Tag: Blade Adjustment

No. 1,331,280 – Carpenter’s Plane (Edmund A. Schade) (1920)

[paiddownloads id=”724″]1331280

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

EDMUND A. SCHADE, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE &
LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

CARPENTER’ S PLANE.

_________________

1,331,280. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Feb. 17, 1920.
Application filed November 6, 1919. Serial No. 336,122.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDMUND A. SCHADE, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at New Britain, Connecticut, have invented new and useful Carpenters’ Planes, of which the following is a specification.

The main object of my invention is to provide a simple, rigid construction in which the blade is so supported that it may be readily adjusted to vary the cutting depth and yet so that the blade may be readily removed and replaced in its proper position without changing the adjustment. Another object is to maintain the parallelism of the cutting edge of the cutter when adjusting the depth of cut.

In its preferred form the body of the plane is of metal and provided with a guide frame rigidly secured to the body. The cutter is provided with a detachable clamp block by means of which it is guided in the frame. The adjustment is effected by a screw coacting with the guide frame and the clamp block. A cap member holds the cutter in position.

Figure 1, is a side view of a plane embodying the improvements of my invention.

Fig. 2, is a longitudinal sectional view on the plane of the line 2–2 of Fig. 3 on a larger scale than Fig. 1.

Fig. 3, is a transverse sectional view on the plane of the line 3–3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4, is a fragmentary plan view of the parts of the body of the plane embodying my improvements.

Fig. 5, is a detail plan view of the guide frame, detached.

Fig. 6, is a detail view showing the underside of the cutter and the clamp block.

Fig. 7, is a plan view of a cap member.

Fig. 8, is a bottom view of the cap member.

The body 10 of the plane is preferably of metal and in the form shown is provided with a front handle 11 and a rear handle 12. Just in rear of the slot or throat 13, is located an inclined seat 14 between the side flanges 15, 15. Above and to the rear of this seat are seats 16, 16. On these seats 14 and 16 is mounted the guide frame 17, the lower end of which rests on the seat 14 by which it is secured for instance, by means of a screw 18, the head of which is in the recess 19. The sides of this frame 17 are secured to the seats 16, 16 of the body by suitable rivets or screws such as 20, 20, so that the guide frame 17 is rigidly held in place braced between the seat 14 above the sole of the plane and the side flanges 15, 15. Below the guide frame the plane is provided with an inclined seat 21 which forms a continuation of the inclined upper face of the guide frame 17 for supporting the cutter 22.

Attached to the cutter is a block 23 adapted to slide up and down in the opening 24 in the guide frame 17. This block is secured to the cutter by means of an upper piece 25 and the screw 26 which passes through one of the slots such as 27 in the cutter. A thumbscrew 28 which has a threaded engagement with a lug 29 of the guide frame 17 has a grooved tip 30 which engages a forked part 31 on the block 23, so that by rotating the thumbscrew 28 the block 23 and cutter 22 may be adjusted up and down on the inclined seat formed by the guide frame 17 and the part 21 of the body of the plane.

The detachable cap is made up of the two parts 32 and 33 held together by screws such as 34 passing through the slots such as 35. A cross rod 36 connects the two sides of the plane just above the cutter and spaced apart from it sufliciently to permit of introduction of the cap member. The cap member is provided with a shoulder 37 adapted to limit the downward movement of the cap member. The under side of the cap member is recessed at 38 to allow for the clamp piece 25. A thumb screw 39 is adjustable through the cap member for clamping the parts tightly in place.

To remove the cutter it is simply necessary to retract the screw 39, lift out the cap member, whereupon the cutter and the block 23 may be lifted out without affecting the adjustment of the screw 28. To replace the cutter is simply necessary to insert its lower end below the cross rod 36 and drop the forked part 31 of the block 23 over the lower end of the adjusting screw 28, which brings the cutter into exactly the same position which it was before.

It is to be noted that the guide frame which carries the adjusting screw 28 is supported from the sole and side flanges by means of three securing elements 18, 20, 20 thus giving a rigid three point support and insuring against danger of the parts becoming displaced either accidentally or through wear. These seats being relatively small and projecting from the adjacent metal of the body can be readily and accurately finished.

I claim :–

1. A plane comprising a body having a sole and side flanges, a guide frame fitted between said flanges, means passing through said frame at the lower end rigidly securing said frame to said sole, and means passing through said flanges and into said frame for rigidly securing the upper part of said frame to said flanges.

2. A plane comprising a sole and side flanges projecting upwardly from the sole, a guide frame secured near one end to said sole and at another portion to one side flange.

3. In a plane having a sole and side flanges projecting upwardly from said sole, a guide frame secured to said sole and to the side flanges for securing a rigid three point support for the guide frame in the plane body.

4. ln a plane having a sole and side flanges projecting upwardly from said sole, a guide frame between said side flanges, and means passing through said side flanges and into said guide frame for securing the latter in place.

EDMUND A. SCHADE.

No. 1,221,436 – Plane (John W. Gaede) (1917)

[paiddownloads id=”717″]1221436

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN W. GAEDE, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

PLANE.

_________________

1,221,436. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Apr. 3, 1917.
Application filed April 7, 1915. Serial No. 19,824.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that T, JOHN W. GAEDE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates generally to planes, and particularly to that class of such devices comprising a main body portion having the usual face provided with a throat, together with a bit and cap structure comprising a bit, a cap and clamping means carried by the cap and engaging in a suitable recess in the bit and arranged in a manner such that it may clamp the parts in place on the body portion on the one hand, and it may be released to free the cap and plate from the body portion but still maintain engagement between the two until these parts are removed entirely from the plane, the arrangement of these parts being such that when they are replaced in the plane the previous adjustment of the bit with respect to the cap and the body of the plane is not disturbed.

The invention may be further briefly summarized as consisting in the construction and combination of parts hereinafter set forth in the following description, drawings and claims.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the plane broken away to show the bit and the adjacent parts in section; Fig. 2 is a top plan view; Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view showing the bit and cap partially removed; Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view showing the arrangement for holding the clamping screw in place; and Fig. 5 is a detail sectional view of the arc-shaped guides and cylindrical slide.

In carrying out the invention any preferred form and construction of parts may be employed so long as they possess the necessary characteristics, but I have shown one arrangement in the drawings, and in such embodiment the plane body comprises a base 1 having upwardly extending side flanges 2. The base 1 is provided with a smooth under-surface 3, and this surface is interrupted at the usual point by the throat opening 4. Just forward of this opening is an upwardly extending web 5 extending from one side flange 2 to the other and to the rear of this opening is another upwardly extending web 6 for a purpose to be described. The rear face 7 at the rear of the throat opening 4 is beveled as is usual in devices of this character. Extending from one side flange 2 to the other is a pin or rod 8 and it is between this rod and the upper edge of the web 6 that the bit and cap are located and clamped.

The bit 9 is provided with a cutting edge 10 and a longitudinally extending row of perforations 11 in its upper face. Above this bit 9 is the cap 12 provided with a tapered end portion 13 engaging on the top of the bit and having a transverse recess 14 for receiving the pin or rod 8. The cap is also provided at the back end with an upwardly extending cylindrical portion 15 which is out away at the rear, as shown in Fig. 2, and for a purpose which will be described. This cylindrical portion is also cut away at the front, thus forming two arc-shaped guides, and these guides receive a cylindrical block 16 which has a lower flange 17 for holding the block from moving upward through the arc-shaped guides. The block is held in place by an upper plate 18 secured thereto by screws 19. The cylindrical block 16 is slotted at 20 in a radial direction to receive a sliding block 21 which is provided with a threaded shank 22 engaging in a threaded opening 23 in the end of a screw shank 24 threaded into an opening in the cylindrical block 16, as is clearly shown in Fig. 1. This threaded shank 24 forms a part of an adjusting screw 25 provided with a knurled finger piece 26. The sliding block 21 is provided with an opening 27 for the reception of a shank 28 of a clamping screw 29 which is provided with a finger piece 30 at one end, and a tip 31 for engagement in the opening 11. The clamping screw 29 passes through a slot 32 in the plate 18, and this slot is less in width than the diameter of the threaded shank 28 so that when the plate 18 is in place the clamping screw may not be removed from the sliding block 21. It will be seen from the foregoing that when the clamping screw is forced downward with its tip in one of the recesses 11, the cap plate will be forced against the pin 8 and the bit will be forced against the upper edge of the web 6, with the result that the parts will be held firmly in place, it being possible, however, to adjust the bit by operating the adjusting screw 25 and to shift the plate laterally by swinging the adjusting screw from one side to the other, the block 16 turning in arc-shaped guides formed by the cylindrical portion 15.

It will also be noticed that when the bit and cap are to be removed, the clamping screw is released, and the cap and bit may be removed bodily and may be returned to position without the adjustment of the parts being affected.

Having described my invention, I claim:–

1. A plane having a bit support, an abutment opposite said support and forming therewith a seat, bit and cap members cooperating as a unit and lying in said seat, and bit and cap securing and interengaging devices carried by said unit for securing the unit in its seat and arranged to unpreventably maintain the assembled relation of the bit and cap while in their seat and until complete removal of the unit from said seat.

2. In a plane, a main body portion having a throat and a support for holding the bit member in its working plane, an abutment opposite said support and spaced therefrom, a bit member and a cap member lying in the space between the abutment and support, and means carried by said members for expanding them between the abutment and support in a direction normal to the plane of the bit and thereby securing them in place, said means being arranged to produce and unpreventably maintain interengaging relation between said members until removed together from said body portion.

3. A plane, comprising a body having a throated base, a bit support, and a rod opposite said support, a bit resting on said support and entering said throat and provided with a recess, a cap lying on said bit and having a seat to receive said rod, and a clamping screw carried by said cap and entering said recess, said screw when turned in one direction clamping the bit and cap in place, and means for preventing withdrawal of said screw from said recess while the bit and cap are in place in the body, whereby the bit and cap must be removed and inserted as a unit.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN W. GAEDE.

Witnesses:
ALTON H. BEMIS,
A. L. LORD.

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Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,213,552 – Plane (William E. Sparks) (1917)

[paiddownloads id=”716″]1213552

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLIAM E. SPARKS, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO SARGENT &
COMPANY, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

1,213,552. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Jan. 23, 1917.
Application filed July 9, 1913. Serial No. 778,082.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, WILLIAM E. SPAKS, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to planes, and more particularly to a novel construction of sheet metal planes.

Certain features of my improvements are especially applicable to planes of the smaller sizes which are known as pocket planes or toy planes, but the invention is not limited in this particular.

The primary object which I have in view is the provision of a light, handy, efficient and durable plane, in which the number of parts is reduced to a minimum, and which can be readily and cheaply manufactured.

To this and other ends, the invention consists in the novel features and combinations of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane embodying my improvements, Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the same, Fig. 3 is a section on line 3–3 of Fig. 2, Fig. 11 is a front end elevation of the plane, Fig. 5 is a rear end elevation thereof, Fig. 6 is a section on line 6–6 of Fig. 1, Fig. 7 is a top plan view of the frog, detached, Fig. 8 is a top plan view of the clamp, and Fig. 9 is a bottom plan view of the clamp.

Referring to the drawing, the body or stock 10 is of the usual channeled form and it is preferably constructed of sheet metal. The frog 11 has the usual relation with respect to the throat 12 and said frog is constructed of a sheet metal plate 11a having downturned side portions 11b fitted within and against the side walls of the stock. In order to secure the frog firmly in place in the stock, it is necessary to employ only two fastening members such as the rivets 13, 14. These rivets pass through the extensions 11b of the frog into and through the respective side walls of the stock. It will be noted from a comparison of Figs. 1 and 3 that the rivets 13, 14 are out of line with each other whereby any turning or rotary movement of the frog relatively to the stock is absolutely prevented simply by the use of these two fastening members, one associated with each of the side walls of the stock.

At the rear of the frog the same is provided with integral downturned lugs 15, 16 provided with threaded perforations for the shank 17 of the adjusting screw 18. The cutter or bit 19 is supported on the frog 11 in the usual manner and it is of customary form except for the fact that its rear extremity is provided with a transverse slot 20 to receive the milled head 21 of the adjusting screw 18. The peripheral portion of the head 21 extends through the slot 20 for a slight distance, and as the adjusting screw is turned, the head thereof will turn freely in the slot 20 thereby advancing or retracting the cutter 19 according to the direction in which the screw is rotated. ln other words, the slot 20 in fitting over the head 21 interlocks the cutter and the adjusting screw against relative longitudinal displacement while permitting the rotation of the screw relatively to the cutter.

The frog 11 carries a pivot or stud 22, and the cutter is provided with the usual slot to fit over this stud 22. The clamp 23 consists of a sheet metal plate having downturned edges 24 and a keyhole slot 25 adapted to cooperate with the stud 22 in the usual manner. At the rear extremity of the clamp 23, the same is provided with a threaded socket 26 through which a clamping screw 27 passes into engagement with the upper surface of the cutter or bit. The cooperation between the clamping screw 27, the clamp 23, the stud 22, and the bit 19 is more or less usual and need not be further described.

In order to afford a convenient and handy grip for the workman, the stock is provided at the rear end with a palm rest 28. This consists of an upwardly directed sheet metal plate having a convex rear surface and forwardly extending lugs 29 fitting between and against the side walls of the stock. The palm rest is substantially U-shaped in cross-section, the upper edge 28a being rounded and the lower edge 28b straight and horizontal and fitting snugly against the top surface of the bed of the stock. The lugs or extensions 29 are secured to the side walls of the stock by rivets 30, 31 or similar fastening members. The rivets 30, 31 are offset from each other as in the case of the rivets 13, 14 so that turning movement of the palm rest relatively to the stock is absolutely prevented without the employment of additional fastening means, Preferably, the forwardly and upwardly curved plate 28 forming the palm rest is located at the rear extremity of the plane body or stock, and is spaced from the frog and cutter located at the intermediate part of the stock so that the adjusting screw may be located between the palm rest and cutter. The rear surface of the palm rest curves forwardly in order to fit the palm of the operator, and the form of the palm rest is such that it merges from a shallow U-shaped cross-section near the top into a deeper U-shaped cross section at the bottom where the forwardly directed extensions 29 are provided.

I do not claim herein the combination with a stock having upright side walls, of a frog comprising a sheet metal plate having integral downturned side members secured to the side walls of the stock, and integral downtnrned lugs for the bit adjusting screw, one of said lugs being struck out from the rear edge of the frog, and the other being struck out of an opening at the intermediate portion of the frog, as claimed in my co-pending application, Serial No. 778,083.

Without limiting myself to the construction shown, I claim:

1. In a plane, the combination of a stock having side walls presenting a channeled cross-section, a member fitting within the stock and having side walls abutting the respective first-named walls, and means of connection between each side wall of said member and the adjacent side wall of the stock, said two means of connection being located ont of line with each other; substantially as described.

2. In a plane, the combination of a stock having parallel side walls, a sheet metal member having bent-up extensions at the sides fitting within and against said side walls, and a rivet securing each of said extensions to the corresponding side wall of the stock, said rivets being out of line with each other; substantially as described.

3. In a plane, the combination of a stock having upright side walls, a palm rest composed of a plate resting at its lower edge on the bed of the stock and having forwardly directed extensions or lugs at the sides, and a rivet securing each extension or lug to the respective side walls of the stock, said rivets being out of line with each other; substantially as described.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand on the 5th day of July, 1913.

WILLIAM E. SPARKS.

Witnesses:
JOHN H. SHAW,
BERTHA RAY.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
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No. 1,192,849 – Bench Plane (John F. Bridges) (1916)

[paiddownloads id=”713″]1192849

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN F. BRIDGES, OF ALAMEDA, CALIFORNIA.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

1,192,849. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Aug. 1, 1916.
Application filed June 15, 1914. Serial No. 845,206.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN F. BRIDGES, citizen of the United States, residing at Alameda, in the county of Alameda and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in bench planes; and as its primary object contemplates a sectional plane wherein means is provided for vertically adjusting one of the said sections relatively to the blade to in this manner vary the depth of the cut and simultaneously enlarging or diminishing the chip throat.

A further object of the invention is to provide improved and simplified means for adjusting the blade relatively to the operating surface of the plane stock.

The above and additional objects are accomplished by such means as are illustrated in their preferred embodiment in the accompanying drawings, described in the following specification and then more particularly pointed out in the claims which are appended hereto and form a part of this application.

In describing my invention in detail reference will be had to the accompanying drawings wherein like characters denote like or corresponding parts throughout the several views, and in which :–

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a bench plane constructed in accordance with the present invention; Fig. 2 is a top plan view, partly broken away; Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the plane as shown in Fig. 2; and Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view, the back face of the blades and bed plates being shown in elevation.

Referring now to the drawings by numerals, 1 and 2 designate respectively the plane sections, the said sections forming the stock or body of the tool. A partition 3 is formed integrally with plane section 2 at its forward end, the partition having formed integrally therewith a screw block 4. Angular extensions 5 are formed integrally with the plane section 2, the said extensions 5 being formed, one at each side of the said sections, and disposed to extend inwardly as shown to advantage in Fig. 2 whereby to form vertical grooves or guide ways 6 within which angular extensions 7 integral with a partition 8 of plane section 1 is fitted, this arrangement holding the said two sections together; preventing lateral and longitudinal movement of the said two sections; yet permitting, as will hereinafter appear, vertical adjustment of plane section 1 relatively to the said section 2 for the purpose of varying the depth of the cut made by the tool.

Partition 8 is enlarged at its base as indicated at 9, the enlargement having formed therein a threaded recess 10, said recess receiving the threaded shank 11 of an operating screw designated 12, said screw having a single spirally coiled thread adapted for engagement with the groove therefor in screw block 4. An opening 14 is formed in said partition 8, said opening providing an operating space for the said screw 12.

A suitable bed plate 15 is carried by plane section 2, the said plates being disposed at an angle of approximately 45° and formed integrally with a web-like support 16 attached as indicated at 17 to lugs 18 integral with the base of section 2.

The blade 19, of the plane, is longitudinally slotted in a manner common to the art and is held in place against bed plate 15 and against an enlargement 20 of the plane base through the medium of an attaching plate 21, said plate having associated therewith a cam lever 22 pivoted as at 23 to the plate 21, the head 24 of the cam lever being adapted for frictional engagement with the top or forward face of the blade 19 to serve as a means whereby the said blade is held immovable relatively to the bed plate 15 and the fastening plate 21 in firm frictional engagement with a retaining screw 25 operating within a slot 26 of the plate 21 and extending through blade 19, said plate 15, and into an enlargement 26′ of the web-like support 16 above mentioned. The cutting edge of the blade 19 extends beneath the operating surface of the plane through an opening or transverse slot 27 formed at the forward end of plane section 2 and at the base of partition 3 thereof.

When it is desired that the depth of cut be varied to a small degree, operating screw 12 is partially rotated through manipulation of handle 28 forming a part thereof, causing plane section 1 to move vertically relatively to plane section 2, thus exposing a greater portion of the blade 19 to view. Should such adjustment prove insuflicient, and greater adjustment be desired, cam lever 22 is raised to remove attaching plate 21 out of frictional engagement with retaining screw 25 and blade 19 out of frictional engagement with bed plate 15, in which event, blade 19 is adjusted vertically as desired. When adjusted, cam lever 22 is again forced into the position shown in Fig. 3, retaining screw 25 having been previously adjusted, such forced movement of the said lever causing the attaching plate 21 to again frictionally engage the retaining screw and the blade 19 to remain immovable relatively to the said plate 15 of the plane.

A knob 29 and a handle 30 are made fast to the respective sections 1 and 2 of the plane in a manner common to the art.

From the foregoing, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings it is apparent that minute or finger adjustment is made possible by the provision of the operating screw 12; that unlimited adjustment is made possible by the cam lever 22; and that by the provision of the extensions 5 and 7, arranged as shown to advantage in Fig. 2, the sections of the plane are held against longitudinal and lateral movement independently of each other, yet, when it is desired that one of the sections be adjusted relatively to the other, such vertical adjustment is permitted.

In reduction to practice, I have found that the form of my invention, illustrated in the dravvings and referred to in the above description, as the preferred embodiment, is the most efficient and practical; yet realizing that the conditions concurrent with the adoption of my device will necessarily vary, I desire to emphasize the fact that various minor changes in details of construction, proportion and arrangement of parts may be resorted to, when required, Without sacrificing any of the advantages of my invention, as defined in the appended claims.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is :–

In a bench plane; a stock section having a front wall extending at a substantially right angle to the planing surface thereof, and a frog mounted in spaced relation to said wall supporting the planing knife; in combination with a second stock section having a wall extending upwardly at right angles to the planing face thereof, and in spaced relation to the rear edge, means carried by said walls whereby said sections may be held in interlocking engagement, said second section providing a throat above the planing edge of said knife, and means to adjust said sections relatively, whereby the throat will be enlarged or constricted consistent with the variations of the depths of cut of the planing knife.

ln testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN F. BRIDGES.

Witnesses:
M. C. GORHAM,
A. W. BURGRON.

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Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
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No. 1,181,004 – Bench Plane (George W. Harvey) (1916)

[paiddownloads id=”711″]1181004

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

GEORGE W. HARVEY, OF JASPER, MISSOURI.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

1,181,004. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Apr. 25, 1916.
Application filed July 22, 1915. Serial No. 41,306.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE W. HARVEY, citizen of the United States, resident of Jasper, in the county of Jasper and State of Missouri, have made a certain new and useful Invention in Bench-Planes; and I declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

Figure 1 is a side view of the invention. Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2–2, Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3–3, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a section on the line 4–4, Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view of the bit iron holder. Fig. 6 is a detail top plan view of the adjusting lever.

The invention has relation to bench or carpenters’ planes, and it consists in the novel construction and combination of parts, as hereinafter set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating the invention, the numeral 2 designates the stock, having side flanges 3, 3, and 4 is the bit iron holder, having an incline 5 and lower side flanges 6, 6, pivoted to the flanges of the stock by a strong cross-pin 7. The bit holder has in its incline a slot 8, open at its upper end, and is provided with a stud 9, projecting upwardly at right-angles to the incline and having a head 10 at its upper end.

Resting upon the bit iron holder incline is the bit iron 11, a cap iron 11′ having therein a slot 12, of keyhole form, adapted to engage the head of the stud, when the bit and cap irons will slide downwardly to position, the contracted portion of the slot engaging the shank of the stud. Projecting from the lower wall of the bit iron, intermediately of its length, is a stud 13, fitting within the slot of the incline. An upwardly projecting, inclined spring arm 14 is secured at its lower end to the lower wall of the incline, and carries intermediately of its length an upwardly projecting squared stud 15, engaging a squared slot or seat 16 of the bit iron.

A wedge 22 has, intermediately of its length, a keyhole slot 23 therein, engaging over the headed end of the stud 9, said wedge having at its upper end a screw 24, having contact with the upper portion of the cap iron, to press said iron, with the bit iron, downwardly against the incline of the bit iron holder and bind it securely in place thereupon.

Located below the spring arm, about midway between the same and the floor of the stock, is a rearwardly projecting inclined lever 18, having at its lower end a pivot upon a vertical pin 19 of the stock, said lever having at its lower end an upper cam surface 20, against which the lower wall of the incline bears, so that when the lever is moved to one side or the other, the cam will engage the bit iron holder and move the same upwardly or allow the same to move downwardly, upon the cross~pin as a pivot, the bit iron holder and bit iron carried thereby rocking upon said cross-pin, to adjust the cutting edge upwardly or downwardly and thereby vary the thickness of the shaving, said lever being easily worked by one finger, without changing the grip upon the handle, so that delicate adjustments, to vary the thickness of the shaving, may be conveniently made. As the bit iron holder and bit iron are adjusted as stated, to vary the thickness of the shaving, a transverse spring 21, located beneath the rear portions of the flanges 6 of the bit iron holder, is put under tension, this transverse spring acting to press the bit iron holder in contact with the cam, and accomplishing the downward recking movement of the bit.

What I claim is:

1. In a plane, a stock, a bit iron holder pivoted to said stock, a bit iron upon said holder, a pressure spring for said holder and said bit iron in rear of said pivot, and a transversely movable adjusting lever having a vertical fulcrum pin connection with said stock and a cam end in contact with said holder forward of said pivot.

2. In a plane, a stock having side flanges, a bit iron holder having side flanges, a bit iron upon said holder, a pivotal cross-pin connecting the flanges of said stock and said holder, a pressure spring for said holder and said bit iron in rear of said cross-pin, and transversely movable adjusting lever having a vertical fulcrum pin connection with said stock and a cam end in contact with said holder forwardly of said cross-pin.

3. In a plane, a stock, a bit iron holder pivoted to said stock, a bit iron upon said holder, a pressure spring for said bit iron and said holder in rear of the pivot thereof, In testimony whereof I affix my signature, and a transversely movable rearwardly projecting lever having at its lower end a vertical fulcrum pin connection with the stock and an upper cam surface bearing against the said holder forwardly of the pivot thereof.

GEORGE W. HARVEY.

Witnesses:
LEIGH I. DODWELL,
ADOLPH McGEE.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
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No. 1,175,688 – Plane (James F. Bittle) (1916)

[paiddownloads id=”710″]1175688

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JAMES F. BITTLE, OF BRUNSWICK, MARYLAND.

PLANE.

_________________

1,175,688. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Mar. 14, 1916.
Application filed July 8, 1914. Serial No. 849,807.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES F. BITTLE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brunswick, in the county of Frederick and State of Maryland, have invented new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to wood-workers’ planes, the primary object being to provide a tool of this character which includes a stock, an adjustable main plate with which a cutting bit is adapted to be connected for temporary use, the plate being mounted at the usual inclination within the stock of the plane. and means by which the main plate may be adjusted longitudinally with ease and absolute accuracy to a definite degree, when setting the bit.

A further object of the invention is to provide a main plate having means thereon for securing a plurality of cutting bits thereto, one of the bits being in operative position for active use and the other bit or bits being positioned above the first bit in inoperative position. These bits are interchangeable and the bit, which is in operative position, is reversible and is double-edged so that either cutting edge may be used when the other has become dull.

The invention consists in the features of construction, combination and arrangement of parts, hereinafter fully described and claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane constructed in accordance with the invention; Fig. 9. is a longitudinal sectional view taken vertically therethrough: Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view on line 3–3 of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view on line 4–4 of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a detail, rear elevation of the main plate, showing two bits connected therewith; Finn 6 is a front elevation of the same; and, Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the same.

In the drawings, the numeral 1 designates the base plate of the plane which is provided with the usual handles 2 and 3. A frog 4 is secured detachably to the base plate 1 between its side flanges 5 by means of the attaching screws 6. This seat block is constructed so that its front face 7 is arranged in proper angular relation to the throat 8 in the base plate. A transverse fulcrum bar 9 extends between the side flanges 5 in front of the seat block in slightly spaced relation thereto. These parts of the device constitute the stock.

A main plate 10 for the bits of the plane, which is elongated and is constructed preferably of tempered steel, is adapted to be mounted upon the front face of the seat block inwardly of the fulcrum bar 9. This plate is shown in detail in Figs. 5 to 7. This plate is provided medially with a pair of transversely spaced pins 11 upon its rear face, which are adapted to engage within the transversely spaced openings 12 in a cutting bit 13, when the latter is positioned upon the said face of the plate in inoperative position. This bit is adapted to be constructed much shorter in length than the main plate, and a second bit of like construction is adapted to be mounted below the first bit upon the plate 10. The lowermost bit, which is in active position, is adapted to project below the lower end of the main plate, and is sharpened at both ends so as to provide interchangeable cutting edges 15. The said lower end of the main plate is bowed longitudinally, as at 16, so as to provide a yieldable jaw whose lower edge 17 is adapted to engage the bit in active position. Each bit to be used in connection with the plane is double-edged, so that, with two bits upon the plate, four cutting edges are provided, which may be placed in position for active use hv properly interchanging or reversing the bits in a manner which should be readily understood. Each bit is provided medially with a slot 18 which extends longitudinally and the under face of the bit is serrated adjacent to this slot as at 19 so that, when the bit is mounted in its lowermost, operative position, the serrations may be engaged by those of a securing plate 20, which plate is adapted to be secured to the main plate by means of an adjustable clamping screw 21 whose threaded portion extends through the bit slot and is engaged within a threaded opening 22 in the main plate and whose head is engageable with the rear face of the clamping plate 20.

A pivotal retainer 23 is adapted to be mounted between the fulcrum bar 9 and the front face of the main plate with its shoulder 24 engaging the said bar. and an adjustable thumb screw 25 is mounted within the upper end of the retainer for engagement with the upper end portion of the said main plate. The lower end of the retainer is adapted to engage the bowed jaw portion of the main plate, whereby, when the thumb screw 25 is adjusted properly, the retainer may be moved upon the bar 9 as a fulcrum so as to exert rearward pressure upon the jaw 16 and thus secure the bit effectively in its set position within the frame.

The seat block 4 is provided upon its upper edge with an extension 26 which is provided in its upper edge with a longitudinal slot 27. An adjusting lever 23 is pivotally mounted upon the under face of the upper end portion of the main plate 10 for transverse swinging movement upon a pivot pin 29. The lower end portion of the adjusting lever is oiset rearwardly as at 30 and is provided terminally with an inbent lug 31 for engagement within the slot 27 of the seat block extension. The upper end of the adjusting lever projects past the upper edge of the main plate and is bent to form a handle 32 by which it may be grasped when it is desired to adjust the main plate and consequently the bits attached thereto in a lateral direction, it being understood that the said main plate fits loosely within the frame so that its side edges are spaced slightly from the side flanges 5 of the base plate. The main plate turns in such adjustment upon the head of the clamping screw 21 for the operative bit, owing to the fact that the latter is adapted to rest within a longitudinal slot 33 which is provided in the front face of the frog 4 at its lower edge.

The frog extension 26 is provided in alinement with the slot 13 of the inoperative bit with a longitudinally arranged slot 34 in which the active end 35 of a rocking lever 36 is movably mounted. this lever being pivotally connected with the said seat block extension by means of a transverse pivot pin 37 for movement in a vertical plane. The active end of this lever is adapted to project through the bit slot into an opening 38 provided in the main plate. The lower end of this rocking lever is provided with rack teeth 39 for engagement with the worm gear 40 of a rotatable adjusting member 41, which latter is pivotally mounted upon a screw 42 which extends rearwardly from the seat block and has its forward end threaded into a recess 43 provided in the same. A knurled manipulating handle 44 is provided upon the adjusting member. By adjusting this member 41, when the thumb screw 25 has been loosened, the main plate with its bits may be shifted longitudinally so that the cutting edge of the operative bit may be set to cut shavings of a predetermined thickness.

It is to be understood that the bits are adapted to be used in wooden stocks of the ordinary well known type, as well as in iron stocks, such as that shown in the drawings.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art to which this invention relates that I have provided a plane which is provided with a plurality of bits which may be interchanged and reversed whenever necessary to afford a sharp cutting edge, thereby rendering the tool capable of being used for a considerable length of time without the necessity of sharpening any of its bits. The advantages of this construction should be obvious in view of the fact that it is often necessary to employ a plane upon buildings and in other places where a grindstone or other sharpening device is not accessible. A further feature of the invention, which adds to its usefulness and decreases the time and labor ordinarily expended in setting the bit of such a plane, is the provision of the specific means for adjusting the main plate bearing the bits longitudinally upon the seat block. The plane is also composed of few parts and is extremely simple in construction so as to be durable, capable of having its component parts readily detached and assembled, and inexpensive in the cost of manufacture.

What is claimed is:

A wood-worker’s plane comprising a stock, a frog, an extension formed integral with said frog having a slot opening out through the upper end thereof and another slot formed at the point of intersection of the extension with said frog, a bit carried by the frog, a cap carried by the bit, means extending through said cap and bit for securing the latter to the former, a lever pivoted to said plate and having a lug for engagement with the slot formed within the upper end of the extension for effecting lateral adjustments of said plate and bit. and means for effecting a longitudinal adjustment of said plate and bit.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES F. BITTLE.

Witnesses:
C. E. KELLEY,
L. S. HARMAN.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,171,076 – Hand-Plane (John F. Thunell) (1916)

[paiddownloads id=”709″]1171076

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN F. THUNELL, OF SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH.

HAND-PLANE.

_________________

1,171,076. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Feb. 8, 1916.
Application filed November 17, 1914. Serial No. 872,608.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN F. THUNELL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Salt Lake City, in the county of Salt Lake and State of Utah, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Hand-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to bit adjustments for hand planes, and the object of the invention is to provide novel and peculiar means for adjusting hand plane bits which shall be of simple construction, conveniently assembled, and accurately manipulated.

The object of the invention is to provide novel and peculiar means for adjusting and fixing the plane bit, and special means for hanging and adjusting the base or surface bearing plates of the plane.

A further object of the invention is to provide in the bit adjustment, convenient, simple, durable and effective means for giving the bit minute, accurate and positive adjustment independent of the base plate adjustment.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a pair of surface or runner plates, and a screw rod hinged to each plate, and a pair of adjusting and locking nuts for each rod, the adjusting nuts being held within the plane stock.

Other objects, advantages and improved results will be found in the practical application of the plane.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of this application: Figure 1 is a side elevation showing in dotted lines the various positions of the base plates. Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the bit device. Fig. 3 is a detail cross section on the dotted lines x–x, Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a detail perspective view of the bit bracket.

The same reference characters denote the same parts throughout the several views of the drawings.

The plane stock or body 1, has a concavity 2 in its top in which set-screws 3 and 4 are operated in connection with a bit 5 and its keeper 6. The screw 3 works through a hinged carrier 1a, to connect the keeper therewith, and the thumb screw 4 works through the upper end of the keeper as usual. A transverse opening 7 is made through the stock under the ccncavity 2, and a bit slot 2a is made through the bottom wall of the opening 7. The under side of the stock is cut out at 8, for the purpose of reducing the weight of the plane, and for the purpose of housing the bit adjusting device. The bit adjusting device comprises a bracket the long plate 9 of which has a lug 8a working in the bit slots 9a covered by the plate 9, and the short plate 10 of the bracket is secured to the inclined wall 11 of the cut out portion 8 of the stock. The plate 10 forms a collar 10a in which a worm screw 12 is operated. Said screw having a stem extending through the top of the stock on an incline and parallel with the bit, and the stem is provided with a thumb head 13 for operating the screw. The plate 9 is provided with a follower projection 14 meshing with the screw 12, and the plate 9 has a forked end for the plate 10.

The pair of flexible runners 15, have their inner ends secured flush with the bit slot 2a, and the outer end of each plate is curved upwardly. A screw rod 16 is hinged or pivoted at 17 adjacent to the said curved end of each plate, and said rods extend through the ends of the stock 1. The ends of the stock are provided with transverse slots 18 and hold thumb nuts 19 for operating the rods 16, and set nuts 20 are provided for holding the rods in set position. One end of the stock is provided with a hand abutment 21 projecting above the nut 20 at this end of the stock, and thereby prevents the hand from interfering with the nut and rod.

It will be observed that the follower answers two purposes, it forms the connection between the bit and the bracket, and it also affords means for imparting to the bit the movement of the worm screw.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is :–

In a bit plane, a plane throat the under wall of which has a slot lengthwise thereof, a plate of larger area than the slot and slidable on the under face of said wall opposite the slot, a lug on the upper face of the plate and projecting through the slot into engagement with the bit, a lug on the lower face of the plate, and a screw spaced apart from said wall equal to the thickness of the plate and engaging the plate and the lower lug to keep the upper lug in engagement with the bit for longitudinal adjustment by the screw.

In witness whereof I hereunto set my hand in the presence of two witnesses.

JOHN F. THUNELL.

Witnesses:
ISAAC P. THUNELL,
MATIE S. ASHTON.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,166,437 – Plane (Herbert G. Collins) (1916)

[paiddownloads id=”708″]1166437

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

HERBERT G. COLLINS, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO SARGENT &
COMPANY, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

1,166,437. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Jan. 4, 1916.
Application filed November 12, 1913. Serial No. 800,561.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HERBERT G. COLLINS, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to planes, and more particularly to the means for adjusting the cutter and clamping it in position.

The improvements are particularly applicable to molding planes, but may also be used in connection with planes of other types.

The primary objects of the invention are to provide improved and simplified means for clamping the bit or cutter in the desired adjustment; to furnish simple and effective means for adjusting the cutter longitudinally; and to improve the general construction and operation of devices of the class to which my invention relates.

To these and other ends, the invention consists in the novel features and combinations of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the main stock of a molding plane embodying my improvements; Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the cutter clamping and adjusting means, looking from the opposite side of the plane; Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the parts shown in Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a section on line 4–4 of Fig. 2; Fig. 5 is an enlarged section on line 5–5 of Fig. 1; Fig. 6 is a detail showing the clamp in position to release the bit or cutter; Fig. 7 is a detail showing the seat for the cutter and clamp; Figs. 8, 9 and 10 are details of the clamp; Fig. 11 is a detail of the clamping nut; Fig. 12 is a detail of the clamping nut socket; Fig. 13 is a section on line 13–13 of Fig. 1; and Fig. 14 is a detail of the bit or cutter.

Referring to the drawings, I have shown my improvements applied to the main stock 20 of a molding plane, which stock is provided with a handle 21 and throat 22 of usual form. A bit or cutter 23 is clamped against the side of the stock by means of a clamp 24 in such a manner as to project into the throat 22. The clamp 24 is operated by a clamp nut 25 located at that side of the stock opposite the cutter, and the cutter is adjusted lengthwise, i. e., into and out of the throat 22 by means of an adjusting screw 26, engaging a threaded socket 27 at the top of the stock and cooperating with the cutter in the manner to be presently described.

Referring particularly to Fig. 7, it will be noted that the cutter 23 and clamp 24 are partially accommodated in a recess or seat 28 formed in one side of the stock. At the lower portion of the recess is a laterally extending ledge or flange 29, which assists in supporting the cutter from beneath. Opposite the ledge or flange 29, i. e., at the top of the recess 28, is a somewhat similar projecting ledge or flange 30, against which fits the upper edge or surface of the clamp 24. The lower or under surface 31 of the ledge 30 is located in a plane somewhat out of perpendicular with respect to the vertical longitudinal plane of the stock, and said surface 31 cooperates with a correspondingly inclined surface 32 at the upper part of the clamp.

The lower surface 33 of the clamp is parallel with the cutter seating surface of the ledge 29. The cutter is clamped tightly in its seat by drawing the clamp 24 laterally into the recess 28. In doing this, the inclined surfaces 31, 32 of the ledge 30 and clamp 24 respectively cooperate in such a manner as to force the lower surface 33 of the clamp tightly against the cutter.

In the embodiment shown, the clamp 24 is adjusted by means of a threaded shank 35 extending laterally therefrom through an opening 36 in the stock, and engaging interior threads of the clamping nut 25 previously mentioned. The opening or bore 36 in the stock is of somewhat greater diameter than the shank 35, so that the latter will have a certain amount of clearance. The nut 25 is suitably fixed against lengthwise movement, as by means of a collar 37, engaging a grooved socket 38 at the side of the stock, as shown in Fig. 4. Assuming that the shank 35 and nut 25 are provided with the usual right-hand threads, rotation of the nut 25 in a clockwise direction will draw the clamp 24 laterally into its seat to clamp the cutter tightly in position, as shown in Fig. 3. When the nut 25 is turned in a counter-clockwise direction, the clamp 24 will be forced laterally out of its seat, and the clearance in the bore 35 will allow the clamp to swing away from and release the cutter as the inclined surface 32 of the clamp slides outward along the cooperating surface 31 of the stock.

In assembling the device, the nut 25, which preferably has a circular milled head, is entered laterally into its socket 38, which is permitted by having said socket open throughout a portion of its periphery, as shown at 38a in Fig. 12. As the nut is slipped into its socket, it will be held against lengthwise movement by the engagement of its collar 37 with the corresponding groove in the socket, and the shank 35 of the clamp will be passed through the hole 36 to engage the threads of the nut in an obvious manner. As the nut is held against displacement in an axial direction, the clamp 24 must move laterally into and out of its seat, as the nut is turned in opposite directions respectively. During the inward movement, the portion 30 of the stock acts as a cam to force the clamp toward the cutter-supporting portion or ledge. In the outward movement of the clamp, the clearance around the shank of the latter permits the clamp to move away from the cutter.

The lengthwise adjusting screw 26 for the cutter is provided with a filled head 26a having at its lower portion an annular shoulder 26b The shoulder 26b projects axially relative to the adjusting screw. Below the shoulder 26b is a shoulder 26c projecting perpendicularly relative to the adjusting screw. The shoulder 26c engages a notch 23b formed in the side of the cutter, so that as the adjusting screw is turned in one or the other direction the cutter will be moved into or out of the throat. The shoulder 26b of the adjusting screw engages a notch 23a at the top of the cutter and effectively holds the cutter in engagement with the shoulder 26c. Movement of the cutter in an outward direction relatively to its seat, i. e., away from the side of the stock, is prevented by the engagement of the shoulder 26b with the notch 23a and by the engagement of the clamp with the body portion of the cutter.

The foregoing description is necessarily a detailed one in so far as it concerns the particular embodiment of my invention selected for illustration.

Various modifications of the construction may be adopted within the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.

What I claim is:

1. In a plane, the combination of a stock having a cutter seat opening outwardly at one side of the plane, a cutter in said seat, a clamp for the cutter, a lengthwise adjusting screw for said cutter at the opposite side of the plane socketed in the stock, at one side of, and approximately parallel to said cutter, and a shoulder on said screw directed axially of the latter and engaging a shoulder at the upper portion of the cutter, whereby said screw prevents lateral displacement of the cutter relative to said cutter seat, as the cutter is adjusted by the screw; substantially as described.

2. In a plane, a cutter seat, a cutter having a notch at one side edge, and a notch at the top edge, in combination with a lengthwise adjusting screw, having a perpendicular shoulder to engage with the first named notch, and an axial shoulder to engage with the second named notch, the cutter seat opening out at the side of the plane opposite the adjusting screw, substantially as described.

3. In a plane, the combination of a stock having a cutter seat at one side, a cutter in said seat, having a notch at the top edge and a notch in the side edge toward the stock, a clamp for the cutter, a lengthwise adjusting screw for said cutter, socketed in the stock at one side of, and approximately parallel to said cutter, a shoulder on said screw, engaging the notch in the side edge of the cutter to provide for the upward and downward adjustment of the latter, and a second shoulder on said screw directed axially of the screw and engaging the notch at the upper edge of the cutter, whereby said screw prevents lateral displacement of the cutter relative to its seat., as the cutter is moved up and down by said screw, the cutter seat opening out at the side of the plane opposite the adjusting screw; substantially as described.

4. In a plane, the combination with a stock, of a cutter mounted therein, and means for adjusting the cutter longitudinally including an adjusting screw operatively mounted on the stock, said screw having a projecting portion extending axially thereof and the cutter having a slot extending longitudinally thereof in which said projecting portion may fit for rotation and interlock to prevent lateral displacement of the cutter in either direction edgewise thereof.

5. In a plane, the combination with the stock having a cutter receiving portion opening outwardly at one side of the plane, of a cutter mounted therein, and means located at the opposite side of the plane for adjusting the cutter having a part adapted to engage a complementary part of the cutter to project the cutter with reference to the stock, and having another part adapted to engage another complementary part of the cutter to prevent lateral displacement of the cutter.

6. In a plane, the combination with a cutter seat opening toward one side thereof, an adjusting device located inwardly of said seat, said adjusting device having an undercut bit receiving portion and a shoulder therebelow, and a bit having a longitudinally extending projection adapted to be introduced into the undercut portion of the adjusting device when the bit occupies an inclined position and the bit having a portion adapted to engage the shoulder of the adjusting device when the bit is shifted from said inclined position to a position parallel to its seat, whereby the adjusting device will interlock with the bit to eifect raising and lowering of the bit substantially as described.

7. A bit for planes of the character described, having a cutting edge at one end thereof, a notch in the opposite end of the same, and a notch in one of its side edges located near said notched end substantially as and for the purpose described.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand on the 10th day of November, 1913.

HERBERT G. COLLINS.

Witnesses:
LE ROY L. SHELTON,
MABEL A. BUSSE.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,164,232 – Plane (William E. Sparks) (1915)

[paiddownloads id=”706″]1164232

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLIAM E. SPARKS, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO SARGENT & COMPANY,
OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATIGN OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

1,164,232. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Dec. 14, 1915.
Application filed July 9, 1913. Serial No. 778,083.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM E. SPARKS, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to planes, and more especially to planes constructed wholly of metal.

One of the primary objects of the invention is to provide a light, strong, durable and inexpensive plane, wherein the stock or frame, the frog, and the clamp for the cutter are constructed of sheet metal. To this end the parts mentioned are of novel form and are combined and assembled in a novel way.

Another object of the invention is the provision of certain improved features of construction in what is known as a low angle block plane, more particularly the mechanism for giving the bit or cutter its lengthwise adjustment, and the location of such adjusting means in such a position that the head of the adjusting screw for the cutter serves as a palm rest when the plane is in use.

However, although my improvements are of particular advantage in low angle block planes and in planes constructed for the most part of sheet metal, certain features will be found advantageous in planes of other types.

To these and other ends, the invention consists in the novel features and combinations of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed.

ln the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a low angle block plane embodying my improvements, Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the same, Fig. 3 is a section on line 3–3 of Fig. 2, Fig. 4 is a front end elevation of the plane, Fig. 5 is a rear end elevation, Fig. 6 is a fragmentary plan view of the stock with the cutter and clamp removed, Fig. 7 is a section on line 7–7 of Fig. 1, Fig. 8 is a detail bottom view of the frog prior to assembling, Fig. 9 is a detail bottom view of the clamp, and Fig. 10 is a detail section on line 10–10 of Fig. 2.

Referring to the drawings, the stock or body 10 is of the usual channeled section but instead of being constructed of cast metal as customary, it is bent up from sheet metal such as sheet steel. The frog 11 is also constructed of sheet metal and it is given the special form shown in Figs. 3, 6, 7 and 8. The frog comprises a plate 11a provided with integral extensions at opposite sides which are bent downward to form legs 12. Rivets 13 connect these integral sheet metal legs with the side walls of the stock between which the frog is set. The legs 12 are so located relatively to the frog and stock as to give the main part of the frog the required inclination to the horizontal. The legs 12 secure the frog to the stock at the rear end of the frog and the forward end of the frog is secured to the stock by means of a lug 14 struck out from the plate 11a and lying in contact with the upper surface of the bed or sole 15 of the plane. In the form shown the downwardly bent lug 14 of the stock is secured to the bed 15 by spot welding, but of course, a rivet or other fastening member could be used if desired.

At the rear of the frog are two downturned lugs 16, 17 for the adjusting screw 18. The lug 17 is struck out of the plate 11a leaving an opening 17a therein, and the lug 16 extends downwardly from the rear edge of the frog substantially parallel to the lug 17. These lugs are provided with threaded perforations engaged by the shank 19 of the adjusting screw 18. The shank 19 is manipulated by a large head or wheel 20 having a neck 21 and a shoulder or collar 22.

The cutter 23 is positioned on top of the frog 11 in the usual manner with its forward extremity in the throat 24 of the bed or sole. The cutter 23 is provided at its rear under portion with a series of transverse arcuate grooves 25 any one of which is adapted to fit snugly over a portion of the periphery of the shoulder or collar 22 on the adjusting screw 18. This provides for the lengthwise adjustment of the bit or cutter as the adjusting screw is moved forwardly or rearwardly in the lugs 16, 17, as will be understood. The shoulder 22 is free to rotate in the groove 25 in which it engages, but the provision of the grooves form shoulders cooperating with the shoulder 22 in such a manner that the cutter or bit partakes of the lengthwise movement of the adjusting screw.

The clamp 26 like the stock and frog is also constructed of sheet metal. Its strength is considerably increased by forming the same of a sheet metal plate having its edges flanged or downturned, substantially throughout the contour thereof, as indicated at 27. This stiffens and strengthens the clamp considerably and it is also reinforced by an integral rib 28 stamped in the same. The clamp is provided with the usual key-hole slot 29 adapted to fit over the usual headed stud 30 which projects up from the frog between the lug 14 and the opening 17a. At the front of the clamp 26 the downturned edge 27 rests on the upper face of the cutter, and is clamped against the cutter at that point by a screw 31 extending through a threaded opening 32 at the rear end of the clamp and engaging the upper surface of the cutter. The stud 30 acts as a pivot in the usual manner so that as the screw 31 is screwed into its socket, the front and rear portions of the clamp will have the customary binding action on the cutter whereby the latter is securely held in place.

In using the plane, the head 20 of the adjusting screw 18 serves as a palm rest. It will be noted that the diameter of the head 20 is at least approximately equal to the width of the cutter. Moreover, the head 20 projects outward beyond the rear extremity of the cutter and is so located with reference to the stock as to form a comfortable support for the palm of the person using the plane. Usually the forefinger will rest in a socket 33 formed in the upper surface of a button 34 riveted to and extending upward from the forward end of the clamp. By this construction, the plane can be grasped and manipulated in a most convenient and satisfactory manner.

In order to make the head 20 of the adjusting screw 18 serve as an effective and comfortable palm rest, said head is not only made of a diameter approximating the width of the stock, but it is also provided with a convex rear surface adapted to conform to the hand of the operator.

It will be manifest that the construction described provides a light, handy plane, which can be readily and cheaply manufactured and is quite strong and durable.

Without limiting myself to the construction shown, I claim:

1. In a plane, the combination of a stock, a frog in said stock, a cutter supported on said frog, an adjusting screw for adjusting said cutter longitudinally, a head for said adjusting screw at the rear of the cutter, of a diameter approximating the width of the stock, and having a convex rear portion or surface to serve as a palm rest for the operator’s hand, a clamp for securing said cutter on the frog, and a button secured to the front end portion of the clamp at the upper surface thereof, said button having an upper surface adapted to support the forefinger of the operator‘s hand, when the latter is supported on the head of said adjusting screw; substantially as described.

2. In a plane, the combination of a stock, a frog in said stock, a cutter supported on said frog, an adjusting screw for adjusting said cutter longitudinally, a head for said adjusting screw at the rear of the cutter, of a diameter approximating the width of the stock, and having a convex rear portion or surface to serve as a palm rest for the operator’s hand, a clamp for securing said cutter on the frog, and a button secured to the front end portion of the clamp, at the upper surface thereof, said button having a socket at its upper surface adapted to receive and conform to the forefinger of the operator’s hand, when the latter is supported on the head of said adjusting screw; substantially as described.

3. In a plane, the combination of a stock with upright side walls, a frog set in between said side walls, and composed of a sheet metal plate having downturned legs at the rear riveted to said side walls, said plate having at the forward portion thereof a struck-out piece or lug parallel to and resting on the sole plate of the stock, said lug or struck-out piece being welded to said sole plate, parallel lugs integral with said frog at the rear portion thereof, and depending therefrom, a cutter supported on said frog, an adjusting screw for said cutter threaded through said parallel lugs, and a clamp for securing said cutter on the frog; substantially as described.

4. In a plane, the combination with a stock having upright side walls, of a frog comprising a sheet metal plate having integral downturned side members secured to side walls of the stock, and integral down-turned lugs for the bit adjusting screw, one of said lugs being struck out from the rear edge of the frog, and the other being struck out of an opening at the intermediate portion of the frog, an adjusting screw threaded through said lugs, a cutter on the frog adjustable by said adjusting screw, and a clamp to secure the cutter on the frog; substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand on the 7th day of July 1913.

WILLIAM E. SPARKS.

Witnesses:
JOHN H. SHAW,
BERTHA RAY.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,157,594 – Bench Plane (Theodore G. Selleck) (1915)

[paiddownloads id=”705″]1157594

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

THEODORE G. SELLECK, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO JOHN L. DEPPEN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

1,157,594. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Oct. 19, 1915.
Application filed January 26, 1914. Serial No. 814,479. Renewed March 17, 1915. Serial No. 15,055.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THEODORE G. SELLECK, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to bench-planes, and its object is to provide a structure which permits the bit to be quickly and easily removed for sharpening, without disturbing the adjusting means thereof.

The invention also has for its object to provide novel and improved means for adjusting the bit.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be pointed out in the detailed description appearing hereinafter, and in order that the same may be better understood, reference is had to the accompanying drawings, in which —

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a bench plane constructed in accordance with the present invention; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section on the line 2–2 of Fig. 4; Fig. 3 is a sectional detail showing a slightly modified form of bit; Fig. 4 is a section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5–5 of Fig. 1, and Fig. 6 is a section on the line 6–6 of Fig. 4.

Referring specifically to the drawing the stock of the plane is of conventional form, the same comprising a sole 10, side or check-pieces 11, a rear hand grip 12 and a forward knob 13. The sole has a slot 14 through which the bit 15 protrudes.

The bit 15 is carried by a member 16 which is pivotally mounted between the side pieces 11 in a manner to be presently described. By thus pivoting the bit carrier the same may be rotated to take the bit out of the slot 14 as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 1, the bit then pointing upward and being free of the side pieces, in which position it is readily accessible for the purpose of removal. The axis of rotation of the bit carrier is transverse of the stock. The bit carrier 16 tapers toward the end which carries the bit 15, said end having a dovetailed transverse groove 17 in which the bit seats and is held, the rear portion of the bit being shaped to fit in the groove.

The following clamping means for the bit 15 is provided: In the under side of the bit carrier 16 is a threaded aperture to receive a screw 18. This aperture is so located that it intersects the inner end of the groove 17, thus allowing a portion of the back of the bit to extend into the aperture, at the place where the beveled side of the screw head 19 seats, the aperture being countersunlr to accommodate said screw head. By working the screw inward, the beveled side of the head is forced against the back of the bit, and the bit is forced forward to a rigid seat in the groove. The bit can be readily removed by sliding it along the groove, after backing the screw.

Fig. 3 shows a slightly modified form of bit, its inner end having a shoulder 20 which abuts against the end of the bit carrier 16. The bit carrier 16 is a hollow casting having side openings 21. The sides of the bit carrier are flat and parallel, and its width is such that it has a small amount of side play between the side pieces 11. The bit carrier is carried by a yoke, the side arms 22 of which latter seat in longitudinal grooves 23 in the sides of the bit carrier. The connecting bar 24 of the yoke extends across and in spaced relation with the rear end of the bit carrier, or that end which is opposite the end carrying the bit 15. The bar 24 has, midway between its ends, an aperture in which is held an adjusting screw 25 which is threaded through a block 26 carried by the bit carrier, the latter having an aperture 27 to accommodate the inner end of the screw. The screw is held against travel in the direction of its length by its head 27a and a collar or washer 28 located, respectively, on opposite sides of the bar 24. Thus, it will be seen that when the screw is operated, the bit carrier is moved baclr and forth between the arms 22 to regulate the degree of protrusion of the bit through the slot 14.

The yoke is pivoted to the side pieces 11, which provides the hereinbefore described pivotal support for the bit carrier 16. The pivotal connection is made by pivot screws 29 passing through the side pieces and threaded into the arms 22 of the yoke. The heads 30 of the pivot screws are countersunk in the side pieces, and their shanks are devoid of threads where they pass through the side pieces, which enables the bit carrier to be swung without causing the pivot screws to tighten up.

The block 26 seats against the rear end of the bit carrier 16 between outstanding spaced ribs 31 and 32 on the latter, and it is pivoted at one end so that it may swing outward from the end of the bit carrier. The pivotal connection is made by a pin 33 passing through the block and held at its ends in the ribs 31 and 32. The free end of the block is shaped to form a half nut, the thread 34 of which fits in the groove of a worm 35 seating in a recess in the end of the bit carrier, and mounted on a pivot screw 36 carried by the latter. The worm carries a small projecting finger-piece 37 for operating the same.

Upon turning the worm 35 in one direction, by means of the finger-piece 37, the block 26 swings outward from the bit carrier 16, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 4, and it is swung back toward the bit carrier upon turning the worm in the opposite direction. This movement of the block reults in giving the bit carrier a sidewise tilt to line up the slot 14.

In order to prevent the bit carrier 16 from rocking when the tool is in use, a stout spring latch 38 is provided, the same being secured to the sole 10 and having its free end offset and shaped to snap under the bar 24. When the latch is in holding position, the rear end of the bit carrier cannot swing downward, and it is prevented from swinging upward by the bit 15 engaging the rear wall of the slot 14. Upon disengaging the latch from the yoke bar, the bit carrier may be swung to the dotted line position shown in Fig. 1, for the purpose stated hereinbefore.

I claim:

1. A bench-plane comprising a stock having side-pieces, a yoke pivotally mounted between the side-pieces, a bit carrier carried by the yoke and adjustable in the direction of its length, and means for locking the yoke.

2. A bench-plane comprising a stock having side-pieces, a yoke pivotally mounted between the side-pieces, a bit carrier carried by the yoke, an adjusting screw carried by the yoke and having a threaded engagement with the bit carrier, and means for locking the yoke.

3. A bench-plane comprising a stock having side-pieces, a yoke pivotally mounted between the side-pieces, a bit carrier having longitudinal side grooves, in which the yoke arms seat, means for adjusting the bit carrier in the direction of its length, and means for locking the yoke.

4. A bench-plane comprising a stock having side-pieces, a yoke pivotally mounted between the side-pieces, a bit carrier carried by the yoke and adjustable sidewise and in the direction of its length, and means for locking the yoke.

5. A bench-plane comprising a stock having side-pieces, a yoke pivotally mounted between the side-pieces, a bit carrier carried by the yoke, a pivoted member carried by the bit carrier, an adjusting screw carried by the yoke and having a threaded engagement with the pivoted member, a worm carried by the bit carrier and having a threaded engagement with the free end of the pivoted member, and means for locking the yoke.

6. A bench-plane comprising a stock, a bit carrier, a support for the bit carrier carried by the stock, a pivoted member carried by the bit carrier, an adjusting screw carried by the support and having a threaded engagement with the pivoted member, and a worm carried by the bit carrier, and having a threaded engagement with the free end of the pivoted member.

In testimonv whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

THEODORE G. SELLECK.

Witnesses:
S. J. LEHRER,
H. W. BATCHELOR.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,151,301 – Bench Plane (William E. Sparks) (1915)

[paiddownloads id=”704″]1151301

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLIAM E. SPARKS, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO SARGENT &
COMPANY, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

1,151,301. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Aug. 24, 1915.
Application filed May 16, 1914. Serial No. 839,117.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM E. SPARKS, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to bench planes and more particularly to a type of plane in which the plane iron or bit is held against the frog or other support by means of a clamp which is adjustable independently of the bit, so that the lower edge of the clamp may be adjusted closer to or farther away from the cutting edge of the bit as required for taking a small or large chip.

The primary object of the present invention is to provide improved and simplified means for adjusting the bit or plane iron longitudinally, and improved and simplified means for giving the bit or plane iron the necessary transversely swinging adjustment to bring the cutting edge thereof into parallelism with the throat of the plane.

To these and other ends, the invention consists in the novel features and combinations of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating a preferred embodiment of the invention, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the plane, Fig. 2 is a top plan view thereof, Fig. 3 is an enlarged section on line 3–3 of Fig. 1, Fig. 4 is an enlarged section on line 4–4 of Fig. 2, showing the plane adjusted for taking a small chip, Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 4 but showing the adjustment for rougher work, Fig. 6 is a section on line 6–6 of Fig. 4, Fig. 7 is a detail face view of the clamp, Fig. 8 is a similar view of the clamp from the reverse or under side, Fig. 9 shows a face view and an edge view of the adjusting plate for the clamp, Fig. 10 is a front or top view of the frog, detached, Fig. 11 is a rear or bottom view of the frog, detached, Fig. 12 is a detail section on line 12–12 of Fig. 11, and Fig. 13 is a detail section of the adjusting nut for the clamp.

Referring to the drawings, 20 designates the stock or bed of the plane, which is preferably made of metal of the usual channeled cross-section. The front handle of usual type is indicated at 21 and the ordinary rear handle is shown at 22. The bit or plane iron 23 is clamped against a frog 24 by means of a clamp 25. The bit is moved into and out of a throat 26 in the bed or sole of the stock by means of an adjusting screw 27 carried by the frog 24.

Referring particularly to Figs. 4 and 6, it will be noted that the stock is provided at opposite sides with abutments 28 adjacent the respective side walls. These abutments are slanted off at the top at a proper incline to provide a firm and substantial seat for the lower surface of the frog, and the latter is clamped to the abutments by means of screws 29. At the lower rear part of the frog 24 the latter carries a projecting lug 30 in which the lower end portion of the adjusting screw 27 is freely rotatable. The adjusting screw has a plain bearing in the lug 30 and is prevented from longitudinal movement with respect to said lug by means of collars on the screw at opposite sides of the lug. The lower collar, indicated at 31, is detachably held in place by a pin 32. The opposite or upper end of the adjusting screw 27 has a bearing in a lug 33 projecting from the rear upper portion of the frog and similar to the lug 30. The frog 24 is provided intermediate the lugs 30, 33 with a longitudinal slot 34 which serves as a guide for a bit-adjusting nut 35 having threaded engagement with the shank of the adjusting screw. The nut 35 has a portion projecting into and snugly fitting the slot 34, so that when a milled head 36 on the upper end of the screw 27 is rotated in one or the other direction, the nut 35 will be moved lengthwise of the frog in one or the other direction. This effects the longitudinal adjustment of the bit 23, which is provided at its rear surface with a notch 37 engaged by a pin 38 on the upper surface of the adjusting nut.

The transverse adjustment of the bit, in order to keep its cutting edge in parallelism with the throat, is effected by the following mechanism: At the upper or butt end of the bit or plane iron 23 the latter is provided with a longitudinal slot 39 the opposite side edges of which are adapted to be engaged by a nose 40 of an adjusting lever 41 pivoted to the lug 33 by means of a pin 42. The pin 42 is intermediate of the ends of the lever 41 and said lever is movable in a plane substantially perpendicular to the plane of the frog body and the plane of the bit. The adjusting lever is preferably formed of a sheet metal piece bent into U-shape at one end to afford a gripping portion 43 by means of which the lever may be manipulated. The oscillatory movement of the lever in either direction is not interfered with by the adjusting screw, as the lever is provided with a clearance opening 44 of considerably larger size than the portion of the screw shank which extends through said opening (Fig. 12), and it will be manifest that as the lever 41 is swung on its pivot 42 in one direction, one side of the nose 40 will be engaged by one of the side edges of the slot 39, whereby the bit will be swung transversely of the plane in one direction. If the adjusting lever is moved in the opposite direction the transverse adjusting movement of the bit will be opposite to that first indicated. Hence by proper adjustment of the lever 41 the bit or plane iron can easily be brought to a position in which its cutting edge has the desired parallel relation to the throat 26. Of course, this transverse adjustment of the bit by means of the lever 41 is not effected by the longitudinal adjustment of the bit, for as the latter is moved lengthwise the nose 40 of the adjusting lever will be engaged with the slot 39 at different points in its length. This arrangement of the transverse adjusting means has the advantage that the lever is engaged with the bit in a simple but positive way in all the lengthwise adjustments of the bit, the leverage on the bit being quite sufficient to move it with a slight effort. Moreover, the manipulating portion of the lever is located immediately adjacent and back of the head of the lengthwise adjustment screw, so that it may be reached and adjusted with maximum facility.

The clamp 23 for clamping the bit against the frog is adjusted longitudinally i. e. toward and away from the throat 26, by means of the following mechanism: The clamp has formed on the upper surface thereof opposing guide lugs 44 by means of which the clamp is guided along an adjusting plate 45. This plate has an elongated opening 46 in its body portion or shank to clear the clamping screw 47 which passes through a threaded hole 48 in the clamp 25 and bears at its inner end against the upper surface of the bit. The screw 47 is provided with a milled adjusting head 49. At its lower end the plate 45 is provided with a T-head 50 having on its upper surface a groove 51 extending transversely with respect to the adjusting plate and adapted to engage the under surface of a cross pin or bridge 52 fixed at its respective ends to the side walls or flanges of the stock. The plate 45 lies flat on the upper surface of the clamp 25 against which it is retained by the lugs 44, and when the T-head 50 of the plate has been engaged with the under portion of the cross pin 52 in the manner stated, the screwing in of the clamping screw 47 will obviously secure the clamp and the bit tightly in place, inasmuch as the cross pin 52 will act as a pivot about which the clamp is moved to bind its lower edge against the lower portion of the bit and the clamping screw 47 against the intermediate portion of the bit. The plate 45 therefore serves as an attachment for the clamp by means of which the latter may be placed in pivotal relation to the cross pin when the clamping screw 47 is properly adjusted, the clamp and adjusting plate being readily detachable from assembled position when the clamping screw is released from its binding engagement with the bit. At its upper end the plate 45 is provided with a threaded extremity 53 which engages interior screw threads of a milled adjusting nut 54 freely rotatable with respect to the clamp but movable longitudinally therewith. In the form shown, the hollow adjusting nut 54 is detachably seated in a boss or socket portion 55 formed integral with the upper end portion of the clamp. Beneath the boss 55, the under portion of the clamp is cut away at 55a to permit the nut 54 to be detachably seated in the boss, in which position a collar 56 on the nut is engaged with a groove 57 in the boss in order to prevent longitudinal movement of the nut in the latter when the parts are assembled. ln assembling, the nut is placed in its seat in the boss and the threaded extremity 53 of the adjusting plate is then engaged with the interior screw threads of the nut. When the nut is rotated in such a direction as to pull the threaded extremity or shank 53 into the same, the displacement of the nut from its seat will be effectively prevented and as the nut is rotated in one or the other direction the clamp 25 will be obliged to move toward or away from the throat, as the case may be, inasmuch as the plate 45 is fixed relatively to the stock by means of its engagement with the cross pin 52.

It will therefore be understood that with the construction described, the bit and the clamp may be easily moved into any desired relative positions. When a fine chip is to be taken, the screw 27 for effecting the longitudinal movement of the bit is so manipulated as to project the bit only to a very slight extent beyond the lower surface of the bed, and the nut 54 will be so manipulated as to move the lower edge of the clamp 25 into very close proximity to the cutting edge of the bit, as shown in Fig. 4. This adjustment of the clamp will have a certain effect in producing a fine chip and it will also effectively prevent chattering. In the position shown in Fig. 5, the plane is adjusted to take a large chip, the bit being projected farther out of the throat and the clamp being farther retreated from the edge of the bit. However, I do not claim the mechanism for clamping the bit on the frog, as the same forms no part of my invention.

Without limiting myself to the precise construction shown, I claim:

1. ln a plane, the combination of a stock, a frog detachably set in said stock and having a longitudinal slot extending through said frog, an adjusting screw substantially parallel to the geometrical plane of the frog at the rear of the latter, means forming a bearing for the lower end of said adjusting screw, an integral lug projecting rearwardly and downwardly from said frog at the upper rear portion of the latter, and serving as a bearing for the upper end portion of said adjusting screw, a nut threaded and traveling on said adjusting screw at the rear of the frog, a bit clamped on said frog, a part on said nut extending forwardly and upwardly into the slot of said frog, and operatively engaging said bit at a point intermediate of the ends of said bit and intermediate of the end bearings of said screw, and a milled adjusting head carried by said screw above the upper bearing; substantially as described.

2. ln a plane, the combination of a stock, a frog, a lug extending rearwardly from said frog at the upper rear part of the latter, an adjusting screw having a bearing in said lug, a bit, a nut on said screw to engage the bit and adjust it lengthwise, a lever for adjusting said bit transversely, pivoted on said lug and engaging a longitudinal slot in the bit and extending around the shank of said adjusting screw, and an adjusting head for said screw in close proximity to said lever; substantially as described.

3. ln a plane, the combination of a frog having a projecting lug, a bit clamped on said frog and having a longitudinal slot, an adjusting screw for the bit having a bearing in said lug and having connection with the bit to move the latter longitudinally, and a device mounted on said lug and engaged with the slot of the bit to adjust the bit in a transverse direction; substantially as described.

4. In a plane, the combination of a frog having a projecting lug, a bit clamped on said frog, an adjusting screw for adjusting the bit longitudinally, having a bearing in said lug, and a lever for adjusting the bit transversely, pivoted on said lug and having a clearance opening for said adjusting screw permitting the latter to project outwardly therebeyond; substantially as described.

5. ln a plane, the combination of a frog, having a projecting lug, a bit clamped on said frog, and having a longitudinal slot at the butt end portion thereof, an adjusting screw for adjusting the bit longitudinally, a lever for adjusting the bit transversely, arranged perpendicularly with respect to said adjusting screw, and having an opening to clear the latter, and means pivoting said lever on said lug to engage the slot in the bit and to move laterally; substantially as described.

6. In a plane, the combination of a frog, having a rearwardly and downwardly projecting lug, a bit clamped on said frog, an adjusting screw for adjusting the bit longitudinally, having a bearing in said lug, an adjusting head for said screw above and at the rear of said lug, and a lever for adjusting the bit transversely, pivoted on the upper rear surface of said lug, beneath, but in close proximity to said adjusting head, substantially as described.

7. In a plane, the combination of a stock, a frog detachably set in said stock and having a longitudinal slot extending through said frog, an adjusting screw substantially parallel to the geometricall plane of the frog at the rear of the latter, means forming a bearing for the lower end of said adjusting screw, an integral lug, projecting rearwardly and downwardly from said frog at the upper rear portion of the latter, and serving as a bearing for the upper end of said screw, a nut threaded and traveling on said adjusting screw at the rear of the frog, a bit clamped on said frog, a part on said nut extending forwardly and upwardly into the slot of said frog, and engaging an opening or notch in the bit intermediate of the ends of the latter, whereby said bit may be adjusted lengthwise, said bit having a longitudinal slot at the upper or butt-end portion thereof, above the point of engagement of said nut with said bit, and means engaging the slot of said bit to adjust the bit transversely; substantially as described.

8. In a plane, a stock, bearings at the opposite sides thereof to support a bit in an inclined position, a removable frog resting on said bearings, means for detachably securing the frog to said bearings, a bit on the frog, and adjusting means for the bit carried by the frog and arranged at the rear thereof between said bearings, substantially as described.

9. In a. plane, a stock, bearings at the opposite sides thereof, to support a bit in an inclined position, a removable frog resting on said bearings, means for detachably securing the frog to said bearings, a bit on the frog, and longitudinal and lateral adjusting means for the bit carried by the frog and arranged at the rear thereof between said bearings, substantially as described.

10. ln a plane, a stock, a frog on the stock, a bit clamped to the frog, and means for adjusting the bit longitudinally and laterally including a part on the frog constituting a bearing, an adjusting screw in said bearing, and an adjusting lever to impart lateral movement to the bit also mounted on said part and through which the adjusting screw passes.

11. In a plane, a stock, a frog on the stock, a bit clamped to the frog, and means for adjusting the bit longitudinally and laterally including a part on the frog constituting a bearing, an adjusting screw in said bearing, and an adjusting lever to impart lateral movement to the bit also mounted on said part and through which the adjusting screw passes, said lever being pivoted to the part and having an enlarged opening permitting play of the lever over the screw.

12. In a plane, a stock having suitable bearing portions, a detachable frog resting on and secured to said bearing portions, said frog having a slot therein, and rearwardly extending lugs beyond the ends of said slot, an adjusting screw mounted in said bearings, and means on the screw passing through the slot adapted to effect longitudinal adjustment of the bit, substantially as described.

13. In a plane, a stock having suitable bearing portions, a detachable frog resting on and secured to said bearing portions, said frog having a slot therein, and rearwardly extending lugs beyond the ends of said slot, an adjusting screw mounted in said bearings, means on the screw passing through the slot adapted to effect longitudinal adjustment of the bit, and means also supported by one of said bearing lugs adapted to engage the bit to adjust the same laterally.

14. ln a plane, a stock having suitable bearing portions, a detachable frog resting on and secured to said bearing portions, said frog having a slot therein, and rearwardly extending lugs beyond the ends of said slot, an adjusting screw mounted in said bearings, and means on the screw passing through the slot adapted to effect longitudinal adjustment of the bit, the lowermost bearing lug and the screw being arranged between the bearing portions of the stock to which the frog is secured.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand on the 6th day of May, 1914.

WILLIAM E. SPARKS.

Witnesses:
MABEL A. BUSSE,
ADELE M. LONGSTEIN.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,124,325 – Bench Plane (Albert A. Page) (1915)

[paiddownloads id=”701″]1124325

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ALBERT A. PAGE, OF EAST HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO SARGENT &
COMPANY, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

1,124,325. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Jan. 12, 1915.
Application filed November 16, 1912. Serial No. 731,810.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT A. PAGE, a citizen of the United States, residing in East Haven, county of New Haven, and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to bench planes and more particularly to a type of plane in which the plane iron or bit is held against the frog or other support by means of a clamp which is adjustable independently of the bit, so that the lower edge of the clamp may be adjusted closer to or farther away from the cutting edge of the bit as required for taking a small or large chip.

The primary objects of the present invention are to provide improved and simplified means for giving the clamp a positive adjusting movement in either direction i. e. toward or away from the cutting edge of the bit; to furnish clamp adjusting means which permits the clamp to be easily placed in and removed from its assembled position; and to provide certain improved and simplified features in connection with the means for adjusting the bit or plane iron longitudinally and transversely.

To these and other ends, the invention consists in the novel features and combinations of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating a preferred embodiment of the invention, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the plane, Fig. 2 is a top plan view thereof, Fig. 3 is an enlarged section on line 3–3 of Fig. 1, Fig. 4 is an enlarged section on line 4–4 of Fig. 2, showing the plane adjusted for taking a small chip, Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 4 but showing the adjustment for rougher work, Fig. 6 is a section on line 6–6 of Fig. 4, with certain parts omitted, Fig. 7 is a detail face view of the clamp, Fig. 8 is a similar view of the clamp from the reverse or under side, Fig. 9 shows a face view and an edge view of the adjusting plate for the clamp, Fig. 10 is a front or top view of the frog, detached, Fig. 11 is a rear or bottom view of the frog, detached, Fig. 12 is a detail section on line 12–12 of Fig. 11, and Fig. 13 is a detail section of the adjusting nut for the clamp.

Referring to the drawings, 20 designates the stock or bed of the plane, which is preferably made of metal of the usual channeled cross-section. The front handle of usual type is indicated at 21 and the ordinary rear handle is shown at 22. The bit or plane iron 23 is clamped against a frog 24 by means of a clamp 25. The bit is moved into and out of a throat 26 in the bed or sole of the stock by means of an adjusting screw 27 carried by the frog 24.

Referring particularly to Figs. 4 and 6, it will be noted that the stock is provided at opposite sides with abutments 28 adjacent the respective side walls. These abutments are slanted off at the top at a proper incline to provide a firm and substantial seat for the lower surface of the frog, and the latter is clamped to the abutments by means of screws 29. At the lower rear part of the frog 24 the latter carries a projecting lug 30 in which the lower end portion of the adjusting screw 27 is freely rotatable. The adjusting screw has a plain bearing in the lug 30 and is prevented from longitudinal movement with respect to said lug by means of collars on the screw at opposite sides of the lug. The lower collar, indicated at 31, is detachably held in place by a pin 32. The opposite or upper end of the adjusting screw 27 has a bearing in a lug 33 projecting from the rear upper portion of the frog and similar to the lug 30. The frog 24 is provided intermediate the lugs 30, 33 with a longitudinal slot 34 which serves as a guide for a bit-adjusting nut 35 having threaded engagement with the shank of the adjusting screw. The nut 35 has a portion projecting into and snugly fitting the slot 34, so that when a milled head 36 on the upper end of the screw 27 is rotated in one or the other direction, the nut 35 will be moved lengthwise of the frog in one or the other direction. This effects the longitudinal adjustment of the bit 23, which is provided at its rear surface with a notch 37 engaged by a pin 38 on the upper surface of the adjusting nut. The transverse adjustment of the bit, in order to keep its cutting edge in parallelism with the throat, is effected by the following mechanism: At the upper or butt end of the bit or plane iron 23 the latter is provided with a longitudinal slot 39 the opposite side edges of which are adapted to be engaged by a nose 40 of an adjusting lever 41 pivoted to the lug 83 by means of a pin 42. The pin 42 is intermediate of the ends of the lever 41 and said lever is movable in a plane substantially perpendicular to the plane of the frog body and the plane of the bit. The adjusting lever is preferably formed of a sheet metal piece bent into U-shape at one end to afford a gripping portion 43 by means of which the lever may be manipulated. The oscillatory movement of the lever in either direction is not interfered with by the adjusting screw, as the lever is provided with a clearance opening 44 of considerably larger size than the portion of the screw shank which extends through said opening (Fig. 12), and it will be manifest that as the lever 41 is swung on its pivot 42 in one direction, one side of the nose 40 will be engaged by one of the side edges of the slot 39, whereby the bit will be swung transversely of the plane in one direction. If the adjusting lever is moved in the opposite direction the transverse adjusting movement of the bit will be opposite to that first indicated. Hence by proper adjustment of the lever 41 the bit or plane iron can easily be brought to a position in which its cutting edge has the desired parallel relation to the throat 26. Of course, this transverse adjustment of the bit by means of the lever 41 is not affected by the longitudinal adjustment of the bit, for as the latter is moved lengthwise the nose 40 of the adjusting lever will be engaged with the slot 39 at different points in its length. This arrangement of the transverse adjusting means has the advantage that the lever is engaged with the bit in a simple but positive way in all the lengthwise adjustments of the bit, the leverage on the bit being quite sufiicient to move it with a slight effort. Moreover, the manipulating portion of the lever is located immediately adjacent and back of the head of the lengthwise adjustment screw, so that it may be reached and adjusted with maximum facility.

The clamp 23 for clamping the bit against the frog is adjusted longitudinally i. e. toward and away from the throat 26, by means of the following mechanism: The clamp has formed on the upper surface thereof opposing guide lugs 44 by means of which the clamp is guided along an adjusting plate 45. This plate has an elongated opening 46 in its body portion or shank to clear the clamping screw 47 which passes through a threaded hole 48 in the clamp 25 and bears at its inner end against the upper surface of the bit. The screw 47 is provided with a milled adjusting head 49. At its lower end the plate 45 is provided with a T-head 50 having on its upper surface a groove 51 extending transversely with respect to the adjusting plate and adapted to engage the under surface of a cross pin or bridge 52 fixed at its respective ends to the side walls or flanges of the stock. The plate 45 lies flat on the upper surface of the clamp 25 against which it is retained by the lugs 44, and when the T-head 50 of the plate has been engaged with the under portion of the cross pin 52 in the manner stated, the screwing in of the clamping screw 47 will obviously secure the clamp and the bit tightly in place, inasmuch as the cross pin 52 will act as a pivot about which the clamp is moved to bind its lower edge against the lower portion of the bit and the clamping screw 47 against the intermediate portion of the bit. The plate 45 therefore serves as an attachment for the clamp by means of which the latter may be placed in pivotal relation to the cross pin when the clamping screw 47 is properly adjusted, the clamp and adjusting plate being readily detachable from assembled position when the clamping screw is released from its binding engagement with the bit. At its upper end the plate 45 is provided with a threaded extremity 53 which engages interior screw threads of a milled adjusting nut 54 freely rotatable with respect to the clamp but movable longitudinally therewith. In the form shown, the hollow adjusting nut 54 is detachably seated in a boss or socket portion 55 formed integral with the upper end portion of the clamp. Beneath the boss 55, the under portion of the clamp is cut away at 555 to permit the nut 54 to be detachably seated in the boss, in which position a collar 56 on the nut is engaged with a groove 57 in the boss in order to prevent longitudinal movement of the nut in the latter when the parts are assembled. In assembling, the nut is placed in its seat in the boss and the threaded extremity 53 of the adjusting plate is then engaged with the interior screw threads of the nut. When the nut is rotated in such a direction as to pull the threaded extremity or shank 53 into the same, the displacement of the nut from its seat will be effectively prevented and as the nut is rotated in one or the other direction the clamp 25 will be obliged to move toward or away from the throat, as the case may be, inasmuch as the plate 45 is fixed relatively to the stock by means of its engagement with the cross pin 52. It will therefore be understood that with the construction described, the bit and the clamp may be easily moved into any desired relative positions. When a fine chip is to be taken, the screw 27 for effecting the longitudinal movement of the bit is so manipulated as to project the bit only to a very slight extent beyond the lower surface of the bed, and the nut 54 will be so manipulated as to move the lower edge of the clamp 25 into very close proximity to the cutting edge of the bit, as shown in Fig. 4. This adjustment of the clamp will have a certain effect in producing a fine chip and it will also effectively prevent chattering. In the position shown in Fig. 5, the plane is adjusted to take a large chip, the bit being projected farther out of the throat and the clamp being farther retreated from the edge of the bit. It will be understood from the foregoing that when the clamp has once been adjusted, it may be removed from the stock and then returned to its position in the stock without altering its original adjustment. Hence, it is possible to remove the bit for sharpening and to replace it in position without changing the clamp adjustment relative to the throat.

While the foregoing description is necessarily a detailed one in so far as it concerns the particular embodiment of my invention selected for illustration and description, it will be apparent that numerous modifications of the construction may be adopted within the scope of the appended claims.

I do not claim the mechanism for adjusting the bit or cutter, as said mechanism forms the subject of an application filed by William E. Sparks, on May 16, 1914, Serial No. 839,117.

What I claim is:

1. In a plane, the combination of a stock having a throat, a bit projecting into said throat, a pivotally movable clamp for the bit having a clamping screw to engage the upper surface of the bit, a bridge piece carried by the stock, and a lengthwise adjusting device for the clamp having pivotal engagement with said bridge piece whereby the clamp is moved pivotally about the bridge piece as said screw is adjusted; substantially as described.

2. In a plane, the combination of a stock having a cross pin, a bit supported in the stock, a pivotally movable clamp for the bit, and a lengthwise adjusting device for the clamp carried by the latter and having detachable pivotal engagement with said cross pin; substantially as described.

3. In a plane, a stock, a bit therein, a clamp for the bit, an adjusting plate guided relatively to the clamp in a lengthwise direction, a bridge piece on the stock with which said adjusting plate is detachably engaged, and means for moving the clamp lengthwise relatively to said adjusting plate; substantially as described.

4. In a plane, a stock, a bit therein, a clamp for the bit, an adjusting plate guided relatively to the clamp in a lengthwise direction, a bridge piece on the stock with which said adjusting plate is detachably engaged, and means for moving the clamp lengthwise relatively to said adjusting plate comprising an adjusting nut having a bearing in the clamp and engaged with threads on said adjusting plate; substantially as described.

5. In a plane, the combination of a stock, a bit therein, a clamp for the bit having guide lugs on its upper surface, a plate guided between said lugs and having a transverse groove, a bridge piece on the stock adapted to be engaged by said groove, and an adjusting device for moving the clamp lengthwise with respect to the plate when the latter is engaged with said bridge piece; substantially as described.

6. In a plane, the combination of a stock having a cross pin, a bit in the stock, a clamp for the bit carrying a clamping screw, a plate guided lengthwise of said clamp at the upper surface of the latter and having a groove to detachably engage said cross pin, and a nut having a bearing in said clamp and engaged with said plate to move the clamp lengthwise with respect to the latter; substantially as described.

7. In a plane, the combination of a stock having a throat, a frog in said stock, a bit supported on said frog and extending into said throat, a clamp having means to clamp the bit on the frog as said clamp is moved pivotally, a member slidably carried by the clamp at the upper surface of the latter, means providing for the longitudinal adjustment of said clamp and said member relative to each other, and means on the stock engaging said member from above, and providing a pivot for the clamp; substantially as described.

8. In a plane, the combination of a stock having a throat, a frog in said stock, a bit supported on said frog and extending into said throat, a cross pin carried by the stock above said throat, a clamp having a lower edge portion to engage the upper surface of the bit within the throat, a member slidable on said clamp and engageable with said cross pin to pivot the clamp and bodily removable from the stock with the clamp independently of the bit, and means for adjusting said member and said clamp relatively to each other to move the clamp into and out of the throat independently of the bit.

9. In a plane, the combination of a stock having a throat and a transverse bridge piece, a bit projecting into said throat, a clamp for the bit carrying a clamping screw adapted to engage the upper surface of the bit and clamp it in position by pivotal movement of said clamp relative to said transverse bridge piece, and a member on said clamp adapted to engage said bridge piece, and adjustable relative to the clamp, whereby the pivotal point of movement of the clamp may be varied; substantially as described.

10. In a plane, the combination of a stock having a throat, a bit projecting into said throat, a clamp adapted to project into the throat, a clamping screw threaded through the clamp to engage the upper surface of the bit, a bridge piece extending across the stock, an adjusting member having sliding relation with the clamp and detachable pivotal relation with said bridge piece whereby said clamp may be swung pivotally relative to said bridge piece at different points, and means connecting said clamp and said adjusting member and providing for a positive adjusting movement of said clamp into and out of the throat; substantially as described.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand on the 15th day of November 1912.

ALBERT A. PAGE.

Witnesses:
HENRY H. MUNSON,
CARL W. CARLSON.

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Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,090,225 – Plane (Albert A. Page) (1914)

[paiddownloads id=”694″]1090225

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ALBERT A. PAGE, OF EAST HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO SARGENT & COMPANY,
OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

1,090,225. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Mar. 17, 1914.
Application filed January 26, 1912. Serial No. 673,501.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT A. PAGE, a citizen of the United States, and resident of the town of East Haven, county of New Haven, and State of Connecticut, have invented new and useful lmprovements in Planes, of which the following is a specification when taken in connection with the accompanying drawing.

This invention relates to planes, and the primary object of the invention is to provide iinproved means for mounting a single adjusting element, such as an adjusting screw, which is capable of adjusting the bit laterally as well as longitudinally. The lateral adjusting rnevernent, which is provided for by a special mounting of the adjusting screw or other element, enables the plane bit to be oscillated to a certain extent relative to the longitudinal axis of the plane so that the cutting edge of the bit may be brought into exact parallelism with the throat in the stock or frame. At the same time, the adjusting screw, or its equivalent, retains its usual function of moving the plane bit longitudinally, i. e., into and out of the throat.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, the invention consists in the novel features and coinbinations of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawing, illustrating a preferred form of the invention, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the plane; Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the same with the cap removed; Fig. 3 is a fraginentary plan view of the rear portion of the plane, the cap and bit being omitted.; Fig. 4 is a detail plan view of the swivel socket or standard for the adjusting screw; Fig. 5 is a vertical transverse section through the stock, taken immediately in front of the socket for the adjusting screw; and F ig. 6 is a detail view of the adjusting screw and its pivot or swivel mernber.

Referring to the drawing, 10 indicates the body or stock of the plane, which may be of any preferred form.

11 is the usual throat in the bottom of the stock into which extends a bit 12 of customary form, surmounted by a cap 13 of ordinary construction. The bit 12 is secured in the stock by means of a screw (not shown) screwed into an internally threaded socket 14 rising from the bottom of the stock, said screw securing the cap 13 in place against the bit in any well known manner, and the longitudinal adjustment of the bit being provided for by a longitudinal slot 15, through which the aforesaid screw freely passes. When the bit and cap have been properly adjusted with respect to the screw projecting out of the socket 14, the parts are tightly clamped in place by means of a cam device 10 of any ordinary construction associated with the cap, as shown in Fig. 1.

The parts so far described are well known, and form no part of the present invention, which is chiefly concerned with the provision of a single adjusting device for giving the bit 12 lateral and longitudinal adjusting movements. This adjusting device comprises an adjusting screw 17 having its threaded shank 18 screwed into, and preferably through, a pivot or swivel member 19 which is so mounted on the bed of the stock as to enable it to be oscillated relative to the longitudinal axis of the plane. In the form shown, the swivel member 19 is of cylindrical shape and is fitled within a socket 20 rising from and preferably integral with the bed of the plane. This socket is provided interiorly with a forwardly and rearwardly inclined seat 21 in which the cylinder 19 is seated, and the cylinder 19 is retained in said seat by means of side walls 22 rising froin the socket 20 and conforming to the side walls of the cylinder 19, as shown in Fig. 3. The walls 22 are separated from each other at the front and rear of the socket by spaces 23 and 24, respectively, which enable the set screw 17 to be oscillated laterally to a certain extent, altliough the walls 22 form stops which limit the movement of the adjusting screw when it is swung toward the respective sides of the plane stock.

The screw 17 is manipulated by a milled head 25, and it is connected with the plane bit 12 by means of a neck portion 26 engaged by a bifurcated lug 27 swiveled in the rear portion of the bit, by means of a swivel pin 27a, as shown in Fig. 2.

It will be apparent that if the adjusting screw 17 is swung into line with the longitudinal axis of the plane, the screwing of said screw into and out of the member 19 will advance the cutting edge of the bit into and out of the throat 11 by a movement of the bit along the longitudinal axis of the plane. This adjustment may of course be effected when the cap 13 is in its clamping position. When the cutting edge of the bit is so ground that it does not lie at a right angle to the longitudinal axis of the bit, said cutting edge may be brought into parallelism with the throat 11 by swinging the adjusting screw to one side or the other of the plane, as shown in Fig. 2. This adjustment is also permitted while the cap is in its clamping position. By pushing the head 25 in the desired direction the screw 17 and its swivel member or pivot 19 will be moved angularly about the forwardly inclined axis of the socket 20, thereby shifting the bit into the desired position. The adjusting screw and its swivel member or pivot may be easily removed from the plane by simply lifting said swivel member or pivot out of the socket 20.

When the bit or cutter is swung laterally it usually turns about the point of contact of one of its forward corners with one of the side walls of the stock. The adjusting screw 17, on the other hand, turns about another point. For this reason the swiveling of the lug 27 on the bit is a valuable feature, inasmuch as the lug is free to follow the various movements of the screw without any binding effect.

The construction described has the great advantage that by a suitable manipulation of the head of the adjusting screw the cutting edge of the bit may be given a compound adjustment which will locate it almost instantaneously in the desired position in the throat of the plane.

One of the important features of the invention resides in the fact that while the standard 20 rises directly from the bed or bottom of the stock and thereby holds the adjusting screw very firmly in the proper position beneath the bit, said screw is mounted to oscillate in a plane parallel to the bit rather than in a plane parallel to the bottom or sole of the plane. This provides for a direct connection of the bit with the adjusting screw without the use of a number of special parts interposed between these instrumentalities. lt will be noted, moreover, that the bit is directly supported at its rear portion by the standard walls importance in place with the other marked inclined top surfaces of the 22, which is of considerable securing the bit firmly in aid of very few parts. An advantage arises from the fact that the adjusting screw can be freely lifted out of the swivel standard, so that after the cap has been removed the bit and adjusting screw can be lifted instantly out of the assembled position.

Without limiting myself to the precise construction shown, I claim:

1. ln a plane, a stock, a bit, a standard rising from the bed of the stock and directly engaging the under surface of the bit to support the same, an adjusting screw, and a carrying member for said adjusting screw swiveled in the upper end of said standard, between the standard and bit, to swing in a plane parallel to the bit; substantially as described.

2. ln a plane, a stock, a bit, a standard rising from the bed of the stock, and having an inclined upper end directly engaging the under surface of the bit, an adjusting screw, means permanently carried by the bit to engage said adjusting screw, and a carrying or pivot member for said adjusting screw set in the inclined upper portion of said standard directly beneath the bit, and arranged to oscillate in a plane parallel to the bit; substantially as described.

3. ln a plane, a stock having a socketed standard rising from the base thereof, a pivot member loosely seated in the socket of said standard to oscillate therein and freely removable from said standard, and an adjusting screw threaded through said pivot member; substantially as described.

4. In a plane, a stock having a socket portion rising from the base thereof, said portion presenting a socket having its axis inclined in a forward and rearward direction, and being provided with side walls spaced apart at the front and rear, a pivot member set in said socket, and an adjusting screw threaded through said pivot member and having an oscillatory movement limited by the side walls of the socket; substantially as described.

5. ln a plane, the combination of a stock, a bit supported therein for laterally oscillating movement, an adjusting screw for the bit swiveled laterally on the stock, said screw having a reduced neck portion, a lug depending from the rear portion of the bit and straddling said reduced neck portion of the adjusting screw, and a swiveled connection between said lug and said bit to permit the bit to turn eccentrically of the adjusting screw as said screw is moved laterally; sub-
stantially as described.

6. In a plane, a stock, a bit therein, an adjusting screw for the bit, a carrying member into which said screw is threaded, and a socket for said member on the bed of the stock comprising spaced side walls which limit the swinging movement of said screw; substantially as described.

7. ln a plane, a stock, a bit therein, an adjusting screw for the bit, an approximately cylindrical swivel member into which said screw is threaded, and a socket on the bed of the stock conforming to said cylindrical swivel member and mounting it to turn in a plane parallel to the bit; substantially as described.

8. In a plane, a stock, a bit therein, an adjusting screw for the bit, an approximately cylindrical carrying member into which said screw is threaded, a socket on the bed of the stock conforming to said cylindrical carrying member and mounting it directly beneath the under surface of the bit, and means to limit the lateral movement of said screw; substantially as described.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand on the 23rd day of January, 1912.

ALBERT A. PAGE.

Witnesses:
GERTRUDE E. SPANG,
BENJAMIN B. LUBINSKY.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,059,137 – Plane (John P. Gage) (1913)

[paiddownloads id=”691″]1059137

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN P. GAGE, OF VINELAND, NEW JERSEY.

PLANE.

_________________

1,059,137. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Apr. 15, 1913.
Application filed July 25, 1912. Serial No. 711,586.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN P. GAGE, a citizen of the United States, resident of Vineland, in the county of Cumberland and State of New Jersey, have made a certain new and useful Invention in Planes; and I declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

Figure 1 is a central vertical longitudinal section of the invention. Fig. 2 is a detail plan view of the plane stock. Fig. 3 is a detail plan view of the cutting plate and the guide clamp. Fig. 4 is a detail plan view of the cap iron.

The invention is designed to simplify and improve the carpenters’ plane, and particularly the block plane, in such wise as to provide advantages relating to its durability and useful facilities; and it consists in the novel construction and combinations of parts, as hereinafter set forth.

In the annexed drawings the numeral 2 indicates a plane stock; 3 a cap iron; 4 a cutting plate or bit, and 5 a guide clamp which is secured to the bit.

The plane stock is provided with integral inclined bearings 6 on the upper or inner surface of its bottom, in rear of the transverse slot 7 through which the cutting bit is designed to protrude, these bearings coinciding in their inclination with the beveled bearing 8 of the bottom, which extends to the acute rear margin of the slot. The front margin of this slot is formed by a transverse rib 9 which connects the side walls 12, 12, which are substantially parallel and form guides for the movement of the cap iron and bit. Connecting these walls, in the throat of the stock, above and in rear of the slot, is a cross bar or bearing 14, which is perforated and threaded for the passage of a strong set screw 15, the axial direction of which is designed to be substantially in line with that portion of the bottom which is adjacent to the acute edge of the transverse slot. The cutting plate or bit 4 is designed to rest on the bearings 6 and 8, and as the setting and securing devices are located above it, this cutting plate can be disposed at a very low angle, suitable for a plane of the character indicated.

The cutting plate or bit is provided with the usual series of adjustment slots, and on the upper surface of this plate is adjusted and secured the holding or guiding clamp 5, which consists of a longitudinal base portion 16 and an upward projection or lug 17 which is provided with a bearing recess 18, open at its upper end and provided with an open-top slot bearing in rear to receive the neck of an adjusting screw 19. The base of the holding clamp is provided with a threaded aperture for a clamp screw, extending through a slot of the cutter plate. The base of this clamp 5 has parallel sides, and it is designed to engage and slide in a parallel-side recess 20 in the bottom of the cap iron 3. The bottom of the cap iron is plane to lit neatly the top of the bit, at the sides of the clamp lug. The top of the cap iron is made with a beveled front wall 21, a sloping angular bearing 22 in rear of the top of this front wall and lateral bearings or lugs 13 in line with each other and designed to engage the transverse bar 14 of the plane stock when the cap iron is forced into position. The cap iron is provided with a middle opening or slot 23 for the reception of the clamp lug, and in rear of this opening is provided a transverse bearing 24 in which is made a threaded opening for engagement with the adjusting screw 19. The shouldered end of this adjusting screw engages neatly the bearing recess 18 of the clamp lug 5, so that the adjustment of this screw moves the clamp and cutter plate backward or forward with reference to the cap iron, which therefore forms the principal or purchase element for this adjustment.

In a plane of this character the cap iron is designed to be provided with a bowed handle portion or push bearing 25 of sufficient height and span to protect the adjusting screw and allow removal of the cutter and clamp.

The front of the cap iron is of proper height to pass easily under the transverse bar or bearing 14 of the stock. And when the cutting plate, properly and securely fastened to its guide clamp, is provided with its cap iron in engagement with the adjusting screw, a combination of parts is formed which is designed to be placed on the bottom inclines of the stock and, if the set screw 15 is raised, will easily slide forward to position. In normal position the bearings 13 of the cap iron abut against the bar 14 of the stock, and the sloping bearing 22 lies under this bar. The screw 15 being now set down firmly against this sloping bearing, operates to drive the cap iron forcibly home against the transverse bar or bearing 14, and to clamp the cap iron firmly in place on the cutter plate. Adjustment of the bit is easily effected by means of the adjusting screw of the cap iron.

This plane is designed to be in a manner self-setting as its cap iron and plane iron fit together accurately beforehand, and when simply laid in place will slide forward to true position. When the cutting plate is properly secured to its guide clamp, no adjustment of the holding or setting parts is required, except in regard to the operation of the set screw and the adjusting screw. The simple devices of this plane can be taken apart and put together exactly as they were in a few seconds.

The setting and holding devices of the plane are placed above the cutting plate, in such wise that the latter may be arranged at as low an angle as may be required. The cap and plane iron are forced to accurate position and held therein by a single set screw, and without other care and attention than is required to turn the screw forcibly home.

In taking out the bit and cap iron no movement of the adjusting screw is required. The set screw being loosened up sufficiently, the cap iron, guide clamp and cutting plate will slide back and, without moving the adjusting screw, the cap-iron can be lifted from the cutter plate. Upon replacing the parts without adjustment of the screw of the cap iron, the bit takes its former position with relation to the cap iron accurately, so that when placed in the stock the cap iron will take normal position therein and there will be no change in its shaving adjustment. It is designed to provide in this plane practical operating parts which will when once adjusted always go together in accurate and true position with relation to each other to secure the same thickness of shaving without further operation of means of adjustment.

Having described the invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a plane, a stock having a threaded bearing, a cutter plate, a slotted cap iron on said plate having a threaded bearing, a guide clamp for said plate having an upward projecting bearing lug engaging the slot of the cap iron, an adjusting screw in the threaded bearing of the cap iron engaging said bearing lug, and a set screw in the threaded bearing of the stock engaging the cap iron.

2. In a plane, a stock having bottom inclines extending to its cutter slot, a cutter plate, a slotted cap iron provided with an adjusting screw, a guide clamp secured to the upper face of said plate and engaging the slot of the cap iron and having a bearing engaging said adjusting screw, and a set screw for the cap iron engaging a bearing of the stock.

3. In a plane, the combination with a stock having lateral parallel guide walls, bottom inclines and a threaded bearing over said bottom inclincs and a cutting plate engaging said inclines, of a cap iron engaging said guide walls and said cutting plate, a guide clamp for the cutting plate and engaging the cap iron, a set screw engaging the threaded bearing of the stock, and means in connection with said cap iron for adjusting said guide clamp and its plate to said cap iron.

4. In a plane, a stock having bearing and a threaded bearing in its throat, a cap iron having a front sloping bearing and lateral lugs to engage said transverse bearing, a cutter plate, means for adjustably connecting the cutter plate and cap iron and a set screw engaging the threaded bearing of the stock and the sloping bearing of the cap iron.

5. In a plane, a stock having bottom inclines and a threaded transverse bar over the same, a cap iron having a sloping front bearing and lugs to engage said bar, a guiding clamp for the cutter plate having sliding engagement with said cap iron, and means in connection with the latter for adjusting the guiding clamp and its cutter plate.

6. In a plane, the combination with a plane stock having bottom inclines, a threaded bearing over the same and a set screw therein, of a cutter plate on said inclines, a guiding clamp secured to the top of the cutter plate, a cap iron engaging the top of the cutter plate, and an adjusting screw engaging the cutter plate, and an adjusting screw engaging the guide clamp and the cap iron.

7. In a plane, the combination with a plane stock having bottom inclines and a set screw engaging a bearing of said stock above said inclines, of a cutter plate on said inclines, a guiding clamp secured to said cutter plate, an adjusting screw engaging said guiding clamp, and a normally stationary cap iron engaging the stock, the cutter plate, the guiding clamp, the set screw and the adjusting screw.

8. In a plane, a stock having bottom inclines, a set screw engaging a bearing of said stock above said inclines, a cutter plate on said inclines, a guiding clamp secured to the top of said plate, a normally stationary cap iron clamped on top of said plate by the set screw, and an adjusting screw connecting the cap iron and the guiding clamp.

9. A plane having a parallel-wall stock, low bottom inclines, and a bearing of said stock substantially over the cutter slot, a cutter plate on said inclines, a guiding clamp secured to the top of the cutter plate, a normally stationary cap iron on top of said cutter plate, an adjusting screw connecting the cap iron and the guiding clamp, and a set screw in a bearing of said stock engaging said cap iron.

10. In a plane, a parallel-wall stock having a transverse bearing, a cutter plate, a cap iron normally abutting against said bearing, a guiding clamp on top of said cutter plate, an adjusting screw, a set screw, and means in connection with said cap iron and set screw for forcing the cap iron to normal position against said bearing.

11. In a plane, a parallel-wall stock having a threaded transverse bearing in its throat, a cutter plate, a guiding clamp secured to its top, a cap iron engaging said clamp and abutting against the transverse bearing and having a push handle, an adjusting screw connecting said cap iron and guiding clamp, and a set screw engaging said transverse bearing and the cap iron.

12. In a plane, the combination with a parallel-wall stock, a transverse threaded bearing bar in its throat and a set screw in said bar, of a cutter plate, an adjustable clamping guide secured thereon, and a cap iron having normal position abutting said bar and engaged by said set screw.

13. In a plane, the combination with a stock and a threaded transverse bar in its throat, of a cutter plate, a guiding clamp above the cutter plate, a cap iron, means of adjustment connecting the guiding clamp and its cutter plate to the cap iron, and a set screw engaging said threaded transverse bar.

14. A cap iron of a plane having a central guide slot to engage a projection of a clamp for the bit, a threaded bearing in rear of said slot for an adjusting screw to engage said clamp, lateral lugs controlling its normal position in the stock, and a sloping angular bearing adapted to operate under the pressure of a set screw of the stock to force the cap iron to normal position.

15. A plane having in its throat a transverse bearing bar, a cutter plate, movable guiding means for clamping said cutter plate, movable means for adjusting and holding the clamping means, and means in connection withsaid transverse bearing bar for forcing the adjusting and holding means to normal fixed position against said transverse bar.

16. The combination with a parallel-wall stock having a transverse bar and bottom inclines, of a sliding cutter plate, a guide clamp carried thereby, a cap iron engaging said guide clamp, means of adjustment connecting the guide clamp and cap iron, and means for securing the cap iron in its lowest position against the transverse bar.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN P. GAGE.

Witnesses:
SADIE HOFFMAN,
H. D. STANNARD.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
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No. 936,085 – Woodworker’s Plane (James Horace Brown) (1909)

[paiddownloads id=”665″]936085

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JAMES HORACE BROWN, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

WOODWORKER’S PLANE.

_________________

936,085. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Oct. 5, 1909.
Application filed November 17, 1908. Serial No. 462,996.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES HORACE BROWN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Mattapan, Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and Improved Woodworker’s Plane, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The purpose of this invention is to provide novel details of construction for a plane, that facilitates the exact adjustment of the cutter bit laterally and longitudinally in the throat of the plane stock, enable the quick and exact graduation for size of the throat opening in said stock, provide novel means for clamping the cutter bit when adjusted in the throat opening.

The invention consists in the novel construction and combination of parts, as is hereinafter described and defined in the subjoined claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is a partly sectional side view of the improved plane, substantially on the line 1–1 in Fig. 2; Fig. 2 is a partly sectional plan view, substantially on the line 2–2 in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a fragmentary plan view, partly in section on the line 3–3 in Fig. 1; Fig. 11 is a sectional side view of details shown in Fig. 1, but showing a changed adjustment thereof and Fig. 5 is a partly sectional view of parts, taken substantially on the line 5–5 in Fig. 1.

The stock for the plane is cast into form from metal, and essentially consists of a flat base plate 10 having vertical walls 10a formed along its side edges, and said side walls having their greater height near their longitudinal centers are curved on their upper edges, as shown for one side wall in Figs. 1 and 4. At a suitable distance from the front end of the stock 10, a transverse throat opening a is formed in the base portion thereof, and at the front and rear edges of said throat, oppositely inclined defining walls a1, a2 are formed on said base portion, as is clearly shown in Fig. 1. Rearward of the throat opening a and parallel therewith, a post 11 is erected on the base 10, said post extending from one side wall 10a to the opposite one, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, and being located near the longitudinal center of the plane stock.

Novel means is employed for graduating the width of the slot opening a, consisting in the provision of a wedge-shaped tongue piece 12, seated upon the inclined rear defining wall a2 of the slot a, said tongue piece extending across the stock into loose engagement with the inner surfaces of the side walls 10a. The tongue piece 12 is provided with a rearward extension 12a in the form of a flat plate, having at its end a fork 12 projecting from its lower face and adjacent to said fork a cross slot b. The post 11 is thickened near its junction with the base 10, and in said thickened portion a threaded perforation is formed, in which the threaded body of an adjusting said screw screw 13 is screwed, said screw having a roughened head 13a formed or secured on the rear end thereof. The screw 13 extends between the members of the fork 12b and is provided at its end with a collar 13b which projects into the slot b, so that by manipulating the screw the tongue piece 12 can be adjusted to increase or decrease the width of the slot a. The connection between the tongue and screw, permits the tongue to be readily detached from the screw and removed when desired.

The cutter bit 14 of the plane, is in the form of a flat metal plate, preferably formed of steel and having one end beveled to produce a transverse cutting edge c thereon. At the transverse center, a longitudinal slot d is formed in the cutter bit 14 extending of a suitable length between the ends thereof. The cutter bit 14 is seated upon the tongue piece 12 and the upper end of the post 11, said end being sloped forward and downward, as shown in Fig. 1, to adapt it for a proper support of the bit. The bit 14 is held seated upon the tongue piece 12 and post 11 by a novel clamping device that also serves the purpose of a cap plate for the cutter bit, said device comprising the following details: A resilient thin metal plate 15 having a proper length, and a width that is equal with that of the cutter bit, is secured by one end that is uppermost in service upon a spacing block 16 whereon a resilient hook plate 17 is also secured. The spacing block 16 is a flat rectangularly-edged slab of metal from the rear end of which projects a flange 16a at a right angle, said block having parallel sides. The hook is of an equal width with the resilient cap plate 15, and these plates at their upper ends are oppositely lapped upon the upper and lower surfaces of the spacing block 16, whereon they are secured by a rivet or screw, as shown at e. Upon the lower or forward end of the plate 17, a transverse hook g is formed, that is adapted for a hooked engagement with a keeper bar 18 that extends across the stock of the plane above and in contact with the cap plate 15, and is secured by its ends in the side walls 10a of said stock. It will be seen that the hooked engagement of the plate 17 with the keeper bar 18, will hold the cap plate 15 imposed upon the cutter bit 14; and to enforce said engagement set screws h are inserted in the cap plate and spacing block 16, that will graduate the pressure of the cap plate in accord with the degree of projection given the set screws, that bear on said cutter bit near each side edge thereof, as shown in Figs 1, 2 and 4.

In the post 11, near its upper edge, a screw 19 is secured by one end thereof, and thence extends rearward and upward. Upon the threaded body of the screw 19, a sleeve nut i1 is loosely mounted, said nut having a radial flange i formed thereon, and upon a portion of the cylindrical body of said nut, a thread is cut. Upon the threaded body of the nut i1, a nut i2 having a body similar to the flange i is adjustably mounted and adapted for rotatable movement toward or from the flange i. Near the upper end of the cutter bit 14, a transverse slot d1 is formed that crosses the longitudinal slot d. Below the slot d, the adjusting screw 19 is positioned and in such close relation to the cutter bit 14 that the radial flange i1 and the nut i2 will project into the transverse slot a1 and by lateral adjustment may be caused to have lateral contact with the side edges of said slot.

It will be seen that by a screwed adjustment of the nuts i, i2, on the body of the adjusting screw 19, there may be an exact longitudinal adjustment given to the cutter bit let for its projection or retraction in the transverse throat slot a; further, by screwing the flange i1 and nut i2 into an engagement with the defining sides of the cross slot d1, the cutter bit 14 will be firmly held at a desired point of longitudinal adjustment thereof.

Upon the adjusting screw 19, near the post 11, a lever 20 is mounted and secured near one end thereof, a toe m extending from the upper end of said lever through the slot d, having a loose engagement with the defining side edges thereof, the main portion of said lever projecting down near to the base 10, and it will be noted that a side movement of the lever will slightly rock the cutter bit 14 accordingly and thus depress a respective corner of the cutting edge of the bit, enabling an exact adjustment of said edge to adapt it to have a true bearing on the material over which the plane is moved in planing it.

At the front end, a knob 21 is secured that projects vertically from the plane stock, this being a common provision to enable hand pressure to be applied upon the front end of the plane.

The handle 22 of the plane, is provided with a forwardly-projecting flange n at the lower end thereof, said flange having a notch o in the front edge, which receives a stud o1 formed on the rear portion of the base of the stock at its transverse center. The body of the handle 22, is preferably given skeleton form, that affords a flat bottom wall n1 thereon, which is centrally perforated and registers with a threaded perforation formed at the transverse center of the base portion 10; and it will be seen that if the stud o1 is placed in the notch o and a screw p is inserted through the perforation in the handle down into the threaded perforation in the base 10, the handle 22 will be firmly but detachably secured upon the plane stock.

It will be apparent from the foregoing description, that the cutter bit 14 may be given different degrees of inclination on the stock by an adjustment of the tongue piece 12 toward or from the throat slot a; the cap plate 15 may be adjusted for graduating its pressure on the cutter bit and is not connected therewith other than by frictional contact. The provision of the adjusting screw 19 and flanged nuts i and i2 thereon that are adjustable in the cross slot d1, greatly facilitates the exact adjustment of the bit 14 so as to cut a thick or thin shaving from the material operated upon, and this in conjunction with the lever 20 enables a close accurate adjustment to be given to the edge of the cutter bit.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In a plane, the combination with a stock having a base portion and side walls thereon, said base having a transverse throat opening therein, a post erected on the base a distance rearward from the throat opening, and a cutter bit seated upon the tongue piece and upon the post, of a clamping device comprising a resilient cap plate, a hook plate, a spacing block whereon the end portions of the cap plate and hook plate are secured, a hook formed transversely on the free end of the hook plate, a keeper bar secured at its ends in the side walls of the stock and whereon the hook plate is hooked, and means for enforcing spring pressure of the clamping device upon the cutter bit.

2. In a plane of the character described, the clamping device for the cutter bit, comprising the resilient cap plate, the hook plate having a hook on one end thereof, the spacing block secured between the adjacent ends of the cap plate and hook plate, and adjusting screws carried by the spacing block.

3. In a plane, the combination with a stock having a transverse member, and a cutter bit, of a resilient cap plate engaging the bit, a member carried by the cap plate and engaging the transverse member of the stock, and means for increasing the pressure of the cap plate upon the bit.

4. In a plane, the combination with a stock having a transverse member above the base thereof, and a cutter bit, of a resilient cap plate engaging the bit, a member secured at its upper end to the cap plate and having a hook at its lower end engaging the transverse ineniber of the stock, and screws arranged between the cap plate and bit for increasing the pressure of said cap plate.

5. In a plane, the combination with a stock having side walls and provided with a bar extending between the side walls of the stock, and a cutter bit, of an angular block, two resilient plates secured upon opposite sides of one member of the said block, one plate resting upon the cutter bit and the other provided with a hook at its free end engaging the said bar, and screws projecting from the inner face of the said block and engaging the cutter bit.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JAMES HORACE BROWN.

Witnesses:
MICHAEL F. HART,
F. HOWARD HALLETT.

No. 871,001 – Bench-Plane (Ernest W. Smith) (1907)

[paiddownloads id=”651″]871001

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ERNEST W. SMITH, OF GRAND MARAIS, MICHIGAN.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

871,001. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Nov. 12, 1907.
Application filed July 5, 1907. Serial No. 382,245.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ERNEST W. SMITH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Grand Marais, in the county of Alger and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention is a bench plane, and has for its object an improved bit-adjustment by means of which a lateral, as well as longitudinal, adjustment of the bit is had.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section. Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line 3–3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a plan view of a portion of the bit-stock with the bit and adjusting means removed. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the various parts constituting the invention showing them separated.

Referring specifically to the drawings, 10 denotes the stock of the plane having at its rear end the usual handle 11 and at its front end a knob 12. The bit 13 projects through the throat 14 in the sole 15 of the stock as usual. The handle 11 is secured to the stock by a clamping screw 16 which passes through the handle and into a frog 17 on the stock, the lower end of the handle being recessed to receive the frog. The knob 12 is fastened to the stock in a similar manner.

Adjacent the throat 14 is a frog 18 to which the bit and its adjusting means are attached. Near the top of the frog is a recess 19 in which a frame 20 is pivotally mounted on a screw 21 passing through the frame and into the frog. The lower end of the recess 19 is undercut as indicated at 22 to receive a rib 23 on the lower end of the frame which is for the purpose of guiding the movement of the latter. In the back of the frame near its lower end is a recess 24 from which an opening 25 extends through the frame. In the recess is seated a worm-wheel 26 having a hub 27 which passes through the opening 25, and above the frame 20 the hub is toothed as indicated at 28 to form a pinion. The hub and worm-wheel are formed in one piece and are mounted on a screw 29, the head 30 of which is spaced from the pinion 28 with a sleeve 31 and a washer 32 on the screw between said parts. The worm-wheel and hub are made fast to the screw by a small set-screw 33. Between the wall of the recess 24 and the top of the worm-wheel 26, is a ball-bearing 34. On one side of the frame 20 is a boss 35 having a bearing for the shaft of a worm 36 which meshes with the worm-wheel 26.

The bit 13 is supported on top of the frame 20, and below the same on the frog 18, and has a longitudinal slot 37 in which the pinion 28 works. On one side of the slot is a rack 38 which is in mesh with the pinion, by means of which longitudinal adjustment of the bit is had. The pinion is rotated through the worm-gearing therein described. The worm shaft is fitted with a knurled knob 39 for turning it.

The cap 40 for clamping the bit in adjusted position has a slot 41 provided with a rabbet 42. This slot receives the sleeve 31, and the head 30 of the screw 29 engages the rabbet, the washer 32 being placed therebetween. The sleeve is loose on the screw and thus serves as an antifriction roller. Near one end of the slot, the rabbet is discontinued whereby an enlargement is had to permit the removal of the cap. The cap is clamped to the bit by a cam 43 which has antifriction rollers 44.

Upon releasing the cap by disengaging the cam 43, the bit can be adjusted laterally to line its cutting edge with the sole of the stock by swinging the frame 20 on its pivot 21, and for this purpose the upper end of the frame has an extension or finger piece 45. When the frame is swung as stated the bit swings in the opposite direction by reason of the relative location of the hub 27 and the pivot 21. The cap 40 swings with the bit, and after the desired adjustment is made the bit will be clamped by the cap in the ordinary manner.

The parts herein described securely hold the bit at adjustment and it cannot slip back when striking a knot or other hard substance. Friction is minimized, and the parts are easily operated. The location of the knob 39 is such that it can be operated by the thumb and forefinger without removing the hand from the handle 11.

I claim:–

1. A plane comprising a stock, a frog adjacent the throat thercof, a bit-carrying frame pivoted on the frog, a worm-wheel mounted in the frame and having a toothed hub, a worm and its shaft mounted in the frame, means for turning the worm-shaft, a bit having a longitudinal slot provided with a rack meshing with the toothed hub, a slotted cap on the bit, a screw extending from the aforesaid hub and having its head seating in the slot ot the cap, and clamping means for the cap.

2. A plane comprising a stock, a frog adjacent the throat thereof provided with an undercut recess, a bit-carrying frame pivoted on the frog and having a guide-rib extending into the undercut portion of the aforesaid recess, and means for clamping the bit to the frame.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

ERNEST W. SMITH.

Witnesses:
COLIN D. DOIG,
WILLIAM VION.

No. 865,491 – Bench-Plane (Burton M. Graves And Frank N. Loson) (1907)

[paiddownloads id=”645″]865491

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

BURTON M. GRAVES AND FRANK N. LOSON, OF LOWVILLE, NEW YORK.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

865,491. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Sept. 10, 1907.
Application filed May 7, 1906. Serial No. 315,549.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, BURTON M. GRAVES and FRANK N. LOSON, citizens ol the United States, residing at Lowville, in the county of Lewis and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

Our invention relates to an improved bench plane, and we declare that the following is a lull, clear, concise and exact description thereof sufficient to enable one skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accoinpanying drawings in which like letters and numerals refer to like parts throughout.

The invention comprises the several utilities shown in the drawings and herein fully pointed out with references to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view ot the plane; Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a sliding block which carries the blade; Fig, 3 is a cross section view on the line y–y Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a view of the block and its adjusting parts taken from the rear; Fig. 5 is a partial section view on the line x–x of Fig. 1 & Fig. 6 is a view of a part.

ln the drawings 1 represents the stock of the plane having the side rails 2, handle 3 and grip 4. The stock is of ordinary construction and as are also the side rails 2 extending from the front to the rear and integral with the stock and being raised torward of the middle to support between them the chipping block 5 which may be made integral or fixed suitably. The blade is represented by 6 and has openings centrally disposed and numbered 7 through one of which pin 8 passes to support the blade.

The parts which support the blade include a sliding member 9 which may be moved to and fro on the upper face of the stock between the side rails. At its rear it has cutout 10 to receive stud 11 which is integral with the stock or fixed thereto and which is pierced at its upper end to receive pin 12 on which cam 13 is pivotally mounted so that its lower portion, indicated by 13a, bears on the front and rear faces of the cutout 10 to move the block 9 to and fro as the cam is turned to crowd the blade into position or to withdraw it. The block 9 has an extension 9a which, together with the block, is suitably grooved and recessed to receive the worm 14 which is operated by the thuinbscrew 14a to be mounted on the stem of the worm after the parts are assembled. On the front and beveled face of the block 9 and dovetailed into it is a slidably mounted adjusting block 15 having its under edge transversely cut to receive the threads of the worm 14 so that by the turning of the worm the block 15 may be raised or lowered. Near the upper end of the sliding block 15 is a dovetail to receive transverse sliding block 16 on which is mounted pin 8 to support the blade 6. The sliding block 16 is upset at the end to carry the screw 17 which engages the sliding block 15 and by the operation oi which the block 16 is moved laterally to give proper side tilt or adjustment to the blade. By the cooperation ol these two adjusting means the blade can be positioned as needed to bring the blade 6 against the chipping block 5.

Ordinarily the adjustment of the blade is made to control the thickness of the shaving, but we have devised a further improvement readily adjustable to conditions without necessitating the troublesome readjustment of the blade after it has once been put in proper alinement and feed. The hand-grip 4 is screw mounted on the pin 17, and between the hand-grip and the stock of the plane we provide plate 18 slotted longitudinally as at 19 lor the pin 17. The inner end of the plate is substantially the width of the space between the side rails 2 and at the end toward the blade is bent downwardly and parallel with the face of the stock. The side rails are slightly notched, as indicated at 2a, and the edges 18a of the plate 18 are extended to fit into said grooves, the grooves being slightly extended to permit to and fro movement of the plate so that the front edge of the plate 18 is slightly wider than the blade 6. By slightly unscrewing the grip 4 the plate can be moved to and fro to widen or narrow the space between its edge and the tip of the blade so as to control the amount of work to be done or material to be removed by the operation of the plane.

Having described our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. A plane having a throat-opening enlarged forwardly of the blade and bounded on the side by the side rails of the plane, the said rails having their lower edges notched on the inner face thereof from about the blade-tip to the forward end of the throat, and a plate slidably mounted on the fore-stock and between the rails and extended to and into the throat and thence bent to provide a bottom face level with the bottom face of the stock, the plate at said end having an edge extended to fit into the said notch in the side rails, substantially as described.

2. A plane having a forwardly extended throat and an adjusting plate adjustably mounted on the forestock and extending into the throat and of a width equal to the distance between the side rails at the top of the throat-opening but widening at the bottom of said opening to extend laterally beyond the inner faces of the side rails, the bottom edges of the side rails being cut out and partly therethrough to receive the said widened portion of the plate, substantially as shown.

In testimony whereof we affix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

BURTON M. GRAVES.
FRANK N. LOSON.

Witnesses:
SAMUEL P. GURNSEY,
EMERSON GRAVES.

No. 840,418 – Carpenter’s Plane (William F. Arnold) (1907)

[paiddownloads id=”637″]840418

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLIAM F. ARNOLD, OF OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA.

CARPENTER’S PLANE.

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840,418. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Jan. 1, 1907.
Application filed September 12, 1906. Serial No. 334,372.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM F. ARNOLD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Oakland, in the county of Alameda and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carpenters’ Planes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the class of carpenters’ planes, and is applicable to smoothers, jointers, or jack-planes.

The objects of my invention are to provide a better bearing in the stock for the shoe, to avoid cutting too much of the stock away to let the shoe in, to provide an accurate adjustment for the cutting-bit without friction or lost motion, and to provide an effective and easily-operated means for clamping the cutting-bit to the shoe.

To these ends my invention consists in the novel constructions and combinations, which I shall hereinafter fully describe by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which —

Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of a plane embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the top bit. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the cutting-bit. Fig. 4 is a plerspective view of the shoe.

1 is the stock, aving the throat 2, handle 3, and button 4.

5 is the shoe. Its lower end, or, as it may be termed, its “sole” 6, is flat, with a beveled toe 7 and a shouldered heel 8. Through the sole is made the bit-opening 9. The sides of the sole are bounded by low flanges 10.

In the shank of the shoe is formed a groove 11, which near its upper portion is out through to form a slot 12. In the groove 11 is seated a slide 13, on the upper surface of which is a bit-holding lug 14. This lug may be of any shape, here shown rectangular, and there may be more than one of them, two being here shown. From the under side of the slide projects a lug 15, which plays in the slot 12 of the shoe-shank. The end of said shank is formed with a downwardly-projecting lug 16. An adjusting-screw 17 is seated in lugs 16 and 15, said screw having, as shown in Fig. 1, its outer portion 18, which passes through lug 16, right-hand threaded and its inner portion 19 reduced and left-hand threaded to opperate in lug 15. By this reversal of the threads the screw 17 is enabled to move the slide 13 up or down.

The shoe 5 has a central binding-screw 20, and on each side it has slots 21, in which are fitted holding-screws 22. The shoe 5 is fitted to the stock 1 by passing it up through the throat 2 from below, so that, as seen in Fig. 1, its sole 6 fits up flush with the bottom of the stock, the throat being correspondingly cut away to receive said sole. At this point two improvements are to be noted. The first is that by having the shouldered heel 8 fitting squarely, as seen in Fig. 1, against a substantial thickness of the stock the latter at this point is not, as is usual, cut down to a feather-edge, which is a defect, both in affording a weak bearing and in permitting the entrance of slivers; but with the substantial heel 8, bearing against a good thickness of wood, afirm bearing is obtained against end thrust, and no splinters can enter. The second point is that by having the low side flanges 10 on the sole of the shoe I need cut away but a small portion of the throat-walls to receive them flush.

In the ordinary construction in which the side flanges of the shoe run up high to receive the cross-pin which forms part of the bit-holding devices a great part of the throat-walls has to be cut away to let them in. This weakens the stock across the throat, and many stocks break in falling; but with the low flanges 10 of my construction a minimum of wood is cut away to fit them, and said flanges can be low, because I dispense with the customary cross-pin which they usually carry.

The shoe 5 is adjustably secured to the stock by the holding-screws 22, (seen in Fig. 4,) which are deep-seated in the wood. The binding-screw 20 also enters the wood, as seen in Fig. 1.

23 is the cutting-bit. It is formed with a long slot 24, provided with enlargements 25. The cutting-bit lies upon the shoe 5, its slot 24 fitting over the binding-screw 20 and its enlargements 25 fitting over the holding-lugs 14 of the slide 13.

The top bit shown in Fig. 2 is composed, as usual, of the blank blind bit 26 and the top cap 27. The two are adjustably fitted together by the screws 23, passing through the slots 29. A slot 30 in the top cap and an alined slot 31 in the blind bit, Fig. 1, enable them to be fitted over the binding-screw 20.

The novel feature of the to bit is the slitting of the blind bit 26 to form a spring-tongue 31, Fig. 2. Against this spring-tongue bears a pressure-screw 32, seated in the top cap, which has the function when the top bit is in place, as shown in Fig. 1, of forcing the spring-tongue down upon the cutting-bit, which pressure being resisted by the binding-screw 20 effectually clamps both top bit and cutting-bit to the shoe. By relieving this pressure, as by turning back the pressure-screw 32, the cutting-bit can be properly adjusted through the action of the adjusting-screw 17. The shoe itself can be adjusted as the stock wears, and the top bit can be adjusted on the cutting-bit to determine the shaving.

The advantage of the right and left threaded adjusting-screw 17 is that its threaded bearing in the slide-lug 15 is less liable to friction and to wear and tear resulting in lost motion than if a plain collar-bearing were used, as is customary. It is accurate and easy in its movement.

Another advantage of my invention lies in the connections between the cutting-bit and the adjacent parts which result in freeing said bit of all directly-connected lugs or other attachments which tend to interfere with the work of sharpening it. As I have it there is nothing connected with it and it is left clean to be handled as required.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. In a carpenter’ s plane, a shoe having its sole formed with a shouldered heel to bear against a corresponding shoulder in the stock-throat.

2. In a carpenter s plane, the combination of a stock, the throat of which at the lower terminus of its rear wall is formed with a bearing-shoulder, and a shoe the sole of which is formed with a shouldered heel bearing against the shoulder of the stock-throat.

3. In a carpenter’s plane, the combination of a shoe secured in the stock-throat, the shank of said shoe having a groove terminating in a slot at its upper end; a slide seated in said shoe-shank groove, and having a lug passing down through said slot said slide having also a holding-lug on its upper surface; a cutting-bit having an opening to engage the holding-lug of the slide; means for clamping the bit to the shoe ; and means engaging the downwardly-extending lug of the slide for adjusting said slide.

4. In a carpenter’s plane, the combination of a shoe secured in the stock-throat, the shank of said shoe having a groove terminating in a slot at its upper end; a slide seated in said shoe-shank groove and having a holding-lug on its upper surface; a cutting-bit having an opening to engage the holding-lug, means for clamping the bit to the shoe; and means for adjusting the bit consisting of a lug on the slide playing down through the shoe-shank slot, a lug on the shoe, and a right and left hand threaded screw seated in said lugs.

5. In a carpenter’s plane, the combination of a shoe secured in the stock-throat, the shank of said shoe having a groove terminating in a slot at its upper end; a slide seated in said shoe-shank groove; a cutting-bit; inter-engaging devices between the bit and slide; means for clamping the bit to the shoe; and means for adjusting the bit consisting of a lug on the slide playing down through the shoe-shank slot, a lug on the shoe, and a right and left hand threaded screw seated in said lugs.

6. In a carpenter’s plane, the combination of a shoe secured in the stock-throat; a cutting-bit adjustably seated on the shoe; a top bit comprising a blank blind bit and a top cap, said blind bit being slit to form a spring-tongue; a pressure-screw in the top cap to force the spring-tongue down upon the cutting-bit; and a binding-screw passing through the top bit, the cutting-bit and the shoe, into the stock, to resist the pressure-screw, whereby the cutting-bit is clamped to the shoe.

7. In a carpenter’s plane, the combination of a shoe secured in the stock-throat; a slide seated in the shoe and having a holding-lug on its face; means for adjusting the slide; a cutting-bit having an opening engaging the holding-lug of the slide; a top bit comprising a blank blind bit and a top cap, said blind bit being slit to form a spring-tongue; a pressure-screw in the top cap to force the spring-tongue down upon the cutting-bit; and a binding-screw passing through the top bit, the cutting-bit and the shoe, into the stock, to resist the pressure-screw, whereby the cutting-bit is clamped to the shoe.

8. In a carpenter’s plane, the combination of a shoe secured in the stock-throat; a slide seated in the shoe and having a holding-lug on its face; means for adjusting the slide consisting of a lug on the slide, a lug on the shoe and a right and left hand threaded screw engaging said lugs; a cutting-bit having an opening engaging the holding-lug of the slide; a top bit comprising a blank blind bit and a top cap, said blind bit having a spring-tongue; a pressure-screw in the top cap to force the spring-tongue down upon the cutting-bit; and a binding-screw passing through the top bit, the cutting-bit and the shoe, into the stock, to resist the ressure-screw, whereby the cutting-bit is clamped to the shoe.

9. In a carpenter’s plane, the combination of a shoe having its solle formed with a shouldered heel and bounded by low side flanges, said sole being iet into corresponding depressions in the stock, a slide seated in the shoe and having a holding-lug on its face; means for adjusting the slide, consisting of a lug on the slide, a lug on the shoe and a right and left hand threaded screw engaging said lugs; a cutting-bit having an opening engaging the holding-lug of the slide; a top bit comprising a blank blind bit and a top cap, said blind bit having a spring-tongue; a pressure-screw in the top cap to force the spring-tongue down upon the cutting-bit; and a binding-screw passing through the top bit, the cutting-bit and the shoe, into the stock, to resist -the pressure-screw, whereby the cutting-bit is clamped to the shoe.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM F. ARNOLD.

Witnesses:
CHARLES H. TAYLOR,
N. A. ACKER.

No. 820,639 – Plane (Andrew N. Gabrielson) (1906)

[paiddownloads id=”632″]820639

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ANDREW N. GABRIELSON, OF MOUNT IRON , MINNESOTA.

PLANE.

_________________

820,639. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented May 15, 1906.
Application filed December 18, 1905. Serial No. 292,203.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ANDREW N. GABRIELSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Mount Iron, in the county of St. Louis, State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to planes, and more particularly to hand-planes, and has for its object to provide a plane which may be used either as a jack-plane or a smoothing-plane and which will be provided with guides arranged for movement into and out of position to lie against the working face of the board to insure even planing of the edges thereof.

Other objects and advantages will be apparent from the following description.

In the drawings forrning a portion of this specification, and in which like numerals of reference indicate similar parts in both views, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the present plane with the guides in the rabbets and showing them in lowered position in dotted lines. Fig. 2 is a transverse section on line 2 2 of Fig. 1, the guides being lowered.

Referring now to the drawings, the present invention comprises a body 5 and bits 6, provided with the usual bit-adjusting mechanism 7. The body 5 has longitudinal rabbets 5′ at its lower side angles, and communicating with each of these rabbets there are forward and rearward vertical threaded passages 8, in which are adjustably engaged set-screws 9, the lower ends of the set-screws being revolubly engaged in guides 10, which extend longitudinally of the body 5 and which are adapted to lie in the rabbets 5’. The arrangement is such that the set-screws may be operated to move the guides 10 into and out of the rabbets, and when both guides are in the rabbets the plane may be used in the ordinary manner. When the edge of a board is to be planed, one of the guides is lowered to rest against the working face of the board, and thus planing of the edge at right angles to the working face is assured.

Laterally-extending threaded passages 11 communicate with the passages 8 and open through the side faces of the body, and in these passages 11 there are engaged screws 12, which are operable to impinge against the set-screws 9 to hold the latter, with the guides, at different points of their movement. In their mutually-adjacent faces the guides have recesses 13, which receive the edge portions of the bit 6 when the guides are in the rabbets.

What is claimed is —

In a plane, the combination with a body having longitudinal rabbets at its lower side angles and having vertical threaded passages communicating with the rabbets, of set-screws engaged in the passages, guides connected with the lower ends of the set-screws for rotation of the latter with respect thereto, said set-screws being operable to move the guides into and out of the rabbets, and means for holding the set-screws with the guides at different points of their movement.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ANDREW N. GABRIELSON.

Witnesses:
VICTOR I. FRASER,
F. J. JOHNSON.

No. 820,215 – Plane (John D. Leffel) (1906)

[paiddownloads id=”631″]820215

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN D. LEFFEL, OF JOHNSTOWN, PENNSYLVANIA.

PLANE.

_________________

820,215. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented May 8, 1906.
Application filed September 17, 1904. Serial No. 224,842.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN D. LEFFEL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Johnstown, in the county of Cambria and State of Pennsylvania, have invented new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to planes designed especially for cutting out the back of molding to be used in constructing window and door casings, and has for its objects to produce a simple inexpensive device of this character in which the plane in making the first or initial cut in the back of the molding will be accurately guided longitudinally of the latter, to thereby prevent destroying the bearing edge of the molding.

To these ends the invention comprises the novel features of construction and combination of parts more fully hereinafter described.

ln the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane embodying the invention. Fig. 2 is a front view of the same, partly in section, illustrating the device in operation, the section being taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail section of the guiding member, showing the same in active position. Fig. 4 is a similar view showing the member in normal inactive position.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates the body of the plane, having its lower bearing face or sole slightly curved transversely and provided with uprising side walls or flanges 2, upon one of which is fixed a tubular barrel or sleeve 3, adapted to receive a vertically-movable member or plunger 4, carrying at its lower end a guide plate or head 5, the inner vertical face of which travels smoothly over the outer face of the adjacent side flange 2. The plunger-rod or member 4, which is provided at its upper end with a head 6, is adapted to be pressed downward for maintaining the guide member 5 in active position by means of a spring 7, arranged within the barrel 3 and coiled upon the rod 4 between fixed collars or abutments 3′ 4′ , provided on the barrel and rod, respectively, and forming terminal bearings for the spring, whereby the latter in expanding will move the guide-head into action. The rod 4 further has a laterally-projecting stud or stop 8, adapted normally to engage the upper edge of the barrel 3 for maintaining the guide in normal elevated position, the stud being designed to travel in a vertical opening or slot 9, formed through the wall of the barrel when it is desired to depress the plunger for moving the guide to active position.

The plane is provided with the usual handle 10 and with a cutting-blade 11, the lower active edge of which is convexedly curved transversely, as shown in Fig. 2, whereby the plane in operation will form in the rear face of the molding shallow troughs or channels 12 for the usual purpose of reducing the contacting surface of the molding when employed in the construction of window and door frames.

In practice when the plane is initially brought into operation the plunger 4 is rotated until the pin 8 comes into register with slot 9, whereupon the spring 7 will act for automatically moving the plunger downward and projecting the guide member 5 below the plane of the lower face of the tool, as illustrated in Fig. 2, whereby during travel of the plane longitudinal of the molding the member 5 will bear upon the outer marginal edge of the latter, and thereby guide the plane in its movements and at the same time prevent the plane slipping and destroying the narrow bearing-face formed adjacent to the longitudinal edge of the molding. After formation of the first channel 12 adjacent the edge of the molding the plunger may, by grasping the head 6, be raised to bring the guard 5 to normal position, with its lower edge flush with that of the plane, and may be fixed in this position by a slight rotation of the plunger for moving the pin out of register with slot 9, as heretofore explained.

From the foregoing it is apparent that I produce a simple device admirably adapted for the attainment of the ends in view, it being understood that minor changes in the details herein set forth may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is —

1. The combination with a plane, of a tubular sleeve carried thereb and slotted longitudinally, a longitudinally-movable plunger mounted in the sleeve, a guide member carried by the plunger, a stud provided on the latter and adapted to engage the end edge of the sleeve for maintaining the plunger in normal retracted position, and a spring acting upon and to project the plunger for moving the guide member to active position, the stud being adapted during such movement of the plunger to travel in the slot.

2. The combination with a plane, of a guide member operatively connected therewith and adapted to normally lie in a plane above and to be projected below the sole of the plane for and to bear upon the side of a body for guiding the plane in its movements thereover, means for moving the guide member to active position, and means for locking the member in inactive position.

3. The combination with a plane, of a guide member operatively connected therewith and adapted to be projected below the sole of the plane in position to bear upon the side of the body for guiding the plane in its movement thereover, a spring for automatically moving the member to active projected position, and means for locking the member in normal, inactive position in a plane above the sole of the plane.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN D. LEFFEL.

Witnesses:
J. S. WILMOT,
HERMAN OTT.