6, secured to the rear end thereof, and knob 7 to the forward end. The stock 5 includes upstanding sides or flanges 7. Formed through the stock 5 is a transverse mouth 8, extending through the lower edge of the stock and through the opposite sides thereof. The numeral 9 designates the cutter blade of the plane, which extends for substantially the entire width of the stock 5 and mouth 8, thereby causing the shavings to stick within the mouth clogging the plane. The numeral 10 designates the usual clamping or adjusting plate carried by the stock 7 for locking the blade 9 in adjustment at the desired position.

My attachment comprises a blade 11, arranged upon edge and contacting with the plate 10. The blade 11 extends longitudinally of the plate 10 and has its lower end tapered, the same being provided with a rounded cutting edge 12. The lower end of the plate 10 projects into the mouth 8 and is positioned near the cutting edge 13 of the blade 9. The blade 11 is held in place by means of a bolt 14, having a longitudinal slot 15 receiving the blade 11. At its inner end the bolt 14 has a transverse head 16, held within a recess 17 formed upon the lower side of the plate 10. The upper end of the bolt 14 is screw threaded to receive a winged nut 18, contacting with a washer 19 arranged to engage the blade 11. By this means the blade 11 may be securely locked in place in clamping engagement with the plate 10.

The plane is used in the ordinary manner, and the shavings pass into the mouth 8, contact with the blade 11, and may be raised, thereby facilitating their discharge from the plane. The shavings which are not thus raised are split or broken up by the blade 11, whereby they freely discharge from the plane.

It is to be understood that the form of my invention herewith shown and described is to be taken as the preferred example of the same, and that various changes in the shape, size, and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of my invention or the scope of the subjoined claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim :–

1. The combination with a bench plane, of a thin blade arranged transversely to and intermediate the width of the plane-bit and having its forward end sloping upwardly and rearwardly from the plane of said bit to raise or deflect the chips, and means for detachably mounting said blade.

2. The combination with a bench plane-bit, a thin blade arranged transversely and intermediate the width of the plane-bit, and having its forward edge sharpened to split the chip, and means for detachably mounting said blade.

3. The combination with the bench plane bit, of a thin blade arranged traversely of and intermediate the width of said bit, and having its forward edge sloped upwardly and rearwardly from the front of said bit, and sharpened to raise or deflect and split the chip and means for detachably securing the blade to the said bit.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two wltnesses.

THOMAS A. MASTERS.

Witnesses:
J. L. HUCHEL, D. D. S.,
JESS. ZABRISPIE.

No. 1,239,197 – Combination Carpenter’s Plane (Harry W. Luskey And Lawrence C. Payne) (1917)

[paiddownloads id=”718″]1239197

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

HARRY W. LUSKEY AND LAWRENCE C. PAYNE, OF PENSACOLA, FLORIDA.

COMBINATION CARPENTER’S PLANE.

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1,239,197. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Sept. 4, 1917.
Application filed May 18, 1916. Serial No. 98,401.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, HARRY W. LUSKEY and LAWRENCE C. PAYNE, citizens of the United States, and residents of Pensacola, in the county of Escambia and State of Florida, respectively, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combination Carpenters’ Planes, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to new and useful improvements in wood-working tools and has particular reference to an improved type of bench-plane.

The primary object of our invention is to provide a plane of the class described having a combination of elements associated therewith whereby to adapt the plane for various uses other than those to which the usual benchplane is limited.

Another object of our invention is to provide a plane formed in a plurality of sections, said sections having associated therewith extension and adjustment members for permitting the adaptation of the plane to use as an ordinary plane or to permit the use of the device as a circular plane or the like.

A further object of our invention is to provide a plane of the class described, having a removable cutting element, reversible extensions, and means for retaining said entensions in their various positions.

A still further object of our invention is to provide an improved plane of the class described, having an improved type of gage for use in connection with the plane.

A still further object of our invention is to provide a plane of the class described which is simple in construction, strong and durable, cheap to manufacture and effective in operation.

Other objects and advantages to be derived from the use of our improved plane will appear from the following detail description and the claims, taken with an inspection of the accompanying drawings, in which :

Figure 1 is a side elevational view of a plane embodying the improvements of our invention;

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the same;

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view taken on the line 3–3 of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrow;

Fig. 4 is a transverse vertical sectional view taken on the line 4–4 of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrow;

Fig. 5 is a similar view taken on the line 5–5 of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrow;
Fig. 6 is a reduced perspective view of our improved plane showing the same in use; and

Fig. 7 is an enlarged perspective view of the cutting element removed and in use as a chisel.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, wherein similar characters of reference designate like and corresponding parts throughout the various views, 1 designates the main body of our improved plane, said body being provided with an inclined front wall 2 having a plate 3 rigidly associated therewith. The cutting member of the plane is shown and is composed of a blade 4 having a shank 5 extending therefrom, said shank 5 lying on the inclined wall 2 beneath the plate 3. A set screw 6 is provided for adjustably maintaining the blade 4 in desired position. its best shown in Fig. 5 the body is provided with a manipulating handle 7 carried on a laterally extending arm 8 provided with a downturned portion 9 secured to the body 1 by means of screws 10 or the like. A rear extension member R is provided, the same having a right-angle wall portion 19, the main portion or sole 11 being provided with dove-tailed flanges 13 engageable with complemental recesses formed on the top portion of the body 1. The strengthening web 14 is cast integral with the main portion and the wall 12. The outer face of the wall 12 is provided with dove-tailed flanges 15 for engagement, at times, with complementally formed recesses on the marginal end edges of the body 1. This is best shown in Fig. 2, one corner of the member 11 being broken away to illustrate one of the dove-tailed recesses which is designated 16. Of course, a slot or recess 17 is provided in the body 1 to accommodate the strengthening web 14.

The one side portion of the body 1 is provided with a recess 19 at the base of which is hingedly mounted an angle-gage 20. The angle-gage is mounted on trunnions 21 and 29. extending from the free end thereof and arranged in complemental openings in the body. A set screw 23 serves to maintain the gage 20 in the angle to which the same has been set, said screw engaging the trunnion 22 as best shown in Fig. 1. A recess 24 is provided in the body 1 adjacent the upper marginal edge of the gage 20 for facilitating engagement of the user’s finger with said gage to remove the same from the recess. A set screw 25 serves to prevent accidental dislodgment of the member 11.

We provide a front section for the plane, said section including a body 28 having a diagonal rear wall 29 having dove-tailed flanges 30 along the marginal edges thereof. The flanges 30 serve to form a sliding engagement with complementally arranged recesses 31 formed along the marginal edges of a plate 32, said plate being in turn engaged with the plate 3 hereinbefore referred to, said plate 32 and plate 3 being detachably engaged, the dove-tailed engagement being indicated at 33. The body 28 is provided with a tapering opening 34, said opening being adapted to aline with registering openings 35 formed in the plates 3 and 32.

A front extension member is provided and is formed with a main body portion or sole 37 and a right-angle wall portion 38, said portions being strengthened by a web 39, the marginal edges of the portion 37 being formed with dove-tailed flanges 40 for engagement with complementally arranged dove-tailed recesses 40’ formed on the body 28. The outer face of the wall 38 is provided with flanges 41 for engagement with recesses 42 formed in the end portion of the body 28, said engagement being best shown in Fig. 6. A suitable recess 43 is provided in the body 38 for accommodating the web 39.

A knob or handle 44 is provided, carried on a bracket 45, having a downturned portion 46 secured to the side of the body 28 by means of screws 47 or the like. A set screw 48 carried in the downturned portion 46 of the bracket 45 serves to engage the member 37 to prevent dislodgment of the same. The base of the body 28 is provided with marginally arranged dove-tailed recesses 49, a plate 50 being receivable on the bottom of said body and being formed with dove-tailed flanges 51 for engagement with said recesses. The flanges 51 are also engageable, at times, with the recesses 42 formed on the end of said body for a purpose which will hereinafter appear.

We provide a gage for use in connection with the plane, said gage including a rod 53 adapted for threaded engagement with an opening 54 provided in the body 1 of the plane, said rod extending laterally therefrom. A slidable gage member 54’ is carried on the rod, said gage member being provided with a flange 55 for engagement with the marginal edge of the work, a set screw 56 being provided for engagement with the rod 53, whereby to lock the gage member at a desired point on said rod.

It will thus be seen that in our improved plane we have provided a device, which owing to the detachable association of the parts provided, is capable of use in connection with various classes of work. The plane may be used as an ordinary plane, and when used in this capacity the parts are associated as shown in Fig. 1. Should it be desired to use the plane as a nose plane the front portion 28 is removed, the plate 32 being permitted to remain in position on the portion 1. This permits the plane to reach otherwise inaccessible points owing to the absence of any extension interfering with the blade 4. Should it be desired to lengthen the plane the extensions 11 and 37 may be applied to the sections 1 and 28, respectiveiy, as shown in Fig. 6. A set screw 58 is provided on the wall 12 of the section 11, said set screw engaging the end of the body 1 and maintaining the extension 11 against vertical movement when applied as shown in Fig. 6. A similar set screw 59 is provided in the wall 38 of the extension 37 for a purpose similar to that of the screw 58.

The function of the gage 54 will be best apparent in using the device as a nose plane as hereinbefore set forth, said gage serving to engage the marginal edge of the work for guiding the plane.

The plane is also adapted for use on curved surfaces, either convex or concave. When using the plane on a convex surface, all of the parts are shown in Fig. 1, with the exception of the extension 37 and the plate 50. The extension 37 is removed entirely and the plate 50 substituted therefor, the lower end of the plate 50 extending below the under surface of the plane body to guide the same when moving over a convex surface.

In using the device for concave work all of the parts are maintained as shown in Fig. 1 with the exception of the relative positions of the bodies 1 and 28, in this instance the body 28 being moved upwardly relative to the body 1 so as to expose the knife blade A for engagement with the concave surface over which the plane is operating.

Referring to Fig. 7 the peculiar construction of the blade at permits of ready removal from the plane, the shank 5 being adapted to engage a suitable handle 60 adapting the blade to use as a chisel. Thus it will be seen that we have provided a plane which is applicable for use in connection with various classes of work, the novel arrangement of the elements permitting a wide range of adjustment. A spirit level 61 is provided in one wall of the body 1 for an obvious purpose.

The plane is also adapted for use on laterally beveled surfaces, the angle-gage 20 being adapted to be set at various angles relative to the plane body for this purpose.

It is thought that the detail construction and arrangement of the parts of our improved plane will be apparent from the foregoing description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, the simplicity and durability of said structure being one of its greatest advantages over the prior devices of this character. It is, of course, to be understood that the various parts of the device may be cast, suitable milling being employed to cause the dove-tailed grooves and the like to snugly engage.

While we have described our invention and shown the same as embodying a specific structure, it is of course, to be understood that we do not limit ourselves to this structure, but reserve the right to make such changes in the same as do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed.

Having thus fully described our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is :–

1. in a bench plane including a body portion, the forward and rearward ends of the body being provided with dove-tailed flanges, extension members having complementally formed recesses therein to receive said flanges, the extensions being vertically adjustable relative to the body, and the extensions being adapted to be housed upon the body when detached from the ends.

2. In a bench plane including a body portion, the forward and rearward portions of the body being provided with longitudinally extending slots, extension members detachably associated with the forward and rearward portions of the body, webs formed on each extension member adapted to be received in said slots when the extensions are detached from the forward and rearward portions of the body.

3. In a bench plane including a body portion, the forward and rearward portions of the plane being provided with a longitudinally extending slot, an extension member adapted to be detachably associated with the forward and rearward end portions of the plane, a web formed on said extension ment ber, the sole of the extension member being adapted to be retained in alinement with the sole of the plane when used as extensions, the webs adapted to be received in said slots when the extensions are detached from the ends of the plane, the under surface of the extension soles being adapted to engage the upper surface of the plane.

In testimony whereof, we affix our signatures hereto.

HARRY W. LUSKEY.
LAWRENCE C. PAYNE.

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Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
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No. 1,201,433 – Plane (Christian Bodmer) (1916)

[paiddownloads id=”714″]1201433

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHRISTIAN BODIVIER, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE
AND LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

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1,201,433. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Oct. 17, 1916.
Application filed June 2, 1916. Serial No. 101,233.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHRISTIAN BODMER, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at New Britain, Connecticut, have invented a new and useful Plane, of which the following is a specification.

My present invention relates to planes and has for its general objects to provide a practical and inexpensive form of plane which can be used for a number of purposes and which will therefore take the place of a plurality of planes usually employed for such special purposes.

Other objects are to increase the solidity and strength of the same and to make it easily regulatable or adjustable to meet the different conditions.

In the accomplishment of the foregoing and other objects I construct a plane in two parts and mount the cutter blade on the forward end of the rearward section so that when the front part or section is removed the cutter will be left exposed and therefore adapt the rearward section for working in corners, etc. The two sections are rigidly united but so as to permit quick separation of the parts.

A special feature of the invention is the provision of a handle arch on one of the members having a seat or platform with which the other member is engaged, said arch being of reduced width at a point above the cutter seat to accommodate the shank of a cutter and a shank and a cap which has bearing against the under side of the arch.

Other features and details of construction will appear as the specification proceeds.

In the accompanying drawing I have illustrated my invention embodied in a concrete and practical form but it will be understood that changes and modifications may be made without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention.

In this drawing: Figure 1 is a perspective view of a plane constructed in accordance with and embodying the invention. Fig. 2 is a broken plan view of the same. Fig. 3 is a broken side view of the rear or main body section of the plane.

Referring to the drawing more in detail: 7 designates the rearward main body portion of the plane and 8 designates the forward member or section of the plane, said sections being shown as having plain under surfaces 9 alining to form the bottom of the plane and plain side faces 10 disposed at right angles to the bottom. The two body members are rigidly secured together in a manner to permit of their ready separation by providing a rearward section having a platform 11 on its opposite end to receive a rearwardly projecting lug or supporting portion 12 on the forward section, relative lateral movement of the two members being avoided by providing the forward section with shoulders 13 at the opposite ends of the supporting lug arranged to bear against shoulders 14 at the opposite ends of the platform on the rear member, a single screw 15 sufficing with this construction to rigidly and positively secure the two parts together.

The rearward section is made preferably with an arch 16 extending rearwardly and downwardly from the platform to constitute a handle and guard for parts housed therein and this arch is preferably reduced in width at 17 at a point below the platform to provide clearance for the cutter and the cutter holding cap.

The cutter is designated 18, the same being shown in the form of a blade supported on an inclined seat 19 on the forward end of the rearward plane section, the cutting edge of said cutter extending down through a slot 20 provided between the adjoining ends of the front and rear sections. This slot usually extends through from one side to the opposite side of the plane and the cutting edge of the blade is preferably the full width of the plane. At a point in rear of the cutting edge the blade is narrowed or reduced in width as indicated at 21 so as to be received at the side of the reduced portion 17 of the arch.

22 designates the cap for holding the cutter blade in place, this cap being preferably, like the cutter, of substantially the full width at its forward end and reduced in width as indicated at 23 to form the rearward extending shank mounted on the side of the reduced portion of the arch, said cap being herein shown as a fulcrum 24 against the under side of the arch and carrying a clamping screw 25 at its rearward end bearing on the rearward portion of the blade shank.

A throat for the cuttings is provided by forming the rearward wall of the forward plane section with an upward and rearward flare or incline and the front end of the rearward section and the top of the cap with rearward flares or inclines 26 and 27 respectively.

Means for adjusting the blade are provided in the illustration and formed with a lever 28 pivoted at 29 on a post 30 mounted in the rear of the cutter seat and engaging the toothed under surface 31 of the cutter blade shank. The use of the plane is facilitated by providing a finger or thumb hold 32 on the forward plane section and this section usually also is provided with a suitable depth gage 33 and spurs 34. The rearward plane section usually mounts a fence 35 carried by an outstanding post 36 which can be attached to either side face of the plane. These several devices enable the tool being used as fillister plane and for various rabbeting purposes and the removal of the depth gage and fence permits of the tool being turned and operated at both sides for working in a corner, a “full width” blade in such cases permitting the tool to work down into the extreme corner.

The front plane section is readily removable and when removed leaves the cutter blade exposed on the front end of the rear section in which case said plane section may be used in the manner of a chisel to work in corners, etc. The general structure of the tool is such that the parts are all rigid and well braced when in use and in addition the structure is relatively simple and inexpensive to manufacture.

What I claim is:

In a plane, a rear body section having a cutter seat at its forward end, a platform above said cutter seat and a handle arch extending rearwardly from said platform to the rear end of the body section, a cutter mounted on the cutter seat, cutter adjusting means on said rear body section within said handle arch and protected thereby, a front body section having a rearwardly extending supporting lug bearing on the platform on the rear body section and a securing screw extending through said supporting lug into engagement with the platform.

CHRISTIAN BODMER.

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Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
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No. 1,182,719 – Rabbet-Plane (John F. Thunell) (1916)

[paiddownloads id=”712″]1182719

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN F. THUNELL, OF SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH.

RABBET-PLANE.

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1,182,719. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented May. 9, 1916.
Application filed November 2, 1915. Serial No. 59,178.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN F. THUNELL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Salt Lake City, in the county of Salt Lake and State of Utah, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rabbet-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to hand planes, and pertains especially to planes for cutting curved or circular rabbets of various forms and curvature, and having adjustable runners.

The object of the invention is to provide novel and peculiar means for adjusting a pair of plane runners equally and without variation between the runners in perfecting their uniform adjustment.

A further object of the invention is to provide mechanism connecting the free end of the runners of a rabbet plane and fulcrumed within the plane body whereby the runners may be given uniform adjustment, and to furnish novel and peculiar means for operating said mechanism to give the runners such uniform curvature as desired or as occasion may demand, without separate adjustment of the runners.

Various other objects, advantages and improved results are attainable in the practical application of the invention as hereinafter fully described.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of this application :– Figure 1 is a top view of a rabbet plane embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on the plane indicated by the dotted line A–A Fig. 1, with the bit adjusting device removed. Fig. 3 is a detail plan view of the runner operating levers and follower block. Fig. 4 is a detail perspective view of the screw-locking device. Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional view taken on the dotted line B–B Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a similar view taken on the dotted line C–C Fig. 2.

The same reference characters denote the same parts throughout the several views of the drawings.

The means operated by the screw 1, for adjusting the bit 2, is covered by my application Ser. No. 872,608, allowed July 12, 1915, and therefore the same is not claimed in this application, and while the runners of this application are the same as those shown in said allowed application, the mechanism for operating the flexible runners 3, and the device for locking said mechanism to fix the runners in various positions constitute the subject of this application.

The runner operating mechanism comprises a pair of duplicate levers 4, pivotally connected at 5 with the movable end of the runners 3, by a forked hanger 6, pivoted at 7, to the outer end of the levers 4 where they are united in pairs. The levers 4 are branched laterally in pairs from their outer end and extend through the inclined throat wall 3 and adjacent to the side walls 9 of the throat. The pair of levers for one runner are pivoted to the pair of levers for the other runner by pivot pins 10, and the levers of one pair are pivoted at 11, to the throat walls 9, while the levers of the other pair are fulcrumed to and between the walls 9 and a vertical wall 12. One pair of the levers are operated through slots 13, in the wall 8, and the other pair of levers are operated through slots 14, in the wall 12. The device for operating the levers comprises a follower block 15 having a screw threaded aperture 16, for a screw 17, and a pair of arms 13 fulcrumed to the lever 4 by means of the lever pins 10. The screw 17 is anchored by means of a bracket 19 secured to and projecting inwardly from the wall 12, and said screw projects through a top wall 20 of the plane and is provided with a milled head for turning the screw in the anchor bracket, whereby the follower block 15 is moved vertically, and by such movement operates the levers 4 which carry the runners 3 to various curved positions as desired or as occasion may demand. The device for locking the screw and thereby fixing the levers and the runners in desired position for operating the plane, comprises a plate 21 slidably contained within the wall 20, and having an aperture 22 for the screw 17, and a screw stem 23 provided with a thumb nut 24 working against the outer face of the wall 20 for sliding the plate into and out of engagement with the screw. Obviously when the screw is locked the levers 4 and the runners are fixed in position for operating the plane.

It will be seen that the movement of the levers and runners is not only accomplished by operating the screw 17, but the screw and its locking device controls the levers and the runners so that the set position of the runners may be maintained during a planing operation. It will be further observed that the runner adjusting mechanism affords means for giving the runners minute curvatures, and that such curvature must be the same in both runners, under one and the same movement of the screw.

I do not wish to limit myself to any particular number of levers for operating the runners, to the size, material or shape of any of the parts of my invention, nor to the particular location of the pivot and fulcrum points of the runner operating levers, but reserve the right to make such changes and variations in the practical application of the invention as may come within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:–

1. In a plane, a pair of flexible runners having one end secured opposite the bit slot of the plane, a pair of fulcrumed levers pivotally connected with each runner, the levers of one runner being pivoted to the levers of the other runner, a vertically movable screw block having arms pivoted on the pivot of said levers, a vertical screw extending through the block for operating the levers, an anchor bracket attached to the outer side of the stock and holding the lower end of the screw, and a plate slidable at right angles to the screw for locking the screw.

2. The combination with flexible plane runners, runner levers pivoted together and to the walls of the plane stock, a follower screw block movable vertically between the levers of one pair and having arms pivoted to the connecting pivot of said levers, a vertically anchored screw working through the block for operating the levers, and a plate contained within the top of the stock and slidable in the path of movement of the screw for locking the screw.

3. In a device for operating flexible plane runners, two pairs of pivoted runner levers, pivots connecting the inner end of the levers, a follow screw block between the levers of one pair and having a pairof arms pivoted on said pivots, a vertically anchored screw working through the block for operating the levers, and a locking plate having a screw stem for sliding the plate into the path of movement of the screw.

In witness whereof I hereunto set my hand in the presence of two witnesses.

JOHN F. THUNELL.

Witnesses:
ISAAC P. THUNELL,
NEPHIN GLEDHILL.

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Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
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No. 1,104,454 – Plane (William E. Sparks) (1914)

[paiddownloads id=”699″]1104454

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLIAM E. SPARKS, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO SARGENT &
COMPANY, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

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1,104,454. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Jul. 21, 1914.
Application filed July 11, 1913. Serial No. 778,591.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM E. SPARKS, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and enact description.

This invention relates to planes, and more particularly to reversible rabbet planes.

The plane selected for illustration is of the type known as a show-case plane, it being adapted to cut the rabbets of showcases by movement in either direction.

The primary object of the invention is to provide a simple, efficient form of reversible rabbet plane in which reversal may be effected without adjustment of the cutting mechanism. To this end, the plane is provided with two cutters having a novel relation to each other and to the body or stock and clamped on the stock in a novel manner.

The invention also aims to improve certain general and detail features of construction in planes of the class to which my invention relates.

To these and other ends, the invention consists in the novel features and combinations of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane embodying my improvements, Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the same, Fig. 3 is a front end view, Fig. 4 is a section on line 4–4 of Fig. 2, Fig. 4a is a section on line 4a–4a of Fig. 2, Fig. 5 is a fragmentary plan view of the stock body with the cutters and clamp omitted, Fig. 6 is a bottom plan view of Fig. 5, and Fig. 7 shows the clamp in plan and in rear elevation.

Referring to the drawing, the stock or body 10 is formed of a flat metal plate having a knob or handle 11 projecting upward from the rear end. In advance of the knob 11 the body is provided with a raised portion or enlargement 12 having intersecting grooves 13, 14. The groove 13 is deeper than the groove 14 and said grooves lead completely to the forward edge of the stock at the corners thereof, as shown at 13a and 14a respectively in Fig. 5. Secured to the forward edge of the stock or body at the median portion thereof is a transverse nose piece 15 having an extension 16 opposing the open end 13a of the groove 13 and forming in connection therewith a throat 17 into which projects the forward cutting end of a cutter 18 located in the groove 13. At the opposite end of the nose piece 15 the same is provided with an extension 19 forming in connection with the forward extremity 14a of the groove 14, a throat 20 directed transversely of the plane in line with the throat 17 but at the opposite side of the plane, which throat 20 receives the cutting edge of a cutter 21. This cutter 21 is located in the groove 14 and its rear portion passes over and across the rear portion of the cutter 18. Both cutters 18 and 21 fit snugly in the corresponding grooves 13 and 14, and while the axes of the cutters are directed at an angle to a line extending transversely of the plane, the forward cutting edges of said cutters are substantially parallel to such a line as shown in Fig. 2.

Both cutters are clamped in position in the stock by the same clamping means. In the form shown, I employ a clamp 21a secured to the stock or bed plate 10 by a clamping screw 22. By preference, the screw 22 engages a threaded socket 23 tapped in the stock or bed plate at a point slightly in front of the intersection of the grooves 13, 14. The clamp 21a is formed of a metal plate extending transversely of the plane and having downturned extremities 24. One of these extremities 24 is adapted to rest upon the cutter 18 at a point slightly in the rear of the cutting edge, and the other downturned extremity 24 of the clamp is adapted to engage the cutter 21 in a similar location so that as the clamp screw 22 is screwed into its socket 23, the clamp will be forcibly brought down on both cutters so as to hold them securely in position.

In using the plane, the cutter 18 will be employed for cutting when the plane is moved in one direction, and when it is desired to reverse the plane and move it in the opposite direction, it is simply necessary to turn it around and use the cutter 21. Hence no adjustment of the cutters is necessary in reversing the plane.

In planing in corners or similar locations, the nose piece 15 may be entirely removed if desired, and this may be effected by removing a single screw 25 which passes through said nose piece into the forward edge of the bed plate. This single screw will hold the nose piece securely on the end of the bed plate in connection with a tongue and groove joint 26 formed at the meeting surfaces of the nose piece and bed plate, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4.

Without limiting myself to the construction shown, I claim:

1. In a plane, a bed plate or stock having transversely arranged throats at the opposite forward corners thereof, there being grooves in said bed plate extending rearwardly from said throats and intersecting each other, cutters adapted to fit said grooves, clamping means for said cutters located in front of the intersection of said grooves; and a knob fixed on said bed plate at the rear of such intersection; substantially as described.

2. In a plane, a bed plate having intersecting grooves, one of said grooves being deeper than the other at the point where said grooves intersect, cutters located in said grooves and overlapping each other, and a single means for clamping both cutters in said grooves; substantially as described.

3. In a plane, a bed plate having cutter-receiving grooves extending to one edge thereof, and a detachable nose piece applied to said edge of the bed plate and forming in connection with the ends of said grooves, throats for the cutting ends of the cutters; substantially as described.

4. In a plane, the combination of a bed plate or stock having transversely arranged throats at the opposite forward corners thereof, there being grooves in said bed plate extending rearwardly from said throats, cutters fitting said grooves, a single clamp to secure both of said cutters in the respective grooves at the same time, and a knob fixed to the bed plate at the rear of the cutters; substantially as described.

5. In a plane, the combination of a bed plate or stock, having intersecting cutter-receiving grooves terminating at the forward corners thereof, one of said grooves being deeper than the other at the point of intersection, cutters fitting the respective grooves, a single clamp for securing the cutters in the respective grooves, in overlapping relation, and a single detachable nose piece cooperating with the forward ends of both grooves to form throats for the cutters; substantially as described.

6. In a plane, a bed plate having cutter-receiving grooves on the upper surface thereof extending to one edge of the bed plate, a nose piece detachably secured to said edge of the bed plate between said grooves, and extensions on said nose piece located in front of the groove ends; substantially as described.

7. In a plane, the combination of a substantially flat bed plate, cutters projecting beyond the front edge of said bed plate at different points, means to secure said cutters on said bed plate, and a nose piece detachably secured to the front edge of the bed plate between said cutters and forming, in conjunction with the bed plate, throats for both cutters; substantially as described.

8. In a plane, the combination of a stock, crossed overlapping cutters having their cutting edges arranged at the respective forward corners of the stock, a single clamp for clamping both cutters on the stock at the same time, and a knob hired to the rear portion of the stock; substantially as described.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand on the 9th day of July 1913.

WILLIAM E. SPARKS.

Witnesses:
JOHN H. SHAW,
BERTHA RAY.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,100,770 – Rabbet-Plane (Albert A. Page) (1914)

[paiddownloads id=”697″]1100770

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ALBERT A. PAGE, OF EAST HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO SARGENT & COMPANY,
OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

RABBET-PLANE.

_________________

1,100,770. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented June 23, 1914.
Application filed February 9, 1912. Serial No. 676,661.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT A. PAGE, a citizen of the United States, and resident of the town of East Haven, county of New Haven, and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rabbet-Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to rabbet planes, and the primary object of the invention is to provide a plane having an improved form of guiding extension cooperating with the main part of the stock to form a throat for the bit and adjustably and detachably connected in an improved manner with the stock.

By my improvements, the guiding extension may be firmly clamped in the desired adjustment, when used for ordinary planing, with the throat adjusted to a width suitable to the conditions which obtain in any given case, and when planing in a corner or close to a wall, or the like, the extension may be very readily detached and bodily removed so that the tool will be converted into a bull nose plane. The main part of the stock is provided with a suitable grip portion or palm rest which is equally edective when the tool is used as an ordinary plane or as a bull nose plane.

To these and other ends, the invention consists in the novel features and combinations of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, in which I have illustrated a preferred embodiment of the invention, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the plane; Fig. 2 is a similar view, taken from the opposite side, the forward extension on the stock being removed; Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the plane; Fig. 4 is a transverse section on line 4–4 of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a front view of Fig. 2, with the gages removed; Fig. 6 is a front elevation of the body or stock; Fig. 7 is a vertical longitudinal section through the stock showing the lengthwise adjusting screw for the bit in position therein; Fig. 8 is a horizontal longitudinal section through the stock; Fig. 9 is a bottom view of the stock, with the gages in position; Fig. 10 is a detail view of the adjusting screw; Fig. 11 is a bottom plan view of the bit or plane iron; Fig. 12 shows in plan and in side elevation the clamping lever or cap piece for the bit; and Fig. 13 is a detail view of the pin on which the width gage is mounted.

Referring to the drawings, the stock A is shown as provided with a forwardly directed detachable extension B adapted to form in conjunction with the lower forward edge of the stock a throat a’ (Fig. 1), into which projects a bit or plane iron C, secured in the stock by means of a cap piece or clamping lever D. The bit or plane iron C is adjusted longitudinally by means of an adjusting screw E, and at one side of the stock is a vertically adjustable depth gage F, while at the opposite side a horizontally adjustable width gage G is provided. At the top of the stock A, the same is provided with a suitably formed grip portion or palm rest A’ independent of the extension B.

Referring now to the detailed construction of the parts above mentioned, it will be observed that the forward extension B carried by the stock comprises an arm 15, carrying a foot or guide 16, disposed in advance of the bit, and having its smooth lower portion flush with the bottom face of the stock A. The foot or guide 16 is provided at the top with an upwardly directed gripping projection 17, and it is connected with the arm or bar 15 by means of a downwardly curved portion 18. The arm or bar 15 is adjustable longitudinally of the stock in a longitudinal opening 19, extending through the upper part of the latter, as best shown in Fig. 7, the extension B being clamped in the desired longitudinal adjustment by means of a set screw 20, shown in dotted lines in Figs. 1 and 2, screwed into a counter-bored opening 21 at the upper portion of the stock or body A. By loosening this set screw the extension B may be slid lengthwise of the stock in order to vary as desired the width of the throat a’, and in certain cases, as when planing in a corner, the extension B may be altogether removed.

The lower portion of the body A, beneath the guide opening 19 for the extension B, is provided with a longitudinal opening or chamber 22 (Fig. 7) through which extend the bit C and cap piece D. The bit C rests at its laterally enlarged end c on a beveled foot or extension 23 formed integral with and extending forwardly from the lower front portion of the body A, and at its rear portion it is supported on an adjusting block 24 carried by the adjusting screw E. On top of the bit lies the cap piece or clamping lever D, having at its forward end a nose or enlargement 25 bearing on the front end portion of the bit, and having at its rear end a threaded opening for a clamping screw 20. This screw bears at its lower end against the upper face of the bit, near the rear end of the latter, and as said screw is screwed through the cap piece D (bearing meanwhile on the upper face of the bit) the cap piece will be raised into a position wherein its rear portion abuts a bridge 27 at the rear of the stock (Fig. 7), thereby pressing the nose 25 and clamping screw 26 tightly against the respective ends of the bit. In this manner, the bit may be firmly clamped in position without the use of a pivot screw, or the like, for the clamping lever or cap piece.

The adjusting screw E is provided with a threaded shank 28 engaging an interiorly threaded lug 29 extending upward from the bottom of the stock beneath the bit. Hence, by screwing the screw E in one or the other direction, it will be advanced into or retracted from the stock, carrying with it the block 24. This block is provided at its upper portion with a cross-rib 30 adapted to engage any of a number of transverse grooves 31 on the under face of the bit, so that the bit will partake of the adjusting movement of the block. The latter is guided rectilinearly between the side walls 22x of the stock, it being secured to the screw E by means permitting the relative rotation of the screw and block, but preventing independent longitudinal movements thereof. In the embodiment shown, this means comprises a pin 32 extending transversely across the block and engaging a transverse groove 33 in the body portion of the adjusting screw, as shown in Fig. 7.

The width gage G is preferably formed as a casting of appropriate shape having a finished face 34 directed at right angles to the bottom of the stock and likewise equipped with a sleeve 35 and set screw 36, by means of which the gage is adjustable transversely of the stock on a supporting pin 37 projecting laterally from the stock, as shown in Fig. 3. The depth gage F, on the opposite side of the stock, preferably consists of a plate, having a finished foot portion 33 movable vertically alongside the stock, said plate being clamped in the desired vertical position by means of a set screw 39 engaging a vertical slot 40 in the plate, as shown in Fig. 1. The depth gage F is guided in its vertical movement by means of a tang or projection 41 (Fig. 9) extending from the rear or inner face of the foot 38, and engaging a vertical groove 42 in the side of the stock.

The width and depth gages are preferably reversible, and to this end the opening 43 (Figs. 2 and 7) for the set screw 30 extends completely through the stock, and there is a guide groove 42 on each side of the stock, as shown in Fig. 9. The width gage G is made reversible by extending the opening or socket 44 (Fig. 7) for the pin 37 completely through the body of the stock. In this manner, the pin 37 with the width gage mounted thereon may be fixed to the stock at either side, the depth gage being placed on the opposite side.

In doing work which is readily accessible, the extension B is secured to the stock in the desired adjustment, the width of the throat a’ being optional. The extension not only serves as a guide for the stock, but also as a gripping member to increase the facility with which the tool may be handled. With the extension removed, the tool is converted into a very handy bull nose plane. When working in a corner, the extension may be easily removed by loosening the screw 20, and there will then be nothing to prevent the passage of the forward bit edge completely up to the walls defining the corner, as will be understood. The grip portion or palm rest A’ of the stock, being independent of the removable extension, is equally effective when the plane is used as an ordinary plane, or as a bull nose plane.

Of course, it will be obvious that while the foregoing description is a detailed one, in so far as it concerns the particular embodiment of my invention selected for illustration, the invention is susceptible of many other embodiments within the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is :–

l. In a plane, a stock having a longitudinal opening, a bit in said stock and a guiding extension for the plane comprising a guiding foot cooperating with the stock to form a throat for said bit, and also comprising a bar adjustable longitudinally in said opening of the stock; substantially as described.

2. In a plane, a stock having a longitudinal opening extending completely therethrough, a bit carried by the stock, a bar movable longitudinally in said opening of the stock, a set screw to clamp said bar in the desired adjustment, and a guiding foot carried by said bar and forming in connection with the stock a throat for the bit; substantially as described.

3. In a plane, the combination of a stock having a grip portion or palm rest at the upper part thereof, a bit, means mounting said bit in said stock, beneath said palm rest, so that the cutting edge of the bit is located at the forward extremity of the stock, and a detachable guiding extension for said stock, comprising a foot forming in connection with the forward extremity of the stock a throat for the bit, and a carrying element for said foot adjustable forwardly and rearwardly in the upper portion of the stock; substantially as described.

4. In a plane, the combination of a stock having a forwardly and rearwardly directed opening at the upper part thereof, and a second forwardly and rearwardly directed opening beneath said first named opening, a guiding extension adjustably fitted in said first named opening, and a bit adjustably secured in said second opening; substantially as described.

5. In a plane, the combination of a stock having at its upper part a forwardly and rearwardly directed opening, a guiding extension adjustably secured in said opening, a grip portion or palm rest on the stock above said opening, and a bit secured in the stock beneath said opening; substantially as described.

6. In a plane, the combination of a stock having a grip portion or palm rest and a depending foot at the upper or top part thereof, a guiding extension, including a bar adjustable forwardly and rearwardly in said stock beneath said palm rest, and a bit secured in said stock and projecting into a throat between said guiding extension and the forward end of the stock; substantially as described.

7. In a plane, the combination of a stock having a palm rest at the top thereof and provided with a forwardly and rearwardly directed opening beneath said palm rest, said stock being further provided beneath said opening with a second opening, extending through the stock from front to rear, a bit secured in said second opening, and a forwardly directed guiding extension, including a bar adjustable lengthwise in said first opening, cooperating with the forward end of the stock to create a throat for said bit; substantially as described.

8. In a plane, the combination with a stock hollowed out from front to rear to present a bit opening extending completely therethrough, a bit in said opening, a clamping piece resting on said bit within said opening and extending out of said opening at the rear of the stock, and a clamping screw carried by said clamping piece and engaged with the bit to force said clamping piece against the upper edge of said bit opening at the rear of the stock, and thereby clamp the bit in position; substantially as described.

9. In a plane, the combination of a stock having a palm rest at the top, and a longitudinal opening beneath said palm rest, a bit secured in said stock beneath said opening with its cutting edge at the front extremity of the stock, and a guiding extension comprising a foot in advance of the bit, a bar adjustable lengthwise in said opening, and a downwardly directed portion connecting said bar with said foot; substantially as described.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand on the 7th day of February, 1912.

ALBERT A. PAGE.

Witnesses:
CURTIS P. WILLIAMS,
BERTHA RAY.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 978,471 – Rabbeting-Plane (Judd W. Montague) (1910)

[paiddownloads id=”675″]978471

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUDD W. MONTAGUE, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO, ASSIGNOR OF
ONE-HALF TO CHARLES H. NOBLE, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO.

RABBETING-PLANE.

_________________

978,471. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Dec. 13, 1910.
Application filed June 7, 1910. Serial No. 569,035.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUDD W. MONTAGUE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Columbus, in the county of Franklin and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Rabbeting-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates more especially to planes intended for cutting rabbets in straight or curved corners of wood and for beveling or rounding such corners but the invention can be used for planing flat surfaces.

The object of the invention is to provide a tool of this kind that shall be of simple and economical construction and of easy manipulation.

The invention is embodied in the construction and combination of parts herein shown and described and then pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawing Figure 1 is a view of that side of the device containing the chisels or bits and adjusting devices therefor a small portion being broken out to show a detail. Fig. 2 is a side view of the mainframe with the bit receiving frame removed. Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the bit and knife with the devices for holding and adjusting them. Fig. 4 is a view of the left hand end of the tool as shown in Fig. 1, to illustrate the guides.

In the views 10 designates the main frame and 11 the stock or bit carrying frame. These two frames are of arch form and the stock is secured to the side of the main frame by means of suitable screws such as seen at 12 passed through the three holes at 12a, 12a 12a (see Fig. 2) into holes tapped in the stock so that when the two are secured together they appear as in Fig. 1.

The stock or bit carrying frame is equipped with a bit and knife at each end so that the implement can be used for either right hand or left hand work or by forward or rearward operation. As the equipment at each end is symmetrically like that at the other in construction and arrangement a description of one equipment will suffice for both.

Referring more particularly to Fig. 3 which best illustrates the cutting equipment and the adjusting devices therefor, the character 13 designates the chisel or bit and 14 the knife the former having an ordinary slanting edge 13a and the latter a short cutting edge 14a standing at right angles to the forward portion of the slanting edge of the bit so that the two together cooperates at the forward portion of said slanting edge to cut out a corner. The shank portion of the knife is superimposed on that of the bit and is held thereon by a clamping piece or cap 15 placed under lips 16 extending upward and inward from the carrying frame or stock 11 said piece 15 being provided with a set screw 17 pinching the upper side of the knife.

The shank 13b of the bit is provided with a longitudinally extending screw 13c, a laterally extending screw 13d, and a lateral recess providing walls 13e and 13f. The screw 13e is provided with two nuts 18 and 18a and the screw 13d is provided with nuts 19 and 19a and 19b, The nuts 18 and 18a project at their lower portions into a recess 20 in the bit stock and can be turned on the screw against the walls of said recess to lock the bit shank and bit from movement longitudinally on the stock and the lower portion of the nut 19 projects into a groove 21 in the stock to prevent lateral movement of the bit shank. The shank of the knife 14 is provided with a screw 14b having thereon two nuts 22 and 22a that project into the lateral recess of the bit shank and can be turned against the walls 13e and 13f of the recess forming them to prevent longitudinal movement of the knife blade on the bit; and the screw of the knife shank lies between the nuts 19a and 19b and is prevented from movement laterally with reference to the bit by said nuts, when these are turned to lie against said screw. From this construction it will be observed that the bit can be given its proper position on the stock and the knife can be given its proper position on the bit, and further that when the knife is placed in proper position with reference to the bit both together can be adjusted to proper position.

Each end of the bit-carrying frame is provided with a guide to contact with the upper side of the wood to be rabbeted, beveled or rounded, said guide consisting of a vertically arranged headed screw 23 having on it a nut 24 said nut being located between fixed lateral projections or bars 25 and 26 on the side of the bit carrying frame and a nut 27 to pinch the under side of the projection 26 after the screw or guide has been properly adjusted. Each end of the main frame is provided with a guide to contact with the vertical or upright side of the wood to be rabbeted, beveled or rounded, said guide consisting of a horizontally arranged headed screw 28 having on it a nut 29, said nut being located between fixed projections or ears 30 and 31 on the main frame and a nut 32 to pinch the outer ear 31 after the screw or guide has been properly adjusted. The ears or projections 30 and 31 are formed on a block 33 detachable from the foot of the frame, said block being provided with a pin 33a to enter a socket in said foot and a set screw 34 screwed into a suitable hole in the foot. This block 33 and its contained guide can be removed and the plane used for planing fiat or other surfaces.

The arched form of the main frame and the bit carrying frame when combined permit the gripping of the device with the hand at either end according to the direction in which it is desired to push the device. The planing operation can be performed by either pushing or drawing the device and with the tool grasped either in left hand or right hand manner. In other words the manipulation of the plane can be accommodated to the grain of the wood and so as to avoid as far as practical planing against grain. The knife insures a smooth clean surface at the upright or vertical side of the rabbet. With this construction, and particularly because the cutting corner is free from obstructing parts in front of it two rabbets can be made with great facility in circular, oval or other curved pieces such for example as picture frames and other like structures.

What I claim is:

1. In a plane, the combination with a stock, of a bit with means in connection therewith for longitudinally and laterally adjusting the same with reference to the stock, a knife to angularly cooperate with the cutting edge of said bit, and means connected with the bit and knife for operating the knife to adjust the same with reference to the bit, the knife being movable by moving the bit.

2. In a plane, the combination with a guiding and holding stock, of a removable bit and a removable angularly cooperating knife on the bit, means on the bit for operating the knife to adjust the same with reference to the bit, and means for fixing both the bit and knife to the stock with their cutting edges wholly forward of the material of the stock.

3. In a plane, the combination with a stock, a bit and a knife, means for securing the knife to stand at one end of the edge of the bit and at an angle to the edge of the bit to form a cutting corner, combined with an arched handling frame 10 and means for securing the stock thereto at the side of the latter opposite that containing said cutting corner.

4. In a plane the combination with the stock having a recess 20 and a groove 21 of a bit provided with a longitudinally extending screw 13c and a laterally extending screw 13d and a lateral recess providing walls 13e and 13f, nuts 18 and 18a on the screw 13c extending into said recess 20 and nuts 19 and 19a and 19b on said screw 13d, the nut 19 projecting into said groove 21, a knife having its cutting edge standing at an angle to the cutting edge of the bit and cooperating therewith, said knife provided with a longitudinally extending screw 1 having nuts 22 and 22a thereon projecting between the walls 13e and 13f and said screw lying between the nuts 19a and 19 whereby the bit can be adjusted independently of the knife and the knife independently of the bit, substantially as described.

5. In a plane the combination with the stock having a recess 20 and a groove 21, of a bit provided with a longitudinally extending screw 13c and a laterally extending screw 13d and a lateral recess providing walls 13e and 13f, means on the screw 13c extending into said recess 20 to adjust and fix the same with reference to the stock, and nuts 19 and 19a and 19b on said screw 13d, the nut 19 projecting into said groove 21, a knife on the bit having its cutting edge standing at an angle to the cutting edge of the bit and cooperating therewith, said knife provided with a longitudinally extending screw 14b having means thereon to engage the aforesaid walls 13e and 13f to longitudinally adjust and fix the same and said screw lying between the nuts 19 and 19a, whereby the knife can be adjusted independently of the bit and the bit independently of the knife, substantially as described.

JUDD W. MONTAGUE.

Witnesses:
CHAS. H. NOBLE,
BENJ. FINCKEL.

No. 960,256 – Plane (Christian Bodmer) (1910)

[paiddownloads id=”671″]960256

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHRISTIAN BODMER, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE
& LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

960,256. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented June 7, 1910.
Application filed January 31, 1910. Serial No. 540,967.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHRISTIAN BODMER, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to planes and particularly to that type of plane known as a fillister or rabbet plane.

The invention has particular reference to the construction of the plane body, my object being to overcome certain weaknesses that have heretofore existed in planes of this type.

In a fillister or rabbet plane, the cutting edge of the plane-iron is made the full width of the sole, or so that the side edges of the plane iron will be coincident with the sides of the plane, whereby the cut may be formed square up to each side edge or surface of the plane body. It follows that the throat or opening in the plane sole must therefore be the full width of the sole. This results in separating the sole transversely at a point intermediate its length, and places, therefore, the entire responsibility of holding the forward and rear sections of the sole in proper spaced relation upon the single side plate of the frame. It is at this point that heretofore has not only great weakness existed, but in the casting of the plane body great difliculty has been encountered in preventing warping and twisting of the parts, tending to throw the sections out of correct alinement and making the process of machining not only laborious but exceedingly difficult. By my improvement great strength is added at this point, warping and twisting during the process of casting are prevented, and machining is simplified and expedited. The plane body is made from cast iron and since this tool is usually a hand tool, it is obvious that it must be so constructed as to withstand severe usage. Heretofore planes of this type made from cast iron as in the present case have almost always been broken across the relatively narrow connection between the two sections of the plane. By my construction such a greater degree of strength is added that there is very little danger of breakage at any point even when the tool is roughly handled. The tool being a hand tool, it is obvious that great consideration must be attached to the element of weight, since unnecessary weight unduly taxes the strength of the workman. In this connection I have constructed a plane body so that the metal is economically disposed and well balanced throughout, my aim being to secure the highest degree of stability with a mininium amount of material.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the complete plane, looking up from the left hand side. Fig. 2 is a view of the reverse or right hand side of the plane body. Fig. 3 is a plan view of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a relatively enlarged view showing a part of the plane in longitudinal section. Fig. 5 is a cross section of the plane on the line x–x. Fig, 6 is a cross section of the plane on the line y–y.

The plane body is cast in iron or steel and comprises the forward sole section 1 and the rear sole section 2, separated by a throat 3, in which the cutting edge of the plane-iron 4 stands when the plane is set up and adjusted ready for use.

5 is a seat for the plane-iron.

The throat 3 extends transversely and obliquely entirely across the plane body as best seen in Fig. 1, and it follows therefore, that the seat 5 not only inclines rearwardly but slants down toward one side of the plane. Any suitable mechanism may be employed for holding the plane-iron to the seat, such as the headed screw-stud 6 and the cap 7. The two sections 1–2. of the sole are integrally connected by a side plate 8 formed in this instance at the right hand side of the body, a part of the side plate bridging the throat 3 and being constructed, as hereinafter described, to afford great strength and to prevent warping and twisting. The plate 8 is provided with a raised bearing portion which is machined smooth, as indicated by the laterally offset ribs 8a–8a. These bearings 8a are raised with reference to the plain unfinished side of the said side plate 8, the area of said bearing portion being suflicient to afford a sufficiently long and broad seat, at the same time being much less than the entire area, thus simplifying exceedingly the operation of machining.

9 is an upwardly projecting bearing support at the opposite side (the left hand side) of the plane body, the same being in this instance parallel with the bearing portion of the side plate 8, and at right angles to the plane of the sole sections 1–2. This bearing-section 9 is connected integrally not only with the sole section 1, but also with the opposite side plate 8, said last connections being effected through the medium of the bridge rib 10.

11 is a handle preferably cast integrally with the plane body, but of course may be made capable of being connected to said plane body in any well known or desirable manner.

Referring particularly to the views 4–6, the connections between the throat and the rib sections of the plane will now be described. It is to be understood that the plane-iron, in this type of plane, is widest at its lower end, its middle and upper portion being narrowed down to clear the side plate 8. In the present instance, I avail myself of this feature to specially construct the bridge connection between the two sole sections, providing, where necessary, a solid strong mass of material and wherever possible a ribbed construction to secure the necessary strength and lightness. Immediately adjacent to the plane seat 5, where the side plate 8 leaves the rear section, I provide a relatively heavy mass of stock, as indicated at 12, Fig. 6. Immediately forward of this point, the bridge is arched up as indicated at 13, said arch descending at a point slightly forward of the plane of the throat and meeting the transverse bridge 10 which extends across to the opposite side-bearing or support 9. The lower part of the solid mass of material 12 near the lower end of the seat 5 is extended forwardly to form a curved rib 14, which performs the double function of a strengthening rib for the plane body and a deflector for the shavings, there being a clearance space 15 entirely through the plane body above the throat 3. This rib 14 curves forwardly and across the plane and meets the sole section 1 and the inner side of the support 9, being integrally formed with both of said parts. The arched portion 13 is provided with a recess or cavity 13a and between this recess or cavity 13a and the base of the rib 14 is a horizontally disposed strengthening rib 16, extending back to the heavy mass of material 12, and serving, together with the upper flange of the bridge 13 and the rib 14, to provide a connection between the sections 1–2 of maximum strength and minimum of weight. The inside of the plane body is of course hollowed out as at 17–17 to lighten the structure.

18–18 are scoring spurs or cutters employed on opposite sides of the plane to form score lines in advance of the plane-iron 4, said score lines being coincident with the opposite edges of said plane-iron.

The part 9 performs, in addition to the function of bearing for the adjacent side of the plane, the function of a support for a depth gage, such as is customarily employed in planes of this character. The opposite side (right hand side) plate is provided with a supporting portion 8b, upon which a depth gage may be adjustably supported. Since gages and other plane attachments are well known, no particular description is required herewith, it being merely proper to state that the part 8b performs not only the function of a bearing, but also a support for any attachment such as is customarily employed in tools of this character.

As has already been stated, my invention aims at producing a plane body of the type referred to which shall be accurately formed. One of the great difficulties to overcome I will now describe. It is a well known fact that the machining of the outer flat face of a casting releases the surface tension and permits the tension on the opposite (unmachined) face to act in such a manner as to twist and warp the structure; to illustrate, were it not for the recessed form of the outer face of the side plate 8, the machining of that side to produce a bearing surface would release the surface tension on the outer side and result in warping and buckling, tending to distort and throw out of line the two sole sections 1–2 of the plane body. This buckling would occur during or immediately following the machining process. To avoid this disastrous effect, I provide a construction which requires the machining of such a relatively small area of the surface 8 that the surface tension is not released to any dangerous extent. Consequently, the tension being substantially balanced on the opposite surface of the side plate 8, all tendency to injurious warping or twisting is eliminated. It should be stated that the unmachined held of surface metal between the bearing faces 8a of the side plate 8 affords more than a mere panel intended only for the reception of a name or number. In the present instance, this unmachined surface of substantial area is so located as to overcome the aforesaid injurious tendency of warping by reason of the lessening of the surface tension at the vulnerable point.

A further advantage growing out of this construction is the rapidity and ease with which this machining process may be effected. The sum of these advantages results in great economies that add to the durability or accuracy of the instrument.

While of course I have shown herein the preferred embodiment of my invention, it is obvious that in some respects the construction may be modified or varied without changing materially those features of improvement which characterize my invention. Hence it may be stated that I contemplate that reasonable latitude may be had in the particular design resorted to.

What I claim is:

1. A plane body formed of cast metal including two sole sections separated by a throat, a wall or plate integrally connecting said sections by an arch at one side of the plane body and including a plurality of substantially horizontally disposed and inwardly directed spaced ribs extending laterally across the plane body, a standard at the opposite side of the plane forming a bearing support projecting upwardly from the forward sole section and connected to the last mentioned rib, and still another rib extending across the plane body from the support on one side to the plate on the other side and forming a combined deflector and strengthening rib.

2. A plane body formed of cast metal including two sole sections separated by a throat, a wall or plate integrally connecting said sections by an arch at one side of the plane body and including a plurality of substantially horizontally disposed and inwardly directed spaced ribs extending laterally across said body, a standard at the opposite side of the plane forming a bearing support projecting upwardly from the forward sole section and connected to the last mentioned rib, and still another rib extending across said body from the support on one side to the plate on the other side and forming a combined deflector and strengthening rib, said last mentioned rib being also integrally connected with said bearing support and one of said sole sections.

3. A plane body formed of cast metal including two sole sections separated by a throat, a wall or plate at one side, connecting said sections by an arch at one side of the plane body, a standard at the opposite side of the plane forming a bearing support, the inner side of said standard being integrally connected to the inner side of said wall or plate, the outer or bearing side of said plate where said arch is formed having a relatively raised bearing surface, said bearing surface being machined, the relatively unraised portion being unmachined to balance surface tension on opposite sides of said plate at said arch.

4. A plane body formed of cast metal including two sole sections separated by a throat, a wall or plate connecting said sections at one side of the plane body and including a plurality of substantially horizontally disposed ribs at the inner side of said side plate, the outer or bearing side of said side plate having a relatively raised bearing surface, said bearing surface being machined, said unraised portion being unmachined, said unmachined surfaces being so disposed relatively to the forward and rear sections of the sole portions of the plane as to retain surface tension at the point where buckling would tend to occur between the two sole sections.

5. A plane body comprising a forward sole section and a rear sole section arranged in line and separated by a narrow throat, a wall or plate connecting said two sections at one side of the plane body, all of said parts being formed integrally by casting, the outer bearing surface of said wall or plate including a smoothed machined bearing surface and an umnachined surface arranged in a plane slightly below the plane of the bearing surface, said unmachined portion being so located with relation to the forward and rear sole sections as to retain surface tension at the point between the front and rear sole sections where buckling would tend to occur.

CHRISTIAN BODMER.

Witnesses:
THOMAS K. O’CONNOR,
JOSEPH M. HANCE.

No. 898,556 – Mortising-Plane (Maurice A. Clark) (1908)

[paiddownloads id=”657″]898556

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

MAURICE A. CLARKE, OF EDMONTON, ALBERTA, CANADA.

MORTISING-PLANE.

_________________

898,556. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Sept. 15, 1908.
Application filed February 15, 1908. Serial No. 416,095.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MAURICE A. CLARK, a subject of Great Britain, residing at Edmonton, in the Province of Alberta, Dominion of Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Mortising-Planes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in planes and the object in view is to produce a simple and efficient device of this nature designed especially for cutting mortises for the reception of stairs and consists essentially in the provision of two cutting blades beveled upon their inner edges and placed side by side in advance of an obliquely positioned plane or blade, the parts of the apparatus being so adjusted that a groove of varying depth may be cut.

The invention comprises various details of construction and combinations and arrangements of parts which will be hereinafter fully described and then specifically defined in the appended claims.

I illustrate my invention in the accompanying drawings, in which:–

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the plane, parts being shown in section. Fig. 2 is a side elevation, Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view and Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on line 4–4 of Fig. 1.

Reference now being had to the details of the drawings by letter, A designates a stock of the plane, made preferably of metal, and has an integral handle B at one end thereof. Said stock has a vertically formed slot D’ therein for the reception of the cutting blades F, details in edge view of which are shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings. It will be noted upon reference to said blades F, that each of said blades is beveled and is designed to cut two slots spaced apart and parallel to each other. Said blades are mounted upon a screw D3 which passes through the arms of the bracket extension D4, as shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings, and D5 is a wheel with a milled edge and having a threaded aperture to engage the ends of said screws D3 whereby as the screw is raised and lowered, the depth at which it may be desired to have the blades cut, may be regulated. In order to hold the blades securely, a tapering pin F2 is provided passing through a similar shaped transverse aperture, as shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings the marginal edge of said pin being adapted to be drawn against the edges of the two blades F by means of a thumb nut F3 upon a tmeaded end of said pin.

H designates a wedged block which is mounted in a vertical slot in the stock and H’ designates a pin which is fastened to said wedged block and extends through the bracket arms H2 similar in construction to the bracket arms shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings and H3 is a wheel having a threaded opening for engagement with the screw H’, whereby said block may be raised or lowered.

It will be noted that the block H cooperates with the tapering pin F2 for the purpose of frictionally holding the blades in adjusted positions.

K designates a knife which is mounted in a diagonally disposed slot D2 formed in the stock and E designates a pin which is tapered, provided with a threaded end E2 upon which a thumb nut E3 is mounted, said pin E passing through a tapering aperture in the stock plane.

H4 designates a set screw mounted in a threaded aperture in the stock and adapted to bear against the pin E to hold the same in an adjusted position. A suitable screw N2 is fixed to the knife K, said screw not passing through the bracket arms N3 of the stock and N is a wheel having a threaded aperture to iit the screw end N’ and provided with a milled circumference.

R designates a gage having an integral rod R’ projecting therefrom and extending through an aperture in a projecting portion R2 of the stock, which projecting portion carries a set screw R3 for engagement with the rod R’ to hold the same m an adjusted position. The upper end of said rod R’ is threaded to receive an adjusting wheel R4 with a milled edge, and R5 designates a projection upon said wheel R4 which is swiveled in a recess in said projection R2.

In operation, the cutting blades F being adjusted with their cutting ends projecting below the bottom of the plane, the apparatus is positioned over the surface to be cut, the two blades F cutting the marginal edges of the groove while the planer or plowing blade K follows on and mortises out the parts intermediate the side walls of the groove. Owing to the adjustment of the gage R upon the stock, it will be noted that the depth at which it may be desired to mortise may be readily adjusted by simply loosening the set screws and raising or lowering the gage R after which the screws may be tightened and the apparatus held in its adjusted position.

by the provision of a mortising plane as shown and described, it will be observed that means is afforded whereby a groove or channel may be readily formed without inconvenience, even though the rnortising to be done may be in positions ordinarily inaccessible by means of the usual planes provided for the purpose and so arranged that the blades may be readily adjusted for mortising at different depths.

What I claim is :–

1. A mortising plane comprising a stock having a vertical slot in the forward end thereof, an inclined planer blade, blades mounted in said slot with their inner faces in contact with each other, a pin passing through a ertures in said blade, a screw to which said pin is secured, a bracket arm rising from the stock and having laterally extending fingers which are spaced apart and provided with apertures, a wheel mounted between said fingers and provided with a central threaded aperture through which said screw passes, a wedge block mounted in said slot and bearing against corresponding edges of said blades, means for moving said block, a screw having an unthreaded tapering portion passing through the stock and adapted to bear against the edges of said blades opposite said wedge block, and a nut upon said blade engaging stock, as set forth.

2. A mortising plane comprising a stock having a vertical slot in the forward end thereof, an inclined planer blade, blades mounted in said slot with their inner faces in contact with each other, a pin passing through apertures in said blade, a screw to which said pin is secured, a bracket arm rising from the stock and having laterally extending fingers which are spaced apart and provided with apertures, a wheel mounted etween said fingers and provided with a central threaded aperture through which said screw passes, a wedge block mounted in said slot and bearing against corresponding edges of said blades, a second bracket arm rising from the stock and having laterally projecting fingers which are spaced apart, a screw fastened to the block and passing through the apertures in the adjacent fingers, means for raising and lowering the stock connected to the block, and a screw passing through a transverse aperture in the stock and provided with an unthreaded tapering portion bearing against the edges of said blades, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

MAURICE A. CLARK.

Witnesses:
HENRY GILBERT,
WILLIAM CHARLES CUNNINGHAM.

No. 879,793 – Plane (Andro Nyland) (1908)

[paiddownloads id=”653″]879793

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ANDRO NYLUND, OF DULUTH, MINNESOTA.

PLANE.

_________________

879,793. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Feb. 18, 1908.
Application filed May 28, 1907. Serial No. 376,047.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ANDRO NYLUND, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Duluth, in the county of St. Louis and State of Minnesota, have invented a new and Improved Plane, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to planes, and it is particularly useful with rabbet or dado planes.

The object of the invention is to provide a simple, strong and efficient plane, having adjustable means for limiting the depth to which the cut of the plane may proceed, and which is provided with means for easily adjusting the plane iron and for locking the same in position.

A further object of the invention is to provide a plane having guide blades at both sides thereof, which can be easily and quickly adjusted, and which has means for limiting the projection of the blades.

The invention consists in the construction and combination of parts to be more particularly described hereinafter and fully set forth in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views, and in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of the plane; Fig. 2 is an elevation of the opposite side of the plane, showing parts broken away and in section 5 Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-section on the line 3–3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a vertical cross-section on the line 4–4 of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a detail showing parts in cross section and parts broken away; and Fig. 6 is a plan view of a part of the plane.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, 1 represents the body of the plane, which may be of wood or any other suitable material. Secured to the body 1 is the sole-plate 2 extending the entire length of the tool. Side-plates 3 are secured to the sides of the body, and like the sole-plate 2 may be of steel or any other suitable material, preferably metal. The body 1 is cut away between the sides to form a plane iron recess 4. The recess 4 presents a flared opening 4a at the side, through which the shaving formed by the plane iron can leave the tool. The plane iron 5 is mounted in the recess 4 and presents a rack 6. A pinion 7 in mesh with the rack 6 is rotatably mounted in an extension 8 of the recess 4. The pinion 7 has a shank 9 extending through the side of the plate and provided with a wing 10, by means of which it may be operated. A locking-block 12 is secured upon the plane iron on the side opposite to the pinion 7. A set-screw 13 is mounted in a suitably threaded opening of the body and abuts against the block 12. The set-screw 13 is provided with a- wing 14 by means of which it may be operated to jam the plane iron in position through the block 12, which is carried in the recess 4 upon transverse pins 15 arranged in openings 16 of the block.

A recess 17 is formed in the body between the side plates 3, and connects with lateral guide grooves 18 formed at the sides of the body by the side-plates 3 which are cut away for this purpose. A threaded member 19 is arranged slidably in the recess 17 and is engaged by a screw pin 20. The screw pin 20 has a collar 21 seating against the upper part of the body, and a nut 22 in engagement with the inner wall of the recess to prevent the displacement of the screw pin, which has at its outer extremity a wing 23 by means of which it may be manually operated to adjust the member 19 within the recess. It will be understood that as the screw pin 20 is turned the member will move up or down within the recess. Guide blades 24 are slidably mounted in the guide grooves 18 and have slots 25. The guide blades 24 are adjustably secured to the member 19 by means of screws 26 arranged in the slots 25 and secured in suitable threaded openings in the member 19. The guide blades 24 have shoulders 27 adapted to engage with shoulders 28 formed at an edge of each slot, to limit the projection of the cutting point 29 of the blade from the groove. The guide blades are adapted to be projected a distance beyond the sole of the plane, equal at least to the projection of the plane eyes. In the operation of the plane in the usual manner, the guide blades form parallel grooves or guides exactly within and between which the plane iron follows and cuts the shaving.

A vertical guide-way 30 is formed within the body and has a lateral slot 31 extending through the side 3. A slidable member 32 comprising substantially a rod, is arranged within the guide-way 30 and has a lateral extension 33 in the slot 31. A gage member is secured to the extension 33 by means of a screw 35. The gage member 34 has a supplemental sole 36. The gage member may be adjusted at the side of the body by moving the member 32 up or down within the guide-way. A transverse pin 37 is arranged adjacent to the member 32 and has a wing 33 at the side, by means of which it may be operated. An eccentric cam groove 39 is formed in the pin 37. When the member 32 engages the cam groove at the greatest depth of the same the member is free to slide within the guide-way. When the pin 37 is rotated from this position the member 32 is jammed within the guide-way by the cam-like action of the groove. The pin 37 is provided with a second annular groove 40 with which a pin 41 carried by the body engages to prevent the lateral displacement of the adjusting pin 37. Aleaf spring 47 is arranged in the guide-way 30 and engages the member 32 to hold the same resiliently within the guide-way and to prevent lateral movement of the same. The gage 34 serves to determine and measure the depth oi the rabbet formed by the plane. A guide-plate 42 having slots 43 is adjustably mounted at the side of the plane opposite to the gage 34, by means of set-screws 44 arranged in the slots 43 and in suitable openings of the body. The guide-plate 42 extends the entire length of the plane and is adapted to be projected below the sole of the same to guide the tool at the edge of the work when a rabbet is being cut. A handle 45 is mounted by means of screws 46 at one side of the plane and serves for holding the tool when it is in operation.

Having thus described my invention I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In a plane, a plane iron having a rack, and a pinion adapted to be manually controlled and operatively engaging with said rack, a block tapered toward the cutting edge of said iron and loosely mounted to engage the same, and a set screw adjustably engaging said block to lock said iron in position.

2. In a plane, a body having a guide-groove, a guide-blade mounted to slide in said groove, a movable member arranged to slide in the longitudinal direction of said groove and having an adjustable connection with said blade, and means for adjusting said member.

3. In a plane, a body having a recess, and a guide-groove communicating with said recess, a movable member in said recess, a guide-blade in said groove and having an adjustable connection with said member, and a screw-pin engaging with said member and controlling the same.

4. In a plane, a body having a recess, and a guide-groove communicating with said recess and presenting a shoulder, a movable member in said recess, a guide-blade in said groove and having an adjustable connection with said member, said guide-blade presenting a shoulder adapted to engage said shoulder of said guide-groove to limit the projection of said blade from said groove, and a screw-pin engaging with said member and controlling the same.

5. In a plane, a body having a recess and guide-grooves at opposite sides of said body and communicating with said recess, a movable member in said recess, guide-blades in said grooves and presenting slots, adjustable screws carried by said member and engaging said slots to secure said blades to said member, and a screw-pin operatively engaging said member and having collars engaging said body to prevent the longitudinal movement of said pin.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ANDRO NYLUND.

Witnesses:
S. C. MILLER,
W. A. ANDERSON.

No. 706,576 – Plane (Axel L. Lundgren) (1902)

[paiddownloads id=”565″]706576

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

AXEL L. LUNDGREN, OF PULLMAN, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR OF
ONE-HALF TO HARRY W. WOLFE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 706,576, dated August 12, 1902.
Application filed January 4, 1902. Serial No. 88,462. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, AXEL L. LUNDGREN, a citizen of the United States, residing in Pullman, Cook county, Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Planes, of which the following is a specification.

The object of this invention is to construct a plane which will be strong and compact in structure, neat in appearance, and easy of adjustment, and the parts of which will, moreover, be firmly and rigidly held in their adjusted positions; and the invention more particularly relates to the means by which this adjustment is accomplished and maintained and to the improvement of the construction and operation of the plane as a whole.

The invention further consists in the features of construction and combination of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings illustrating the invention, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the plane of this invention; Fig. 2, a side elevation showing one of the sides of the stock or frame cut away, exposing the adjusting mechanism within; Fig. 3, a top or plan view with the cap or cover removed, and Fig. 4 a top or plan view with the wedge and bit removed from the stock or frame.

The plane of this invention is made with a stock: or frame A, which may be of metal or other suitable material having side walls a, a front end wall a’, a rear end wall a2, beveled at its upper corner, and a bottom or sole a3 for contact with the wood to be planed, and an escape-opening A’ in the side walls and a mouth a4 in the sole to allow for the projection of the bit therethrough and the escape of shavings from within the stock. Between the side walls and abutting against the interior of the rear end wall and the bottom or sole is a bed B, having an inclined upper face and made of wood or other suitable filling material provided with a forward recess b in its upper edge and a rear recess b’ in its rear edge, leaving a lug or bearing b2 between the two recesses, and into the forward end face of the recess b extends a bearing-hole b3, (Shown in dotted lines.) The bed may be held in position within the stock by a screw b4 or other suitable means.

An adjusting-screw C, extending diagonally through the beveled corner of the rear wall, through the lug or bearing b2 of the bed B, and into the bearing-hole b3, is provided at its free end with an adjusting thumb-nut c, bearing against the exterior wall of the stock or frame, and with a ring or collar c’ within the stock or frame, which allows the adjusting-screw to revolve and prevents its withdrawal or displacement. Carried upon the adjusting-screw and lying within the forward recess is a traveling nut D, having on its upper face a pin or pivot d, projecting into a hole e in a bit E, the cutting edge of which bit projects through the mouth in the sole or bottom and the body of which rests upon the inclined upper face of the bed B, thereby affording a means for adjusting the bit by imparting movement to the traveling nut.

The bit is provided with an outwardly-flaring cutting-head e’, and its radius of adjustment may be further increased by increasing the number of holes c, as shown in dotted lines. A clamping lever-block F, having in its upper face a longitudinally-extending slot f and a depression f’, leaving a contact-shoulder f2, and also provided with a bearing-plate f3, attached to its face, affords a means for holding the bit firmly in its adjusted position. A lever G, working within the slot, is provided with a cam-head g, through which extends a pivot-pin g’, carried by ears g2, formed in the bearing-plate and bent or turned to hold the pin firmly in place. A flat spring H, flxedly attached to the under face of the bearing-plate h3 at the point h, has its free end in contact with the lug of the bed and is pressed down against the lug under tension by the cam-head G of the lever when down, thereby holding the bearing-plate of the clamping lever-block in rigid contact with the bit, and a bearing-screw I is screw-threaded into an abutment i between the side walls of the stock or frame. The abutment is adapted to contact with the shoulder f2 in the upper face of the clamping lever-block to prevent the clamping lever-block from being carried forward beyond its proper point of adjustment while the bearing-screw serves to regulate the degree of pressure exerted by the bearing-plate of the clamping lever-block against the upper surface of the bit.

A filling-block J, held in place by a screw j or other suitable means, serves to add rigidity to the forward end of the stock or frame and to prevent the same from being clogged or filled up with shavings or other refuse, and a cap K, adapted to enter the opening in the stock or frame and provided with a depression or recess k in its under face for the reception of the clamping lever-block, and further provided with a flaring outwardly or extended top k’, projecting over the walls of the stock or frame, affords a suitable rest for the hand when in use.

It will thus be seen that the plane of this invention may be quickly and readily adjusted while in use without removing any of its parts by merely turning the adjusting-screw and projecting or receding the bit operated thereby. The clamping lever-block, with the spring compressed by the cam-headed lever, serves to hold the bit firmly and rigidly in place at all times; but when it becomes necessary to remove the bit for the purpose of sharpening or otherwise the same can be very easily accomplished by lifting the lever into the position shown in Fig. 3, whereby the cam-head is thrown back from contact with the flat spring, allowing the same to be released from tension, whereby the clamping lever-block released from contact with the adjusting-screw may be withdrawn from the stock or frame, allowing the bit to be subsequently removed. The action of the spring in raising the clamping lever-block at its rear end brings the contact of the bearing-plate of the clamping lever-block close to the cutting end of the bit at the point where the pressure is most needed, thereby serving to better hold the bit against displacement when in use. Moreover, by bringing the entire pressure of the bearing-plate upon a single portion of the bit the bearing-plate is made to bind or bite against the bit, thereby rendering the pressure more effective than if exerted by continuous contact between the clamping lever-block and the bit. It will thus be seen that the plane is simple and effective in its operation, easy in its adjustment, and strong and neat in its construction.

What I regard as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. In a plane, having flat side walls and connecting end walls, inclosing the operative mechanism and having an escape-opening in its sides and a mouth in its sole, a bed having an inclined upper face, a bit resting against the inclined upper face of the bed and projecting through the mouthin the sole, a clamping lever-block lying between and in close contact with the side walls of the hollow stock, a flat spring connected to the clamping lever-block and projecting rearwardly therefrom having its free end in contact with the bed, an abutment for the upper face of the clamping lever-block extending between the side walls, and a cam-headed lever pivoted at the rear end of the clamping lever-block and operating within a slot in the top thereof to have its cam-head contact with the flat spring, whereby the spring under tension is forced against the bed raising the clamping lever-block against the abutment and forcing down the bit, substantially as described.

2. In a plane, the combination of a holder stock or frame having flat side walls and connecting end walls inclosing the operating mechanism and having an escape-opening in its sides and mouth and in its sole, a bed having an inclined upper face, a bit resting against the inclined face of the bed and projecting through the mouth in the sole, a clamping lever-block lying between and supported against lateral movement by the side wall of the stock having a forwardly-projecting bearing-plate attached to its bottom, a rearwardly-projecting spring attached to the bearing-plate, having its free end in contact with the bed, an abutment for the upper face of the clamping lever-block carried between the side walls of the stock, a bearing-screw, screw-threaded through the abutment for contact with the upper face of the clamping lever-block and a cam-headed lever pivoted at the rear end of the clamping lever-block and operating within a slot in the top thereof to contact with the spring whereby the spring under tension is forced against the bed, raising the clamping lever-block against the abutment forcing the forward end of the bearing-plate against the bit at a single point, substantially as described.

3. In a plane, the combination of a hollow stock or frame having an escape-opening in its sides and a mouth in its sole, a bed having an inclined upper face with a recess therein, an adjusting-screw projecting through the recess in the bed, a traveling nut carried by the adjusting-screw and operating within the recess, a bit resting against the inclined face of the bed and carried by the traveling nut, and projected through the mouth in the sole, a clamping lever-block supported against lateral movement by the side walls of the hollow stock having a bearing-plate attached to its bottom, a rearwardly-projecting flat spring attached to the bearing-plate and having its free end in contact with the bed an abutment for the upper face of the clamping lever-block, and a cam-headed lever pivoted to the lever-block and contacting with the spring whereby the spring under tension is forced against the bed and the clamping lever-block against the abutment and the bearing-plate against the bit at a single point, substantially as described.

4. In a plane, the combination of a hollow stock or frame, a bed having an inclined upper face with a recess therein, an adjusting-screw projecting through the recess in the bed, a traveling nut carried by the adjusting-screw and operating within the recess, a bit resting against the inclined face of the bed and carried by the traveling nut and projecting through the mouth in the sole, a clamping lever-block having a forwardly-projecting plate attached to its bottom, a rearwardly-projecting flat spring attached to the bearing-plate and having its free end in contact with the bed, an abutment for the upper face of the clamping lever-block, a bearing-nut screw-threaded through the abutment for contact with the clamping lever-block, and a cam-headed lever pivoted at the rear end of the clamping lever-block and operated within a slot therein to contact with the flat spring whereby the spring under tension is forced against the bed raising the clamping lever-block against the abutment and the adjusting-screw and forcing the forward end of the bearing-plate against the hit at a single point, substantially as described.

5. In a plane, the combination of a hollow stock or frame having an escape-opening in its sides and a mouth in its sole, and having its upper rear corner inclined or beveled, a bed within the stock or frame having an inclined upper face with a forward recess therein, and a rear recess in the rear upper corner of the bed leaving a bearing-lug between the recesses, an adjusting-screw projecting through the beveled rear wall of the stock and the lug in the bed and through the recesses therein, a traveling nut provided with an upwardly-extending pin and carried by the adjusting-screw to operate within the forward recess, a bit resting against the inclined face of the bed and carried by the pin on the traveling nut, a clamping lever-block having a forwardly-projecting bearing-plate attached to its bottom, a rearwardly-projecting flat spring attached to the bearing-plate and having its free end in contact with the bed, an abutment for the upper face of the clamping lever-block, a bearing-screw screw-threaded through the abutment for contact with the clamping lever-block, and a cam-headed lever pivoted at the rear end of the lever-block and lying when forced down within a slot in the top of the lever-block and having its cam-head in contact I with the flat spring whereby the spring under tension is forced against the bed raising the clamping lever-block against the bearing-screw and forcing the forward end of the bearing-plate against the bit at a single point, substantially as described.

6. In a plane, the combination of a hollow stock or frame having an escape-opening in its sides and a mouth in its sole, and having its upper rear corner inclined or beveled, a bed within the stock or frame having an inclined upper face with a forward recess therein, and a rear recess in the rear upper corner of the bed leaving a bearing-lug between the recesses, an adjusting-screw projecting through the beveled rear wall of the stock and the lug in the bed and through the recesses therein, a head on the adjusting-screw contacting with the outer face of the beveled corner, a traveling nut provided with an upwardly-extending pin and carried by the adjusting-screw to operate within the forward recess, a bit resting against the inclined face of the bed and carried by the pin on the traveling nut, a clamping lever-block supported against lateral movement by the side walls of the hollow stock having a forwardly-projecting bearing-plate attached to its bottom, a rearwardly-projecting flat spring having its free end in contact with the bed, an abutment for the upper face of the clamping lever-block, a bearing-screw screw-threaded through the abutment for contact with the clamping lever-block, a cam-headed lever pivoted at the rear end of the clamping lever-block and operating within a slot in the top thereof to contact with the flat spring whereby the spring under tension is forced against the bed raising the clamping lever-block against the bearing-screw and forcing the forward end of the bear-
ing-plate against the bit at a single point, a filling-block in the forward end of the stock or frame, and a cap fitting within the top of the stock or frame, substantially as described.

AXEL L. LUNDGREN.

Witnesses:
THOMAS A. BANNING,
SAMUEL W. BANNING.

No. 600,767 – Plane (John Brandell) (1898)

[paiddownloads id=”535″]600767

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN BRANDELL, OF WALPOLE, NEW HAMPSHIRE.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 600,767, dated March 15, 1898.
Application filed August 5, 1897. Serial No. 647,180. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN BRANDELL, of Walpole, in the county of Cheshire and State of New Hampshire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention is an improvement in planes, and relates more especially to rabbeting-planes, the object of the same being to provide one that can be readily adjusted to increase and diminish the width of the rabbet or groove, and includes a guide for determining the depth of said groove and also certain devices for adjusting the bits, all as will be hereinafter fully set forth, and specifically pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a rabbeting-plane constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a view looking at the lower edge of the plane. Fig. 3 is an end elevation. Fig. 4 is a detail view of one of the sections of the plane removed, including the parts carried thereby. Fig. 5 is a similar view of the other section of the plane. Fig. 6 is a side elevation of part of section 1, showing the gage-plate. Fig. 7 is an end view of gage-plate.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, 1 and 2 designate the two sections of the plane which form the sides thereof and are connected by pins 3, which extend from one section through openings therefor in the other section, the parts being held adjustable with respect to each other by the set-screws 4, carried by the section 2 and engaging the pins which project from the section 1. The pins are each provided with a scale, for a purpose hereinafter set forth.

The inner sides of the sections 1 and 2 of the plane are hollowed out, the section 1 presenting an inclined rib 5, upon which bears a bit 6, having teeth 7, by which it is connected to an elbow-lever 8, pivoted upon a bearing-pin 9, supported at one end by a bracket 10, while its other end is let into the section. The lower or cutting edge of the bit is adapted to be projected below the rib 5, the section having a lateral projection 11, the surface of which is curved, as shown, to guide the shavings out of the plane. The elbow-lever, which is connected to the bit, as hereinbefore described, is operated by a block 12, mounted upon a screw 13, bearing at its lower end in a post 14 and extending through the upper part of the section 1, where it is provided with a knob or milled wheel 15. The connection between the sliding block and lever is by means of a projection 16 on the block engaging the bifurcated end of the lever. The block is prevented from turning upon the screw by bearing against the inner side of the section 1, and it will be observed that when the said screw is turned the bit will be raised or lowered to adjust the same.

The bit is securely clamped in position after being adjusted by means of a clamp consisting of the parts 17 and 18, one of which bears against the upper part of the bit, while the other bears against the lower part thereof, the said clamp being pivoted upon a bearing-screw 19, supported at one end by a bracket 20. The parts or members of the clamp are forced upon the bit by means of a screw 21 engaging a threaded aperture in the projecting end of one part and bearing upon the projecting end of the other part, serving to force the latter directly against the bit, while drawing up upon the other part of the clamp in forcing its opposite end against the bit. It will be understood, of course, that before adjusting the bit the clamp is released, and by the particular construction and arrangement described a minute adjustment can be secured, the upper part of the bit being of a width to fit within the opening thereof and properly dispose the cutting edge with respect to the edge of the plane.

The section 2 of the plane carries mechanism for adjusting the bit which is similar in construction to that hereinbefore described, with the exception that the bit 22 is given further bearing-surfaces to prevent lateral movement, and to this end acasting 23 is secured to the rib 24, forming one of the bearings for said bit, the casting having projecting members supporting the pivot-pins of the mechanism. The bit carried by this section is so located with respect to the bit of the other section as to be located behind the same when the two sections are placed together.

By providing the plane with two sections movable to and from each other and having each section carry a bit the width of a groove to be cut by the plane can be increased or diminished by moving said sections to and from each other, the adjustment being held by thumb-screws, which engage the connecting-pins. In connection with the two bits each section is provided on its outer side with a cutting-blade 25, adjustable by having a slot through which a retaining-screw passes.

Upon one side of the plane is mounted a gage-plate 26, adjustable with respect to the edge of the plane by means of a thumb-screw 27 passing through a slot 28 therein and engaging a threaded aperture in the plane, gage-marks being provided, as shown, to indicate the extent of the adjustment, while the straight-edge of the gage-plate is maintained parallel with the edge of the plane by forming a rib 29 upon the inner side of the plate, which slides within a recess therefor in the plane. This gage-plate is for the purpose of determining the depth of the rabbet or groove.

I also provide the plane with a longitudinal guide-strip 30, connected to stems or pins 31, which slide within openings therefor in the side of the plane, the said guide-strip being held by thumb-screws 32, which engage the stems. When the guide-strip is projected below the bottom of the plane and held by the thumb-screws referred to, said strip may be adjusted inwardly under the body of the stock by screws carried by the strip and engaging threaded apertures in heads 33, formed at the outer ends of the pins, the screws rotatably engaging the strip at their inner ends and bearing at their opposite or outer ends in brackets 34, extending from the strip, the screws being held against longitudinal movement with respect to the strip and its brackets. When the guide-strip is extended below the edge of the plane, it will assist in forming a rabbet by bearing against the edge of the lumber or work. In forming a groove the guide-strip is slipped up out of the way, lying snugly against the longitudinal shoulder formed by the enlarged upper portion of the section 1 of the plane.

From the foregoing description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, it will be apparent that I provide a plane which is susceptible of numerous adjustments to not only vary the width of a rabbet or groove, but also to determine its depth, besides presenting a guide-strip which will be serviceable in preventing the plane cutting in when forming a rabbet.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is —

1. A rabbeting-plane comprising two sections, means for adjusting said sections to and from each other, and bits carried by each section, the bit of one section overlapping and being located in the rear of the bit of the other section, substantially as shown and for the purpose set forth.

2. A plane comprising two sections, pins carried by one section and extending through openings therefor in the other section, screws for holding the adjustment of the movable section, and bits carried by each section, the bit in one section being located in the rear of and overlapping the bit in the other section, substantially as shown and described.

3. A plane for the purpose set forth, comprising two sections adjustable to and from each other, overlapping bits carried by the sections and located one in front of the other, a gage-plate adjustable vertically upon one section, and a guide-strip attached to the other section, substantially as shown and described.

4. A plane comprising two sections adjustable to and from each other, overlapping bits carried by the sections and located one in front of the other, a gage-plate vertically adjustable upon one of the sections, a guide-strip connected to the other section by pins, and set-screws engaging the pins, substantially as shown and described.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN BRANDELL.

Witnesses:
FRED PRENTISS,
CHARLES SLADE.

No. 538,937 – Combination-Plane (Jacob W. Tripp) (1895)

[paiddownloads id=”514″]538937

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JACOB W. TRIPP, OF SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH TERRITORY.

COMBINATION-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 538,937, dated May 7, 1895.
Application filed August 9, 1894. Serial No. 519,912. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JACOB W. TRIPP, of Salt Lake City, in the county of Salt Lake and Territory of Utah, have invented a new and Improved Combination-Plane, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The object of the invention is to provide a new and improved plane, which is comparatively simple and durable in construction, arranged for universal adjustment to enable the operator to conveniently plane straight or curved work, such as stair rails, on all sides, and for molding, fitting, plowing, tonguing and grooving, rabbeting and other purposes, also to form beads, fillets, &c.

The invention consists principally of a stock adapted to receive a removable wooden sole piece shaped to conform to the curved or straight surface to be planed.

The invention further consists in a bit having gear teeth adapted to be engaged by a segmental lever, for shifting the said bit into proper position.

The invention also consists in an auxiliary guide stock pivoted on an adjustable arm held on the main stock.

The invention also consists in certain parts and details, and combinations of the same, as will be fully described hereinafter, and then pointed out in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the improvement. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same. Fig. 3 is a sectional side elevation of the improvement on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is an enlarged transverse section of the bit-guide, the section being taken on the line 4 4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a transverse section of the improvement on the line 5 5 of Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a sectional rear elevation of part of the improvement on the line 6 6 of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the improvement, showing a modified form of sole-piece. Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a modified form of guide-piece for the auxiliary guide-stock. Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a modified form of sole-piece in front of the cutting-bit. Fig. 10 is a sectional plan view of part of the improvement on the line 10 10 of Fig. 7. Fig. 11 is a rear elevation of the auxiliary guide and adjacent parts. Fig. 12 is a side elevation of the improvement arranged with a straight wooden sole-piece, part of which is broken out. Fig. 13 is a sectional plan view of the same on the line 13 13 of Fig. 12. Fig. 14 is an inverted plan view of the bit. Fig. 15 is a plan view of the same. Fig. 16 is a face view of a combination quick cutter and blank. Fig. 17 is a face view of a modified form of fastening for the quick cutter, and Fig. 18 is a sectional plan view of the same on the line 18 18 of Fig. 17.

The improved plane is provided with the metallic stock A, having an integral handle A’, and a bit plate A2 extending in an inclined direction, as plainly shown in Figs. 1 and 3, and fastened by screws or other means to the stock A and handle A’. On the under side of the stock A, is adapted to be secured by screws orother means, a sole piece B, having its bottom made in various shapes according to the article to be planed. The sole piece is made of wood, and is shaped at its under side to correspond to the shape of the article to be planed, as will be readily understood by reference to Fig. 1, or is made straight at its under side for planing straight surfaces of different shapes, as illustrated in Fig. 12.

On the lower end of the cap C is secured a sole piece B’, forming a continuation of the sole piece B, and shaped according to the article under treatment, that is, either curved at the under side, as shown in Fig. 1, or straight as illustrated in Figs. 9 and 12. The pressure plate or cap C for the plane, is adapted to engage and hold the cutting bit D on the bit plate A2.

In order to shift the bit D, I form the top surface thereof at the upper end with rack teeth D’ adapted to be engaged by the teeth E’ of a segmental lever E, formed with a slot E2 adapted to engage a pin C’ extending transversely in the pressure plate C, and through an aperture C2 therein, as will be readily understood by reference to Fig. 3. Now when the pressure plate C is in place, the operator inserts the segmental lever E in the aperture C2, so that the pin C’ forms a fulcrum for the said lever, and the teeth E’ of the latter engage the rack teeth D’ of the bit D. When the operator swings the lever E either up or down, then the teeth E’ shift the bit D down or up, so as to adjust the cutting edge of the bit according to the under side of the sole piece B. After proper adjustment is made of the bit D, then the segmental lever E is again removed from the aperture C2 and the pin C’. The pressure plate or cap C is held from sliding by dowels F, F’, which project at right angles from the bit plate A2. See Fig. 3. To clamp the bit in place on the bit plate A2, I provide a screw rod F2, secured in the bit plate A2, parallel to the dowels F F’. The screw rod F2 is provided with the smooth piece F3, extending through the bit slot D2 and the cap C. The reduced end F4 of the screw rod F2 engages a removable block G, fitting under the head F5 of the said screw rod, and on the sides of the said block G is fulcrumed a cam lever G’, formed near its outer end with an opening G2 adapted to fit over the outer end of the dowel pin F’, whenever the said cam lever is in a closed position, as shown in Figs. 1, 3, and 12. The cam is formed on the fulcrumed end of the lever G’, and engages a wearing plate G4 held on the pressure plate C, so that when the lever G’ is swung inward, then the cam portion of the said lever presses on the wearing plate G4, to raise the block G, and to securely press the latter against the under side of the head F5 of the screw rod F2, whereby the pressure plate C is firmly pressed inward onto the bit D, to clamp the latter securely in position. The wearing plate G4 can be dispensed with in case the cap C is made of a hard material.

When the lever G’ is swung outward into the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3, then the cam end of the lever releases the block G from pressing on the head F5, thereby loosening the pressure plate C sufliciently to remove the cutting bit D as may be desired. In order to properly guide the bit D, I provide the under side thereof with a longitudinal recess D3, see Figs. 3 and 14, engaged by a lug A3 formed or secured on the bit plate A2.

On the lower end of the cap C, and abutting on the face of the bit D, is arranged an adjustable plate C4, formed with a longitudinally-extending shoulder C5 fitting into a correspondingly shaped groove in the cap or pressure plate C, as plainly shown in Fig. 4. A screw C6 serves to hold the adjustable plate C4 in place on the pressure plate C, the said screw passing through a longitudinally-extending slot C7 formed in the adjustable plate C4. By the arrangement described, the plate C4 can be readily adjusted on the pressure plate C, by loosening the screw C6, and then shifting the said adjustable plate C4 so that its lower end is as close down to the cutting edge of the bit as desirable, to permit of cutting in cross-grained wood without danger of tearing it or leaving a rough surface.

On the rear face of the stock A, is held adjustably a block H, provided with an obliquely-extending slot H’, through which passes a screw H2 screwing in the stock A, as teaser indicated in Figs. 6 and 7. A shoulder H4, see Fig. 10, formed on the back of this block H engages a correspondingly shaped groove A5 in the rear face of the bit plate A2, the said groove A5 being arranged parallel or in alignment with the slot H’, so as to permit of shifting the block H in an oblique direction on the stock, as required. On the back of the block H is formed a vertical recess or groove H3 (see Figs. 2 and 5), in which is held adjustable a quick cutter or bit I, for cutting the sides or edges of the wood under treatment, as plainly illustrated in Figs. 5 and 7. The quick cutter I, may be held in place on the block H, either by a screw I’, as shown in Fig. 5, or by making it dovetailed in cross section and clamping it in position at one edge by a cap H7 adapted to be fastened to the block H by a screw H8, as shown in Figs. 17 and 18. Instead of the cutter or bitI, I may place a blank I3 in the said groove H3, see Fig. 12, and the cutter I and blank I3 may be combined in a single piece, as illustrated in Fig. 16. The blank I3 is provided with a row of apertures, one of which is adapted to be engaged at a time by the set screw I’, but the blank may also be held in place by the cap H7 above mentioned. This blank I3, when used, prevents the shavings from accumulating in the plane throat and choking the plane, and is especially serviceable when cutting deep slots or grooves with the bit D, or other bits that may be used.

On the lower end of the block H is pivoted at J’, the auxiliary guide stock J, extending transversely, as plainly shown in the drawings, and carrying at its lower end an adjustable plate K, engaged by a set-screw K’ passing through a slot J2 extending longitudinally in the auxiliary guide-stock J. By this arrangement the plate K can be adjusted laterally in the guide stock according to the thickness or width of the wood under treatment. The screw K’ is adapted to engage one of a series of apertures K2, K3, K4, in the plate K, so as to increase the range of adjustment of the said plate K on the said guide-stock J.

On the front end of the plate K is arranged a foot-piece K5, made of wood or other suitable material, and shaped to correspond to the shape of the wood to be planed, as indicated in Figs. 5 and 8. The foot-piece K5 shown in Fig. 8 is more especially designed for use on twisted and crooked work. The foot-piece K5 is opposite the front sole-piece B’, secured to the under side of the shavings cup C9, as will be readily understood by reference to the dotted lines in Fig. 1, the said foot-piece also extending rearwardly a suitable distance, so that its rear end is about opposite the cutting edges of the bits D and I.

On one side of the auxiliary guide stock J is fitted to slide transversely, a block L, having a longitudinally extending groove L2 engaged by a set screw L’ screwing in the auxiliary guide-stock J, the screw L’ thus admitting of a right or left movement of the said block, and the screw is adapted to engage one of a series of tap apertures J3 in the auxiliary guide-stock J. See Fig. 11. A link N, pivotally connects this block L with a stud N’ secured on the block H, so that the upward and downward swinging motion of the auxiliary guide-stock is limited, but any desired adjustment can be made by adjusting the screw L’ in one of the series of tap apertures J3 in the auxiliary guide stock J. By this arrangement the auxiliary guide-stock J can be moved in a tilted position according to the wood under treatment, or the main stock A may be inclined, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 5.

Now it will be seen that with the device described, almost any desired form of molding can be planed as the tool is universall adjustable for all kinds of work of any class desired.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

1. A plane having its body composed of two separable parts, to wit: a stock and a pressure-plate, in combination with a bit located between said parts, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of a main stock having a bit-plate and a bit mounted thereon and provided with a series of rack teeth on its upper face, a pressure plate arranged over the bit and provided with a recess extending through it adjacent to the rack teeth of the bit, a rod extending transversely of said recess a lever with its bifurcations embracing said transverse rod and engaging the rack teeth in the bit, whereby the same may be adjusted, and means for locking said bit fast to the bit plate, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of a main stock having a bit plate and a bit mounted thereon and provided with a series of rack teeth on its upper face, a pressure plate arranged over the bit and provided with a recess extending through it adjacent to the rack teeth of the bit, a rod extending transversely through said recess, a bifurcated lever adapted to be arranged in said recess with its bifurcations on opposite sides of said transverse rod and engaging the rack teeth in the bit, whereby the same may be adjusted, a screw rod connected at one end to the bit plate with its other end extending through the pressure plate, and a lever connected to the extremity of said screw rod and provided with a cam adapted to bear on said pressure plate, whereby the bit may be clamped in place, substantially as set forth.

4. A plane having its body composed of two separable parts to wit: a stock and a pressure plate, in combination with removable sole-pieces secured to said parts, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination of a main stock having a bit, a plate H adjustably connected to said stock and also provided with a bit, said plate H being adapted to be moved in a direction parallel to the direction in which the bit on the main stock moves, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination of a main stock having a bit, a plate H, adjustably connected to the said stock and adapted to be moved in a direction parallel to the direction in which the bit on the main stock moves, the bit I adjustably mounted on said plate H, and an adjustable lower portion for said plate H, adapted to form a lateral guide for the main stock, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination of a main stock having a bit, a plate H adjustably connected to the said stock and adapted to be moved in a direction parallel to the direction in which the bit on the main stock moves, a bit adjustably arranged between said plate H and the main stock, and a clamping device for said bit, substantially as set forth.

8. A plane having its body composed of two parts, to wit: — a stock and a pressure-plate, one part having projecting dowel pins and the other part having sockets to receive the dowel-pins, in combination with a bit located between said parts and provided with slots to receive said dowel pins, substantially as set forth.

9. A plane having its body composed of two parts, to wit: — a stock and a pressure-plate, one part having dowel pins and the other part having perforations for the passage of the dowel pins, in combination with a bit located between the two parts, and a clamping device mounted on the perforated part and adapted to clamp the two parts together, whereby said bit is held in place, substantially as set forth.

10. A plane having its body divided vertically into two parts, one part being a stock and the other part being a pressure-plate, dowel-pins projecting from one part, the other part being perforated for the passage of the dowel-pins, a bit located between the parts and having slots for the passage of the dowel-pins, and a clamping device mounted on the perforated part and engaging the dowel-pins of the other part, and adapted to clamp the bit in place between the two parts, substantially as set forth.

11. A plane having its body composed of two parts, to wit: a stock and a pressure-plate, each provided with a sole-piece, a bit located between the two parts, and a clamping device adapted to clamp said parts together, whereby the bit is held in place, substantially as set forth.

JACOB W. TRIPP.

Witnesses:
CHARLES G. CARTER,
C. H. STEBBINS.

No. 533,329 – Rabbet-Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1895)

[paiddownloads id=”512″]533329

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

RABBET-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 533,329, dated January 29, 1895.
Application filed October 8, 1894. Serial No. 525,202. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rabbet-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to rabbet-planes, and it has for its principal object to furnish an improved plane of this general class, which may he readily converted from an ordinary rabbet-plane to a “bull-nose” plane without decreasing or adding to the number of parts of the tool.

Another object of the invention is to furnish an improved clamping-device for this kind of planes, by means of which the plane-iron or cutter may be securely and positively held substantially upon its longitudinal axis.

In the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a rabbet-plane embodying my present invention. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of a portion of the forward end or toe of the plane, looking toward the side opposite that shown in Fig. 1, and showing a reversible, auxiliary duplex runner in position to form an ordinary side-rabbet-plane. Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3, but showing the reversible member in position to form a “bull-nose” side-rabbet-plane. Fig. 5 is a transverse section taken in line x–x, Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrow and illustrating one use of the plane.

Similar characters designate like parts in all of the views.

In rabbet-planes as heretofore constructed it has been the practice to provide one form of plane for working in continuous open grooves, or cuts, and a separate, or “bull-nose,” plane for working in grooves or cuts closed at one or both ends thereof.

It is the main object of the present invention to combine the ordinary rabbet-plane and the “bull-nose” plane so that the two may be readily and quickly converted from one to the other, without decreasing or adding to the number of parts thereof, while at the same time maintaining the strength and solidity of the ordinary forms of plane of these types now in use. I attain this end by the provision of an auxiliary reversible member, or duplex runner removably secured to the forward end of the plane, in such a manner as to be fixedly held against movement laterally and longitudinally of the stock when in position thereon, and so that, when in either of its positions, one of the runners will have its sole in alignment with the sole of the stock, and will also have a vertical stop-face adjacent to the cutting edge of the plane-iron or cutter and adapted to close the chip-space or throat of the plane.

My invention also contemplates the provision of a clamp, adapted to be held positively in position substantially upon its longitudinal axis, so that the end thrust upon the cutter, when the plane is in use, will not loosen the clamp, but will be taken up by a fixed portion of the stock.

In the preferred embodiment of my invention, herein shown and described, P designates the stock of the plane, and is shown herein as comprising a body-portion 2, and a runner 3, of reduced cross-section, having the usual beveled face 4 sloping toward the outer side of said runner to form the usual narrow sole 5. This stock is shown herein as of substantially rectangular outline, and as provided at the upper rear end thereof with a handle 6, which may be of any desired construction. This handle is shown as formed separately from the stock and as secured thereto by a screw fastening but it is obvious that it might be integral with the stock. An oblique channel is shown, at 7, as extending from the upper, inner corner of the plane to the lower, outer corner thereof, and is adapted for maintaining the cutter or bit in position. The walls of this channel are shown as parallel with each other, and as intersecting the outer face of the plane in a line perpendicular with the sole thereof, so as to form an inner stop-wall for the outer side of the cutter-iron, and thereby maintain the cutting-edge of said iron perpendicular to the plane of the sole of the stock.

The plane-iron or bit is designated in a general way by B, and is shown as having parallel, longitudinal edges, and as adapted to lit snugly within the guides, 8 and 9, which form the upper and lower walls of the channel 7. This bit or cutter is also shown as beveled at its forward end to form a cutting edge 10, which, when the cutter is in position, will be substantially perpendicular to the sole of the stock, and is represented as beveled also adjacent to its lower, longitudinal edge, to conform with the outline of the beveled runner 3, and prevent interference with the work, which might result from the projection of a portion of the cutter beyond the inner, beveled edge of the runner.

The stock is shown herein as having formed upon its inner side a channel or guide-way 12, perpendicular to its sole but inclined to the sides of said stock at the same angle as is the channel 7, and adapted to position a clamping-device for locking the cutter against the walls of said channel 7, the two guide-ways or channels being shown as intersecting each other.

The clamping-device for securing the cutter is shown as comprising a locking-member or bridge-piece 13, having a body portion, non-contiguous to the stock, and two transverse terminal members or clamping faces, 13′ and 13”, the latter of which is disposed obliquely of the body-portion, so that when in position it will engage the inner face of the bit substantially upon the longitudinal axis thereof. This bridge-clamp is shown as provided with a central aperture or opening adapted for the reception of a clamping thumb-screw 14, the outer screw-threaded end of which engages a correspondingly-threaded aperture or tap, passing through the body portion of the plane, at a point substantially centrally-disposed relatively to the side-walls of the guide-way 12.

A washer 15 may be provided, if desired, between the head of the clamp-screw and the face of the bridge-piece.

It will be seen that, when the cutter is in position and the bridge-clamp is adjusted between the walls of the channel 12, if the body-portion of the clamp is forced or sprung inwardly toward the inner wall of the stock by the clamp-screw, all the pressure exerted will be transmitted to the two locking-faces 13′ and 13”, and that the cutter will be securely engaged and maintained in position, as the side edges of the clamp 13 engage against the walls of the guideway and fill the same so that there can be no movement of the clamp until the screw is released.

Pressure upon the cutter during the operation of the plane is transmitted to the clamp in such a way as to be received against the vertical stop-walls of the guide-way 12, and hence the clamp can not work loose.

At the forward end of the outer side of the stock, a channel or guide-way, shown at 16 as disposed substantially perpendicularly to the sole of the plane, is formed, and said channel is provided with a rearwardly-extending re-
cess or countersunk portion 16′, the transverse wall of which is described by a curve which is shown as approximately a semi-circle, but it will be understood that this recess or countersink might be of a different conformation, if desired. The forward end of the stock is shown herein as undercut to thepoint where the channel 7, or cutter-way, intersects the outer face of the plane to the sole of the runner thereof, but for only a portion of this distance.

An auxiliary reversible, member, designated in a general way by R’, and having reversible runners separately adapted to be brought into alignment with the main runner to form therewith a continuous sole, is shown herein as adapted to be seated within said channel or guide-way, and to be maintained against longitudinal movement, relatively to the stock, by the vertical stop walls, 17 and 18, thereof. This auxiliary runner is shown as of partially rectangular outline —
that is to say, it is formed with parallel front and rear walls, and with transverse parallel soles perpendicular to said front and rear walls. Said duplex runner is shown herein as having at each of its upper and lower ends a runner and a sole, designated, respectively, by 19, 19’, 20 and 20′. Each of said, runners is beveled to correspond with the beveled edge of the runner of the stock, one of said beveled faces being shown in Fig. 1. One end of this auxiliary runner is shown herein as of considerable length, and as having a toe-portion or nose, 20”, extending slightly beyond the forward end of the stock in the manner common to side-rabbet-planes as ordinarily constructed. The other end of said duplex runner is shown as having a very short runner formed by undercutting this end of the auxiliary member for a considerable distance, so that when said auxiliary member is secured to the stock in the position shown in Fig. 4, the construction willbe that of a “bull-nose” plane, the toe-portion or nose of which extends under the forward end of the stock and is but slightly in advance of the cutting edge of the bit. In order that said auxiliary runner may be properly positioned, without unnecessary adjustment thereof, I have shown the same as provided herein with an aperture or opening, extending through the same transversely thereof, at a point centrally located with respect to both the vertical, parallel outer walls and the horizontal, parallel outer walls thereof, and as secured to the stock, within the guide-way 16, by a locking device, which is shown herein as a screw 21, passing through the central opening in said stock and into a correspondingly-threaded opening therein, which latter opening is so placed as to be at the same perpendicular distance from the main sole (extended), as is the opening in the auxiliary, duplex runner from the soles 19′ and 20′. It will, be seen, therefore, that, when the auxiliary stock is secured in position by the screw 21, in either of its positions the sole of the corresponding runner will be in exact alignment with the sole of the runner upon the stock. The parallel, vertical walls of the duplex runner are so disposed as to engage snugly against the corresponding, forward and rearward stop-walls of the guide-way 16, so that longitudinal movement of the auxiliary runner, relatively to the stock, is positively prevented.

It will be understood that the laterally-extending recess 16′ is merely to form a seat for the nose 20″, and may be of any desired outline so long as it is of sufficient area to inclose the same; and also, that the outer faces of the stock and the duplex runner, when the parts are assembled form a continuous, plane surface, which presents no obstruction to the surface against which it may be held when the plane is in use, the head of the screw 21 being flush with or sunken below the outer face of the auxiliary runner, and the point of the clamping screw also being flush with the outer face of the stock.

By means of the reversible, auxiliary member just described it will be evident that, by simply removing the screw 21 and reversing the position of said auxiliary member, the plane may be quickly changed from an ordinary rabbet-plane to a “bull-nose” rabbet-plane and vice versa, without changing any of the parts thereof, so that the plane may be readily and quickly adapted for use for smoothing the sides of grooves or cuts which are continuous from end to end of the material being operated upon, or which extend but part-way along the material and are closed at their ends, which latter require a plane having a very short nose extending but slightly in advance of the cutter. It will also be noticed that the rearward, vertical wall of the auxiliary runner closes the throat of the plane and forms the forward wall of said throat in both of its positions.

A perfect convertible-plane is formed by the combination with the main stock of an auxiliary runner of the character described, whereby the plane may be adapted for use either as an ordinary rabbet-plane or as a “bull-nose” rabbet-plane, by the removal and re-setting of a single screw and the member secured thereby.

Having thus described my invention, I claim —

1. In a rabbet-plane, the combination with the stock and its runner, of an auxiliary member adapted to be secured to said stock and to close the throat of the plane and having oppositely-disposed runners separately adapted to be brought into alignment with the main runner upon the stock and form with said runner a continuous sole, substantially as described.

2. In a rabbet-plane, the combination with the stock and its runner, and with the cutter secured to said stock, of an auxiliary member adapted to be secured to the stock and to close the throat of the plane and formed with oppositely-disposed runners having respectively projecting and undercut portions forming auxiliary runners adapted to be separately brought into alignment with the main runner upon the stock and to form therewith a continuous sole, whereby said plane is adapted for use either as an ordinary rabbet-plane or as a “bull-nose” rabbet-plane, substantially as described.

3. In a rabbet-plane, the combination with the stock and its runner, and with the cutter secured to said stock, of a vertically-disposed channel or guide-way at the forward end of said stock, a reversible auxiliary member adapted to be seated in said guide-way and having oppositely-disposed long and short runners separately adapted to be brought adjacent to and to close the throat of the plane, and securing means in position and adapted for securing said auxiliary member in said guideway with the sole of either of its runners in alignment with the main sole of the stock, and thereby adapting the plane for use either as an ordinary rabbet-plane or as a “bull-nose” rabbet-plane, substantially as described.

4. In a rabbet-plane, the combination with a stock having a throat open at its forward side, and with a runner carried by said stock, of a reversible duplex auxiliary runner secured to the stock and adapted in either of its positions to close the throat of the plane and to form with the main runner a continuous runner and sole, and stops carried by said stock and adapted to prevent longitudinal movement of said auxiliary runner relatively to the stock, substantially as described.

5. In a rabbet-plane, the combination with a stock having an obliquely-disposed channel, a cutter mounted therein, and a vertically-disposed guide-way intersecting said channel, of a bridge clamp seated in said guide-way and held therein against movement longitudinally of the stock and having remotely-disposed locking-faces one of which is adapted to engage the rear wall of said guide-way and the other of which is adapted to engage the cutter substantially upon the axial line thereof, and a clamping-screw passed through said clamp and into the stock and adapted to bind said clamp to the cutter, substantially as described.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
FRED. J. DOLE,
FREDERICK A. BOLAND.

No. 528,829 – Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1894)

[paiddownloads id=”510″]528829

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 528,829, dated November 6, 1894.
Application filed April 24, 1894. Serial No. 508,812. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to planes; the object of my present invention being to furnish a plane of peculiar construction and organization having a detachable part, by the removal or replacement of which, the plane may be quickly and practically adapted for use either as a rabbet-plane or as a smooth-plane.

In the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a plan view of a convertible plane embodying my invention, a portion thereof being broken away, the parts being assembled to adapt the plane for use as a smooth-plane. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of a portion of the plane with the side-plate or guard-plate removed, the plane in this condition being adapted for use as a rabbet-plane. Fig. 4 is a vertical cross-section of the plane taken in dotted line a–a, Fig. 2, looking in the direction of the arrow in said figure.

Similar characters designate like parts in all of the figures.

In the drawings I have shown my invention applied to a plane, which in general construction and organization is similar to the ordinary metallic smooth-plane. The main body or rabbet-plane body, of the plane is designated in a general way by B, and consists of the usual base or sole, 3, divided transversely by the mouth 4, forming the front and rear portions 5 and 5′, and the side-walls 6 and 6’, the one 6′ of which is herein shown as divided vertically by the mouth 4, the base or sole 3 being preferably reinforced each side of the mouth 4 by the transverse ribs 7 and 7’. The main body is usually provided at the forward end thereof (shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 as the right hand end) with a knob or handle, 3.

The plane-iron or cutter C which may be supported in any usual manner from below, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, and the clamp-lever D, are, or may be, of any usual construction and organization. The cutter C is shown in the drawings as having its cutting edge in the mouth of the main body and as supported upon a longitudinal rib, 9, having an inclined face coinciding with the inclined face of the reinforced portion 7 of the base, the upper face thereof being engaged by the cutting-edge, while the forward end of the clamp-lever is held in place longitudinally by a screw, 10, extending through the forward end of said lever, through an elongated slot formed in the cutter, and entering the reinforced portion 7’ of the base.

As a means for operating the clamp-lever to clamp the cutter, a screw, 11, is provided which has a screw-threaded bearing at its upper end in the rear end of the clamp-lever, and bears at its lower end upon the rear end of the cutter, said screw usually being provided, in practice, with a wheel or disk for operating the same. It is desired to state in this connection, that these elements just described, i. e. — the cutter and its clamping devices, constitute no part of my present invention, and may be of any usual construction and organization.

As a means for rendering the plane convertible, to adapt the same to be used either as a rabbet-plane or as a smooth-plane, I have provided a guard-plate or suplementary body, G, adapted to be detachably-secured to one side of the main-body so as to cover the open side of the plane and the open end of the mouth 4, and so that the lower edge of said plate will be flush with the bottom edge of said body to guard the cutter, as most clearly shown in Figs. 2 and 3. This plate or body constitutes a guard for the open end of the mouth 4, and when secured in place, as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, adapts the plane for use as a smooth-plane.

As a convenient means for detachably-securing the supplementary body or guard-plate to the side of the main-body, said plate is herein shown provided at opposite ends with laterally-projecting pins,12, adapted for entering holes, 13, drilled in bosses, 14, formed upon the base 3 of the main-body, as clearly shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, said plate being held against lateral displacement by means of set-screws, 15, extending through the bosses 14 and impinging the retaining-pins 12 of the guard-plate. These binding-screws are herein shown as having conical ends which enter recesses formed in the peripheries of the retaining-pins of the guard-plate, and have bearings in screw-threaded transverse or vertical openings formed in the bosses 14. The retaining-pins are herein shown as separate pieces fixed to the guard-plate after the manner of rivets, but it will be obvious that said pins might constitute an integral part of said guard-plate.

The above-described construction and organization constitute an improved tool adapted for use both as a rabbet-plane and a smooth-plane, the usual open-sided mouth being provided for rabbeting when the guard-plate or supplementary plane-body is removed, and the solid, unyielding structure necessary to smooth-planing being formed when said plate or body is fastened in position upon the main-body of the plane. When set in position upon said main-body of the plane, it will be seen that the suplementary body forms the main sole-piece of the plane-body for that side of the plane adjacent to the open-sided mouth; that, by means of its peculiar connection to and organization with the main-body of the plane, said plane is braced in longitudinal direction to prevent yielding thereof, which would tend to impair or destroy the efficiency of the tool for smooth-planing; and that said plate or supplementary body, when in such set position, forms the means for rendering the body of the plane a practically unitary structure, having all the characteristics necessary to perfect operation of a smooth-plane. It will also be evident that the change from a rabbet-plane to a smooth-plane, or vice versa, may be easily and quickly effected, and that, in removing the guard-plate, the holding-devices therefor will be maintained in position upon the stock.

Having thus described my invention, I claim —

1. In a plane, the combination with a main-body having a transverse mouth open at one side of said body, of a plane-cutter extending longitudinally of said body and having a transverse cutter-edge, means for securing said cutter to the plane-body in position for use and with its cutting-edge in the mouth of the main-body, and a supplementary plane-body adapted and provided with means for connection to the open-mouth side of the main-body in fixed relation thereto and having its sole in the plane of the sole of the main-body, whereby the mouth of the main body is closed on one side thereof and the edge of the cutter is guarded, thereby converting the plane into and adapting the same for use as a smooth-plane, substantially as described.

2. In a combined rabbet-and-smooth-plane, the combination of a plane-body having a transverse mouth open at one side of said body, of a plane-cutter extending longitudinally of said body and having a transverse cutting-edge, means for securing said cutter to the plane body in position for use and with its cutting-edge in the mouth of the main-body, a guard-plate covering the open end of said mouth and having its sole in the plane of the sole of the main-body, parallel lateral pins or projections fixedly carried by said guard-plate, parallel recesses in the plane-body inclosing said pins and adapted thereby to maintain a solid connection between the forward and rearward portions of the plane-body and to prevent misalignment of the soles of the plane-body and the guard-plate, and clamping-screws engaging said pins or projections for detachably securing the guard-plate to the plane-body, substantially as described.

3. In a combined rabbet and smooth-plane, the combination of a plane-body having a transverse mouth open at one side of said body, a plane-cutter extending longitudinally of said body and having a transverse cutting-edge, means for securing said cutter to the plane-body in position for use and with its cutting edge in the mouth of the main-body, a guard-plate covering the open end of said mouth and having its sole in the plane of the sole of the plane-body, parallel lateral pins or projections peripherally recessed and fixedly carried by said guard-plate, bosses formed upon said plane-body and having parallel recesses inclosing said pins and adapted thereby to maintain a solid connection between the forward and rearward portions of the plane-body and to prevent misalignment of the soles of the plane-body and the guard-plate, and clamping-screws extending through said bosses and into the recesses thereof and having conical ends for engaging said peripheral recesses in said pins and for detachably securing the guard-plate to the plane-body, substantially as described.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
FRED. J. DOLE,
FREDERICK A. BOLAND.

No. 518,521 – Carpenter’s Plane (William E. Crompton) (1894)

[paiddownloads id=”506″]518521

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLIAM E. CROMPTON, OF PARK CITY, UTAH TERRITORY.

CARPENTER’S PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 518,521, dated April 17, 1894.
Application filed July 14, 1893. Serial No. 480,526. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM E. CROMPTON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Park City, in the county of Summit and Territory of Utah, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carpenters’ Planes; and I do hereby declare the following to beafull, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in planes, and especially to improvements in rabbet planes, and it consists of certain novel features hereinafter described and claimed.

The ordinary rabbet plane cuts a shaving somewhat wider than the plane, and this jams in the sides of the plane, rendering it necessary to stop to remove the same, and causing the inconvenience in working well known to persons skilled in the art. I have discovered that by splitting the shaving longitudinally, or rather by cutting a longitudinal slit in the wood before the shaving is pared oif by the bit, this inconvenience is almost entirely obviated.

My invention will be understood by reference tot he acccompanying drawings, in which the same parts are indicated by the same letters throughout the several views.

Figure 1 represents a longitudinal section of an ordinary form of rabbet plane along the line x’ x’ of Fig. 2, and illustrates the application of my improvement. Fig. 2 represents an inverted plan view of the plane shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 represents an enlarged section along the line x x of Fig. 1, and looking down.

A represents the bottom plate or base of the plane provided with rear handle, sides B, bit C, and the other attachments commonly found in planes. The bottom plate A is slotted as at afor the passage therethrough of the bit C and of the shaving, and is also slotted at a’ to allow the passage of the knife D. The sides B are open as at b to allow the passage of the sides of the shaving.

The knife D is provided with a shoulder d resting on the tip of the spring E which is secured beneath the front handle F, and held in place by the screw G. This knife D is secured in a guide lug K, which lug is rigidly attached to the cross piece H between the sides B of the plane. A screw L is either set in or made integral with the said lug K, and on this screw the thumb wheel M is mounted, having a flange adapted to engage the upper end of the said knife D. It will be seen if the the said thumb wheel M be screwed down, that the knife D will be projected through the bottom of the plane, and that by means of the spring E, and the thumb wheel M, the knife D may be adjusted to the desired position.

The operation of the device is as follows: — The knife D and bit G being projected the required amount, which can only be determined by experiment, the plane is operated in the usual way. The knife D preceding the bit C, splits the surface of the wood in front of the said bit, and then these split parts readily slip or bend over one another, allowing the shaving to pass between the sides of the plane without jamming.

While this invention is particularly applicable to rabbet planes, it will be obvious that it may be used in connection with any of the planes ordinarily in use. In all of such planes, there is a tendency for the shaving to stick in the plane, and this is obviated by the device as already described.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is —

1. In a plane, the combination with a bit of a splitting knife D adjustably mounted in front of said bit, a spring E normally supporting said knife, a guide lug K inclosing the rear sides of said knife, a screw L attached to said lug, and a thumb wheel M adapted to bear on the upper part of said knife, substantially as and for the purposes described.

2. In a plane the combination with the bottom piece A slotted as at a and a’, the rear handle, the front handle F, and screw G, the bit C, the knife D, the spring E, the guide lug K, screw L and thumb wheel M, substantially as and for the purposes described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM E. CROMPTON.

Witnesses:
BISMARCK SNYDER,
WILSON I. SNYDER.

No. 512,147 – Rabbeting-Plane (William Beddows) (1894)

[paiddownloads id=”500″]512147

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLIAM BEDDOWS, OF NOTTINGHAM, ENGLAND.

RABBETING-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 512,147, dated January 2, 1894.
Application filed August 27, 1892. Serial No. 444,288. (No model.) Patented in England January 28, 1892, No. 1,736.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM BEDDOWS, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Nottingham, in the county of Nottingham, England, have invented new and useful Improvements in Rabbeting-Planes, (for which I have obtained a patent in Great Britain and Ireland, No. 1,736, bearing date 28th January, 1892,) of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in side planes or those planes wherein the cutting edge of the iron or bit lies at the side, as contradistinguished from the bottom of the plane stock, and the object of said invention is to provide a plane of the class mentioned which is adapted to smooth the side walls of narrow grooves, quirks and beveled shoulders in wood work and which is constructed in a novel manner, whereby the edge of the iron or bit will give a clear cut, the iron being firmly bedded, fiat, and of a form capable of being sharpened and adjusted in the stock, so as to be used for a long period of time.

To these ends the invention consists in the novel construction and combination of parts hereinafter described and claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, wherein —

Figure 1, is a side elevation of a plane constructed according to my invention. Fig. 2, is an end elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view taken on the line x–x Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a plan view, the iron or bit and its retaining devices being removed. Figs. 5 and 6, illustrate, respectively, a face and an edge view of the plane iron or bit. Fig. 7 is a detail vertical sectional view of the iron or bit retaining plate. Figs. 8 and 9 are, respectively, plan and end views illustrating a different arrangement. Figs. 10, 11 and 12, illustrate, respectively, plan, edge, and end views of a triangular plane iron or bit. Figs. 13 and 14, illustrate, respectively, a side view and a longitudinal section of a construction particularly adapted for curved work. Fig. 15, is a detail transverse sectional view, illustrating another arrangement. Figs. 15a, 16 and 17, illustrate, respectively, a side elevation, an end view and a plan view of a further different arrangement. Figs. 18 and 19, are sectional views, taken, respectively, on the lines 18–18 and 19–19, Fig. 15a.

In said drawings the reference letter a designates the plane stock or body which is substantially triangular in section and of narrow dimensions transversely or in width and which is provided with a vertical working side face, the width of the upper part of the stock being comparatively large, so as to form a firm and strong bed or support for the iron and to give rigidity to the tool, while the lower part is extremely narrow and may be only one-tenth or one-twentieth of an inch in transverse section, so as to permit its entrance into narrow grooves in wood-work, to plane or smoothen the side walls of such grooves. Said stock is provided with an iron or bit-receiving channel b which extends from the top to the bottom of the stock a in an inclined, forward direction, as best shown in Figs. 1, 13, 15a and 20, of the drawings, and which also slants laterally, or extends in a transversely inclined direction from its commencing end b’ to its finishing end f.

In order to employ an iron or bit of flat form and having the advantages above described, in a stock which has an inclined mouth, that is to say, a mouth making any angle say from ten degrees to eighty-nine degrees with the bottom or riding edge of the plane, the iron or bit and its channel or bed are so inclined or canted with respect to the face or side of the plane stock as indicated by the reference letter b3, as to bring the cutting edge of the iron in the mouth when the iron or bit is in place in said channel. This will be better understood by reference to Figs. 1 to 6 and 15 to 19 of the drawings which show stocks with the mouth inclined at angles less than ninety degrees and by reference to Fig. 13, which represents a stock with the mouth at ninety degrees to the bottom or riding edge.

The reference letter c indicates the plane iron or bit having a cutting edge g formed at an angle with the side edge of the said iron or bit, the cutting end being of the same thickness as the remainder of the iron or bit and with a top beveled cutting edge, that is to say, the cutting edge when in place in the mouth slants away from the face, the fiat or unbeveled side of the iron being toward the bed, so that a thin or thick shaving may be produced and the acuteness of the cutting edge increased or decreased in sharpening as desired, the shavings being similar to those produced by ordinary surfacing planes in contradistinction to planes for cutting cigar lighters which have an inclined iron in a more or less rectangular stock and are designed to produce a shaving of a special form, and which cannot be used for surfacing, and which is adapted to be placed in and removed from the channel b, and when in operative position in said channel its cutting edge lies in the rearwardly inclined finishing end f of said channel.

The mouth f of the stock may be at any desired angle with respect to the bottom edge of the plane, the angle being different according as the plane is intended for surfacing soft, fibrous or hard woods, and as it is desired that the iron shall have a more or less shear cut.

The plane iron or bit c is firmly retained in position in the channel b as illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, by means of a retaining plate d which lies over the channel b and is provided with a flange d’ which bears upon the plane iron or bit c when it is forced in the proper direction by the screw e which passes through an orifice in said plate and has a screw-threaded engagement with the plane stock; a, as clearly shown.

In Fig. 15, I have shown the retaining plate held in place by a bolt e’ passing therethrough and through the stock a, a nut e2 engaging the end thereof, by turning which nut the retaining plate is tightened to clamp the plane iron or bit in place, or loosened to permit its removal.

In Figs. 8 and 9, the plane iron or bit c is shown retained in place by means of a wedge h, the retaining plate d, and its screw or bolt being dispensed with. In this construction the upper part of the stock a is enlarged so as to receive the plane iron or bit and wedge, the wedge being driven into place in the channel to forcibly hold the iron or bit within the channel.

In Figs. 10, 11 and 12 a plane iron or bit c’ is shown triangular in cross section so that it will accurately fit and fill the channel b, which is also triangular in cross section.

A plane particularly adapted for curved work is illustrated in Figs. 13 and 14 wherein the dimensions of the bottom edge of the stock a’ are greatly reduced. In these figures I have also shown a different arrangement of devices for retaining the plane iron or bit in place, that is to say, a retaining lever j and thumb screw k, the fulcrum of the lever being a bar, bridge or pivot l, fixed to or cast in one piece with the stock a’, as shown in section Fig. 14.

In Figs. 15a to 19, I have shown other means for retaining the plane iron or bit in place, wherein the letter a indicates the plane stock; b, the channel and c, the plane iron secured in the channel by the retaining block d3 and screw e3 which engages the screw socket in the retaining block d3 and bears at its inner end against the plane iron c.

It will be understood that the degree of inclination possessed by the channel b herein described may be varied to suit different conditions without departing from the scope of my invention, and that a side rabbeting plane having a stock wide at the top and narrow at the bottom so as to be capable of entering narrow grooves and yet forming a strong, firm support for a single, flat or triangular section top beveled adjustable iron or cutter, which lies in the bed of the stock which bed is inclined from top to bottom and also slants transversely of the stock and is capable of being easily clamped or secured in position in said bed, may be made with the bottom or riding edge of various lengths according as the tool is intended for straight or curved work, for rough or fine work, and also that the mode or means of clamping the iron or bit may be varied, the wedge as in Figs. 8 and 9 being preferable for deep narrow grooves and the means shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 13,15, 16, 17, and 18 being more desirable for shallow grooves or large work. For this reason three methods of clamping are shown and described. The plane stock is so shaped at its upper part as to be easily held in the hand of the user.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is —

1. In a plane, the combination with a transversely narrow stock, having a vertical working side face, and provided with a channel which is inclined from top to bottom of the stock and slanted transversely of the stock, and one side wall of which is canted, whereby said channel terminates in a rearwardly inclined opening in the vertical working side face of said stock, of a plane iron located in said channel with its cutting edge lying in a rearwardly inclined direction with respect to the working face of the stock, and means for holding said plane iron in position, substantially as described.

2. In a side rabbet plane, the combination with a channeled plane stock of substantially triangular section and having a slit or mouth in the vertical side face thereof, of a uniform iron or cutter having a top beveled cutting edge angularly to the sides of the iron or cutter, and devices for holding said iron or cutter in position, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM BEDDOWS.

Witnesses:
EDW. D. HEARN, Junr.,
6 Victoria Street, Nottingham.
ISAAC GALE.

No. 496,267 – Plane (Edward Maddox) (1893)

[paiddownloads id=”490″]496267

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

EDWARD MADDOX, OF VICTORIA, CANADA.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 496,267, dated April 25, 1893.
Application filed August 3, 1892. Serial No. 442,089. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD MADDOX, of Victoria, Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention contemplates certain new and useful improvements in planes, and has for its object the production of a cheap, simple and highly efficient plane in which the cutting blade can be readily and easily adjusted and firmly held at any desired point.

The invention comprises a plane having its stock or body provided with an opening an adjustable cutting-blade, a screw in engagement with a threaded portion of said blade for effecting the adjustment thereof, a spring closing the rear portion of said opening and bearing on said blade, and a locking plate or lever having a short arm designed to bear upon and lock said spring, substantially as hereinafter fully set forth and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings: — Figure 1 is a view in perspective of my improved plane. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view thereof, on the line x–x, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a view of the binding spring removed.

Referring to the drawings, A designates the stock or body which is preferably formed of metal and is hollowed or chambered; and a is the ordinary opening, terminating at its lower end in a transverse slot a’.

B is a screw-rod or spindle, provided with a threaded portion b, an inner reduced end b’, and a milled head b2, which is on the outer end of said spindle outside of the rear end of stock or body A, said spindle being projected through a hole or opening in said end. The forward reduced end b’ of screw-rod B is supported by an apertured cross-plate or partition b3 formed with stock A.

C is the cutting blade, having a forward widened cutting end d, and provided with grooves or disconnected threads d’ on the under side of its shank corresponding to the threaded portion of screw-rod B, which engages therewith. By turning this screw rod the cutting end of the blade can be made to project over or withdrawn from the transverse slot a’, according to the position to which it is desired to adjust the blade.

D is the binding spring, having an upper short arm d2 and a lower long arm d3, said arms being connected together by a curved portion d4 which closes the upper, rear portion of the opening a. The upper end of this connecting portion is designed to fit against a shoulder d5 of inclined wall d6 of stock or body A. The arm d2 is slightly bent or curved downward, while the lower arm d3 has a central bulge or curved portion d7.

E is a locking plate or lever, which comprises a bent or curved arm e and an inner angular, short arm e’. This locking plate or lever is pivotally connected by a cross-pin e2 projected through stock A, between the sides of which the curved arm e snugly fits when the locking plate or lever is closed. A shoulder or off-set e3 is formed on the upper, inner end of arm e’, and the same is designed to engage the outer end of the upper arm of spring D and force the same upward, while the outer end of short arm e’, when the locking plate or lever is closed, binds firmly down upon the curved or bulged portion of the lower arm of said spring. Thus by means of the locking plate or lever the cutting blade can be firmly bound at any point, its adjustment being effected by the turning of the screw-rod when said locking plate is opened, so as to relieve the spring pressure.

The advantages of my invention are apparent to those skilled in the art to which it appertains. It will be seen that I have produced a plane which is simple; inexpensive; and free from all complications; and one in which the cutting blade can be readily adjusted to any desired position and firmly held at any point to which so adjusted.

I claim as my invention —

1. The herein-described improved plane, comprising the hollow stock or body having central opening, the cutting blade having grooves or disconnected threads in its under side, the inclined screw-rod located in and inclosed by said stock or body and having its spindle extended beyond said stock or body, the binding spring also inclosed by said stock or body and the locking plate or lever, pivotally secured to said stock or body and designed to engage and bind said spring, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of the stock or body having a central opening, the adjustable cutting blade, and the binding spring bearing on said blade and having a curved portion inclosing the rear portion of said opening, substantially as set forth.

3. The herein-described improved plane, comprising the stock or body having a central opening, the cutting blade having threads, the rod or spindle having a threaded portion in engagement with said threads of the cutting blade, the spring closing the rear portion of said opening and having upper and lower curved arms, the latter bearing on said cutting blade, and the locking plate or lever fulcrumed between the sides of said stock or body and having its short arm provided with a shoulder or off-set designed to engage said upper arm of said spring, said arm at its lower end engaging said lower arm of said spring substantially as set forth.

4. The herein-described improved plane, comprising the stock or body having a central opening, the cutting blade, means for adjusting the same, the spring having upper and lower curved arms and a curved connecting portion designed to close the rear portion of said opening in the stock or body, and the locking plate or lever fulcrumed between the sides of said stock or body and having short arms designed to engage the arms of said spring and bind the latter, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EDWARD MADDOX.

Witnesses:
OAK P. MYERS,
GEORGE McCAULAY.

No. 469,688 – Attachment For Planes (Addison J. Ferris) (1892)

[paiddownloads id=”484″]469688

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ADDISON J. FERRIS, OF EAST HAMPTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

ATTACHMENT FOR PLANES.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 469,688, dated March 1, 1892.
Application filed April 13, 1891. Serial No. 388,672. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ADDISON J. FERRIS, a citizen of the United States, residing at East Hampton, in the county of Hampshire and State of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Attachments for Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates or has reference to improvements in planes which are especially designed for finishing rabbeted portions of wood-work and which planes are provided with adjustable gages to accord with the depths of diderent rabbets; and the object of the invention is to improve the device for the purpose indicated, whereby the same may be most readily applied on the stock of almost any ordinary plane, and whereby when so applied it is capable of being most readily or conveniently and minutely adjusted, and when so adjusted it may be maintained against derangement, and also whereby all the parts forming the gage to be applied on the plane may be so united or engaged that even when not applied on the plane they are to all intents and purposes a single fixture, the components of which are not liable to detachment or loss.

The invention consists in the construction and combination of parts, all substantially as will hereinafter more fully appear, and be set forth in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings the present improvements are fully illustrated, Figure 1 being a side view of a plane with the gage applied thereon. Fig. 2 is a plan of the bottom of the plane and of the gage, while Fig. 3 is an end view and partial vertical section of the plane and gage, taken on line 3 3, Fig. 2, said parts being shown as in working relation to a rabbeted piece of stock as used fora door or window casing. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a portion of the plane-stock, showing the same as recessed for the reception of the gage attachment; and Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the gage attachment removed from the plane.

In the drawings, A represents the gage attachment, which, as specially illustrated, consists of a carrier-plate a, provided at its upper end with an angularly-extended portion b, vertically bored, as at d, and said carrier-plate is vertically slotted, as at f which slot is open to the bottom of the plate. The vertical screw g passes freely through the said bore or perforation d and lies alongside of and within the said carrier-plate and is prevented against endwise movement relative to the plate by the fixed thumb piece or head h, above the part b and the collar or nut j below the same.

m represents the gage, which is necked or formed notched intermediately of its opposing edges, as at i, so that the middle of the gage part may be entered in the slot between the side portions of the carrier-plate a, so that a lug or extension at of the gage mlies inside of the plate a and, being bored and tapped, has an engagement with the screw.

It will be seen that, due to the construction of the parts substantially as above set forth, the gage-block has a movable and sliding engagement with relation to the edges of the slot forming the guideway therefor.

The plane-stock B is in its side recessed, as at k, said recess extending from a short distance from the bottom face of the plane-stock to the top thereof, and the said recess at its borders and at the top is provided with the rabbets or rests l l, so that the carrier-plate a may be let within and disposed flush with the sides and top of the stock, nothing projecting outwardly beyond the stock in any direction except the gage proper m and the operating thumb-head. The plate is secured to the plane-stock by the screws o o. On desiring to adjust the gage m so that it will be brought and firmly held on the side of the plane-stock at a greater or less distance from the bottom face of the plane, such may readily and positively be effected by simply turning the screw by its head more or less in the one or the other direction to accord with the depth of the rabbet in the material which is to be finished up.

I therefore claim —

1. The combination, with the plane-stock having the recess in its side, of the carrier-plate a, with the longitudinal slot f and provided with the angularly-extended member b, with the aperture d, the gage m, having the neck guided by the edges of said slotway and provided with the lug n, and the screw g, passed freely through said aperture d and, while freely rotatable, held against endwise movement and having a screw engagement with said lug, all substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. An attachment for planes, consisting of the carrier-plate a, having the slot f extending longitudinally from one end thereof and having the angular portion b, with the aperture d, the block having the notched edges i, which have a movable and sliding engagement with the borders of said slot, and said block comprising the gage m and the lug n, which latter has a screw-opening, and the screw g, loosely passed through the aperture h and provided with the thumb-head h and the collar j and having a screw engagement with the said lug n, substantially as deserihed, for the purpose set forth.

ADDISON J. FERRIS.

Witnesses:
WM. S. BELLOWS,
G. M. CHAMBERLAIN.

No. 434,361 – Plane (Ole O. Skattebo) (1890)

[paiddownloads id=”464″]434361

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

OLE O. SKATTEBO, OF HANNAFORD, NORTH DAKOTA,
ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO JORGEN HANSON, OF SAME PLACE.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 434,361, dated August 12, 1890.
Application filed March 8, 1890. Serial No. 343,098. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OLE O. SKATTEBO, of Hannaford, in the county of Griggs and State of North Dakota, have invented a new and Improved Plane, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in carpenters’ planes; and the object of my invention is to provide a plane that will be equally efficient as a square or bevel plane, and that may be readily converted from one to the other, and also to provide a plane in which a great variety of tools may be inserted, so that the plane maybe used for matching, rabbeting, grooving, rounding, beading, and the like.

To this end my invention consists in a plane constructed substantially as hereinafter described and claimed.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a plan view of the plane; Fig. 2, a side elevation of the same with a portion of the guide-plate broken away; Fig. 3, an end view of the device as adjusted for a square plane, but with the guide-strip removed; Fig. 4, an end view of the same adjusted for a bevel-plane; Fig. 5, an end view of the plane adjusted for rabbet-work; Fig. 6, a side elevation of one of the separable parts of the plane with a portion of one hinge in section; Fig. 7, a detailed view of the pintle of the plane-hinges; Figs. 8 and 9, side elevations of the strips used for matching and rabbeting; Fig. 10, a transverse section on the line x x, of Fig. 8; Fig. 11, a detail view in elevation of the grooving-knife; Fig. 12, a perspective view of the grooving-guide; Fig. 13, a perspective view of the rounding or molding guide; Fig. 14, a front elevation of a corresponding knife for same, and Fig. 15 a perspective view of a ripping-guide.

The body or frame of the plane consists of two longitudinally-separable parts A and B, which are so hinged together by hinges a, near the ends thereof, that they may be placed at various angles with each other. The hinges a are attached to the inner edge of the part A, which carries the planer-knives, and to the upper edge of the part B, so that when the parts are shut closely together, the part B will shut against theinner edge of the part A, so as to project downwardly at right angles with the same. The hinges a are also provided with a removable pintle b, which fits in the knuckles a’ of the hinges, and which is screw-threaded at the end to engage a similar thread upon the interior of the inner knuckle of the hinges, so that the pintle may be easily removed and the parts A and B of the frame separated.

The parts A and B are each provided with a suitable handle A’ B’, by which the plane may be pushed or pulled, as the case may be, and with upwardly-extending braces A2 and B2, which fit closely together, and which are provided with corresponding holes d, through which extend the curved arms D or straight arms D’, said arms being attached to the braces B2 by the screws e, which fit a screw-thread in the ends of said arms, and being retained in the braces A2 by the binding-screws f which project through from the top of said braces and impinge upon said arms, so that the parts A and B are adjustably connected by the arms D and D’ and their attaching-screws.

In order that there may be no movement whatever between the parts A and B when adjusted by the straight bars, I provide other openings d’ below and between the upper openings d, one of said openings d’ being shown in Fig. 2 and 5. The lower bar D’ passes through said opening d’.

The part A of the frame is provided with the usual slide E, in which a knife F is inserted, with a set-screw g, which projects through the slide and holds the knife in position therein, and with a slot E’, through which the knife extends below the bottom of the plane. The part A is also provided upon the bottom with a longitudinal groove or recess H, which extends the entire length thereof, in which the various guides are inserted, as hereinafter described, and with screws h, which project through the wall of said groove, by means of which the guides are retained in the groove.

Attached to the inner side of the part B is the vertically-adjustable guide-plate J, which is of the same length as the part B and extends below the lower edge thereof. It serves as a guide to the plane, and is attached to the part B of the frame by the screws i, which project through vertical slots j in the plate into the side of the part B, so that by loosening said screws the plate may be easily adjusted upon the frame.

When a square edge is to be planed, the parts A and B of the frame are locked together, so that they will be at right angles with each other, as best shown in Fig. 3, and the plane is used as an ordinary square-edge plane. When a beveled edge is to be planed, the curved arms D are inserted in the holes d, and the parts are swung apart upon their hinges till the desired bevel is obtained, when they are retained in this position by tightening the binding-screws f upon the arms D. This position is best shown in Fig. 4. The plane is then used as an ordinary bevel-plane. To facilitate the adjustment to any bevel, the curved arms D should be marked off into degrees, and then when the proper degree is indicated upon the arms they may be secured in position as desired.

If the plane is to be used as a matching-plane, the guide-strips K and K’, which are of about the width of the groove to be planed, are inserted in the groove H in front of and behind the slot E’. A suitable narrow knife is inserted in the slide E so as to project down between the guide-strips K and K’, and the plane is used as an ordinary matching-plane. If a tongue is to be cut, the guide-strips K and K’ are removed and a suitable knife for tongue-planing inserted in the slide E.

If the plane is to be used as a rabbet-plane, the curved arms are removed from the holes d and the straight arms D’ inserted, the pintle b is removed from the hinges a, and the plane will then be laterally adjustable. The arms D’ are held in a desired position by the binding-screws f in the same way that the arms D are secured, and the arms should be marked off into fractions of an inch, that they may be easily adjusted. The guide-strip K’ and the guide-strip K, which is provided with a vertically-adjustable knife l, which is attached thereto by a screw m, projecting through a slot l’ thereof, are inserted in the groove H and held by the screws h. A suitable knife is inserted in the slide E, and the plane is ready for rabbet-work. In using it as a rabbet-plane and for other similar work the distance of the knife from the edge of the board is regulated by the arms D’ and binding-screws f as the part B of the frame, which extends down the side of the board, may be brought as near to the part A as desired, and is secured in that position, as described. When used for rabbet-work, the knife l will project a desired distance below the guide-strip K, and, entering the board to be planed, will cut a smooth surface for the shoulder of the rabbet.

In Figs. 11 and 12 I have shown a knife and guide for grooving. The guide L is provided with an upwardly-projecting tongue L’, which fits into the groove H of the plane, is held therein by the screws h, and is provided with a rounding lower face corresponding with the groove to be planed. The knife L2 has a convex edge corresponding to the shape of the lower surface of the guide L. It is inserted in the slide E of the plane in the usual manner, and the plane is used as an ordinary grooving-plane.

In Figs. 13 and 14 I have shown a knife and guide for rounding or molding. The guide M is provided with a tongue M’ which fits the groove H, and which is used in the same way as the grooving-guide. The rounding-guide, however, is provided with a concave lower surface and the plane with a corresponding knife M2, having a concave cutting-edge.

When the plane is to be used as a ripping-plane, the ripping-guide N, having a narrow edge N’, is secured in the groove H, a suitable ripping-knife is inserted in the slide E, and the plane is used as a ripping-plane.

I might show many more tools that could be used with the plane; but without going further into details it is evident that by making a suitable guide to fit the groove H and providing a corresponding knife the plane may be used to produce almost any form.

It will be seen from the foregoing description that a person by having a plane as described, with the accompanying guides and knives, can do the work now performed by a great many separate planes.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. A plane consisting in a stock or knife-carrying portion, a longitudinal guide adapted to be held parallel with or at any desired angle to the said stock, a separable hinge-joint to connect the two parts when the guide is to be held at an angle, and interchangeable rods and set-screws for holding the guide parallel with or at an angle to said stock, substantially as set forth.

2. A plane consisting, essentially, of two longitudinally-separable parts, the knife-carrying part having a longitudinal slot in the bottom thereof, in which any desired form of guide maybe inserted, and having a suitable slide in which a knife may be secured to match said guide, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with the plane A B, the part A having a longitudinal groove in the bottom thereof, as shown, of the rabbet-guide K, adapted to fit in said groove, and having a vertically-adjustable knife l affixed thereto to cut the shoulder of the rabbet, substantially as described.

OLE O. SKATTEBO.

Witnesses:
MARTIN MOSSING,
ERIK AUSTAD.