Tag: Plane Soles

No. 1,192,849 – Bench Plane (John F. Bridges) (1916)

[paiddownloads id=”713″]1192849

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN F. BRIDGES, OF ALAMEDA, CALIFORNIA.

BENCH-PLANE.

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1,192,849. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Aug. 1, 1916.
Application filed June 15, 1914. Serial No. 845,206.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN F. BRIDGES, citizen of the United States, residing at Alameda, in the county of Alameda and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in bench planes; and as its primary object contemplates a sectional plane wherein means is provided for vertically adjusting one of the said sections relatively to the blade to in this manner vary the depth of the cut and simultaneously enlarging or diminishing the chip throat.

A further object of the invention is to provide improved and simplified means for adjusting the blade relatively to the operating surface of the plane stock.

The above and additional objects are accomplished by such means as are illustrated in their preferred embodiment in the accompanying drawings, described in the following specification and then more particularly pointed out in the claims which are appended hereto and form a part of this application.

In describing my invention in detail reference will be had to the accompanying drawings wherein like characters denote like or corresponding parts throughout the several views, and in which :–

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a bench plane constructed in accordance with the present invention; Fig. 2 is a top plan view, partly broken away; Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the plane as shown in Fig. 2; and Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view, the back face of the blades and bed plates being shown in elevation.

Referring now to the drawings by numerals, 1 and 2 designate respectively the plane sections, the said sections forming the stock or body of the tool. A partition 3 is formed integrally with plane section 2 at its forward end, the partition having formed integrally therewith a screw block 4. Angular extensions 5 are formed integrally with the plane section 2, the said extensions 5 being formed, one at each side of the said sections, and disposed to extend inwardly as shown to advantage in Fig. 2 whereby to form vertical grooves or guide ways 6 within which angular extensions 7 integral with a partition 8 of plane section 1 is fitted, this arrangement holding the said two sections together; preventing lateral and longitudinal movement of the said two sections; yet permitting, as will hereinafter appear, vertical adjustment of plane section 1 relatively to the said section 2 for the purpose of varying the depth of the cut made by the tool.

Partition 8 is enlarged at its base as indicated at 9, the enlargement having formed therein a threaded recess 10, said recess receiving the threaded shank 11 of an operating screw designated 12, said screw having a single spirally coiled thread adapted for engagement with the groove therefor in screw block 4. An opening 14 is formed in said partition 8, said opening providing an operating space for the said screw 12.

A suitable bed plate 15 is carried by plane section 2, the said plates being disposed at an angle of approximately 45° and formed integrally with a web-like support 16 attached as indicated at 17 to lugs 18 integral with the base of section 2.

The blade 19, of the plane, is longitudinally slotted in a manner common to the art and is held in place against bed plate 15 and against an enlargement 20 of the plane base through the medium of an attaching plate 21, said plate having associated therewith a cam lever 22 pivoted as at 23 to the plate 21, the head 24 of the cam lever being adapted for frictional engagement with the top or forward face of the blade 19 to serve as a means whereby the said blade is held immovable relatively to the bed plate 15 and the fastening plate 21 in firm frictional engagement with a retaining screw 25 operating within a slot 26 of the plate 21 and extending through blade 19, said plate 15, and into an enlargement 26′ of the web-like support 16 above mentioned. The cutting edge of the blade 19 extends beneath the operating surface of the plane through an opening or transverse slot 27 formed at the forward end of plane section 2 and at the base of partition 3 thereof.

When it is desired that the depth of cut be varied to a small degree, operating screw 12 is partially rotated through manipulation of handle 28 forming a part thereof, causing plane section 1 to move vertically relatively to plane section 2, thus exposing a greater portion of the blade 19 to view. Should such adjustment prove insuflicient, and greater adjustment be desired, cam lever 22 is raised to remove attaching plate 21 out of frictional engagement with retaining screw 25 and blade 19 out of frictional engagement with bed plate 15, in which event, blade 19 is adjusted vertically as desired. When adjusted, cam lever 22 is again forced into the position shown in Fig. 3, retaining screw 25 having been previously adjusted, such forced movement of the said lever causing the attaching plate 21 to again frictionally engage the retaining screw and the blade 19 to remain immovable relatively to the said plate 15 of the plane.

A knob 29 and a handle 30 are made fast to the respective sections 1 and 2 of the plane in a manner common to the art.

From the foregoing, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings it is apparent that minute or finger adjustment is made possible by the provision of the operating screw 12; that unlimited adjustment is made possible by the cam lever 22; and that by the provision of the extensions 5 and 7, arranged as shown to advantage in Fig. 2, the sections of the plane are held against longitudinal and lateral movement independently of each other, yet, when it is desired that one of the sections be adjusted relatively to the other, such vertical adjustment is permitted.

In reduction to practice, I have found that the form of my invention, illustrated in the dravvings and referred to in the above description, as the preferred embodiment, is the most efficient and practical; yet realizing that the conditions concurrent with the adoption of my device will necessarily vary, I desire to emphasize the fact that various minor changes in details of construction, proportion and arrangement of parts may be resorted to, when required, Without sacrificing any of the advantages of my invention, as defined in the appended claims.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is :–

In a bench plane; a stock section having a front wall extending at a substantially right angle to the planing surface thereof, and a frog mounted in spaced relation to said wall supporting the planing knife; in combination with a second stock section having a wall extending upwardly at right angles to the planing face thereof, and in spaced relation to the rear edge, means carried by said walls whereby said sections may be held in interlocking engagement, said second section providing a throat above the planing edge of said knife, and means to adjust said sections relatively, whereby the throat will be enlarged or constricted consistent with the variations of the depths of cut of the planing knife.

ln testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN F. BRIDGES.

Witnesses:
M. C. GORHAM,
A. W. BURGRON.

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Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
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No. 1,112,399 – Bench Plane (Harvey M. Wood) (1914)

[paiddownloads id=”700″]1112399

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

HARVEY M. WOOD, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

BENCH-PLANE.

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1,112,399. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Sept. 29, 1914.
Original application filed November 8, 1907. Serial No. 401,341. Divided and this application filed October
14, 1912. Serial No. 725,577.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARVEY M. WOOD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented a new and useful Bench-Plane, of which the following is a specification.

The object of this invention is to protect the cutting edge of the blade during the backward stroke of the plane and while standing idle on its sole, this result being attained by use of a heel-piece yieldingly projecting through and beyond the sole and serving to normally uphold the same above the table top.

This application is a division of my co-pending application for patent on bench plane, Serial No. 401,341, filed Nov. 8, 1907.

The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention.

Figure 1 is a side elevation partly in mid-section, showing the details of the heel-piece and the symmetrical mechanism for operating the same. Fig. 2 is a similar view showing a modification of the mechanism for operating the heel-piece. Fig. 3 is a reduced plan of the bottom of either of the planes shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

Numeral 1 refers to the shoe of an ordinary plane having a blade 2, hollow handle 3, sole 4, and yieldingly extended retractible heel-piece 5, the latter projecting normally through aperture 6 and extending substantially across the sole. A spring 8, fixed to the shoe and engaging notch 9 in the heel-piece normally projects the heel-piece through the sole so that when the plane rests loosely upon the work or on the bench top 7, or is being drawn backward over the same, the heel and the cutting edge will be raised off the work as shown in the drawings, thus saving the cutting edge from all unnecessary contact and preserving its keenness. On the forward or planing stroke, however, it is essential that the cutting edge come onto the work immediately and manually operated means are provided whereby the forward pressure of the workman’s hand in the operation of planing, will automatically retract the heel-piece. With this object in view, there is provided a rear handle section or palm piece 10, suitably connected with the heel-piece to retract it into the shoe and permit the sole and cutting edge to come down onto the work. The heel-piece 5 may be unitarily constructed with, or may be attached by screws 13 to a carrier block 14 having uprights 15 and vertically movable in the shoe; the uprights being provided with vertical slots 17 running on a pintle 18 rigidly mounted in the handle and thus assisting in guiding the carrier and heel-piece.

In the form shown in Fig. 1, linkage is provided for retracting the heel-piece. The link 22 is pivotally mounted at one end on the palm piece 10 and is pivotally connected at the other end by pin 23 to a bell-crank 24 that is pivotally supported on the handle by means of the pivot 25, and that is provided at its operating end with a forked arm 26, the prongs of which cooperate with pin 27 to retract the heel-piece and carrier. By this means the heel-piece will be automatically retracted in an obvious manner by the forward pressure of the workman’s hand on the palm piece during the cutting stroke.

In the form shown in Fig. 2, the palm piece 10 carries a downwardly and forwardly inclined cam member 12, adjacent which the uprights are provided with a revolubly mounted cam follower 16 adapted to cooperate with the cam member 12 to raise the carrier block and heel-piece when the palm piece 10 is pressed forward. A latch comprising a finger piece 19 and stop 20 is provided to engage a notch 21 of the heel-piece to hold the heel-piece retracted with its face flush with the sole. When the heel-piece is latched, the plane operates like an ordinary plane during both the forward and return strokes.

I claim :–

1. In a plane the combination of a shoe, a blade, a handle behind said blade, said handle being rigidly mounted on said shoe, and said handle having a rear member movably mounted, a heel-piece arranged to normally project beyond the shoe, and means connecting the said rear member of the handle with the heel-piece and adapted to retract the said heel-piece when the rear section of the handle is moved.

2. In a plane the combination of a shoe, a blade, a spring operated heel-piece arranged to normally project beyond the shoe, a handle behind said blade, said handle being rigidly mounted on said shoe, and said handle having a movably mounted rear section, means connecting the said rear section of the handle with the heel-piece and adapted to retract the said heel-piece when the rear section of the handle is moved, and means for holding said heel-piece in its retracted position.

3. In a plane, the combination of a shoe, a blade, a hollow handle having a rear section pivotally mounted, a spring-operated heel-piece adapted to normally project beyond the shoe and mechanism in the hollow of the handle connecting the rear section of the handle with the heel-piece and adapted to retract the heelfpiece when the rear sec-
tion of the handle is moved.

4. In a plane the combination of a shoe, a blade, a hollow handle having a rear section pivotally mounted, a spring operated heel-piece adapted to normally project beyond the shoe, and link mechanism supported in the hollow of the handle and connecting the rear section of the handle with the heel-piece and adapted to retract the heel-piece when the rear section of the handle is moved.

5. In a plane the combination of a shoe, a blade, a hollow handle having a rear section pivotally mounted, a carrier riding in the hollow of the handle, a heel-piece mounted on the carrier and adapted to normally project through and beyond the shoe, and means in the hollow of the handle connecting the rear section of the handle with the carrier and adapted to retract the carrier and heel-piece by motion of the rear section of the handle.

6. In a plane the combination of a shoe, having a sole, a blade, a hollow handle having a rear section pivotally mounted, a heel-piece adapted to normally project beyond the sole, a bell-crank mounted within the handle and having a forked arm, a link connecting one arm of the bell-crank with the rear section of the handle, and a pin mounted on the heel-piece and cooperating with the forked arm of the bell-crank to be raised by the same.

7. In a plane, the combination with a shoe, a blade and a handle behind said blade, of a spring-operated heel-piece carried by said handle and arranged to lift the heel of the plane, and manually operated means for retracting said heel-piece.

8. In a plane, the combination with a shoe, a blade and a handle behind said blade, of a spring-operated heel-piece carried by said handle and arranged to lift the heel of the plane, means for retracting said heel-piece, and means for holding said heel-piece in its retracted position.

9. A plane comprising a sole, a handle fixed to said sole and provided with a movable palm-piece, and a heel piece operatably connected to the palm-piece and normally below the plane of the sole and adapted to be raised by movement of said palm-piece.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Los Angeles, California, this 28th day of September 1912.

HARVEY M. WOOD.

In presence of —
JAMES R. TOWNSEND,
ROBERT A. STEPS.

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Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
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No. 869,016 – Extension-Plane (John V. Petrusich) (1907)

[paiddownloads id=”649″]869016

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN V. PETRUSICH, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

EXTENSION-PLANE.

_________________

869,016. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Oct. 22, 1907.
Application filed June 17, 1907. Serial No. 379,311.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN V. PETRUSICH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Extension-Plane, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in planes.

It is well known that carpenters and others using this class of tool find occasion to use several sizes of the same and the object of this invention is to provide what may be termed an extension plane or a plane in which the several essential sizes of the tool are combined in one.

With this and other objects in view the invention consists in the construction and combination of parts to be hereinafter described, pointed out and claimed in the following specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:–

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the device complete. Fig. 2 is a detail of a slotted bar and pin therefor used for locking the extension members. Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing in dotted lines the position of the extension members when the plane is closed. Fig. 4 is an end of the device partly in section and taken on line d–d Fig. 9. Fig. 5 is a view in section of Fig. 4 taken on line a–a. Fig. 6 is a detail perspective of the rack employed in the extension portion of the device. Fig. 7 is a plan view of the plane closed. Fig. 8 is a front view of Fig. 7, partly in section, and taken on the line b–b. Fig. 9 is a section taken on line c–c of Fig. 7.

Like reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views.

The reference numeral 2 represents a plane of ordinary or preferred construction having longitudinal sockets 2a opening in either extremity of the side walls 2b of the plane and running horizontally and parallel with each other as shown in Fig. 3.

The numeral 3 represents extension rods adapted to fit slidably into the sockets 2a and having graduations 4 on their lateral surfaces for measuring off the work. Roller-carriers 7 are provided at the external extremities of the extension rods as shown in section in Fig. 4 and as shown complete in Fig. 1, in which are pivoted the rollers 8 for the purpose of carrying the plane smoothly over the work. A brace 6 connects either pair of roller-carriers as shown in Fig. 7 for the purpose of holding the extension rods rigidly parallel.

Either roller-carrier arranged on either left-hand extension rod is recessed on the surface adjacent the roller so that it may carry a rack 10 provided with a slot 11 which engages the pivot of the roller 8. Each left-hand roller-carrier is fiuther provided with a worm 9 which engages the rack 10 for the purpose of raising and lowering the same as shown in detail in Figs. 4 and 5. When the rack 10 is dropped below the lelt-hand edge of the work it serves as a lateral drop guide to keep the plane flush with that edge of the work as shown in Fig. 1.

12 represents a knob of the plane provided with a screw 13 running the entire length of the same and protruding beyond the lower extremity thereof.

14 represents the upper section of a clamp slidably arranged on the extension rods and provided with a threaded aperture to receive the screw 13 protruding from the knob 12 which is seated on said portion of the clamp.

14a is the lower section of the clamp arranged on the extension rods in a manner similar to the upper portion and provided with a threaded aperture to receive the screw 13 that extends through the upper portion of the clamp. By turning the knob 12 to the right the sections of the clamp 14 and 14a are drawn together and are caused to grip the extension rods firmly thus affording rigid handles to the plane.

15–15 represents a pair of slotted bars arranged on the side walls of the plane by means of the screws 16 movable with said bars. The screws 16 extend vertically through the side walls of the plane to the sockets 2a and when the slotted bars are turned at right angles with the side walls of the plane the screws 16 engage the extension rods resting within the said sockets and hold them firmly.

17 represents a horizontal connecting link pivoted at 18 and engaging the slotted bars 15 in the manner shown in Fig. 7. By turning this horizontal link until it lies in a straight angle with the two slotted bars it will cause the screws 16 to engage the extension rods as above described. Thus it will be seen, the extension rods can be partly withdrawn from their sockets and locked in that position.

Either end of the plane is provided with similar extension apparatus and hence a description of that on one end is a description of the apparatus on the other.

Having fully described my invention, what I wish to claim and secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. In a plane, extension means journaled in the side walls thereof, a sliding clamp mounted on said extension means, a knob seated on said sliding clamp and supporting means terminally carried by said extension means substantially as described.

2. In a plane, extension means journaled in the side walls thereof, an extension stop carried on the side walls thereof, a sliding clamp mounted on said extension means, a knob seated on said sliding clamp, roller-carriers terminally arranged on said extension means, a roller pivoted within said roller-carriers and a lateral drop guide carried by said roller-carrier substantially as described.

3. In Combination with a plane having longitudinal sockets in the side walls thereof, sliding extension rods arranged therein, a. sliding screw-actuated clamp arranged on said extension rods, a knob seated on said clamp by which the same may be anchored or released, roller-carriers terminally carried by said extension rods, a roller pivotally carried by said roller carriers, a brace 6 connecting said roller-carriers and a worm and rack carried by said roller-carriers substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto affixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

JOHN V. PETRUSICH.

Witnesses:
ROSE GREENBERG,
FREDERICK RINDLER.

No. 820,215 – Plane (John D. Leffel) (1906)

[paiddownloads id=”631″]820215

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN D. LEFFEL, OF JOHNSTOWN, PENNSYLVANIA.

PLANE.

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820,215. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented May 8, 1906.
Application filed September 17, 1904. Serial No. 224,842.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN D. LEFFEL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Johnstown, in the county of Cambria and State of Pennsylvania, have invented new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to planes designed especially for cutting out the back of molding to be used in constructing window and door casings, and has for its objects to produce a simple inexpensive device of this character in which the plane in making the first or initial cut in the back of the molding will be accurately guided longitudinally of the latter, to thereby prevent destroying the bearing edge of the molding.

To these ends the invention comprises the novel features of construction and combination of parts more fully hereinafter described.

ln the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane embodying the invention. Fig. 2 is a front view of the same, partly in section, illustrating the device in operation, the section being taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail section of the guiding member, showing the same in active position. Fig. 4 is a similar view showing the member in normal inactive position.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates the body of the plane, having its lower bearing face or sole slightly curved transversely and provided with uprising side walls or flanges 2, upon one of which is fixed a tubular barrel or sleeve 3, adapted to receive a vertically-movable member or plunger 4, carrying at its lower end a guide plate or head 5, the inner vertical face of which travels smoothly over the outer face of the adjacent side flange 2. The plunger-rod or member 4, which is provided at its upper end with a head 6, is adapted to be pressed downward for maintaining the guide member 5 in active position by means of a spring 7, arranged within the barrel 3 and coiled upon the rod 4 between fixed collars or abutments 3′ 4′ , provided on the barrel and rod, respectively, and forming terminal bearings for the spring, whereby the latter in expanding will move the guide-head into action. The rod 4 further has a laterally-projecting stud or stop 8, adapted normally to engage the upper edge of the barrel 3 for maintaining the guide in normal elevated position, the stud being designed to travel in a vertical opening or slot 9, formed through the wall of the barrel when it is desired to depress the plunger for moving the guide to active position.

The plane is provided with the usual handle 10 and with a cutting-blade 11, the lower active edge of which is convexedly curved transversely, as shown in Fig. 2, whereby the plane in operation will form in the rear face of the molding shallow troughs or channels 12 for the usual purpose of reducing the contacting surface of the molding when employed in the construction of window and door frames.

In practice when the plane is initially brought into operation the plunger 4 is rotated until the pin 8 comes into register with slot 9, whereupon the spring 7 will act for automatically moving the plunger downward and projecting the guide member 5 below the plane of the lower face of the tool, as illustrated in Fig. 2, whereby during travel of the plane longitudinal of the molding the member 5 will bear upon the outer marginal edge of the latter, and thereby guide the plane in its movements and at the same time prevent the plane slipping and destroying the narrow bearing-face formed adjacent to the longitudinal edge of the molding. After formation of the first channel 12 adjacent the edge of the molding the plunger may, by grasping the head 6, be raised to bring the guard 5 to normal position, with its lower edge flush with that of the plane, and may be fixed in this position by a slight rotation of the plunger for moving the pin out of register with slot 9, as heretofore explained.

From the foregoing it is apparent that I produce a simple device admirably adapted for the attainment of the ends in view, it being understood that minor changes in the details herein set forth may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is —

1. The combination with a plane, of a tubular sleeve carried thereb and slotted longitudinally, a longitudinally-movable plunger mounted in the sleeve, a guide member carried by the plunger, a stud provided on the latter and adapted to engage the end edge of the sleeve for maintaining the plunger in normal retracted position, and a spring acting upon and to project the plunger for moving the guide member to active position, the stud being adapted during such movement of the plunger to travel in the slot.

2. The combination with a plane, of a guide member operatively connected therewith and adapted to normally lie in a plane above and to be projected below the sole of the plane for and to bear upon the side of a body for guiding the plane in its movements thereover, means for moving the guide member to active position, and means for locking the member in inactive position.

3. The combination with a plane, of a guide member operatively connected therewith and adapted to be projected below the sole of the plane in position to bear upon the side of the body for guiding the plane in its movement thereover, a spring for automatically moving the member to active projected position, and means for locking the member in normal, inactive position in a plane above the sole of the plane.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN D. LEFFEL.

Witnesses:
J. S. WILMOT,
HERMAN OTT.

No. 818,472 – Plane (Henry B. Sargent) (1906)

[paiddownloads id=”630″]818472

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

HENRY B. SARGENT, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO SARGENT & COMPANY,
OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

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818,472. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented April 24, 1906.
Application filed August 15, 1904. Serial No. 220,834.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY B. SARGENT, of the city and county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, which form a part thereof, and in which —

Figure 1 represents a side elevation of a plane embodying the invention; Fig. 2, a bottom view of the same; Fig. 3, an enlarged plan view; Figs. 4 and 5, longitudinal sectional views on line 4 4 of Fig. 3, the parts being shown in different positions , Figs. 6 and 7, top and side detail views, respectively, of the adjustable mouthpiece ; Fig. 8, a bottom detail view of the adjusting-cam, and Fig. 9 a transverse vertical section of the plane-bottom on line 9 9 of Fig. 3.

In all figures similar letters of reference represent like parts.

This invention relates to planes, and has for its object the production of a plane having a novel, simple, and efficient throat adjustment; and to this end it consists in the improvements and combinations of parts set forth and claimed hereinafter.

Referring to the drawings for a more particular description, the part designated by the letter A represents the plane-bottom, and B the side walls. C designates the throat, and D the frog or plane-iron seat. E designates the bit or plane-iron, and F the cap, with the cap-screw G. H is the cam-lever, I the lateral adjustment-lever, and K the adjusting-screw controlling the longitudinal adjusting-lever L. These parts may be of any suitable construction and are not part of my improvement.

As shown in Figs. 2, 4, and 5, the bottom of the plane is cut away in front of the throat for the reception of a slide or mouthpiece M. A circular perforation N is provided in the forward part of the plane-bottom with an inwardly-projecting flange O, Fig. 9. A disk P is adapted to fit in said perforation and rest on said flange and has on its under side a cam or circular depending protuberance Q, eccentric to the center of the disk. A finger-piece R projects from the periphery of the disk P, and through the center of the disk is a perforation S.

On the upper side of the slide or mouth-piece M are lugs T, distant from each other the length of the diameter of the cam Q, Figs. 4 and 5, while between them is an upwardly-projecting screw V, adapted to extend through the perforation S in the disk P for the reception of a clamping-nut W, which also forms the forward, knob of the plane. The perforation S in the disk P is considerably wider than the diameter of the screw V, so that the disk may have a limited movement about the screw without contact therewith.

The operation of the device is as follows: When it is desired to change the adjustment of the throat from the position shown in Figs. 2, 3, and 4, the clamping-nut W is slightly turned to loosen the disk P and slide M, and the disk P is turned the necessary distance by means of the finger-piece R. The cam then bears against the rear lug T on the slide M and pushes the slide rearward, as shown in Fig. 5. The slide M then contracts the throat C the desired amount, and the parts are secured by screwing the clampin-nut W down on the screw V, so that the sIide will be held against the under side of the forward end of the bottom A of the plane and the disk forced down on the flange O in the perforation N. To open the throat, it is only necessary to unscrew the nut W and loosen the parts to operate them in the reverse direction.

It will be seen that the cam depending from the disk engages the mouthpiece in an immediately adjacent plane, so that the operation is direct, and the coacting parts will be protected by the disk from dust, chips, or the like.

Having now described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. In a plane, the combination with a stock, of a throat in the bottom thereof, a sliding mouthpiece for varying the size of said throat, a disk fitted in a circular seat to rotate on said stock and having a depending cam between said stock and said mouthpiece adapted to engage said mouthpiece to operate the same, and protected by said disk, and means for locking said mouthpiece.

2. In a plane, the combination with a stock, of a throat in the bottom thereof, a sliding mouthpiece for varying the size of said throat, a disk fitted in a circular seat to rotate on said stock and having a depending cam between said stock and said mouthpiece adapted to engage projections on said mouth-piece in an immediately adjacent plane to operate the same, and protected by said disk, and means for locking said mouthpiece.

3. In a plane, the combination with a stock, of a throat in the bottom thereof, a sliding mouthpiece for varying the size of said throat, a disk fitted in a circular seat to rotate on said stock and having a perforation and a depending cam between said stock and said mouthpiece adapted to engage integral projections on said mouthpiece in an immediately adjacent plane to operate the same, and protected by said disk, and means for locking said mouthpiece, including a screw-threaded post on said mouthpiece projecting through said perforation in said disk, and a nut on said post adapted to bind said disk on said stock to prevent movement thereof.

4. In a plane, the combination with a stock, of a throat in the bottom thereof, a sliding mouthpiece for varying the size of said throat, a disk mounted on said stock and having a depending cam and a perforation, oppositely-disposed integral lugs on said mouthpiece adapted to be engaged by said cam, a screw-threaded post on said mouth-piece projecting through said perforation in said disk in which it is capable of lateral play, and a nut on said post adapted to bind said disk on said stock to prevent movement of said mouthpiece, the nut being arranged to overlap the wall surrounding the aperture of the disk.

5. In a plane, the combination with a stock, of a throat in the bottom thereof, a sliding mouthpiece for varying the size of said throat, a disk fitted in a circular seat to rotate on said stock and having a depending cam between said stock and said mouthpiece adapted to engage integral projections on said mouthpiece in an immediately adjacent plane to operate the same and protected by said disk, a projecting finger-piece on the upper surface of the disk, and means for locking said mouthpiece from movement.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand on the 11th day of August, 1904.

HENRY B. SARGENT.

Witnesses:
L. F. BREESE,
WILLIAM A. RICE.

No. 816,335 – Carpenter’s Plane (Alexander Kalla) (1906)

[paiddownloads id=”627″]816335

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ALEXANDER KALLA, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

CARPENTER’S PLANE.

_________________

816,335. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented March 27, 1906.
Application filed April 25, 1905. Serial No. 257,299.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER KALLA, a resident of New York city, Manhattan borough, county and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carpenters’ Planes , of which the following is a specification.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide a combination-plane with improved means for adjusting the cutting-tool.

A further object is to provide improved means whereby a plane-stock or smoothing-plane, for instance, can be attached to a relatively larger stock or shoe, whereby a jack-plane is produced, and to permit of said plane-stock or smoothing-plane to be utilized independently of said larger stock or shoe.

To these and other ends, which will hereinafter appear, my invention comprises the novel features of improvement and combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter set forth, and finally pointed out in the appended claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, wherein —

Figure 1 illustrates my improved plane in plan view, one end being broken away. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section thereof, the section being taken on a line a a in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a cross-section thereof, the section being taken on a line b b in Fig. 2 and looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sectional plan view, the section being taken on a line c c in Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the bit-iron, the section being taken on a line d d in Fig. 1, showing the bit, the clamp for holding said bit, the shave-iron, and means for holding the bit and shave-iron together. Fig. 6 is a fragmentary face view of the bit-iron, showing the means for adjusting the bit longitudinally, the bit being removed, showing also a portion of the shave-iron, and means for adjusting same. Fig. 7 is a cross-section of the clamp-iron, the section being taken on a line e e in Fig. 1. Fig. 8 is a detail plan view of the cam for clamping the plane-stock and shoe together. Fig. 9 is an end view thereof and shows the angular slot therein, and Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the bit-iron.

Like characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several views.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, special reference being made to Fig. 2, the numeral 1 indicates a shoe which has supported thereupon a smaller plane 2, the stock 3 of which is held in place by a forward dog 4 and a rear dog 5. As will be seen, the dog 5 is adapted to pass into the opening A in the bottom of the handle 6 and catch upon a projection 7, which in this instance is a portion of the bottom 8 of the stock 3. An opening 9 is formed in the bottom 8 of the stock 3, which alines with an opening 10 in the bottom 11 of the shoe 1, and, as is obvious, the said two openings are for the purpose of permitting an entrance of the bit of the plane 2. The back end of the opening 10 is tapered, as at 12, for a purpose to be hereinafter explained. The bit-iron 13 of the plane 2 is movably mounted thereupon, and to permit of a vertical movement, at the same time precluding displacement, I mount upon the sides 14 of the plane guides 15, Fig. 4, and upon the bit-iron 13 slides 16. As will be seen, the arrangement of said guides and slides is adapted to prevent any tendency toward movement excepting in a vertical plane. Upon the bottom of the bit-iron 13 I secure a plate 17, which is held against said bottom by screw-bolts 13 13, Fig. 3. Said plate 17 is carried beyond the sides 14 of the shoe to an extent which permits the said plate to contact the guides 15. This has for an object to line up the bit of the plane 2 with the bottom of said plane when detached and used independently of the shoe, as without such provision the bit-iron could be raised to any extent and alinement of the bit would be difficult.

Upon the bottom 8 of the plane 2 I mount a segment 19. Within the periphery of the rounded portion of said segment is cut a groove 19a, said groove being angularly disposed with reference to the axis of the pin 20. (See Figs. 3 and 9.) Within said groove a tongue 21 upon the plate 17 is adapted to fit. The bottom surface of the nose 21′ of the bit-iron 13 is designed to come flush with the bottom of the bottom portion 11 of the shoe 1 when said shoe and plane 2 are locked together for use, the rear edge of said nose being slightly tapered to correspond with the tapered edge 12 of the bottom 11 of the shoe 1. The locking process will now be explained. When the plane 2 is detached from the shoe 1, the bit-iron 13 will of course be raised to its highest position, that being when the plate 17 is in contact with the guides 15. To raise and retain the bit-iron in this position, it is but necessary to operate the segment 19 , as per the arrow, Fig. 3, or, in other words, to operate it so that the angular groove 19a forces the plate 17 upwardly and jams it in place against the guides 15, which act as an abutment. Supposing it to be in this position and I wish to place the plane upon and lock it to the shoe 1, I place it upon the dogs, as shown by dotted lines B, Fig. 2, the opening A in the bottom of the handle 6 being large enough to do this. Having done this, the nose 21′ of the bit-iron 13 will be substantially over the opening 10 in the bottom 11 of the shoe 1. By reversing the segment 19 or pushing it opposite to the direction of the arrow in Fig. 3 the whole bit-iron will be forced downwardly, sliding in the guides 15. The tapered rear edge of the nose 21′ will contact the tapered edge 12, and further movement will tend to jam the plane 2 against the dogs. It will of course be understood that the tapered edges referred to will be designed to allow the bottom of the nose 21′ to aline with the bottom 11 of the shoe 1 substantially at the same time that the said jamming of the plane 2 occurs.

Upon the bit-iron 13 I mount the usual bit 22, special means for adjustment being employed. Within the bit 22 I place a lonitudinal slot 23, which may be as long as disirable, and within this slot a block 24, Figs. 2 and 6, is fitted, said block having a projection 25, Figs. 2 and 3, which passes through a transverse slot 26 in the bit-iron 13, Fig. 3, said projection being adapted to work therein. A threaded spindle 27 is rotatably mounted upon said bit-iron and passes through a threaded hole within the projection 25 of the block 24, a thumb-wheel 28 being provided for operation. The function of the block 24 is obvious — namely, to adjust the bit 22 transversely of the bit-iron 13, or, in other words, to enable the operator to bring the cutting edge of the bit in proper relationship with the work. When properly adjusted, the bit 22 is held in place or secured against movement by the clamp 29, Fig. 5, said clamp being provided with a cam 30, which coacts with an opposite cam 31, which is carried by a pin 32, rotatably supported by said clamp 29, a lever 33, Fig. 1, carried by said pin 32, being the means for operation. The clamp 29 is loosely mounted upon the bit-iron 13 and may be moved outwardly, thereby bringing the cams away from the bit in the event of a desire to disassemble. Upon said bit 22 I mount the usual shave-iron 34, Figs. 1 and 2, with special means for adjustment, said means being a wheel 35, carried by the bit-iron 13, said wheel being provided with teeth 36 upon a portion of its periphery, a worm 37, carried by a rotatable shaft 38, supported upon the bit-iron 13, being the means for rotating the wheel 35, a thumb-wheel 39 being provided for the purpose of rotating the shaft 38. Within the wheel 35 I provide an eccentric slot 40, into which a projection 41 of a block 42 projects, Figs. 2 and 3. The block 42 works in an opening 43, Fig. 6, in the bit-iron 13, said opening being provided with guides 44 and said block 42 with guideways 45, Fig. 2. The block 42 carries a nib 46, Fig. 1 , which enters an opening to fit it in the shave-iron 34. By rotatin the wheel 35 by the means described the block 42 can be moved up or down in the opening 43, thereby moving the shave-iron toward or away from the work. To clamp the shave-iron in position, a clamp composed of a cam 46′ , carried by said shave-iron, Figs. 2 and 5, and a cam 47, carried by a lever 48, is provided. The lever 48 carries a rotatable spindle 49, which is provided with a block 50, which is within a recess 51 in the bit-iron 13 and under the bit 22. When the lever 48 is rotated properly, the cams 46′ and 47 by means of the spindle 49 force the bit and bit-iron together, thereby clamping same, the bit being held, as has been explained, by the clamp 29.

To prevent chattering, I provide a clamp-iron or wedge 52, Figs. 1 and 2, said clamp-iron bein provided with a hook 53, which is movabfy mounted therein, the means for operation being a swivel-cam 54, Fig. 7. The points 55 of said cam 54 will rest within a recess 56, formed within the iron 52, when the members are not clamped, and when it is desired to clamp the members together the said points 55 will ride up are inclined sides of said recess 56 when the cam is rotated. This will draw the nose 57, Fig. 2, of the hook 58 up against the bit-iron 13, thereby clamping the shave-iron and bit as a whole against the bit-iron. A spring 58 is provided and is so adjusted as to tend to constantly force the hook 53 backward, this being for the purpose of facilitating the disassemblage of the clamp-iron from the bit-iron. At the back end of the clamp-iron 52 a pin 59 is provided to limit the downward movement of the back end of said iron, suitable openings being provided in the bit and shave-iron for the hook to ass through, as shown.

It will be obvious from the foregoing that the plane 2 can be disengaged from the shoe 1 and used as a smoothing-plane, and it will also be evident that many of the minor details of construction may be varied without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having now descriibed my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. An improved carpenter’s plane comprising a stock, an adjustable bit-iron carried by said stock, said bit-iron being provided with a bit and shave-iron, means for adjusting said bit and shave-iron with reference to each other, an opening in the bottom of said stock, a projecting nose upon said bit-iron adapted to pass through said opening, and means for imparting a vertical movement to said bit-iron, whereby the bit thereupon can be adjusted relatively to the bottom surface of said stock.

2. An improved carpenter’s plane comprising a stock, an adjustable bit-iron carried by said stock, said bit-iron being provided with a bit and shave-iron, means for adjusting said bit and shave-iron with reference to each other, an opening in the bottom of said stock, a projecting nose upon said bit-iron adapted to pass through said opening, a cam carried by said stock, means carried by said bit-iron for engaging said cam, and means for operating said cam in such a manner as to impart a vertical movement to said bit-iron whereby the bit thereupon can be adjusted relatively to the bottom of said stock.

3. An improved carpenter’s plane comprising a stock, an adjustable bit-iron carried by said stock, said bit-iron being provlded with a bit and shave-iron, means for adjusting said bit and shave-iron with reference to each other, an opening in the bottom of said stock, a projecting nose upon said bit-iron, said nose having the rear wall thereofin contact with the bottom member of said stock, whereby chattering of the bit is prevented, a cam carried by said stock, means carried by said bit-iron for engaging said cam, and means for operating said cam in such a manner as to impart a vertical movement to said bit-iron whereby the bit thereupon can be adjusted relatively to the bottom of said stock.

4. An improved carpenter’s plane comprising a stock, vertical guideways carried by said stock, a bit-iron adjustably mounted in said guideways, a bit and shave-iron adjustably mounted upon said bit-iron, an opening in the bottom of said stock, a projecting nose upon said bit-iron, said nose having the rear wall thereof in contact with the rear wall of said opening, whereby chattering of said bit is prevented, a cam carried by said stock, means carried by said bit-iron for engaging said cam, and means for operating said cam in such a manner as to impart a vertical movement to said bit-iron, whereby the bit thereupon can be adjusted relatively to the bottom of said stock.

ALEXANDER KALLA.

Witnesses:
HASKEL CORENTHAL,
EMANUEL ELLER.

No. 787,624 – Carpenter’s Plane (Alexander Kalla) (1905)

[paiddownloads id=”619″]787624

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

ALEXANDER KALLA, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

CARPENTER’S PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 787,624, dated April 18, 1905.
Application filed December 10, 1904. Serial No. 236,272.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER KALLA, a resident of the city of New York, borough of Manhattan, county and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carpenters’ Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improved carpenter’s plane, in which the main object is to incorporate two planes in one. In other words, when the two are together a jack-plane is formed, and by taking them apart the smaller one can be used alone.

To these and other ends which will hereinafter appear the invention consists in the novel features of improvement and combination and arrangement of parts, which will be hereinafter described, and finally summarized in the appended claim.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, wherein —

Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly in section, of a plane embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a top plan view with the cutting-tool and accessories removed. Fig. 3 is a bottom plan view. Fig. 4 is a section of the stock of the small plane, the section being taken on the line a a in Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is an end view thereof. Fig. 6 is a detail view of the swivel-lock; and Fig. 7 is a transverse section of the shoe 1, taken on the line B B in Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrow.

Like numerals or letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several views.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, the numeral 1 indicates the large shoe of my plane, having detachably mounted thereon a stock 2, the stock 2 being held in place by a dog 3 and a swivel-clip 4.

Upon the end of the stock 2 adjacent to the clip 4 is a swivel-lock 5, (see Fig. 6,) which is mounted upon a stud 6, fastened to the stock 2. A knob 7 is mounted upon the stud 6 in the manner shown and is free to be screwed down upon the swivel to secure the same.

Upon the bottom of stock 2 is a projecting portion 8, adapted to fit the opening 9 in shoe 1. Through said projection a cutting-tool 11 passes, said tool being braced by the member 12, which is provided with a lock 13, all of which are carried by the bracket 14, said bracket being held by the stock 2, this being a well-known construction of cutting means usually employed in carpenters’ planes. The projection 8 serves as an abutment when parts 1 and 2 are interlocked and also prevents the tool 11 from chattering.

Upon the bottom of stock 2 an adjustable gib 15 is fitted, (see Fig. 4,) there being two such gibs, one being held by pins 16 16a and the other by pins 17a 17b, at opposite ends thereof, the pin 17a passing through a slot or recess 18 in the swivel-lock 5 and a suitable opening in the bottom of stock 2, the pin 16 also passing through the bottom of stock 2 and extending somewhat above the bottom portion of said stock. Adjacent to th pins 16 16a are slide-locks 19 20, which are held in place by pins 21 21 and are provided with operating-pins 22.

The swivel-lock 5 is provided with an operating-pin 23, which projects below the same and into a slot 24, which slot limits the movement of said clip or lock.

Fig. 7 shows the corners of the body 1, which lie between the lines C C, Fig. 1, as rounded, the corners D D of stock 2, Fig. 5, fitting the same, whereby agood tight sliding fit is provided.

It will be seen from Fig. 2 that the stock 2 has upon its rear end a rounded projection 24a, which is adapted to catch into the dog 3, as shown.

When the body portions 1 and 2 are interlocked, as in Fig. 1, a jack-plane is formed, being held by the projection 24a catching in the dog 3 and the swivel-clip 4 being brought to a position parallel with a median line drawn through the plane and over the lock 5, the cutting-tool passing through the opening 25 in the projection 8. When the parts 1 and 2 are fitted together for use as a jack-plane, the gib 15 will be in a raised position, as shown in Fig. 4, permitting the projection 8 to pass through the opening 9 of body 1, Fig. 1. When the shoe 1 is removed, the gib 15 can be caused to drop (see dotted lines, Fig. 4,) and held down by sliding the locks 19 20 over the pins 16 16a, (as per dotted lines, Fig. 2,) which will fall with the gib and fit the recesses 26 in stock 2, the forward pins 17a 17b also dropping. The swivel-lock 5 can new be swung over the pins 17a 17b (see dotted lines, Fig. 6) and the knob 7 screwed down, thus locking the lock 5. This accomplished, the stock 2 can be employed separately for use as a short plane. The stock 2 is provided with the usual handle 26a. The knob 7 is provided with a screw 27, which is tapped into the stud 6, so that when the knob is turned it travels downwardly upon the lock 5, the screw 27 being held in the knob in suitable manner.

Having now described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

A combination carpenter’s plane, comprising a shoe, said shoe having in the bottom thereof an opening, a plane-stock having a projection adapted to fit in said opening, said projection being thicker than the bottom of said shoe, and an adjustable gib, carried by said plane-stock, said gib being equal in thickness to the difference between the depth of said projection on said plane-stock and the thickness of the bottom of said shoe, and means adapted to position and lock said plane-stock, and gib thereon, firmly to said shoe and to bring the bottom of said plane-stock substantially in line with the bottom of said shoe.

ALEXANDER KALLA.

Witnesses:
HASKEL CORENTHAL,
DAN HERSHFIELD.

No. 721,771 – Plane (Jefferson Allen) (1903)

[paiddownloads id=”583″]721771

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JEFFERSON ALLEN, OF KENNEBUNK PORT, MAINE.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 721,771, dated March 3, 1903.
Application filed April 11, 1902. Serial No. 102,366. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JEFFERSON ALLEN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Kennebunk Port, in the county of York and State of Maine, have invented an Improvement in Planes, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like figures on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention has for its object the production of a novel plane in which the cutting edge of the plane-iron is situated some distance below the sole of the stock, whereby the plane may operate upon portions of the surface to be planed which are below the level of the higher portions thereof.

My improved plane is especially useful in such operations as smoothing up the boards of a floor.

In laying a floor it frequently happens that the surfaces of adjacent boards at their meeting edges are not in exactly the same horizontal plane, one board projecting slightly above the other to form a shoulder, and it also sometimes happens that owing to the slightly-warped conditions of the boards the meeting edges thereof may be situated at a slightly-lower level than the surface at the center of the board. Under such circumstances it is impossible to use the ordinary plane to smooth up the meeting edges of the boards, because the sole of the plane by resting upon the higher portions of the boards either side of the meeting -edges of adjacent boards lifts the cutting edge of the plane out of contact with the said meeting edges on which it is desired to operate. Accordingly heretofore the joints between adjacent floor-boards have usually been finished by hand by means of a scraper, a tedious and slow operation. This operation can be accomplished with my improved plane, for since the cutting edge is situated some distance below the sole of the plane the joints between the boards may be operated upon even though the boards are warped slightly.

My improvement consists in providing the plane, of whatever description, with a gage-rib which extends across the sole thereof adjacent the mouth through which the cutting edge of the plane-iron projects. Preferably this gage-rib will be constructed to be detachably secured to the plane, so that the plane can be used with or without it, as desired.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a bottom plan view thereof. Fig. 3 is a section on the line x x, Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrow, and Fig. 4 is a detail to be hereinafter referred to.

My improvement is of such a character that it may be applied to any type of plane, and in the drawings 3 designates the stock of one common type of plane, and 4 is the plane-iron. These parts may be of any usual construction.

Extending across the sole of the plane and adjacent the mouth 5, through which the cutting edge of the plane-iron projects, and preferably in front of the said mouth, is a gage-rib 6, upon which the plane is adapted to rest.

The cutting edge of the plane-iron will be adjusted so that its cutting edge is sufficiently below the gage-rib to perform the cutting or planing operation, and when in use the gage-rib serves to lift or carry the sole 7 of the plane above the surface being operated upon, which surface is designated by the dotted line in Fig. 1.

By turning the plane at an angle to the direction of movement thereof during the planing operation the width of the shaving cut from the surface may be regulated, and since the sole of the plane is above the level of the surface being operated upon it is possible to plane or smooth the depressed portions in the surface and also to smooth up the joint between adjacent boards even though the boards may be warped more or less.

In order that my invention may be applied to different planes, I prefer to detachably secure the rib 6 to the stock of the plane, so that the rib may be removed and the plane used in an ordinary way, if desired. Accordingly I have herein illustrated said rib as being formed integral with a nose-piece 8, which is detachably secured to the front end of the plane, whereby said nose-plate and rib may be removed whenever it is desired to use the plane in the ordinary way. Any suitable or appropriate means may be employed to detachably secure said nose-piece to the stock, and for convenience I have herein illustrated said nose-piece as being provided with a screw-threaded stem 9, which projects through an aperture in the stock and on which a clamping-nut 10 in the form of a handle or knob may be screwed.

I will preferably provide the nose-piece with the positioning-rib 11, which is received in a suitable groove in the stock. I will preferably furnish each plane with a second nose-piece 8′, which is similar to the nose-piece 8 except that it has no rib 6 thereon, said second nose-piece being of a thickness so that when in position its lower surface is in the plane of the stock 7. By using either of the nose-pieces the plane may be used either as an ordinary plane or may be provided with my improvements, as desired. I will also preferably provide the heel of the plane with a detachable half round or semispherical projection 13 to form a sort of rocking support for the plane when my improvements are applied thereto. This rocking support provides means whereby the plane may be regulated slightly to better accommodate it to uneven surfaces. This projection 13 may be detachably secured to the stock in any suitable way, and I have herein shown the same as provided with a screw-threaded stem passing through the stock and on which a clamping-nut 14 is screwed. If desired, however, the nose-piece 8 and the rocking support 13 may be secured in position by screws passing through the same and into the stock.

My invention would also include a plane in which the rib (5 were made integral with the stock instead of upon a separate nose-piece which may be detachably secured thereto. In such a construction, however, the plane could not be converted into an ordinary plane.

Believing that I am the first to provide a plane having the gage-rib extending transversely across the sole thereof, I desire to claim the same broadly and would consider as coming within my invention any plane having this feature however the said rib may be secured to the stock.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. In a plane, a stock having a rib extending transversely of the sole adjacent the cutting edge of the plane-iron.

2. In a plane, a stock having a rib detachably secured to and extending transversely of the sole adjacent the cutting edge of the plane-iron.

3. In a plane, a stock, a plane-iron, a nose-piece detachably secured to the front of said stock, said nose-piece having a gage-rib extending below the plane of the sole of the stock.

4. In a plane, a stock having a gage-rib extending transversely of the sole thereof and adjacent the mouth.

5. In a plane, a stock having a gage-rib extending transversely across the sole adjacent the mouth and a rounding projection extending from the sole of the plane at the back end thereof.

6. In a plane, a stock, a nose-piece detachably secured thereto, said nose-piece having a gage-rib extending across the sole of the stock, and a rounding projection secured to the sole of the stock at the back end thereof.

7. A plane having a gage-rib projecting from the sole thereof adjacent the mouth and serving to raise the sole of the plane above the cutting edge of the iron.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JEFFERSON ALLEN.

Witnesses:
D. W. DEEDLER,
O. L. WELLS.

No. 707,356 – Plane-Lift (Charles E. Riecker And Henry S. Walter) (1902)

[paiddownloads id=”569″]707356

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHARLES E. RIECKER AND HENRY S. WALTER, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNORS TO
STANLEY RULE AND LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE-LIFT.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 707,356, dated August 19, 1902.
Application filed April 26, 1902. Serial No. 104,808. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, CHARLES E. RIECKER and HENRY S. WALTER, citizens of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Plane-Lifts, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

Our invention relates to planes, and particularly to improvements in carpenters’ or bench planes.

The purpose of the invention is to provide a simple and effective device to mechanically elevate or assist in lifting the plane on the return stroke, so that the cutting edge of the plane iron or knife will not become dulled by rubbing backward against the wood. The device, moreover, is so constructed as to be readily applied to a plane and to operate without chattering.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane embodying our invention when on the return stroke. Fig. 2 is a similar view, partly in section, showing the position of the parts on the forward or cutting stroke. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the front end of a plane as shown in Fig. 1, the front handle or knob being removed. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a device adapted to be attached to a plane for effecting the results herein desired.

The particular construction of the plane proper is immaterial and will not, therefore, be described in detail, since this invention is applicable to planes in general.

A represents the body or stock of a plane, and in the particular construction shown B is a front handle, and C a rear handle. The operator usually grasps both handles of the plane in using the same. On the forward stroke of the plane the cutting is edected by means of a plane iron or knife D, which projects through a throat or passage in the stock A and slightly below the sole thereof. On the rearward or return stroke, if the plane-iron bears against the wood the cutting edge is rubbed backward and rendered dull. To avoid this, I provide a mechanical elevator in the form of a spring-pressed nose E, which is preferably carried at one end of the stock A in such a manner as to normally project slightly below the sole of the stock, and thus lift the stock a sufficient distance to free the cutting edge of the plane-iron D from the wood on the return stroke. In the particular form shown in the drawings the lifting device or nose E is shaped to the forward end of the sole and is carried by blade-springs F F, secured to a washer-like carrier G, which surrounds the stem or post upon which the forward handle B is mounted. When the handle is screwed down into place, it clamps the carrier G firmly in the position indicated in the drawings, Figs. 1 and 2. The lower edge of the nose of the lifting device E is preferably rounded or suitably fashioned so as not to scratch or injure the woodwork with which it comes in contact and to insure a smooth and noiseless action. In use the operator presses down upon the front knob of the plane in such manner as to overcome the lifting tendency of the elevator E and so as to bring the knife D into proper contact with the wood. As the plane is advanced the knife cleaves the wood and cuts of a shaving of the desired thickness. Upon the return stroke the natural tendency of the user is to relieve the pressure upon the plane and, in fact, to apply a slight lifting tendency. As this lifting tendency is not usually sufficient to elevate the plane from the wood, so as to relieve the engagement of the knife therewith, it is supplemented by a mechanical appliance, herein described, to a sufficient extent to cause the sole of the plane to be elevated to the desired degree, thus prolonging the effective life of the cutting edge of the plane-iron. The method of attaching the elevating device E is preferentially shown; but it is manifest that it may be modified in a variety of ways. As shown, the elevating device takes a long bearing upon the wood substantially the full width of the sole, and hence prevents the tilting of the plane on its rearward movement and effectively elevates the entire cutting edge of the plane, so as to substantially relieve the pressure of the knife-edge against the woodwork upon the return stroke of the plane.

It is obvious that this invention may be applied to any plane of this general type without any alteration to the plane whatsoever. The plane-lift maybe manufactured and sold separately to be attached to any plane. The construction is such that chattering is prevented when the device is in use. This partially results from the fact that the nose is carried at the end of the plane-body, and its supporting or carrying blades F F project rearwardly, so that when the plane is drawn backward, at which time the pressure on the same is very slight, the friction occurs in a direction away from the point of support, so that the action is smooth and uninterrupted. When, on the other hand, the plane is pushed forward, the pressure on the handles is considerable, so that although the friction upon the nose does occur in the opposite direction the force applied is such as to prevent chattering.

What we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. In a plane, an elevating device projecting beyond the front end of the plane and means of connection between said elevating device and a portion of the plane, and means to normally cause said elevating device to project below the sole of the plane.

2. In a plane, an elevating device projecting beyond the end of the plane and means of connection between said elevating device and a portion of the plane, and a spring to normally cause said elevating device to project below the sole of the plane.

3. A plane having a front and a rear handle, an elevating device secured to the plane by the front handle said connection includiing a yielding spring-blade.

4. In a plane, a yielding elevating device comprising a nose mounted on the plane in front of the forward end thereof, and a spring for normally causing said elevating device to project below the sole of the plane, the operative edge of said elevating device being rounded.

5. An elevating device for a plane comprising a carrier, blades projecting forwardly therefrom and carrying a nose portion projecting downward therefrom, substantially as described.

6. An elevating device fora plane comprising a carrier portion G, a downwardly-projecting nose portion E, and means for connecting said carrier and said nose portion.

7. An elevating device for a plane comprising a downwardly-projecting nose portion, adapted to project beyond the end of a plane, a spring-blade attached thereto and means carried by said blade portion whereby said elevating device may be attached to a plane on top of its sole portion.

Signed at New Britain, Connecticut, this 24th day of April, 1902.

CHARLES E. RIECKER.
HENRY S. WALTER.

Witnesses:
ALBERT L. WIARD,
W. J. WORAM.

No. 696,414 – Plane (George P. Davidson) (1902)

[paiddownloads id=”562″]696414

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

GEORGE P. DAVIDSON, OF PORT CHESTER, NEW YORK.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 696,414, dated April 1, 1902.
Application filed October 26, 1901. Serial No. 80,032. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE P. DAVIDSON, a citizen of the United States, residing in Port Chester, in the county of Westchester and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to planes, and has for its object to provide a plane of improved construction wherein the advantages appertaining to a metal plane-stock and to a wooden plane-stock are combined.

Another object of the invention is to provide a plane having a sole of wood and metal.

Another object is to provide a plane wherein the plane-iron is impressed and held in position by contact with wood and metal.

Another object is to provide a plane wherein the plane-iron is held in place by contact with wood positioned by metal.

Another object of the invention is to provide a plane possessing the desirable characteristics of an old-fashioned plane, but ernbodying the advantages of a metal plane.

Many users of planes prefer a plane having a wooden sole, because they regard a plane working with wood to wood as running more smoothly and easier than one having a metal sole; but the tendency of a wooden sole upon coming in contact with a knot, or if a cornposite piece of wood is being planed with a piece of wood which is harder than the wood surrounding it, is to jump. The metal sole, however, has more of a tendency to hang to its work and keep the plane-iron down into the wood irrespective of knots or denser texture. Having in view this fact, I have pro-
vided a plane having a combined wooden and metal sole, so that the bearing-surface may be made of wood for the purpose of securing easy running, but with suflicient iron or other metal on the sole to cause the plane to hang to its work when obstacles are encountered.

In metal planes it has been found impracticable to make the plane-iron as heavy and substantial as the plane-irons heretofore employed in the old-fashioned wooden planes, the plane-irons of the modern iron plane being of such thin material that they heat in the work, frequently drawing the temper.

My invention provides a plane wherein the old-fashioned plane-iron may be employed, held in place by a wooden wedge, wedging the back of the plane-iron against a wooden block, but yet where the bearing-surfaces for those blocks are made of metal, thus obviating all liability of the bearing-surfaces getting away from their proper positions or splitting or distorting the main structure by incessant adjustment of the parts.

In the drawings accompanying and forming part of this specification, Figure 1 is a central longitudinal sectional view of a form of my invention embodied in a block-plane. Fig. 2 is a cross-section in the line a a of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a perspective of the metal frame of the plane. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the sole of the plane, and Fig. 5 is one of the detached wooden plates.

Similar characters of reference designate corresponding parts in the various figures.

Referring to the drawings, my invention is shown as applied to a plane wherein the stock (designated in a general way by A) comprises a frame, (designated in a general way by B,) which frarne is preferably composed of a single casting having side members 6 6, which side members are connected by integral bars 7 7, so disposed as to leave a mouth 8, the stock at the back of which mouth is provided with a seat or rest 9 for the plane-iron and a positioning bar or rest 10 for the plane-handle block. The side members are also provided with lugs 11 11, adapted for the wedge to bear against. Suitable chambers 12 are provided in the sole ot’ the frame to receive blocks or plates 13, formed of wood, disposed in such chambers and between the side members and suitably-formed ridges 14 of the frame, the side members, mouth, ridges, and wooden plates making a composite sole.

The upper side of the plane is provided with a handle 15, secured to a block 16, which block is effective to rest upon the cross-bars 7 7 and against the bar 10 for positioning the same, into which handle-block screws passing through the sole-plates may enter, the front part of the frame being also provided with a block 17 and handle 18, into which block the screws of the forward plates may enter. After the plane-stock has been assembled the wood and metal of the sole may be made smooth in any convenient manner, as by grinding. A plane-iron 19 of any ordinary or suitable construction may be employed, which may have a suitable cap 20 screwed thereto, the plane-iron being adapted to lie upon the seat or rest 9 formed on the frame and against a portion 16′ of the wooden handle-block and to be held in place by means of a wooden wedge 21, lying upon the cap and passing behind the lugs 11 11 on the frame, the plane-iron thus being positioned by immovable metal parts, but being held by contact with wood.

By my invention a plane may be produced of greater strength and lightness than planes now in use, which is due to the organization of the component parts, and the cooperation of the parts is such that lighter metals may be employed in the construction of a plane than has heretofore been found practicable.

Having described my invention, I claim —

1. A plane having, in combination with a plane-iron, a metal support therefor in direct contact with the iron adjacent to its cutting edge; a wooden support also in direct contact with the plane-iron above and on the same side of the iron as the said metal support; a metal reaction member on the opposite side of the plane-iron; and a wooden clamping-wedge insertible between and contacting with the opposed surfaces of the said iron and the said reaction member.

2. In a plane, the combination of a plane-stock having a sole comprised of wooden and of metal portions, the metal portion forming a rest for the lower end of the plane-iron; a wooden portion secured to the plane-stock and forming part thereof, and effective to form a support for the central portions of the plane-iron; lugs on the metal portion; and a wooden wedge interposed between such lugs and plane-iron to hold such iron in place.

3. A plane having, in combination with a plane-iron, a wooden support in direct contact with the plane-iron above the cutting edge thereof; a metal reaction member on the opposite side of the plane-iron; and a wooden clamping-wedge insertible between and contacting with the opposed surfaces of the said iron and the said reaction member.

4. In a plane, the combination with a plane-iron and a metal frame, of a metal support for said iron in direct contact therewith adjacent to its cutting edge; a wooden support also in direct contact with the plane-iron above and on the same side of the iron as the said metal support; a metal reaction member on the opposite side of the plane-iron; and a wooden clamping-wedge insertible between and contacting with the opposed surfaces of the said iron and the said reaction member.

5. In a plane, the combination with a metal frame; a wooden sole; and a plane-iron, of a metal support for said iron extending from the frame and in direct contact with the iron adjacent to its cutting edge; a wooden support also in direct contact with the plane-iron above and on the same side of the iron as the said metal support; a metal reaction member on the opposite side of the plane-iron; and a wooden clamping-wedge insertible between and contacting with the opposed surfaces of the said iron and the said reaction member.

6. In a plane, the combination with a metal frame; a composite sole; and a plane-iron, of a metal support for said iron extending from the frame and in direct contact with the iron adjacent to its cutting edge; a wooden support also in direct contact with the plane-iron above and on the same side of the iron as the said metal support; a metal reaction member on the opposite side of the plane-iron; and a wooden clamping-wedge insertible between and contacting with the opposed surfaces of the said iron and the said reaction member.

7. In a plane, the combination with a metal frame, and a wooden sole, of a wooden handle-supporting block to which said wooden sole is secured and between which the frame is clamped.

8. In a plane, the combination with a chambered metal frame, of a wooden sole comprising strips inlaid in the chambers of the frame; and a wooden handle-supporting block to which said wooden sole is secured and between which the frame is clamped.

9. In a plane, the combination with a chambered metal frame, of a plane-iron, a wooden sole comprising strips inlaid in the chambers of the frame in front of and at the rear of the said plane-iron, and wooden handle-supporting blocks also located in front of and at the rear of said plane-iron, and to which the wooden sole is secured and between which and said sole the frame is clamped.

10. In a plane, the combination with a wooden sole, of a metal frame in which said wooden sole is inlaid and which is provided with a rubbing-surface encircling the wooden sole at the sides and at the ends of the plane, and wooden handle-supporting blocks to which said wooden sole is secured, and between which and said sole the frame is clamped.

11. In a plane, the combination with a metal frame and a plane-iron, of a wooden sole inlaid in said frame; a metal support for the plane-iron in direct contact therewith adjacent to its cutting edge; a wooden support also in direct contact with the plane-iron above and on the same side of said iron as the said metal support; lugs extending from opposite sides of the metal frame and constituting a reaction member located on the side of the plane-iron opposite to which said metal support and wooden support are situated, and a wooden clamping-wedge insertible between and contacting with the opposed surfaces of the said iron and the said lugs.

GEORGE P. DAVIDSON.

Witnesses:
WILLIAM G. SLATER,
DE WITT H. LYON.

No. 688,969 – Plane (Solon R. Rust And Arthur E. Rust) (1901)

[paiddownloads id=”559″]688969

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

SOLON R. RUST AND ARTHUR E. RUST,
OF PINE MEADOW, CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 688,969, dated December 17, 1901.
Application filed June 25, 1900. Serial No. 21,440. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, SOLON R. RUST and ARTHUR E. RUST, of Pine Meadow, in the county of Litchfield and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and useful lmprovement in Planes; and we do hereby declare the following, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, and which said drawings constitute part of this specification, and represent, in —

Figure 1, a view in side elevation of a plane constructed in accordance with our invention; Fig. 1a, a view thereof in transverse section on the line a b of the preceding figure; Fig. 2, a view of the plane in vertical central longitudinal section; Fig. 3, a plan view of the body of the plane stripped of all other parts; Fig. 4, a reverse plan view thereof; Fig. 5, a plan view of the removable sectional wooden face, the sections of which are separated from each other; Fig. 6, a view in transverse section on the line c d of Fig. 5; Fig. 7, a plan view of the removable sectional metal face of the plane with the sections drawn apart; Fig. 8, a view in transverse section on the line e f of the preceding figure.

Our invention relates to an improvement in that class of bench-planes designed for smoothing as distinguished from beading or rabbeting, and more particularly to smoothing-planes having metal bodies, the object being to produce at a low cost for manufacture a simple and strong plane constructed with particular reference to its adaptation to have a metal or a wooden face applied to it interchangeably, so as to readily adapt it to be used in situations requiring wooden faces as well as in situations requiring metal faces.

With these ends in view our invention consists in a plane having certain details of construction and combinations of parts, as will be hereinafter described,and particularly recited in the claims.

In carrying out our invention as herein shown the metal body A of the plane has cast integral with it an inclined cutter-supporting bed B, the opposite edges of which are supported or trussed by longitudinal flanges A’, rising from the opposite edges of I the upper face of the body. As shown, these flanges extend throughout the length of the body for increasing the strength thereof; but this is not essential. These flanges A’, as shown, are raised at points opposite the bed B, but elsewhere are straight and uniform in height. The said bed is provided for supporting the cutter, (not shown,) which may be of the usual construction and which is secured in place and adjusted in any desired manner. For the purpose of casting the said integral cutter-supporting bed without the use of cores a large casting-opening A2, which is located directly below the bed, is formed. This opening performs no function in the completed plane, but, as aforesaid, permits the body A to be cast without the use of a core, whereby the expense of producing the plane is greatly reduced. The body. A is also formed with a throat-opening A2, located directly in front of the casting-opening aforesaid and permitting the shavings removed by the cutter to escape upward through the plane.

To adapt the plane to be used in situations requiring wooden as well as metal faces, we design to provide each plane-body with interchangeable faces made of wood and of metal, respectively, these faces being constructed to correspond in size to the lower face of the body, so as to completely cover the casting-opening A2, formed therein.
These removable faces of wood and metal may be formed in one piece or in sections, as desired. As an illustration of their construction we have shown a sectional wooden face composed of a long rear section C and a short forward section C’. The said wooden section C is secured in place by screws D passing downward into it through the body of the plane, which for that purpose is formed with screw-holes D’, while the forward section is adjustably secured in place by means of a handle E, having a threaded stud F passing downward through an elongated slot G, formed in the forward portion of the body. The stud F is entered into the said forward section C’, which by turning the handle E is clamped against the forward end of the lower face of the body, so as to be held firmly in place; but as the adjacent ends of the two sections wear so as to unduly increase the opening H, Fig. 2, between them below the throat-opening A3 the forward section is moved rearwardly, so as to take up this wear by loosening the handle E.

As shown in Fig. 1a of the drawings, the lower face of the body is provided with two parallel centering-flanges I I, the inner faces of which are beveled and which insure the centering of the removable face when it is applied to the body; but these flanges are not necessarily employed, although we prefer to use them. To coact with the beveled inner faces of the flanges I I, the upper corners of the sections C and C’ are beveled, as shown at c in Figs. 1a and 6. When the removable face is made in sections, we preferably form the forward sections with two rearwardly-extending fingers J J, Fig. 5, which extend across the ends of the throat-opening A3, so as to prevent the shavings from clogging.

The removable metal face of the plane shown in Figs. 7 and 8 of the drawings comprises a long rear section K and a short forward section K These sections are reinforced and strengthened by the formation upon their upper faces of longitudinal side ribs L L and a longitudinal central rib L’. The rib L’ is enlarged near its ends to form posts L2 L2, which are internally threaded for the reception of the screws which hold it in place by passing down through the body of the plane, while the rib L’ of the forward section K is formed with a corresponding post L3 for the reception of the threaded stud F of the handle E. As shown in Fig. 8, the upper outer corners of the side ribs L of the sections K K’ are beveled, as at k, for coaction with the beveled inner faces of the centering-flanges I of the body of the plane.

Having fully described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. In a bench-plane, the combination with a metal body having an integral cutter-supporting bed both edges of which are supported or trussed by the body which is formed with a casting-opening located directly beneath the said bed, of a removable face adapted to be applied to the lower face of the said body to which it corresponds, and extending entirely over the said casting-opening.

2. In a bench-plane, the combination with a metal body having an integral cutter-supporting bed, both edges of which are supported or trussed by the body which is formed with a casting-opening located directly beneath the said bed, of a removable sectional face adapted to be applied to the lower face of the said body to which it corresponds in size, and extending entirely over the said casting-opening.

3. In a bench-plane, the combination with a metal body having an integral cutter-supporting bed both edges of which are supported or trussed by the body which is formed with a casting-opening located directly beneath the said bed, and with a throat-opening located in front of the said casting-opening, of a removable sectional face adapted to be applied to the lower face of the body so as to entirely cover the said casting-opening, and comprising a forward section which is longitudinally adjustable for taking up wear at the said throat-opening.

4. In a bench-plane, the combination with a metal body having an integral cutter-supporting bed both edges of which are supported or trussed by the body which is formed with a casting-opening located directly beneath the bed, of removable interchangeable metal and wooden faces adapted to be applied to the lower face of the body to which they correspond in size and the said casting-opening in which they entirely close.

5. In a bench-plane, the combination with a metal body having an integral cutter-supporting bed both edges of which are supported or trussed by the body which is formed with a casting-opening located directly beneath the bed and with a throat-opening located in front of the said casting-opening, of a removable sectional face adapted to be applied to the lower face of the body to which it corresponds in size, and the said casting-opening in which it entirely closes, the forward section of the said face being made longitudinally adjustable for taking up wear at the said throat-opening, and formed at its rear end with rearwardly~extending lugs which extend across the said throat-opening.

In testimony whereof we have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

SOLON R. RUST.
ARTHUR E. RUST.

Witnesses:
WILLIAM McALPINE,
E. L. MORLEY.

No. 591,662 – Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1897)

[paiddownloads id=”532″]591662

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 591,662, dated October 12, 1897.
Application filed July 6, 1897. Serial No. 643,617. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing in New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to planes, and it comprehends, essentially, a stock or body portion and a mouthpiece bodily adjustable on the stock.

In the form of the invention herein described the stock or body portion of the plane is constructed of wood, and the mouthpiece or plate is made of metal and is bodily adjustable on the stock or body portion in a direction transverse to the line of working movement of the plane, so that the sole of the latter can be dressed down to remove any unevenness in its surface from constant use and so that the mouthpiece or plate can be adjusted to compensate for the variation until its working face is flush with the sole or under surface of the plane-body.

In the drawings accompanying and forming part of this specification, Figure 1 is a plan view of a smooth plane embodying my present improvements. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the plane with the cutter and its holding and operating parts removed. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the adjustable mouthpiece. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the same. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal central section of a fragment of the plane, showing the adjustable mouthpiece therein. Fig. 7 is a longitudinal central section of a plane, representing a modification of the mouthpiece; and Fig. 8 is a longitudinal central section of a fragment of the plane-body illustrated in Fig. 7.

Similar characters designate like parts in all the figures of the drawings.

The stock or body of the plane represented in the fhawings is designated by B, and it is constructed, preferably, of wood. A metallic frame for carrying the usual cutter or plane-iron is designated by F, and is fastened near its opposite ends to the upper face of the stock B. The cutter or plane-iron is designated by C, and its clamping-lever by C’, and the operating mechanism for the cutter is designated by M, and as these parts are mounted in the usual manner in the loop or open portion 2 of the frame and are of common construction a detailed description thereof is deemed unnecessary.

My improved plane comprehends a stock or body portion and a mouthpiece bodily adjustable thereon, said mouthpiece consisting in the present instance of a plate adjustable in a direction transverse to the line of working movement of the plane.

The mouthpiece of the plane is designated by P, and it is represented consisting of a rectangular metallic plate set within a mortise or cavity 3, formed in the bottom or sole of the stock or body portion B. The mouthpiece or plate P has near its rear end the elongated mouth or slot 4, through which the cutter or plane-iron C may extend. The front and rear ends of the mouthpiece are beveled or inclined and fit against the similarly beveled or inclined walls 7 and 8 of the mortise, the latter being of a depth exceeding that of the mouthpiece P, as represented, respectively, in Figs. 2 and 6.

By reason of the construction just described the mouthpiece P can be set farther into the mortise 3 and its under face maintained flush with the sole or bottom surface 9 of the plane-body.

On an inspection of Fig. 6 it will be observed that the bevels or inclinations 5 and 6 on the front and rear ends, respectively, of the mouthpiece P correspond substantially with the inclination of the cutter or plane-iron C, so that if said mouthpiece be set in to a greater or less depth in the plane body or stock it will be adjusted in the direction of the length of the plane-iron and also of the stock or body portion, so as to maintain the proper working relation between the lower or cutting end of the said plane-iron and the mouth-piece.

The mouthpiece P is preferably held to the body portion by a screw passing through the body or stock B, the lower threaded end of which engages the internal threads 13 on the boss or hub 14, near the forward end of the mouthpiece. The screw extends through the slot or hole 15 in the frame F and the opening or aperture 16 in the body or stock B, a washer 17, serving its usual purpose, being placed between the screw-head 18 and the frame F. The opening 16 in the body portion B, which communicates with the mortise 3, is of different sizes or diameters, the wider or larger portion 19 being adapted to receive the internally-threaded boss 14 of the mouthpiece and its diameter exceeding that of the boss, so that as the mouthpiece is moved up or down in its mortise or recess in the body portion the holding-screw 10 can be properly seated in the boss without affecting the proper relation of the several parts, as will be apparent. For this purpose also the diameters of the reduced or narrower portion 20 of the aperature 16 and of the slot 15 in the cutter-carrying frame exceed that of the screw, so that the latter can be moved forward or backward in accordance with the adjustment of the mouthpiece.

It will be remembered that the mortise or recess 3 is preferably made deeper than the mouthpiece or plate P, and the mouthpiece or plate is provided with adjusting means adapted to bear against the roof of the mortise, said adjusting means consisting of a plurality of screws, as 21, disposed on the upper face of the mouthpiece, as shown in Fig. 4. The upper or slotted ends of the screws are adapted to bear against the roof of the mortise 3, so that the mouthpiece can be nicely fitted in its seat with its lower face true or flush with the sole of the plane.

In Fig. 2 the mouthpiece and the several cooperating parts are shown assembled in the plane-body. Let it be assumed that it is necessary to dress off the sole of the plane-body. In this event the plate-holding screw 10 is removed, so that the mouthpiece or plate P can be taken from its mortise or recess 3. The sole of the plane is then resurfaced. The several adjusting-screws are then driven slightly farther in their seats in the mouthpiece and the latter inserted in the mortise. If the lower face of the mouthpiece is flush with the sole, the holding-screw 10 will be inserted in place; if not, said mouthpice will be removed and the adjusting-screws will be driven farther into their seats, and this manipulation of the adjusting-screws will continue until the under face of the mouthpiece is alined with the sole; but it will be evident that it is but the work of a moment to properly adjust the mouthpiece. When the same is adjusted, the holding-screw 10 is placed in position.

In Figs. 7 and 8 I have illustrated a modified form of the invention wherein the adjusting-screws are dispensed with, the construction otherwise being similar to the preferred form. When it is desired to adjust the mouthpiece shown in Figs. 7 and 8, it is simply necessary to cut away the upper surface or roof of the mortise to correspond with the dressing off of the sole.

It will be observed on an inspection of Figs. 2 and 7 that the mouthpiece P constitutes also a clamping or resistance plate for assisting in holding the cutter-carrying frame in place on the stock, and the holding-screw 10, which is seated in said mouthpiece, also constitutes a part of the frame-securing means, as has been described.

By means of my present improvements the plane or under surface thereof may be readily repaired from time to time by the user, so as to maintain the implement in perfect working order for a long period of time, hence materially prolonging its life and reducing the cost of the tool proportionately to the amount of work done. At the same time the mouthpiece of the wood body being adjustable, as hereinbefore set forth, said mouthpiece is maintained in proper form relatively to the stock and to the cutter regardless of the extent to which the bottom or the sole of the plane may be cut away in resurfacing.

Having described my invention, I claim —

1. A plane comprising a stock having a mortise in its under side, the front and rear walls of which are beveled, said stock also having an aperture extending therefrom and communicating with the mortise; a mouthpiece having its ends beveled to conform to the walls of the mortise; screws carried by the mouthpiece and bearing against the roof of the mortise; and a holding-screw pressing through and of less diameter than the aperture in the stock and having its lower end in threaded engagement with the mouthpiece.

2. A plane comprising a stock having a mortise the front and rear walls of which are beveled, and also having an aperture extending entirely through the stock and communicating with the mortise, said aperture being of different sizes; a mouthpiece bodily adjustable in, and of less depth than, the mortise and furnished with a threaded boss or stud of a less diameter than the wider portion of said aperture, said mouthpiece having its opposite ends beveled to correspond with the beveled surface of the front and rear walls of the mortise; a series of screws threaded in the mouthpiece, the heads of the screws bearing against the roof of the mortise; and a holding-screw passing through the aperture in the stock from the upper side, and having its lower threaded end in engagement with said boss, the screw being of a less diameter than the narrower portion of the aperture through which it passes.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
H. S. WALTER,
W. J. WORAM.

No. 514,226 – Carpenter’s Plane (Charles S. Hinnershotz) (1894)

[paiddownloads id=”501″]514226

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHARLES S. HINNERSHOTZ, OF READING, PENNSYLVANIA.

CARPENTER’S PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 514,226, dated February 6, 1894.
Application filed February 4, 1893. Serial No. 460,977. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES S. HINNERSHOTZ, a citizen of the United States, residing at Reading, in the county of Berks, State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Carpenters’ Planes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates more particularly to bench planes adapted to be constructed wholly or largely of metal.

The main objects of the invention are, first, to simplify the construction, and the setting and fastening of the bit, and second to make the operation more satisfactory.

The novel features of the invention are fully described in connection with the accompanying drawings and are specifically pointed out in the subjoined claims.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a plane embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the stock or bed. Figs. 3 and 4 are separate views of the bit-iron and of the adjustable spring plate which forms a portion of the sole.

The stock or bed A as shown is a casting, of which the main part of the base plate a3 forms the rear portion of the sole while the part of said plate forward of the mouth c’ is raised to a higher plane and has secured to its under side by means of a screw bolt b at its forward end a spring plate A’, the rear free end of which extends to the mouth c’ and is capable of being pressed downward from its normal position by means of an adjusting screw b’. This adjustable plate thus forms the forward portion of the sole.

The bit iron C is a plain plate of steel ground to a cutting edge c and slightly curved. This is placed upon the upper face of the base plate a3 of the stock with which it may lie substantially parallel as shown, the curve however being sufficient to permit the cutting edge c to be projected through the mouth c’. It is clamped to the stock by means of a fastener D. This is provided with a clamping screw E as usual, which in pressing downward the rear end of the bit-iron upon the transverse rib a2 on the stock turns the fastener upon its fulcrum trunnions d3 which engage grooves a’ in the side walls a of the stock and causes the forward end d2 of the fastener to firmly clamp the forward end of the bit iron to the stock. This fastener is provided with a handle d and with a break-iron d’ which is carried upward in front of the handle and serves to effectually turn the shavings to one side.

By my improved construction I provide an exceedingly simple plane, very economical in manufacture yet more satisfactory in operation than any plane of its class with which I am acquainted.

Having thus fully described my invention I do not limit myself to the exact construction shown, but —

What I claim is —

The herein-described carpenter’s plane, consisting of the stock or bed, having the portion of the sole atthe rear of its mouth integral with it and the forward portion formed by a separate plate and adjustable to regulate the depth of the cut, said rear portion of the stock having a rib extending upward from its upper side; the curved bit-iron, extending through the mouth of the plane and engaging near its forward end the wall of said mouth and near its rear end the rib of stock; a combined handle and holder for the bit-iron, engaging the bit-iron at its forward end and fulcrumed to the stock near its said forward end; and an adjusting screw, engaging directly the handle at one end and the bit-iron at the other end, said screw serving to press downward and hold the rear end of the bit-iron against said rib and simultaneously to force and hold the forward end of the handle downward to clamp the forward end of the bit-iron against the stock, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES S. HINNERSHOTZ.

Witnesses:
ED. A. KELLY,
DAVID LEVAN.

No. 510,096 – Bench-Plane (Jacob Siegley) (1893)

[paiddownloads id=”497″]510096

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JACOB SIEGLEY, OF WILKES-BARRÉ, PENNSYLVANIA.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 510,096, dated December 5, 1893.
Application filed May 21, 1892. Serial No. 433,924. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JACOB SIEGLEY, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Wilkes-Barré, in the county of Luzerne and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to certain improvements in bench-planes, and the same consists of a cast-iron bottom and steel side-plates riveted to lugs of said bottom, and of a cap that is provided with a shoulder having set-screws, said shoulder resting on a transverse rod extending between the sides of the supporting frame and screws in said shoulder permitting the adjustment of the cap into higher or lower position, all of which will be fully described hereinafter and finally pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a side elevation of my improved bench-plane. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section of the same. Fig. 3 is a detail vertical transverse section on line 3 3, Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a bottom view of the front part of my improved bench-plane, and Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the throat-piece as detached from the plane.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the frame of my improved bench-plane, which is composed of a cast-iron bottom plate a, provided with lugs a’ that are cast integral therewith, and of upright steel side plates a2 which are attached by rivets that are inserted into the lugs or bosses a’, as shown clearly in Fig. 3. By making the sides of steel plates a much lighter and more durable frame for bench-planes is obtained. To the rear part of the bottom plate a is attached the main handle H, while the knob h at the front end of the plane is provided with a spindle h’ having a threaded lower end that takes into an interiorly-threaded boss B’ of a detachable throat-piece B which is supported against the underside by the front part a3 of the bottom of the frame A, said bottom being a short distance from the lower edge of the frame, so as to provide for the throat piece B and bring the under side of the same accurately at a level with the under side of the main part of the bottom plate a, as shown in Fig. 2. The throat piece can be adjusted toward the blade C and cap D of the latter, as the boss of the same permits the shifting action to a certain extent in the opening of the front part a3 of the bottom plate, the knob h with its spindle h’ serving to tightly retain the throat piece on the front part of of the bottom plate. The rear end of the throat piece is provided with an upwardly inclined flange b, along which the shavings pass, as they are out off by the edge of the blade, the said flange guiding the shavings and preventing them from curling in passing up through the throat of the plane. The cap D is made tapering at its lower end, so as to bear on the blade C, while the upper end is provided with a screw D’ by which the blade C is rigidly held in position in the stock of the plane. The under side of the blade is provided with transverse grooves m, that are engaged by the tooth e of a fulcrumed arm E, the forked lower end E’ of which is engaged by a collared sleeve F that is adjustable on a fixed screw G on the fixed block J of the frame A so as to adjust thereby the blade in the stock. The cap D is provided with shoulder d which rests against the transverse rod d’ that connects the upper part of the steel side plates a2, as shown in Fig. 2, said shoulder being provided with set-screws d2 the lower ends of which bear against the transverse rod d’ said set-screws serving for raising or lowering the cap, so as to adjust it accurately in its relative position to the blade. The under side of the main part of the bottom plate a and the under side of the throat piece B are provided with longitudinal corrugations f by which the friction of the bottom of the plane with the surface to be planed is considerably reduced and an easier working than with the solid smooth bottom produced.

The bench-plane described is light and durable and the shavings are not curled in passing through the throat of the plane. The bottom corrugations facilitate the working of the plane, while the cap can be adjusted into higher or lower position, so that it is readily adjusted into its proper relative position to the plane, even as the cutting edge of the same is ground off by use.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

l. A bench-plane, the frame or stock of which is formed of a cast-iron bottom having bosses or lugs, upright steel side plates and rivets for attaching said side plates to the bosses of the bottom, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with the stock of a bench-plane having a fixed transverse rod, of a blade, a cap supported on said blade, said cap being provided with a shoulder above the transverse rod and set screws passing through said shoulder so as to permit the adjustment of the cap relatively to the blade, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JACOB SIEGLEY.

Witnesses:
JOHN A. SAYER,
J. G. KAUFER.

No. 502,906 – Plane (Louis Hardt) (1893)

[paiddownloads id=”491″]502906

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

LOUIS HARDT, OF YUBA CITY, CALIFORNIA.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 502,906, dated August 8, 1893.
Application filed November 3, 1892. Serial No. 450,873. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LOUIS HARDT, a citizen of the United States, residing at Yuba City, Sutter county, State of California, have invented an Improvement in Planes; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

My invention relates to planes and it consists, broadly, in a stock the sole of which in advance of the main body portion and the bit iron is vertically and longitudinally adjustable with respect to the main body portion and bit iron, the adjustment in one direction causing the adjustment in the other direction whereby the depth of the cut and capacity of the throat are simultaneously increased.

The main object of my invention is to provide for an adjustable exposure of the cutting edge of the bit-iron without changing the position of the iron.

Another object is, by the peculiar adjustable front piece, to not only regulate the exposure of the cutting edge of the bit-iron, but also to vary the capacity of the throat.

The accomplishment of these objects results in providing a plane easily set to the different kinds of work, said plane having a perfect bearing surface or guide behind the knife, whereby it cuts true and smooth.

Referring to the accompanying drawings for a more complete explanation of my invention, — Figure 1 is a longitudinal, vertical section of my plane. Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse seetion on the line x–x of Fig. 1.

A is the flat-soled stock of the plane having the usual handle or toat B. In the stock is made the bed a in which is seated the bit-iron C held to place by the usual wedge D.

E is my movable or adjustable front piece of the stock. This is secured to the front of the stock in such a manner that it can move to and be fixed at diiferent heights, thereby exposing to a greater or less extent the cutting edge of the iron C. This front piece E forms the base or sole of the front portion of the stock, and it is obvious than when its sole is in line with the sole of the stock there is a perfectly smooth under surface throughout the length of the stock, and the cutting edge of the iron may come down to the plane of this surface, in which case it will not cut at all; but by moving the front piece E to a higher plane the cutting edge of the iron will be exposed, and by starting the plane at the end of the board it will cut a shaving equal in thickness to the exposure of said cutting edge, due to the elevation of the front piece E; or by starting the plane in the middle of the board and pressing down upon its forward edge, the cutting edge of the iron may catch a thin shaving and so start the necessary abutment or ridge behind which the iron may work forwardly, to plane the surface of the board. It is obvious that this movement of the piece E to different heights may be accomplished vertically, if desired. But I prefer, mainly for two reasons, namely, the accurate adjustment of the piece, and the varying of the capacity of the throat, to effect the imovement of the adjustable piece E upon an inclined plane, so that it moves both vertically and forwardly. To this end it will be seen that the top edge of the front piece E is inclined and fits under a corresponding incline on the undercut front of the stock in suitable guides therein, as shown in Fig. 2, so that its upward and forward movement is accurate. To hold this front piece in place and set it where adjusted, I have the following connections:

F is a vertical bolt passing down through an elongated slot a’ in the front portion of the stock and entering the piece E, its lower end engaging a nut f countersunk in said piece. The upper end of this bolt is provided with the head, furnishing a hand-hold G. By loosening this bolt the front piece E may be moved forwardly on its inclined plane, the bolt F moving in the slot a’; and it may be again tightened to hold the base E in the position desired.

In order to firmly secure the piece E, which on account of its inclined character, would be difficult with the bolt F alone, I have the horizontal stay bolt H which passes through an enlarged opening e in the movable front piece E, and enters the front of the stock A where it engages a countersunk nut h in said portion of the stock. This bolt has a head h’ whereby it may be easily operated. When bolt H is loosened the piece E may be moved. It will now be seen that by moving the front piece E forwardly and upwardly, its rear end will not only expose the cutting edge of the bit-iron C, but will also enlarge the throat. In a plane of this construction, there is no necessity for changing the position of the iron at all; but in case it be desired to reach hollow places the iron can be set out in the usual manner. For the planing of ordinary surfaces, however, the iron remains stationary and its set is effected by the adjustment of the front piece E. This plane has, therefore, a full and complete smooth bearing on the base or sole of its stock behind the iron, at all times, instead of as is usual, the formation of a hollow place behind a projecting iron, which has a tendency to produce a rocking of the stock.

In my plane a start can be made without resulting in a notch or imperfect place, and the set of the iron may be rapidly and accurately had by holding the plane at the end of the board and setting the front piece up to expose the required portion of the iron.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. In a plane, a stock the sole of which in advance of the main-body-portion and the bit-iron is vertically and longitudinally adjustable with respect to the main body-portion and bit-iron the adjustment in one direction causing the adjustment in the other direction, whereby the depth of the cut and capacity of the throat are simultaneously increased, substantially as herein described.

2. In a plane, a flat-soled stock having its forward end undercut on an upward incline in combination with a movable front piece forming the sole of the stock having a downward inclined upper surface in advance of the bit-iron, said piece having a downward inclined upper surface fitted under the inclined front of the stock, whereby it may move forwardly and upwardly to increase the exposure of the cutting edge of the iron and the capacity of the throat, substantially as herein described.

3. In a plane, a flat-soled stock having its forward end undercut on an upward incline, in combination with a movable front piece forming the sole of the stock in advance of the bit-iron, said piece having a downward inclined upper surface fitted under the inclined front of the stock whereby it may move forwardly and upwardly to increase the exposure of the cutting edge of the iron and the capacity of the throat, and suitable bolts connecting said front piece to the front of the stock, substantially as herein described.

4. In a plane, the combination of the flat-soled stock with its upward inclined undercut front, the fiat-soled movable front piece E of the stock having a downward inclined upper surface fitted to the inclined undercut front, and the securing bolt F fitted to said piece and movable in the front of the stock whereby the depth of the cut and the capacity of the throat are simultaneously increased, substantially as herein described.

5. In a plane, the combination of a flat sole stock with its upward inclined undercut front, the fiat sole movable front piece E of the stock having a downward inclined upper surface fitted to the undercut front the securing bolt F fitted to said piece and movable in the front of the stock, and the horizontal stay bolt F fitted to the front of the stock and piece E, whereby the depth of the cut and the capacity of the throat may be simultaneously increased, substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

LOUIS HARDT.

Witnesses:
H. A. SCHULTZE,
WM. F. BOOTH.

No. 485,923 – Truing Device For Bench-Planes (John Porcius Gage) (1892)

[paiddownloads id=”488″]485923

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN PORCIUS GAGE, OF VINELAND, NEW JERSEY.

TRUING DEVICE FOR BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 485,923, dated November 8, 1892.
Application filed March 31, 1892. Serial No. 427,209. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN PORCIUS GAGE, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Vineland, in the county of Cumberland and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Truing Devices for Bench-Planes; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

Figure 1 of the drawings is a representation of the device and is a perspective view. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of same.

This invention relates to certain novel devices for truing up or facing off the working or face side of carpenters’ bench-planes; and it consists in the novel construction and combination of parts, as hereinafter specified.

The invention more particularly consists in providing an abrasive surface held upon a suitable support in such a manner that all parts thereof will in so far as possible lie in the same plane, so that by rubbing the working face of the plane over such surface said face will be left perfectly true and smooth, which is a necessary qualification for a tool of this character. For truing up wooden planes this abrasive surface consists in a strip of ordinary sandpaper arranged in the manner above specified, while with metal planes emery-paper is employed.

In the accompanying drawings I have illustrated a convenient and effective manner of arranging the abrasive material, which consists in providing an elongated frame or table A, formed from a heavy metal casting having the horizontal portion B, the surface of which is in so far as possible a true plane, and is supported by the integral vertical depending flanges J, reinforced at intervals by the transverse portions K. Along the lateral outer faces of the flanges J are projecting lugs k, located at intervals, by means of which the table may be rigidly held in a stationary position in a suitable block or support. Over the upper surface of the horizontal portion B is tightly stretched a strip of sand or emery paper C, which is made secure at its ends in such a manner as to insure against an endwise or lateral displacement. In the drawings I have shown this as effected by bringing the ends of the paper over the ends of the frame or table and under depending flanges c, between which flanges and the ends D of the table are driven wedges P. Tapered wedges P are also driven under the paper from opposite sides against the flanges c. Should the paper become slack, these wedges may be driven in a greater distance. The heavy casting forming the table or support forms an effective means for the purpose, in that it is free from any vibration and renders the operation of the device very satisfactory. It will be understood, however, that I do not desire to limit myself to any especial devices for holding the paper in place, as such devices may be varied without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention.

Having described this invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The herein-described device for truing up the working faces of bench-planes and other articles, said device comprising a heavy oblong rectangular metal casting having a true upper horizontal surface and formed at its ends with the under transverse lugs and a strip or piece of material provided with an abrasive surface stretched tightly over the true surface of said casting, the ends of said strip or piece being extended over the ends of the casting and clamped in said under transverse lugs, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN PORCIUS GAGE.

Witnesses:
JOHN S. GAGE,
W. W. BENTHALL.

No. 468,362 – Carpenter’s Plane (Frank Phelps) (1892)

[paiddownloads id=”483″]468362

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

FRANK PHELPS, OF AUBURN, NEW YORK.

CARPENTER’S PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 468,362, dated February 9, 1892.
Application filed April 16, 1891. Serial No. 389,185. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK PHELPS, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of Auburn, county of Cayuga, State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Carpenters’ Planes, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings on one sheet, making part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in that class of carpenters’ cutting and surface, smoothing tools generally denominated as “planes,” the stock of which is composed of wood or similar material; and the objects are to secure in such planes the advantages of trueness and freedom from wear which obtain in planes the stock of which is made of metal and at the same time retain the advantages of lightness which pertains to planes having the stock made of wood or similar material. I attain these objects by facing the ends and the sole of the stock of said plane with suitable plates of metal in the manner illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which —

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a carpenteifs plane having a wood stock with my improvements aflixed thereto, the ends being shown in broken section, so that a clearer view may be afforded of the application of the same. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the upper side of the metal sole-plate. Fig. 3 is a section of the stock of the plane and metal sole-plate through the line x x of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrow z. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of one of the metal end plates, taken with its inner side next the point of view. Fig. 5 is an end section of a beading-plane, showing the under surface of the metal sole-plate formed for beading, but attached to the stock, as shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a plan view of the bottom side of the metal sole-plate.

Throughout the several figures similar letters refer to similar parts.

In Fig. 1 A is the wood stock of the plane. B is the metal sole-plate, and C C are the metal end plates, which are affixed thereto.

Referring to Fig. 2, the metal sole-plate B has formed therein in proper working position the transverse slot D, which corresponds to and fits when in place over the mouth E of the wood stock A.

Longitudinally and approximately in a central position on the upper surface of the metal sole-plate B is provided the flange F, which is formed at either side of the transverse slot D at proper working angles to correspond with those of the mouth E of the wood stock A. The forward and rearward ends of the flange F of the metal sole-plate B have V-shaped notches or seats G G, as seen in Fig.2, the object of which V-shaped notches will presently be explained.

Formed on the upper surface of the metal sole-plate B and constituting a part thereof are arranged at appropriate intervals between the flange F and either edge of said metal sole-plate B one or more series of vertical projections H H H, &c., which are uniformly provided near their upper ends with the barbs or notches I I I, &c., the object of which will be presently seen.

On the under surface of the metal sole-plate B are provided countersinks J J J, &c., 7 5 (see Fig. 6,) which may be regularly or irregularly arranged thereon, as desired, the said countersinks J J J, &c., being connected with each other in any desired pattern by the channels K K K, &c., the object of the said countersinks and their connecting-channels being to afford sufficient air so as to prevent any adhesion between the under surface of the metal sole~plate B and the plane surface with which it may be brought in contact.

Metal end plates C C are provided for the ends of the wood stook A of the plane, which are constructed substantially as follows: On their inner sides and forming a part thereof are formed the V-shaped projections L L in such position as will assure their engagement when adjusted to position with the V-shaped notches G G, which are formed in either end of the fiange F of the metal sole-plate B. Near either end of the inner sides of the metal end plates C C and constituting a part thereof are provided the projections M M, which are formed at right angles thereto and which are furnished with barbs or notches N N, the object of which will be presently explained. The upper ends of the metal end plates C C are turned into the segment of a circle, as shown, thus presenting a symmetrical outline and doing away with sharp and obtrusive corners.

The wood stock A of the plane has formed in a central longitudinal position of the sole thereof the groove a, the purpose of which will be presently explained.

Having thus described in detail the essential features of my invention, I will now describe their adjustment on the stock of the plane and their arrangement with relation to each other when such has been effected. The upper surface of the metal sole-plate B and the lower surface of the stock A of the plane are brought into immediate contact with each other by a compression brought to bear upon either or both powerful enough to force the several series of vertical projections H H H, &c., formed on the upper surface of the metal sole-plate B, which have been described, into the wood stock A of the plane, the fiber of which on retracting, after the said operation, engaging with and filling in beneath the barbs or notches I I I, &c., serves to assure the permanent fastening and securing together of the wood stock A and the metal sole-plate B. During this operation the flange F of the metal sole-plate B is entered in the groove a, Fig. 3, of the wood stock A, and thus serves to assure against any lateral displacement of the several parts described during and subsequent to the operation. The metal end plates C C are next brought into position on either end of the wood stock A of the plane by being forced by compression or by being driven thereon, as deemed most expedient. During this operation the V-shaped projections L L, which are formed on and project from their inner sides, engage with the V-shaped notches G G, which are formed in either end of the flange F of the metal sole-plate B and serve at the same time to bring the ends of the metal sole-plate B and the wood stock A of the plane into the closer contact and there lock them, as well as the lower ends of the said metal end pieces C C, into a joint with the ends of the metal sole-plate B, which project sufficiently beyond the ends of the wood stock A of the plane for that purpose. During this operation, also, the projections M M, which are provided on and project at right angles from the inner sides near either end of the said metal end plates C C, are forced into the wood of the wood stock A of the plane, the fiber of which, retracting, engages with and fills in behind the barbs or notches N N, formed thereon, thus substantially and permanently securing the metal end plates C C to the wood stock A of the plane and assisting, also, in the further permanent stability and securing of the ends of the metal sole-plate B, already described.

I am aware that metal plates for protecting and assuring the correctness of tools and instruments of precision, which are largely composed of wood and the said plates secured thereto in various ways, are and have for some time been in use; but I am not aware that such metal plates formed and arranged as has been described have been used in connection with carpenters’ planes or otherwise for the purpose and objects or in the manner set forth herein; therefore

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is —

I claim —

1. In a carpenter’s plane, the combination of a stock having a centrally-disposed longitudinal groove formed in its under surface with a metal sole-plate provided on its upper surface with a series of barbed vertical projections arranged near either side thereof, and a centrally-disposed longitudinal upwardly-projecting iiange, substantiallyin the manner and for the purpose herein described and specified.

2. In a carpenter’s plane, a stock having a centrally-disposed longitudinal groove formed in its under surface and a metal sole-plate provided on its upper surface with a series of barbed vertical projections arranged near either side thereof, a centrally-disposed longitudinal upwardly-projecting flange provided at either end with V-shaped notches, and a transverse slot D, in combination with the metal end plates provided on their inner sides with centrally-disposed V-shaped projections and near either end with barbed projections at right angles thereto, substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein specified and described.

3. In a carpenter’s plane, a stock having a centrally-disposed longitudinal groove formed in its under surface, a metal sole-plate provided on its upper surface with a series of barbed vertical projections arranged near either side thereof, a centrally-disposed longitudinal upwardly-projecting flange provided at either end with V-shaped notches, a transverse slot D, and the lower surface of said sole-plate provided with countersinks connected with each other by channels, and metal end plates provided on their inner sides with centrally-disposed V-shaped projections and near either end with barbed projections at right angles thereto, the whole combined and arranged in the manner and for the purpose herein described and specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 2d day of April, A. D. 1891.

FRANK PHELPS.

Witnesses:
JOHN J. TROWBRIDGE,
W. N. JENNINGS.

No. 458,676 – Hand-Plane (James H. Ferguson) (1891)

No. 458,676 – Hand-Plane (James H. Ferguson) (1891)

[paiddownloads id=”477″]458676

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JAMES H. FERGUSON, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

HAND-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 458,676, dated September 1, 1891.
Application filed April 16, 1889. Serial No. 307,485. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES H. FERGUSON, of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Hand-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

My improvement is designed more particularly for planing the sides of electrotype or stereotype plates, but it may be employed for other purposes.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly in section, showing a plane embodying my improvement. Fig. 2 is a plan or top view of the same. Fig. 3 is an end view of the same. Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation illustrating a modification, certain of the parts being broken away to save space. Fig. 5 is a vertical section of the same, taken on the line x x, Fig. 4, certain of the parts shown in Fig. 4 being removed. Fig. 6 is a view in elevation, partly in section, illustrating how my improvement may be employed with another kind of plane.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures.

In the example of my improvement illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, and 3 the body of the plane is made in the form of a box and is formed of a single piece of metal — as, for instance, by casting. Near its forward end the face of the plane is provided with an elastic portion A, which normally occupies an elevated position, but which may be pressed downwardly at its inner end portion l, so as to regulate the depth of cut which will be made by the plane-iron E. In order to cause the requisite degree of elasticity, the portion A is separated throughout its length and upon its sides from the sides of the plane-body D by slits or slots b, which extend through the metal of the portion A and upwardly through the end A’ of the plane-body D. It will be seen that by pressing downwardly the inner end portion of the portion A its position may be deflected to any desired extent in order to increase the depth of cut which will be made by the plane-iron. In order to accomplish this deflecting of the portion A, I have shown a screw e, having bearings in a cross-piece d, secured in the sides of the plane-body. By manipulating this screw the deflecting or bending of the portion A may be regulated to any desired extent.

In the example of my improvement shown in Figs. 4 and 5 the operation is precisely like that just described; but there is some slight difference in the mode of constructing the slit or slot b. In this example the slot extends along the sides of the plane-body and downwardly at the inner end of the portion A. Of course the outer end of the portion A is not separate from the sides of the plane-body, except to the thickness of the sides of the body.

In Fig. 6 I have shown the application of the improvement to a so-called “jack-plane” having a body of cast metal. When used with the jack-plane, either one of the means for separating the portion A, so that it will be elastic, may be employed which I have described in the other examples of my improvement shown. I have, however, illustrated that as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3.

In all the examples of my improvement shown the portion A when occupying a normal position stands back slightly from the other part of the face of the plane, so that when in such a position the plane-iron will be capable of making its maximum cut.

It will be seen that by my improvement I provide a very inexpensive and ready means for varying the depth of cut which may be made by the plane-iron without going to the necessity of adjusting the plane-iron separately; or, in other words, the plane-iron once having been set it will not be necessary to alter it in order to obtain any desired adjustment for depth of cut.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The combination, with a plane-body made in one integral piece and having a portion of its face near one end elastic, but formed integral therewith, of an adjusting device operating upon said elastic portion to cause a deflection thereof, said elastic portion normally occupying a position whereby it is set in beyond the face, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

JAMES H. FERGUSON.

Witnesses:
FREDK. HAYNES,
JOHN BICKEL.

No. 453,524 – Bench-Plane (Saverio Tuoti) (1891)

[paiddownloads id=”474″]453524

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

SAVERIO TUOTI, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 453,524, dated June 2, 1891.
Application filed August 7, 1888. Serial No. 282,165. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAVERIO TUOTI, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Bench-Plane, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to bench-planes for wood-workers’ use, and has for its object to provide a simple, easy-working, efficient, and durable plane of this character.

The invention consists in certain novel features of construction and combinations of parts of the plane, all as hereinafter described and claimed.

Reference is to be had to the accoinpanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of my improved bench-plane, taken on the line x x in Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the plane partly broken away and in section. Fig. 3 is a bottom face view of the plane partly broken away. Fig. 4 is a vertical transverse section of the plane, taken on the line y y in Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a cross-section taken on the line z z in Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a top perspective view of the plane iron or cutter, and Fig. 7 is a detail perspective view of the nut and part of the screw by which the cutter is adjusted endwise.

The plane-stock A is made with the usual top recess a, which opens to a throat or passage a’, up through which escape the shavings made by the cutter B, which rests on or at the inclined bottom face or wall of the recess.

In the plane-stock and at the lower inclined wall of the recess a there is formed a groove or recess to accommodate a screw C, which is fitted at its forward end in a metal step-bearing c, set into the stock, and at its rear part is reduced in diameter at two places c’ c2, which form journals which are fitted, respectively, to a split box or bearing D and a block E. The two halves or parts of the bearing D are screwed or otherwise fixed to the plane-stock, and the block E is also a nut, into which is fitted a transversely-ranging screw F, which is journaled to or in the plane-stock and cannot move endwise, and has a head or finger-piece f which is accommodated in a recess made in the side of the plane-stock and does not project beyond the stock, and thus does not interfere with the free working of the plane.

The nut E is provided with an upper lug e, which fits laterally within the slot b’ of the plane iron or bit B, and the nut is laterally slotted at e’, where the main adjusting-screw C passes through it, and whereby as the screw F is turned the nut E may be caused to move laterally either way in the plane-stock, and the nut-lug e will shift the back end of the plane-iron laterally to adjust the cutting-edge of the iron properly with relation to the working-face of the plane either before or after the iron has been adjusted endwise by the main screw C, working in a nut G, fitted on it, and as presently explained. It will be noticed that the bearing and nut D E, by fitting the reduced parts of the screw C, prevent endwise motion of the screw.

The nut G is preferably formed with pendent end lugs g’ g’, into which the screw C is fitted, and at its upper face the nut is provided with a series of transverse notches g, into which one or more transverse bars b, which cross the plane-iron slot b’, are adapted to enter when the plane-iron is adjusted in the stock.

The wedge H is provided at its lower face with a plate I, which is fixed to the wedge at one end and at its other or free end is adapted to bear on a cross-bar b of the plane-iron or on the adjusting-nut or on both the cross-bar and nut, and onto which the plate I, which is preferably elastic, may be forced by a screw J, fitted into the wedge and preferably into a metal nut j, set into it. The forward end or part of the wedge enters beneath a cross bar or rod K, fixed in the stock across its recess a, and the bar forms a fulcrum on which the wedge will rock when the screw J is tightened to cause its extrerne front end h’ to clamp the plane-iron down hard to the plane-stock very near the cutting-edge of the iron, and thus firmly hold it to prevent chattering of it when the plane is in use and assuring smooth clean work. The effect in this respect would be the same were the plate I dispensed with, in which case the screw J would bear directly on the plane-iron or on its adjusting-nut; but the plate I is preferably used, as it guards the plane-iron or its nut from injury by the end of the screw and assures a better clamping action of the wedge than would be afforded without it.

The screw C is provided at its rear end with a bevel-pinion c3, which meshes with a like pinion l3 on a short shaft l2, journaled in a bearing l’ on the plane-stock and provided with a head or finger-piece l, by turning which the screw C will be turned to shift the nut G for adjusting the plane-iron endwise for a finer or coarser cut, and which may be done without loosening the wedge-clamping screw. When the plane iron or cutter wears so it cannot be set farther ahead by operating the screw, the cross-bar b of the iron may be set into another front notch g after the nut is run back on the screw, this adjustment allowing all the tempered forward part of the iron to be used.

The plane-stock has the usual back and front handles A’ A2, andis also provided with a working-face of peculiar construction, the front part of which face is made adjustable backward or forward to narrow or broaden the shaving-throat a’ of the plane-stock, and as will next be described.

The larger section or portion M of the plane-face and its smaller adjustable section or portion N are made on the same general principle, or with a metal frame having strips of hard wood inserted in longitudinal grooves thereof. The face-section M is made with a cast-metal frame O, which has a broad cross-bar o behind the shaving-throat a’ of the plane-stock and beveled at the upper face to give substantial support to the plane-iron and to prevent undue wear of that part of the plane-face just behind the cutting-edge of the iron or at the back of the shaving-throat of the plane-stock, which usually wears quickly when made wholly or partly of wood. From each side of the cross-bar o there projects a forward ex-
tension o’ of the metal frame O, which form forward side parts m m of the main face-section M. These parts o’ o’ give support to the front sliding section N of the plane-face, as presently described, and at their front ends and above the section N they are connected and braced by a fIange-piece or bar m’, which is screwed to the front end of the plane-stock and really forms the front cross-bar or part of a flange o2, which projects upward all around the frame O and above its solid top plate o3 far enough to receive screws o4, which pass through the flange to hold the frame O and its front extensions o’ o’, or, in other words, the entire main plane-face section M m m, securely to the plane-stock.

Behind the metal cross-bar o and within the margin of the frame O said frame is provided with a series of longitudinally-ranging thin metal ribs or plates o5, which are cast on the back plate o3 of the frame and are set apart to provide spaces or form grooves between them, and into which are tightly fitted a series of hard-wood strips P, and the forward extensions o’ o’ of the frame O are also made hollow to accommodate like strips P, as most clearly shown in Figs. 3, 4, and 5 of the drawings.

The plane-face section N consists of a metal frame R, the inner face-plate r of which is provided with side tongues r’ r’, which enter grooves made in the opposite front side extensions m m of the main plane-face section M. On the plate r and between end lips or flanges r2 r2 of the frame R there is cast a series of lips or plates r3, set apart to provide between them a series of grooves or spaces, into which are tightly fitted a series of hard-wood strips S, like those P of the other face-section M.

In the forward end of the plane-stock and above its face-section N is provided a transverse slot or groove t, which accommodates a nut-block T, fitted to threads of a screw U, which is journaled in the plane-stock and traverses the recess t, and is provided at one end with a finger-piece or head u, which works in a recess at the side of the stock, so as to be out of the way in working the plane. The ends of the lower part of the nut T are inclined the same way horizontally, and are preferably rounded a little, so as to enter a diagonally-ranging slot V, which is formed at the inner face of the adjustable plane-face section N and preferably in the back of the metal frame R of said section. It is obvious that as the screw U is turned in one direction the nut T will slide in the plane-stock recess t, which guides it laterally, and also in the diagonal recess V’ of the movable plane-face section N, and will slide said section forward to open the throat a’ farther or make it broader, and that by turning the screw U in the other direction the face-section N will be moved backward nearer to the cutting-edge of the plane-iron to narrow the shaving-throat a’ of the plane, as the nature of the work to be done may require.

It will be seen that the plane-iron B sets at quite a sharp angle with the working-face of the plane. Consequently it will cut very easily, and this feature, combined with the simple and efiicient means provided for adjusting the plane-iron endwise and laterally, as hereinbefore explained, and the adjustability of the face-section N to regulate the size of the shaving-throat a’, insures true and smooth working of the plane on any quality or grade of lumber, whether it be soft or hard.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. The combination, with the plane-stock and its bit, of the longitudinal!y-extending screw having a bevel-gear on its outer end, a nut connecting the screw and the bit, and the transverse shaft l2, mounted on the stock under the upper end of the bit and having a bevel-gear at its inner end meshing with the screw-gear and provided at its outer end with an operating-handle, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with the plane-stock, of a cutter and a longitudinal screw in the stock, a nut on the screw engaging the cutter for adjusting it endwise, a transversely-ranging screw, a nut thereon engaging the cutter for adjusting it laterally, and said nut slotted transversely for passage of the longitudinal screw, all arranged for operation substantially as herein set forth.

3. The combination, with the plane-stock, of a composite metal and wood main face-section in rear of the throat and having front side extensions m m extending to the front end of the stock, and an adjustable front face-section fitted to slide longitudinally in said side extensions to regulate the size of the shaving-throat of the plane, substantially as herein set forth.

4. The combination, with the plane-stock, of a composite metal and wood main rear face-section having longitudinally-extending front side extensions m m, and an adjustable front face-section fitted to slide in said extensions, said main face-section provided with an upwardly-projecting flange receiving the body of the plane-stock and provided with screw or other fastenings holding the face to the stock, substantially as herein set forth.

5. The combination, with the plane-stock, of a face consisting of a main section M, having opposite front side extensions m m and comprising a metal frame having inserted wooden strips, and an adjustable front face-section fitted to slide in the extensions m to regulate the shaving-throat of the plane, substantially as herein set forth.

6. The combination, with the plane-stock, of a face consisting of a main section having opposite front side extensions and an adjustable front face-section fitted to said extensions and comprising a metal frame having inserted wooden strips, substantially as herein set forth.

7. The combination, with the plane-stock, of a face made with a main section M, having front extensions m m and consisting of a metal frame O, having a cross-bar o behind the plane-throat and front extensions o’ o’, division plates or ribs O5, and wood strips P, set between the plates or ribs O5 and in the extensions o’, an adjustable front section N, fitted to slide in the extensions m m and consisting of a metal frame R, having division-plates r3, and wood strips S, set next said plates, and said frame O having an upwardly-projecting flange o2, receiving screw or other fastenings to hold the face to the plane-stock, substantially as herein set forth.

8. The combination, with the plane-stock or guides thereon, of a front endwise-adjustable face-section provided with a diagonal slot or recess, a transverse screw in the stock, and a nut fitted to said screw and to the diagonal slot of the adjustable face-section, substantially as shown and described, whereby as the screw is turned said face-section will be shifted to narrow or widen the shaving-throat of the plane, substantially as herein set forth.

9. The combination, with the plane-stock provided with a transverse groove t and a front endwise-adjustable face-section, as N, provided with a diagonal groove or recess V, of a screw U, journaled at said groove t, and a nut T, fitted on said screw and having upper and lower parts fitting the grooves t V, respectively, substantially as herein set forth.

SAVERIO TUOTI.

Witnesses:
HENRY L. GOODWIN,
C. SEDGWICK.

No. 371,482 – Bench-Plane (Eamor A. Teed And Frank B. Low) (1887)

[paiddownloads id=”425″]371482

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

EAMOR A. TEED, OF LOWELL, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO JOEL A. BARTLETT,
OF CHELMSFORD, AND FRANK B. LOW, OF LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 371,482, dated October 11, 1887.
Application filed March 12, 1887. Serial No. 230,651. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EAMOR A. TEED, a citizen of the United States, residing at Lowell, in the county of Middlesex and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to bench-planes; and it consists in the means, hereinafter described, whereby the stock of the plane may in effect be lengthened to enable one plane to serve the purpose of one or more planes of greater length than the plane to which the improvement is applied.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is an isometric perspective view of a plane with my improvement applied thereto; Fig. 2, an isometric perspective view of my improvement detached; Fig. 3, a vertical cross section on the line x x in Fig. 5; Fig. 4, a central longitudinal section of the rear part of the plane proper and the rear part of my improvement; Fig. 5, a central vertical section of my improvement and a side elevation of the plane.

The improvement, hereinafter described, may be applied to any so-called “iron bench-plane” — that is, a bench-plane having an iron stock — and is here shown as used in connection with a “Bailey smooth-plane,” the construction of which is well known and needs no particular description.

lt is sufficient to say that A represents the stock, a the plane-iron, and H H’ the plane-handles.

The only change that requires to be made in the plane proper to enable my improvement to be applied to it is to form two grooves, a’, one on each side of the stock leading from near the point of the same to said point, and providing the handle H’ with a depression, h, for purposes hereinafter stated.

My improvement consists of a shoe, S, which in general appearance is like the bottom and sides of the stock, but longer, and provided with an opening, s, through the bottom of the same, of a shape and size adapted to receive and fit the sole of the stock A. The shoe S is provided with pins s’, (shown in Figs. 2, 3,and 5,) adapted to enter the grooves a’ and to fit the same, and is also provided with a vertical post, s2, arranged in the rear of the slot s, which vertical post supports an inclined screw, s3, the head s4 of which is preferably milled to enable it to be turned readily by the fingers, the point of said screw entering the depression h, above mentioned as being formed in the handle H’, to prevent the rear end of the plane from rising out of the slot s. The relative positions of the grooves a’, pins s’, screw s3, and depression h, are such as to hold the sole of the stock A and the bottom of the shoe S in the same plane, the rear ends of the grooves a’ being at the same height above the sole of the stock as the pins s’ are above the bottom of the shoe, and the deepest part of the depression h fitting the point of the screw s3 and being at the same height above the sole of the stock as the point of said screw, when turned into said depression, is above the bottom of the shoe. The depression h, instead of being made directly in the wood of the handle, is preferably made in the head of a metallic screw, h’, driven into the handle against the screw h2, which secures the handle H’ to the detachable face-plate.

The plane is inserted in the shoe-point first and pushed forward until the pins s’ reach the rear ends of the grooves a’, and the rear of the plane is then depressed until the lower surfaces of the stock A and the shoe S are in the same plane. loosening the screw s3 the rear end of the plane may be lifted out of the slot s, and the stock being then drawn backward is disengaged from the shoe.

By means of the improvement above described a common smooth-plane can be used with the shoe as a fore-plane or jointer, and the expense of such a shoe is trifling compared with the cost of a plane, and the time required to apply or remove the shoe is of no importance.

I claim as my invention —

1. A shoe provided with a slot adapted to receive a plane-stock and means, substantially as described, of holding the bottom of said shoe in the same plane with the bottom of said stock, as and for the purpose specified.

2. The combination of the plane having a handle, and having a stock provided with grooves near its point, and a shoe slotted to receive said stock, and having inwardly-projecting pins adapted to enter and fits said grooves, and having a post, a screw turning in said-post and thrusting into a depression with which said handle is provided to hold the lower surfaces of said stock and shoe in the same plane, as and for the purpose specified.

EAMOR A. TEED.

Witnesses:
ALBERT M. MOORE,
EDWARD W. THOMPSON.

Corrections in Letters Patent No. 371,482.

It is hereby certified that the name of one of the assignees in Letters Patent No. 371,482, granted October 11, 1887, upon the application of Eamor A. Teed, of Lowell, Massachusetts, for an improvement in “Bench-Planes,” was erroneously written and printed “Frank B. Low,” whereas said name should have been written and printed Frank B. Dow. Also that errors appear in the printed specification requiring correction as follows: In line 75, page 1, the word “face-plate” should read shoe and in line 76, same page, the hyphen between the words “shoe” and “point” should be stricken out; and that the Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed, countersigned, and sealed this 8th day of November, A. D. 1887.

[SEAL.]

D. L. HAWKINS,
Acting Secretary of the Interior.

Countersigned:
R. B. VANCE,
Acting Commissioner of Patents.