Tag: Blade Setting

No. 1,331,280 – Carpenter’s Plane (Edmund A. Schade) (1920)

[paiddownloads id=”724″]1331280

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

EDMUND A. SCHADE, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE &
LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

CARPENTER’ S PLANE.

_________________

1,331,280. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Feb. 17, 1920.
Application filed November 6, 1919. Serial No. 336,122.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDMUND A. SCHADE, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at New Britain, Connecticut, have invented new and useful Carpenters’ Planes, of which the following is a specification.

The main object of my invention is to provide a simple, rigid construction in which the blade is so supported that it may be readily adjusted to vary the cutting depth and yet so that the blade may be readily removed and replaced in its proper position without changing the adjustment. Another object is to maintain the parallelism of the cutting edge of the cutter when adjusting the depth of cut.

In its preferred form the body of the plane is of metal and provided with a guide frame rigidly secured to the body. The cutter is provided with a detachable clamp block by means of which it is guided in the frame. The adjustment is effected by a screw coacting with the guide frame and the clamp block. A cap member holds the cutter in position.

Figure 1, is a side view of a plane embodying the improvements of my invention.

Fig. 2, is a longitudinal sectional view on the plane of the line 2–2 of Fig. 3 on a larger scale than Fig. 1.

Fig. 3, is a transverse sectional view on the plane of the line 3–3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4, is a fragmentary plan view of the parts of the body of the plane embodying my improvements.

Fig. 5, is a detail plan view of the guide frame, detached.

Fig. 6, is a detail view showing the underside of the cutter and the clamp block.

Fig. 7, is a plan view of a cap member.

Fig. 8, is a bottom view of the cap member.

The body 10 of the plane is preferably of metal and in the form shown is provided with a front handle 11 and a rear handle 12. Just in rear of the slot or throat 13, is located an inclined seat 14 between the side flanges 15, 15. Above and to the rear of this seat are seats 16, 16. On these seats 14 and 16 is mounted the guide frame 17, the lower end of which rests on the seat 14 by which it is secured for instance, by means of a screw 18, the head of which is in the recess 19. The sides of this frame 17 are secured to the seats 16, 16 of the body by suitable rivets or screws such as 20, 20, so that the guide frame 17 is rigidly held in place braced between the seat 14 above the sole of the plane and the side flanges 15, 15. Below the guide frame the plane is provided with an inclined seat 21 which forms a continuation of the inclined upper face of the guide frame 17 for supporting the cutter 22.

Attached to the cutter is a block 23 adapted to slide up and down in the opening 24 in the guide frame 17. This block is secured to the cutter by means of an upper piece 25 and the screw 26 which passes through one of the slots such as 27 in the cutter. A thumbscrew 28 which has a threaded engagement with a lug 29 of the guide frame 17 has a grooved tip 30 which engages a forked part 31 on the block 23, so that by rotating the thumbscrew 28 the block 23 and cutter 22 may be adjusted up and down on the inclined seat formed by the guide frame 17 and the part 21 of the body of the plane.

The detachable cap is made up of the two parts 32 and 33 held together by screws such as 34 passing through the slots such as 35. A cross rod 36 connects the two sides of the plane just above the cutter and spaced apart from it sufliciently to permit of introduction of the cap member. The cap member is provided with a shoulder 37 adapted to limit the downward movement of the cap member. The under side of the cap member is recessed at 38 to allow for the clamp piece 25. A thumb screw 39 is adjustable through the cap member for clamping the parts tightly in place.

To remove the cutter it is simply necessary to retract the screw 39, lift out the cap member, whereupon the cutter and the block 23 may be lifted out without affecting the adjustment of the screw 28. To replace the cutter is simply necessary to insert its lower end below the cross rod 36 and drop the forked part 31 of the block 23 over the lower end of the adjusting screw 28, which brings the cutter into exactly the same position which it was before.

It is to be noted that the guide frame which carries the adjusting screw 28 is supported from the sole and side flanges by means of three securing elements 18, 20, 20 thus giving a rigid three point support and insuring against danger of the parts becoming displaced either accidentally or through wear. These seats being relatively small and projecting from the adjacent metal of the body can be readily and accurately finished.

I claim :–

1. A plane comprising a body having a sole and side flanges, a guide frame fitted between said flanges, means passing through said frame at the lower end rigidly securing said frame to said sole, and means passing through said flanges and into said frame for rigidly securing the upper part of said frame to said flanges.

2. A plane comprising a sole and side flanges projecting upwardly from the sole, a guide frame secured near one end to said sole and at another portion to one side flange.

3. In a plane having a sole and side flanges projecting upwardly from said sole, a guide frame secured to said sole and to the side flanges for securing a rigid three point support for the guide frame in the plane body.

4. ln a plane having a sole and side flanges projecting upwardly from said sole, a guide frame between said side flanges, and means passing through said side flanges and into said guide frame for securing the latter in place.

EDMUND A. SCHADE.

No. 1,213,552 – Plane (William E. Sparks) (1917)

[paiddownloads id=”716″]1213552

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLIAM E. SPARKS, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO SARGENT &
COMPANY, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

1,213,552. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Jan. 23, 1917.
Application filed July 9, 1913. Serial No. 778,082.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, WILLIAM E. SPAKS, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to planes, and more particularly to a novel construction of sheet metal planes.

Certain features of my improvements are especially applicable to planes of the smaller sizes which are known as pocket planes or toy planes, but the invention is not limited in this particular.

The primary object which I have in view is the provision of a light, handy, efficient and durable plane, in which the number of parts is reduced to a minimum, and which can be readily and cheaply manufactured.

To this and other ends, the invention consists in the novel features and combinations of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane embodying my improvements, Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the same, Fig. 3 is a section on line 3–3 of Fig. 2, Fig. 11 is a front end elevation of the plane, Fig. 5 is a rear end elevation thereof, Fig. 6 is a section on line 6–6 of Fig. 1, Fig. 7 is a top plan view of the frog, detached, Fig. 8 is a top plan view of the clamp, and Fig. 9 is a bottom plan view of the clamp.

Referring to the drawing, the body or stock 10 is of the usual channeled form and it is preferably constructed of sheet metal. The frog 11 has the usual relation with respect to the throat 12 and said frog is constructed of a sheet metal plate 11a having downturned side portions 11b fitted within and against the side walls of the stock. In order to secure the frog firmly in place in the stock, it is necessary to employ only two fastening members such as the rivets 13, 14. These rivets pass through the extensions 11b of the frog into and through the respective side walls of the stock. It will be noted from a comparison of Figs. 1 and 3 that the rivets 13, 14 are out of line with each other whereby any turning or rotary movement of the frog relatively to the stock is absolutely prevented simply by the use of these two fastening members, one associated with each of the side walls of the stock.

At the rear of the frog the same is provided with integral downturned lugs 15, 16 provided with threaded perforations for the shank 17 of the adjusting screw 18. The cutter or bit 19 is supported on the frog 11 in the usual manner and it is of customary form except for the fact that its rear extremity is provided with a transverse slot 20 to receive the milled head 21 of the adjusting screw 18. The peripheral portion of the head 21 extends through the slot 20 for a slight distance, and as the adjusting screw is turned, the head thereof will turn freely in the slot 20 thereby advancing or retracting the cutter 19 according to the direction in which the screw is rotated. ln other words, the slot 20 in fitting over the head 21 interlocks the cutter and the adjusting screw against relative longitudinal displacement while permitting the rotation of the screw relatively to the cutter.

The frog 11 carries a pivot or stud 22, and the cutter is provided with the usual slot to fit over this stud 22. The clamp 23 consists of a sheet metal plate having downturned edges 24 and a keyhole slot 25 adapted to cooperate with the stud 22 in the usual manner. At the rear extremity of the clamp 23, the same is provided with a threaded socket 26 through which a clamping screw 27 passes into engagement with the upper surface of the cutter or bit. The cooperation between the clamping screw 27, the clamp 23, the stud 22, and the bit 19 is more or less usual and need not be further described.

In order to afford a convenient and handy grip for the workman, the stock is provided at the rear end with a palm rest 28. This consists of an upwardly directed sheet metal plate having a convex rear surface and forwardly extending lugs 29 fitting between and against the side walls of the stock. The palm rest is substantially U-shaped in cross-section, the upper edge 28a being rounded and the lower edge 28b straight and horizontal and fitting snugly against the top surface of the bed of the stock. The lugs or extensions 29 are secured to the side walls of the stock by rivets 30, 31 or similar fastening members. The rivets 30, 31 are offset from each other as in the case of the rivets 13, 14 so that turning movement of the palm rest relatively to the stock is absolutely prevented without the employment of additional fastening means, Preferably, the forwardly and upwardly curved plate 28 forming the palm rest is located at the rear extremity of the plane body or stock, and is spaced from the frog and cutter located at the intermediate part of the stock so that the adjusting screw may be located between the palm rest and cutter. The rear surface of the palm rest curves forwardly in order to fit the palm of the operator, and the form of the palm rest is such that it merges from a shallow U-shaped cross-section near the top into a deeper U-shaped cross section at the bottom where the forwardly directed extensions 29 are provided.

I do not claim herein the combination with a stock having upright side walls, of a frog comprising a sheet metal plate having integral downturned side members secured to the side walls of the stock, and integral downtnrned lugs for the bit adjusting screw, one of said lugs being struck out from the rear edge of the frog, and the other being struck out of an opening at the intermediate portion of the frog, as claimed in my co-pending application, Serial No. 778,083.

Without limiting myself to the construction shown, I claim:

1. In a plane, the combination of a stock having side walls presenting a channeled cross-section, a member fitting within the stock and having side walls abutting the respective first-named walls, and means of connection between each side wall of said member and the adjacent side wall of the stock, said two means of connection being located ont of line with each other; substantially as described.

2. In a plane, the combination of a stock having parallel side walls, a sheet metal member having bent-up extensions at the sides fitting within and against said side walls, and a rivet securing each of said extensions to the corresponding side wall of the stock, said rivets being out of line with each other; substantially as described.

3. In a plane, the combination of a stock having upright side walls, a palm rest composed of a plate resting at its lower edge on the bed of the stock and having forwardly directed extensions or lugs at the sides, and a rivet securing each extension or lug to the respective side walls of the stock, said rivets being out of line with each other; substantially as described.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand on the 5th day of July, 1913.

WILLIAM E. SPARKS.

Witnesses:
JOHN H. SHAW,
BERTHA RAY.

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Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
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No. 1,181,004 – Bench Plane (George W. Harvey) (1916)

[paiddownloads id=”711″]1181004

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

GEORGE W. HARVEY, OF JASPER, MISSOURI.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

1,181,004. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Apr. 25, 1916.
Application filed July 22, 1915. Serial No. 41,306.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE W. HARVEY, citizen of the United States, resident of Jasper, in the county of Jasper and State of Missouri, have made a certain new and useful Invention in Bench-Planes; and I declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

Figure 1 is a side view of the invention. Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2–2, Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3–3, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a section on the line 4–4, Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view of the bit iron holder. Fig. 6 is a detail top plan view of the adjusting lever.

The invention has relation to bench or carpenters’ planes, and it consists in the novel construction and combination of parts, as hereinafter set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating the invention, the numeral 2 designates the stock, having side flanges 3, 3, and 4 is the bit iron holder, having an incline 5 and lower side flanges 6, 6, pivoted to the flanges of the stock by a strong cross-pin 7. The bit holder has in its incline a slot 8, open at its upper end, and is provided with a stud 9, projecting upwardly at right-angles to the incline and having a head 10 at its upper end.

Resting upon the bit iron holder incline is the bit iron 11, a cap iron 11′ having therein a slot 12, of keyhole form, adapted to engage the head of the stud, when the bit and cap irons will slide downwardly to position, the contracted portion of the slot engaging the shank of the stud. Projecting from the lower wall of the bit iron, intermediately of its length, is a stud 13, fitting within the slot of the incline. An upwardly projecting, inclined spring arm 14 is secured at its lower end to the lower wall of the incline, and carries intermediately of its length an upwardly projecting squared stud 15, engaging a squared slot or seat 16 of the bit iron.

A wedge 22 has, intermediately of its length, a keyhole slot 23 therein, engaging over the headed end of the stud 9, said wedge having at its upper end a screw 24, having contact with the upper portion of the cap iron, to press said iron, with the bit iron, downwardly against the incline of the bit iron holder and bind it securely in place thereupon.

Located below the spring arm, about midway between the same and the floor of the stock, is a rearwardly projecting inclined lever 18, having at its lower end a pivot upon a vertical pin 19 of the stock, said lever having at its lower end an upper cam surface 20, against which the lower wall of the incline bears, so that when the lever is moved to one side or the other, the cam will engage the bit iron holder and move the same upwardly or allow the same to move downwardly, upon the cross~pin as a pivot, the bit iron holder and bit iron carried thereby rocking upon said cross-pin, to adjust the cutting edge upwardly or downwardly and thereby vary the thickness of the shaving, said lever being easily worked by one finger, without changing the grip upon the handle, so that delicate adjustments, to vary the thickness of the shaving, may be conveniently made. As the bit iron holder and bit iron are adjusted as stated, to vary the thickness of the shaving, a transverse spring 21, located beneath the rear portions of the flanges 6 of the bit iron holder, is put under tension, this transverse spring acting to press the bit iron holder in contact with the cam, and accomplishing the downward recking movement of the bit.

What I claim is:

1. In a plane, a stock, a bit iron holder pivoted to said stock, a bit iron upon said holder, a pressure spring for said holder and said bit iron in rear of said pivot, and a transversely movable adjusting lever having a vertical fulcrum pin connection with said stock and a cam end in contact with said holder forward of said pivot.

2. In a plane, a stock having side flanges, a bit iron holder having side flanges, a bit iron upon said holder, a pivotal cross-pin connecting the flanges of said stock and said holder, a pressure spring for said holder and said bit iron in rear of said cross-pin, and transversely movable adjusting lever having a vertical fulcrum pin connection with said stock and a cam end in contact with said holder forwardly of said cross-pin.

3. In a plane, a stock, a bit iron holder pivoted to said stock, a bit iron upon said holder, a pressure spring for said bit iron and said holder in rear of the pivot thereof, In testimony whereof I affix my signature, and a transversely movable rearwardly projecting lever having at its lower end a vertical fulcrum pin connection with the stock and an upper cam surface bearing against the said holder forwardly of the pivot thereof.

GEORGE W. HARVEY.

Witnesses:
LEIGH I. DODWELL,
ADOLPH McGEE.

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Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,171,076 – Hand-Plane (John F. Thunell) (1916)

[paiddownloads id=”709″]1171076

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN F. THUNELL, OF SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH.

HAND-PLANE.

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1,171,076. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Feb. 8, 1916.
Application filed November 17, 1914. Serial No. 872,608.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN F. THUNELL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Salt Lake City, in the county of Salt Lake and State of Utah, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Hand-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to bit adjustments for hand planes, and the object of the invention is to provide novel and peculiar means for adjusting hand plane bits which shall be of simple construction, conveniently assembled, and accurately manipulated.

The object of the invention is to provide novel and peculiar means for adjusting and fixing the plane bit, and special means for hanging and adjusting the base or surface bearing plates of the plane.

A further object of the invention is to provide in the bit adjustment, convenient, simple, durable and effective means for giving the bit minute, accurate and positive adjustment independent of the base plate adjustment.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a pair of surface or runner plates, and a screw rod hinged to each plate, and a pair of adjusting and locking nuts for each rod, the adjusting nuts being held within the plane stock.

Other objects, advantages and improved results will be found in the practical application of the plane.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of this application: Figure 1 is a side elevation showing in dotted lines the various positions of the base plates. Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the bit device. Fig. 3 is a detail cross section on the dotted lines x–x, Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a detail perspective view of the bit bracket.

The same reference characters denote the same parts throughout the several views of the drawings.

The plane stock or body 1, has a concavity 2 in its top in which set-screws 3 and 4 are operated in connection with a bit 5 and its keeper 6. The screw 3 works through a hinged carrier 1a, to connect the keeper therewith, and the thumb screw 4 works through the upper end of the keeper as usual. A transverse opening 7 is made through the stock under the ccncavity 2, and a bit slot 2a is made through the bottom wall of the opening 7. The under side of the stock is cut out at 8, for the purpose of reducing the weight of the plane, and for the purpose of housing the bit adjusting device. The bit adjusting device comprises a bracket the long plate 9 of which has a lug 8a working in the bit slots 9a covered by the plate 9, and the short plate 10 of the bracket is secured to the inclined wall 11 of the cut out portion 8 of the stock. The plate 10 forms a collar 10a in which a worm screw 12 is operated. Said screw having a stem extending through the top of the stock on an incline and parallel with the bit, and the stem is provided with a thumb head 13 for operating the screw. The plate 9 is provided with a follower projection 14 meshing with the screw 12, and the plate 9 has a forked end for the plate 10.

The pair of flexible runners 15, have their inner ends secured flush with the bit slot 2a, and the outer end of each plate is curved upwardly. A screw rod 16 is hinged or pivoted at 17 adjacent to the said curved end of each plate, and said rods extend through the ends of the stock 1. The ends of the stock are provided with transverse slots 18 and hold thumb nuts 19 for operating the rods 16, and set nuts 20 are provided for holding the rods in set position. One end of the stock is provided with a hand abutment 21 projecting above the nut 20 at this end of the stock, and thereby prevents the hand from interfering with the nut and rod.

It will be observed that the follower answers two purposes, it forms the connection between the bit and the bracket, and it also affords means for imparting to the bit the movement of the worm screw.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is :–

In a bit plane, a plane throat the under wall of which has a slot lengthwise thereof, a plate of larger area than the slot and slidable on the under face of said wall opposite the slot, a lug on the upper face of the plate and projecting through the slot into engagement with the bit, a lug on the lower face of the plate, and a screw spaced apart from said wall equal to the thickness of the plate and engaging the plate and the lower lug to keep the upper lug in engagement with the bit for longitudinal adjustment by the screw.

In witness whereof I hereunto set my hand in the presence of two witnesses.

JOHN F. THUNELL.

Witnesses:
ISAAC P. THUNELL,
MATIE S. ASHTON.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,166,437 – Plane (Herbert G. Collins) (1916)

[paiddownloads id=”708″]1166437

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

HERBERT G. COLLINS, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO SARGENT &
COMPANY, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

1,166,437. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Jan. 4, 1916.
Application filed November 12, 1913. Serial No. 800,561.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HERBERT G. COLLINS, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to planes, and more particularly to the means for adjusting the cutter and clamping it in position.

The improvements are particularly applicable to molding planes, but may also be used in connection with planes of other types.

The primary objects of the invention are to provide improved and simplified means for clamping the bit or cutter in the desired adjustment; to furnish simple and effective means for adjusting the cutter longitudinally; and to improve the general construction and operation of devices of the class to which my invention relates.

To these and other ends, the invention consists in the novel features and combinations of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the main stock of a molding plane embodying my improvements; Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the cutter clamping and adjusting means, looking from the opposite side of the plane; Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the parts shown in Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a section on line 4–4 of Fig. 2; Fig. 5 is an enlarged section on line 5–5 of Fig. 1; Fig. 6 is a detail showing the clamp in position to release the bit or cutter; Fig. 7 is a detail showing the seat for the cutter and clamp; Figs. 8, 9 and 10 are details of the clamp; Fig. 11 is a detail of the clamping nut; Fig. 12 is a detail of the clamping nut socket; Fig. 13 is a section on line 13–13 of Fig. 1; and Fig. 14 is a detail of the bit or cutter.

Referring to the drawings, I have shown my improvements applied to the main stock 20 of a molding plane, which stock is provided with a handle 21 and throat 22 of usual form. A bit or cutter 23 is clamped against the side of the stock by means of a clamp 24 in such a manner as to project into the throat 22. The clamp 24 is operated by a clamp nut 25 located at that side of the stock opposite the cutter, and the cutter is adjusted lengthwise, i. e., into and out of the throat 22 by means of an adjusting screw 26, engaging a threaded socket 27 at the top of the stock and cooperating with the cutter in the manner to be presently described.

Referring particularly to Fig. 7, it will be noted that the cutter 23 and clamp 24 are partially accommodated in a recess or seat 28 formed in one side of the stock. At the lower portion of the recess is a laterally extending ledge or flange 29, which assists in supporting the cutter from beneath. Opposite the ledge or flange 29, i. e., at the top of the recess 28, is a somewhat similar projecting ledge or flange 30, against which fits the upper edge or surface of the clamp 24. The lower or under surface 31 of the ledge 30 is located in a plane somewhat out of perpendicular with respect to the vertical longitudinal plane of the stock, and said surface 31 cooperates with a correspondingly inclined surface 32 at the upper part of the clamp.

The lower surface 33 of the clamp is parallel with the cutter seating surface of the ledge 29. The cutter is clamped tightly in its seat by drawing the clamp 24 laterally into the recess 28. In doing this, the inclined surfaces 31, 32 of the ledge 30 and clamp 24 respectively cooperate in such a manner as to force the lower surface 33 of the clamp tightly against the cutter.

In the embodiment shown, the clamp 24 is adjusted by means of a threaded shank 35 extending laterally therefrom through an opening 36 in the stock, and engaging interior threads of the clamping nut 25 previously mentioned. The opening or bore 36 in the stock is of somewhat greater diameter than the shank 35, so that the latter will have a certain amount of clearance. The nut 25 is suitably fixed against lengthwise movement, as by means of a collar 37, engaging a grooved socket 38 at the side of the stock, as shown in Fig. 4. Assuming that the shank 35 and nut 25 are provided with the usual right-hand threads, rotation of the nut 25 in a clockwise direction will draw the clamp 24 laterally into its seat to clamp the cutter tightly in position, as shown in Fig. 3. When the nut 25 is turned in a counter-clockwise direction, the clamp 24 will be forced laterally out of its seat, and the clearance in the bore 35 will allow the clamp to swing away from and release the cutter as the inclined surface 32 of the clamp slides outward along the cooperating surface 31 of the stock.

In assembling the device, the nut 25, which preferably has a circular milled head, is entered laterally into its socket 38, which is permitted by having said socket open throughout a portion of its periphery, as shown at 38a in Fig. 12. As the nut is slipped into its socket, it will be held against lengthwise movement by the engagement of its collar 37 with the corresponding groove in the socket, and the shank 35 of the clamp will be passed through the hole 36 to engage the threads of the nut in an obvious manner. As the nut is held against displacement in an axial direction, the clamp 24 must move laterally into and out of its seat, as the nut is turned in opposite directions respectively. During the inward movement, the portion 30 of the stock acts as a cam to force the clamp toward the cutter-supporting portion or ledge. In the outward movement of the clamp, the clearance around the shank of the latter permits the clamp to move away from the cutter.

The lengthwise adjusting screw 26 for the cutter is provided with a filled head 26a having at its lower portion an annular shoulder 26b The shoulder 26b projects axially relative to the adjusting screw. Below the shoulder 26b is a shoulder 26c projecting perpendicularly relative to the adjusting screw. The shoulder 26c engages a notch 23b formed in the side of the cutter, so that as the adjusting screw is turned in one or the other direction the cutter will be moved into or out of the throat. The shoulder 26b of the adjusting screw engages a notch 23a at the top of the cutter and effectively holds the cutter in engagement with the shoulder 26c. Movement of the cutter in an outward direction relatively to its seat, i. e., away from the side of the stock, is prevented by the engagement of the shoulder 26b with the notch 23a and by the engagement of the clamp with the body portion of the cutter.

The foregoing description is necessarily a detailed one in so far as it concerns the particular embodiment of my invention selected for illustration.

Various modifications of the construction may be adopted within the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.

What I claim is:

1. In a plane, the combination of a stock having a cutter seat opening outwardly at one side of the plane, a cutter in said seat, a clamp for the cutter, a lengthwise adjusting screw for said cutter at the opposite side of the plane socketed in the stock, at one side of, and approximately parallel to said cutter, and a shoulder on said screw directed axially of the latter and engaging a shoulder at the upper portion of the cutter, whereby said screw prevents lateral displacement of the cutter relative to said cutter seat, as the cutter is adjusted by the screw; substantially as described.

2. In a plane, a cutter seat, a cutter having a notch at one side edge, and a notch at the top edge, in combination with a lengthwise adjusting screw, having a perpendicular shoulder to engage with the first named notch, and an axial shoulder to engage with the second named notch, the cutter seat opening out at the side of the plane opposite the adjusting screw, substantially as described.

3. In a plane, the combination of a stock having a cutter seat at one side, a cutter in said seat, having a notch at the top edge and a notch in the side edge toward the stock, a clamp for the cutter, a lengthwise adjusting screw for said cutter, socketed in the stock at one side of, and approximately parallel to said cutter, a shoulder on said screw, engaging the notch in the side edge of the cutter to provide for the upward and downward adjustment of the latter, and a second shoulder on said screw directed axially of the screw and engaging the notch at the upper edge of the cutter, whereby said screw prevents lateral displacement of the cutter relative to its seat., as the cutter is moved up and down by said screw, the cutter seat opening out at the side of the plane opposite the adjusting screw; substantially as described.

4. In a plane, the combination with a stock, of a cutter mounted therein, and means for adjusting the cutter longitudinally including an adjusting screw operatively mounted on the stock, said screw having a projecting portion extending axially thereof and the cutter having a slot extending longitudinally thereof in which said projecting portion may fit for rotation and interlock to prevent lateral displacement of the cutter in either direction edgewise thereof.

5. In a plane, the combination with the stock having a cutter receiving portion opening outwardly at one side of the plane, of a cutter mounted therein, and means located at the opposite side of the plane for adjusting the cutter having a part adapted to engage a complementary part of the cutter to project the cutter with reference to the stock, and having another part adapted to engage another complementary part of the cutter to prevent lateral displacement of the cutter.

6. In a plane, the combination with a cutter seat opening toward one side thereof, an adjusting device located inwardly of said seat, said adjusting device having an undercut bit receiving portion and a shoulder therebelow, and a bit having a longitudinally extending projection adapted to be introduced into the undercut portion of the adjusting device when the bit occupies an inclined position and the bit having a portion adapted to engage the shoulder of the adjusting device when the bit is shifted from said inclined position to a position parallel to its seat, whereby the adjusting device will interlock with the bit to eifect raising and lowering of the bit substantially as described.

7. A bit for planes of the character described, having a cutting edge at one end thereof, a notch in the opposite end of the same, and a notch in one of its side edges located near said notched end substantially as and for the purpose described.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand on the 10th day of November, 1913.

HERBERT G. COLLINS.

Witnesses:
LE ROY L. SHELTON,
MABEL A. BUSSE.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,164,232 – Plane (William E. Sparks) (1915)

[paiddownloads id=”706″]1164232

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLIAM E. SPARKS, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO SARGENT & COMPANY,
OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATIGN OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

1,164,232. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Dec. 14, 1915.
Application filed July 9, 1913. Serial No. 778,083.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM E. SPARKS, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to planes, and more especially to planes constructed wholly of metal.

One of the primary objects of the invention is to provide a light, strong, durable and inexpensive plane, wherein the stock or frame, the frog, and the clamp for the cutter are constructed of sheet metal. To this end the parts mentioned are of novel form and are combined and assembled in a novel way.

Another object of the invention is the provision of certain improved features of construction in what is known as a low angle block plane, more particularly the mechanism for giving the bit or cutter its lengthwise adjustment, and the location of such adjusting means in such a position that the head of the adjusting screw for the cutter serves as a palm rest when the plane is in use.

However, although my improvements are of particular advantage in low angle block planes and in planes constructed for the most part of sheet metal, certain features will be found advantageous in planes of other types.

To these and other ends, the invention consists in the novel features and combinations of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed.

ln the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a low angle block plane embodying my improvements, Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the same, Fig. 3 is a section on line 3–3 of Fig. 2, Fig. 4 is a front end elevation of the plane, Fig. 5 is a rear end elevation, Fig. 6 is a fragmentary plan view of the stock with the cutter and clamp removed, Fig. 7 is a section on line 7–7 of Fig. 1, Fig. 8 is a detail bottom view of the frog prior to assembling, Fig. 9 is a detail bottom view of the clamp, and Fig. 10 is a detail section on line 10–10 of Fig. 2.

Referring to the drawings, the stock or body 10 is of the usual channeled section but instead of being constructed of cast metal as customary, it is bent up from sheet metal such as sheet steel. The frog 11 is also constructed of sheet metal and it is given the special form shown in Figs. 3, 6, 7 and 8. The frog comprises a plate 11a provided with integral extensions at opposite sides which are bent downward to form legs 12. Rivets 13 connect these integral sheet metal legs with the side walls of the stock between which the frog is set. The legs 12 are so located relatively to the frog and stock as to give the main part of the frog the required inclination to the horizontal. The legs 12 secure the frog to the stock at the rear end of the frog and the forward end of the frog is secured to the stock by means of a lug 14 struck out from the plate 11a and lying in contact with the upper surface of the bed or sole 15 of the plane. In the form shown the downwardly bent lug 14 of the stock is secured to the bed 15 by spot welding, but of course, a rivet or other fastening member could be used if desired.

At the rear of the frog are two downturned lugs 16, 17 for the adjusting screw 18. The lug 17 is struck out of the plate 11a leaving an opening 17a therein, and the lug 16 extends downwardly from the rear edge of the frog substantially parallel to the lug 17. These lugs are provided with threaded perforations engaged by the shank 19 of the adjusting screw 18. The shank 19 is manipulated by a large head or wheel 20 having a neck 21 and a shoulder or collar 22.

The cutter 23 is positioned on top of the frog 11 in the usual manner with its forward extremity in the throat 24 of the bed or sole. The cutter 23 is provided at its rear under portion with a series of transverse arcuate grooves 25 any one of which is adapted to fit snugly over a portion of the periphery of the shoulder or collar 22 on the adjusting screw 18. This provides for the lengthwise adjustment of the bit or cutter as the adjusting screw is moved forwardly or rearwardly in the lugs 16, 17, as will be understood. The shoulder 22 is free to rotate in the groove 25 in which it engages, but the provision of the grooves form shoulders cooperating with the shoulder 22 in such a manner that the cutter or bit partakes of the lengthwise movement of the adjusting screw.

The clamp 26 like the stock and frog is also constructed of sheet metal. Its strength is considerably increased by forming the same of a sheet metal plate having its edges flanged or downturned, substantially throughout the contour thereof, as indicated at 27. This stiffens and strengthens the clamp considerably and it is also reinforced by an integral rib 28 stamped in the same. The clamp is provided with the usual key-hole slot 29 adapted to fit over the usual headed stud 30 which projects up from the frog between the lug 14 and the opening 17a. At the front of the clamp 26 the downturned edge 27 rests on the upper face of the cutter, and is clamped against the cutter at that point by a screw 31 extending through a threaded opening 32 at the rear end of the clamp and engaging the upper surface of the cutter. The stud 30 acts as a pivot in the usual manner so that as the screw 31 is screwed into its socket, the front and rear portions of the clamp will have the customary binding action on the cutter whereby the latter is securely held in place.

In using the plane, the head 20 of the adjusting screw 18 serves as a palm rest. It will be noted that the diameter of the head 20 is at least approximately equal to the width of the cutter. Moreover, the head 20 projects outward beyond the rear extremity of the cutter and is so located with reference to the stock as to form a comfortable support for the palm of the person using the plane. Usually the forefinger will rest in a socket 33 formed in the upper surface of a button 34 riveted to and extending upward from the forward end of the clamp. By this construction, the plane can be grasped and manipulated in a most convenient and satisfactory manner.

In order to make the head 20 of the adjusting screw 18 serve as an effective and comfortable palm rest, said head is not only made of a diameter approximating the width of the stock, but it is also provided with a convex rear surface adapted to conform to the hand of the operator.

It will be manifest that the construction described provides a light, handy plane, which can be readily and cheaply manufactured and is quite strong and durable.

Without limiting myself to the construction shown, I claim:

1. In a plane, the combination of a stock, a frog in said stock, a cutter supported on said frog, an adjusting screw for adjusting said cutter longitudinally, a head for said adjusting screw at the rear of the cutter, of a diameter approximating the width of the stock, and having a convex rear portion or surface to serve as a palm rest for the operator’s hand, a clamp for securing said cutter on the frog, and a button secured to the front end portion of the clamp at the upper surface thereof, said button having an upper surface adapted to support the forefinger of the operator‘s hand, when the latter is supported on the head of said adjusting screw; substantially as described.

2. In a plane, the combination of a stock, a frog in said stock, a cutter supported on said frog, an adjusting screw for adjusting said cutter longitudinally, a head for said adjusting screw at the rear of the cutter, of a diameter approximating the width of the stock, and having a convex rear portion or surface to serve as a palm rest for the operator’s hand, a clamp for securing said cutter on the frog, and a button secured to the front end portion of the clamp, at the upper surface thereof, said button having a socket at its upper surface adapted to receive and conform to the forefinger of the operator’s hand, when the latter is supported on the head of said adjusting screw; substantially as described.

3. In a plane, the combination of a stock with upright side walls, a frog set in between said side walls, and composed of a sheet metal plate having downturned legs at the rear riveted to said side walls, said plate having at the forward portion thereof a struck-out piece or lug parallel to and resting on the sole plate of the stock, said lug or struck-out piece being welded to said sole plate, parallel lugs integral with said frog at the rear portion thereof, and depending therefrom, a cutter supported on said frog, an adjusting screw for said cutter threaded through said parallel lugs, and a clamp for securing said cutter on the frog; substantially as described.

4. In a plane, the combination with a stock having upright side walls, of a frog comprising a sheet metal plate having integral downturned side members secured to side walls of the stock, and integral down-turned lugs for the bit adjusting screw, one of said lugs being struck out from the rear edge of the frog, and the other being struck out of an opening at the intermediate portion of the frog, an adjusting screw threaded through said lugs, a cutter on the frog adjustable by said adjusting screw, and a clamp to secure the cutter on the frog; substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand on the 7th day of July 1913.

WILLIAM E. SPARKS.

Witnesses:
JOHN H. SHAW,
BERTHA RAY.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,157,594 – Bench Plane (Theodore G. Selleck) (1915)

[paiddownloads id=”705″]1157594

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

THEODORE G. SELLECK, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO JOHN L. DEPPEN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

1,157,594. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Oct. 19, 1915.
Application filed January 26, 1914. Serial No. 814,479. Renewed March 17, 1915. Serial No. 15,055.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THEODORE G. SELLECK, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to bench-planes, and its object is to provide a structure which permits the bit to be quickly and easily removed for sharpening, without disturbing the adjusting means thereof.

The invention also has for its object to provide novel and improved means for adjusting the bit.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be pointed out in the detailed description appearing hereinafter, and in order that the same may be better understood, reference is had to the accompanying drawings, in which —

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a bench plane constructed in accordance with the present invention; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section on the line 2–2 of Fig. 4; Fig. 3 is a sectional detail showing a slightly modified form of bit; Fig. 4 is a section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5–5 of Fig. 1, and Fig. 6 is a section on the line 6–6 of Fig. 4.

Referring specifically to the drawing the stock of the plane is of conventional form, the same comprising a sole 10, side or check-pieces 11, a rear hand grip 12 and a forward knob 13. The sole has a slot 14 through which the bit 15 protrudes.

The bit 15 is carried by a member 16 which is pivotally mounted between the side pieces 11 in a manner to be presently described. By thus pivoting the bit carrier the same may be rotated to take the bit out of the slot 14 as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 1, the bit then pointing upward and being free of the side pieces, in which position it is readily accessible for the purpose of removal. The axis of rotation of the bit carrier is transverse of the stock. The bit carrier 16 tapers toward the end which carries the bit 15, said end having a dovetailed transverse groove 17 in which the bit seats and is held, the rear portion of the bit being shaped to fit in the groove.

The following clamping means for the bit 15 is provided: In the under side of the bit carrier 16 is a threaded aperture to receive a screw 18. This aperture is so located that it intersects the inner end of the groove 17, thus allowing a portion of the back of the bit to extend into the aperture, at the place where the beveled side of the screw head 19 seats, the aperture being countersunlr to accommodate said screw head. By working the screw inward, the beveled side of the head is forced against the back of the bit, and the bit is forced forward to a rigid seat in the groove. The bit can be readily removed by sliding it along the groove, after backing the screw.

Fig. 3 shows a slightly modified form of bit, its inner end having a shoulder 20 which abuts against the end of the bit carrier 16. The bit carrier 16 is a hollow casting having side openings 21. The sides of the bit carrier are flat and parallel, and its width is such that it has a small amount of side play between the side pieces 11. The bit carrier is carried by a yoke, the side arms 22 of which latter seat in longitudinal grooves 23 in the sides of the bit carrier. The connecting bar 24 of the yoke extends across and in spaced relation with the rear end of the bit carrier, or that end which is opposite the end carrying the bit 15. The bar 24 has, midway between its ends, an aperture in which is held an adjusting screw 25 which is threaded through a block 26 carried by the bit carrier, the latter having an aperture 27 to accommodate the inner end of the screw. The screw is held against travel in the direction of its length by its head 27a and a collar or washer 28 located, respectively, on opposite sides of the bar 24. Thus, it will be seen that when the screw is operated, the bit carrier is moved baclr and forth between the arms 22 to regulate the degree of protrusion of the bit through the slot 14.

The yoke is pivoted to the side pieces 11, which provides the hereinbefore described pivotal support for the bit carrier 16. The pivotal connection is made by pivot screws 29 passing through the side pieces and threaded into the arms 22 of the yoke. The heads 30 of the pivot screws are countersunk in the side pieces, and their shanks are devoid of threads where they pass through the side pieces, which enables the bit carrier to be swung without causing the pivot screws to tighten up.

The block 26 seats against the rear end of the bit carrier 16 between outstanding spaced ribs 31 and 32 on the latter, and it is pivoted at one end so that it may swing outward from the end of the bit carrier. The pivotal connection is made by a pin 33 passing through the block and held at its ends in the ribs 31 and 32. The free end of the block is shaped to form a half nut, the thread 34 of which fits in the groove of a worm 35 seating in a recess in the end of the bit carrier, and mounted on a pivot screw 36 carried by the latter. The worm carries a small projecting finger-piece 37 for operating the same.

Upon turning the worm 35 in one direction, by means of the finger-piece 37, the block 26 swings outward from the bit carrier 16, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 4, and it is swung back toward the bit carrier upon turning the worm in the opposite direction. This movement of the block reults in giving the bit carrier a sidewise tilt to line up the slot 14.

In order to prevent the bit carrier 16 from rocking when the tool is in use, a stout spring latch 38 is provided, the same being secured to the sole 10 and having its free end offset and shaped to snap under the bar 24. When the latch is in holding position, the rear end of the bit carrier cannot swing downward, and it is prevented from swinging upward by the bit 15 engaging the rear wall of the slot 14. Upon disengaging the latch from the yoke bar, the bit carrier may be swung to the dotted line position shown in Fig. 1, for the purpose stated hereinbefore.

I claim:

1. A bench-plane comprising a stock having side-pieces, a yoke pivotally mounted between the side-pieces, a bit carrier carried by the yoke and adjustable in the direction of its length, and means for locking the yoke.

2. A bench-plane comprising a stock having side-pieces, a yoke pivotally mounted between the side-pieces, a bit carrier carried by the yoke, an adjusting screw carried by the yoke and having a threaded engagement with the bit carrier, and means for locking the yoke.

3. A bench-plane comprising a stock having side-pieces, a yoke pivotally mounted between the side-pieces, a bit carrier having longitudinal side grooves, in which the yoke arms seat, means for adjusting the bit carrier in the direction of its length, and means for locking the yoke.

4. A bench-plane comprising a stock having side-pieces, a yoke pivotally mounted between the side-pieces, a bit carrier carried by the yoke and adjustable sidewise and in the direction of its length, and means for locking the yoke.

5. A bench-plane comprising a stock having side-pieces, a yoke pivotally mounted between the side-pieces, a bit carrier carried by the yoke, a pivoted member carried by the bit carrier, an adjusting screw carried by the yoke and having a threaded engagement with the pivoted member, a worm carried by the bit carrier and having a threaded engagement with the free end of the pivoted member, and means for locking the yoke.

6. A bench-plane comprising a stock, a bit carrier, a support for the bit carrier carried by the stock, a pivoted member carried by the bit carrier, an adjusting screw carried by the support and having a threaded engagement with the pivoted member, and a worm carried by the bit carrier, and having a threaded engagement with the free end of the pivoted member.

In testimonv whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

THEODORE G. SELLECK.

Witnesses:
S. J. LEHRER,
H. W. BATCHELOR.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,124,325 – Bench Plane (Albert A. Page) (1915)

[paiddownloads id=”701″]1124325

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ALBERT A. PAGE, OF EAST HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO SARGENT &
COMPANY, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

1,124,325. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Jan. 12, 1915.
Application filed November 16, 1912. Serial No. 731,810.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT A. PAGE, a citizen of the United States, residing in East Haven, county of New Haven, and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to bench planes and more particularly to a type of plane in which the plane iron or bit is held against the frog or other support by means of a clamp which is adjustable independently of the bit, so that the lower edge of the clamp may be adjusted closer to or farther away from the cutting edge of the bit as required for taking a small or large chip.

The primary objects of the present invention are to provide improved and simplified means for giving the clamp a positive adjusting movement in either direction i. e. toward or away from the cutting edge of the bit; to furnish clamp adjusting means which permits the clamp to be easily placed in and removed from its assembled position; and to provide certain improved and simplified features in connection with the means for adjusting the bit or plane iron longitudinally and transversely.

To these and other ends, the invention consists in the novel features and combinations of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating a preferred embodiment of the invention, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the plane, Fig. 2 is a top plan view thereof, Fig. 3 is an enlarged section on line 3–3 of Fig. 1, Fig. 4 is an enlarged section on line 4–4 of Fig. 2, showing the plane adjusted for taking a small chip, Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 4 but showing the adjustment for rougher work, Fig. 6 is a section on line 6–6 of Fig. 4, with certain parts omitted, Fig. 7 is a detail face view of the clamp, Fig. 8 is a similar view of the clamp from the reverse or under side, Fig. 9 shows a face view and an edge view of the adjusting plate for the clamp, Fig. 10 is a front or top view of the frog, detached, Fig. 11 is a rear or bottom view of the frog, detached, Fig. 12 is a detail section on line 12–12 of Fig. 11, and Fig. 13 is a detail section of the adjusting nut for the clamp.

Referring to the drawings, 20 designates the stock or bed of the plane, which is preferably made of metal of the usual channeled cross-section. The front handle of usual type is indicated at 21 and the ordinary rear handle is shown at 22. The bit or plane iron 23 is clamped against a frog 24 by means of a clamp 25. The bit is moved into and out of a throat 26 in the bed or sole of the stock by means of an adjusting screw 27 carried by the frog 24.

Referring particularly to Figs. 4 and 6, it will be noted that the stock is provided at opposite sides with abutments 28 adjacent the respective side walls. These abutments are slanted off at the top at a proper incline to provide a firm and substantial seat for the lower surface of the frog, and the latter is clamped to the abutments by means of screws 29. At the lower rear part of the frog 24 the latter carries a projecting lug 30 in which the lower end portion of the adjusting screw 27 is freely rotatable. The adjusting screw has a plain bearing in the lug 30 and is prevented from longitudinal movement with respect to said lug by means of collars on the screw at opposite sides of the lug. The lower collar, indicated at 31, is detachably held in place by a pin 32. The opposite or upper end of the adjusting screw 27 has a bearing in a lug 33 projecting from the rear upper portion of the frog and similar to the lug 30. The frog 24 is provided intermediate the lugs 30, 33 with a longitudinal slot 34 which serves as a guide for a bit-adjusting nut 35 having threaded engagement with the shank of the adjusting screw. The nut 35 has a portion projecting into and snugly fitting the slot 34, so that when a milled head 36 on the upper end of the screw 27 is rotated in one or the other direction, the nut 35 will be moved lengthwise of the frog in one or the other direction. This effects the longitudinal adjustment of the bit 23, which is provided at its rear surface with a notch 37 engaged by a pin 38 on the upper surface of the adjusting nut. The transverse adjustment of the bit, in order to keep its cutting edge in parallelism with the throat, is effected by the following mechanism: At the upper or butt end of the bit or plane iron 23 the latter is provided with a longitudinal slot 39 the opposite side edges of which are adapted to be engaged by a nose 40 of an adjusting lever 41 pivoted to the lug 83 by means of a pin 42. The pin 42 is intermediate of the ends of the lever 41 and said lever is movable in a plane substantially perpendicular to the plane of the frog body and the plane of the bit. The adjusting lever is preferably formed of a sheet metal piece bent into U-shape at one end to afford a gripping portion 43 by means of which the lever may be manipulated. The oscillatory movement of the lever in either direction is not interfered with by the adjusting screw, as the lever is provided with a clearance opening 44 of considerably larger size than the portion of the screw shank which extends through said opening (Fig. 12), and it will be manifest that as the lever 41 is swung on its pivot 42 in one direction, one side of the nose 40 will be engaged by one of the side edges of the slot 39, whereby the bit will be swung transversely of the plane in one direction. If the adjusting lever is moved in the opposite direction the transverse adjusting movement of the bit will be opposite to that first indicated. Hence by proper adjustment of the lever 41 the bit or plane iron can easily be brought to a position in which its cutting edge has the desired parallel relation to the throat 26. Of course, this transverse adjustment of the bit by means of the lever 41 is not affected by the longitudinal adjustment of the bit, for as the latter is moved lengthwise the nose 40 of the adjusting lever will be engaged with the slot 39 at different points in its length. This arrangement of the transverse adjusting means has the advantage that the lever is engaged with the bit in a simple but positive way in all the lengthwise adjustments of the bit, the leverage on the bit being quite sufiicient to move it with a slight effort. Moreover, the manipulating portion of the lever is located immediately adjacent and back of the head of the lengthwise adjustment screw, so that it may be reached and adjusted with maximum facility.

The clamp 23 for clamping the bit against the frog is adjusted longitudinally i. e. toward and away from the throat 26, by means of the following mechanism: The clamp has formed on the upper surface thereof opposing guide lugs 44 by means of which the clamp is guided along an adjusting plate 45. This plate has an elongated opening 46 in its body portion or shank to clear the clamping screw 47 which passes through a threaded hole 48 in the clamp 25 and bears at its inner end against the upper surface of the bit. The screw 47 is provided with a milled adjusting head 49. At its lower end the plate 45 is provided with a T-head 50 having on its upper surface a groove 51 extending transversely with respect to the adjusting plate and adapted to engage the under surface of a cross pin or bridge 52 fixed at its respective ends to the side walls or flanges of the stock. The plate 45 lies flat on the upper surface of the clamp 25 against which it is retained by the lugs 44, and when the T-head 50 of the plate has been engaged with the under portion of the cross pin 52 in the manner stated, the screwing in of the clamping screw 47 will obviously secure the clamp and the bit tightly in place, inasmuch as the cross pin 52 will act as a pivot about which the clamp is moved to bind its lower edge against the lower portion of the bit and the clamping screw 47 against the intermediate portion of the bit. The plate 45 therefore serves as an attachment for the clamp by means of which the latter may be placed in pivotal relation to the cross pin when the clamping screw 47 is properly adjusted, the clamp and adjusting plate being readily detachable from assembled position when the clamping screw is released from its binding engagement with the bit. At its upper end the plate 45 is provided with a threaded extremity 53 which engages interior screw threads of a milled adjusting nut 54 freely rotatable with respect to the clamp but movable longitudinally therewith. In the form shown, the hollow adjusting nut 54 is detachably seated in a boss or socket portion 55 formed integral with the upper end portion of the clamp. Beneath the boss 55, the under portion of the clamp is cut away at 555 to permit the nut 54 to be detachably seated in the boss, in which position a collar 56 on the nut is engaged with a groove 57 in the boss in order to prevent longitudinal movement of the nut in the latter when the parts are assembled. In assembling, the nut is placed in its seat in the boss and the threaded extremity 53 of the adjusting plate is then engaged with the interior screw threads of the nut. When the nut is rotated in such a direction as to pull the threaded extremity or shank 53 into the same, the displacement of the nut from its seat will be effectively prevented and as the nut is rotated in one or the other direction the clamp 25 will be obliged to move toward or away from the throat, as the case may be, inasmuch as the plate 45 is fixed relatively to the stock by means of its engagement with the cross pin 52. It will therefore be understood that with the construction described, the bit and the clamp may be easily moved into any desired relative positions. When a fine chip is to be taken, the screw 27 for effecting the longitudinal movement of the bit is so manipulated as to project the bit only to a very slight extent beyond the lower surface of the bed, and the nut 54 will be so manipulated as to move the lower edge of the clamp 25 into very close proximity to the cutting edge of the bit, as shown in Fig. 4. This adjustment of the clamp will have a certain effect in producing a fine chip and it will also effectively prevent chattering. In the position shown in Fig. 5, the plane is adjusted to take a large chip, the bit being projected farther out of the throat and the clamp being farther retreated from the edge of the bit. It will be understood from the foregoing that when the clamp has once been adjusted, it may be removed from the stock and then returned to its position in the stock without altering its original adjustment. Hence, it is possible to remove the bit for sharpening and to replace it in position without changing the clamp adjustment relative to the throat.

While the foregoing description is necessarily a detailed one in so far as it concerns the particular embodiment of my invention selected for illustration and description, it will be apparent that numerous modifications of the construction may be adopted within the scope of the appended claims.

I do not claim the mechanism for adjusting the bit or cutter, as said mechanism forms the subject of an application filed by William E. Sparks, on May 16, 1914, Serial No. 839,117.

What I claim is:

1. In a plane, the combination of a stock having a throat, a bit projecting into said throat, a pivotally movable clamp for the bit having a clamping screw to engage the upper surface of the bit, a bridge piece carried by the stock, and a lengthwise adjusting device for the clamp having pivotal engagement with said bridge piece whereby the clamp is moved pivotally about the bridge piece as said screw is adjusted; substantially as described.

2. In a plane, the combination of a stock having a cross pin, a bit supported in the stock, a pivotally movable clamp for the bit, and a lengthwise adjusting device for the clamp carried by the latter and having detachable pivotal engagement with said cross pin; substantially as described.

3. In a plane, a stock, a bit therein, a clamp for the bit, an adjusting plate guided relatively to the clamp in a lengthwise direction, a bridge piece on the stock with which said adjusting plate is detachably engaged, and means for moving the clamp lengthwise relatively to said adjusting plate; substantially as described.

4. In a plane, a stock, a bit therein, a clamp for the bit, an adjusting plate guided relatively to the clamp in a lengthwise direction, a bridge piece on the stock with which said adjusting plate is detachably engaged, and means for moving the clamp lengthwise relatively to said adjusting plate comprising an adjusting nut having a bearing in the clamp and engaged with threads on said adjusting plate; substantially as described.

5. In a plane, the combination of a stock, a bit therein, a clamp for the bit having guide lugs on its upper surface, a plate guided between said lugs and having a transverse groove, a bridge piece on the stock adapted to be engaged by said groove, and an adjusting device for moving the clamp lengthwise with respect to the plate when the latter is engaged with said bridge piece; substantially as described.

6. In a plane, the combination of a stock having a cross pin, a bit in the stock, a clamp for the bit carrying a clamping screw, a plate guided lengthwise of said clamp at the upper surface of the latter and having a groove to detachably engage said cross pin, and a nut having a bearing in said clamp and engaged with said plate to move the clamp lengthwise with respect to the latter; substantially as described.

7. In a plane, the combination of a stock having a throat, a frog in said stock, a bit supported on said frog and extending into said throat, a clamp having means to clamp the bit on the frog as said clamp is moved pivotally, a member slidably carried by the clamp at the upper surface of the latter, means providing for the longitudinal adjustment of said clamp and said member relative to each other, and means on the stock engaging said member from above, and providing a pivot for the clamp; substantially as described.

8. In a plane, the combination of a stock having a throat, a frog in said stock, a bit supported on said frog and extending into said throat, a cross pin carried by the stock above said throat, a clamp having a lower edge portion to engage the upper surface of the bit within the throat, a member slidable on said clamp and engageable with said cross pin to pivot the clamp and bodily removable from the stock with the clamp independently of the bit, and means for adjusting said member and said clamp relatively to each other to move the clamp into and out of the throat independently of the bit.

9. In a plane, the combination of a stock having a throat and a transverse bridge piece, a bit projecting into said throat, a clamp for the bit carrying a clamping screw adapted to engage the upper surface of the bit and clamp it in position by pivotal movement of said clamp relative to said transverse bridge piece, and a member on said clamp adapted to engage said bridge piece, and adjustable relative to the clamp, whereby the pivotal point of movement of the clamp may be varied; substantially as described.

10. In a plane, the combination of a stock having a throat, a bit projecting into said throat, a clamp adapted to project into the throat, a clamping screw threaded through the clamp to engage the upper surface of the bit, a bridge piece extending across the stock, an adjusting member having sliding relation with the clamp and detachable pivotal relation with said bridge piece whereby said clamp may be swung pivotally relative to said bridge piece at different points, and means connecting said clamp and said adjusting member and providing for a positive adjusting movement of said clamp into and out of the throat; substantially as described.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand on the 15th day of November 1912.

ALBERT A. PAGE.

Witnesses:
HENRY H. MUNSON,
CARL W. CARLSON.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 1,059,137 – Plane (John P. Gage) (1913)

[paiddownloads id=”691″]1059137

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN P. GAGE, OF VINELAND, NEW JERSEY.

PLANE.

_________________

1,059,137. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Apr. 15, 1913.
Application filed July 25, 1912. Serial No. 711,586.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN P. GAGE, a citizen of the United States, resident of Vineland, in the county of Cumberland and State of New Jersey, have made a certain new and useful Invention in Planes; and I declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

Figure 1 is a central vertical longitudinal section of the invention. Fig. 2 is a detail plan view of the plane stock. Fig. 3 is a detail plan view of the cutting plate and the guide clamp. Fig. 4 is a detail plan view of the cap iron.

The invention is designed to simplify and improve the carpenters’ plane, and particularly the block plane, in such wise as to provide advantages relating to its durability and useful facilities; and it consists in the novel construction and combinations of parts, as hereinafter set forth.

In the annexed drawings the numeral 2 indicates a plane stock; 3 a cap iron; 4 a cutting plate or bit, and 5 a guide clamp which is secured to the bit.

The plane stock is provided with integral inclined bearings 6 on the upper or inner surface of its bottom, in rear of the transverse slot 7 through which the cutting bit is designed to protrude, these bearings coinciding in their inclination with the beveled bearing 8 of the bottom, which extends to the acute rear margin of the slot. The front margin of this slot is formed by a transverse rib 9 which connects the side walls 12, 12, which are substantially parallel and form guides for the movement of the cap iron and bit. Connecting these walls, in the throat of the stock, above and in rear of the slot, is a cross bar or bearing 14, which is perforated and threaded for the passage of a strong set screw 15, the axial direction of which is designed to be substantially in line with that portion of the bottom which is adjacent to the acute edge of the transverse slot. The cutting plate or bit 4 is designed to rest on the bearings 6 and 8, and as the setting and securing devices are located above it, this cutting plate can be disposed at a very low angle, suitable for a plane of the character indicated.

The cutting plate or bit is provided with the usual series of adjustment slots, and on the upper surface of this plate is adjusted and secured the holding or guiding clamp 5, which consists of a longitudinal base portion 16 and an upward projection or lug 17 which is provided with a bearing recess 18, open at its upper end and provided with an open-top slot bearing in rear to receive the neck of an adjusting screw 19. The base of the holding clamp is provided with a threaded aperture for a clamp screw, extending through a slot of the cutter plate. The base of this clamp 5 has parallel sides, and it is designed to engage and slide in a parallel-side recess 20 in the bottom of the cap iron 3. The bottom of the cap iron is plane to lit neatly the top of the bit, at the sides of the clamp lug. The top of the cap iron is made with a beveled front wall 21, a sloping angular bearing 22 in rear of the top of this front wall and lateral bearings or lugs 13 in line with each other and designed to engage the transverse bar 14 of the plane stock when the cap iron is forced into position. The cap iron is provided with a middle opening or slot 23 for the reception of the clamp lug, and in rear of this opening is provided a transverse bearing 24 in which is made a threaded opening for engagement with the adjusting screw 19. The shouldered end of this adjusting screw engages neatly the bearing recess 18 of the clamp lug 5, so that the adjustment of this screw moves the clamp and cutter plate backward or forward with reference to the cap iron, which therefore forms the principal or purchase element for this adjustment.

In a plane of this character the cap iron is designed to be provided with a bowed handle portion or push bearing 25 of sufficient height and span to protect the adjusting screw and allow removal of the cutter and clamp.

The front of the cap iron is of proper height to pass easily under the transverse bar or bearing 14 of the stock. And when the cutting plate, properly and securely fastened to its guide clamp, is provided with its cap iron in engagement with the adjusting screw, a combination of parts is formed which is designed to be placed on the bottom inclines of the stock and, if the set screw 15 is raised, will easily slide forward to position. In normal position the bearings 13 of the cap iron abut against the bar 14 of the stock, and the sloping bearing 22 lies under this bar. The screw 15 being now set down firmly against this sloping bearing, operates to drive the cap iron forcibly home against the transverse bar or bearing 14, and to clamp the cap iron firmly in place on the cutter plate. Adjustment of the bit is easily effected by means of the adjusting screw of the cap iron.

This plane is designed to be in a manner self-setting as its cap iron and plane iron fit together accurately beforehand, and when simply laid in place will slide forward to true position. When the cutting plate is properly secured to its guide clamp, no adjustment of the holding or setting parts is required, except in regard to the operation of the set screw and the adjusting screw. The simple devices of this plane can be taken apart and put together exactly as they were in a few seconds.

The setting and holding devices of the plane are placed above the cutting plate, in such wise that the latter may be arranged at as low an angle as may be required. The cap and plane iron are forced to accurate position and held therein by a single set screw, and without other care and attention than is required to turn the screw forcibly home.

In taking out the bit and cap iron no movement of the adjusting screw is required. The set screw being loosened up sufficiently, the cap iron, guide clamp and cutting plate will slide back and, without moving the adjusting screw, the cap-iron can be lifted from the cutter plate. Upon replacing the parts without adjustment of the screw of the cap iron, the bit takes its former position with relation to the cap iron accurately, so that when placed in the stock the cap iron will take normal position therein and there will be no change in its shaving adjustment. It is designed to provide in this plane practical operating parts which will when once adjusted always go together in accurate and true position with relation to each other to secure the same thickness of shaving without further operation of means of adjustment.

Having described the invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a plane, a stock having a threaded bearing, a cutter plate, a slotted cap iron on said plate having a threaded bearing, a guide clamp for said plate having an upward projecting bearing lug engaging the slot of the cap iron, an adjusting screw in the threaded bearing of the cap iron engaging said bearing lug, and a set screw in the threaded bearing of the stock engaging the cap iron.

2. In a plane, a stock having bottom inclines extending to its cutter slot, a cutter plate, a slotted cap iron provided with an adjusting screw, a guide clamp secured to the upper face of said plate and engaging the slot of the cap iron and having a bearing engaging said adjusting screw, and a set screw for the cap iron engaging a bearing of the stock.

3. In a plane, the combination with a stock having lateral parallel guide walls, bottom inclines and a threaded bearing over said bottom inclincs and a cutting plate engaging said inclines, of a cap iron engaging said guide walls and said cutting plate, a guide clamp for the cutting plate and engaging the cap iron, a set screw engaging the threaded bearing of the stock, and means in connection with said cap iron for adjusting said guide clamp and its plate to said cap iron.

4. In a plane, a stock having bearing and a threaded bearing in its throat, a cap iron having a front sloping bearing and lateral lugs to engage said transverse bearing, a cutter plate, means for adjustably connecting the cutter plate and cap iron and a set screw engaging the threaded bearing of the stock and the sloping bearing of the cap iron.

5. In a plane, a stock having bottom inclines and a threaded transverse bar over the same, a cap iron having a sloping front bearing and lugs to engage said bar, a guiding clamp for the cutter plate having sliding engagement with said cap iron, and means in connection with the latter for adjusting the guiding clamp and its cutter plate.

6. In a plane, the combination with a plane stock having bottom inclines, a threaded bearing over the same and a set screw therein, of a cutter plate on said inclines, a guiding clamp secured to the top of the cutter plate, a cap iron engaging the top of the cutter plate, and an adjusting screw engaging the cutter plate, and an adjusting screw engaging the guide clamp and the cap iron.

7. In a plane, the combination with a plane stock having bottom inclines and a set screw engaging a bearing of said stock above said inclines, of a cutter plate on said inclines, a guiding clamp secured to said cutter plate, an adjusting screw engaging said guiding clamp, and a normally stationary cap iron engaging the stock, the cutter plate, the guiding clamp, the set screw and the adjusting screw.

8. In a plane, a stock having bottom inclines, a set screw engaging a bearing of said stock above said inclines, a cutter plate on said inclines, a guiding clamp secured to the top of said plate, a normally stationary cap iron clamped on top of said plate by the set screw, and an adjusting screw connecting the cap iron and the guiding clamp.

9. A plane having a parallel-wall stock, low bottom inclines, and a bearing of said stock substantially over the cutter slot, a cutter plate on said inclines, a guiding clamp secured to the top of the cutter plate, a normally stationary cap iron on top of said cutter plate, an adjusting screw connecting the cap iron and the guiding clamp, and a set screw in a bearing of said stock engaging said cap iron.

10. In a plane, a parallel-wall stock having a transverse bearing, a cutter plate, a cap iron normally abutting against said bearing, a guiding clamp on top of said cutter plate, an adjusting screw, a set screw, and means in connection with said cap iron and set screw for forcing the cap iron to normal position against said bearing.

11. In a plane, a parallel-wall stock having a threaded transverse bearing in its throat, a cutter plate, a guiding clamp secured to its top, a cap iron engaging said clamp and abutting against the transverse bearing and having a push handle, an adjusting screw connecting said cap iron and guiding clamp, and a set screw engaging said transverse bearing and the cap iron.

12. In a plane, the combination with a parallel-wall stock, a transverse threaded bearing bar in its throat and a set screw in said bar, of a cutter plate, an adjustable clamping guide secured thereon, and a cap iron having normal position abutting said bar and engaged by said set screw.

13. In a plane, the combination with a stock and a threaded transverse bar in its throat, of a cutter plate, a guiding clamp above the cutter plate, a cap iron, means of adjustment connecting the guiding clamp and its cutter plate to the cap iron, and a set screw engaging said threaded transverse bar.

14. A cap iron of a plane having a central guide slot to engage a projection of a clamp for the bit, a threaded bearing in rear of said slot for an adjusting screw to engage said clamp, lateral lugs controlling its normal position in the stock, and a sloping angular bearing adapted to operate under the pressure of a set screw of the stock to force the cap iron to normal position.

15. A plane having in its throat a transverse bearing bar, a cutter plate, movable guiding means for clamping said cutter plate, movable means for adjusting and holding the clamping means, and means in connection withsaid transverse bearing bar for forcing the adjusting and holding means to normal fixed position against said transverse bar.

16. The combination with a parallel-wall stock having a transverse bar and bottom inclines, of a sliding cutter plate, a guide clamp carried thereby, a cap iron engaging said guide clamp, means of adjustment connecting the guide clamp and cap iron, and means for securing the cap iron in its lowest position against the transverse bar.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN P. GAGE.

Witnesses:
SADIE HOFFMAN,
H. D. STANNARD.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 930,307 – Plane (Charles E. Mitchell And Edmund A. Schade) (1909)

[paiddownloads id=”664″]930307

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHARLES E. MITCHELL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., AND EDMUND A. SCHADE, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNORS TO THE STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

930,307. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Aug. 3, 1909.
Application filed May 6, 1902. Serial No. 106,200.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, CHARLES E. MICHELL and EDMUND A. SCHADE, citizens of the United States, residing at New York, N. Y., and New Britain, Connecticut, respectively, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

Our invention relates to improvements in the construction of planes, and particularly to the parts which are adapted to carry and provide adjustment for plane irons in that class known as bench planes.

The part of the plane which immediately supports the cutting tool or plane iron is commonly termed a frog. This part is so constructed as to bear upon and be supported by the stock portion of the plane and to itself carry and provide means for adjusting the position of the iron. This frog is commonly constructed of cast iron and separate from the base or stock portion of the plane. Frogs constructed in this manner of cast metal are heavy, and having the usual characteristics of such metal, are easily broken and but poorly adapted to withstand the strains to which such a structure is subjected. The great weight is also a material element in considering the usefulness and general utility of a plane. For this reason, it is desirable that the parts shall he made as light as possible and consistent with a requisite strength. In casting such a body as this, it is not feasible to make it of such a finish as to be immediately useful in the final construction which is desired. For this reason it is necessary that it should be put through several finishing operations under machine tools in which the surfaces are given the proper angles relatively to one another and finished to present satisfactory bearing surfaces and appearance. Being of irregular and peculiar shape, there are moreover set up in a frog strains due to the unequal cooling of the metal in different parts of the frog consequent upon the casting operation. These strains are likely to and often do cause checks and irregularities in the structure to such a degree that the parts are the more easily subject to fracture when used in the ordinary course of business. Even if actual defects do not appear on the surface of the metal, there sometimes are such initial strains in the interior as to seriously impair the strength of the parts. For these reasons and in order to make the structure in a more simple and economical manner we have constructed the parts of sheet metal which may he for instance cold rolled steel. ln this way a very light, reliable and economical structure is effected which in its use is most satisfactory and durable.

ln the drawings: Figure 1 is a side elevation partly in section of a plane embodying the improvements of our invention. 2 is a perspective view from the rear of the parts which immediately support a plane iron. Fig. 3 is a rear elevation of the same with what may be termed yoke portion of Fig. 4. Fig. 4 is a perspective view from the front of this so-called yoke portion. Fig. 5 is a view partly in section of the Y-adjustment lever which is used with the part of Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a side elevation and section of the plane iron supporting member and adjusting devices.

In Fig. I the stock or base portion of the plane is represented as shown at 1 which may have as usual a rear handle and a forward knob for convenience in handling the same. In the base of the stock portion is provided the usual throat or opening 10, and to the rear a chair or seat 13. Above the chair is supported the part 2 which may he herein termed the frog and which provides the immiediate support or bearing for a plane iron. Beneath this frog is what may be conveniently termed a yoke portion 3 which may he attached to the frog as hereinafter set forth. The plane iron 4 which rests upon the face of the frog is in the form shown provided with a plate 5 at its upper surface. These are in turn held in place by a cap iron 6 and are provided with the Y-adjustment lever 7 coacting with an adjusting nut 8. A laterally adjusting lever 9 is secured at the top of the frog.

The yoke portion 3 which is formed at the lease in a manner suitable to cooperate with the chair portion 13 of the stock 1, is provided with slots or holes 30. Through these holes pass the screws 31 which secure the yoke portion to the base and thus provide a forward and backward adjustment for the position of the frog. The front end 32 of the base portion of the yoke may be bent downward at an angle to correspond with the under surface of the face of the frog to which it may be secured, as for example by rivets. The upright portion or back of the yoke extends upward and is secured at the downwardly bent portion 36 to the frog at a point just above the opening 20 in the face of the frog. Through this opening access may be had readily to the securing screws 31 in the base.

When the plane iron and plate are adjusted in position and secured to the frog by means of the cap iron 6 and cap screw 61, the frog is subjected to stresses of considerable amounts. To provide for meeting these stresses it is desirable that the sides of the frog should be bent down and depressed to form reinforcing flanges. It will be noted that these flanges as shown are substantially triangular in form and correspond in depth from the face of the frog very closely to the diagram of changes in bending moments which would occur in a beam loaded in the center and supported at the ends, which is the case that we have herein. The cap iron 6 is provided with a cam lever 65 for effecting the requisite pressure between the cap and the plane iron or the plane iron plate for holding the parts in place.

The upper end of the bearing face of the frog is depressed in a truss-like form at 29 to provide a recess in which the lower end of the aterally adjusting lever 9 may be pivoted at 92 and operate. The end of this lever 9 may be provided as is usual in planes of this character with a disk 94 which cooperates with a slot 40 in the plane iron 4 to effect the desired lateral adjustment. The depth of the cutting edge of the instrument may be adjusted by means of what is known as a Y-adjustment 7 in which the nose 75 projects forward through an opening in the face of the frog into a hole 50 in the plate which is above the plane iron. The plane-iron and plate being secured together by the screw 45, movement up and down of the Y-adjustment will also operate the plane iron itself.

The face of the frog is provided with a perforation or recess to receive the head of the securing screw which is thus let into the platform and allows the plane iron to have a smooth and even bearing upon the face of the frog. Above this recess the metal of the frog may be cut out and bent back in the form of ears 27 which will provide bearings for the pivot of the Y-adjustment. In order that these ears may be bent back at convenient angles and with as little injury to the metal as possible, it is desirable that the sides of the recess should be cut back both above and below the ears and at the base thereof as shown particularly in Fig. 3. ln order that the Y adjustment 7 may have a secure and even bearing and also to increase the economy and efficiency of the device, we have made the Y-adjusting lever 7 of sheet metal as shown in Fig. 5, in which 70, 70 are perforations in the two opposite sides of the lever to provide for the pivot pin. It will thus be seen that the lever has two bearings and that they are spaced apart a considerable distance. The lower ends of the arms 78 coact with the adjusting nut 8 which operates on the screw 81. in this construction as shown particularly in Fig. 6 the adjusting screw 81 is conveniently seated in the back of the yoke at a point near the top thereof where the strength and rigidity of the same would be sufficient to give it a secure bearing. lt is also desirable that the face of the frog should have a reinforcing piece at the point where the cap screw 61 is attached thereto. The bent down portion 36 of the yoke provides this in a most satisfactory manner. By this structure also the cap screw tends to aid in holding the yoke and the frog more securely together. The upper portion 33 of the back of the yoke may be out away as appears most clearly in Fig. 3, and thus provide an easy and convenient access for the purpose if desired of riveting the plate 36 to the frog 2. The lower front end of the yoke acts also as a reinforcement to the lower front edge or toe of the frog in the structure herein shown, and materially adds to the strength and efficiency of the parts since the pressure of the lower end of the cap iron 6 is applied near this point. The cutting edge of the plane iron may be projected through the throat or slot 10 in the base of the stock portion just in front of the toe of the frog. The face of the frog is also reinforced as shown by the depressed portion 29 which in stamping the article forms a corrugation at that point substantially opposite the point of application of the pressure applied by the cam lever 65 at the upper end of the cap iron.

The whole structure is exceedingly light in weight and although very simple and economical in its construction is durable and efficient.

The yoke 3 forms a backing for the plane-iron and may be referred to in some of the claims by the term backing or frog backing.

What we claim is:

1. In a plane the combination of a stock-portion having a throat therein for the passage of a plane-iron, a chair at the rear of said throat, a sheet metal frog adapted to sit upon said chair, a plane-iron bearing against the face of said frog, a plate for said plane-iron, a screw for securing said plane-iron and said plate together, a perforation through the face of said frog forming a cavity to receive the head of said screw the head of said screw being accessible from the rear of said frog, the sides of said frog being depressed to form supporting flanges, substantially as described.

2. In a plane the combination of a stock-portion having a throat therein for the passage of a plane-iron, a chair at the rear of said throat, a sheet metal frog sitting upon said chair, a plane-iron bearing against the face of said frog, a plate reinforcing said plane-iron, a screw for securing said plane-iron and said plate together, a recess in the face of said frog forming a cavity to receive the head of said screw, pivot ears formed from the metal of the face of said frog and bent above said recess forming bearings for the pivot of an adjustment lever.

3. In a plane the combination of a stock-portion having a throat therein for the passage of a plane-iron, a chair at the rear of said throat, a sheet metal frog sitting upon said chair, a plane-iron bearing against the face of said frog, a plate for said plane-iron, a screw for securing said plane-iron and said plate together, a perforation through the face of said frog forniing a cavity to receive the head of said screw, pivot ears formed frori the metal of said frog and above said cavity forming bearings for the pivot of an adjustment lever, said adjustinent lever being formed of sheet metal and having bearings in the opposite sides thereof, substantially as described.

4. In a plane the combination of a stock-portion having a throat therein for the passage of a plane-iron, a raised chair at the rear of said throat, a sheet metal frog for said chair, a plane-iron bearing against the face of said frog, a plate over said plane-iron, a screw for securing said plane-iron and said plate together, a perforation through the face of said frog forming a cavity to receive the head of said screw the head of said screw being accessible from the rear of said frog, the sides of said frog being depressed and forrning triangular shaped supporting flanges for said frog resting on said chair, the forward edge of said frog projecting downward beyond the chair and resting on the sole back of the throat and forward of the chair.

5. In a plane, a stock-portion having a chair seat therein, a frog adapted to support a plane-iron and adjacent parts, the sides of said frog being depressed to form supporting and reinforcing flanges and a sheet metal yoke portion secured to said frog, and means for securing said yoke portion to said frog portion, substantially as described.

6. In a plane, the combination of a stock-portion, a frog for supporting a plane-iron, the said frog being formed of sheet metal having the opposite sides depressed to forrn supporting and reinforcing flanges, a yoke secured to said frog forming a seat for said frog, and a screw secured in said yoke portion and adapted to carry a means for adjusting the cutting depth of a plane-iron.

7. In a plane, a stock-portion having a chair therein, a sheet metal frog adapted to support a plane-iron, screws for securing said frog to said stock-portion, a perforation through the face of said frog to permit of access to the said screws, a plane-iron having a plate at the top thereof, a screw for securing said plate and said iron together, a perforation in the face of said frog to receive the head of said screw, a lever for laterally adjusting the position of said plane-iron, a depressed portion from the face of said frog to form a recess to receive said laterally adjusting lever, pivot ears struck from the metal of said frog and bent down to form bearings for an adjustment lever, the metal of the face of said frog being cut away above and below at the sides of said ears, substantially as described.

8. ln a plane, a stock-portion having a chair therein, a sheet metal frog adapted to support a plane-iron, screws for securing said frog to said stock-portion, a perforation through the face of said frog to permit of access to said screws, a plane-iron having a plate at the top thereof, a screw for securing said plate and said iron together, a perforation in the face of said frog to receive the head of said screw, a lever for laterally adjusting the position of said plane-iron, a depressed portion from the face of said frog to form a recess to receive said laterally adjusting lever, pivot ears struck from the metal of said frog and bent down to forrn bearings for an adiustrnent lever, the metal of the face of said frog being out away at the sides of said ears, and a yoke portion secured to said frog forming a reinforce therefor, and providing a bearing for a cap screw and also a bearing for an adjusting screw.

9. ln a plane, a sheet metal frog forrned with depressed side flanges, a sheet metal yoke having slots in the base thereof for adjusting-screws, said yoke being bent down at the upper portion and secured to the underside of the face of said frog, substantially as described.

10. ln a plane, a sheet metal frog formed with depressed side flanges, a sheet metal yoke having slots in the base thereof for adjusting-screws, said yoke being bent down at the upper-portion and secured to said frog, and a cut out portion in the face of said frog below the point of attachrnent of the upper end of said yoke, whereby access may be had to the slots in the base of said yoke, as and for the purpose specified.

11. In a plane, a frog formed of sheet metal having the sides depressed to form supporting flanges , a yoke formed of sheet metal and separately therefrom but united to the underside of the face thereof at the lower end and also at the upper end by a bent down portion, substantially as described.

12. ln a plane, a stock-portion, a frog for and forming a bearing for a plane-iron, means for securing said frog to said stock-portion, a plane-iron secured to the face of said frog, a plate secured to said plane-iron, a screw for fastening said plate to said iron, a recess in the face of said frog forming a cavity to receive the head of said screw, bearings formed integral with said frog and above said recess, an adjustment lever formed of sheet metal and having its nose projecting upward into a hole in said plate and having bearings in the two opposite sides thereof for a pivot therefor, and means for operating said adjusting lever, substantially as described.

13. In a plane, a stock-portion, a frog for and forming a bearing for a plane-iron, means for securing said frog to said stock-portion, a plane-iron secured to the face of said frog, a plate secured to said plane-iron, a screw for fastening said plate to said iron, a recess in the face of said frog forming a cavity to receive the head of said screw, pivot bearing ears formed integral with said frog, the face of said frog being out away at the sides near the upper and lower edges of each pivot bearing ears for the purpose specified.

14. In a plane, a stock-portion, a frog for supporting a plane-iron, a yoke portion formed of sheet metal and secured to said frog portion and having slots in the base thereof for receiving securing screws and a support in the rear thereof for carrying a Y-adjustment screw.

15. In a plane, a frog formed of sheet metal having a perforation near the top thereof to receive a screw-head, a yoke portion formed of sheet metal and at its lower forward edge parallel to the face of said frog portion, the base of said yoke portion being bent back from the face of said frog to form a bearing surface and slotted to receive securing screws, the back of said yoke portion being adapted to form a bearing for an adjustment lever screw, and means for securing the upper end of said yoke to said frog.

16. In a plane, a frog formed of sheet metal having a recess near the top thereof to receive a screw-head, a yoke portion formed of sheet metal and secured at its lower forward edge to said frog portion, the base of said yoke portion being bent back from said frog and having holes to receive securing screws, the back of said yoke portion being adapted to form a bearing for an adjustment screw, the upper end of said yoke being bent downward and forward and parallel to the face of said frog, and means for securing said bent down portion to said frog.

17. In a plane, a frog formed of sheet metal adapted to support a plane iron, a yoke portion formed of sheet metal and at its lower forward edge secured to said frog portion, the base of said yoke portion having holes to receive securing screws, the back of said yoke portion being adapted to form a bearing for an adjustment screw, the upper end of said yoke forming a supporting means for a cap screw.

18. In a plane, a frog formed of sheet metal adapted to form a bearing for a plane iron, a yoke-portion formed of sheet metal and secured at its lower edge to said frog portion, the base of said yoke portion having holes to receive securing screws, the back of said yoke portion being adapted to form a bearing for an adjustment screw, and means for securing the upper end of said yoke to said frog, the sides of said frog being depressed to form reinforcing flanges about said yoke portion.

19. In a plane, a plane stock, a chair portion therein, a frog adapted to carry a plane-iron, a sheet metal yoke secured to said frog having a base portion and being secured at its upper portion to the said frog and having a back portion extending from said upper portion to said base, said back portion being narrowed at the top adjacent said top portion to facilitate attaching the said top portion to the said frog.

20. A frog for a plane said frog being formed of wrought metal, the opposite edges being turned downwardly, a sheet metal frog-backing to the rear and underneath said frog, permanently secured to the frog, and means for removably securing the backing to the plane stock.

21. In a plane, the combination of a stock portion, a frog formed of sheet metal and adapted to support a plane iron said frog having downwardly extending flanges formed integrally with its face, a rearwardly extending sheet metal member carried by said frog and substantially parallel to the upper surface of the sole of said stock portion an upward extension therefrom secured to the back of the frog and means for securing said frog to said stock portion whereby it may be adjusted backward and forward on its seat.

22. In a plane, a plane stock, a frog formed of sheet metal and having reinforcing side flanges, a sheet metal frog-backing formed separately from said stock and said frog, means for securing said backing to said frog and means for adjustably securing said backing to said stock to permit said frog to be adjusted to and fro and a passage through the frog to afford access to the last mentioned means.

23. A frog for a plane, said frog being formed of sheet metal, downwardly extending integral side flanges and a separately formed sheet metal downwardly extending and reinforcing backing secured to the frog.

24. A frog for planes, said frog being formed of sheet metal, a separate backing attached thereto and extending downwardly and to the rear thereof, screws for securing said frog to the plane, a passage through the face of the frog to afford access to the screws, an opening in the upper part of the frog and integral lugs adjacent to said opening and a lever pivot-ed between said lugs.

25. In a plane, a stock portion, a frog therefor formed of sheet metal and having at downwardly extending backing securely fixed at the rear thereof end resting on the stock, and means for removably securing the same thereto.

26. In a plane, the combination of a stock portion, a sheet metal frog adapted to support a plane iron and a reinforcing sheet metal yoke portion secured to said frog, said yoke portion having a downwardly extending member, a forwardly extending member and a further downwardly and forwardly extending member, the letter being secured to said frog adjacent its foward lower end.

27. In plane, a stock portion, a frog carried thereby, a plane iron and cap carried by said frog, a lever for adjusting said plane iron formed of sheet metal and having side arms connected by an integral bend forming a double nose for engagement with the plane iron, and an adjusting member cooperating with said side arms for moving said lever.

Signed at New Britain, Conn., this 2d day of May 1902.

CHARLES E. MITCHELL.
EDMUND A. SCHADE.

Witnesses:
H. S. WALTER,
W. J. WORAM.

No. 865,491 – Bench-Plane (Burton M. Graves And Frank N. Loson) (1907)

[paiddownloads id=”645″]865491

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

BURTON M. GRAVES AND FRANK N. LOSON, OF LOWVILLE, NEW YORK.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

865,491. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Sept. 10, 1907.
Application filed May 7, 1906. Serial No. 315,549.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, BURTON M. GRAVES and FRANK N. LOSON, citizens ol the United States, residing at Lowville, in the county of Lewis and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

Our invention relates to an improved bench plane, and we declare that the following is a lull, clear, concise and exact description thereof sufficient to enable one skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accoinpanying drawings in which like letters and numerals refer to like parts throughout.

The invention comprises the several utilities shown in the drawings and herein fully pointed out with references to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view ot the plane; Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a sliding block which carries the blade; Fig, 3 is a cross section view on the line y–y Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a view of the block and its adjusting parts taken from the rear; Fig. 5 is a partial section view on the line x–x of Fig. 1 & Fig. 6 is a view of a part.

ln the drawings 1 represents the stock of the plane having the side rails 2, handle 3 and grip 4. The stock is of ordinary construction and as are also the side rails 2 extending from the front to the rear and integral with the stock and being raised torward of the middle to support between them the chipping block 5 which may be made integral or fixed suitably. The blade is represented by 6 and has openings centrally disposed and numbered 7 through one of which pin 8 passes to support the blade.

The parts which support the blade include a sliding member 9 which may be moved to and fro on the upper face of the stock between the side rails. At its rear it has cutout 10 to receive stud 11 which is integral with the stock or fixed thereto and which is pierced at its upper end to receive pin 12 on which cam 13 is pivotally mounted so that its lower portion, indicated by 13a, bears on the front and rear faces of the cutout 10 to move the block 9 to and fro as the cam is turned to crowd the blade into position or to withdraw it. The block 9 has an extension 9a which, together with the block, is suitably grooved and recessed to receive the worm 14 which is operated by the thuinbscrew 14a to be mounted on the stem of the worm after the parts are assembled. On the front and beveled face of the block 9 and dovetailed into it is a slidably mounted adjusting block 15 having its under edge transversely cut to receive the threads of the worm 14 so that by the turning of the worm the block 15 may be raised or lowered. Near the upper end of the sliding block 15 is a dovetail to receive transverse sliding block 16 on which is mounted pin 8 to support the blade 6. The sliding block 16 is upset at the end to carry the screw 17 which engages the sliding block 15 and by the operation oi which the block 16 is moved laterally to give proper side tilt or adjustment to the blade. By the cooperation ol these two adjusting means the blade can be positioned as needed to bring the blade 6 against the chipping block 5.

Ordinarily the adjustment of the blade is made to control the thickness of the shaving, but we have devised a further improvement readily adjustable to conditions without necessitating the troublesome readjustment of the blade after it has once been put in proper alinement and feed. The hand-grip 4 is screw mounted on the pin 17, and between the hand-grip and the stock of the plane we provide plate 18 slotted longitudinally as at 19 lor the pin 17. The inner end of the plate is substantially the width of the space between the side rails 2 and at the end toward the blade is bent downwardly and parallel with the face of the stock. The side rails are slightly notched, as indicated at 2a, and the edges 18a of the plate 18 are extended to fit into said grooves, the grooves being slightly extended to permit to and fro movement of the plate so that the front edge of the plate 18 is slightly wider than the blade 6. By slightly unscrewing the grip 4 the plate can be moved to and fro to widen or narrow the space between its edge and the tip of the blade so as to control the amount of work to be done or material to be removed by the operation of the plane.

Having described our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. A plane having a throat-opening enlarged forwardly of the blade and bounded on the side by the side rails of the plane, the said rails having their lower edges notched on the inner face thereof from about the blade-tip to the forward end of the throat, and a plate slidably mounted on the fore-stock and between the rails and extended to and into the throat and thence bent to provide a bottom face level with the bottom face of the stock, the plate at said end having an edge extended to fit into the said notch in the side rails, substantially as described.

2. A plane having a forwardly extended throat and an adjusting plate adjustably mounted on the forestock and extending into the throat and of a width equal to the distance between the side rails at the top of the throat-opening but widening at the bottom of said opening to extend laterally beyond the inner faces of the side rails, the bottom edges of the side rails being cut out and partly therethrough to receive the said widened portion of the plate, substantially as shown.

In testimony whereof we affix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

BURTON M. GRAVES.
FRANK N. LOSON.

Witnesses:
SAMUEL P. GURNSEY,
EMERSON GRAVES.

No. 840,418 – Carpenter’s Plane (William F. Arnold) (1907)

[paiddownloads id=”637″]840418

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLIAM F. ARNOLD, OF OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA.

CARPENTER’S PLANE.

_________________

840,418. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Jan. 1, 1907.
Application filed September 12, 1906. Serial No. 334,372.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM F. ARNOLD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Oakland, in the county of Alameda and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carpenters’ Planes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the class of carpenters’ planes, and is applicable to smoothers, jointers, or jack-planes.

The objects of my invention are to provide a better bearing in the stock for the shoe, to avoid cutting too much of the stock away to let the shoe in, to provide an accurate adjustment for the cutting-bit without friction or lost motion, and to provide an effective and easily-operated means for clamping the cutting-bit to the shoe.

To these ends my invention consists in the novel constructions and combinations, which I shall hereinafter fully describe by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which —

Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of a plane embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the top bit. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the cutting-bit. Fig. 4 is a plerspective view of the shoe.

1 is the stock, aving the throat 2, handle 3, and button 4.

5 is the shoe. Its lower end, or, as it may be termed, its “sole” 6, is flat, with a beveled toe 7 and a shouldered heel 8. Through the sole is made the bit-opening 9. The sides of the sole are bounded by low flanges 10.

In the shank of the shoe is formed a groove 11, which near its upper portion is out through to form a slot 12. In the groove 11 is seated a slide 13, on the upper surface of which is a bit-holding lug 14. This lug may be of any shape, here shown rectangular, and there may be more than one of them, two being here shown. From the under side of the slide projects a lug 15, which plays in the slot 12 of the shoe-shank. The end of said shank is formed with a downwardly-projecting lug 16. An adjusting-screw 17 is seated in lugs 16 and 15, said screw having, as shown in Fig. 1, its outer portion 18, which passes through lug 16, right-hand threaded and its inner portion 19 reduced and left-hand threaded to opperate in lug 15. By this reversal of the threads the screw 17 is enabled to move the slide 13 up or down.

The shoe 5 has a central binding-screw 20, and on each side it has slots 21, in which are fitted holding-screws 22. The shoe 5 is fitted to the stock 1 by passing it up through the throat 2 from below, so that, as seen in Fig. 1, its sole 6 fits up flush with the bottom of the stock, the throat being correspondingly cut away to receive said sole. At this point two improvements are to be noted. The first is that by having the shouldered heel 8 fitting squarely, as seen in Fig. 1, against a substantial thickness of the stock the latter at this point is not, as is usual, cut down to a feather-edge, which is a defect, both in affording a weak bearing and in permitting the entrance of slivers; but with the substantial heel 8, bearing against a good thickness of wood, afirm bearing is obtained against end thrust, and no splinters can enter. The second point is that by having the low side flanges 10 on the sole of the shoe I need cut away but a small portion of the throat-walls to receive them flush.

In the ordinary construction in which the side flanges of the shoe run up high to receive the cross-pin which forms part of the bit-holding devices a great part of the throat-walls has to be cut away to let them in. This weakens the stock across the throat, and many stocks break in falling; but with the low flanges 10 of my construction a minimum of wood is cut away to fit them, and said flanges can be low, because I dispense with the customary cross-pin which they usually carry.

The shoe 5 is adjustably secured to the stock by the holding-screws 22, (seen in Fig. 4,) which are deep-seated in the wood. The binding-screw 20 also enters the wood, as seen in Fig. 1.

23 is the cutting-bit. It is formed with a long slot 24, provided with enlargements 25. The cutting-bit lies upon the shoe 5, its slot 24 fitting over the binding-screw 20 and its enlargements 25 fitting over the holding-lugs 14 of the slide 13.

The top bit shown in Fig. 2 is composed, as usual, of the blank blind bit 26 and the top cap 27. The two are adjustably fitted together by the screws 23, passing through the slots 29. A slot 30 in the top cap and an alined slot 31 in the blind bit, Fig. 1, enable them to be fitted over the binding-screw 20.

The novel feature of the to bit is the slitting of the blind bit 26 to form a spring-tongue 31, Fig. 2. Against this spring-tongue bears a pressure-screw 32, seated in the top cap, which has the function when the top bit is in place, as shown in Fig. 1, of forcing the spring-tongue down upon the cutting-bit, which pressure being resisted by the binding-screw 20 effectually clamps both top bit and cutting-bit to the shoe. By relieving this pressure, as by turning back the pressure-screw 32, the cutting-bit can be properly adjusted through the action of the adjusting-screw 17. The shoe itself can be adjusted as the stock wears, and the top bit can be adjusted on the cutting-bit to determine the shaving.

The advantage of the right and left threaded adjusting-screw 17 is that its threaded bearing in the slide-lug 15 is less liable to friction and to wear and tear resulting in lost motion than if a plain collar-bearing were used, as is customary. It is accurate and easy in its movement.

Another advantage of my invention lies in the connections between the cutting-bit and the adjacent parts which result in freeing said bit of all directly-connected lugs or other attachments which tend to interfere with the work of sharpening it. As I have it there is nothing connected with it and it is left clean to be handled as required.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. In a carpenter’ s plane, a shoe having its sole formed with a shouldered heel to bear against a corresponding shoulder in the stock-throat.

2. In a carpenter s plane, the combination of a stock, the throat of which at the lower terminus of its rear wall is formed with a bearing-shoulder, and a shoe the sole of which is formed with a shouldered heel bearing against the shoulder of the stock-throat.

3. In a carpenter’s plane, the combination of a shoe secured in the stock-throat, the shank of said shoe having a groove terminating in a slot at its upper end; a slide seated in said shoe-shank groove, and having a lug passing down through said slot said slide having also a holding-lug on its upper surface; a cutting-bit having an opening to engage the holding-lug of the slide; means for clamping the bit to the shoe ; and means engaging the downwardly-extending lug of the slide for adjusting said slide.

4. In a carpenter’s plane, the combination of a shoe secured in the stock-throat, the shank of said shoe having a groove terminating in a slot at its upper end; a slide seated in said shoe-shank groove and having a holding-lug on its upper surface; a cutting-bit having an opening to engage the holding-lug, means for clamping the bit to the shoe; and means for adjusting the bit consisting of a lug on the slide playing down through the shoe-shank slot, a lug on the shoe, and a right and left hand threaded screw seated in said lugs.

5. In a carpenter’s plane, the combination of a shoe secured in the stock-throat, the shank of said shoe having a groove terminating in a slot at its upper end; a slide seated in said shoe-shank groove; a cutting-bit; inter-engaging devices between the bit and slide; means for clamping the bit to the shoe; and means for adjusting the bit consisting of a lug on the slide playing down through the shoe-shank slot, a lug on the shoe, and a right and left hand threaded screw seated in said lugs.

6. In a carpenter’s plane, the combination of a shoe secured in the stock-throat; a cutting-bit adjustably seated on the shoe; a top bit comprising a blank blind bit and a top cap, said blind bit being slit to form a spring-tongue; a pressure-screw in the top cap to force the spring-tongue down upon the cutting-bit; and a binding-screw passing through the top bit, the cutting-bit and the shoe, into the stock, to resist the pressure-screw, whereby the cutting-bit is clamped to the shoe.

7. In a carpenter’s plane, the combination of a shoe secured in the stock-throat; a slide seated in the shoe and having a holding-lug on its face; means for adjusting the slide; a cutting-bit having an opening engaging the holding-lug of the slide; a top bit comprising a blank blind bit and a top cap, said blind bit being slit to form a spring-tongue; a pressure-screw in the top cap to force the spring-tongue down upon the cutting-bit; and a binding-screw passing through the top bit, the cutting-bit and the shoe, into the stock, to resist the pressure-screw, whereby the cutting-bit is clamped to the shoe.

8. In a carpenter’s plane, the combination of a shoe secured in the stock-throat; a slide seated in the shoe and having a holding-lug on its face; means for adjusting the slide consisting of a lug on the slide, a lug on the shoe and a right and left hand threaded screw engaging said lugs; a cutting-bit having an opening engaging the holding-lug of the slide; a top bit comprising a blank blind bit and a top cap, said blind bit having a spring-tongue; a pressure-screw in the top cap to force the spring-tongue down upon the cutting-bit; and a binding-screw passing through the top bit, the cutting-bit and the shoe, into the stock, to resist the ressure-screw, whereby the cutting-bit is clamped to the shoe.

9. In a carpenter’s plane, the combination of a shoe having its solle formed with a shouldered heel and bounded by low side flanges, said sole being iet into corresponding depressions in the stock, a slide seated in the shoe and having a holding-lug on its face; means for adjusting the slide, consisting of a lug on the slide, a lug on the shoe and a right and left hand threaded screw engaging said lugs; a cutting-bit having an opening engaging the holding-lug of the slide; a top bit comprising a blank blind bit and a top cap, said blind bit having a spring-tongue; a pressure-screw in the top cap to force the spring-tongue down upon the cutting-bit; and a binding-screw passing through the top bit, the cutting-bit and the shoe, into the stock, to resist -the pressure-screw, whereby the cutting-bit is clamped to the shoe.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM F. ARNOLD.

Witnesses:
CHARLES H. TAYLOR,
N. A. ACKER.

No. 799,234 – Carpenter’s Plane (John Jett) (1905)

[paiddownloads id=”624″]799234

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN JETT, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

CARPENTER’S PLANE

_________________

799,234. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Sept. 12, 1905.
Application filed August 18, 1904. Serial No. 221,296.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN JETT, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of San Francisco, in the county of San Francisco and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carpenters’ Planes, of which the following is a specification.

The objects I have in view are, first, to produce an adjustable plane in which the bit or plane-iron is held more firmly and is more easy to adjust than heretofore; second, to produce an adjustable plane in which the different parts are less liable to become disarranged than heretofore; and to this end the main feature of my invention consists in providing a roller which extends across the plane in front of the bit and about midway between the top and bottom of the plane-stock and having an improved gearing between the roller and bit by which the bit is given a slow and positive movement and by which the bit is held in any position without the use of any locking device.

Another feature is to have the roller connected to a lever on the outside of the stock and have a lug to hold the lever in place and prevent end movement of the roller.

Another feature is to provide a hood above the roller to protect, strengthen, and afford a continuous bearing for the same.

Another feature is to hold the bit and cap-plate more firmly together so they will not become disarranged when the bit is carried under the roller.

Another feature is to have the gearing adjustably attached to the cap-plate, so that the lever will occupy a convenient position when the bit is clamped to the stock.

These features are more fully described in the following specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part thereof.

Figure 1 is a side view of my improved plane ready for use. Fig. 9. is a longitudinal sectional view of the central part of the plane, showing the mechanism by which the bit is adjusted. Fig. 3 is an enlarged cross-section of the plane on the line 1 1 of Fig. 1, showing a sectional view near the left-hand side of the plane looking forward, the bit cap-plate and gear-plate not being shown. Fig. A is a top view of the gear-plate, cap-plate, and bit in their proper position, the roller being shown crosswise at the bottom. Fig. 5 is a cross-section on the line 2 2. of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a cross-section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a top view of the lever for adjusting the bit sidewise. Fig. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of the adjusting mechanism as applied to metal plane-stocks.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

In the drawings, the letter S represents the plane-stock, which is cutout at the middle to receive the bit, the same as in the old-style wooden-wedge plane-stock. The stock is then cut to receive the bushing x, of which there is one on each side of the stock, and is held thereto by the screws x’, which enter the solid part of the stock, as shown in Fig. 2. The bushing serves as a bearing to receive the roller R, which extends through the stock about midway between the top and bottom in front of the bit. The roller is actuated by the lever L, which is rigidly attached thereto and is usually placed on the left-hand side of the plane, as shown in Fig. 1. These parts are held in place by the lug r on the bushing, a part of this lug being cut away to receive the beveled part l on the lever, and this beveled part is cutaway, as at l’, so as to pass the lug, and thus allow the roller to be removed and replaced at will.

The roller is provided with a double spiral groove G, Fig. 4, adapted to receive the V-shaped rib g on the gear»plate g’ I prefer to have this rib with a wider angle than the groove in the roller. Then the rib and groove will not be in exact alinement, and the groove itself is cut wider to receive the rib. This will cause the gear-plate to have a slower movement when compared with the roller and will give a finer adjustment of the bit.

The gear-plate is pivoted to the dovetail sliding member e bythe rivet e’. This member slides in the dovetail slot i, Fig. 6, in the cap-plate C and is made adjustable thereto by the bolt c and the nut c’. The cap-plate has a small section C’ cut out near its upper end, and this section is made adjustable to the bit B by the cap-bolt D and the nut d, which moves up and down in the dovetail slot i’ in the bit, and when the bolt is tightened the nut will be wedged into the slot, and thus held more firmly than where it is seated on a flat surface, and when it is desired to sharpen the bit the cap-plate is lifted off the adjustable section without loosening the screw. By this arrangement I dispense with the large hole which is usually placed at one end of the slot in the bit. I therefore make the slot of uniform width, which requires less work and less material.

Above the roller is the hood lt, which serves to protect the gearing and strengthen the roller and gives it a bearing the entire distance between the bushings. It extends from side to side on the inside of the plane, and its cross-section, as shown in Fig. 2, is uniform from side to side. It extends under the abutment a at each side of the plane, as shown in Fig. 3, and I prefer to have the semisleeve a’ on the bushing extend out flush with the abutment, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, as this connects the hood firmly to the bushings; but this can be dispensed with, if desired. The abutment serves to hold the upper part of the hood firmly down on the roller and the lower part firmly down on the cap-plate, and when the roller is removed the hood is easily taken out.

I prefer to have the bed, or “that part just behind the bit,” cut away, as at f, Fig. 2, so as to allow the bit to spring when it is carried under the roller; but this can be avoided by having the bit curved upward in the middle when out of the plane. Then when it is carried under the roller it will spring almost straight.

The bit can be adjusted sidewise by a pivoted lever, the lower end of which enters the slot in the bit near the cap-screw similar to the ones now in general use; but this requires a long slot, and consequently a long bit, which is undesirable, and to avoid this I provide a lever N, which is pivoted to the brace b by the rivet b’. The lower end of this brace is attached to the stock and the upper end is attached to the handle H. It serves as a brace for the handle and also a support for the lever. The lower end of this lever is pressed or bent upward, as at n, and this part is provided with a slot n’, adapted to receive the lug d’ at the lower end of the cap-bolt. This lug can be attached to the nut d, as shown in Fig. 8, if desired. In either case it is attached firmly to the bit. It will be seen that the raised part n, extends up on each side of the rivet and serves to guide the lug into the slot when the bit is being placed in the stock.

It will also be seen that the old style wooden-wedge plane can be converted to use the mechanism here described and can then be used with the new or the old system, as desired. My improvement is also well adapted for metal plane-stocks, in which no bushing is required. The abutment a, Fig. 8, is cast or riveted on each side above the hood and serves the same purpose as described in the wooden stock. The brace b, instead of being a narrow strip as in the wooden plane, has its lower end widened, so as to extend the entire width of the stock, and is bent into the form of an angle. The vertical part t passes through a slot in the upper edge of the stock and is riveted on the outside. The horizontal part t’ rests on the upper edge of the stock. These two parts serve to hold the brace firmly to the stock and also serve to support the bit, which presses strongly thereon; otherwise the brace serves the same purpose as in the wooden stock. Another feature in this plane is the wooden fender w, attached to the bottom on the inside behind the bit. It may be an extension of the handle or may be a separate piece. It serves to prevent the edge of the bit from being dulled when it is being placed in the stock. Another feature is to pivot the gear-plate direct to the cap-plate and dispense with the dovetail sliding member previously described. This works well where the bottom of the plane is not subject to much wear and where the cap-plate is not shifted through a wide range.

When it is desired to remove the bit, the lever L is moved over to the front end of the stock, causing the gear to release the bit, which can then be taken out and replaced at will.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. A plane having a plane-iron and a gearing adjustably attached thereto, the gearing consisting of a gear-plate with a V-shaped rib thereon, and having a roller passing through the stock in front of the plane-iron and having a lever attached to the roller on the outside of the stock, and having the roller provided with a double spiral groove adapted to engage the rib on the gear-plate and carry it forward under the roller and thus bind it firmly to the stock.

2. A plane having a plane-iron and a gearing adjustably attached thereto the gearing consisting of a gear-plate with a V-shaped rib thereon and having a roller passing through the stock in front of the plane-iron the roller provided with a double spiral groove with a less angle than the rib on the gear-plate and adapted to engage the rib and carry it forward under the roller and thus bind it firmly to the stock.

3. A plane having a plane-iron and a gearing adjustably attached thereto and having a roller passing through the stock in front of the plane-iron, and having a lever attached to the roller on the outside of the stock and having a lug adapted to hold the lever in place and prevent end movement of the roller and having the roller provided with gearing adapted to engage the gearing on the plane-iron and carry it forward under the roller and thus bind it firmly to the stock.

4. A plane having a plane-iron and a cap-plate and a gearing adjustably attached thereto and having a roller passing through the stock in front of the cap-plate the roller provided with gearing adapted to engage the gearing on the cap-plate and carry it forward under the roller and thus bind it firmly to the stock.

5. A plane having a plane-iron and a cap-plate with a small section cut out near its upper end and having the section adjustably attached to the plane-iron by a bolt and nut the nut being adapted to wedge into the slot of the plane-iron and having a gearing adjustably attached to the cap-plate and having a roller passing through the stock in front of the cap-plate the roller provided with gearing adapted to engage the gearing on the cap-plate and carry it forward under the roller and thus bind it firmly to the stock.

6. A plane having a plane-iron and a gearing adjustably attached thereto and having a roller passing through the stock in front of the plane-iron and having a hood above the roller on the inside of the stock adapted to strengthen the roller and afford a good bearing for the same, the roller provided with a gearing adapted to engage the gearing on the plane-iron and carry it forward under the roller and thus bind it firmly to the stock.

JOHN JETT.

Witnesses:
J. M. EVERS,
S. THORN.

No. 794,667 – Plane (Gustav Dechant) (1905)

[paiddownloads id=”623″]794667

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

GUSTAV DECHANT, OF KIEL, GERMANY.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 794,667, dated July 11, 1905.
Application filed May 10, 1904. Serial No. 207,307.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GUSTAV DECHANT, a subject of the German Emperor, and a resident of Gerhardtstrasse 5, Kiel, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in planes holding several adjustable blades or bits; and its object is to provide a plane which may be used successively for different kinds of work, such as chipping, planing, finishing, rabbeting, &c., thus uniting several tools in one.

I attain my object by the construction illustrated herewith on the accompanying drawings, in which —

Figure 1 is a section on the line A B of Fig. 2; Fig. 2, a plan view of the same; Fig. 3, a front view of the casing for the blades hereinafter referred to; and Fig. 4, a section on the line C D of the said casing.

To the stock a of the plane there is secured in an oblique cylindrical aperture b a casing c, holding several blades or bits as they are used for several kinds of work, as above mentioned. The casing is adjustable in longitudinal direction by means of a set-screw d, pressing against the beveled surfaces e, and so adjustable that the said casing may be made sliding up or down. A leaf or small metal plate f is provided for securing the said casing in its position and preventing its disarrangement or untimely sliding upward, a small screw g pressing the said leaf against the casing. The blades or bits h, for the several kinds of work are provided within the said casing, which contains also a square tube k, against the surfaces of which the said blades are pressed and held fast by the small screws i.

In putting the plane to use I first give it the ordinary position which is for the coarsest work — the chipping. In order to use the tool for fmer or rabbeting work, I loosen the set-screw and turn the casing far enough to put the next blade or bit in position, and again the third and fourth. Marks l are provided to show how far the casing is to be turned each time to give it the position in which the several plates can be put to work. By turning on the screw each blade is kept fast, as aforesaid.

The above-mentioned square tube k may be substituted by any other suitable form, the number of blades depending on the number of surfaces of the said tube, so that each blade may be supported by a surface.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to protect by Letters Patent, is —

1. In a plane, the combination of the stock provided with an inclined cylindrical opening, a cylindrical casing having a beveled portion surrounding it, a plurality of tools carried by said casing, and a screw acting on the beveled portion of the cylindrical casing.

2. In a plane, the combination of a stock provided with a cylindrical oblique aperture, a casing with beveled surfaces, a square or other angular tube inserted in the said casing, several blades or bits contained in the said casing, each of the said blades or bits resting on a surface of the said angular tube, and screws for adjusting and holding fast the said casing and blades substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two witnesses.

GUSTAV DECHANT.

Witnesses:
JULIUS RõPKE,
CARL FUHLJAHN.

No. 779,246 – Bench-Plane (Alonzo St. John) (1905)

[paiddownloads id=”614″]779246

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ALONZO ST. JOHN, OF LOWVILLE, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO F. N. LOSON, OF LOWVILLE, NEW YORK.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 779,246, dated January 3, 1905.
Application filed February 6, 1904. Serial No. 192,420.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALONZO ST. JOHN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Lowville, in the county of Lewis and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in bench-planes, and the object of the invention is to produce a device of this character which will be simple in construction and having means for easily and rapidly adjusting the knife; and it consists, essentially, in the provision of a cam-shaped member, adapted to cause the knife-holding block to securely clamp the knife in an adjusted position while the operator still has hold of the handle of the stock of the plate, and in the provision of means for regulating the gage of the knife.

My invention consists, further, in various details of construction, combinations, and arrangements of parts, which will be hereinafter fully described, and then specifically deined in the appended claims.

I illustrate my invention in the accompanying drawings, which, with the letters of reference marked thereon, form a part of this application, and in which similar letters of reference indicate like parts in the views, in which —

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section through my improved bench-plane. Fig. 2 is a detail perspective view of the knife-holding block. Fig. 3 is a sectional view on line 3 3 of Fig. 1.

Reference now being had to the details of the drawings by letter, A designates the stock of the plane, which is made of metal of any suitable kind and of any shape or size and has a knob A’ and a handle B of the usual construction. C designates a block of substantially wedge shape, the forward face C’ of which is recessed, the walls of said recess being inclined, forming a flaring recess widest at its bottom and adapted to receive a slide E, having its opposite longitudinal edges beveled and adapted to engage the inclined walls of said recess. On the rear of said slide E is an integral rack having teeth E’, which engage with a worm F, which is fixed to rotate with a shaft H, journaled in an aperture in said wedge-shaped member C. (Shown clearly in Fig. 1 of the drawings.) The outer end of the shaft H has a milled wheel H’, whereby the shaft may be carried in one direction or the other for the purpose of raising or lowering said slide. The upper end of said slide is recessed, as at e, and pivotally mounted upon a pin K. At the apex of said recess e is a bar N, at the outer end of which is formed a threaded eye N ’, adapted to receive the threaded shank portion of the shaft Q, which is journaled in the arms e’ of said slide. A lug n projects from the bar N at any suitable location and is adapted to engage an aperture in the knife R, whereby as the milled wheel T, fixed to the end of the shaft Q, is rotated in one direction or the other the bar N may be thrown slightly in one direction or the other for the purpose of adjusting the angle of the cutting edge of the planing-knife. It will be noted, however, that the pivotal movement of the bar N is very slight, such movement being afforded by having a loose connection between the threads upon the adjusting-screw T and the threads of the eye in said bar, and a very slight movement of the bar is sufhcient for any adjustment of the angle of the plane-iron.

Rising from the base of the stock is a bracket-arm O, carrying a pivot-pin O’, upon which a cam member J is mounted, said cam member being adapted to have a play in a recess a, formed in the upper surface of the horizontal projection of the member C and to bear against the inclined forward or rear edges of said recess for the purpose of causing the member C to be driven forward or withdrawn from clamping engagement with the knife, the forward throw of the handle end of said cam member being adapted to throw the block in clamping relation, so that the knife will be frictionally held against the cross-piece I, interposed between and integral with the stock of the plane, while the reverse movement of said cam will serve to withdraw the handle to allow the knife to be removed from the stock.

From the foregoing it will be observed that by the provision of a plane embodying the features of my invention the knife may be easily adjusted and locked in place upon the stock by the simple manipulation of the cam member, which may be actuated by one of the fingers of the operator while grasping the handle of the stock, and by turning the milled wheel T in one direction or the other the bar N may be thrown slightly to one side or the other for the purpose of regulating the angle of the cutting edge of the blade to the transverse slot through which it passes in the stock. When the plane becomes clogged with shavings, which especially happens when the wood is damp or wet, by giving a backward-and-forward movement to the cam the block may be withdrawn from the knife and the dust and shavings easily removed.

While I have shown a particular construction of apparatus illustrating my invention, it will be understood that I may make alterations, if desired, in the detailed construction of the same without in any way departing from the spirit of the invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. A bench-plane comprising a stock, a movable block mounted thereon and means for actuating the same, a shaft having a worm thereon swiveled in a recess in said block, a slide carried by said block and having rack-teeth on its rear face engaged by said worm, a bar pivoted to said slide, a lug projecting from the bar, a plane-iron engaged by said lug, and means for adjusting the angle of the plane-iron, as set forth.

2. A bench-plane comprising a stock, a movable block mounted thereon and means for actuating the same, a shaft having a worm thereon swiveled in a recess in said block, a slide carried by said block and having rack-teeth on its rear face engaged by said worm, a bar pivoted at its lower end in a recess in the outer face of said slide, a screw journaled in arms of the slide and passing through a threaded eye at the upper end of said bar, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ALONZO ST. JOHN.

Witnesses:
FRED. B. MORSE,
WILLIAM J. D’ARAM.

No. 766,473 – Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1904)

No. 766,473 – Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1904)

[paiddownloads id=”606″]766473

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE &
LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATlON OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 766,473, dated August 2, 1904.
Application filed January 7, 1904. Serial No. 188,049. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in planes.

The object of the invention is to provide a plane of a simple and reliable construction which may be employed in the usual manner or reversed, as in double-ended planes, and adjusted to vary the cutting depth of the plane-iron.

The invention consists in employing, in a plane-body having two throats or openings, one in the plane near the front end and the other near the opposite or rear end, a pivoted step or yoke midway between two inclined guideways, with which coacts an adjusting-screw, one portion of the screw coacting with a block slidable upon either one of the inclined guides to adjust the plane-iron.

Details of the improvement will be more plainly seen on an inspection of the accompanying single sheet of drawings, in which —

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane embodying the improvements of my invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the same, the front handle being, however, broken away and the operating parts shown in position with the plane-iron at the front opening or throat. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of a plane embodying my improvement with the parts reversed, showing the plane-iron adjusted through the rear throat or opening, Fig. 4 is a plan view of my improved plane, the parts being shown in the position of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the plane taken through the pivotal screw-step, the plane-iron and adjusting-screw being removed, showing the step hanging down in the position which it occupies when these parts are removed. Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the adjusting-block through which the adjusting-screw passes and which serves to extend or retract the plane-iron.

1 indicates the body of the plane.

2 is the throat toward the forward end of the plane through which the plane-iron is adapted to project, and 3 is the throat near the rear end of the plane-body.

4 is a plane-iron of suitable construction.

5 is the plane-iron cap for holding the plane-iron securely in place. In the form of my invention herein shown this plane-iron cap terminates at the upper end in a handle portion 6.

7 is a clamping-lever of suitable construction.

8 and 9 are screws which take into the posts 10 and 11, respectively, and for the purpose of coacting with the plane-iron cap for holding it in place.

12 and 13 are oppositely-inclined ways at the rear and front of the plane, respectively, which afford guides for the adjusting-block 14.

15 and 16 are projections from the block 14, adapted to coact with recesses in the rear of the plane-iron 4.

17 is a thumb-nut for operating the adjusting-screw. The threaded portion 18 of the screw coacts with the adjusting-block M.

19 is a step for the adjusting-screw in the form of a yoke which has a screw-threaded portion to correspond with the screw-threads 20 on the adjusting-screw. It will be noted that the pitch of the screw 20 is greater than the pitch of the screw 18. In this instance it is exactly twice, in order that when the thumb-nut 13 is turned in one direction or the other the adjusting-block 14 may move correspondingly as the resultant of the difference between the pitches of the screws.

21 and 22 are pivot-pins for the step 19, which pass through the lugs 23 and 24, which are preferably cast integral with the body of the plane on either side.

25 and Q6 are small grooves cut in the upper surface of the base of the plane to allow slight clearance for the lower end of the adjusting-screw when it is being operated and reversed. Ordinarily the plane is used with the parts in the position as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 4. When, however, it is desired to use the plane in a corner or some other position, the parts may be reversed, as shown in Fig. 3. To reverse the parts, the cap 5 and the iron 4 are removed after releasing the lever 7, when the adjusting-screw and adjusting block and step may be swung over to the position shown in Fig. 3, the parts pivoting on the axis of the pins 21 and 22. In this position the parts may be again assembled, as shown in Fig. 3, when the plane will operate as before.

The construction will be seen to be simple and not at all likely to become injured or disarranged accidentally, and yet the reversal or adjustment of the parts in either of their positions may be effected without difliculty.

What I claim is —

1. In a plane in combination a body portion, having two throats, a plane-iron, a pivoted step, an adjusting-block, an adjusting-screw coacting with said block and said step and oppositely-inclined guideways forming supports for said adjusting-block.

2. In a plane, a body portion having a plurality of throats, a plane-iron, acap, inclined guideways and cap-screws for said iron toward each of said throats, clamping means and reversible means for manually adjusting the cutting depth of said plane-iron through either of said throats.

3. In a plane, a body portion having two throats, a plane-iron, a cap, cap-screws and a clamp for supporting said iron in position at either throat, and reversible adjusting means coacting with said iron in either position for varying its cutting depth.

4. In a plane, a body having two throats, a plane-iron, a cap, cap-screws, a clamping-lever and a reversible adjusting-block and means for moving said block to adjust the plane-iron through either throat as may be desired.

Signed at New Britain, Connecticut, this 31st day of December, 1903.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
H. S. WALTER,
W. J. WORAM.

No. 758,698 – Plane (Albert F. Schade) (1904)

[paiddownloads id=”601″]758698

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ALBERT F. SCHADE, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO
STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY OF NEW BRITAIN CONNECTICUT,
A CORPORATION OF CONNECTIOUT.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 758,698, dated May 3, 1904.
Application filed January 16, 1902. Serial No. 89,958. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT F. SCHADE, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in the construction of planes.

The object of my invention is to provide a simple, inexpensive, and effective device for securing in place the means whereby the position of the cap of the plane is determined, as will be understood from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane with one side partly broken away to show a detail of construction. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of a portion of the plane, showing details of construction. Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3 3, Fig. 2. Figs. 4 and 5 are views of details of construction.

The plane which I have chosen to here describe is an iron plane, in which A is the bottom, and A’ is a side flange.

C is what is commonly termed the “frog,” which is secured by the screw B’ to the bottom between the side flanges and presents an inclined upper surface leading down to the slot in the bottom or base through which the plane-iron C projects. In this type of plane, C’ is the plane-iron cap, the two parts thus forming a plane-iron of double thickness. The iron C furnishes the cutting edge.

D is what is termed the “cap.” In the particular construction shown this cap is provided with a cam D’.

E is what may be termed a “cap-screw” or “holder.” The screw E is ordinarily in the form of a headed screw taking into a tapped hole in the frog B.

The holder E is seldom if ever adjusted after it has been secured in its proper position, and it is desirable to have it snugly retained in position, so that it will not work loose and thus disturb the adjustment of the cap and associated parts. Should the parts become loose, they would chatter and would not properly perform their intended functions. It is desirable not to have a permanent connection in order that in the event of an emergency a new holder or screw E may be inserted and also in order that, if desirable, the same may be adjusted. In case the cap should become broken or lost a new cap must be provided, and if it should happen that the new cap should vary slightly in dimensions from the original cap the holder would have to be adjusted. For that reason it will be seen that while adjustment of the cap-screw is not the common thing, it is, nevertheless, a desirable incident.

F is a lever or Y adjustment pivoted to the frog B, one end of which is adapted to engage with the plane-iron C, the other end being engaged by an adjusting-nut G, movable on a screw or post H, also carried by the frog. The plane-iron may be advanced or retracted relatively to the bottom of the plane by means of the adjusting-nut G, which operates the lever F, engaging with the pl ane-iron and regulating the depth of the cutting edge in the usual manner.

My invention does not relate generally to the construction of the plane and is therefore not limited to any special type of plane, but relates more particularly to an adjustable holding device for the said cap-screw and comprises a means adapted to frictionally bear against the said screw to prevent its turning. This means comprises a shoe I, carried in a hole or passage in the side of the frog B, which hole or passage at its outer end may be screw-threaded to carry an adjusting-screw J. Between the adjusting-screw J and the shoe I is a spring K. The construction and arrangement of the parts are best seen in Fig. 3, in which it will be seen the shoe bears directly against the side of the cap-screw E and with a pressure depending upon the adjustment of the screw J. In practice this has been found sufficient to properly hold the cap-screw in the desired position, and yet it does not so hold it that it cannot be adjusted. It provides a simple, inexpensive, and effective means for accomplishing the desired end, and in operation will not batter or otherwise injure the screw-threads of the cap-screw E. The frog is unseated when it is desired to adjust the screw J. When the cap-screw E is locked by the adjusting-screw J and the frog is seated in the body portion, it is impossible for the screw J to work out and be lost, since it is held in place by the flange A’, which substantially covers the end thereof.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

In a plane the combination of a body having side flanges and a removable frog secured thereto between said flanges, a cap-screw seated in said frog, an adjusting-screw operating in the side of the frog to clamp said cap-screw, the head of said adjusting-screw being held from extraction by one of the side flanges, substantially as described.

ALBERT F. SCHADE.

Witnesses:
A. W. STANLEY,
C. S. HODGE.

No. 749,827 – Bench-Plane (Eric O. Sjolander) (1904)

[paiddownloads id=”596″]749827

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ERIC O. SJOLANDER, OF DEEPWATER, TEXAS.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 749,827, dated January 19, 1904.
Application filed June 11, 1903. Serial No. 161,054. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ERIC O. SJOLANDER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Deepwater, in the county of Harris and State of Texas, have invented a new and useful Bench-Plane, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates generally to bench-planes, and more especially to means for adjusting the bit in the stock and means for securing the bit in adjusted position.

One object of the invention is to provide in a bench-plane an improved form of mechanism for adjusting the position of the bit in the stock, so that the depth of cut may be accurately adjusted and so that the edge of the bit may be brought into perfect parallelism with the face of the stock.

A further object of the invention is to provide in a bench-plane a bit bearing a scale and a bit-clamping plate bearing an indicator to cooperate with the scale on the bit to show when the bit and the clamping-plate have been brought into proper relation.

A further object of the invention is to provide in a bench-plane single means for adjusting the depth of the cut and for swinging the bit laterally on a suitable fulcrum to bring the cutting edge into parallelism with the stock.

In attaining the objects above stated and others which will hereinafter appear I make use of the construction and combination of parts of a bench-plane hereinafter described and claimed, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which corresponding parts are designated by the same characters of reference throughout, it being understood that changes in the form, proportions, and exact mode of assemblage of the elements may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a view in vertical longitudinal section through the plane. Fig. 2 is a view of the plane-stock and bit-support. Fig. 3 is a view in perspective of the bit-clamping plate, showing the recessed back. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the adjusting screw and block. Fig. 5 is a plan view of the bit and the bit-clamping plate, showing the clamping-plate adjusted in position by means of the scale on the bit.

Referring to the drawings in detail, 1 designates the plane-stock, which may be of wood or metal and of any of the ordinary forms. The stock is provided with the usual opening 2 for the passage of the bit, and on the upper surface of the stock, at the rear margin of the opening 2, is provided a supporting structure 3, the forward surface of which forms a continuation of the rear wall of the opening 2. The bit 4 consists, preferably, of a single plate of steel provided at its lower end with a cutting edge and having at 5 a slot with enlarged and rounded ends for the passage of the head of a screw 6, mounted in the lower end of the supporting structure. The width of the slot 5 between the rounded end portions is of such width as just to permit of the passage of the shank of the screw 6, which is designed to serve as a fulcrum, upon which the bit 4 may be swung laterally. The bit is provided near the butt with round openings 7, for purposes that will presently appear, and along one lateral margin of the bit is formed a scale 8, for use in connection with an indicator formed on the bit-clamping plate.

The supporting structure 3 is vertically slotted at 9 from the upper end almost to the base, and at the lower end of the slot 9, which tapers slightly toward the bottom, are provided a pair of oppositely-disposed ribs 10, which lie in a plane substantially at right angles with the front surface of the support. At either side of the slot 9 is an arm 11, on the forward surface of each of which is formed a shallow recess 12 to form a way for the movement laterally and transversely of the support of one of the wings 14 of a block: 13, which is carried on the screw 15, which is supported in the slot 9 in a manner presently to be explained.

The body portion of the block 13 is sufliciently narrow to be susceptible of considerable lateral movement in the slot 9, and the wings 14 are of such proportions that they will have a similar degree of lateral movement in the recesses 12. On the forward surface of the block 13, which lies substantially flush with the forward surface of the supporting structure 3, is provided a stud 16, which is adapted for engagement with either of the round openings 7 in the plane-bit. When the parts of the plane are assembled, the stud 16 will always be brought into engagement with one of the openings 7, and when the parts are so connected the movements of the block 13 will be communicated to the bit, and conseqently any shifting of the block 13 will change the position of the bit correspondingly.

The screw 15, upon which the block 13 is carried, is provided at its upper end with a head 17 of suitable form to facilitate the rotation of the screw, and at the lower end the screw has a reduced portion which is not threaded. At the extremity of the reduced portion a collar 18 is rigidly attached, and loose upon the reduced portion between the collar 18 and the threaded portion of the screw is a second collar 19. The opposite faces of both collars 18 and 19 are rounded, as best seen in Fig. 1, and when the collars are spread apart sufficient space is provided between them to permit the passage of the ribs 10, which are spaced apart sufficiently to allow the reduced portion of the screw to be introduced between them. The rounded faces of the collars 18 and 19 permit the screw 15 to be shifted laterally with the reduced portion between the ribs 10 as a pivotal point.

In order to clamp the bit 4 rigidly in proper relation to the stock 1, I provide a bit-clamping plate 20 of the form generally used, which is provided about midway of its length with a slot 21, having the lower end thereof enlarged and rounded to permit the passage of the head of the screw 6. At the upper end of the bit-clamping plate a cam-lever 22 is pivotally mounted in a slot 23 in the clamping-plate, and on the rear surface of the clamping-plate, which is preferably recessed, as shown in Fig. 3, there is provided near the upper end of the plate a tongue 24, of thin metal, which is rigidly attached at its lower end to the clamping-plate and has the upper end thereof, which is free, disposed under the cam on lever 22. The tongue 24 is provided to prevent the contact of the cam with the bit 4, as the contact of the cam with the bit would tend to throw the bit out of adjusted position.

On the side of the clamping-plate 20 which corresponds in position to the scale 8 on the bit there is formed a shoulder 26, which is adapted to serve as an indicator in connection with said scale and to show by the coincidence of the shoulder with one of the divisions of the scale when the clamping-plate has been brought into proper relation to the bit.

In assembling the parts of the plane for use the mode of procedure is as follows: The clamping-plate 20 and the bit 4 will first be brought into proper relation, as shown in Fig. 5, and the division of the scale with which the shoulder on the clamping-plate coincides will be noted. The bit will then be introduced into the opening in the stock, and the stud 16 on the block 13 will be brought into engagement with one of the openings 7 in the bit. If the bit is new and unworn, the lower opening will be employed, and if the bit is old and much worn the upper opening will be used. The bit having been operatively connected with the block 13, the screw 15 will be rotated by means of the head 17 on the end thereof until the edge of the plane-bit has been protruded beyond the face of the stock to the distance required for the proper depth of cut. Then the screw 15 will be swung laterally, if necessary, to bring the edge of the bit into perfect parallelism with the face of the stock. During the adjustment the operator will hold the plane in such position that the relation of the edge of the bit with the face of the stock may be accurately observed. When the bit has been properly adjusted, the clamping-plate 20 will be placed in position on the forward surface of the bit, with the screw 6 extending through the opening 21 in the plate. The clamping-plate will then be brought into exact position in relation to the bit by causing the shoulder 25 to coincide with the division of the scale 8, previously noted, and the cam-lever 22 will then be operated to secure the clamping-plate in adjusted position.

From the foregoing description of the construction and mode of adjustment of the plane it will be seen that the adjustment of the bit in relation to the plane-stock is effected independently of the adjustment of the clamping-plate and that the relative positions of the clamping-plate and bit to produce the desired result having been noted at the beginning of the operation of adjustment of parts of the plane the clamping-plate may be brought at once into proper relation to the bit and secured without deranging the adjustment of the bit in relation to the stock. It will also have been observed that by providing a scale on the bit and an indicator of a suitable form on the clamping-plate a degree of accuracy of adjustment of the clamping-plate and bit may be secured, which is impossible in planes not so constructed.

A special advantage inherent in the construction hereinbefore described is in the mode of supporting the screw 15 and the adjusting-block 13, by which it is made possible to effect the adjustment of the plane-bit as to depth of out and as to parallelism with the face of the stock by a single adjusting means.

Having thus described the construction and operation of my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. In a bench-plane, the combination of a bit bearing a scale located above the mouth of the plane, and a bit-clamping member having an indicator adapted to cooperate with said scale.

2. In a bench-plane, the combination of a bit bearing a scale above the mouth of the plane, and a clamping member having a shoulder adapted to form an indicator for cooperation with said scale.

3. In a bench-plane, the combination of a bit having a scale located along one lateral margin thereof above the mouth of the plane, and a clamping member having an indicator adapted to cooperate with said scale.

4. In a bench-plane, the combination of a bit, a support for the bit having a slot within its supporting range, a block supported in said slot and susceptible of movement longitudinally and laterally therein, said block being adapted for positive connection with the bit, and a pivoted member mounted within said slot along which said block is longitudinally movable.

5. In a bench-plane, the combination of a bit, a block adapted for positive connection with said bit, and a screw upon which said block is supported, said screw being pivotally mounted to swing laterally.

6. In a bench-plane, the combination of a bit, a bit-support having a longitudinally-arranged slot, oppositely-disposed ribs provided at one end of the slot, a screw arranged in said slot having collars near one end for loose engagement with said ribs and a block mounted on said screw and adapted for lateral and longitudinal movement in said slot and also adapted for positive connection with said bit.

7. In a bench-plane, the combination of a bit, a bit-support having a longitudinaly-disposed slot, oppositely-disposed ribs, at the lower end of said slot, a screw arranged in said slot and having at the lower end collars spaced apart and having the opposite faces rounded for engagement with said ribs, and a block mounted on said screw and adapted for positive connection with said bit.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

ERIC O. SJOLANDER.

Witnesses:
J. H. JOCHUM, Jr.,
J. ROSS COLHOUN.

No. 746,285 – Plane (John W. Carleton And George E. Trask) (1903)

[paiddownloads id=”593″]746285

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN W. CARLETON AND GEORGE E. TRASK, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT,
ASSIGNORS TO THE UNION MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 746,285, dated December 8, 1903.
Application filed August 1, 1903. Serial No. 167,897. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOHN W. CARLETON and GEORGE E. TRASK, citizens of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to improvements in planes; and the objects of our improvement are simplicity and economy in construction and convenience and efficiency in operation.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is side elevation of our plane. Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal section of the same, partly in elevation. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the same with the holding-cap, cap-iron, and cutting-bit removed. Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the middle portion of the iron frame of the stock. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of our plane when made with an iron stock without the wooden body. Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the same on the line x x of Fig. 5 when viewed in the direction of the dart in the said Fig. 5, the cutter being removed. Fig. 7 is a sectional side elevation of the middle portion of the stock and the adjusting-levers. Figs. 8 and 9 are plan and reverse plan views, respectively, of the cutting-bit with attached cap-iron and adjusting-nut, the same being adapted for use in both of the constructions herein shown. Fig. 10 is a plan view of the holding-cap and its screw.

A designates the wooden body, and B the iron frame, the said two parts together forming the stock of the plane. If desired, the wooden body A of the stock may be provided with a metal sole 5; but this is not essential. The frame B has an end plate 6 at its forward end provided with a hole for receiving the holding-screw 7 and also with a seat for the knob 8, the said seat being centrally perforated to receive the screw 9, that serves the double function of securing the said knob in place and of assisting to secure the said frame to the wooden body of the stock. At the rear end of the plate 6 there is a cross-rib 10, and extending rearwardly from the ends of the said cross-rib at opposite sides of the stock are the two side pieces 11 of the iron frame B, with the holding-lugs 12 on their confronting inner faces over the opening for the throat 13 of the stock. These side pieces 11 extend parallel to each other along the sides of the stock to a point in the rear of the middle of the length of the stock and then turn inwardly toward each other to the handle-seat 14 on the rear plate 15, near the end of which is the hole for the holding-screw 16. An ordinary handle 22 is secured to the handle-seat 14 by the rod 17, which is screw-threaded at its ends, one end being screwed into the threaded boss 18 on said handle-seat, while the other end is provided with the holding-nut 19.

The rear plate 15 extends forwardly to the side wings 20 of the frog, into which the said plate merges. An opening 21 is left in the rear plate between the said side wings 20 and rearwardly thereof. to near the handle 22. The side wings 20 of the frog are connected together near their upper ends by a bridge 23. The inclined front faces of the two side wings of the frog and the adjacent part of the rear plate form a seat for the cutting-bit in continuation of the inclined rear wall 24 of the throat of the stock. The side wings 20 of the frog are formed with a lug 25, Fig. 4, that extends below the base of the frame side pieces 11, and between these lugs we pivot a hub 26, having a short lever-arm 27 for engaging a slot in some device connected with the cutting-bit 28 or its cap-iron 29. The said hub is also provided with a longer lever-arm 33, that extends rearwardly from the hub for use as a handle in operating the said short lever-arm and cutting-bit for its endwise adjustment. Such levers of themselves, broadly speaking, are not of our invention. As shown, the short arm 27 of the lever engages a slot 36, Fig. 9, in the head of the screw 30, Fig. 2, which is held in the ordinary longitudinal slot of the cutting-bit 28 by means of the nut 31, the head of the said screw being shouldered by slabbing off on each side, as at 32, Fig. 2, so that the slabbed-off portion of the screw-head may enter the slot in the bit. On the upper face of the bridge 23 we pivot an ordinary laterally-adjusting lever 34. We secure the cutting-bit in place by means of a holding-cap C, the lower end of which is inserted under the confronting holding-lugs 12, after which the parts are tightened by turning in the holding-screw 35 at the upper end of the holding-cap C.

The stock Ba as shown in Figs. 5, 6, and 7, is wholly of iron and quite closely resembles the iron frame B, before described, only it is not adapted to have a wooden body secured thereto, and consequently its side pieces 11a are extended parallel to each other for nearly the whole length of the stock. These side pieces have on their inner faces the holding-lugs 12, before described. The side wings 20a of the frog are substantially the same as before described, only they are proportionally longer as the height of the inclined rear wall 24a of the throat 13 in the iron stock is less than in the wooden body of the stock first described. Like the side wings first described, a bridge 23 is provided to connect their upper ends. While there is an open space between the side wings 20a for pivoting the hub 26 of the lever 27 33, the pivot of the said lever comes higher up on the wings, and the lugs, which in the first-described construction project downwardly below the base of the wings, are omitted. The pivot-pin 37 for the hub 26 may for convenience of heading it pass through the side pieces 11a as well as the wings 20a The cutting-bit and connected parts and both of the adjusting-levers are the same as first described and have the same reference-numerals.

We claim as our invention —

1. In a plane, the frame of the stock having the side pieces 11, a frog between the said side pieces having the side wings with open space between, and the bridge 23 connecting the upper corners of the said side wings, which bridge forms a support for the laterally-adjusting lever.

2. In a plane, the stock having the side pieces, a frog between the said side pieces having the side wings with open space between, a bridge connecting the upper ends of the said side wings and forming a support for a laterally-adjusting lever, and an adjusting-lever consisting of a hub, short arm and longer operating-arm, the same being pivoted in the open space between the lower part of the said side wings and in front of the said bridge, with the body of said operating-arm working between the said wings while its handle end extends under the said bridge beyond the said wings at the rear thereof.

3. The herein-described plane, comprising the wooden body and iron frame of the stock, the said frame having the front and rear plates, connecting side pieces, and the frog between the said side pieces having the side wings with open space between and bridge at their upper corners forming a support for the laterally-adjusting lever.

4. The herein-described plane, comprising the wooden body and iron frame of the stock, the said frame having the front and rear plates with knob and handle seats, side pieces connecting the said plates and the frog between the said side pieces, the said frog having the side wings with open space between, the inclined front faces of the said side wings and the adjacent part of the said rear plate forming a direct seat for the cutting-bit, while the lower parts of the said side wings form a support for the longitudinaliy-adjusting lever.

5. The herein-described plane, comprising a wooden body and frame of the stock, the said frame having front and rear plates, connecting side pieces with the confronting holding-lugs on their inner faces, a frog between the said side pieces having the side wings with open space between, a bridge at the upper corners of the said wings forming a support for a laterally-adjusting lever, and lugs at the lower corners of the said wings for the longitudinally-adjusting lever.

6. In a plane, the stock having side pieces, a frog between the said side pieces composed mainly of a pair of inclined side wings with open space between, and aconnecting-bridge 23, at the upper ends of the said side wings that spans the said open space between them, the said side pieces forming a support for the longitudinally-adjusting lever and the said bridge forming a support for the laterally-adjusting lever, substantially as described.

7. In a plane, the stock having side pieces, a frog between the side pieces having the side wings with open space between, a longitudinally-adjusting lever with its long and short arms pivoted between the said side wings with the upper end of the said long arm projecting rearwardly from the space between the said side wings, a bridge connecting the upper ends of the said side wings, and a laterally-adjusting lever pivoted on the said bridge.

JOHN W. CARLETON.
GEORGE E. TRASK.

Witnesses:
JAMES SHEPARD,
SHEFFIELD H. CLARKE.

No. 739,014 – Bench-Plane (Clinton E. Lincoln) (1903)

[paiddownloads id=”590″]739014

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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CLINTON E. LINCOLN, OF KINSTON, NORTH CAROLINA.

BENCH-PLANE.

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SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 739,014, dated September 15, 1903.
Application filed December 17, 1902. Serial No. 135,538. (No model.)

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CLINTON E. LINCOLN, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Kinston, in the county of Lenoir and State of North Carolina, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in bench-planes, and has for its object a plane which upon its return or idle stroke will automatically lift the cutting-blade sufficiently above the under face of the plane so that the cutting-blade will not scrape along the wood being planed, which, as is well known, dulls the edge of the cutting-blade.

A further object of the in vention is the provision of means whereby the cutting-blade and its supporting mediums may be held in raised position for the purpose of fixedly securing the cutting edge of the blade sufficiently above the under face of the plane in order that the latter may be stored away either in a chest or in a tool-cabinet, thereby preventing any damage being done to the cutting edge of the blade should the plane be in contact with any objects.

Briefly described, the invention may be said to broadly consist of a supporting medium for the cutting-blade, which supporting medium at its one end is suitably pivoted to the plane-stock and at its other end supports the cutting-blade, a handle being arranged on the supporting medium and a spring being interposed between the under side of the supporting medium and the plane-bottom, this spring normally retaining the supporting medium in an elevated position, but possessing sufficient resiliency to enable it to be readily depressed, whereby the cutting edge of the blade may be projected sufficiently within the plane-mouth to enable a shaving to be taken off the object planed when sufficient force or pressure is applied to the handle in order to propel the plane during its cutting-stroke.

With the above and other objects in view my invention further consists in the novel details of construction and combination of parts to be described in the following specification and then set forth in the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this application, wherein like numerals of reference indicate similar parts throughout the several views, Figure 1 is a top plan view of my improvement, showing the handle removed as well as the intermediate mechanism carrying the cutting-blade; and Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the plane embodying my improvements.

The stock of the plane is designated at 1, the bottom of the plane being provided with the usual mouth at 2. At the rear end of the plane and along the sides thereof at opposite points are provided inwardly-extending projections 3, suitably bored and countersunk on their outer sides. Between these projections is received a knuckle 4, which is also suitably bored to register with the bored portions of the projections 3. These registering perforated portions are suitably threaded to receive machine-screws 5, which secure the knuckle with respect to the projections 3 and permit the former to have a free oscillatory movement. This knuckle 4 is the termination of a base-piece 6, which extends transverse to the knuckle and which is materially reduced in width between the knuckle and its forward end 7, the latter being of sufficient width to be readily guided by the sides of the plane-stock. The handle 8 is secured to the rear portion of the base-piece in any approved fashion. This handle and its securing mechanism may be of any of the well-known and common forms in the art.

In order to provide suitable support for the cutting-blade, I secure to the forward end of the base-piece a bracket 8, which consists of a horizontal portion 9, suitably drilled to receive machine-screws 10, which latter pass through drilled and threaded registering portions on the base-piece 6 and which are shown by 11 in Fig. 1. This bracket also embraces a vertical member 12, which at its upper end carries an angularly-disposed integral extension 13 for a purpose shortly to be referred to. The horizontal portion 9 also carries an angular piece 14, whose lower end is adapted to contact with the upper face of the plane-bottom, and thereby limit the downward movement of the base-piece when pressure is applied thereto through the medium of the handle when a forward or cutting stroke of the plane is being carried out. This portion 14 is suitably drilled and threaded and receives in its threaded portion a screw 15, the function of which is well known in the art.

The cutting blade is designated by the numeral 16 and is not of uncommon form, being provided with the usual elongated aperture 17, which is adapted to readily receive the screw 15.

The cap-plate is shown at 18 and is secured to the cutting-blade by means of the screws 19, the cutting-blade having a pivot-point 20, which extends into and is suitably secured to the lever 21, the latter having a screw 22 secured thereto and to the angular extension 13, which permits the lever 21 to rotate about said screw 22 as a point of pivot and through the medium of the pin 20 permits of any necessary lateral adjustment of the cutting-blade.

The clamping-plate is shown at 23 and carries the usual spring-pressed clamping-lever 24, a slot 25 being provided of a slightly elongated nature to readily receive the screw 15.

Under normal conditions, as heretofore stated, the base-piece of the cutting-blade, with its intermediate supporting mechanism, is normally retained in such position as will withhold the edge of the cutting-blade sufficiently above the mouth of the plane for the purpose described, to attain which I provide a flat spring 26, which is suitably secured, as at 27, to the upper side of the plane-bottom and which at its forward end is bowed or arched upwardly, as at 28, and is received within a suitable dug-out portion 29 on the under side of the base-piece 6. This spring is of sufficient strength to readily raise the cutting mechanism from out of the mouth of the plane when pressure is released from the handle.

At the rear end of the plane-body is pivotally mounted, through the medium of a rivet or screw 30, a retaining-lever 31, whose forward end is turned at right angles, as at 32, and is of sufficient thickness to readily enter between the under side of the base-piece and the upper side of the bottom in order that it may thereby support the base-piece and prevent the same from moving in a downward plane should pressure be applied upon the handle or should any object be placed upon the handle or cutting mechanism. This end of the lever will prevent the mechanism from being actuated so as to expose its edge to prevent damage being done to the latter. At its rear end this lever is kicked upwardly, as at 33, and is flattened to provide a thumb-piece 34. A suitable fin 35 is formed integral with the plane-stock and is so positioned as to protect lever 31.

In order to prevent undue upward movement of the cutting-blade and its support, I form integral with the inner sides of the plane-stock lugs 2’, which extend inwardly and are so located as to engage the forward end of the base-piece 6, these lugs being indicated in dotted lines, Fig. 2.

It will be seen that by the use of my improvements during each return or idle stroke of the plane the cutting-bit is automatically raised, so that the latter will not scrape upon the wood or the object being planed, which, as is notoriously old in the art, causes a cutting edge to become rapidly dulled, necessitating frequent whettings, which is obviated entirely by the use of my improvements. Further, I desire to call attention to the fact that by the use of a support for the cutting mechanism of the plane, which upon each stroke of the plane moves in a vertical rotary plane, precludes to a certain extent any clogging of the plane-mouth, which, as is well known, is a frequent occurrence attending the use of any plane, since upon the return or idle stroke of the plane, pressure being released upon the cutting mechanism, the latter will move upwardly and bring the cutting edge out of the mouth of the plane and permit shavings or the like which might have clogged in the mouth of the plane to readily free themselves.

In order to carry into practice the objects of my invention, I have found it necessary to employ certain details of construction which may be readily departed from without affecting the spirit and scope of the invention.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. A plane embodying cutting mechanism and support therefor the said support being pivoted at its one end and carrying the plane-handle, and means interposed between the support and the plane-bottom for holding the support normally elevated.

2. A plane embodying cutting mechanism and support therefor the support carrying the plane-handle at its rear end, and being pivoted at said end, and means adjacent the free end of the support for holding the support normally elevated.

3. A plane embodying a support pivoted at its rear end to the plane-body, and carrying the plane-handle at said end thereof, cutting mechanism on the free end of the support, a means for normally retaining said support in an elevated position, and means pivoted to the plane adapted to engage between the support and plane-bottom for preventing downward movement of the support.

4. A plane embodying cutting mechanism, a support therefor pivoted to the plane, and supporting the cutting mechanism at its forward end, a handle on the rear end of the support, and a spring interposed between the support and the plane-bottom.

5. A plane embodying a base-piece or support, pivoted to the plane and carrying a handle at its rear end, and means for supporting the cutting-blade at its forward end, and means interposed between said base-piece or support and the plane-bottom for normally retaining the base-piece or support in an elevated position.

6. A plane embodying cutting mechanism and a support therefor movable in relation to the plane, and means pivoted to the plane-body adapted to be engaged between the said support and the bottom of the plane to retain the support in an immovable elevated position.

7. A plane embodying cutting mechanism and a support therefor pivoted to the plane, a spring interposed between the said support and the plane-bottom, and a lever pivoted to the plane-body for securing said support against downward movement.

8. A plane embodying a support pivoted at its rear end to the plane-body, and carrying the plane-handle thereon, cutting mechanism on the free end of the support, projections on the plane to engage and limit the upward movement of the support, and means for normally retaining the support in an elevated position.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

CLINTON E. LINCOLN.

Witnesses:
PLATO COLLINS,
INEZ WORTEN.