Tag: Molding Planes

No. 1,166,437 – Plane (Herbert G. Collins) (1916)

[paiddownloads id=”708″]1166437

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

HERBERT G. COLLINS, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO SARGENT &
COMPANY, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

1,166,437. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Jan. 4, 1916.
Application filed November 12, 1913. Serial No. 800,561.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HERBERT G. COLLINS, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to planes, and more particularly to the means for adjusting the cutter and clamping it in position.

The improvements are particularly applicable to molding planes, but may also be used in connection with planes of other types.

The primary objects of the invention are to provide improved and simplified means for clamping the bit or cutter in the desired adjustment; to furnish simple and effective means for adjusting the cutter longitudinally; and to improve the general construction and operation of devices of the class to which my invention relates.

To these and other ends, the invention consists in the novel features and combinations of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the main stock of a molding plane embodying my improvements; Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the cutter clamping and adjusting means, looking from the opposite side of the plane; Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the parts shown in Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a section on line 4–4 of Fig. 2; Fig. 5 is an enlarged section on line 5–5 of Fig. 1; Fig. 6 is a detail showing the clamp in position to release the bit or cutter; Fig. 7 is a detail showing the seat for the cutter and clamp; Figs. 8, 9 and 10 are details of the clamp; Fig. 11 is a detail of the clamping nut; Fig. 12 is a detail of the clamping nut socket; Fig. 13 is a section on line 13–13 of Fig. 1; and Fig. 14 is a detail of the bit or cutter.

Referring to the drawings, I have shown my improvements applied to the main stock 20 of a molding plane, which stock is provided with a handle 21 and throat 22 of usual form. A bit or cutter 23 is clamped against the side of the stock by means of a clamp 24 in such a manner as to project into the throat 22. The clamp 24 is operated by a clamp nut 25 located at that side of the stock opposite the cutter, and the cutter is adjusted lengthwise, i. e., into and out of the throat 22 by means of an adjusting screw 26, engaging a threaded socket 27 at the top of the stock and cooperating with the cutter in the manner to be presently described.

Referring particularly to Fig. 7, it will be noted that the cutter 23 and clamp 24 are partially accommodated in a recess or seat 28 formed in one side of the stock. At the lower portion of the recess is a laterally extending ledge or flange 29, which assists in supporting the cutter from beneath. Opposite the ledge or flange 29, i. e., at the top of the recess 28, is a somewhat similar projecting ledge or flange 30, against which fits the upper edge or surface of the clamp 24. The lower or under surface 31 of the ledge 30 is located in a plane somewhat out of perpendicular with respect to the vertical longitudinal plane of the stock, and said surface 31 cooperates with a correspondingly inclined surface 32 at the upper part of the clamp.

The lower surface 33 of the clamp is parallel with the cutter seating surface of the ledge 29. The cutter is clamped tightly in its seat by drawing the clamp 24 laterally into the recess 28. In doing this, the inclined surfaces 31, 32 of the ledge 30 and clamp 24 respectively cooperate in such a manner as to force the lower surface 33 of the clamp tightly against the cutter.

In the embodiment shown, the clamp 24 is adjusted by means of a threaded shank 35 extending laterally therefrom through an opening 36 in the stock, and engaging interior threads of the clamping nut 25 previously mentioned. The opening or bore 36 in the stock is of somewhat greater diameter than the shank 35, so that the latter will have a certain amount of clearance. The nut 25 is suitably fixed against lengthwise movement, as by means of a collar 37, engaging a grooved socket 38 at the side of the stock, as shown in Fig. 4. Assuming that the shank 35 and nut 25 are provided with the usual right-hand threads, rotation of the nut 25 in a clockwise direction will draw the clamp 24 laterally into its seat to clamp the cutter tightly in position, as shown in Fig. 3. When the nut 25 is turned in a counter-clockwise direction, the clamp 24 will be forced laterally out of its seat, and the clearance in the bore 35 will allow the clamp to swing away from and release the cutter as the inclined surface 32 of the clamp slides outward along the cooperating surface 31 of the stock.

In assembling the device, the nut 25, which preferably has a circular milled head, is entered laterally into its socket 38, which is permitted by having said socket open throughout a portion of its periphery, as shown at 38a in Fig. 12. As the nut is slipped into its socket, it will be held against lengthwise movement by the engagement of its collar 37 with the corresponding groove in the socket, and the shank 35 of the clamp will be passed through the hole 36 to engage the threads of the nut in an obvious manner. As the nut is held against displacement in an axial direction, the clamp 24 must move laterally into and out of its seat, as the nut is turned in opposite directions respectively. During the inward movement, the portion 30 of the stock acts as a cam to force the clamp toward the cutter-supporting portion or ledge. In the outward movement of the clamp, the clearance around the shank of the latter permits the clamp to move away from the cutter.

The lengthwise adjusting screw 26 for the cutter is provided with a filled head 26a having at its lower portion an annular shoulder 26b The shoulder 26b projects axially relative to the adjusting screw. Below the shoulder 26b is a shoulder 26c projecting perpendicularly relative to the adjusting screw. The shoulder 26c engages a notch 23b formed in the side of the cutter, so that as the adjusting screw is turned in one or the other direction the cutter will be moved into or out of the throat. The shoulder 26b of the adjusting screw engages a notch 23a at the top of the cutter and effectively holds the cutter in engagement with the shoulder 26c. Movement of the cutter in an outward direction relatively to its seat, i. e., away from the side of the stock, is prevented by the engagement of the shoulder 26b with the notch 23a and by the engagement of the clamp with the body portion of the cutter.

The foregoing description is necessarily a detailed one in so far as it concerns the particular embodiment of my invention selected for illustration.

Various modifications of the construction may be adopted within the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.

What I claim is:

1. In a plane, the combination of a stock having a cutter seat opening outwardly at one side of the plane, a cutter in said seat, a clamp for the cutter, a lengthwise adjusting screw for said cutter at the opposite side of the plane socketed in the stock, at one side of, and approximately parallel to said cutter, and a shoulder on said screw directed axially of the latter and engaging a shoulder at the upper portion of the cutter, whereby said screw prevents lateral displacement of the cutter relative to said cutter seat, as the cutter is adjusted by the screw; substantially as described.

2. In a plane, a cutter seat, a cutter having a notch at one side edge, and a notch at the top edge, in combination with a lengthwise adjusting screw, having a perpendicular shoulder to engage with the first named notch, and an axial shoulder to engage with the second named notch, the cutter seat opening out at the side of the plane opposite the adjusting screw, substantially as described.

3. In a plane, the combination of a stock having a cutter seat at one side, a cutter in said seat, having a notch at the top edge and a notch in the side edge toward the stock, a clamp for the cutter, a lengthwise adjusting screw for said cutter, socketed in the stock at one side of, and approximately parallel to said cutter, a shoulder on said screw, engaging the notch in the side edge of the cutter to provide for the upward and downward adjustment of the latter, and a second shoulder on said screw directed axially of the screw and engaging the notch at the upper edge of the cutter, whereby said screw prevents lateral displacement of the cutter relative to its seat., as the cutter is moved up and down by said screw, the cutter seat opening out at the side of the plane opposite the adjusting screw; substantially as described.

4. In a plane, the combination with a stock, of a cutter mounted therein, and means for adjusting the cutter longitudinally including an adjusting screw operatively mounted on the stock, said screw having a projecting portion extending axially thereof and the cutter having a slot extending longitudinally thereof in which said projecting portion may fit for rotation and interlock to prevent lateral displacement of the cutter in either direction edgewise thereof.

5. In a plane, the combination with the stock having a cutter receiving portion opening outwardly at one side of the plane, of a cutter mounted therein, and means located at the opposite side of the plane for adjusting the cutter having a part adapted to engage a complementary part of the cutter to project the cutter with reference to the stock, and having another part adapted to engage another complementary part of the cutter to prevent lateral displacement of the cutter.

6. In a plane, the combination with a cutter seat opening toward one side thereof, an adjusting device located inwardly of said seat, said adjusting device having an undercut bit receiving portion and a shoulder therebelow, and a bit having a longitudinally extending projection adapted to be introduced into the undercut portion of the adjusting device when the bit occupies an inclined position and the bit having a portion adapted to engage the shoulder of the adjusting device when the bit is shifted from said inclined position to a position parallel to its seat, whereby the adjusting device will interlock with the bit to eifect raising and lowering of the bit substantially as described.

7. A bit for planes of the character described, having a cutting edge at one end thereof, a notch in the opposite end of the same, and a notch in one of its side edges located near said notched end substantially as and for the purpose described.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand on the 10th day of November, 1913.

HERBERT G. COLLINS.

Witnesses:
LE ROY L. SHELTON,
MABEL A. BUSSE.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 890,575 – Plane (John L. Pringle) (1908)

[paiddownloads id=”655″]890575

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN L. PRINGLE, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

890,575. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Jun. 9, 1908.
Application filed November 20, 1905. Serial No. 288,128.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN L. PRINGLE, a subject of the King of Great Britain, and residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and Improved Plane, of which the following is a specification.

My improvement relates to the class of hand tools used for working upon the surface of boards and the like for smoothing or for grooving, or for similar purposes, and the object of my invention is to provide a plane which shall be simple and cheap in construction, few as to the number of parts, and one which may be put to all of the varied uses to which this class of devices are subjected.

One form of device in the use of which the desired object may be attained is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which —

Figure 1 is a perspective view illustrating the bottom and one side of a plane embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a like view looking from the opposite side of the plane. Fig. 3 is an end view showing the bottom gage-sole used as a side gage. Fig. 4 is what may be termed an illustrative view showing the application of my improvement in cutting a tongue on the edge of a board. Fig. 5 is a like view showing the improvement adapted to the formation of a molding. Fig. 6 is a like view showing the improved tool adapted to cut a groove in the edge of a board. Fig. 7 is a like view showing the improved tool as applied to cutting a concaved surface. Fig. 8 is a view illustrating a modified form of the adjustable gage-sole.

In the accompanying drawings the letter a denotes the body or stock of tlie plane, b a knob or handheld at the forward end, and c a handle located at or near the rear end and on the upper surface of the body part in the usual manner. The body part may be constructed of wood or of any other desired material common to tools of this class. The body part is also provided with a depthwise opening d in which the blade or bit e is located. All of these parts may be of any ordinary and well-known construction.

In carrying out my invention I provide a vertically adjustable secondary sole 1 secured preferably to the side part of the body of the plane, and a laterally adjustable gage-sole 2 which is located underneath the body. The sole 1 includes a plate extendin lengthwise of the body part of the plane, this plate being of proper width and thickness for the purposes in hand, and as shown herein, and as ears 4–5 projecting from the upper edge thereof. These ears are provided with slots 6 through which adjusting studs or screws 7 extend for the purpose of holding the plate in any position of vertical adjustment. An opening 8 is also formed through the ear 5 through which cutting tools or blades of various form may project.

The gage-sole 2 has slots 9 extending laterally thereof formed therein, and studs or screws 10 projecting through these slots into the body of the plane serve as a means of securing the shoe in any position of lateral adjustment. The heads of the screws 10 are located well within the slots, the latter being shouldered to receive the head of the screw. These slots 9 are located at equal distances from the ends of the sole so that the latter may be reversed end for end for certain purposes to be hereinafter described.

It will be seen from the above description and the accompanying illustration that by removing the soles 1 and 2 the plane may be used for all the purposes of a smoothing plane or other surfaces. By placing the secondary sole 1 in position and providing the proper cutting blade the plane may serve the purpose of a plow. By placing the gage-sole 2 and adjusting it in proper position laterally on the bottom of the body part with a proper shaped blade in position, the plane may be used to out moldings of different form. By properly adjusting the soles 1 and 2 with respect to each other and using a blade of proper form articles may be formed of curved shape or round.

The gage-sole 2 is provided on one edge with a recess 14 the walls of which are located preferably at right-angles to each other. When this groove is employed what may be termed the horizontally arranged wall 15 will serve as the bottom proper or sole of the plane, in connection, of course, with the secondary sole 1, and the side or vertically arranged wall 16 will form a gage.

The gage-sole 2 is provided with blade recesses 17 and 18. These recesses are formed to receive one side of the blade of a bit when the tool is used for certain purposes. As shown in Fig. 2, the recess 17 covers one side of the cutting edge of a comparatively wide bit, so that the pidane with such bit may be used as a fillister plane.

By adjusting the gage-sole 2 vertically and laterally, as shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings, and also by adjusting the second ary sole 1 it will be seen that the plane is readily adapted for cutting various forms of moldings, the blade 18 being, of course, properly adjusted.

By adjusting the parts as shown in Fig. 4 the device is adapted for cutting a tongue on the edge of a board, the bit 19 having one of the prongs lying within the opening 8 in the vertical guide, and the other prong extending through the shoulder 15, the edges of these being shown projecting as at 20 in Fig. 4. By reversing the gage-sole 2 and moving it to the position shown in Fig. 6 the device may be used for cutting a groove on the edge of a board, the same knife as shown in Fig. 4 being employed, and that point located within the opening in the secondary sole 1 cutting the groove and the other point being located within the recess 18 in the sole 2, as shown in dotted outline in Fig. 6.

If a circular or curved recess is to be reduced then a blade 21, as shown in Fig. 7 of the drawings, may be used, having its cutting edge of proper form, the extreme curved edge of the blade being located just in advance of the sole 1, and the sole 2 being emlployed as a guide.

In order to adapt the sole 2 for vertical adjustment adjusting supports are mounted on the arms 11, these consisting of a sleeve 22 having set screws 23 with wings 24 bearing adjusting screws 25 which engage threaded sockets in the surface of the gage-sole 2. When the gage-sole 2 is used with the recess 14 facing the secondary sole 1, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 4, and 5 of the drawings, the screws 10 may be turned out of the stock a or may be removed entirely. It is also obvious that when the gage-sole 2 is used as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the adjusting screws 25 are not absolutely essential, a though they form a means of support for the projecting edge of the sole.

While the secondary sole 1 has been shown herein as adjustable it is obvious that advantageous results would follow its use in a plane in which it was rigidly secured to the stock without any means of adjustment, but by providing the adjustment I secure all of the advantages present in the late as used in either of the ways mentioned.

In the form of adjustable sole shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the gage-sole is reversed end for end when it is desired to employ the sole as a gage. In Fig. 8 I have adapted this form of the invention so that the sole need not be so reversed when it is to be employed as a gage. In this form of the invention I construct the gage-sole in two parts, a main section 26 and an adjustable section 27. The main section is rovided with a groove 29, and the adjustable section with a shouldered groove 30, a screw 28 to take the place of the screws 10 hereinbefore described for holding the parts in engagement and for holding the sole as a whole in place on the sole or bottom of the plane. It will be seen from this construction that with the parts adjusted as shown in Fig. 8 the device is applicable for the same use as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. By loosening the screw and moving the adjustable section 27 so that the edges are flush, then the sole is adapted for a gage, as illustrated in Fig. 3. It will be noted that the parts 1 and 2 act as soles for the plane, that is, they support the plane in a direction depthwise thereof, the secondary sole 1 supporting the plane when grooves, tongues and the like are being cut, and the gage-sole in connection with the secondary sole supporting the plane as when moldings, and rabbets are cut. It will be noted that when either of the soles 1 and 2 are employed the sole proper of the plane is not in use, the latter mainly being employed when the plane is used as an ordinary surface plane.

I claim:

1. A stock having a bit opening and adapted for use as a surface plane, a secondary sole secured to the side surface of said stock and adjustable depthwise to project below the main sole thereof, and a gage-sole underlying said main sole and adjustable laterally thereof, both of said secondary and gage-soles having openings for the bit and adapted to cooperate therewith in the cutting operation.

2. A stock having a bit opening and adapted for use as a surface plane, a secondary sole secured to the side surface of said stock and adjustable depthwise to project below the sole thereof, a age-sole underlying the main sole and lateragy adjustable thereof, and means for securing the latter sole directly to the under surface of the stock, both of said secondary and gage-soles having openings for a bit to cooperate therewith in the cutting operation.

3. A stock having a bit opening adapted for use as a surface plane, a secondar sole secured to the side surface of the stock and adjustable depthwise to project below the main sole thereof, a reversible gage-sole underlying the said main sole, means for securing said sole in position, both of said secondary and gage-soles having bit openings to cooperate with the bit in the cutting operation.

4. A stock having a bit opening and adapted for use as a surface plane, a secondary sole secured to the side surface of the stock and adjustable depthwise to project below the main sole thereof, a reversible gage-sole underderlying said main sole and adjustable laterally thereof, means for securing said gage-sole directly to the bottom of the stock, both of said secondary and gage-soles having openings for a bit to cooperate therewith in the cutting operation.

5. A stock having a bit opening and adapted for use as a surface plane, a secondary sole secured to the side surface of the stock and adjustable depthwise thereof to project below its main sole, a gage-sole underlying the stock and adjustable vertically and laterally thereof, and means for adjustably securing said gage-sole directly to the under surface of the stock, both of said secondary and main soles having bit openings to cooperate therewith in the cutting operation.

6. A stock having a bit opening, and adapted for use as a surface plane, a secondary sole secured to the side surface thereof and adjustable depthwise to project below its main sole, a gage-sole underlying the stock and vertically and laterally adjustable thereof, means for adjustably securing said sole directly to the under surface of the stock and including slots for the reception of screws and recesses for the reception of the heads thereof, screws for securing said soles, each of said secondary and main soles having openings for a bit to cooperate therewith in the cutting operation.

7. A stock having a bit opening and adapted for use as a surface plane, a secondary sole secured directly to the side surface and adjustable deipthvvise to project below the main sole thereo, a reversible gage-sole underlying the stock and adjustable vertically and laterally thereof, and means for securing said sole directly to the main sole of the stock, both of said secondary and main soles having openings for the bit to cooperate therewith in the cutting operation.

8. A stock having a bit opening and adapted for use as a surface plane, a secondary sole secured to the side surface of the stock and adjustable depthwise to project below the main sole thereof, a gage-sole underlying the stock and reversible thereon and vertically and laterally adjustable thereof , slots in said sole for the reception of screws and recesses for the heads thereof, and screws for securing said sole directly to said main sole, both of said secondary and main soles having openings for a bit to cooperate therewith in the cutting operation.

JOHN L. PRINGLE.

Witnesses:
ARTHUR B. JENKINS,
LENA E. BERKOVITCH.

No. 848,364 – Multiple-Beading Plane (Paul Harding) (1907)

[paiddownloads id=”640″]848364

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

PAUL HARDING, OF LONG ISLAND CITY, NEW YORK.

MULTIPLE-BEADING PLANE.

_________________

848,364. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented March 26, 1907.
Application filed May 25, 1906. Serial No. 318,633.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PAUL HARDING, a citizen of the United States, and residing at Long Island City, in the county of Queens and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Multiple-Beading Planes, of which the following is a specification, such as will enable those skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to hand-planes for use by carpenters in beading moldings or other woodwork; and the object thereof is to provide an improved device of this class having a plurality of beads of different styles or dimensions, whereby a single plane of the class specified may be used for making a variety of beads or a variety of moldings or for producing a variety of beads in woodwork of any kind or class.

The invention is fully disclosed in the following specification, of which the accompanying drawings form a part, in which the separate parts of my improvement are designated by suitable reference characters in each of the views, and in which —

Figure 1 is a side view of my improved beading-plane; Fig. 2, an end view thereof; Fig. 3, a longitudinal section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4, a plan view, and Fig. 5 a side view, of one of the bits which I employ.

In the practice of my invention I provide an oblong flat block a, which constitutes the body of the plane, and said block is provided in the opposite side thereof with longitudinal wide grooves or spaces a2, whereby top and bottom thickened portions a3 are formed, said thickened top and bottom portions a3 being provided in their outer longitudinal faces with grooves a4, which are circular in cross-section, beads a5, and rabbet-grooves a6.

The block a, is provided in the opposite sides thereof and diagonally of the central portion thereof with grooves b, which extend through the thickened top and bottom portions a3 and also through the central portion of said block and in which are mounted bits c, two of which are placed in each side of the block, four bits in all being employed.

The bits c are provided with shanks c2, which overlap and extend across the central or body portion of the block and are provided in their outer sides with transverse grooves or recesses c3, forming corresponding teeth, and in the opposite sides of the body portion of the block are placed countersunk plates d, which are held in place by bolts e, provided at one end with thumb-and-finger nuts f, and the shanks c2 of the bits c are beveled on the sides in which the recesses are formed, and when two of said shanks are placed together in the opposite sides of the block they form a projecting longitudinal rib, as shown at c4, and the plates d are provided with corresponding transverse diagonal grooves d2, and in this way the bits c may be securely locked in the block a. As shown, the bolts e are preferably passed through the plates d and the central portion of the block a in opposite directions; but the placing of said bolts in this position is not absolutely necessary, and the thumb-and-finger nuts f may both be on the same side of the block a, if desired. In order to adjust the bits c, the thumb-and-finger nuts f or one of them is loosened and a suitable tool is inserted into the recess c3 of the shanks of said bits, and said bits are moved or adjusted to any desired extent, after which the thumb-and-finger nut or nuts are tightened, so as to hold the bits in the desired position.

In the drawings forming part of this specification the bits c are all of the same style, and the cutting edges c4 thereof are all of the same form, but of different dimensions, and the beads and grooves formed by means of my improved beading-plane, as shown and described, will all be of the same style, but will vary in transverse dimensions, the shape in cross-section of said beads being indicated by the shape of the beads and grooves a4, a5, and a6 shown in Fig. 2. It will be apparent, however, that the cutting edges of the bits may be of any desired form or shape, and the grooves and beads a4, a5, and a6 shown in Fig. 2 will vary to correspond therewith, and the beads and grooves formed by the plane will depend upon the style of these features of the construction.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. A beading-plane comprising an oblong flat body member having longitudinal grooves and beads in the top and bottom thereof, and two bits mounted in the opposite sides of said member and diagonally thereof and in diagonal grooves formed therein, the cutting edges of said bits extending in opposite directions, and means for locking said bits in position, consisting of plates bolted longitudinally of the opposite sides of said body member and ranging transversely of the shanks of said bits.

2. A beading-plane comprising an oblong flat body member having grooves arranged diagonally in the opposite side portions thereof and extending through the top and bottoin faces thereof, two bits: mounted in the grooves in said opposite side portions of said ineniber and provided with overlapping shanks and the cutting edges of which extend in opposite directions, and means for locking said bits in position, consisting of plates secured longitudinally of the central body portion and in the opposite sides of said member transversely of the shanks of said bits.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in presence of the subscribing witnesses.

PAUL HARDING.

Witnesses:
JAMES McMAHON,
WALTER D. WARD.

No. 830,541 – Bench-Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1906)

[paiddownloads id=”635″]830541

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO STANLEY RULE &
LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

830,541. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Sept. 11, 1906.
Application filed May 26, 1906. Serial No. 318,812.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, county of Hartford, Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in tools, and particularly planes for carpenters’ and joiners’ use.

The object of the invention is to provide a stop or gage for limiting the cutting depth and steadying the plane when in operation.

Various gages and stops have previously been employed in tools of this character, but for some classes of work they fail to give proper support to the plane when in operation.

The preferred form of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying three sheets of drawings.

Figure 1 is an end view of a plane embodying the improvements of my invention. Fig. 2 is a detail perspective view of a part of the gage. Fig. 3 is a side view of a plane with gage attached. Fig. 4 is a bottom plan view.

1 is the main body or handle member.

2 is the plane-iron having a suitably-formed cutting edge in accordance with the cross-section of the product desired. This iron is clamped in place by a suitable mechanism, such as 3, and may be adjusted by a suitable mechanism, such as 4.

5 and 6 are cross-rods clamped to the body in a suitable manner.

7 is an auxiliary clamping and supporting member for the plane-iron, which is clamped on the rods 5 and 6 by suitable mechanism.

8 is a fence customarily employed with planes of this character for guiding it laterally in operation. The main and auxiliary portions of the plane are provided with guide-flanges 9 and 10. A plane-iron of any width may be employed with this tool, the body and auxiliary members being adjusted laterally with respect to one another.

11 is the gage or stop the use of which my invention particularly contemplates. This stop has laterally-extending arms 12 and 13, which project through openings, such as 14 and 15, in the guide-flanges 9 and 10.

16 is a screw-threaded post having a foot 17, to which the gage 11 is secured by means of screws 18 and 19.

The post and gage may be vertically adjusted by the screw 20 and clamped in position by the screw 21. When the gage is being vertically adjusted, it is guided and prevented from rotating on its post by reason of its construction and coaction with the guide-flanges 9 and 10. By reason of the bearing-surfaces provided by the arms 12 and 13 in front and in rear ofthe cutting-iron and the lateral extensions outside of each guide-flange the tool is prevented from tilting forward and back or sidewise when in operation.

The gage may be adjusted to suit the depth of cut desired and may be readily removed upon releasing the screws 18 and 19, in which event the foot 17 acts as a gage, which maybe adjusted for work requiring the gage only on one side. The arms 12 and 13 being formed in one piece with the main body 11 of the gage, the entire bearing area remains in a single plane and is consequently adjusted vertically with uniformity in front and in rear of the plane-iron. This is an advantage which would not be present were the two arms 12 and 13 carried by separate adjusting-posts.

What I claim is —

1. In a plane, a body, auxiliary members having depending guide-flanges with passages in said flanges, and a gage extending laterally through said passages.

2. In a plane, a body and auxiliary members laterally adjustable with relation to one another and adapted to support a plane-iron, a vertically-adjustable post, and a gage carried thereby having members extending in front and in the rear of the plane-iron position and laterally beyond the edges of the plane-iron.

3. In a plane, a body having a depending flange, a plane-iron carried by the body, an adjustable post carried by the body, and a gage carried by said post having an arm extending through the flange in front of the plane-iron.

4. In a plane, a body, an iron clamped thereto, a depending iiange from said body, an auxiliary member laterally adjust able with respect thereto, a depending guide-flange carried by said auxiliary member, and a vertically-adjustable gage in the rear of the plane-iron position extending through said flanges.

5. In a plane, main and auxiliary sections, depending flanges carried thereby, a plane-iron held between said sections, a vertically-adjustable post having a foot, and a gage removably secured to said foot and having an arm extending through said flanges.

6. In a plane, main and auxiliary sections, depending flanges carried thereby, a plane-iron held between said sections, a vertically-adjustable post having a foot, and a gage removably secured to said foot and having arms extending through said flanges in front and in the rear of the plane-iron.

7. As an article of manufacture, a plane-gage attachment comprising a body, means of attachment to a plane, and laterally-extending arms carried by the body spaced apart from each other and lying in the same plane with the body.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
W. J. WORAM,
H. S. WALTER.

No. 827,473 – Plane (Lewis Dorus Smith) (1906)

[paiddownloads id=”634″]827473

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

LEWIS DORUS SMITH, OF PORT HURON, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO
STANLEY RULE AND LEVEL COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

827,473. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented July 31, 1906.
Application filed March 15, 1904. Serial No. 198,203.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEWIS DORUS SMITH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Port Huron, county of St. Clair, State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in planes, and particularly to a plane which is adapted to carry any one of a large variety of cutters or plane-irons. A plane of the same general class is shown in the United States Letters Patent No. 532,84.

The object of my invention is to construct a plane which shall be efficient and readily interchangeable and adjustable for different classes of work. I have also sought to make the construction as simple as possible, so that the adjustments and interchanges may be effected easily, and the cost of manufacture may be reasonable. I have also sought to construct a plane which shall be useful in connection with classes of work hitherto impossible to planes of this type.

A plane embodying my invention is shown in the accompanying single sheet of drawings. Two parts of the plane are adjustable laterally with relation to one another and adapted to carry a plane-iron. Between the two adjustable portions is located a gage for limiting the cutting depth of the iron. This gage is adjustable vertically and laterally and is readily removable. When desired , an auxiliary guide may be employed.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane embodying the improvements of my invention, a portion of an auxiliary guide being shown dotted. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of a plane embodying the improvements of my invention shown as in operation. Fig. 3 is a detail perspective view of the center gage and attachments. Fig. 4 is a bottom view of the complete plane. Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view on the plane of the gage-support.

1 is the main stock portion having a handle 2 and a guide-blade 3.

4 is a plane-iron, having a suitable cutting edge — as, for instance, a “hollow.”

5 is a screw of suitable construction for clamping the plane-iron to the main stock 1.

6 is an adjusting screw for varying the cutting depth.

7 is a gage carried at the outer side of the main stock and adjustable in a suitable manner by means of the screw 8.

9 is a guide-rod which extends laterally from the main stock 1 and may be secured thereto by means of the screw 10. 11 is a similar guide-rod at the rear, which may be attached to the main stock by means of the screw 12.

13 is what may be conveniently termed a “sliding section,” having the guide-blades 14 and 15 corresponding to the guide-blades 3 and 30 of the main stock. This section 13 is adjustable laterally on the guide-rods 9 and 11 to and from the main stock 1. 16 and 17 are thumb-screws for holding it in the desired position. In the instance herein shown the distance from the outer surface of the guide-blade 3 to the outer surface of the guide-blade 14 is approximately equal to the width of the cutter or plane-iron 4.

18 indicates a section of a molding, a portion of which has just been formed by the cutter 4. It will be obvious to one acquainted with this art that cutters of many different forms may be employed with a tool of this character to shape a molding, as desired.

19 is a gage for steadying the plane and limiting the cutting depth of the plane-iron 4. 20 is a post which is vertically adjustable in a recess in the outer surface of the sliding section 13. 21 is a thumb-screw for securing it in place. 22 is a horizontal member for connecting the adjustable post 20 and the gage 19. In this instance the horizontal bar is carried by the post 20. 23 is a thumb-screw which clamps the gage to the horizontal cross-bar 22. The gage preferably has an enlarged portion 24 at the top, which is open at the rear, so that the gage may be removed by simply loosening the screw 23 and slipping the gage forward. The gage in this way may be removed without being obstructed by the guide-rod 9. By this construction the center gage 19 may be adjusted vertically and also laterally, so as to provide for different widths and conformations of cutters.

25 is a longitudinal guide or fence which may be carried by the longitudinal guide-rods 9 and 11 and adjustable laterally thereon. 26 is a handle for convenience in operation. Such a guide or fence is not necessary in all kinds of work; but in forming a molding, as herein illustrated, it is advantageous.

What I claim is —

1. In a plane, the combination of a handle member, a sliding section member adjustable relatively thereto, a laterally-projecting lug carried by one of said members and having a vertical passage-way, a post passing through and vertically adjustable in said passage-way, a laterally-extending thumb-screw passing through said lug for coacting with said post, and a center gage located between said members and means for supporting said gage from said vertical post.

2. A plane-gage attachment of the character described comprising the combination of two substantially parallel rods, a shoe member carried by one of said rods, a connecting member having one endf fixedly secured to one rod and an adjustable clamping means carried by the other rod for engagement with said member and having an open horizontal slot, substantially as described for the purpose specified.

3. A plane-gage attachment of the character described, and for the purpose specified, comprising the combination of two substantially parallel rods spaced apart from each other, a shoe member carried by one of said rods, a laterally-projecting connecting member having one end fixedly secured to one of said rods, the other rod being laterally adjustable upon the connecting member of the first rod, and means for clamping the second rod upon said connecting member.

Signed at Port Huron, Michigan, this 5th day of March, 1904.

LEWIS DORUS SMITH.

Witnesses:
S. V. JONES,
LEWIS ATKINS.

No. 778,921 – Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1905)

[paiddownloads id=”612″]778921

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 778,921, dated January 3, 1905.
Application filed April 27, 1904. Serial No. 205,115.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in planes and particularly to planes, in which cutters of various sizes and shapes may be interchangeably employed.

The object of the invention is to provide a construction in which interchanges of cutters may be effected readily and quickly and the operation of the same made reliable and efficient. I have also sought to employ as few parts as possible and to make the construction as economical as its large variety of functions make feasible.

The construction of my invention in the particular form as shown in the drawings consists of a main body portion and a relatively movable section between which the cutting-iron is secured and held in place. Adjustable and interchangeable sole portions are provided by means of which the plane may be guided and the cutting depth regulated with any form of cutting-iron. These adjustable sole portions also support and steady the plane-iron and permit the user to vary the size of the throat or opening in front of the cutting edge.

The details of construction will be more plainly seen on an inspection of the accompanying single sheet of drawings.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane embodying the improvements of my invention. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same with the addition of adjustable auxiliary guide. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a cutting-iron. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the adjustable and interchangeable sole portions for employment with the plane of my invention.

1 indicates a main body or stock portion of the plane having a guide-blade 2.

3 is a handle which is conveniently provided.

4 is the plane-iron or cutter, which has its cutting edge formed to correspond with the outline of the work which it is desired to turn out.

5 is a suitable clamping-screw for securing the cutter in place.

6 is a screw for adjusting the cutting depth of the plane-iron.

7 and 8 are rods which extend from the body portion of the plane.

9 and 10 are screws for clamping in position.

11 is a sliding section which is upon the rods 7 and 8.

12 and 13 are thumb-screws for clamping the section in place at the distance desired from the main body portion.

14 and 15 are flanges to the front and rear of the throat of the plane which extend downward. The plane-iron when clamped in place is partially supported by the rear flange.

16 and 17 are portions of a sole which is provided to correspond with the shape of the cutter employed to limit the cutting depth and to guide and direct the plane in its operation. These sole portions are formed, preferably, of wood.

18 indicates two screws which take into the sole member 16 for clamping it to the forward flange 14. The flange is preferably provided with keyhole-openings, as shown, so that the sole portion may be removed without entirely removing the screws, it simply being necessary to loosen the screws, slide the sole forward, when the screws may be readily drawn through the enlarged portion. The rear flange 15 is provided with oppositely-positioned keyhole-openings, and the screws 19 coact therewith to clamp the rear sole portion 17 in position. Both of the sole portions may be adjusted front and rear, so as to vary the size of the throat in front of the cutter to bring the rear sole portion up so as to reinforce the cutter and prevent it from chattering or to remove the parts, as may be desired.

20 indicates a section of a molding being cut by a cutter, as shown in the drawings. The form of outline produced will of course depend upon the cutter employed. With my improved invention in use any form of cutter may be employed, it simply being necessary to make use of correspondingly-formed sole portions.

21 indicates a member which may be provided to slide on the rods 7 and 8 and carry an auxiliary guide 22 for fixing the distance of the cutter from the edge of a board, molding, or the like.

23 is a handle which is conveniently provided on this fence portion which serves as a rest for the left hand.

The advantages of my construction will be particularly apparent to those skilled in the manufacture of woodworking-tools and in their use. It greatly reduces the number of parts necessary for a wide variety of work and the expense of the same.

What I claim is —

1. In a plane the combination of a main body member, a member laterally adjustable relatively thereto having flanges projecting downward, said flanges having horizontal openings with enlarged ends, a cutter having an irregularly-shaped edge, a sole member for each of said flanges corresponding in shape to said cutter, and screws for removably securing said sole members to said flanges.

2. In a plane the combination of a main body member, a second member slidable laterally relatively thereto, a pair of flanges projecting downwardly from said slidable member and having an opening between the same, a sole portion carried by each of said flanges, and means for adjusting said sole portions, substantially as described.

3. In a plane, the combination of a body member, a second member laterally adjustable with relation thereto and adapted with said first member to support a plane-iron, a pair of flanges carried by said second member, one in front and the other in the rear, each of said flanges having a plurality of openings elongated liorizontally, the openings in said forward flange being enlarged on their forward ends, the openings in the rear flange being enlarged on their rear ends and a pair of removable sole portions with means coacting with said flanges and the elongated openings therein for securing said sole portions to said flanges.

Signed at New Britain, Connecticut, this 25th day of March, 1904.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
W. J. WORAM,
ROBERT N. PECK.

No. 771,463 – Molding Or Beading Plane (Charles C. Crossley) (1904)

[paiddownloads id=”609″]771463

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHARLES C. CROSSLEY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

MOLDING OR BEADING PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 771,463, dated October 4, 1904.
Application filed February 13, 1904. Serial No. 193,362. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES C. CROSSLEY, of New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Molding or Beading Planes; and I do hereby declare the following, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, and which said drawings constitute part of this specification, and represent, in —

Figure 1, a side view of a plane containing a cutter constructed in accordance with my invention; Fig. 2, a bottom view thereof; Fig. 3, a side view of the lower end of the cutter detached; Fig. 4, a front view of the same; Fig. 5, a perspective view of the cutter looking at the rear; Fig. 6, an outline of the cutting edge; Fig. 7, a sectional view of a block showing a single cut; Fig. 8, a similar view with two cuts; Fig. 9, a similar view with three cuts; Fig. 10, a plan view of a block showing cuts made at right angles.

This invention relates to an improvement in molding or beading planes, and particularly to the cutters therefor, the object of the invention being to so form the cutter that it may be used in stocks of ordinary construction and by which beads may be cut in every direction and, if desired, at angles to each other; and the invention consists in the construction as hereinafter described, and particularly recited in the claim.

In carrying out my invention I employ a stock A, which may be a center-bead stock, as shown, or a side-bead stock, having the usual mortise B for the reception of a cutter C, which is held in place by the usual wedge D. The operating edge of the cutter has a central half-round portion E, horizontal lower cutters F, and upwardly-extending side cutters or lips G, the end of the cutter being so formed that the cutting edges of the lower critters F are in rear of the cutting edge of the center portion E, whereby a drawing cut is made which assists in cutting smoothly and in any direction as regards the grain of the wood.

The plane is operated in the usual manner and if used upon the surface of wood the first cut will form a half-round bead H, with grooves I on opposite sides thereof, the outer walls of the grooves being straight, as shown in Fig. 7. If two beads are desired, the plane is moved to one side, so that one of the cutters F and the lip G ride in the groove formed at one side of the half-round bead H, which forms a guide for the plane and allows the central portion of the cutter to form a second half-round bead J and a groove K at one side, having a straight side wall, as shown in Fig. 8, or three beads may be formed, as shown in Fig. 9, and this can be continued indefinitely. In Fig. 10 of the drawings I have shown beads L and M crossing each other at right angles, and, as before stated, with my improved cutters these beads may be formed in any direction.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

In a plane, the combination with the stock, of a cutter having a central rounded cutting edge, straight cutters on opposite sides of the center and in rear thereof, and side cutters or wings extending upward and forward therefrom, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specilication in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES C. CROSSLEY.

Witnesses:
AARON DANIELSON,
CHAS. A. ERICSON.

No. 538,937 – Combination-Plane (Jacob W. Tripp) (1895)

[paiddownloads id=”514″]538937

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JACOB W. TRIPP, OF SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH TERRITORY.

COMBINATION-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 538,937, dated May 7, 1895.
Application filed August 9, 1894. Serial No. 519,912. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JACOB W. TRIPP, of Salt Lake City, in the county of Salt Lake and Territory of Utah, have invented a new and Improved Combination-Plane, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The object of the invention is to provide a new and improved plane, which is comparatively simple and durable in construction, arranged for universal adjustment to enable the operator to conveniently plane straight or curved work, such as stair rails, on all sides, and for molding, fitting, plowing, tonguing and grooving, rabbeting and other purposes, also to form beads, fillets, &c.

The invention consists principally of a stock adapted to receive a removable wooden sole piece shaped to conform to the curved or straight surface to be planed.

The invention further consists in a bit having gear teeth adapted to be engaged by a segmental lever, for shifting the said bit into proper position.

The invention also consists in an auxiliary guide stock pivoted on an adjustable arm held on the main stock.

The invention also consists in certain parts and details, and combinations of the same, as will be fully described hereinafter, and then pointed out in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the improvement. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same. Fig. 3 is a sectional side elevation of the improvement on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is an enlarged transverse section of the bit-guide, the section being taken on the line 4 4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a transverse section of the improvement on the line 5 5 of Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a sectional rear elevation of part of the improvement on the line 6 6 of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the improvement, showing a modified form of sole-piece. Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a modified form of guide-piece for the auxiliary guide-stock. Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a modified form of sole-piece in front of the cutting-bit. Fig. 10 is a sectional plan view of part of the improvement on the line 10 10 of Fig. 7. Fig. 11 is a rear elevation of the auxiliary guide and adjacent parts. Fig. 12 is a side elevation of the improvement arranged with a straight wooden sole-piece, part of which is broken out. Fig. 13 is a sectional plan view of the same on the line 13 13 of Fig. 12. Fig. 14 is an inverted plan view of the bit. Fig. 15 is a plan view of the same. Fig. 16 is a face view of a combination quick cutter and blank. Fig. 17 is a face view of a modified form of fastening for the quick cutter, and Fig. 18 is a sectional plan view of the same on the line 18 18 of Fig. 17.

The improved plane is provided with the metallic stock A, having an integral handle A’, and a bit plate A2 extending in an inclined direction, as plainly shown in Figs. 1 and 3, and fastened by screws or other means to the stock A and handle A’. On the under side of the stock A, is adapted to be secured by screws orother means, a sole piece B, having its bottom made in various shapes according to the article to be planed. The sole piece is made of wood, and is shaped at its under side to correspond to the shape of the article to be planed, as will be readily understood by reference to Fig. 1, or is made straight at its under side for planing straight surfaces of different shapes, as illustrated in Fig. 12.

On the lower end of the cap C is secured a sole piece B’, forming a continuation of the sole piece B, and shaped according to the article under treatment, that is, either curved at the under side, as shown in Fig. 1, or straight as illustrated in Figs. 9 and 12. The pressure plate or cap C for the plane, is adapted to engage and hold the cutting bit D on the bit plate A2.

In order to shift the bit D, I form the top surface thereof at the upper end with rack teeth D’ adapted to be engaged by the teeth E’ of a segmental lever E, formed with a slot E2 adapted to engage a pin C’ extending transversely in the pressure plate C, and through an aperture C2 therein, as will be readily understood by reference to Fig. 3. Now when the pressure plate C is in place, the operator inserts the segmental lever E in the aperture C2, so that the pin C’ forms a fulcrum for the said lever, and the teeth E’ of the latter engage the rack teeth D’ of the bit D. When the operator swings the lever E either up or down, then the teeth E’ shift the bit D down or up, so as to adjust the cutting edge of the bit according to the under side of the sole piece B. After proper adjustment is made of the bit D, then the segmental lever E is again removed from the aperture C2 and the pin C’. The pressure plate or cap C is held from sliding by dowels F, F’, which project at right angles from the bit plate A2. See Fig. 3. To clamp the bit in place on the bit plate A2, I provide a screw rod F2, secured in the bit plate A2, parallel to the dowels F F’. The screw rod F2 is provided with the smooth piece F3, extending through the bit slot D2 and the cap C. The reduced end F4 of the screw rod F2 engages a removable block G, fitting under the head F5 of the said screw rod, and on the sides of the said block G is fulcrumed a cam lever G’, formed near its outer end with an opening G2 adapted to fit over the outer end of the dowel pin F’, whenever the said cam lever is in a closed position, as shown in Figs. 1, 3, and 12. The cam is formed on the fulcrumed end of the lever G’, and engages a wearing plate G4 held on the pressure plate C, so that when the lever G’ is swung inward, then the cam portion of the said lever presses on the wearing plate G4, to raise the block G, and to securely press the latter against the under side of the head F5 of the screw rod F2, whereby the pressure plate C is firmly pressed inward onto the bit D, to clamp the latter securely in position. The wearing plate G4 can be dispensed with in case the cap C is made of a hard material.

When the lever G’ is swung outward into the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3, then the cam end of the lever releases the block G from pressing on the head F5, thereby loosening the pressure plate C sufliciently to remove the cutting bit D as may be desired. In order to properly guide the bit D, I provide the under side thereof with a longitudinal recess D3, see Figs. 3 and 14, engaged by a lug A3 formed or secured on the bit plate A2.

On the lower end of the cap C, and abutting on the face of the bit D, is arranged an adjustable plate C4, formed with a longitudinally-extending shoulder C5 fitting into a correspondingly shaped groove in the cap or pressure plate C, as plainly shown in Fig. 4. A screw C6 serves to hold the adjustable plate C4 in place on the pressure plate C, the said screw passing through a longitudinally-extending slot C7 formed in the adjustable plate C4. By the arrangement described, the plate C4 can be readily adjusted on the pressure plate C, by loosening the screw C6, and then shifting the said adjustable plate C4 so that its lower end is as close down to the cutting edge of the bit as desirable, to permit of cutting in cross-grained wood without danger of tearing it or leaving a rough surface.

On the rear face of the stock A, is held adjustably a block H, provided with an obliquely-extending slot H’, through which passes a screw H2 screwing in the stock A, as teaser indicated in Figs. 6 and 7. A shoulder H4, see Fig. 10, formed on the back of this block H engages a correspondingly shaped groove A5 in the rear face of the bit plate A2, the said groove A5 being arranged parallel or in alignment with the slot H’, so as to permit of shifting the block H in an oblique direction on the stock, as required. On the back of the block H is formed a vertical recess or groove H3 (see Figs. 2 and 5), in which is held adjustable a quick cutter or bit I, for cutting the sides or edges of the wood under treatment, as plainly illustrated in Figs. 5 and 7. The quick cutter I, may be held in place on the block H, either by a screw I’, as shown in Fig. 5, or by making it dovetailed in cross section and clamping it in position at one edge by a cap H7 adapted to be fastened to the block H by a screw H8, as shown in Figs. 17 and 18. Instead of the cutter or bitI, I may place a blank I3 in the said groove H3, see Fig. 12, and the cutter I and blank I3 may be combined in a single piece, as illustrated in Fig. 16. The blank I3 is provided with a row of apertures, one of which is adapted to be engaged at a time by the set screw I’, but the blank may also be held in place by the cap H7 above mentioned. This blank I3, when used, prevents the shavings from accumulating in the plane throat and choking the plane, and is especially serviceable when cutting deep slots or grooves with the bit D, or other bits that may be used.

On the lower end of the block H is pivoted at J’, the auxiliary guide stock J, extending transversely, as plainly shown in the drawings, and carrying at its lower end an adjustable plate K, engaged by a set-screw K’ passing through a slot J2 extending longitudinally in the auxiliary guide-stock J. By this arrangement the plate K can be adjusted laterally in the guide stock according to the thickness or width of the wood under treatment. The screw K’ is adapted to engage one of a series of apertures K2, K3, K4, in the plate K, so as to increase the range of adjustment of the said plate K on the said guide-stock J.

On the front end of the plate K is arranged a foot-piece K5, made of wood or other suitable material, and shaped to correspond to the shape of the wood to be planed, as indicated in Figs. 5 and 8. The foot-piece K5 shown in Fig. 8 is more especially designed for use on twisted and crooked work. The foot-piece K5 is opposite the front sole-piece B’, secured to the under side of the shavings cup C9, as will be readily understood by reference to the dotted lines in Fig. 1, the said foot-piece also extending rearwardly a suitable distance, so that its rear end is about opposite the cutting edges of the bits D and I.

On one side of the auxiliary guide stock J is fitted to slide transversely, a block L, having a longitudinally extending groove L2 engaged by a set screw L’ screwing in the auxiliary guide-stock J, the screw L’ thus admitting of a right or left movement of the said block, and the screw is adapted to engage one of a series of tap apertures J3 in the auxiliary guide-stock J. See Fig. 11. A link N, pivotally connects this block L with a stud N’ secured on the block H, so that the upward and downward swinging motion of the auxiliary guide-stock is limited, but any desired adjustment can be made by adjusting the screw L’ in one of the series of tap apertures J3 in the auxiliary guide stock J. By this arrangement the auxiliary guide-stock J can be moved in a tilted position according to the wood under treatment, or the main stock A may be inclined, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 5.

Now it will be seen that with the device described, almost any desired form of molding can be planed as the tool is universall adjustable for all kinds of work of any class desired.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

1. A plane having its body composed of two separable parts, to wit: a stock and a pressure-plate, in combination with a bit located between said parts, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of a main stock having a bit-plate and a bit mounted thereon and provided with a series of rack teeth on its upper face, a pressure plate arranged over the bit and provided with a recess extending through it adjacent to the rack teeth of the bit, a rod extending transversely of said recess a lever with its bifurcations embracing said transverse rod and engaging the rack teeth in the bit, whereby the same may be adjusted, and means for locking said bit fast to the bit plate, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of a main stock having a bit plate and a bit mounted thereon and provided with a series of rack teeth on its upper face, a pressure plate arranged over the bit and provided with a recess extending through it adjacent to the rack teeth of the bit, a rod extending transversely through said recess, a bifurcated lever adapted to be arranged in said recess with its bifurcations on opposite sides of said transverse rod and engaging the rack teeth in the bit, whereby the same may be adjusted, a screw rod connected at one end to the bit plate with its other end extending through the pressure plate, and a lever connected to the extremity of said screw rod and provided with a cam adapted to bear on said pressure plate, whereby the bit may be clamped in place, substantially as set forth.

4. A plane having its body composed of two separable parts to wit: a stock and a pressure plate, in combination with removable sole-pieces secured to said parts, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination of a main stock having a bit, a plate H adjustably connected to said stock and also provided with a bit, said plate H being adapted to be moved in a direction parallel to the direction in which the bit on the main stock moves, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination of a main stock having a bit, a plate H, adjustably connected to the said stock and adapted to be moved in a direction parallel to the direction in which the bit on the main stock moves, the bit I adjustably mounted on said plate H, and an adjustable lower portion for said plate H, adapted to form a lateral guide for the main stock, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination of a main stock having a bit, a plate H adjustably connected to the said stock and adapted to be moved in a direction parallel to the direction in which the bit on the main stock moves, a bit adjustably arranged between said plate H and the main stock, and a clamping device for said bit, substantially as set forth.

8. A plane having its body composed of two parts, to wit: — a stock and a pressure-plate, one part having projecting dowel pins and the other part having sockets to receive the dowel-pins, in combination with a bit located between said parts and provided with slots to receive said dowel pins, substantially as set forth.

9. A plane having its body composed of two parts, to wit: — a stock and a pressure-plate, one part having dowel pins and the other part having perforations for the passage of the dowel pins, in combination with a bit located between the two parts, and a clamping device mounted on the perforated part and adapted to clamp the two parts together, whereby said bit is held in place, substantially as set forth.

10. A plane having its body divided vertically into two parts, one part being a stock and the other part being a pressure-plate, dowel-pins projecting from one part, the other part being perforated for the passage of the dowel-pins, a bit located between the parts and having slots for the passage of the dowel-pins, and a clamping device mounted on the perforated part and engaging the dowel-pins of the other part, and adapted to clamp the bit in place between the two parts, substantially as set forth.

11. A plane having its body composed of two parts, to wit: a stock and a pressure-plate, each provided with a sole-piece, a bit located between the two parts, and a clamping device adapted to clamp said parts together, whereby the bit is held in place, substantially as set forth.

JACOB W. TRIPP.

Witnesses:
CHARLES G. CARTER,
C. H. STEBBINS.

No. 468,362 – Carpenter’s Plane (Frank Phelps) (1892)

[paiddownloads id=”483″]468362

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

FRANK PHELPS, OF AUBURN, NEW YORK.

CARPENTER’S PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 468,362, dated February 9, 1892.
Application filed April 16, 1891. Serial No. 389,185. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK PHELPS, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of Auburn, county of Cayuga, State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Carpenters’ Planes, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings on one sheet, making part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in that class of carpenters’ cutting and surface, smoothing tools generally denominated as “planes,” the stock of which is composed of wood or similar material; and the objects are to secure in such planes the advantages of trueness and freedom from wear which obtain in planes the stock of which is made of metal and at the same time retain the advantages of lightness which pertains to planes having the stock made of wood or similar material. I attain these objects by facing the ends and the sole of the stock of said plane with suitable plates of metal in the manner illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which —

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a carpenteifs plane having a wood stock with my improvements aflixed thereto, the ends being shown in broken section, so that a clearer view may be afforded of the application of the same. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the upper side of the metal sole-plate. Fig. 3 is a section of the stock of the plane and metal sole-plate through the line x x of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrow z. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of one of the metal end plates, taken with its inner side next the point of view. Fig. 5 is an end section of a beading-plane, showing the under surface of the metal sole-plate formed for beading, but attached to the stock, as shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a plan view of the bottom side of the metal sole-plate.

Throughout the several figures similar letters refer to similar parts.

In Fig. 1 A is the wood stock of the plane. B is the metal sole-plate, and C C are the metal end plates, which are affixed thereto.

Referring to Fig. 2, the metal sole-plate B has formed therein in proper working position the transverse slot D, which corresponds to and fits when in place over the mouth E of the wood stock A.

Longitudinally and approximately in a central position on the upper surface of the metal sole-plate B is provided the flange F, which is formed at either side of the transverse slot D at proper working angles to correspond with those of the mouth E of the wood stock A. The forward and rearward ends of the flange F of the metal sole-plate B have V-shaped notches or seats G G, as seen in Fig.2, the object of which V-shaped notches will presently be explained.

Formed on the upper surface of the metal sole-plate B and constituting a part thereof are arranged at appropriate intervals between the flange F and either edge of said metal sole-plate B one or more series of vertical projections H H H, &c., which are uniformly provided near their upper ends with the barbs or notches I I I, &c., the object of which will be presently seen.

On the under surface of the metal sole-plate B are provided countersinks J J J, &c., 7 5 (see Fig. 6,) which may be regularly or irregularly arranged thereon, as desired, the said countersinks J J J, &c., being connected with each other in any desired pattern by the channels K K K, &c., the object of the said countersinks and their connecting-channels being to afford sufficient air so as to prevent any adhesion between the under surface of the metal sole~plate B and the plane surface with which it may be brought in contact.

Metal end plates C C are provided for the ends of the wood stook A of the plane, which are constructed substantially as follows: On their inner sides and forming a part thereof are formed the V-shaped projections L L in such position as will assure their engagement when adjusted to position with the V-shaped notches G G, which are formed in either end of the fiange F of the metal sole-plate B. Near either end of the inner sides of the metal end plates C C and constituting a part thereof are provided the projections M M, which are formed at right angles thereto and which are furnished with barbs or notches N N, the object of which will be presently explained. The upper ends of the metal end plates C C are turned into the segment of a circle, as shown, thus presenting a symmetrical outline and doing away with sharp and obtrusive corners.

The wood stock A of the plane has formed in a central longitudinal position of the sole thereof the groove a, the purpose of which will be presently explained.

Having thus described in detail the essential features of my invention, I will now describe their adjustment on the stock of the plane and their arrangement with relation to each other when such has been effected. The upper surface of the metal sole-plate B and the lower surface of the stock A of the plane are brought into immediate contact with each other by a compression brought to bear upon either or both powerful enough to force the several series of vertical projections H H H, &c., formed on the upper surface of the metal sole-plate B, which have been described, into the wood stock A of the plane, the fiber of which on retracting, after the said operation, engaging with and filling in beneath the barbs or notches I I I, &c., serves to assure the permanent fastening and securing together of the wood stock A and the metal sole-plate B. During this operation the flange F of the metal sole-plate B is entered in the groove a, Fig. 3, of the wood stock A, and thus serves to assure against any lateral displacement of the several parts described during and subsequent to the operation. The metal end plates C C are next brought into position on either end of the wood stock A of the plane by being forced by compression or by being driven thereon, as deemed most expedient. During this operation the V-shaped projections L L, which are formed on and project from their inner sides, engage with the V-shaped notches G G, which are formed in either end of the flange F of the metal sole-plate B and serve at the same time to bring the ends of the metal sole-plate B and the wood stock A of the plane into the closer contact and there lock them, as well as the lower ends of the said metal end pieces C C, into a joint with the ends of the metal sole-plate B, which project sufficiently beyond the ends of the wood stock A of the plane for that purpose. During this operation, also, the projections M M, which are provided on and project at right angles from the inner sides near either end of the said metal end plates C C, are forced into the wood of the wood stock A of the plane, the fiber of which, retracting, engages with and fills in behind the barbs or notches N N, formed thereon, thus substantially and permanently securing the metal end plates C C to the wood stock A of the plane and assisting, also, in the further permanent stability and securing of the ends of the metal sole-plate B, already described.

I am aware that metal plates for protecting and assuring the correctness of tools and instruments of precision, which are largely composed of wood and the said plates secured thereto in various ways, are and have for some time been in use; but I am not aware that such metal plates formed and arranged as has been described have been used in connection with carpenters’ planes or otherwise for the purpose and objects or in the manner set forth herein; therefore

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is —

I claim —

1. In a carpenter’s plane, the combination of a stock having a centrally-disposed longitudinal groove formed in its under surface with a metal sole-plate provided on its upper surface with a series of barbed vertical projections arranged near either side thereof, and a centrally-disposed longitudinal upwardly-projecting iiange, substantiallyin the manner and for the purpose herein described and specified.

2. In a carpenter’s plane, a stock having a centrally-disposed longitudinal groove formed in its under surface and a metal sole-plate provided on its upper surface with a series of barbed vertical projections arranged near either side thereof, a centrally-disposed longitudinal upwardly-projecting flange provided at either end with V-shaped notches, and a transverse slot D, in combination with the metal end plates provided on their inner sides with centrally-disposed V-shaped projections and near either end with barbed projections at right angles thereto, substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein specified and described.

3. In a carpenter’s plane, a stock having a centrally-disposed longitudinal groove formed in its under surface, a metal sole-plate provided on its upper surface with a series of barbed vertical projections arranged near either side thereof, a centrally-disposed longitudinal upwardly-projecting flange provided at either end with V-shaped notches, a transverse slot D, and the lower surface of said sole-plate provided with countersinks connected with each other by channels, and metal end plates provided on their inner sides with centrally-disposed V-shaped projections and near either end with barbed projections at right angles thereto, the whole combined and arranged in the manner and for the purpose herein described and specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 2d day of April, A. D. 1891.

FRANK PHELPS.

Witnesses:
JOHN J. TROWBRIDGE,
W. N. JENNINGS.

No. 421,407 – Molding-Plane (Richard Kreinberg) (1890)

[paiddownloads id=”460″]421407

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

RICHARD KREINBERG, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY.

MOLDING-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 421,407, dated February 18, 1890.
Application filed April 24, 1889. Serial No. 308,398. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RICHARD KREINBERG, of Jersey City, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, a citizen of the United States, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Molding-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improved molding tool or plane which is intended for usein molding all kinds of straight or circular work, the tool being also adapted for preparatory work — such as advance cutting and plowing — and finishing work, such as scraping the molded parts.

The invention consists of a molding-tool the stock of which is provided at one end with a stirrup, between which and the end of the stock is introduced the molding or other tool, said stirrup being rigidly applied to the tool by a transverse cross-piece that passes through slots of the stock and engages the slotted inner ends of the stirrup and by a screw-bolt that extends longitudinally through the stock and is provided with a thumb-nut at the outer threaded end. The side of the stock is provided with longitudinal grooves, in which is guided a correspondingly-shaped slide-piece, so as to serve as a guide for the molding-tool, according as the same is used on the straight or curved work.

The invention consists, further, of certain details of construction and combination of parts, which will be fully described hereinafter, and finally pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a side elevation of my improved molding tool or plane. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal horizontal sectional view of the same. Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section on line x x, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a face view of the end plate of the stock. Figs. 5 to 8 are face and edge views of different cutters that can be used with my improved molding-plane and the blade-stock for the same. Figs. 9 to 12 are detail views showing different blades that can be used with my improved molding-plane.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

In the drawings, A represents the stock of my improved molding-plane, which is preferably made of hard wood and provided in each side with a longitudinal groove a, and below the same with a narrow part A’, having a convex under side, along which is guided a slide-piece B, which is recessed in such a manner as to correspond to the bottom piece A’ of the stock A and engage the grooves a of the same. The slide-piece B is adjusted on the stock A by a set-screw b, which presses against a plate B’ in the slide and resting on the convex bottom of the surface of the stock A, so as to secure the slide-piece in any desired position on the stock. One face of the slide-piece B is made straight, while the op-
posite face is made convex, so that the slide-piece can be used for guiding the plane along a straight or curved edge, accordingly as straight or curved work has to be done.

To one end of the stock A is applied a U-shaped sliding stirrup C, which stirrup is connected at its inner longitudinally-open end by a cross-piece C’, provided with end lugs d’, said lugs engaging the slotted ends of the stirrup, so as to permit the adjustment of the stirrup toward or away from the end of the stock A.

The adjustment of the stirrup C is accomplished by a longitudinal screw-rod D, which is connected to the transverse piece C’ and provided with a thumb-nut D’ at its threaded end, the screw-bolt passing through a longitudinal opening in the stock A.

Between the thumb-nut D’ and the end of the stock A a washer D2 is provided for protecting the stock A.

The transverse piece C’ is passed through longitudinal side slots d of the stock A, the length of the slots defining the distance at which the outer end of the stirrup C can be adjusted from the end of the stock A.

The end of the stock A is provided with an end plate l, having grooves e e’, the outer grooves being wider than the central groove, said grooves, with the grooves e2 e3 in the end piece of the stirrup, serving for the purpose of holding the different single-shanked cutters, saws, or blades shown in Figs. 9 to 12.

For molding any one of the molding-cutters is used, which are formed of a blade-stock E’, that is recessed for the shanks of the U-shaped blade E, said shanks being beveled and secured to the recessed edges of the stock E’ by a fastening-plate E2, that is firmly secured by fastening-screws.

For planing the U-shaped blade is sharpened at the inner edge and made tapering toward the outer edge, so as to pass readily through the groove to be cut thereby.

The preparatory work — such as advance cutting and plowing — is done by the advance cutters and plows E3, as shown in Figs. 10 to 12, said tools being respectively inserted into the grooves e’ e3 e’ e3 in the end plate l of the stock and in the inner face of the stirrup.

The advance cutting and plowing facilitates the work of the grooving or molding tool.

When the cutting of the groove or molding is accomplished, the scraping of the same is done by a suitable scraping-cutter, which is inserted between the end of the stock and the inner face of the stirrup.

When sawing has to be done, a small saw E4, Fig. 9, is inserted in the grooves e e2 of the stirrup C and the stock A, all the blades being firmly held by tightly applying the stirrup to the blade or tool and holding it rigidly in position by adjusting the thumb-nut of the stirrup-adjusting screw-rod D.

The U-shaped cutting-blades used in connection with my molding-plane have shanks beveled at the rear edges, which fit into corresponding recesses of the stock E’, so as to be firmly held in position by the fastening-plate attached to the end of the blade-stock E’.

Small grooving-tools are provided with but one shank, in order that they may be sharpened with greater facility, as shown in Fig. 7. In some cases the grooving-tool may be provided with a suitable scratch or advance cutter E5, which is retained in position by side plates E6 and a set-screw E7, as shown in Fig. 8.

My improved plane is adapted for grooving the hand-rails of stair-balustrades and for doing all other grooved or molded work, which heretofore had to be carved out by means of a number of different tools, so that the work is greatly simplified and facilitated.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

1. A planing-tool composed of a stock having an adjustable guide-piece at its lower part, an adjustable stirrup at one end of the stock, a cutting or other tool interposed between the end of the stock and the head of the stirrup, and a screw-rod for adjusting the stirrup on the stock, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of a stock having a transverse slot at its middle part, a U~shaped stirrup applied to one end of the stock, a transverse plate engaging the free ends of the stirrup, a longitudinal screw-rod connected to said transverse piece, and a thumb-nut on the outer threaded end of the screw-rod, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of a grooved stock having a grooved end or head, a stirrup applied to the grooved end of the stock and being provided with a grooved inner face, a transverse piece that engages slots of the stirrup, a longitudinal screw-bolt in the stock for locking the transverse piece to the stirrup, and grooving or other tools inserted between the grooved ends of the stock and the grooved face of the stirrup, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

RICHARD KREINBERG.

Witnesses:
PAUL GOEPEL,
CARL KARP.

No. 409,405 – Molding-Plane (Edward D. Johnson) (1889)

[paiddownloads id=”452″]409405

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

EDWARD D. JOHNSON, OF FLAGSTAFF, ARIZONA TERRITORY.

MOLDING-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 409,405, dated August 20, 1889.
Application filed September 19, 1888. Serial No. 285,785. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD D. JOHNSON, of Flagstaff, in the county of Yavapai and Territory of Arizona, have invented a new and Improved Molding-Plane, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to a convertible molding-plane, the object of the invention being to provide a single plane back or body that is adapted to receive and hold formers and molding bits or knives of different form, whereby a single plane back or body, if provided with interchangeable sets of formers and bits or knives, can be made to do the work of the great number of the wooden planes heretofore necessarily employed by those having occasion to plane out moldings by hand.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar figures of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is a side view of my improved form of molding-plane. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken on line x x of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken on line y y of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on line z z of Fig. 1; and Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on line v v of Fig. 1.

In constructing such a plane as the one forming the subject-matter of this application I provide a plane back or body 10, that is formed with a handle 11 and a knob 12. This body 10 is formed with a boss or projection 13, in which there is a diagonal slot adapted to receive a bit or blade, as 14. At one side of this slot I form a recess in which there is arranged a wedge-nut 15, that is engaged by a set-screw 16, said set-screw projecting through a boss 17, formed opposite the boss 13, and being held in place by a pin 18, which rides in a groove 20, that is formed in the screw 16. To the extending end of the screw 16 there is rigidly connected a thumb-piece 21. The face 2 of the nut 15 is wedge-shaped or inclined, as clearly shown in Fig. 5, so that if the screw 16 be turned to draw the nut inward the bit will be firmly clamped to place.

Along the upper portion of the plane back or body there is a rib 22, the lower face of which constitutes an abutment against which the upper edge of the formers 24 and 25 abut, said formers being each formed with under-cut grooves, adapted to receive ribs or flanges 26, that are formed upon the plane-body. The formers are held to the plane-body by set-screws 30, and are so proportioned as to closely approach each other, but so that a groove or channel of sufficient width to receive the bit 14 is left between the two formers.

From the construction described it will be seen that formers and bits of any shape desired may be secured to the plane back or body. In setting the bits they are inserted in the groove formed for their reception in the boss 13. The screw 16 is then turned so as to draw the wedge-faced clamping-nut 15 hard against the blade 14, an adjustment of the blade being obtained by advancing a screw 32, which engages with a threaded aperture that is formed in the plane-body in line with the bit-recess, this adjusting-screw being shown in Fig. 4, and its position being indicated in Fig. 1.

By means of the construction described when new forms of molding are desired, all that it is necessary to do is to provide new formers and bits, a single plane back or body with the necessary attaching devices being adapted for use in connection with any and all shapes of formers and bits.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

I. The combination, with a plane-body 10, of formers 24 and 25, a bit 14, an adjusting-screw 32, passed transversely through the body 10 into engagement with the inner edge of the bit, a wedge-faced clamping-bolt 15, and a screw arranged in connection with said bolt, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with a molding-plane back or body, of formers 24 and 25, formed with grooves that are adapted to receive flanges 26, which project from the plane-body parallel with its lower edge, set-screws by which the formers are clamped to the plane-body, a bit 14, which passes downward between the formers, a wedge-faced clamping-nut, an operating-screw arranged in connection with the nut, and a retaining-pin arranged in connection with the screw, substantially as described.

EDWARD D. JOHNSON.

Witnesses:
W. L. VAN HORN,
FRANK ALKIRZ.

No. 338,570 – Bench-Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1886)

[paiddownloads id=”408″]338570

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO
THE STANLEY RULE AND LEVEL COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 338,570, dated March 23, 1886.
Application filed February 1, 1886. Serial No. 190,388. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in planes for forming moldings at the corners and edges of various work; and the object of my invention is to improve the efficiency of such plane, especially when a bead or molding of any considerable depth is to be formed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved plane. Fig. 2 is a front view thereof. Fig. 3 is a vertical section, partly in elevation, of the front end of my plane, the plane of section being indicated by the line x x in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a detached view of the stock or guide as viewed in looking squarely upon the inclined face at its front end; and Fig. 5 is a detached view of the parts, which are fitted to said inclined face as viewed by looking squarely upon the inclined under face of said parts.

The main portion of my device is well adapted to be manufactured and sold as an attachment to accompany the plane patented to me April 21, 1885, No. 316,079. It may, however, be sold as a complete tool by itself. The stock or guide A has a V-shaped slot extending longitudinally through its under face, and I will therefore designate it as the “V-shaped guide.” The forward end of this guide is provided with an oblique flange or frog, a, slotted at its upper end and provided with a groove, b, Fig. 4, which extends length-wise through the middle of its front face. This V-shaped guide may be provided with the handle B, like an ordinary bench-plane, or it may be made without any special handle for use as a small block-plane, or it may be provided with side handles after the manner of a spokeshave, all as suggested and described in my aforesaid prior patent. This V-shaped guide is in fact the same as the part termed the “gage E” in said patent.

My present invention consists of the device or attachment which I have constructed for use in connection with this V- shaped guide.

C designates the holding-block, having up on its under side a central projection or rib, which, by being fitted to the groove b in the frog a, serves as a guide in seating and adjusting the holding-block in place upon the inclined front of said guide. This holding-block is provided with a flange, d, which serves as one of the nuts for the feeding-screw f. This holding-block is also provided with lugs g, which serve as guides for the cutter-block D. This cutter-block is provided upon its under side with a central rib, h, Fig. 5, which is also fitted to the groove b, andserves to guide the cutter-block within said groove. This cutter-block I provide with a flange, k, which serves as a nut for the other end of the feeding-screw f. The lower forward end of the cutter-block D is provided with the frog m, upon which the cutter n is mounted, and held in position thereon by any suitable fastening mechanism — as, for instance, by means of the yoke o and clamp-screw p. The frog in stands at such an angle to the cutter-block that when the block is mounted in place and the V-shaped guide is in a horizontal position the upper end of the cutter slants forward of a vertical line, so as to give the cutter a scraping action in forming beads or moldings. The nut or flange k is made thin and preferably beveled a little on both sides of its threaded hole, so that the cutter-block may rock a little, as on a pivot, when the plane is being drawn backward, and thereby relieve the cutter from injurious contact with the work. When the plane is moved forward, the cutter-block is seated firmly on the frog of the V-shaped guide, while its rear upper end is held-against said frog by means of the lug g.

The cutter-block C is held in position by means of a clamp-screw, r, the body of which extends through the slotted upper end of the flange or frog a.

Cutters for forming moldings or beads have been heretofore combined with a stock or V-shaped guide; but so far as I know they have been used by first setting the cutter-block and cutter so that the cutter will project the desired depth of cut into the face of the V-shaped groove in the stock or guide in the same manner as described in my former patent for setting the plane proper upon the front end of said guide. This is well enough for forming a chamfer, as the guide will properly bring the straight cutter into position when said guide comes to a bearing, the straight cutter being incapable of cutting beyond its proper depth, even if the V-shaped guide may be rocked a little out of square; but in cutting beads or deep moldings, if the plane is tipped a little to one side the corners may cut into the work so deeply in the beginning of the operation as not to have their marks obliterated when the guiding-surfaces come to a bearing. By my invention I avoid this contingency of marring the work.

My plane may be used for forming moldings directly upon the corner or upon a corner which has been previously chamfered, or upon the edge of any board or strip that may be received within the V-guide.

To use my plane upon the corner of any piece of work, I first turn the feed-screw back to bring the cutter-block and holding-block close together, as shown, then loosen the screw r, so that the holding-block C may be raised to the upper part of the frog a. I then place the V-shaped guide A firmly and squarely upon the corner of the piece to be operated upon and lower the holding-block until the cutter strikes the work. I then tighten the screw r to fasten the holding-block C in place, and push the plane over the surface to be molded, then draw it back again, meanwhile turning the feeding-screw a little to feed the cutter down the proper distance for the next cut, then push the plane over the work again, and, drawing it back, feed the cutter downward again, and so on until the molding is perfected, thereby keeping the V-shaped guide at all times squarely upon the work, so that, no matter what may be the shape of the cutter, it cannot produce a faulty cut. The feeding-screw f is a right-and-left-handed screw, and is well-known as a feeding mechanism. I have represented it as a convenient form of feeding mechanism for this purpose; but it is evident that other forms may be substituted therefor without avoiding my invention. It is also evident that my invention does not reside in the particular form of holding-block, inasmuch as I believe that a holding-block, cutter-block, and feeding mechanism have never heretofore been combined with a V guide for forming moldings on corners or edges.

I claim as my invention —

The combination of the stock or V guide having the frog a, the holding-block adapted to be secured to said frog, the cutter-block having the cutter attached, and feeding mechanism for feeding the cutter-block and cutter downward upon the face of the frog, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
JAMES SHEPARD,
JOHN EDWARDS, Jr.

No. 318,331- Adjustable-Faced Plane (Edwin Walker) (1885)

[paiddownloads id=”393″]318331

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

EDWIN WALKER, OF ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA.

ADJUSTABLE-FACED PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 318,331, dated May 19, 1885.
Application filed February 6, 1885. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWIN WALKER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Erie, in the county of Erie and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Adjustable-Faced Planes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, forming part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in plane-stocks and mechanism connected therewith; and it consists of the improvements hereinafter set forth and explained.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved plane. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of my improved plane-stock frame with the adjustable plates and other mechanism thereof removed therefrom. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the back half of my improved plane-stock with a portion of the adjustable plates removed, so as to show the bit-adjusting mechanism. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of one of the central adjustable plates, showing a groove therein for the bit-adjusting mechanism. Fig. 5 shows a front end view of my improved plane with a gage attached thereon for adjusting the depth of cut, and also showing the plane adjusted to a square-faced bit. Figs. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 are front end views of my improved plane-stock, showing some of the forms to which the face of the plane-stock may be adjusted, (other portions of the mechanisms of the plane not being shown.) Fig. 12 is aside elevation showing a modified form of mechanism for securing the adjustable plates in place. Fig. 13 is a perspective view ofthe under side of a double-ended matching-bit, showing the holes for attaching the adjusting-rod thereto. Figs. 14 and 15 illustrate by perspective views some of the forms of bits to which the face of the plane-stock is adapted to be adjusted.

Like letters refer to like parts in all the figures.

In the construction of my improved plane, A is the frame, provided with the guides D D D D, adapted to receive and support vertically-adjustable longitudinal plates B B, &c., which plates B B, &c., together with the frame A, make up the plane-stock.

The guides D D D are provided with slots D’ D’ D’, in which clamps C C C operate, these clamps C C C being secured by thumb-screws C’ C’ C’, operating against the back side of the frame A. The frame A is also provided with ears I2 I2, between which the nut I’ of the bit-adjusting mechanism operates. The front guide D of the frame may also be provided with screws a a, &c., one for each of the plates B B, &c.

The frame A is preferably made of cast metal, except the handle F, which may be of wood.

The plates B B, &c., may be made either of cast metal or stamped out of sheet metal, and any number of the adjustable plates B may be used, according to the thickness which it is desired to make the plane-stock. The two outside plates B B, &c., may also be provided at their front ends with small adjustable cutters b b, inserted therein for cutting across the wood when the plane is used as a dado-plane, and for other purposes requiring such cutters.

The frame A is also provided with holes in the back side thereof, (not shown,) into which guide-rods J J can be inserted when it is desired to support a fence thereon. This fence K is connected to the slotted arms J ’ J’, which are attached to the sleeves J2 J2, which slide over the rods J J and are secured in place thereon by set-screws J3 J3, the fence K being adjustable up and down on the slotted arms J’J’ by means of bolts passing through the slots j j therein.

The bit H, I construct double-ended, so that either end may be used, according to the pattern desired, each end of the bit being made preferably of a different pattern. The bit is secured in place by means of the clip G and set-screw G’ therein, the clip G operating between the face of the bit and the lug E on the frame A.

For adjusting the bit H up and down, I provide an adjusting-rod, I,which has lugs i i on the lower end thereof adapted to fit into holes h h in the under face of the bit H, as shown in Figs. 3 and 13. This adjusting-rod I extends upward through grooves L in two of the central of the plates B B, &c. (Shown in Figs. 3 and 4.) Above the upper edges of the plates B B, &c., the adjusting-rod I is screw-threaded and provided with a thumb-nut, l’, which operates between the lugs I2 I2 on the frame A, so that by turning the nut the bit H may be adjusted up and down in the plane-stock.

Fig. 5 shows a depth-gage, M, which may be placed either upon the front guide-rod J, or, if desired, upon the front clamp C, behind the thumb-nut C’. This gage is provided with a slotted hole (not shown) by which it may be adjusted up and down to regulate the depth of cut made by the plane in dado-work and other work of that character. This gage M is also so arranged that it may be detached and taken off of the plane-stock when desired and not needed for use thereon.

The front cud views 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 illustrate some of the forms to which the face of my improved plane-stock can be adjusted, bits being used corresponding with such adjustment, (the clamping mechanism which holds the plates to the frame A not being shown therein.)

In operating my improved plane the plates B B, &c., are each adjusted in the position desired and temporarily secured by the use of the set-screws a a, &c., in the front guide D of the plane-stock. These screws a a, &c., however, may be dispensed with, if desired, as they merely form a convenient means of securing each plate in place during the adjustment of the face of the plane-stock to any desired form of bit prior to the plates being finally secured (after adjustment) by the clamps C C C.

Any number of plates may be used in my improved plane, thereby making any width of face on the plane-stock desired.

I am aware that plane-stocks have been heretofore constructed of adjustable blocks, so constructed and arranged with relation to each other that the face of the plane-stock could be longitudinally adjusted to fit a circular surface — for example, the arc of a circle; but this construction is not capable of any lateral adjustment of the face of the plane-stock to suit different patterns of bit. I am also aware that plane-stocks have been constructed with detachable faces of different patterns, each pattern being suited to a particular form of bit made to match the pattern of the detachable face; but I am not aware of any construction of a plane-stock prior to my invention consisting of a frame supporting a series of thin longitudinal vertical plates, the lower edges of which plates combined formed the face of the plane-stock, and which plates were adapted to be vertically adjusted upon the supporting-frame, so that by such adjustment the face of the plane-stock could be altered laterally to adapt it to the use of any pattern of bit which the operator might have occasion to use in his work therewith. Therefore.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is —

1. The combination, in a plane-stock, of a plane-stock frame with series of two or more vertical longitudinal plates which may be adjusted up and down upon said frame and clamped thereto, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a plane-stock, the combination of a plane-stock frame provided with guides and clamping mechanism with a series of two or more vertical longitudinal plates the lower edges of which form the face ofthe plane-stock, said plates being vertically adjustable in said guides on the plane-stock frame, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination, in a plane stock, of a plane-stock frame and a series of two or more vertical longitudinal plates which may be adjusted upon and clamped to said frame, with removable fence-supporting rods and a fence adapted to be adjusted both vertically and laterally thereon, substautially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In an adjustable-faced plane-stock, the combination of the plane-stock frame A, provided with the slotted lugs I2 I2 thereon, with the screw-threaded adjusting-rod I, the thumb-nut I’, operating between the lugs I2 I2, and the bit H, all operating together substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In a plane-stock, the combination, with the plane-stock frame A and the vertically-adjustable longitudinal plates B B, of the set-screws a a, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. In combination with a plane stock consisting of the plane-stock frame A and the vertically-adjustable longitudinal plates B B, the adjustable depth-gage M, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. ln combination with a plane stock consisting of a plane-stock frame, A, and vertically-adjustable longitudinal plates B B, clamped thereto, adjustable cutters b b, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

S. The combination, in a plane-stock, of a plane-stock frame, A, provided with guides D D D, clamps C C C, the vertically-adjustable longitudinal plates B B, the bit-securing mechanism E G G’, bit-adjusting mechanism I I’, and bit H, all constructed and operating together substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

EDWIN WALKER.

Witnesses:
H. M. STURGEON,
F. J. BASSETT.

No. 313,195 – Plane For Picture-Moldings (Edward L. Gaylord) (1885)

[paiddownloads id=”384″]313195

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

EDWARD L. GAYLORD, OF BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT.

PLANE FOR PICTURE-MOLDINGS.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 313,195, dated March 3, 1885.
Application filed September 3, 1884. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD L. GAYLORD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Bridgeport, in the county of Fairfield and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes for Picture-Moldings; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to certain novel and useful improvements in planes for picture-moldings, and has for its object to provide a device of this description which will accommodate and plane stock of any thickness and give to it any desired contour; and with these ends in view my invention consists in the details of construction and combination of elements hereinafter fully and in detail explained, and then specifically designated by the claims.

In order that those skilled in the art to which my invention appertains may more fully understand its construction and operation, I will proceed to describe the same in detail, referring by letter to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 represents a side elevation of my improved plane; and Fig. 2, a vertical section of the plane at the line x x of Fig. 1, and showing the handle and iron in elevation.

Similar letters denote like parts in both figures of the drawings.

A is the stock, constructed as in ordinary planes of this description; and B is the iron, secured to its bed by bolt C, also as in ordinary planes. The sole J is conformed to the contour of the cut made by the iron.

D is the guide, which at its bearing-surface on the sole conforms to the latter in shape. It is provided with slots E, through which bolts F pass and secure it to the stock.

Between the sole of the plane and the surface of the guide which rests thereon is clamped a thin metal strip, H, which extends outward over the cutting-edge of the iron and prevents the latter from gouging or cutting the edge of the stock next the gage. The purpose of the strip H is to preserve the edge of the material intact and to make the iron cut up to that edge.

G are washers strung upon bolts F, and which are inserted or omitted, as the guide is required to extend less or more upon the surface of the sole. By inserting more washers stock of greater thickness may be accommodated, and by omitting them the plane will be adapted to thinner stock, while in both instances the shape of the planed surface will conform to the curvature of the cutting edge of the iron.

In my invention I do not wish to be understood as claiming, broadly, the application to a plane of a guide, for that I know to be old. The gist of my invention rests in the idea of applying to a molding-plane for frame-makers’ use a device whereby the capacity of the plane for thickness of stock may be diminished or increased, while at the same time the edge of the material and the curvature indicated by the contour of the plane-sole will be preserved in the finished surface.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. The combination, with a plane of the character described, of a guide extending more or less over the plane-sole, and a metal strip extending along the cutting-edge of the iron next the gage, whereby stock of greater or less thickness may be accommodated and planed and the edge preserved intact, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of stock A, iron B. slotted guide D, secured to the stock by bolts F, having washers G, and strip H, lying along the edge of the iron next the guide, all arranged as described, and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

EDWARD L. GAYLORD.

Witnesses:
S. S. WILLIAMSON,
W. T. HAVILAND.

No. 306,693 – Molding-Plane (James R. Lawrence) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”374″]306693

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JAMES R. LAWRENCE, OF DURHAM, NORTH CAROLINA,
ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO W. T. BLACKWELL, OF SAME PLACE.

MOLDING-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 306,693, dated October 14, 1884.
Application filed August 12, 1884. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES R. LAWRENCE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Durham, in the county of Durham and State of North Carolina, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Molding-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a molding-plane for curved or circular work; and it consists in certain features hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings hereto annexed, Figure 1 is a bottom view of the plane. Fig. 2 is a side view showing a longitudinal section. Fig. 3 is a top view of the plane. Fig. 4 is an end view of the same. Figs. 5 and 6 show a specimen of the curved molding.

The body A is made of cast metal and has a flat sole, b. Its central part comprises a box or recess, c, which has around the inner sides next to the fiat sole an inward-projecting flange, d. At the forward end the body has on top a straight rib, e, extending lengthwise, on each side of which is a straight depression or groove, f. A clamp-screw, g, enters the straight rib and serves to hold the bit-stock H to its place. A knob or other suitable handle, I, is attached to the rear end. Attached to the body at one side is a guide-holder, k, which projects below the sole. The bit-stock H occupies the box or recess c, and the bit l may have its cutter-edge shaped to produce any desired style of molding, a specimen of which is shown in Figs. 5 and 6. The lower edges of the bit-stock rest upon the inward-projecting flange d, and the forward end has at central slit, n, which receives the rib e, and the bifurcations p occupy the straight grooves f each side of the rib. By this construction and arrangement of parts the clamp-screw g may be tightened on top of the bifurcations p, and thereby hold the bit-stock firmly to its seat. The flexible guide R is made, preferably, of a strip of steel thin enough to give it the desired flexible character, adapting it to be bent to suit the curvature of the work. The face q of this guide has position at a right angle to the sole b of the body, and while the latter, with the bit, sets upon the top b of the work to be planed (see Figs. 5 and 6) the guide bears against the curved edge q’. The guide-holder k is permanently attached to the plane-body at one side of the central box or recess. The flexible guide is rigidly secured to the holder k at its center s — that is, at a point midway of the ends of the guide. While the center of the guide is thus held immovable, the extremities may be pressed back or forth in either direction to any desired extent within certain limits, as shown and indicated in Fig. 1. A stay-brace, T, connects each end of the flexible guide with the body of the plane. These serve to hold the guide wherever it may be set — that is, either straight or curved. These stay-braces may have any construction that will enable them to be shifted so as to lengthen or shorten the connection, thereby to alter the adjustment of the flexible guide. In the present instance one end of the stay-braces is jointed at u to the flexible guide, and the other end of each brace has a slot, v. A set-screw, w, passes through the slot and enters the holder. When the set-screws are loosened, the slots allow the connections between the set-screws and the ends of the flexible guide to be lengthened or shortened, thereby causing the guide to be curved as desired. It will be seen that the plane will work in a straight line or in a circle, either inside or outside.

To set the guide for any desired work remove the bit-stock H, loosen the set-screws w, then place the plane-body on the work and press the flexible-guide up to the curve or circle and tighten the set-screws. Now replace the bit-stock and the plane is ready for the work. It will be seen that by this construction the cutting-bit may be set, then by removing the bit-stock and cutter the flexible guide may be readily adjusted to the work.

Having described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States —

1. A plane having a cast-metal body, A, provided with a central box or recess, c, a bit-stock, H, occupying the recess and having at its end a central slit, n, and bifurcations p, and a clamp-screw, g, in the body, and adapted to be tightened on top of the said bifurcations, as set forth.

2. A molding-plane having in combination a body, A, provided with a central box or recess, and a guide-holder, k, permanently attached at one side of said central box or recess and adapted to be readily removed therefrom, and a flexible adjustable guide secure to said holder, whereby the bit-stock and cutter may be removed to facilitate the adjustment of the flexible guide to the work, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

J. R. LAWRENCE.

Witnesses:
W. W. ELLINGTON,
S. W. CHAMBERLAIN.

No. 277,767 – Bench-Plane (Frank A. Mershon) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”335″]277767

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

FRANK A. MERSHON, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 277,767, dated May 15, 1883.
Application filed March 1, 1883. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK A. MERSHON, a citizen ofthe United States, and a resident of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Molding-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of molding-planes in which a wooden stock is combined with a detachable sole-plate; and the object of my invention is to afford means for readily attaching the sole-plate to and detaching it from the stock, and for steadily retaining the former on the latter, as fully described hereinafter.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved molding-plane, showing the sole-plate detached; Fig. 2, a transverse section, and Fig. 3 a longitudinal section of part of the plane.

The stock A of the plane is of wood and the sole-plate B of metal, the under side of this plate having such longitudinal ribs and grooves as the pattern of the molding to be planed may require. The sole-plate has at each end a transverse flange, a, and a longitudinal flange, b, fitted snugly in a recess in the stock, as shown in Fig. 2. There is at each end of the stock a spring-catch, D, for retaining the sole-plate, each catch consisting in the present instance of a spring, e, secured to the stock, and having a pin, d, for entering a hole in the transverse flange a. The stock, it should be understood, is cut away at each end to receive the said flange, and is further cut away to permit the free play of the spring, the flange being so rounded at the upper edge on the inner side that when the stock is applied to the sole-plate by depressing the former onto the latter the springs will yield without being manipulated, and will recoil when the stock reaches the plate, the pins entering the holes in the flanges, and thus holding the two parts of the plane together.

While the spring-retainers will suffice to hold the plate in place, I prefer, as an additional security, to use two set-screws, E, each provided with a head, f, constructed for the convenient turning of the screw by the finger and thumb, the stem of the screw passing through the stock, and its threaded end being adapted to a threaded projection, m, on the sole-plate. This projection is made tapering, and is adapted to an orifice of corresponding form in the under side of the stock. Even if no set-screws are used, I prefer to make these projections on the plate, as they facilitate the adjustment of the stock to its proper position on the plate, and serve as steady-pins for determining the proper lateral and longitudinal relation of the plate to the stock.

It will be seen that whenever a change in the pattern of the molding is required the plate can be readily detached to make way for another, the under side of which conforms with the desired molding, a change of plane irons or bits F being also required. The pins d are preferably tapered, so that they tend to draw the sole-plate firmly to its seat on the stock.

I claim as my invention —

1. A molding-plane in which a stock, A, provided at the ends with spring-catches, is combined with a sole-plate, B, having flanges a, constructed to be retained by the said catches of the stock, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of the stock A, and a detachable sole-plate having tapering projections adapted to it closely correspondingly-tapered orifices in the stock, and devices, substantially as described, for securing the plate to the stock, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of the stock A and its spring-catches with the flanged sole-plate and its tapering projections m, adapted to orifices in the stock, substantially as specified.

4. The combination ot the stock A, its spring-catches, the flanged sole-plate, and its tapering projections m, with the set-screws E.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FRANK A. MERSHON.

Witnesses:
HARRY L. ASHENFELTER,
HARRY SMITH.

No. 221,763 – Improvement In Grooving-Irons (John W. Ammons) (1879)

[paiddownloads id=”306″]221763

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JOHN W. AMMONS, OF COLUMBIA, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND JOHN P. HORNER, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN GROOVING-IRONS.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 221,763, dated November 18, 1879; application filed September 15, 1879.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN W. AMMONS, of Columbia, in the county of Boone and State of Missouri, have invented a new and Improved Grooving-Iron, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in the tongued irons or bits used in grooving-planes.

Heretofore the form of these irons has been such as to leave the corners of the groove sharp. This is objectionable on account of their liability to break off when the tongue is forced in and carried back into the groove, whence they have to be removed at a great expense of time and trouble; or if allowed to remain they interfere with the making of a good joint. To prevent this with the present tools, it is the habit of many workmen to chamfer off the corners with an ordinary rabbeting-plane; but this requires the use of another tool and the expenditure of valuable time.

The object of my invention is to provide a plane-iron which will chamfer off the outer corners of the groove simultaneously with the planing of the groove.

The invention consists in a plate with beveled cutting-edges, a slot, and a longitudinal groove, in combination with a grooving-iron provided with a cutting-edge, as hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved iron. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same. Fig. 3 is a cross-section on line x x of Fig. 2; and Fig. 4 represents, in perspective, a modified construction of the iron.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

Referring to the drawings, A is the grooving bit or iron, made of a rectangular bar of steel, with cutting-edge B. On the upper side of iron A is placed a flat plate of steel, C, which is secured to the bit by a set-screw, b, passed down through the slot c in the plate into a threaded hole in the bit.

In the under side of the plate is a shallow longitudinal groove, d, sufliciently wide to receive the bit, as shown in Fig. 3. This groove d, together with the set-screw b, connects the plate C rigidly with the bit A, so that the plate C can neither rise nor lose its parallel adjustment with relation to the bit.

At the lower end of plate C the corners are chamfered or beveled off at any suitable angle, and the corners are given sharp cutting-edges e e.

The plate C is designed to extend one-sixteenth of an inch beyond the sides of the bit, so that the angular cutting-edges e e will come in contact with the sides of the groove cut by the bit. The object of this arrangement is to chamfer off the upper corners of the sides of the grooves at the same time the groove is planed, so as to enable the flooring-tongue to be entered into the groove without trouble, and without liability of breaking off the corners of the groove and forcing the splinters in the groove, as before mentioned.

The lower end of plate C forms the shoulders of the plane-iron to limit the depth of the groove.

In Fig. 4 is shown a bit with the shoulders forming a part thereof, in the usual manner. Herein the front lower edges, f f, are cut off at an angle and sharpened to an edge, the same as the edges e e of the plate C.

Both forms of plane-irons operate in the same way to chamfer off the corners of the sides of the groove; but the arrangement first described offers superior facilities for keeping the bit in good order, on account of the ease with which the edges e e can be sharpened.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

The plate C, having beveled cutting-edges e e at a suitable angle, and provided with a longitudinal groove, d, and slot c, and set-screw b, in combination with the grooving-iron having cutting-edge B, for the purpose of chamfering off the corners of the sides of the grooves, substantially as described.

JOHN W. AMMONS.

Witnesses:
F. D. EVANS,
I. O. HOCKADAY.

No. 211,515 – Improvement In Bench-Tools (James H. Lewis) (1879)

[paiddownloads id=”297″]211515

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JAMES H. LEWIS, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF HIS RIGHT TO GEORGE H. STELLWAGEN, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-TOOLS.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 211,515, dated January 21, 1879; application filed September 18, 1878.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES H. LEWIS, of Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michigan, have invented an Improvement in Bench-Tools, of which the following is a specification:

The nature of my invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in hand or bench tools of the spokeshave class for working curved moldings, having for its object to so construct the same as to enable the operator to work with the grain of the timber when it reverses in direction, thus avoiding the expense of a second tool of the same configuration.

The invention consists in providing the segment stock or head with two throats and cutters, inclined toward each other, as is more fully hereinafter set forth.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of my device. Fig. 2 is a cross-section of the same; and Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section, showing the relative position of the centers.

In the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, A represents a metal stock or head, being a segment whose face has the cross-section of the molding that is to be produced. a are throats, inclined toward each other, as shown, and in which are secured the cutter-bits B by means of clamp-plates B’ and screws b, or in any other convenient manner. These bits have a contour at the cutting-edge adapted to produce a molding of the desired cross-section, but are designed to out in opposite directions, so that in working a curved molding either bit may be used to cut with the grain when it reverses its direction, as it necessarily does, thus avoiding the necessity of having a pair of such tools for working each pattern of molding, the one having a reverse cut from that of the other.

The handles are made detachable, as shown; but it is evident that the stock may be provided with permanent or stationary handles, if desired.

What I claim as my invention is —

The bench-tool described, consisting of the segmental head A, having the throats a a and the cutters B, secured in opposite directions in said head by the adjustable plates B’ and screw b, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

JAMES H. LEWIS.

Witnesses:
H. S. SPRAGUE,
A. BARTHEL.

No. 206,507 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Justus A. Traut) (1878)

[paiddownloads id=”293″]206507

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 206,507, dated July 30, 1878; application filed June 3, 1878.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, of New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a specification:

The invention relates to that class of small planes known as “rounds,” “hollows,” “beading-planes,” &c.; and the invention has for its object the production of this class of planes in iron, whereby they are more durable and as cheap or cheaper than wooden ones, and also to make one or two handles and frames answer for many stocks or for a complete set, whereby they are less expensive and occupy less space for storage than those heretofore made.

My invention consists, first, of a plane handle and frame, having a longitudinal rabbet and provided with clamping mechanism, in combination with a separately-formed plane-stock and its cutter, adapted when united to be readily attached and detached to the side of said frame, as hereinafter described; and, second, in the particular clamping mechanism, as hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane which embodies my invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the plane-stock detached; and Fig. 3 is a vertical section on line x x of Fig. 1.

A designates the handle, and B its frame, the latter having two depending lugs, a. (Indicated by broken lines in Fig. 1, and one of which is shown in Fig. 3.) These lugs are off-set a little from the body of the frame, so as to form a longitudinal rabbet to receive the stock C.

b b designate lever-nuts on the ends of screws c, which pass through the lugs a. These screws are made with a coarse thread on one end and a fine thread on the largest end, which is screwed into the lugs, the same fitting snugly, so as not to be easily rotated therein.

The bed e of the stock C may be of any desired form for any of the ordinary small planes — as, for instance, the round-bottom, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, or the hollowing bottom.
(Shown in Fig. 2.) The stock in each case will have its own cutting-iron attached thereto by any suitable means, so as to be united when detached from the frame, and also an upward-projecting flange, d, the same being slotted at proper points to receive the body of the screws c c, and preferably thickened a little by the sides of said slot, so that they may easily be dressed to a uniform thickness in all of the different stocks.

The upward-projecting flange d of the stock c extends from one side of the bed e, as shown most clearly in Fig. 3. whereby the stock, although of metal, may be made light, and also with ample room over the bed for the lever-nuts to work in and not have them interfere with the working of the plane.

When the stock is placed in the rabbet of the frame and the lever-nuts tightened, as shown in Fig. 1, the device is ready for use. When a different stock is wanted, the lever-nuts are thrown backward, the stock removed, and another substituted therefor by placing the flange d in the rabbet of the frame, the body of the screws meantime being received in the slots of the flange. The lever-nuts are then thrown forward to firmly bind the stock to the frame of the handle. The end of the screws which receives the nuts is made small, in order that it may be passed through the lugs a from the opposite side and not interfere with the finer thread in said lugs. The thread for the lever-nuts is made coarse, in order that only a partial turn may be necessary in order to tighten the stock in the frame, while the lever-nuts are made long enough to compensate for the loss of power consequent upon the use of the coarse thread. In case the lever-nuts do not stop in the right position when holding the stock, the position of the screw may be changed by means of a screw-driver inserted in the slotted end of the screws until they are adjusted to bring the lever-nuts home in the proper place, as shown in Fig. 1.

By fitting the fine thread snugly in the lugs and the coarse thread of a smaller diameter loosely in the nuts, the action of said nuts will not change the position ofthe screws.

By making a longitudinal rabbet in the frame and clamping one side of the stock at one of its upper corners to the side of said frame, the opposite side of the stock is wholly free from all projections, even in stocks of variable widths, (see Fig. 3,) whereby they may be worked flush up against a deep shoulder, as it is often desirable to do in this class of planes.

I am aware that planes have been made with detachable handles, connected by clamping mechanism to the rear upper corner of the plane-stock; also, that plane-stocks have been divided longitudinally in a horizontal plane, so that different-shaped bottoms and different cutting-irons could be used in connection with the common handle and top part of the stock, all of which prior devices are hereby disclaimed.

I claim as my invention —

1. The plane handle and frame having a longitudinal rabbet and provided with clamping mechanism, in combination with a separately-formed plane-stock and its cutting-iron, adapted, when united, to be readily attached and detached to and from the side of said frame, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

2. The frame B, having screws c c, with fine and coarse threads, in combination with the lever-nuts b b and the slotted flange of a plane-stock, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
JAMES SHEPARD,
WILL. B. THOMSON.

No. 196,444 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Wilhelm Grüssler) (1877)

No. 196,444 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Wilhelm Grüssler) (1877)

[paiddownloads id=”285″]196444

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILHELM GRÜSSLER, OF RUISSEINA, NEAR NOSSEN, SAXONY, ASSIGNOR TO CARL PIEPER, OF DRESDEN, GERMANY.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.
_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 196,444, dated October 23, 1877; application filed October 15, 1877.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILHELM GRÜSSLER, of Ruisseina, near Nossen, in the Kingdom of Saxony, have invented a new Cornice-Plane, of which the following is a specification:

This invention consists in constructing the irons of molding, cornice, and similar planes, as well as the cutters of wood-planing machines, in such a manner that they may be sharpened upon common grinding-surfaces, whereby filing or otherwise trimming the molded surface at the cutting-edge is avoided.

A molding-plane provided with my improved iron is illustrated in the drawings, Figure 1 illustrating a side elevation of the same; Fig. 2, a part right-hand end view; Fig. 3, a part longitudinal section, and Fig. 4 a cross-section on line Y Z of Fig. 3. Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate modified forms of the invention; and Fig. 7 represents cutters constructed according to this improvement, and applied to the tool-holder of a wood-planing machine.

The plane-iron a may be curved, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, or straight, as represented in Figs. 5 and 6. It is molded throughout the length of its back surface, as is shown in the sectional view, Fig. 4; but, if preferred, this molding may extend along a part only of the back surface.

The body or stock is, by preference, to be made of metal, although wood or other suitable material may be used, and the iron fastened to the part b of the stock by a screw-bolt, d, passing through a slot in said part b, and provided with a fastening-nut, having a milled edge or in any other suitable manner.

The part b must correspond along its face or outer side with the molded surface of the iron, and a strip of cloth or other suitable material, c, should be placed under the iron, for the purpose of increasing the friction of the same, and to prevent the iron from shifting. This strip of cloth may be glued to the part b.

The iron must be molded on its back surface in such a shape that, after being ground at the end to the proper bevel and fixed in position, its cutting-edge will correspond to the molded face e of the plane.

The curved form affords great facilities in manufacturing the irons, since they may be turned in a lathe in a large ring, which is subsequently cut into pieces; but, if preferred, these irons may be made straight, as in Figs. 5 and 6.

In the modihcation, Fig. 5, the screw d is fixed in the body of the plane, and the iron has a slit in it to provide for its adjustment.

In the modification, Fig. 6, a straight iron has its flat upper surface fixed to the under side of a plate, o, projecting from a side wall of the plane-stock, whereby contact of the molded back surface of the iron with its support is avoided.

The beveled end surface V W, Figs. 3, 5, and 6, which is, by preference, flat, so that it may be ground on any common grindstone, is turned or faced upward and toward the front or leading end of the plane, while heretofore it has commonly been turned or faced the other way. This beveled surface should be inclined to the face of the plane at the same angle at which the body of the irons in common planes is inclined, while the angle of inclination of the molded back surface at the cutting-edge has in general to agree with that of the bevel of the common irons.

The handles f and g of the plane represented in Fig. 1 may be modified in various ways; but considering the number and variety of molding-planes required in a joiner’s shop, I regard it advantageous to make the bottom part, which has the molded face e, in one piece with the part b, and to have a separate piece provided with the handles f and g, adapted to fit all the main pieces in such a manner that it may be readily fixed to any one of them.

For the purpose of enabling the user to plane a number of moldings to exactly the same depth, an adjustable stop, k, Figs. 2 and 5, may be screwed laterally to the stock of the plane, thereby forming a gage, limiting the depth of the cut.

These improved plane-irons may be applied to molding-planes of all descriptions — such as grooving, tonguing, rabbeting, and similar planes, as well as to ordinary planes with flat faces. They may also be used for machine-planing, as shown in Fig. 7, which illustrates the section of a rotating tool-holder of a wood-planing machine fitted with the improved cutters a a. These are molded on the beck surface or outside in the some manner as stated ebove. For fixing them to the holder b’, a washer, h, molded to correspond to the cutter, is placed under the nut of the fastening-screw.

What is claimed is —

1. A plane iron or cutter molded on the back part or surface to the desired pattern throughout the whole or at part of its length, and being flat on its upper surface, in combination with a plane-stock or tool-holder shaped to fit the molded side of the iron, all substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination of a plane iron or cutter, a plane-stock or tool-holder, and an interposed strip of fabric, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILHELM GRÜSSLER.

Witnesses:
ERASMUS PAUL,
MAXIMILIAN SGHÜNE.