Tag: Stanley Rule & Level

No. 342,235 – Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1886)

[paiddownloads id=”410″]342235

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO
THE STANLEY RULE AND LEVEL COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 342,235, dated May 18, 1886.
Application filed February 23, 1886. Serial No. 192,752. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carpenters’ Plows, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in carpenters’ plows, and the object of my invention is to make a convertible “bull-nose”
and common plow so that said plow may be used for plowing a groove up to a shoulder — as, for instance, in grooving window-sash — or so that the plow may be used for the ordinary purposes.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation of my plow, showing the rear side. Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof, showing the front end. Fig. 3 is a plan view thereof. Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of my said plow. Fig. 5 is a vertical section, partly in elevation on the line x x of Fig. 3, of a part of said plow enlarged. Figs. 6 and 7 are side elevations enlarged of interchangeable tongues for the front end of the stock of my plow; and Fig. 8 is an edge view of a portion of a window-sash, showing a groove such as my plow is adapted to make when used as a bull-nose plow.

A designates the main portion of the stock; B B, the gage-rods secured thereto; and C the gage supported by said rods, all of which in their main features are of ordinary construction.

The main portion of the tongue or blade a, which is back of the cutter b and projects downward from the stock A, is secured there to in any ordinary manner. The portion of the tongue or blade which is forward of the cutter I form of two interchangeable tongues, a’ and a2, either of which in ay be attached to the stock. I make these interchangeable tongues attachable and detachable, so that one may be inserted for the other when desired, in the following manner: The under edge of the stock upon one side is provided with a vertical groove which cuts through the longitudinal groove in the bottom edge of the stock. This longitudinal groove is of a width which is designed to receive the upper edge of the interchangeable tongues a’ and a2, while the width of the vertical groove is such as to receive the tenon c, that projects from the upper edge of the interchangeable tongues a’ and a2. This tenon is provided with a threaded hole, which is adapted to receive the threaded shank at the end of the gage-rods, the hole through the stock A for the front gage-rod being bored smooth and large enough to admit said shank, as shown in Fig. 5. Thus it will be seen that slipping either one of the interchangeable tongues into place and screwing up the gagesrod firmly will hold said convertible tongue in proper position to form a continuation of that portion of the tongue or blade a which is in rear of the cutter, and that by unscrewing said gage-rod one convertible tongue may be removed for the insertion of the other. The ordinary depth-gage, D, is fitted to the vertical groove in the front end of the steel; A, and rests against the side of the tenon c. It is held-in position by means of the nut d.

When the plow is to be used for ordinary purposes, where there is plenty of room, the longer one, a2, of the interchangeable blades is attached to the stock; but when designed to be used in cramped places, so as to cut into a small hole or closely to a shoulder, the shorter one, a’, of the interchangeable tongues is attached, thereby converting the plow into what is termed a “bull-nose.” An example of such use is illustrated in Fig. 8, which shows the edge of a window-sash and the groove for the cord. In such work a hole, e, is bored in the sash and then the groove f is plowed out, the groove terminating within the hole. The length of the tongue a’ is less than the diameter of the hole, and consequently the whole of the groove f may be cut with the bull-nose plow. This cannot be done by a plow of the ordinary construction. In one sense of the word both portions of the blade or tongue of the stock have been made attachable and detachable. They are ordinarily formed of a separate piece from the body of the stock and set in a groove in the lower edge thereof, and held in position by rivets or screws; but, so far as I am aware, no one has ever heretofore provided a plow with interchangeable long and short tongues for attachment and detachment forward of the cutter for the purpose of making a convertble bull-nose and ordlnary plow.

I claim as my invention —

The herein-described convertible bull-nose and ordinary plow, the same provided with interchangeable longer and shorter tongues for attachment to the forward part of the stock, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
H. S. WALTER,
F. N. STANLEY.

No. 338,570 – Bench-Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1886)

[paiddownloads id=”408″]338570

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO
THE STANLEY RULE AND LEVEL COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 338,570, dated March 23, 1886.
Application filed February 1, 1886. Serial No. 190,388. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in planes for forming moldings at the corners and edges of various work; and the object of my invention is to improve the efficiency of such plane, especially when a bead or molding of any considerable depth is to be formed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved plane. Fig. 2 is a front view thereof. Fig. 3 is a vertical section, partly in elevation, of the front end of my plane, the plane of section being indicated by the line x x in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a detached view of the stock or guide as viewed in looking squarely upon the inclined face at its front end; and Fig. 5 is a detached view of the parts, which are fitted to said inclined face as viewed by looking squarely upon the inclined under face of said parts.

The main portion of my device is well adapted to be manufactured and sold as an attachment to accompany the plane patented to me April 21, 1885, No. 316,079. It may, however, be sold as a complete tool by itself. The stock or guide A has a V-shaped slot extending longitudinally through its under face, and I will therefore designate it as the “V-shaped guide.” The forward end of this guide is provided with an oblique flange or frog, a, slotted at its upper end and provided with a groove, b, Fig. 4, which extends length-wise through the middle of its front face. This V-shaped guide may be provided with the handle B, like an ordinary bench-plane, or it may be made without any special handle for use as a small block-plane, or it may be provided with side handles after the manner of a spokeshave, all as suggested and described in my aforesaid prior patent. This V-shaped guide is in fact the same as the part termed the “gage E” in said patent.

My present invention consists of the device or attachment which I have constructed for use in connection with this V- shaped guide.

C designates the holding-block, having up on its under side a central projection or rib, which, by being fitted to the groove b in the frog a, serves as a guide in seating and adjusting the holding-block in place upon the inclined front of said guide. This holding-block is provided with a flange, d, which serves as one of the nuts for the feeding-screw f. This holding-block is also provided with lugs g, which serve as guides for the cutter-block D. This cutter-block is provided upon its under side with a central rib, h, Fig. 5, which is also fitted to the groove b, andserves to guide the cutter-block within said groove. This cutter-block I provide with a flange, k, which serves as a nut for the other end of the feeding-screw f. The lower forward end of the cutter-block D is provided with the frog m, upon which the cutter n is mounted, and held in position thereon by any suitable fastening mechanism — as, for instance, by means of the yoke o and clamp-screw p. The frog in stands at such an angle to the cutter-block that when the block is mounted in place and the V-shaped guide is in a horizontal position the upper end of the cutter slants forward of a vertical line, so as to give the cutter a scraping action in forming beads or moldings. The nut or flange k is made thin and preferably beveled a little on both sides of its threaded hole, so that the cutter-block may rock a little, as on a pivot, when the plane is being drawn backward, and thereby relieve the cutter from injurious contact with the work. When the plane is moved forward, the cutter-block is seated firmly on the frog of the V-shaped guide, while its rear upper end is held-against said frog by means of the lug g.

The cutter-block C is held in position by means of a clamp-screw, r, the body of which extends through the slotted upper end of the flange or frog a.

Cutters for forming moldings or beads have been heretofore combined with a stock or V-shaped guide; but so far as I know they have been used by first setting the cutter-block and cutter so that the cutter will project the desired depth of cut into the face of the V-shaped groove in the stock or guide in the same manner as described in my former patent for setting the plane proper upon the front end of said guide. This is well enough for forming a chamfer, as the guide will properly bring the straight cutter into position when said guide comes to a bearing, the straight cutter being incapable of cutting beyond its proper depth, even if the V-shaped guide may be rocked a little out of square; but in cutting beads or deep moldings, if the plane is tipped a little to one side the corners may cut into the work so deeply in the beginning of the operation as not to have their marks obliterated when the guiding-surfaces come to a bearing. By my invention I avoid this contingency of marring the work.

My plane may be used for forming moldings directly upon the corner or upon a corner which has been previously chamfered, or upon the edge of any board or strip that may be received within the V-guide.

To use my plane upon the corner of any piece of work, I first turn the feed-screw back to bring the cutter-block and holding-block close together, as shown, then loosen the screw r, so that the holding-block C may be raised to the upper part of the frog a. I then place the V-shaped guide A firmly and squarely upon the corner of the piece to be operated upon and lower the holding-block until the cutter strikes the work. I then tighten the screw r to fasten the holding-block C in place, and push the plane over the surface to be molded, then draw it back again, meanwhile turning the feeding-screw a little to feed the cutter down the proper distance for the next cut, then push the plane over the work again, and, drawing it back, feed the cutter downward again, and so on until the molding is perfected, thereby keeping the V-shaped guide at all times squarely upon the work, so that, no matter what may be the shape of the cutter, it cannot produce a faulty cut. The feeding-screw f is a right-and-left-handed screw, and is well-known as a feeding mechanism. I have represented it as a convenient form of feeding mechanism for this purpose; but it is evident that other forms may be substituted therefor without avoiding my invention. It is also evident that my invention does not reside in the particular form of holding-block, inasmuch as I believe that a holding-block, cutter-block, and feeding mechanism have never heretofore been combined with a V guide for forming moldings on corners or edges.

I claim as my invention —

The combination of the stock or V guide having the frog a, the holding-block adapted to be secured to said frog, the cutter-block having the cutter attached, and feeding mechanism for feeding the cutter-block and cutter downward upon the face of the frog, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
JAMES SHEPARD,
JOHN EDWARDS, Jr.

No. 335,856 – Beading-Tool (Justus A. Traut) (1886)

[paiddownloads id=”405″]335856

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO
THE STANLEY RULE AND LEVEL COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

BEADING-TO0L.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 335,856, dated February 9, 1886.
Application filed September 24, 1885. Serial No. 179,027. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen ofthe United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Beading-Tools, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in hand beading-tools of the class which are similar to “spokeshaves;” and the objects of my invention are to simplify the construction of the tool, and at the same time to make it convenient and efiicient in use.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation of my beading-tool. Fig. 2 is a plan view. Fig. 3 is a reverse plan view. Fig. 4 is a transverse section on line x x of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a detached plan view of one form of cutting-blade for my beading-tool, and Fig. 6 is a like view of another form.

A designates the body or middle portion of the stock, and B B the handles thereof. This middle portion is of angular form in cross-section, (see Fig. 4) and consists of two members — viz., a thin horizontal bed-plate, a, the under face of which is designed to bear upon the wood being beaded, and a cutter-supporting plate, b, which projects upwardly from the rear edge of the bed-plate and slants forward slightly, as shovvn. The cutter-blade c, having a slot or slots, as shown in Figs. 6 and 5, respectively, and having any desired form or forms of cutting-edge, I clamp to the front side of the supporting-plate b by means of bolt d and thumb-nut f. By “front side” I mean the side which faces forward and downward, and is nearest the bed-plate a. In this side of the plate is a pin or projection, g, Figs. 3 and 4, which rests in the slot of the cutter-blade c at the lower end, while the body of the clamp-bolt d passes through said slot at a point higher up, thereby holding the cutter firmly against swinging to either side, and, in case of a wide cutting-edge, presenting the same squarely to the work. Just above the under surface of the bed-plate a, and in rear of the cutter-blade below the pin g, the face of the cutter-supporting plate is beveled off a little, as shown in Fig. 4, in order that the cutter-blade may spring slightly, and thereby have less tendency to chatter. The cutters are made of steel which is thin enough to spring, thereby forming what may be termed “spring-cutters.”

The bed-plate is provided with an opening, through which the lower cutting-edge of the cutter-blade projects, as shown. This opening is not only large enough to let the cutter project through it, but is also large enough for the shavings or scrapings to pass through readily. The forward part of the bed-plate is provided with a longitudinal slot, which extends through the middle of the length of said stock, within which slot the guiding-lugs h of the gages k are fitted. Said gages are secured in place by rneans of screws n, and from the construction already described it is evident that the gages are adjustable to and from the cutter-blade. If the gage is slotted or cut away, as shown in Fig. 4, it may be slipped by the cutter-blade, when desired. Two of these gages may be employed, one at each side ot the cutter-blade, as shown in Fig. 3; but if one gage would be in the way, or for any reason, it may be removed, and the tool can be used with one gage only, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

The straight-edge of each gage is designed for use on straight work and work with a convex edge, while the rounding edge is designed for use on work having a concave edge. For such use the gage is set at the other end of the stock from that represented in Fig. 3, so as to bring the curved or convex side into position to face the edge of the cutter-blade.

By slotting or notching the upper edge of the gages at a point which is in longitudinal alignment with the cutter-blade, as shown in Fig. 4, I can readily slip the blade when loosened over the cutter, so as to bring it to either side thereof without removing the cutter- blade; or I may bring it partially over the cutter, so as to cover a part of its cutting-edge, and then I can use the exposed edge of the cutter for forming a bead or beads at the corner of a piece of work which corresponds to the exposed edge of the cutter.

I am aware that it is not new to use a cutter-blade having edges properly formed for beading or fluting in a stock similar to that of a spokeshave, and I hereby disclaim the same.

I am aware that a prior patent shows and describes a spokeshave having longitudinal slots at the junction of its handles and middle portion, within which slots gages were adjusted, said slots being upon each side of the cutter, and not extending in front of the cutter; also, that another patent shows and describes a bench-plane having a hinged cutter-supporting blade, the same being hinged to the bed-plate, and incidentally to its swinging motion the lower end was rounded off like the knuckles or hub of an ordinary hinge. Upon the front of this swinging bed was a rigid cutter-blade, with its end bent forward, and there was a slight space between the cutter and the lower end of the cutter-supporting plate, but not for any purpose analogous to the construction named in my third claim. All of said prior art is hereby disclaimed.

I claim as my invention —

1. The herein-described stock for a beading-tool, which consists of the handles B B and the intermediate middle portion, A, having the horizontal bed-plate a and the cutter-supporting plate b projecting upwardly from the rear edge thereof and slanting forward partially over the bed-plate, the seat for the cutter-blade being upon that side of the plate b which faces forward and downward, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

2. In a beading-tool, the combination of the upwardly-projecting cutter-plate b, slanting forward, as described, the bed-plate a, having the opening through which the cutter projects, and the longitudinal slot extending through the middle of the length of said bed-plate in front of the said opening for the cutter, the gage k at the under side of said bed-plate, the screw n upon the upper side of said bed-plate, for holding said gage, and the cutter-blade secured to that side of the cutter-plate which faces forward and downward, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

3. In a beading-tool, the bed-plate a, having the cutter-opening formed therein, and the upwardly-projecting cutter-supporting plate b, made integral therewith and slanting forward, as described, while its forward lower corner at the rear of said cutter-opening is cut away, in combination with a spring cutter-blade, c, made flat or straight, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

4. In a beading-tool, the combination of the stock having bed-plate a, slotted longitudinally through the middle of its length, the cutter-blade secured to said stock, and adapted to have its end project below the under face of said bed-plate, the gage extending transversely to said bed-plate, and having the slot or notch on its upper side at the point which is in longitudinal alignment with the cutter, and mechanism for holding the gage and adjusting it to various points along the longitudinal slot of the bed-plate, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
H. S. WALTER,
CHAS. B. STANLEY.

No. 332,305 – Floor-Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1885)

[paiddownloads id=”402″]332305

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO
THE STANLEY RULE AND LEVEL COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

FLOOR-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 332,305, dated December 15, 1885.
Application filed July 27, 1885. Serial No. 172,773. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, of New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Floor-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of planes which are provided with along handle for use in smoothing floors; and the objects of my invention are to so hang the long handle that the plane will work smoothly without chattering and to provide a more convenient handle.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of my plane. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the plane on the line x x of Fig. 1, with a side elevation of its handle. Fig. 3 is a plan view of said plane with the cutting-bit and holding-cap removed; and Fig. 4 is a sectional view through the handle. on line y y of Fig. 2.

A designates the plane, which in its general features may be of any ordinary construction. The seat for the cutting-bit is formed mainly by the inclined upper surface of the two upright lugs a a. Between these lugs I pivot the socket B for the handle C by means of a bolt, b, which passes through said lugs a a and through an eye at the forward end of the socket B. This pivotal bolt b is located as near the bottom of the stock and as far forward under the cutting-bit c as is practicable, thereby causing the power applied through the handle C and stock B to be transmitted to the stock at such a point relatively to the cutting-edge of the bit as to hold said edge to its work, and thereby cause the plane to work smoothly. I provide the handle C at different points between its ends with two transverse handles, D D, one of which projects upwardly and the other downwardly, which handles are to be grasped by the hands of the operator when shoving the tool over the floor in planing. These handles I attach to the main handle by means of a yoke, d, and nut f, in the manner of attaching transverse handles to scythe-snaths, so that said handles D D may be adjusted to any desired position on the handle C for the convenience of the user.

I am aware that a prior patent shows a floor-plane having rollers at the front end of its stock and a long handle pivoted at the rear end of the stock at a point above the middle of its height, and that another patent shows a floor-plane having a yoke pivoted to its stock at a point about the middle of its height, and about half-way between the cutting-edge of the bit and the rear end of the stock, which yoke is provided with rollers at its lower end, a spring-finger at the top which presses on the forward end of the stock, and a socket which receives a long handle, said handle being provided at its rear end with a single transverse handle or cross arm. All of said prior art is hereby disclaimed.

I claim as my invention —

The herein-described floor-plane, consisting, essentially, of the plane A and the socket B, pivoted to the stock of said plane close to its bottom, underneath the cutting-bit, and just back ofthe cutting-edge of said bit, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
H. S. WALTER,
H. C. HINE.

No. 316,079 – Plane (Justus A. Traut) (1885)

[paiddownloads id=”390″]316079

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO
THE STANLEY RULE AND LEVEL COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 316,079, dated April 21, 1885.
Application filed February 25, 1885. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a specification.

My plane is principally designed for use in making chamfer moldings on the corners of pieces of wood-work for various uses.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of my plane. Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal section thereof. Fig. 3 is a transverse section thereof on line x x of Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 4 is a view of the stock proper, or the front part of my plane as seen when looking squarely upon the rear under side of its oblique face. Fig. 5 is a corresponding view of the rear part, showing the upper side of its oblique face. Fig. 6 is a side elevation, partly in section, of one of my planes, having a shorter rear part on gage and with the handles omitted. Fig. 7 is a transverse section of a part of the same on line y y of Fig. 6, but partly in elevation; and Fig. 8 is a plan view of one of my planes with a different form of handle.

A designates the stock proper, having the usual oblique frog, in which the ordinary cutter B is seated. This cutter is held in place by the holding-cap C, all as in ordinary planes. Other ordinary means of holding the cutter, either with or without special mechanism for adjusting the cutter up and down, may be substituted for that shown. The rear end of the stock proper, A, is an oblique under face, upon which I form a central and longitudinal rib, a, having straight, smooth edges. The front end of the stock proper, A, may, if desired, be provided with the knob-shaped handle D, with the exception of the ribbed oblique under face at the rear. The parts so far described are nothing more than an ordinary plane, and they are capable of use as such without the addition of other parts.

E designates a gage having an angular groove, b, extending longitudinally through its under face. Its front end is provided with an oblique flange or frog, c, slotted at its upper end, and provided with a groove, d, into which the rib at of the stock proper fits, so that the two parts are guided one upon the other. A shouldered set-screw, f passes through the slotted upper end of the flange or frog c, and into the oblique portion of the stock proper, A. By tightening this screw the parts A and E are held firmly in their adjusted position. By loosening the screw said parts may be moved one upon the other to any desired position and held there by tightening the screw again.

Inasmuch as the chamfer made by my plane is generally made to stop short of the length of the piece charnfered, I bevel off the lower rear corner of the stock proper, A, as at g, to a bevel corresponding to the bevel of the cutter at its lower end. This enables me to cut a beveled or oblique shoulder at the end of the chamfer cut by my plane, the angle of which shoulder will be the same as that of the beveled-off portion g of the stock.

For chamfering a corner, the parts A and E are adjusted so that the flat under face at the front end of the stock proper extends below the apex of the groove b just the depth of the desired chamfer. The plane is moved back and forth, with its gage E set squarely, as is practicable, over the corner to be chamfered, and shaving after shaving removed, until the gage stops further cutting by resting firmly for its whole length upon the stock being chamfered.

By inserting different forms of cutters moldings of different forms may be chamfered off or formed on the corners of wood-work, but the straight cutter for a plain chamfer will be the most generally used. The gage E may, if desired, be provided with the handle F. I make the rear end of the gage slanting, as shown, in order that it may be the better seated upon the work in starting a chamfer. By placing the stock proper upon the extreme front end of the gage E, I can make them of the same width, so that when adjusted to bring their lower faces into the same plane the device may be used as an ordinary hand-plane for planing flat surfaces.

Instead of handling the tool as an ordinary plane for chamfering, it may be handled after the manner of a spokeshave by simply providing the stock proper, A’, Fig. 8, with side handles, G G, as shown in said figure, or like handles may be formed in like manner upon the sides of the gage E, near its front end.

I am aware that planes for chamfering have heretofore been made, and I do not claim the same, broadly. Neither do I wish to limit my invention to the specific means of fastening the parts A and E in their adjusted positions, as other ordinary mechanism may be substituted therefor.

I claim as my invention —

The combination of the gage E, having the longitudinal angular groove b, with the stock proper, A, adjustable up and down upon the oblique front end of said gage, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
H. S. WALTER,
CHAS. B. STANLEY.

No. 311,136 – Bench-Plane (Charles L. Mead) (1885)

[paiddownloads id=”523″]311136

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHARLES L. MEAD, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO
THE STANLEY RULE AND LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part forming part of Letters Patent No. 311,136 , dated January 20, 1885.
Application filed June 16, 1884. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES L. MEAD, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in bench-planes; and the object of my invention is to produce a simple and efficient mechanism for adjusting the cutting-edge of the bit to square it with the stock. I attain this object by the simple construction illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which —

Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved bench-plane. Fig. 2 is a sectional view, partly in elevation, on line x x of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a sectional partial view on line y y of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a detached view showing the under side of the frog.

It is often difficult to grind the cutting-edge of a plane-bit exactly square, and consequently when set in place it does not stand square with the stock. In such cases the bits have been adjusted by rapping them edgewise from side to side with a hammer. A prior patent shows a mechanisrn for adjusting the bit edgewise to bring its end square with the stock, in which the under side of
the bit was slotted at its lower end and the bit was pivoted by the cap-screw. Such an adjusting mechanism is hereby disclaimed.

Aside from the addition of the adjusting-screw a, traveling block b, and the necessary modifications for securing them in place, my improved plane is the same as ordinary bench-planes. The particular plane I have taken for illustration is known to the art as “Bailey’s Patent Plane.” I provide the frog or seat A with lugs c c, which lugs are provided with smooth-bored holes at points a’ a’, into which I insert the adjusting-screw a, said holes forming bearings for the ends of the adjusting-screw. Upon the adjusting-screw a, I have placed the nuts d d, which nuts will allow the adjusting-screw a to rotate freely upon its axis, but will not allow the adjusting-screw to move longitudinally. Upon the adjusting-screw a, I have arranged a traveling block, b, said block being provided with a threaded hole, which receives the adjusting-screw a. I have provided the traveling block b with an upwardly-extending projection, f, whose height is about equal to the thickness of the cutter which engages with the ordinary slot, g, of the plane bit or cutter. The traveling block moves longitudinally in a slot formed in the frog. The bit or cutter and cap-iron of the plane are set in their places upon the frog or plane-seat in the ordinary manner, care being taken to have the engaging projection f of the traveling block b project upward into the ordinary longitudinal slot of the bit. The holding-cap B is then put into its proper place and clamps the bit and cap-iron firmly against the frog or plane-seat, said holding cap pressing then at each end. The point of pressure at the lower end of the cap is the point where the bit will pivot when its upper end is moved edgewise. When the parts are thus assembled in place ready for use, in order to adjust the bit edgewise to bring its edge square with the stock, it is only necessary to turn the adjusting-screw a, one way or the other, as the case may be, which readily adjusts the bit or cutter laterally and brings its edge square with the stock, as shown.

I am aware that a prior patent for bench-planes shows a mechanism for adjusting the cutting-bits endwise, which consists of a screw and a transverse slide having an oblique slot, which receives a projection from the under side of a second slide for carrying the plane-irons up and down, and the same is hereby disclaimed.

I claim as my invention —

In a bench-plane, the herein-deseribed mechanism for adjusting the cutting-bit laterally, consisting of the adjusting-screw a, the traveling block b, having the upwardly-extending projection f for taking into the longitudinal slot of the cutting-bit, said screw and block located at the upper end of the frog, and operating to adjust the cutting-bit laterally by the direct action of the block against the side walls of the slot in said bit at its upper end, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

CHARLES L. MEAD.

Witnesses:
H. S. WALTER,
H. C. HINE.

No. 284,777 – Beading-Tool (Justus A. Traut) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”339″]284777

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE
STANLEY RULE AND LEVEL COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

BEADING-TOOL.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 284,777, dated September 11, 1883.
Application filed June 12, 1883. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Beading-Tools, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in beading-tools; and the objects of my improvements are the convenient adjustment for different sizes of cutters, and to make a cheap, efficient, and convenient tool especially adapted for forming beads. I attain these objects by the simple construction illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which —

Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved beading-tool. Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof. Fig. 3 is a reversed plan view. Fig. 4 is a side elevation of one part of the stock. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the confronting face of the companion part of the stock. Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the gage; and Fig. 7 is a vertical section of my beading-tool on line x x of Fig. 1, the same being represented with the cutter as drawn up a little, in order to better show the lower working faces of the stock.

My beading-tool is designed for use by hand, the same as other bench-tools — such as plows, planes, &c. — and belongs to that class of tools known under the general term of “bench-planes.”

A designates the main portion of the stock, the same being provided with a suitable handle, a, either separately formed and attached thereto or made all in one and the same piece, as may be desired. This part of the stock, instead of being specially designed for a beading-tool and nothing else, may, if desired, be so formed as to constitute a part of a plow, dado, or other planing-tool. A’ designates the companion part of the plane-stock. Both of these parts have a groove, b, Figs. 4 and 5, upon their inner face, for the reception of a cutting-bit or cutter, and when the parts are put together these grooves are directly opposite to each other, and form, in substance, a single seat for the two edges of one cutter, c. The two parts of the stock are united by means of guide-rods B B, which are rigidly secured to the main part A of the stock, while the companion part, A’, is arranged to slide upon said rods. This companion part, A’, of the stock is provided with a screw or bolt, d, which is rigidly secured to said part, and which passes through an orifice in the main part A of the stock. The end of this screw is provided with a thumb-nut, g, which, with the screw d, acts as a clamping mechanism. The working-faces s s of the stock A and A’ are quite small and narrow, as shown. The cutter c, of any desirable width, is placed with its two opposite edges in the groove b in the stock, and the thumb-screw g is tightened to bind said cutter edgewise firmly in place. This arrangement not only allows for inserting cutters of different widths and of different shapes at the cutting end, but also constitutes a new means for clamping a cutter within the stock, and the ordinary means for securing the cutter are thereby dispensed with.

Upon the rods B B, which connect the two parts of the stock, the gage C is secured, and provided with set-screws h for adjusting it in any desired position. This gage is recessed upon its inner face, as shown at k, Figs. 1 and 6, so that it may receive bodily into it the lower edge of the part A’ of the stock, and thereby cover up, on one side of the tool, that portion of the cutter c which cuts a groove by the side of the bead, so that the tool may be used for forming a bead at the corner of an article when desired.

n n designate spurs for cutting the grain of the wood, which spurs are substantially the same as in other tools of this class.

D designates the bottom gage for regulating the depth of the cut, which gage is substantially the same as that used in plows and analogous tools. The grooves b in the stock are formed with the bottom substantially flush with the outside of the stock at its lower end, as shown most clearly in Fig. 7, whereby the outer faces of the stock are always substantially flush with the outer vertical faces of the cutter, no matter what width of cutter is secured between the two parts of the stock. This fea-
ture in a plane-stock composed of two parts, so as to always bring the outer vertical faces of the stock in proper position to the cutter, is found in am prior patent issued to myself March 4, 1873, but 11ot in connection with the manner of clamping the tool hereinbefore described.

I claim as my invention —

In a bench-plane, the combination of the two-part stock having cutter-grooves formed in the confronting faces of said parts, for receiving the edge of the cutter, and mechanism for binding the two parts of the stock upon the cutter to clamp it edgewise, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
HENRY S. WALTER,
WILLIAM j. WORAM.

No. 266,519 – Carpenter’s Plow (Frank A. Rappleye) (1882)

[paiddownloads id=”324″]266519

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

FRANK A. RAPPLEYE, OF KENDAIA, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE AND LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

CARPENTER’S PLOW.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 266,519, dated October 24, 1882.
Application filed February 15, 1882. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK A. RAPPLEYE, of Kendaia, in the county of Seneca and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carpenters’ Plows, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in convertible carpenter’s plow and slitting-tool having an attachable and detachable slitting-knife located upon one side of the bottom face of the stock and a fence upon the opposite side of said face; and the objects of my invention are to produce a readily-convertible plow and slitting-tool at a trifling cost over that of an ordinary plow, and to gage and regulate the depth of cut ofthe slitting-knife by means of the bottom face of the stock coming into contact with the top face of the strip severed by the slitting-knife. I attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drwaings in which —

Figure 1 is a side elevation. Fig. 2 is an end view, and Fig. 3 is a side elevation of substantially the same tool in a somewhat different form.

The stock A, handles B B, and adjustable fence C may be the same as in any ordinary plow. It is essential, however, that the fence C shall be adjustable to and from the stock A and capable of being secured in position parallel to the stock, and, as shown in Fig. 2, it should project downward below the bottom edge or face of the stock A.

The patent to Justus A. Traut, of March 4, 1873, shows one good form of a plow-stock and fence; but other plows may be employed, if desired. At one side of the stock A, and near its forward end, is a. vertical socket having transverse set-screws a, within which socket I place the shank b of the slitting-knife D, which knife is a thin blade rounded and sharpened on its forward edge. This knife may be adjusted in its socket or seat, so as to make its point or lower end project any desired distance below the bottom face of the stock A, and when so adjusted it may be firmly held in place by means of the set-screw a. By means of said set-screw and socket the knife is made an attachable and detachable one.

When this plow is to be used for slitting boards or other stock into strips the ordinary plow-bit is removed from the stock A and the slitting-knife adjusted to cut the desired depth by projecting it the desired distance from the bottom face of the stock A. The fence C is also set a distance from the knife D equal to the width of the desired strip. The instrument is then placed with the fence C against one edge of the board to be slit and with the knife over one face of the board, as shown in Fig. 2, said board being indicated therein by broken lines. By bearing down upon the forward end of the plow-stock and forcing it along over the board, substantially as in plowing, the knife can readily be forced into the board until the bottom face of the stock A comes in contact with the face of the board and prevents the slitting-knife from cutting any deeper, thus making the ordinary plow-stock A serve as a depth-gage by its bottom face coming in contact with the upper face of the strip slit off. The stock being close to the knife D, and between said knife and the fence, it can always serve as a depth-gage, even when the piece to be slit is but a hair wider than the distance between the slitting-knife D and the fence C.

In Fig. 3 the slitting-knife D’ is in the form of a flat slotted blade, and the seat which supports said body is in the form of a vertical slot or open socket made in one side of the stock A. A bolt passes from the stock through the slot in the body of the knife, and a set-nut, a’, on said bolt holds the knife in position when once adjusted. The operation is the same as that of the parts shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and hereinbefore described.

It will be noticed that in both forms of knives the fence is upon one side of the stock A and the knife is upon the opposite side.

The additional cost of this improved tool over that of the ordinary plow is much less than the cost of a special slitting-tool, while it is also much more convenient to have the plow convertible into a slitting-tool than it is to use two different tools for plowing and slitting.

I am aware that marking and slitting gages of various styles have been used for slitting boards when the knife or marker was mounted in a stock or frame of its own; also, that a scoring knife or spur has been employed in planes and set between the stock and the fence to prepare the way for the planing-knife, and I hereby disclaim the same.

I claim as my invention —

The convertible plow and slitting-tool, substantially as hereinbefore described, consisting of the plow-stock A, adapted for the attachment and detachment of the ordinary plow-bit, the slitting-knife D, secured to one side of said stock, and the fence C, secured to the opposite side, the bottom face of said stock being between the fence and knife, the latter extending downward from the lower outside corner of the stock, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

FRANK A. RAPPLEYE.

Witnesses:
MICHAEL ROAN,
BUEL WILBUR.

No. 219,186 – Improvement In Bench-Planes (Justus A. Traut) (1879)

[paiddownloads id=”305″]219186

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JUSTUS A. TRAUT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO STANLEY RULE AND LEVEL COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 219,186, dated September 2, 1879; application filed June 9, 1879.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS A. TRAUT, of New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a central longitudinal section of a bench-plane which embodies my invention. Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the same, taken on a plane parallel with the plane-iron and just under it; and Fig. 3 is a side elevation of a detached part thereof.

The invention is principally designed for a cheap plane with a wooden stock.

The first part of the invention relates to the manner of and devices for securing the cap A, which holds the plane-iron in place. B designates the stock, made of wood, and throated or mortised out for the plane-iron, like ordinary plane-stocks. C designates a frame composed of a slotted plate, a, and two arms, b b, with rounded ends. This plate extends laterally, so as to span the front of the mortise in the stock, and its arms extend backward by the sides thereof. This frame C is secured to the stock by means of a screw extending through the slot in the plate of said frame.

Notches are formed in the upper side of the cap A, near the edges, as shown in Fig. 1, which receive the ends of the arms b b, said arms, when the frame is secured, forming bearings for the cap to swing on, and to hold it against the plane-irons D when the screw c is tightened.

A cap swinging on bearings and provided with tightening-screw is not new with me, but the peculiar construction of these bearings enables me to dispense with a long iron frame upon the top of the stock, usually employed in wooden planes having such a cap, and, furthermore, the mortise in different stocks will vary somewhat, so that it is oftentimes desirable to secure the plate farther up or down upon the inclined side of the mortise, to bring the ends of the arms b b at the proper distance from the plane-iron. The slot in the plate of the frame enables this adjustment to be made, after which the screw is tightened to secure the frame in place.

The adjusting device which I employ in this style of plane is in the nature of an improvement upon the compound-lever adjustment patented to Henry Richards and myself in Re-issue No. 7,565, dated March 20, 1877 . A narrow mortise is made in the stock under the plane-iron D, in the middle of its width, and upon the bottom of said mortise I secure the base E of the adjusting device to the stock. This base has two standards or projections, d e, in the former of which is the fulcrum for the main lever F, and in the latter is one fulcrum of the angle-lever G. This angle-lever, as its name implies, has two arms, the outer end of one of which arms is pivoted to the standard e, and the outer end of the other arm is pivoted to the lever F, between its fulcrum and its free or handle end. This lever G is slotted longitudinally, so that the main lever passes through and works in said slot, the two opposite sides of the angle-lever being connected by a bridge or pad, f, as shown. The upper side of this pad is provided with fine transverse serrations, and the under side of the plane-iron is serrated in like manner. The top of the pad is slightly rounded. The position of the adjusting device upon the stock should be such that the serrated pad is nearly under or opposite the end of the tightening-screw c. In fact, one of the advantages of this construction of the compound lever is that the connection with the plane-iron may be directly opposite the tightening-screw., so that fine serrations may be employed without any danger of disengagement by the springing of the plane-iron, because the tightening-screw will not allow the iron to spring at that point.

The plane-iron is set in position with its end somewhere near the bottom face of the stock, and then its upper end is allowed to engage the serrated surface of the bridge on the angle-lever. The cap-plate is then placed and secured in position, as shown in Fig. 1. Pressing down upon the outer end of the main lever F will depress the arm of the angle-lever, which is pivoted to said main lever, causing the angle-lever to turn on its fulcrum in the standard e, when the bridge will be carried forward, and the plane-iron with it, to project its cutting-edge more or less, as may be desired. The reverse movement of the lever draws the plane-iron backward.

I am aware that the plane-iron and various adjusting devices having coarse notches or serrations taking into each other at various points not opposite the tightening-screw have heretofore been used, and I hereby disclaim the same.

I claim —

1. In a bench-plane, the frame C, composed of slotted plate a and arms b b, in combination with an ordinary wooden plane-stock and holding-cap, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

2. In a bench-plane, the combination of the holding-cap having tightening-screw at its upper end, the plane-iron with fine serrations upon the underside, and an adjusting mechanism having a finely-serrated pad for engaging those in the iron, and with said pad located opposite the proper position for the tightening-screw, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

3. In a bench-plane, the combination of the base-plate E, the main lever F, pivoted thereto, and the angle-lever G, having one of its arms pivoted to said base-plate and the other arm pivoted to the main lever, and also provided with a device for connecting it with the plane-iron, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.

Witnesses:
T. A. CONKLIN,
JAMES SHEPARD.

No. 216,577 – Improvement In Flexible-Faced Plane-Stocks (Samuel D. Sargent) (1879)

[paiddownloads id=”303″]216577

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

SAMUEL D. SARGENT, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO STANLEY RULE AND LEVEL COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN FLEXIBLE-FACED PLANE-STOCKS.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 216,577, dated June 17, 1879; application filed April 16, 1879.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL D. SARGENT, of New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Flexible Faced Plane-Stocks, of which the following is a specification.

My invention consists of the combination, in a flexible-faced plane-stock, of the body of the stock, having a transverse recess adjacent to the throat, with an independent throat-piece fitted to said recess and having the flexible face attached, as hereinafter described; also, in the throat-piece, of malleable metal, independent or otherwise, and provided with a series of lugs rigidly formed in one and the same piece with the throat-piece, in combination with the flexible face-plate having a series of holes through which said lugs pass, as hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a flexible-faced plane-stock which embodies my invention. Fig. 2 is alongitudinal section of the same through one side of the stock. Fig. 3 is a detached portion of the flexible-faced plate and attached throat-piece of the same. Fig. 4 is a detached under-side view of said throat-piece, and Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional view on line x x of Fig. 3.

The flexible-faced stock, the mechanism for adjusting said face-plate, and the mechanism for adjusting the plane-iron are, with the exception of the parts hereinafter described, substantially the same as shown in the two patents to H. M. Clark, September 25, 1877; but they may be of any other style or kind.

The body of the stock A, I make of iron and with a dovetailed groove transversely across the bottom at the point where the throat a is designed to be located.

A dovetailed throat-piece, B, is fitted snugly into said groove, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. This throat-piece has the ordinary throat a formed in it, through which throat the cutting-bit or plane-iron extends.

The flexible face-plate C is firmly secured to said throat-piece before it is inserted in the stock.

Heretofore, so far as I know, the flexible face-plates of circular plane-stocks have been secured directly and permanently to the stock, and generally by screws the heads of which were ground or polished off so as to take out the slot therein. A face-plate so secured could not be removed for repairs by an ordinary carpenter, and in any event could only be removed with more or less difficulty.

I intend to have the stocks and throat-pieces made by machinery and all alike, so that in case it is desired to remove the flexible face-plate and replace it with a new one it is only necessary to disconnect the ends of the face-plate and drive out the throat-piece.

A new face-plate can be ordered from the factory and inserted in its place, all of which can be done by any ordinary carpenter or mechanic, and without returning the plane-stock to the factory.

Thus it will be seen that the throat-piece and its attached face-plate are both attachable and detachable from the stock, whereby I call the throat-piece an independent one.

So far as the above feature of my invention goes the face-plate may be secured to the independent throat-piece by screws, rivets, or in other ordinary manner; but I prefer the method hereinafter described, and which constitutes the second feature of my invention.

I make the throat-piece of some kind of malleable metal, (good malleable iron will answer,)
and with a series of lugs, b, upon its under side. A mill is then run over the surface of the throat-piece both lengthwise and crosswise, to mill the entire surface, except that occupied by the lugs, leaving them square, as shown in Fig. 4.

A series of holes of corresponding shape and location are punched in the face-plate, which holes are conntersunk on the face side of the plate by a proper revolving tool. The lugs of the throat-piece are then driven into the holes in the plate, their ends upset or riveted, and then polished off, when the plate is ready for use.

The under face of the throat-piece outside of the lugs may be slightly rounded, and said piece may be made so thick that the face-plate will project slightly below the other parts of the stock, so that a good convex curve may be given to the face of said plate.

A few of the advantages of the solid lugs on the throat-piece are as follows, viz: Being short and solid, there is only the thickness of the plate for them to stretch, give, or work in, whereby they form a much firmer fastening than screws or rivets, which are necessarily longer, and the lugs may be set nearer to the throat a, especially with reference to the beveled side of the throat, thereby allowing the greatest possible freedom in bending the face-plate of the stock, while at the same time it is secured firmly.

I have herein described this second feature of my invention as embodied in an independent throat-piece; but if desired the same rigid lugs might be formed contiguous to the throat in the stock, the stock and throat-piece being made of a single piece of malleable iron, in which case the throat-piece would not be an independent one, but all the advantage of a firm fastening, by reason of short lugs and of fastening the face-plate near the edge of the throat, would be embodied in such a stock.

I claim as my invention —

1. In a flexible-faced plane-stock, the body of the stock, having a transverse recess adjacent to the throat, in combination with an independent throat-piece itted to said recess and having the flexible face attached, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

2. In a flexible-faced plane-stock, the throat-piece, of malleable metal, independent or otherwise, and provided with a series of lugs rigidly formed in one and the same piece with the throat-piece, in combination with the flexible face-plate having a series of holes through which said lugs pass, substantially as described, and fbr the purpose specified.

SAMUEL D. SARGENT.

Witnesses:
JAMES SHEPARD,
WILL. B. THOMSON.

No. 195,480 – Improvement In Circular Planes (Henry M. Clark) (1877)

[paiddownloads id=”282″]195480

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

HENRY M. CLARK, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANLEY RULE AND LEVEL COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN CIRCULAR PLANES.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 195,480, dated September 25, 1877 application filed August 6, 1877.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY M. CLARK, of New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Circular Planes, of which the following is a specification:

My invention consists of a connecting mechanism for the two ends of the flexible bottom of a circular plane, so that they necessarily move together, in combining therewith a single operating device, in the peculiar construction of parts, and in their combination, as hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a circular plane, which embodies my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the same on line y y of Fig. 3, and Fig. 3 is a horizontal section of the same on line x x of Fig. 2.

In Fig. 1 the flexible bottom A is set in a convex position for dressing a concave surface, and in Figs. 2 and 3 it is set in a concave position for dressing a convex surface.

Circular planes having a flexible bottom and mechanism for holding the same when set in various circles are old; but, so far as I know, the two ends of the flexible bottom have never before been so connected as to necessitate their simultaneous movement. These prior planes had no mechanism for moving the ends of the flexible bottom, but only mechanism for holding the ends in place when moved by hand; and these holding mechanisms were entirely independent of each other, so that unless great care was taken in setting the bottom, one end would be bent to conform to one sized circle and the other end to conform to a circle of a different size.

The object of my invention is to adjust the flexible bottom more conveniently than heretofore, and to always adjust both ends to the same circle.

The flexible bottom A is secured to the stock B by screws taking into the stock at each side of the throat, in the usual manner of securing the same in circular planes.

At one side of the stock B short shafts a a are secured in proper bearings, so as to partially rotate therein. On the inner ends of said shafts a a, and in the middle of the stock B, rocking levers C C are rigidly secured, so as to rotate with said shafts. The outer ends of the rocking levers C C are connected to the ends of the flexible bottom A by means of the links b b.

On the outer ends of the shafts a a, rigidly secured, are segment-gears c c, which mesh into each other and necessitate the movement of one shaft with its fellow.

Inasmuch as the rear end of the flexible bottom is longer than its front end, and describes a larger circle in bending, the segment-gear on the front or short end is made larger than the segment-gear on the long end, in order to cause the latter to move enough faster than the former to compensate for the difference in the size of the circle described by the two ends of the flexible bottom.

In the front end of the stock B there is a rocking block or nut, d, which receives the adjusting-screw e, surmounted by a suitable knob or handle, D. The screw e is also provided with an internal thread, running in the opposite direction from that of its external thread, which internal thread receives the adjusting-screw e’, the lower end of which is connected by a pin or other jointed connection to one of the levers.

By turning the adjusting-screw e e’, the lever C, to which it is connected, is either depressed or lowered, according to which way the screw is turned, thereby partially rotating the shaft a. The segment-gear on the outer end of the shaft, meshing into a like gear on its fellow shaft, carries the opposite lever with the one connected to the screw, and the ends of the flexible bottom being connected by the links to said levers, as shown, must necessarily move together; and if the size of the segment-gears is properly arranged in relation to the circles described by both ends of the flexible bottom, said ends will both of them always be bent to conform to the same circle under all the various adjustments which they undergo.

The double screw e e’ is merely for the purpose of increasing the motion of the lever, and may, if desired, be omitted, and a single screw substituted therefor.

Other means might be employed for moving the levers or securing them in place without changing the portion of the invention which relates to moving both ends of the flexible bottom together.

If desired, the segment-gears might be separated a little and a worm placed between them, so as to engage the teeth thereof, whereby turning the worm will simultaneously move both segment-gears, levers, &c., in either of which modifications a single handle only has to be manipulated to operate both ends of the flexible bottom.

I claim —

1. In a circular plane, the combination of the flexible bottom A and mechanism, substantially as described, connecting its two ends, for necessitating their simultaneous movement, substantially as described.

2. In a circular plane, the combination of the flexible bottom A, mechanism, substantially as described, connecting its two ends and necessitating their simultaneous movement, and a single adjusting or operating handle, substantially as described, and for the purpose specfiied.

3. In a circular plane, the combination of the stock B, flexible bottom A, link b, rocking lever C, and adjusting-screw e, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

4. In a circular plane, the combination of the flexible bottom A, links b b, levers C C, shafts a a, and sement-gears c c, substantiallly as described, and for the purpose specified.

HENRY M. CLARK.

Witnesses:
T. A. CONKLIN,
JAMES SHEPARD.