Tag: Plow Planes

No. 109,174 – Improvement In Planes (Lewis Bundy) (1870)

[paiddownloads id=”175″]109174

United States Patent Office.

LEWIS BUNDY, OF MOOER’S FORKS, NEW YORK.

Letters Patent No. 109,174, dated November 15, 1870.
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IMPROVEMENT IN PLANES.

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The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEWIS BUNDY, of Mooer’s Forks, in the county of Clinton and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Combination Match-Plane and Plow; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof; which will enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing forming part of this specification.

This invention relates to a new and useful improvement in a combined match-plane and plow, for working in wood, whereby tongues and grooves of variable depth and of variable width of margin may be cut; and

It consists in connecting with a plane-stock two adjustable rabbet-planes and an adjustable grooving-tool or plow, arranged to operate as hereinafter more fully described.

In the accompanying drawing —

Figure 1 represents a top or plan view of the cornbined tools.
Figure 2 is a view of the rabbeting side of the tool, and showing the gauge on the stock.
Figure 3 is a view of the opposite side, showing the grooving-tool or plow.
Figure 4 is a cross-section of fig. 1, taken on the line x x.

Similar letters ot reference indicate corresponding parts.

A is a central stock, with a handle, B, at each end, the cutting-tools connected therewith being arranged on both sides, so that the stock has to be reversed for cutting a tongue and a groove.

C and D are bars which pass transversely through the stock, (to which they are rigidly attached,) and stand at right angles therewith.

The ends of these bars extend out from either side of the stock, as seen in fig. 1, and the grooving and rabbeting-planes are mortised so as to receive the bars, and are made adjustable thereon, or made to slide to or from the sides of the stock, and are held in any desired position by means of set-screws, marked E.

F and G are two rabbet-planes, which are thus placed upon one side of the stock, and which are adjustable on the bars independently of each other, so as to adapt those planes (or either of them) to other uses than simply cutting tongues for the grooving-plane or plow on the other side of the stock.

H is the plow, which is adjustable to or from the stock, the same as the rabbet-planes.

I is the metallic plate which supports the plow-iron J, and enters the groove as it is cut, as is common with grooving-plows.

K is the gauge on the side of the stock for governing the margin or the distance from the side or angle of the lumber to the groove.

L represents the opposite side of the stock or gauge for the rabbet-planes.

N represents adjustable gauges for governing the depth of cut of the rabbet-planes and the plow.

The inside rabbet-plane F is made to discharge its shaving inward toward the stock, the latter being recessed out, so as to allow of a free discharge.

For tonguing and grooving lumber of varying thicknesses, and for various other purposes in house-joining and other kinds of wood-work, this combined tool will be found ofthe greatest advantage.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

The plane-stock A, in combination with the bar G, plow H, and rabbet»planes F G, constructed and operating as and for the purpose described.

LEWIS BUNDY.

Witnesses:
CHARLES GALE,
CLINTON P. SHELDON.

No. 102,630 – Improvement In Attaching Handles To Joiners’ Plows (Charles H. Weigle) (1870)

[paiddownloads id=”165″]102630

United States Patent Office.

CHARLES H. WEIGLE, OF YORK, PENNSYLVANIA.

Letters Patent No. 102,630, dated May 3, 1870.
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IMPROVEMENT IN ATTACHING HANDLES TO JOINERS’ PLOWS.

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The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES H. WEIGLE, of York, in the county of York and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Removable Handles for Joiners’ Plows and Arm-Fillisters; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 represents a side view of my invention, partly in section.
Figure 2 is a horizontal section of the same, taken in the line x x, fig. 1.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts.

This invention relates to a new and useful mode of applying handles to joiners’ plows and arm-fillisters, whereby said implements may be used with a handle, and with far greater facility than hitherto, the handle being readily detached when the tool is not required ibr use, and is to be stowed away.

The invention consists in having a dovetail install-socket secured in the rear of the stock of the tool, and having the front edge of the handle provided with a dovetail metallic nib to fit into the socket, as hereinafter fully shown and described, whereby the desired end is attained.

A represents a portion of the stock of an ordinary joiners’ plane, and B is a metallic dovetail socket, which is let in the rear end of the stock, and secured in position by screws a.

C represents a wooden handle, which is constructed similarly to a saw-handle, and has a metallic rib, D, secured to its front side, said rib having a dovetail at its front part to fit into the socket B.

By this means the handle may be readily fitted to the plow, and also readily detached therefrom.

One handle will answer for a number of different tools, if they are all provided with a socket, B; and, when a plow is not in use, the handle may be detached, and the former put away without monopolizing any more room than usual.

I am aware that a patent was issued to W. S. Loughbrongh, April 4, 1854, having a similar object in view, and I therefore disclaim as any part of my invention all features of construction found therein.

Having thus described my invention,

I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

The metal dovetail socket B, secured by screws as in a recess in the rear end of the wooden stock A of the plane, and adapted to receive the rib D on the front edge of the handle C, all as shown and described.

CHAS. H. WEIGLE.

Witnesses:
WILLIAM DENULY,
JOHN B. WENTZ.

No. 98,108 – Improvement In Carpenters Plow (Royal B. Rice) (1869)

[paiddownloads id=”159″]98108

United States Patent Office.

ROYAL B. RICE, OF WILLIAMSBURG, MASSACHUSETTS.

Letters Patent No. 98,108, dated December 21, 1869.

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IMPROVEMENT IN CARPENTERS’ PLOW.

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The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROYAL B. RICE, of Williamsburg, in the county of Hampshire, und State of Massachusetts, have made and invented n new and useful Improvement in Carpenters’ Matching-Planes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, und exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed druwings, making a part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane embodying my improvement.
Figure 2, a detached end elevation of the plate in which is arranged the coulter.
Figure 3, at side elevation of the coulter detached from the plate,
Figure 4, at plan of the coulter inverted.
Figures 6 and 7, side and edge elevations of at tool for removing the coulter irom the plate.
In the accompanying drawings —

The part marked a represents the wood or body.
b, the fence.
c, the plate.
d, the bit.
e, the key.
f, the screw-knob, by turning which the foot g is raised or depressed, and the depth of the furrow thereby regulated.

h h’ are screws, provided with nuts i i’, also with corresponding nuts on the opposite side of the wood a, whereby is regulated the distance of the fence b from the plate c.

My invention consists in so constructing and arranging at coulter, with reference to the bit or iron d, that in “touguing” or “grooving” lumber, the edges of the shavings to be removed by the bit d shall have been previously cut by the coulter k, greatly facilitating such operations.

In practice, I make the coulter k of a rectangular form, providing the same with depending cutting-lips m m’, end with rebates n n’‘. In the plate c, I cut a notch, wherein I arrange the coulter, as in figs. 1 and 2. The coulter k is held in piece simply by fitting the notch in plate c snugly.

The lips m m, being lower than the bit d, first out the edges of the shavings, which are then removed by said bit.

The essence of my invention is the combination of the lips m m’ with the bit d.

By means of the tool represented in figs. 6 and 7 , the coulter k may be easily removed ffom plate c, and other coulters inserted to correspond with bits (d) of different widths that may be used in the same wood a.

Thus having described the construction and operation of my invention,

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The coulter k, constructed and arranged with reference to bit d, as herein specified.

ROYAL B. RICE.

Witnesses:
T. M. CARTER,
J. B. GLEASON.

No. 97,328 – Improvement In Carpenters’ Plows (Harmon Vanbuskirk) (1869)

[paiddownloads id=”156″]97328

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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HARMON VANBUSKIRK, OF VIENNA, MICHIGAN.

IMPROVEMENT IN CARPENTERS’ PLOWS.

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Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 97,328, dated November 30, 1869; antedated November 21, 1869.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARMON VANBUSKIRK, of Vienna, in the county of Genesee and State of Michigan, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Plow-Planes for Carpenters’ Use; and I do declare that the following is a true and acurate description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, and being a part of this specification.

The nature of this invention relates to an improvement in the construction of plow-planes for the use of carpenters and joiners, by means of which the implement maybe set for use more accurately and readily than when constructed in the ordinary manner; and it consists in the employment of a right-and-left-hand screw, and a suitable guide, and arms secured to said guide and passing through the stock.

In the drawings, A represents the stock, and B the guide, which are both constructed in the usual manner.

C are the arms, rigidly secured at one end to the guide, while the opposite ends are inserted into and pass through proper holes through the stock, which holes should be of the size of the arms, allowing them to slide freely through said holes without play.

D is a right-and-left hand screw, provided with small hand-wheel a in its longitudinal center. Suitable female screws are cut through the body A and guide B, which engage with either end of this screw.

E are set-screws passing downward through the top of the body, and are intended, when the tool is set for use, to impinge on the arms and prevent the same from slipping.

The right-and-left-hand screw may be made of wood or metal, as may be most desirable.

In plow-planes of the usual construction the arms are both provided with suitable screw-threads and nuts, rendering it necessary for the operator to adjust both ends of the implement separately, requiring considerable skill and time. With my improvement the proper set is obtained by the one screw, and the operator saves time and trouble.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The right-and-left-hand screw D, when used in the construction of carpenters’ plow-planes, as herein described, in combination with stock A and guide B, all operating substantially as herein set forth.

HARMON VANBUSKIRK.

Witnesses:
JAS. I. DAY,
THOS. S. SPRAGUE.

No. 76,051 – Improvement In Carpenters’ Planes (E.M. Chapin And Solon Rust) (1868)

[paiddownloads id=”137″]76051

United States Patent Office.

E. M. CHAPIN AND SOLON RUST, OF PINE MEADOW, CONNECTICUT.

Letters Patent No. 76,051, dated March 31, 1868.
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IMPROVEMENT IN CARPENTERS’ PLANES.

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The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

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TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that we, E. M. CHAPIN and SOLON RUST, of Pine Meadow, in the county of Litchfield, and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Ploughs and other Fence-Tools for Joiners’ Use; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable those skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification.

The object of this invention is to construct a joiners’ plough and other similar tools, which are provided with adjustable fences, in such a manner that the fence-guides and screws will not extend through the body or stock of the implement, as is now the case, and which is a source of a great deal of annoyance in using such tools, rendering it necessary for the workman, each time the tool is used, to remove out of the way, or to one side, tools and implements of various kinds on the work-bench, which may chance to be at the right-hand side of the tool and near the same.

The invention has further for its object the connecting of the adjusting-screw to the stock of the implement in such a manner that said screw, in case of being broken or injured in any way, may be detached with the greatest facility, and a new screw inserted.

Figure 1 is a plan or top view of our invention.
Figure 2, a side view of the same, partly in section.
Figure 3, a transverse section of the same, taken in the line x x, fig. 1.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

A represents the body or stock of the implement, which may be constructed in the usual way, and B is the fence, which may also be of ordinary construction.

C C are two metallic guides, which are firmly secured, by screws or otherwise, to the face or sole of the stock A, one near each end of the same, said guides being parallel with each other, and provided each with a longitudinal slot, at, extending nearly their whole length. These guides pass through mortises in the fence, the latter being allowed to slide freely on them, and secured at any desired point on the guides by set-screws b b, which pass vertically through the fence into nuts therein below the guides, and press collars c upon the same, as shown clearly in fig. 2. The guides C C project from the left-hand side of the stock A of the plough, and do not extend to the right-hand side of the same.

D is a screw, which passes through the upper part of the fence B, about in line with its centre, and works in an internal thread therein. The inner end of this screw, which is of wood, is turned down to form a tenon, d, which is fitted in the side of the stock A, and allowed to turn freely therein. In the opposite side of the stock A there is made an opening, rather larger in diameter than the opening which receives the tenon d of the screw, but concentric with it, (see fig. 3,) and in this larger opening there is fitted a cylindrical wooden head, e, which has a hole made longitudinally in its inner end, to receive the teuon d, the tenon being secured in e by glue or by a screw.

By this arrangement the screw D has two bearings, f, g, one, f, the shoulder, formed by the tenon clwhich bears against the side of the stock A, and the other, g, the inner end of the head e, which bears against the inner end of the opening in which said head is iitted, as shown clearly in fig. 3.

The fence B is adjusted by turning the screw D, as will be readily seen; and in the event of the breaking of the screw, or the same being injured in any way, it may be cut off adjoining the stock A, and the tenon d driven out of the stock.

The present plan is to have a groove cut circumferentially in the screw, and a key inserted in the stock, so as to pass down into the groove. This plan involves the necessity of withdrawing the key in order to liberate the screw, in case the latter becomes broken or injured. This is attended with considerable diiiiculty, and the stock is invariably more or less disfigured by the operation.

The guides and screw are at one side of the stock only, not projecting through the stock at all, and hence are not in the way of articles on the right hand of the stock, as is the ease with the ordinary ploughs and other adjustable fence-tools, and which involves the necessity of moving articles on the work-bench out of the way of the screws and guides, each time the implement is used.

We claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

The joiners’ plough, constructed as described, and consisting of the stock A, having slotted, flanged guides C projecting from one side, the fence B, screw D, formed with a, tenon, d, and fitted with at head, c, and the thumb-screws c’ b, provided with collars c, all arranged and operating in the manner and for the purpose set forth.

E. M. CHAPIN,
SOLON RUST.

Witnesses :
B. G. LOOMIS,
GEORGE W. CHAPIN.

No. 67,671 – Improvement In Carpenters’ Planes (Russell Phillips) (1867)

[paiddownloads id=”132″]67671

United States Patent Office.

RUSSELL PHILLIPS, OF GARDINER, MAINE, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND NATHAN WESTON.

Letters Patent No. 67,671, dated August 13, 1867.
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IMPROVEMENT IN CARPENTERS’ PLANES.

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The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

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TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, RUSSELL PHILLIPS, of Gardiner, in the county of Kennebec, and State of Maine, have invented a new and useful Improved Joiners’ Plough ; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others to make and use my invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 shows a side elevation of my invention.
Figure 2, a portion of the top of the horizontal arm, having the graduated scale.
Figure 3 is an end view of my invention, and a view of the top of the end and slides.
Figure 4, a view of a portion of the reverse side of fig. 1.
Figure 5, an edge view of the iron or cutter.
Figure 6, a portion of the adjustable guide or gauge.

Same letters show like parts.

My invention has relation to that tool employed by certain mechanics, joiners, &c., called a plough, and consists in certain improvements thereupon, which may be separately or conjointly used.

I will now describe in detail the different improvements combined in my invention. a shows the groove in which the iron or cutter is placed. It is there secured by means of the clamp b and slide c. Fig. 4 shows the manner in which the slide c is held in place, being by means of a slot and a lip, d, on the side opposite to the one shown in fig. 1. The lip d overlaps the edge of the slot, shown in fig. 4. e is a small projection, to rest against the end of the cutter, so that its edge shall not become dulled by striking or touching any part of the stock. The cutter is fully described hereafter. The cutter, being placed in the groove a, is secured as follows:

As illustrated in fig. 4, the slot in which the slide c moves is curved, so that when the slide is pressed downward, or toward the bottom of the plough, the clamp b is pressed upon the cutter; and when the slide is moved up, the clamp is released or loosened, and its pressure upon the cutter taken away. The clamp b swings on its pivot f. Place the cutter in the groove a, press the slide downward, thus forcing the clamp b upon the cutter, and the cutter is held in place. In this method there is this advantage: With the old form of fastening the cutter or iron, when the wedge that holds it is driven inward by the blow of the hammer or other implement the entrance of the wedge within the stock carries with it, somewhat, the cutter, so that when the cutter has once been adjusted as the mechanic desires, it is made to project further, by being carried inward with the wedge which holds it. Besides this inconvenience, it is difficult to adjust readily. With my invention, the cutter is placed in the desired position, so as to cut into the lumber the desired depth, and can then be immediately fastened by pressing the slide c downward. Moreover, as the clamp b does not slide at all, but simply pushes against the cutter, the cutter is not moved in the least from the desired position, but remains as placed by the user. g, fig. 5, shows the iron or cutter; this has a cutting edge at both ends. These two can be made of different sizes and widths, as seen in the drawing, so as to cut grooves or channels of different widths and sizes. It has a groove, h, to fit over the edge i, to aid in holding it securely. The end of the cutter not employed passes into the recess behind the projection e, and thus its edge is kept from injury till wanted. j is a thumb-piece, for convenience in placing the cutter in its place, and to strike upon with a hammer to move the cutter up or down slightly when it is held by the clamp b. k k are the cutting edges of the iron. l l l l show points projecting beyond the edges k k, which enable the iron to do its work not only with but also across the grain of the wood. These points are sharp, and cut the fibres of the wood before they are reached by the edges k, and thus prevent tearing or breaking out of the work. A shows the single horizontal arm employed in my invention, and upon which the guide or gauge B slides. Upon its top is a channel, with the graduated scale, so that the distance that the gauge is set from the cutter g can be accurately adjusted. Upon this there is no screw-thread, as upon the old form of plough, and, as before remarked, I use but a single arm. This admits of a much easier, more accurate, and readier arrangement for use. The gauge or guide B is made of metal, and has a portion, n, which turns on a hinge, and can be lifted up so as to leave the space o. The object of this will be hereafter described. p are slides, one on each side of the stock of the plough, near the forward end, moving in recesses, and held at any point by the thumb-screw q, which slides in the slot r, shown in fig. 1 by the dotted lines. These slides have at their bottoms the horizontal plates s, one on each side of the plate t. The combination of these devices forms a gauge by which the degree of the penetration of the cutter g into the wood can be governed. By loosening the thumb-screw q, the slides may be raised or lowered, as desired, on either side of t, (see fig. 3.) and, as seen in fig. 1, the cutter is intended to rest against the side of t, so that the depth of the groove to be cut can thus be exactly controlled, and measured by the graduated scale x on the end of the stock, (see fig. 3.) Most of the work to be done by this tool is near the edge of boards or other wood. In such a ease it might happen that the gauge or guide B could not be brought sufficiently near the plate t on account of the projection of the horizontal plates s. This I obviate by the arrangement shown in fig. 6, before described. When the trap an is lifted, as seen in the drawing, the gauge B can be brought quite close to t, one of the plates s entering the space o. In use, one hand of the mechanic rests upon the guide B, where a wooden handle is supplied. The handle upon the stock is seen at D, being placed at the end of the stock, and lower down than is ordinary, with the view that the force applied to the tool is all or nearly all exerted in a horizontal direction, which lessens the labor of using the plough, and makes it more effective. The handle is secured by the removable bolt u, so that if broken the handle can easily be taken off and another substituted. All the parts described, except the arm A, handle D, and a portion of the guide B, are made of metal, which makes the whole tool cheaper, less cumbersome, stronger, and more convenient. The clamp b being made of metal, quite smooth, and slightly rounded, enables the tool to clear itself quite readily of the shavings made in using it. The method of confining the gauge or guide B at any desired point is by the use of the thumb-screw m.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. The reversible cutter shown in fig. 5, as and for the purposes specified.

2. The arrangement of the two slides p p, thumb-screw q, slot r, plates s s, graduated scale x, and plate t, as and for the purposes set forth.

RUSSELL PHILLIPS.

Witnesses:
WILLIAM HENRY CLIFFORD,
HENRY C. HOUSTON.

No. 532,842 – Bench Plane (Justus A. Traut And Edmund A. Schade) (1895)

[paiddownloads id=”65″]532842

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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JUSTUS A. TRAUT AND EDMUND A. SCHADE, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

BENCH-PLANE.

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SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 532,842, dated January 22, 1895.
Application filed June 20, 1894. Serial No. 515,114. (No model.)

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JUSTUS A. TRAUT and EDMUND A. SCHADE, citizens of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to that class of bench-planes known as “molding-planes,” the object being to provide an improved plane of that class adapted for doing work of a wide range both in form and size, also means for adjusting the diiferent parts of the plane in all directions, in accordance with the work to be done, while maintaining the simplicity, compactness of construction, and readiness of adjustment and manipulation necessary to a practically operative tool of such comprehensive character.

Our present invention is in the nature of an improvement upon the inventions shown in Letters Patent No. 294,825, granted to Justus A. Traut March 11, 1884, and No. 505,119, granted to Eppie J. McCulloch September 19, 1893.

In the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a plan view of a bench-plane embodying our present improvements. Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the same. Fig. 4. is a longitudinal sectional side elevation, in line x–x, Fig. 1, of the parts above said line. Fig. 5 is a similar view of the parts below said line. Fig. 6 is a transverse section in line b–b, Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is an elevation detail of the auxiliary runner hereinafter referred to. Fig. 8 is a similar view of an intermediate runner or gage, also hereinafter referred to. Fig. 9 is a transverse sectional end elevation in line y–y, Fig. 1. Fig. 10 is a detail in side elevation, taken from the right, of an adjustable stop or gage, and adjacent parts, to be hereinafter described. Fig. 11 is a similar view of one of the spurs. Fig. 12 is a longitudinal section in line z–z, Fig. 11. Fig. 13 is a detail sectional side elevation of a cutter, its clamping and adjusting devices and adjacent parts. Fig. 14 is a sectional detail in line v–v, Fig. 13. Fig. 15 is a similar view in line w–w, Fig. 13. Fig. 16 is a sectional detail in line u–u, Fig. 14. Figs. 17 to 20, inclusive, are sectional rear elevations, showing. various adjustments ot the tool for different kinds of work. Fig. 21 is a similar view of a modification to be hereinafter described.

Similar characters designate like parts in all the figures.

According to our present improveinents the body-portion of the plane comprises a main stock A, provided with transversely-arranged rods or pins B and C, upon which an auxiliary stock, designated in a general way by D, is adjustable toward or from the main-stock in lateral direction. The rods or pins also support the end gages E and F, which are adapted to be similarly adjusted in lateral direction, to regulate the distance of the cut from the edge of the piece of board or other material to be operated upon. The usual handle, 72, is provided upon the main stock for actuating the plane, and handles, 73 and 74, are secured to the edge-gages in a manner which will be hereinafter more fully described.

The main-stock has secured thereto, by means of rivets or otherwise, the usual steel blade or runner 75; and an adjustable blade or runner, 2, is mounted upon the auxiliary stock D. In order to provide a clear space at the throat of the plane for the shavings to pass out, the front and rear portions of this adjustable runner 2 are permanently connected, preferably by means of a lateral arch or brace, 3, as shown in detail in Fig. 7. The end portions of the auxiliary stock are also connected and supported in a similar manner by means of a second lateral arch or half-ring brace, 4.

The rods or pins B and C are, preferably, each made of a single piece, and are held securely in place in the sockets, 5 and 6, of the main-stock A, by means of binding-screws, 7 and 7’, which admit of lateral adjustment of the rods when the character of the work requires it.

As clearly shown in Fig. 9, the auxiliary stock D is provided with sleeves, 8 and 9, within which the rods B and C are j ournaled, and upon which rods said sleeves, and the connected parts of the auxiliary stock, have a free, sliding, lateral movement. Each of said sleeves is secured within one of the corresponding sockets, 10 and 11, of the auxiliary stock, and said sockets are usually formed integral with the stock itself and its supporting arch 4. The runner 2, the form thereof shown in Fig. 7, is provided with oblique slots, 12 and 13, and said runner is adjusted upon the stock by the play of said slots upon the sleeves 8 and 9. The adjustable runner is held in place laterally by means of flanges, 8′ and 9′, upon the inner ends of the corresponding sleeves. Milled nuts, 14 and 15, are provided upon the outer screw-threaded ends of the sleeves 8 and 9, to hold said sleeves in place, and also for the purpose of obtaining a secure lateral hold upon the runner 2, by means of the flanges 8′ and 9′, and thereby preventing shifting of said runner in lateral direction. The vertical adjustment of the runner 2 is obtained by means of a long screw-rod, 16, preferably provided with right-and left-hand threads of different pitch, to prevent slipping of the screw. The upper end of the screw passes through the threaded shoulder 17, which is cast integral with the body-portion of the auxiliary stock, while the lower end or point of said screw works within a screw-threaded aperture (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 5) in the arch or brace, 3, connecting the front and rear portions of the runner 2. When said screw 16 is turned to the right, — that is, in the usual direction, — the runner will, through its slots 12 and 13, ride down upon the sleeves 8 and 9 ; and conversely, when said screw is turned to the left, the said runner will in the same manner ride up said sleeves. The difference in pitch and direction of the threads upon said screw prevents the slipping of said runner when adjusted to position without further locking; but when desired, the milled nuts 14 and 15 may be turned still farther, to bind the runner firmly in its adjusted position. Binding-screws, 18 and 19, pass through correspondingly-threaded apertures in the sockets 10 and 11, and through longitudinal slots 20 in the sleeves 8 and 9, and impinge and bind against the rods B and C, thus securing the auxiliary stock, with its connected parts, firmly in place upon said rods and in fixed relation laterally to the main-stock A.

Each of the side or edge gages, E and F, is provided with a double sleeve or socket for each of the rods B and C, said sockets being designated in a general way by G. As shown in Fig. 2, said sleeves are formed integral with the body of the gage, are superposed, and are provided with a common binding-screw, 76. This binding-screw works in a threaded aperture, 21, placed transversely and at the median line of the apertures in the sleeves. The points of said screw 76 are beveled, and thus the screws are adapted to bind against the rods B and C, whether said rods are placed in the upper or the lower sleeve-openings, in the manner described in the patents hereinbefore referred to.

For rough work and for work where the plane is set level, the gage E, shown at the right of Fig. 9, is sufficient; but for fine work requiring delicate adjustments of the gage, or an oblique position of the plane with respect to the work, or both, we make use of the adjustable gage F, clearly shown at the left of said Fig. 9. Here the main or fixed rail 77 is provided with the integral sockets 22, two or more in number, and within each of these sockets is a bolt, 23, surrounded by a coiled spring, 24, spanning the space between the inner side of the head of the bolt and the end-wall of the socket, which, as shown, merges into the rail 77. The inner end of said bolt is screw-threaded at 25, as shown, and is set within a correspondingly-threaded aperture in the face of an auxiliary rail 78. The movable rail 78 is adjusted with respect to the main rail 77 by the turning ot the adjusting-screw 79 to the right or left, the force of the spring 24 serving to prevent movement of the parts after the adjustrnent of the movable rail is made. A simple movable rail with a fiat edge or face is sufficient so far as delicacy of adjustment of the gage is concerned; but for tilting the plane to an oblique position, it is necessary that a two-part adjustable rail be provided, the bearing-face of which may oscillate about an axis in the non-oscillatory member thereof.

In Fig. 9, 73 is shown as having a semi-circular rib or tongue upon its inner face, and is provided also with an axially-disposed rod or spindle, 26. The oscillatory rail 80 is concaved to conform to the outline of the rib 27 upon the rail 78; and a screw, 28, passing through the rail 80 and countersunk therein, also passes through a peripheral slot 29 in the rib 27 and is engaged at its point by a threaded recess in the spindle 26. It will, of course, be understood that at least two such connections of the parts 78 and 80 must be made. When the rail 80 is to be adjusted, the set-screw 28 is loosened slightly, and said rail oscillated upon the axis 26 until it is in the proper position, when it is locked there by tightening the screw. By means of this two-part adjustable gage or rail, the plane may be set to any desired slant to conform to the character of the work to be done.

Upon a post on the forward end of the auxiliary stock D, said post being designated in a general way by I, is adjustably mounted a third or intermediate blade or runner 30. The mounting of said runner will now be described, as this feature is one of the essential points of this invention. Working within a transverse guide-way, the lower wall of which is shown at 31, in Figs. 2, 6 and 9, is a laterally-movable slide, 32, that is adapted to be locked in position, when adjusted, by means of a binding-screw 33 and washer 34; the body of the screw working in a guide-slot, 35, traversing said slide longitudinally for the greater portion of its length. From the inner end of said slide rises a post or bracket, designated in a general way by 36, and the inner face of said post is provided with a vertical guide-way, the inner wall of which is shown at 37, in Figs. 6 and 9. The vertical arm 30′ of the intermediate runner 30 is adapted for vertical movement in said guide-way, and is locked, when set in position, by means of a binding-screw and washer, 38 and 39, in the manner just before described, the body of the screw working in the slot or guide 40 in the vertical arm of the runner 30. A fine adjustment of said runner in a vertical direction is secured in the following manner: The post 36 is provided with a vertically-threaded bore parallel with the arm 35 of the intermediate runner, and within this bore is set a threaded rod or spindle, 41. A nut, 42, is adapted to ride up and down the thread of said rod, and carries with it a flange, 43, working in a corresponding slot or recess, 44, in the outer face of the vertical portion of the intermediate runner 30, whereby said intermediate runner is adjusted in vertical direction as desired. When so adjusted, the runner is locked in position in the manner just described. It will be seen that we thus provide both a vertical and a lateral adjustment for this runner, and that these adjustments can be as readily effected as the adjustments of the runner 2 upon the auxiliary stock. These adjustments, moreover, are entirely independent of the adjustments of the auxiliary runner 2, as the adjusting-slides and guide-ways are mounted upon a fixed portion of the toe of the auxiliary stock.

While both of the movable runners are adjusted vertically and laterally, independently of each other, and while each is also independently adjustable, vertically and laterally, of the fixed runner on the main stock A, there is a certain dependency of adjustment of the movable runners, due, however, solely to the inclination of the plane, when at work in a position similar to those shown in Figs. 18, 20 and 21.

For the purposes of our present invention, it is immaterial whether the intermediate runner and its adjusting-means are placed upon the auxiliary stock or upon the main stock, as the intermediate gage would be actuated and controlled in the same manner and perform the same functions in both cases. In Fig. 21 we have shown the said runner, with its adjusting-slides, guides, and adjusting and clamping-screws, mounted upon the main stock, A, of the plane.

Referring now particularly to Figs. 13 to 16, inclusive, the adjusting and clamping-devices for the cutter, or plane iron, will now be described.

45 designates the cutter, which is secured to the adjusting-screw 46 by means of a pin-and-slot connection 47, said screw working in registering threaded apertures in the bracket 46′ and being controlled, in the usual manner, by means of a hand-wheel 48. As will be seen from Fig. 1, the slot in the cutter is upon the extreme outer edge, in line with the edge-wall of the cutter-slot, to adapt the plane for use with wide or narrow irons. Rotation of the adjusting-screw is prevented by means of a pin, 49, working in the longitudinal slot or groove 50 in said screw. When the cutter has been adjusted to the proper depth, it is clamped in position by means of a clamping wedge-bolt, designated in a general way by 51, and working in an aperture or bore, 52, extending entirely through the main stock transversely but in a slightly oblique direction. The head 51′ of this bolt is beveled off to conform with the inner side of the main stock, and the lower face thereof, which binds against the upper side of the cutter 45, is filed off obliquely, as shown at 512, to form a wedge adapted to be crowded against the said face of the cutter and clamp the cutter against the rear wall 53 of the cutter-slot. As will be seen, the action of this clamping-bolt is such that when it is drawn into its bore 52 by the rotation in the corresponding direction of the nut 54, it will wedge against and clamp the cutter in place; while when it is forced out of the said bore by the turning of the nut in the opposite direction, it rises away from and unlocks the cutter. This wedging action, as will be seen, admits of the clamping in position of very wide or very narrow cutters as well as very thick or very thin cutters. In the upper face of the head 51′ of the clamping-bolt, is a slot, 513, co-operating with a pin, 55, passed through the upper wall of the main stock downwardly into the bore 52. This pin-and-slot connection prevents rotation of the clamping-bolt when actuated by the turning of the nut 54, so that only a reciprocatory movement will be imparted to the bolt by the nut. The nut 54 is provided with a circumferential groove or slot, 54’, and is held in place against the outer wall of the main stock, and just within the entrance to the bore 52, by means of a holding-plate, 56, surrounding the narrow portion of the nut at said slot or groove and held to the main stock by means of a set-screw 57. The nut is thus free to turn without danger of falling out of the bore 52.

Directly in front of the clamping-device for the cutter, and upon the outer side of the main stock near the toe thereof, is a depth-gage, or stop, designated in a general way by K, and clearly shown in Figs. 9 and 10. As shown, this gage consists of a face-plate, 81, having a perpendicular adjusting rod or post screw-threaded at 82. This adjusting-rod or bolt works in the vertical bore of a socket, 58, integral with the main stock of the plane, and is raised or lowered by means of a flanged nut, 59, the flange 59′ of which works in a transverse slot or groove, 58’, in said socket, the construction being similar to that of the nut 42 for adjusting the intermediate gage or runner 30. A clamp-nut, 592, holds the screw-post in place when adjusted. A scale, 60, is provided upon the main runner, for convenience of adjustment of the depth-gage, Both the depth-gage and its scale may be duplicated upon the outer side of the auxiliary runner, if desired, the socket for the gage being shown at 61 in Fig. 3, and the scale at 62 in Fig. 2.

When using the cutter or plane-iron as a plow, we throw into operation a spur, 63, rectangular in its general outline, but having rounded spur-points, 63′ and 632. A longitudinal slot, 633, with sloping or beveled walls, extends through the body of the spur and forms a guide-way for a conical-headed set-screw, 64. This spur is set into a vertical recess, 65, in the runner of the main stock, (see Fig. 11) and the spur is held in place within said recess by the expansion of its side-walls by the screw 64 when said screw is forced home within its seat, — the threaded aperture that extends through the main-stock runner transversely, as shown in Fig. 12. A second spur, 66, (as shown in Fig. 2,) is secured to the outer side of the auxiliary runner 2. This arrangement forms a very effective means for locking the spur firmly in place, and is very simple in construction. Either one of the two points of the spur may be brought into operation by removing and re-setting the screw 64, and the spur locked in position against the walls of the runner by the expansion of the thin sides thereof by the screw.

The side-gages or fences are interchangeable and may be used upon either side of the body of the plane. Moreover, the plane-gage E may not only be used upon either side of the stock, but it may also be reversed so that the handle will be nearest the body of the plane, and the rail or face-plate farthest therefrom. This arrangement of the gage is intended particularly for center-beading wide material, for which a very long reach is necessary. This gage, therefore, has its rail or face-plate ground with parallel sides, 67 and 68, so that the work. may be held properly whichever side may be in use. The under sides of the arms, 69, of the gage E are also ground at the points 70 to a plane parallel with the plane of the sole 71 of the rail or face-plate These upper stops thus form a guide or bearing-face on which to run the plane when used upon wide material for center-beading, &c.

The bearings, G, of the side-gages are connected by the handles 73 and 74, in such a manner that they are brought into the proper position for holding the plane with the hand which is not used for grasping the main handle 72. By means of the two side-edges, the material to be operated upon may be held firmly between the two face-plates or rails, so as to steady the plane laterally, and thus, in connection with the runners upon the main and auxiliary stocks, hold the plane to its course. We consider this as of importance, especially when a workman has to use the plane continuously for a considerable period of time. Another advantage arising from the use of two side-gages is that one of them may be set lower than the other, the rods B and C being put through the upper of the bearings G in one gage and through the lower bearings in the other gage, according to the character of the molding to be produced by the work-man. When the side-gage is carried by the rods in the upper bearings thereof, the face-plate or rail of the gage will usually extend below the cutter, so that, if desired, only a portion of the full width of the cutter may be used. Under some circumstances, the said rail may also extend below the cutter when carried by the rods in its lower bearings. The adjustable rail of the gage F is, preferably, provided with an overhanging flange, 83, in order to prevent the choking of the space between the adjustable rail and the main body by the falling of chips and shavings therein.

In Figs. 17 to 21, inclusive, we have illustrated a number of different arrangements or adjustments of the parts of our improved plane for different kinds of work. In Fig. 17 is shown the adjustment for making a tongue. Here the intermediate runner or gage 30 is set for the depth of the tongue, with the main and auxiliary runners at the same level, the side-gages being adjusted to engage the faces of the board. The corresponding groove in the opposite piece of material is made by substituting a proper grooving-cutter for the deep-slotted cutter used for forming the tongue, the position of the intermediate runner being correspondingly altered.

Figs. 19 and 20 illustrate different adjustments of the runners for plain molding from opposite sides of the piece of material. Fig. 21 illustrates a somewhat different adjustment of the runners to that shown in Fig. 20; but here the intermediate runner is mounted upon the main stock of the plane, and the adjustable side gage disposed at the opposite side of the work.

A further modification of the adjustable rail of the side gage F is here shown, at 84, as permitting both upward and downward tilting of the gage, whereby additional adjustability is provided therefor.

We consider as of especial importance the addition to a bench-plane having an auxiliary runner, vertically and laterally adjustable, of a third runner intermediate of the main and auxiliary runners, as by the use of such third runner a central and more perfect bearing-surface is secured for the plane, and the work of the cutter more perfectly and thoroughly accomplished, especially in beading, center-beading, and grooving or rabbeting.

All of the runners are relatively thin and adapted to lie substantially contiguous to one another, so that they will track in correspondingly-narrow and relatively-adjacent grooves or channels in the work, as in forming narrow beads close together upon the material.

As the control of the adjustments of the intermediate gage is entirely independent of the adjustments of the auxiliary runner, readiness of manipulation is assured, and both hands of the workman may be used to simultaneously set the two adjustable runners to the positions desired. As before stated, it is immaterial whether this third gage be mounted upon the main or the anxiliary stock, as the adjustments can be as readily made from the one part of the tool as from the other. It will be observed that a very fine adjustment of this gage is obtained by means of the nut 42 riding upon the spindle 41, and carrying with it the runner. A substantially similar fine adjustment of the depth-gage or gages is also provided, which insures greater accuracy and precision in the laying out of the work to be done. The same may be said of the adjustment of the auxiliary gage or runner by means of its threaded bolt or spindle working in the fixed bracket or shoulder of the auxiliary stock; and a very stiff support is formed by this construction in connection with the clamping-sleeves and nuts upon the supporting-rods for the side-gages of the auxiliary stock. This clamping-sleeve and nut, in connection with the thumb-screws passing through the bore of the bearing of the auxiliary stock and through the slot in the sleeve, form a very secure and rigid clamping-means for holding the stock to said rod and the auxiliary runner to the inner face of the stop by means of the flanged inner end of the sleeve; as by means of the nut upon the outer end of said sleeve the gripping effect of said flange may be increased or diminished at will, to accord with the work being done.

The adjustment and locking of the cutter or plane-iron may be also very perfectly controlled by the setting of the cutter by means of the screw-post or spindle and hand-wheel, and the locking of the clamping wedge-bolt set at an angle sufficient to compensate for variations in thickness of different cutters. By means of the pin-and-slot connection, a very narrow cutter can be as perfectly set and clamped in place as a very wide one. Moreover, the adjusting-nut for said clamping-bolt is at all times in position for use, and cannot possibly be displaced or lost without removing its locking-plate.

By means of the side-gages, an approximate adjustment thereof upon the rods B and C may be obtained, and said gages then locked in position by the usual clamp-screws. A subsequent fine adjustment of the gage having the adjustable rail or face-plate is then effected by the turning of the adjusting-screw 79, which forces said adjustable rail away from the main fixed rail in opposition to the action of the springs. Various modiiications of this adjustable gage may be made, so long as the principle thereof — viz: normally holding said parts together by spring-pressure, and gradually separating them to regulate the distance of the adjustable rail from the fixed rail — is adhered to. As the two side-gages are interchangeable, it will be readily seen that our improved plane can be quickly and easily adjusted to any position for any kind of work, and that mutual adjustability of parts is not confined to the movable runners alone, but is also present in the gages as well. In addition to this, the position of the fixed gage can be reversed at either side of the stock, so as to accommodate material of either narrow or broad widths, a feature of special importance in center-beading upon wide material. The additional vertical adjustments of the gages rendered possible by inserting the rods in either the upper or the lower bearings are also of importance in using a cutter having its cutting-point considerably in advance of its cutting-heel, as one of the gages can then rest in its upper bearings while the other rests in the corresponding lower bearings. It also enables the workman to use either the full width of his cutter or only a portion thereof. The reversibility of the fixed gage is also a very useful characteristic when operating upon wide pieces, as the under sides of the connecting arms joining the fixed rail and the bearings of said gage, being in a plane parallel with the sole of the gage, rest upon the upper edge of the work and practically form a depth-gage therefor, thus steadying the plane, when working upon wide material, in a very perfect manner; and in connection with the outer face of the gage-rail, which is then in contact with the side of the material, a guide is formed which is as accurately adjusted with respect to the work as when the gage is in its usual position. The very long reach obtained by this reversal is, as before stated, especially useful for center-beading work.

The connection of the bearings of the auxiliary stock, and of the toe and heel portions of the auxiliary runner, by means of stiff arches or half-ring braces, forming between them one side of the plane-throat and affording ample clearance for the shavings and chips thrown out by the cutter, is a structural detail which we have found to be of very material importance in actual practice.

The clamping-device for the cutter or plow-iron is not essentially different from those now in use, except that it is placed obliquely to the cutter and the wedge corresponding in shape. By this means we obtain a much firmer hold upon the iron, and the cutter is, moreover, much more readily clamped and unlocked.

Having thus described our invention, we claim —

1. In a bench-plane, the combination with the main stock and its runner, of an adjustable auxiliary stock and runner, an independently-adjustable runner intermediate of said main and auxiliary stocks and carried by one of said stocks and adapted to form a central bearing-face for the plane, and means for positively maintaining said last-mentioned runner in its several positions independently of said first-mentioned runner, all of the runners being relatively thin and adapted to lie substantially contiguous to one another whereby said runners will track in correspondingly-narrow and relatively-adjacent grooves or channels in the work, substantially as described.

2. In a bench-plane, the combination with the main-stock and its runner, of an auxiliary stock laterally adjustable with respect to the main stock, an auxiliary runner mounted upon said auxiliary stock and vertically adjustable thereon, a runner having independent vertical and lateral adjustments with respect to the main and auxiliary runners and carried by one of said stocks and adapted to form a central bearing-face for the plane, and means for positively maintaining said last-mentioned runner in its several positions independently of said first-mentioned runners, all of the runners being relatively thin and adapted to lie substantially contiguous to one another whereby said runners will track in correspondingly-narrow and relatively adjacent grooves or channels in the work, substantially as described.

3. In a bench-plane, the combination with the main stock and its runner, of an auxiliary stock laterally adjustable with respect to the main stock, an auxiliary runner mounted upon said auxiliary stock and vertically adjustable thereon, a third runner also mounted upon the auxiliary stock and adjustable thereon independently of the auxiliary runner and adapted to form a central bearing-face for the plane, and means for positively maintaining said third runner in its several positions independently of the first-mentioned runners, all of the runners being relatively thin and adapted to lie substantially contiguous to one another whereby said runners will track in correspondingly — narrow and relatively — adjacent grooves or channels in the work, substantially as described.

4. In a bench-plane, the combination with the main stock and its runner, of an auxiliary stock laterally adjustable with respect to the main stock, an auxiliary runner mounted upon said auxiliary stock and vertically adjustable thereon, and a third runner also mounted upon the auxiliary stock and vertically and laterally adjustable thereon independently of the auxiliary runner and adapted to form a central bearing-face for the plane, and means for positively maintaining said third runner in its several positions independently of the first-mentioned runners, all of the runners being relatively thin and adapted to lie substantially contiguous to one another whereby said runners will traclr in correspondingly – narrow and relatively – adjacent grooves or channels in the work, substantially as described.

5. In a bench-plane, the combination with the main and auxiliary stocks and runners, of a third runner intermediate of the main and auxiliary runners and carried by one of said stocks and adapted to form a central bearing-face for the plane, a vertical adjusting-arm or slide for said third runner, a laterally-adjustable guide fixed against vertical movement with respect to the main and auxiliary runners, a clamping device for said lateral guide, a threaded spindle upon said guide, a nut traveling upon the spindle and carrying with it the vertical arm of the runner, and a clamping-device for said arm, and adapted to lock said third runner in its vertically-adjusted position, all of the runners being relatively thin and adapted to lie substantially contiguous to one another whereby said runners will track in correspondingly — narrow and relatively — adjacent grooves or channels in the work, substantially as described.

6. In a bench-plane, the combination with the main stock and its runner, of lateral rods extending from said main stock, an auxiliary stock mounted upon said rods and adjustable in lateral direction thereon, an auxiliary runner having oblique parallel guides adapted to engage said rods to positively maintain said runner in parallelism with the cutter or plane-iron, and an adjusting-screw working in a bore in the auxiliary stool; in parallelism with said oblique guides and controlling the vertical adjustment of t.he auxiliary runner and adapted to transmit the force ot said runner to the auxiliary stock in a line parallel with said guides, whereby said auxiliary stock forms a positive stop for said runner longitudinally of the adjusting-screw and maintains said runner securely in its adjusted position, substantially as described.

7. In a bench-plane, the combination with the main stock and its runner, of lateral rods extending from said main stock, an auxiliary stock mounted upon said rods and adjustable in lateral direction thereon, an auxiliary runner having oblique parallel guides adapted to engage said rods and to positively maintain said runner in parallelism with the cutter or plane-iron, and a right-and-left-hand adjusting-screw working in a bore in the auxiliary stock in parallelism with said oblique guides and controlling the vertical adjustment of the auxiliary runner and adapted to transmit the force of said runner to the auxiliary stock in a line parallel with said guides, whereby said auxiliary stock forms a positive stop for said runner longitudinally of the adjustingscrew and maintains said runner securely in its adjusted position, substantially as described.

8. In a bench-plane, the combination with the main stock; and runner, of lateral rods extending frorn said main stock, flanged sleeves mounted upon said rods and carried in bearings in the auxiliary stock, an auxiliary runner guided upon said rods obliquely parallel with the cutter or plane-iron and supported laterally between the flanges of said sleeves and the adjacent bearing-faces of the auxiliary stock, and an adjusting-screw mounted upon the auxiliary stock and controlling the vertical adjustment of the auxiliary runner and adapted to maintain said auxiliary runner in its adjusted position, substantially as described.

9. In a bench-plane, the combination with the main stock and runner, of lateral rods extending from the main stock, screw-threaded flanged sleeves mounted upon said rods and carried in bearings in the auxiliary stock, an auxiliary runner guided upon said rods obliquely parallel with the cutter or plane-iron, and supported laterally between the flanges of said sleeves and the adjacent bearing-faces of the auxiliary stock, adjusting-nuts upon said sleeves, and an adjusting-screw mounted upon the auxiliary stock and controlling the vertical adjustment of the auxiliary runner and adapted to maintain said auxiliary runner in its adjusted position, substantially as described.

10. In a bench-plane, the combination with the main stock, and lateral rods extending therefrom, of an auxiliary stock having bearings in line with said rods, laterally-adjust able flanged sleeves carried in said bearings and mounted upon said rods, the flanges of said sleeves adapted to carry between them and the adjacent bearing-faces of the auxiliary stock the auxiliary runner and thereby positively maintain said auxiliary runner against lateral movement, registering-apertures in the bearings and sleeves, and clamp-screws working in said apertures and adapted to lock the auxiliary stock to the rods, substantially as described.

11. In a bench-plane, the combination with the main stock and runner, and lateral rods extending from said main stock, of an auxiliary stock and runner, laterally-adjustable sleeves mounted upon said rods and carried in bearings in the auxiliary stock, and means carried by said sleeves forming with the auxiliary stock vertical guides adapted for directing the corresponding movements of the auxiliary runner and for positively locking said auxiliary runner against lateral displacement, substantially as described.

12. In a bench-plane, the combination with the main stock and runner, and lateral rods extending from said main stock, of an auxiliary stock and runner, laterally-adjustable sleeves mounted upon said rods and carried in bearings inthe auxiliary stock, means upon said sleeves engaging the auxiliary runner, and means for clamping said sleeves and runner aud forming with the auxiliary stock vertical guides adapted for directing the corresponding movements of the auxiliary runner and for positively locking said auxiliary runner against lateral displacement laterally in their adusted positions, substantially as described.

13. In a bench-plane, the combination with the main stock and runner, and lateral rods extending from said main stock, of an auxiliary stock, and runner, means for adjusting said runner vertically upon the auxiliary stock, and laterally-adjustable sleeves mounted upon said rods and carried in bearings in the auxiliary stock, said sleeves adapted to engage the auxiliary runner and form with the auxiliary stock vertical guides for directing the corresponding movements of the auxiliary runner and for positively clamping said auxiliary runner laterally in its adjusted position, substantially as described.

14. In a bench-plane, the combination with the main stock and runner, and lateral rods extending from said main stock, of an auxiliary stock, and runner, laterally adjustable sleeves mounted upon said rods and carried in bearings in the auxiliary stock, means upon said sleeves and co-operating with the face of the auxiliary stock adjacent to said sleeves for clamping the auxiliary runner laterally in its adjusted position, and means for simultaneously clamping the auxiliary stock and sleeves to the rods, substantially as described.

15. In a bench-plane, the combination with the main stock and runner, and lateral rods extending from said main stock, of the auxiliary stock and runner, laterally-adjustable sleeves mounted upon said rods and carried in bearings in the auxiliary stock, means upon said sleeves and co-operating with the face of the auxiliary stock adjacent to said sleeves for clamping the auxiliary runner laterally in its adjusted position, registering-apertures in the bearings and sleeves, and clamp-screws working in said apertures and adapted to lock the auxiliary stock and the sleeves to the rods, substantially as described.

16. In a bench-plane, the combination with the main stock and runner, lateral rods extending from said stock, and an auxiliary stock and runner mounted upon said rods, of gages also mounted upon said rods and upon each side of the body of the plane and adjustable toward and from the stock and adapted to engage the lateral faces of the work and to be positively held thereby against lateral movement relatively to the work when said gages are clamped to the rods, substantially as described.

17. In a bench-plane, the combination with the main stock and runner, and lateral rods extending from said main stock, of a laterally-adjustable side-gage mounted upon said rods and having an auxiliary member laterally and radially adjustable independently of the body of the gage and relatively thereto, and a resilient connection between said auxiliary member and the body of the gage and adapted to hold said members normally in engagement with each other, substantially as described.

18. In a bench-plane, the combination with the main stock and runner, and Iateral rods extending from said stock, of a laterally-adjustable side-gage mounted upon said rods and having a two-part movable rail comprising an intermediate member laterally-adjustable independently of the body of the gage and in parallelism therewith, an oscillatory face-plate hinged to said intermediate member, and a locking-means for said two-part rail, substantially as described.

JUSTUS A. TRAUT.
EDMUND A. SCHADE.

Witnesses:
FRED. J. DOLE,
ROBT. U. RUDDELL.

No. 216,979 – Improvement In Bench Planes (Jacob Siegley) (1878)

[paiddownloads id=”60″]216979

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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JACOB SIEGLEY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT IN BENCH-PLANES.

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Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 216,979, dated July 1, 1879; application filed December 6, 1878.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JACOB SIEGLEY, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Conibination Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the acompanying drawings, in which —

Figure 1 represents a side view of my improved bench-plane arranged as a plow. Fig. 2 is a side view of the gage or fence used therewith. Figs. 3, 4, and 5 are, respectively, a side view, top view, and vertical transverse section on line x x, Fig. 3, of the bead-plane to be used in connection with the stock of the bench-plane. Figs. 6 and 7 are a side view and a cross-section on line y y, Fig. 6, of a scratch-bead plane. Figs. 8, 9, and 11 are, respectively, a side view, top view, and vertical transverse section on line z z, Fig. 9, of the “dado” or rabbeting attachment ; and Figs. 10 and 12 are vertical transverse sections on lines c c and k k of the plane arranged as a plow or grooving-plane.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

This invention refers to such improvements in the bench-plane for carpenters’ use that the same may be used with greater facility either as a plow, bead-plane, scratch-bead, or dado or rabbeting plane for the different purposes of grooving, beading, and rabbeting, the parts of the plane and interchangeable attachments being so constructed as to take up much less room in the tool-chest than the common wooden planes in use. The different parts are also quickly adjusted on the main stock, and the work accomplished in a more perfect and accurate manner without any sandpapering or finishing of the edges.

The various attachments to the plane answer to all requirements of the work, and are, by the simpler, stronger, and more compendious shape, more convenient in use and less expensive than the diiferent sizes of wooden planes at present employed.

The invention consists of a main stock having a laterally adjustable and detachable side gage or fence, a vertically-adjustable double stop-gage, and interchangeable advance or lead cutters.

To eye-slots of the blade of the stock are locked the diiferent sizes of bead-planes, scratch-beads, and the dado or rabbeting plane, which are all provided with advance cutters for preventing the tearing of the edges by the cutters.

The dado is laterally adjustable to different sizes, and may, as well as the scratch-beads, be used in connection with the side gage and double-stop gages of the stock.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the stock of my improved bench-plane, which is made of iron or other suitable metal, with the customary handle and inclined bearing-surface for the detachable plow or grooving-iron B. The latter is secured to its bearing-surface by a pivot, lever, and clamp-screw, (shown in Fig. 1,) as commonly used in iron planes. Into the grooved bottom part of the stock is firmly secured the blade C, which extends throughout the whole length of the stock, and is recessed in suitable manner for the plow and other parts.

The blade C is provided with two or more eye-slots, a, which serve for admitting the beads of the locking-studs a’ of the bead-planes, scratch-beads, rabbeting-planes, and other attachments to be used in connection with the plow-stock A.

At one side of the stock extend horizontal guide-posts D, which are permanently secured to the stock, for the laterally-adjustable side gage or fence, E. This gage or fence E is hung by arms b, with horizontal sleeves b1, to the posts D, and readily adjusted thereon to any distance from the stock, and then secured by set-screws d, as shown in Figs. 2 and 12. This side gage serves to guide the plow, bead, or rabbeting plane at the required distance from the edge, in the well-known manner in bench-planes.

The stock A is next arranged in front of the plow, with a double stop-gage, F, whose shank F’ is vertically guided in recesses e of the stock and blade, and adjusted to any distance from the lower edge of the blade by a screw-nut, e1, working on the threaded bolt end of the shank F’. The rigid position of the double stop-gage F is secured by a side set-screw, e2, which prevents the gage from slipping while in use. The stop-gage extends at both sides of the stock-blade, and furnishes thereby a steadier and more reliable gage than the single stop heretofore in use at one side of the stock. The stop-gage is grooved at the under side, the groove extending centrally through its entire length, so as to enable the adjustment of the stop-gage to a point below the recess of the blade.

By this quickly-adjustable and positively-secured stop-gage the work is accomplished in a more reliable and accurate manner, and, owing to the rigid hold in the body of the stock, any possibility of irregular work prevented.

The blade has a vertical recess in front of the stop-gage F for the advance cutters G, which are shown in Figs. 1 and 10. These advance cutters are secured by means of a clamping-screw, f and the movable front portion, C’, of the blade C, the advance cutters being made of different sizes, corresponding to the different sizes of plows, so that each size of plow works with its corresponding size of advance cutter. The movable blade-section C’ is guided by slots on cross-pins ofthe stock, and firmly locked to the cutter G by the clamp-screw f The advance cutters do away with the work of running a gage over the board, and prevent the plows from tearing the edges in cross-grain timber. This is an important time and labor saving attachment, as it produces smoother edges and dispenses with the sandpapering or otherwise finishing of the same.

By means of the eye-slots of the blade a series of interchangeable bead-planes and scratch-beads, H, and a dado or rabbeting plane, I, may be used in connection with the plow-stock A. The bead-planes and scratch-beads H are shown in Figs. 3 to 7, a full set going with each stock. These are, like the dado, made of suitable metal, so as to take up less room, and are also more durable than the wooden bead-planes, which take up a great deal of room in the tool-chest and wear out rapidly. The bead-planes and dado are, in the same manner as the plow, provided with advance cutters G, that serve for the same purpose as the advance cutters of the plow.

The dado or rabbet plane is made adjustable to from three-eighths of an inch to one and one-quarter inch in width, one section being locked to the blade C, while the other section is adjustable on rigid posts of the fixed section by means of sleeves and set-screws, like the side gage, E, as shown in Figs. 8 and 9, for cutters of varying sizes. Both sections have advance cutters G, as shown in Fig. 11, so as to lead the way for the main cutters. There may also be used, in connection with the stock, a set of hollows and rounds, as well as a set of smaller molding-planes, which feature is of special advantage for carpenters in smaller cities, away from the planing-mills.

The bench-plane, with its different attachments, is very handy and useful for all workers in wood, as it is less expensive, more durable, more compact, and better adapted in every respect to the different requirements of that trade.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

1. The combination, in a bench-plane, of the stock A and blade C, having a movable front section, C’, with interchangeable advance cutters G, and with a locking clamp-screw, f, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with a plane-stock, A, and blade G, of a dado or rabbeting plane, I, which is locked, by a fixed plate having a longitudinal bottom shoulder, to the blade, and provided with a movable section or stock that is capable of adjustment on posts of the fixed plate, so as to receive different sizes of rabbeting-cutters, substantially as specified.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name, in presence of two witnesses, this 4th day of December, 1878.

JACOB SIEGLEY.

Witnesses:

PAUL GOEPEL,
ADOLF DENGLER.

No. 245,752 – Bench Plane (Jacob Siegley) (1881)

[paiddownloads id=”61″]245752

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JACOB SIEGLEY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 245,752, dated August 16, 1881.
Application filed September 4, 1880. (Model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JACOB SIEGLEY, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in the benchplane for carpenters’ use for which Letters Patent have been granted to me heretofore, under date of July 1, 1879, and numbered 216,979, the improvements being designed for the purpose of simplifying the construction and render the plane more convenient in use and less expensive.

The invention consists of a bench-plane the stock of which is provided with a fixed blade having a concave taper at its lower part, in combination with an auxiliary and laterally-adjustable blade having a similar taper symmetrically to that of the blade of the stock.

The invention consists, secondly, of a stock; which is provided at one side with detachable guide arms or posts tor the laterally-adjustable side gage or fence, and with shorter arms or guide-posts at the opposite side for the auxiliary blade. The plow or other cutting-tool is secured to the inclined bearing-surface of the stock by a wedge-piece and clamping-screw, the wedge-piece being guided along a flared cheek of the stock.

The invention consists, lastly, of the fastening of the advance cutters into grooves of the blades by clamping-screws flush with the blades.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate iny invention, Figure 1 represents a side elevation of my improved bench-plane ; Fig. 2, a vertical transverse section of the same on line x x, Fig. 1; and Figs. 3 and 4 are detail vertical transverse sections, respectively on lines y y and z z, Fig. 1, showing the fastening of the advance cutters to the blades of the plane and the locking wedge-piece of the plow or rabbeting-cutters. Figs. 5 and 6 are respectively a top view, partly in section, and a bottom view, of my bench-plane.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

In the drawings, A represents the stock of my improved bench-plane, which is made of iron or other suitable metal, with the customary handle at one end and an inclined bearing-surface, a, for the detachable plow or other cutting-tool B at the middle portion thereof. The plow B is secured to the bearing-surface by means of a sliding wedge-piece, B’, which is guided along a flared cheek, a’, of the stock A by means of a screw-post, b, secured to the wedgepiece, and a clamping-nut, b’, as shown, respectively, in Figs. 1 and 4.

The stock A is provided at its lower part with a fixed blade, C, which extends throughout the whole length of the stock, and is provided at one side thereof with a concave taper, d, as shown clearly in Fig. 2.

Horizontal guideposts D extend at one side from the stock and are screwed in detachable manner into sockets of the stock, and provided at the outer ends with diametrical holes for more easily detaching them from the stock. On the guide-posts D is supported the laterally-adjustable gage or fence E, which is secured in the usual manner to the post by set-screws. This gage orfence E serves to guide the plane when it is used as a plow, bead, or rabbeting plane, at the required distance from the edge, in the well-known manner in planes. The stock A is next provided, in front ofthe plow, with a stop-gage, F, which extends sidewise at both sides of the blade and is vertically adjustable in a recess of the blade, and secured at the proper height by a side clamp-screw, as shown in Fig. 1. The stock is furthermore provided, at the side opposite to that to which the guide-posts D ofthe fence E are applied, with fixed horizontal guide-posts G, which serve for the support of an auxiliary blade, C’ The blade C’ is attached to the lower ends of arms G’, the upper sleeve -shaped ends of which are guided on the posts G and secured thereto by set-screws. This auxiliary blade C’ is provided at its inner side, facing the blade of the stock A, with a concave taper, d’, which is symmetrical to that of blade C.

The auxiliary blade C’ is adjusted laterally on its guide-post for plows or cutters of different sizes, the concave edges of both blades C and C’ serving for guiding the plane along the bead formed by the bead-cutters. The tapering edges d d’ have but a small degree of concavity, so as to be adapted for use with the different sizes of bead-cutters.

The blades C and C’ are arranged between the plow or rabbeting-cutter and the stop-gage F, with advance cutters H, which are shown in Figs. 1 and 3. These advance cutters H are inserted into side grooves of the blades C and C’, which grooves encircle nearly entirely the advance cutters, so that they may be firmly forced by fastening clamp-screws e against the approaching edges ofthe grooves and thereby securely held in position. The cutting-edges of the advance cutters H are thereby in line with the outer surface of the blades C C’, which is essential for the proper action of the advance cutters. The advance cutters serve for all sizes of plows and cutting-irons and dispense with running a gage over the board and prevent the plows from tearing the edges in cross-grained timber.

When the advance cutters are worn out their fastening-screws are loosened and the cutters adjusted by being pushed downward in their guide-grooves and then reclamped by the fastening-screws, the heads of which are preferably flush with the blades. The advance cutters are made of the best steel, sharpened from time to time, and replaced by new cutters when worn out.

By means of the laterally-adjustable auxiliary blade and interchangeable ploivs and cutters the improved bench-plane may be used for grooving, beading, and rabbeting, either as a plow, bead-plane, scratch-bead, match-plane, and dado or rabbeting-plane. When used as a dado the fence and its guide-posts are detached, so as not to interfere with the hand in holding the square. It may be also used by the carpenter for sash-moldings and for other purposes, as it combines a number of useful features in a very compact and durable manner.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

1. In a bench-plane, the stock with fixed blade G and laterally-adjustable auxiliary blade C’, having concave tapers d’ on their inner sides, and an inclined bearing-surface, a, in combination with the holding device, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4, substantially as set forth.

2. In a bench-plane, the combination of the blades C C’, the side grooves therein, the arms G’, the advance cutters H, the stop-gage F, the guide-post D, and the fence E, substantially as set forth.

3. In a bench-plane, the stock having an inclined bearing-face, a, and a recess with a flaring cheek, a’ a, plow B, a sliding wedge-piece, B’, fixed screw-posts D, and clamping-nut b’, in combination with the fixed and adjustable blades C C’ and advance-cutters H, substantially as set forth.

4. In a bench-plane, the combination of the fixed and adjustable blades C C’, each having a vertical and nearly circular side groove or socket, with advance cutters H and clamp-
screws e, bearing on their inner sides, the advance cutters being, on the outer side, flush with the outer surface of the blades, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that 1 claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name, in presence of two witnesses, this 24th day of August, 1880.

JACOB SIEGLEY.

Witnesses:
PAUL GOEPEL,
CARL KARP.

No. 269,968 – Bench Plane (Jacob Siegley) (1883)

[paiddownloads id=”62″]269968

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JACOB SIEGLEY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 269,968, dated January 2, 1883.
Application filed May 22, 1882.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JACOB SIEGLEY, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specifcation.

This invention has reference to certain improvements in bench-planes, for which Letters Patent of the United States have been granted to me heretofore, which Letters Patent bear date, respectively, July 1,1879, and August 16, 1881, and are numbered 216,979 and 245,752, the improvements being designed with a view to lock the cutting-tool or plow in a more reliable manner and facilitate the forward feeding and adjusting of the same.

The invention consists of a bench-plane, the stock of which is provided with an inclined cutting-tool or plow, the upper surface of which is laterally grooved or serrated, to be engaged by a wedge-shaped locking-block having a correspondingly-grooved bottom, said block being secured against an inclined cheek of the stock by a lateral screw-post and clamp-nut, and moved forward by a longitudinal set-screw of the wedge shaped block, so as to raise or lower the plow in the stock.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a side elevation of my improved bench-plane, and Figs. 2 and 3 are respectively a detail section on line x x, Fig. 1, and a vertical transverse section on line y y, Fig. 2.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the stock of my improved bench-plane, which is made of cast-iron or other suitable metal, and with a handle of the usual form at the rear end. The middle part of the stock A is provided with an inclined recess, a, the lower surface of which forms the bearing-surface for the detachable plow or other cutting-tool B. The cutting-tool B is provided at its upper surface and near its middle portion with transverse grooves b b, which are engaged by the grooved or serrated bottom of a wedge-shaped locking-block, B’, the tapering top and side of which are guided along flaring cheeks d d of the stock A. The wedge-shaped block B’ is adjusted by means of a lateral screw-post, e, that is secured to the block and passed through a recess of the stock A, the block being tightly clamped to the stock and cutting-tool by a screw-nut, e’, as shown, respectively, in Figs. 2 and 3. The wedge-shaped block B’ is further arranged with a set-screw, j, that engages an interiorly-threaded socket of the wedge-shaped block B’, the set-screw f being arranged parallel to the cutting-tool or plow B, and provided with a head, f’, having socket-holes for inserting a suitable lever-pin, whereby the screw may be turned in one or the other direction. The head f’ of the screw f bears against a shoulder, f2, of the stock A, so that on turning the head the wedge-shaped block B’, and consequently the cutting-tool or plow B, is set higher or lower in the stock, as required for the proper setting of the tool. The wedge-shaped block B’ has to be of somewhat less length than the distance between the flaring front cheek, d, and the shoulder f2, so as to provide a certain play for the adjustment of the block and cutting-tool after the same has been placed in position in the recess of the stock. For adjusting the cutting-tool B the clamping-nut is first loosened and the cutting-tool adjusted so that its cutting-edge projects below the bottom surface of the stock A. The locking-block B’ is now clamped tightly to the grooved portion of the cutting-tool B, and, finally, the tool adjusted forward or back by means of the adjusting set-screw f so that the proper length projects below the bottom surface of the stock. In this manner a reliable locking device tor the cutting-tools of bench-planes is obtained, and a means whereby the cutting-tool may be accurately adjusted from time to time, as required by the work and the gradual wear of the tool.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

1. In a bench-plane, the combination of a stock having flaring cheeks, a plow or cutting-tool having transverse grooves at its upper surface, a wedge-shaped locking-block having a grooved bottom, means for clamping the block tightly to the cutting-tool. and means for longitudinally adjusting the locking-block and cutting-tool, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a bench-plane, the combination of the stock: A, having an inclined recess, a, flaring cheeks d d2, and shoulder f2, a plow or cutting-tool, B, having transverse grooves b b, a, wedge shaped locking-block, B’, having a grooved bottom, a, lateral screw-post, e, and clamp-nut e’, and a longitudinal set-screw, f’, all substantially set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JACOB SIEGLEY

Witnesses:
PAUL GOEPEL,
SIDNEY MANN.

No. 294,919 – Bench Plane (Jacob Siegley) (1884)

[paiddownloads id=”63″]294919

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JACOB SIEGLEY, OF WILKES-BARRE, PENNSYLVANIA.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 294,919, dated March 11, 1884.
Application filed July 6, 1883. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JACOB SIEGLEY, of Wilkes-Barré, Luzerne county, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Iinproveinents in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to certain improvements in bench-planes for which Letters Patent have been granted to me heretofore, which Letters Patent bear date. respectively, July 1, 1879, August 16, 1881, and January 2, 1888, and are numbered 216,979, 245,752, and 269,988, the improvements being designed with a view to cheapen the manufacture, increase the usefulness of the plane, and facilitate the handling of the same.

The invention consists of a bench-plane in which the fixed and movable blades are provided with advance cutters, which are inserted into sidewise-inclined perforations of said blades, and secured thereto by clamp-screws, so that the lower ends of the advance cutters project somewhat beyond the planes of the blades. The stock of the blade is provided with sockets cast integral therewith, for the purpose of receiving lateral guide-rods, which are made of one piece and clamped in said sockets by means of set-screws. The front part of the stock has a horizontal slot for the purpose of receiving the rim of a screw-nut, which engages the threaded shank of a stop-gage, said shank being guided in suitable holes arranged in the stock, while the stop-gage is guided in a recess of the laterally-adustable cage or fence.

In the accompanying drawings, Figures 1 and 2 are side views, showing both sides of my improved plane. Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section on line x x, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a similar section on line y y of the same figure.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the stock of my improved bench-plane, which is made of cast-iron or other suitable metal, and provided with a handle of the usual form at the rear end. The middle part of the stock A is provided with an inclined recess, a, in which a cutting tool or plow, B, of any required width is guided and locked in any approved manner, preferably by the means shown in Letters Patent No. 269,968, dated January 2, 1883. Along the lower part of the stock is arranged a fixed blade, C, while a second movable blade, C’, is arranged sidewise of and parallel to the fixed blade C, as will be shown hereinafter. Each of these blades C and C’ contains a laterally-inclined perforation that extends from the upper to the lower part of each blade, so that the lower end of the perforation opens partly at the outer side and partly at the bottom of its respective blade, as shown in Figs. 1 and 8. The advance cutters g and g’ are attached into said perforations by means of set-screws it It in such a manner that the cutting-edge of each cutter projects slightly at the side and lower edge ofthe blades C and C’, thereby providing a better clearance in the work for the plow. The stock A is provided at its front and rear part with openings and sockets A A’, that project at both sides of the same, for the purpose of receiving the guide-rods D and D’, which are made of one continuous piece and of the same thickness throughout, and secured in said sockets by means of set-screws d d’. Larger and smaller guide-rods D D are furnished with each plane, so as to adjust the movable blade C’ at one side and a fence, E, at the other side of the stock, to a greater or smaller distance from the same. On one side of the stock these guide-rods pass through the sleeves r and r’, which are cast in one piece with the blade C’, and secured by means of set-screws s s’. The sleeves and the blade C’ can be adjusted to various distances from the blade C, according to the width of the plow B. At the opposite sides of the stock A the guide-rods D D’ pass through sleeves t t’‘, which are attached to the gage or fence E. The sleeves t t’ are provided with set-screws u u’, for the purpose of laterally adjusting the gage E as the nature of the work may require. A horizontal slot, a2, is cut in the front part of the stock A, for the purpose of receiving the rim of the screw-nut F, which engages the threaded shank F’ of a stop-gage, F2, so as to raise or lower the same on turning the serew-nut F in one or the opposite direction. The shank F’ is guided in suitable holes arranged in the flanged stock A. The stop-gage F2 can thus be adjusted by means of its screw-shank and nut to any desired depth. The blade C’ is also furnished with a stop-gage, f, that is guided in a socket and secured by means of a setscrew, f’. The gage or fence E is provided with a, recess, i, for the stop-gage F2, so as not to interfere with the same, even when the gage E is placed close to the blade C of the stock A.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

1. In a bench-plane, the combination of the fixed and adjustable blades C C’, each having a laterally-inclined perforation, with advance cutters g g’ and clamp-screws h h’, the advance cutters projecting at their lower ends slightly beyond the outer side plane of the blades C C’, substantially as set forth.

2. In a bench-plane, the combination of the stock A, having a horizontal slot, a2, at its front part, a stop-gage, F2 the threaded shank of which is guided holes of the stock, and a screw-nut, F, the rim of which is engaged by the slot a2, so that the screw-nut F raises or lowers the stop-gage on being turned in one or the opposite direction, substantially as described.

3. In a bench-plane, the combination of the stock A., having a horizontal slot at its front part, a stop-gage, F2, the threaded shank of
which is guided in holes of the stock, an adjusting screw-nut, F, the rim of which is engaged by the slot a2, and a gage or fence, E, having a side recess, i, for the stop-gage F2 substantially as set forth.

In testimony I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JACOB SIEGLEY.

Witnesses:
CARL KARP,
SIDNEY MANN.

No. 446,194 – Bench Plane (Jacob Siegley) (1891)

[paiddownloads id=”64″]446194

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JACOB SIEGLEY, OF WILKES-BARRE, PENNSYLVANIA.

BENCH-PLANE.

_________________

SPECIFICATON forming part of Letters Patent No. 446,194, dated February 10, 1891.
Application filed May 23, 1890. Serial No. 352,944. (No model.)

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JACOB SIEGLEY, of Wilkes-Barre, in the county of Luzerne and State of Pennsylvania, a citizen of the United States, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specidcation.

This invention relates to certain improvements in the bench-plane for which Letters Patent No. 294,919 were granted to me heretofore under date of March 11, 1884, said improvements being designed with a view to simplify the adjustment and the clamping of the cutting tool or bit to the stock and to perrmit the quick and convenient adjustment of the bit.

The invention consists of a bench-plane in which the cutting tool or bit is rigidly fastened to the stock by a clamping-block having transverse steel edges that are pressed against the bit by a thumb-screw acting on the top of the block. The steel block is provided with a longitudinal top groove and guided by said groove on a fixed steel plate attached to the stock, so as to permit the adjustment of the clamping-block by a threaded shank turning in recesses of the stock and by a nut located in an opening of the stock, as will be more fully described hereinafter, and finally pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a side elevation of my improved bench-plane. Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section on the line 1 1, Fig. 1; and Figs. 3 and 4 are respectively a side elevation and a top view of the steel block for clamping the bit of the plane, said block and its adjusting screw-nut being drawn as detached from the stock.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the stock of my improved bench-plane, which stock is made of cast-iron or other suitable metal, and provided with a handle of the usual form at the rear end. The middle part of the stock is provided with an inclined recess a, in which the cutting tool or bit B is guided and locked in position by means of a steel block C, which is provided in its bottom facing the bit with transverse hardened-steel edges d d, that are pressed firmly against the bit by a wing-screw D, and hold it thereby securely in its place in the stock A. The top of the steel block C is provided with a longitndinal slot e, which is engaged by a steel plate e’, that is attached to the recessed side of the stock A by means of fastening-screws e2. The steel plate e’ serves for holding the steel block in position and guiding it in its up-and-down motion when it is adjusted with the bit. After the bit is adjusted the wing-screw D, which passes through the stock at right angles to the clamping-block C, is tightly applied to the block so as to clamp the same and the bit B firmly to the stock.

The steel block C is provided with a threaded shank f, which is located in recesses f’ of the stock and engaged by a screw-nut f2, having a milled rim, said screw-nut extending transversely through an opening f3 of the stock A and being retained in position therein by the adjacent portions of the stock. On turning the screw-nut f2 in one or the opposite direction the steel block C is moved up or down and carries the bit along so as to adjust the same in proper position in the stock. After the adjustment is made the wing-screw D is tightly applied to the steel block e’, so that the same clamps the bit firmly and securely in position.

My improved fastening and adjusting device for the bit permits the quick adjustment and reliable clamping of the same without necessitating the slotting or recessing of the bit for applying the adjusting device.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

1. The combination, with the stock, of a bench-plane, said stock having an inclined recess, a cutting tool or bit in said recess, a clamping-block having hardened edges bearing on said bit, and means for adjusting said steel block and bit, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with a stock having an inclined recess, of a cutting tool or bit seated in said recess, a clamping-block having hardened edges bearing on said bit, a wing-screw pressing on the top of the block for clamping it to the bit, and means for adjusting said block and bit, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, with a stock having an inclined recess, of a cutting tool or bit seated in said recess, a clamping-block having hardened edges at the bottom and a longitudinal guide-groove in its top, a steel plate attached to the stock and extending into said top groove, a wing-screw pressing in the top of the block for clamping the same to the bit, and means for adjusting the steel block and bit, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination, with a stock; having an inclined recess, of a cutting tool or bit seated in said recess, a clamping-block having transverse hardened edges at its bottom and a longitudinal groove in its top part, a fixed guide-plate extending into said groove, a threaded shank attached to the clamping-block and set into recesses of the stock, and an adjusting screw-nut engaging said shank and located in an opening of the stock, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JACOB SIEGLEY.

Witnesses:
HENRY JACKSON,
C. W. KULP.

No. 131,367 – Improvement In Carpenters Plows (Charles G. Miller) (1872)

[paiddownloads id=”55″]131367

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

CHARLES G. MILLER, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

IMPROVEMENT IN CARPENTERS’ PLOWS

_________________

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 131,367, dated September 17, 1872.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES G. MILLER, of New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carpenters’ Plows, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, in which —

Figure 1 is a side elevation of that side in which the cutting-“iron” is held. Fig. 2 is a side elevation from the opposite side. Fig. 3 is a plan view. Fig. 4 is a view of the under side of the cutting-“iron” Fig. 5 is a central vertical section ofthe handle through the dotted line x x.

The letter a indicates the main body of the plow, cast of metal, in one piece, with ornamental designs thereupon ; b, the guide at the left side of the plow, also cast in one piece. The letters c c’ indicate rods, which are screwed into the side of the main body a, and thereby made detachable therefrom at pleasure, so that the plow can be taken apart and packed into a small compass when not in use. This is believed to be a new feature and an improvement. The guide b slides upon these rods, being set at any desired point by means of the set-screws b1 b2, which are placed underneath the rods, and thus out of the way of the left hand of the operator. The placing of these screws in this position is also believed to be new. A knob, b3, pierced for the introduction of the rod c, projects from the left side of the guide b, thus affording a support for the left hand of the operator. This also is believed to be new. The cutting-chisel d, commonly called the “iron,” is secured in its place when in use by means of the balanced clamp e, embracing the body a, pivoted at e’, and operated by means of the cam f, which has an adjusting-screw, f1, by means of which the clamp can be made to pinch the “iron” with as much or as little force as desired. The application of such a clamp to this purpose and in this manner is believed to be new. To the end of this clamp is attached a shaving-guide, f2, not greatly unlike, in shape, the mold-board of a farmer’s plow, which avails to turn the shavings to the right and away from the plow as the chisel produces them from the wood. This combination of a shaving-guide with the clamp is believed to be new. The “iron” d is roughened on the under surface, at its base end, for the purpose of taking hold upon the seat h, upon which it rests. The iron also has a lengthwise groove, d’, which fits upon the edge a1, and thus keeps the iron from any sidewise motion. The base end of the iron rests upon the seat h, but it does not touch the edge a1 till it comes down where the star is, thus allowing the clamp to spring it firnily down into place, and insuring that the cutting-point of the “iron” shall set firmly upon the edge a1 at its lower end, thus obviating any clatter of the “iron.” This arrangenient and construction is believed to be new. Near the front end of the main body at is a gage to determine the depth of the cut of the “iron,” consisting of the fiat metal foot i, attached to the round pillar i1, set at any desired point by the set-screw i2.

The handle s is fastened to the main body a in a peculiar manner. This handle is of wood, slotted on its under side down to the line s’, the width of the slot being just the thickness of the rib a2, which rib is pierced with holes a3. Before the handle is put on, these holes a3 are filled with saw-dust and glue mixed, or with pieces of wood having glue upon them,and when the handle is put on the glue sets and thus fastens the handle on. This is also believed to be new.

I claim as my invention —

1. The combination of the cast-metal body a, the cast-metal guide b, and the rods c c’
screwed into the body a so as to be detachable, for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination of the cast-metal body a, the rods c c’, and the guide b having the set-screws for the said rods under the rods, substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination of the main body a, rod c, guide b, and knob b3 attached to the guide and pierced for the entrance of the rod, substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

4. The balanced clamp e pivoted to the main body a, and operated by means of the cam f, substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

5. In combination with the balanced clamp e, the shaving-guide f2 attached thereto, substantially as described.

6. The combination of the chisel or iron, roughened and grooved as described, with the main body as, having an edge, a1, so formed that the “iron” will only touch the body at two points, viz., the seat h and the lower part of the edge a1, substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

7. The construction and method shown for attaching the handle s to the main body.

CHARLES G. MILLER.

Witnesses:
WM. E. SIMONDS,
GEORGE G. SILL.

No. 104,753 – Improvement In Carpenters Planes (Charles G. Miller) (1870)

[paiddownloads id=”54″]104753

United States Patent Office.

CHARLES G. MILLER, OF BRATTLEBOROUGH, VERMONT.

Letters Patent No. 104,753, dated June 28, 1870.
_________________

IMPROVEMENT IN CARPENTERS’ PLANES.

_________________

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES G. MILLER, of Brattleborough, in the county of Windham and State of Vermont, have invented a new and improved Carpenter’s Plane; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing forming part of this specification.

Figure 1 represents a side view of my improved plane, showing it provided with gauge and rabbeting plane.

Figure 2 ls an end view, partly in section, of the same.

Figure 3 is a side view ofthe same, showing it provided with a grooving-plane.

Figure 4 is an end view of the same.

Figure 5 is s. detail transverse section of the same, on the line x x of fig. 3.

Figure 6 is a side view of the plane, showing it without the rabbeting-gauge.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

My invention relates to a oarpenter’s plane, and consists in certain improved means for making it convertible into a grooving, rabbetlng, or smoothing-plane, as hereinafter specified.

A, in the drawing, represents the stock of my improved plane. It is a narrow plate, cast, or otherwise formed of metal, with a handle, a, at its back end.

An inclined slot is cut in the stock A from the lower edge, the said slot forming the inclined bearing-surface b for the plow or grooving-iron B.

This plow B, which is shown in figs. 3 and 5, has its lower side grooved and fitted over the said inclined edge, as indicated in fig. 5.

The plow is clamped by means of an L-shaped lever, C, which is with one end pivoted by a pin, c, to the stock A, while its other end is formed into a screw, to receive a nut, d.

The upper arm of the lever C passes through. it tubular aperture of the stock, and has the nut d at the upper end.

By turning the nut the lever will be swung upon the plow, clamping the same to the stock. The plow can thus be readily adjusted and removed. This mode of fastening planing-irons is much more convenient than the ordinary wedge now in use.

From the stock A projects a slotted arm, D, horizontally, it being adapted to receive an arm of the horizontal gauge E.

This gauge is made in form of a bar, about as long as the stock A. It is secured to a frame, e, which has the arm f fitting against the slotted arm D of the stock.

A screw, g, clamps the gauge E to the arm f and permits the adjustment of said gauge toward and away from the stock A.

The gauge is held lower than the cutting-edge of the knife, and has for its object to guide the plane along the edge of a board, for grooving or rabbeting purposes.

Another vertical gauge, F, which is, by means of a slotted shank, h, and screw, i, secured to the face of the stock, serves to regulate the depth to which the groove or rabbet is to be cut.

G is a broad planing-knife, secured to an oblique-inclined plate, j, that projects from a horizontal plate, l, of equal width.

On one side the plate l has a projecting flange, m. The parts j l m constitute the detachable stock H ofthe knife G.

This stock can, by means of projecting hooks or screws, n, be secured to the side of the stock A, as in fig. 2, in which case the plow must be removed.

The stock A is slotted, or otherwise provided, to receive the fastening-device of the stock H.

Provided with the knife G and gauge E, the plane is prepared for rabbeting, as in fig. 2. Without the gauge E, it will be a plain smoothing-plane, for all kinds of jobs.

A screw, o, can be used in the frame e, to clamp the gauge E to the plate l of the stock H, as shown.

Having thus described my invention,

I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent —

1. The stocks A and H, combined with the gauge E, the three being constructed and relatively arranged as and for the purpose described.

2. A detachable stock, H, consisting of inclined plate j and horizontal plate l, flanged at m, all as and for the purpose described.

CHARLES G. MILLER.

Witnesses:
GEO. W. MABEE,
ALEX. F. ROBERTS.

No. 42,585 – Improvement In Grooving Or Panel Plows (William S. Loughborough) (1864)

[paiddownloads id=”103″]42585

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

WILLIAM S. LOUGHBOROUGH, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN GROOVING OR PANEL PLOWS.

_________________

Specification forming parts of Letters Patent No. 42,585, dated May 3, 1864.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WM. S. LOUGHBOROUGH, of Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Panel-Plow or Grooving-Plane; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specilication, in which —

Figure 1 is an elevation of the left side of the plane. Fig. 2 is an elevation of the right side. Fig. 3 is an end view of the fence B detached, showing the front arm, C.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

The nature of my invention consists, mainly, in the peculiar construction of the stock of panel-plows or other grooving-planes ; also, in a novel and efficient means for securing the adjustment of the fence by simply turning one screw, and in an improved manner of securing the bits in this class of planes.

A in the drawings represents the skeleton stock; B, the fence; C and C’, the arms; D, the thumb-screw ibr fastening the bit; E, the screw for fastening the arms of the fence; a, the screw for holding the stop S ; G, the bit ; b and b’, the clamping-bars, and w the wedge, which is operated upon by the screw E, by which it is driven down between the end of the bars b and b’, causing them to clamp firmly against the arms of the fence and to hold it securely in position. The wedge should be made sufficiently obtuse to cause it to recede from between the bars whenever relieved by the screw.

The body or stock A of the plane is made, as seen in the drawings, with an enlargement, d, running diagonally across and projecting equally on each side. Within this enlargement is formed a mortise, through which the bit G is placed. This mortise should be five-eighths to three-fourths of an inch wide, and it is recessed on the front or upper side, as indicated by the dotted lines, which is done by enlarging the core. Said core should also have a projection on the right side, near the lower end, to form the opening under the clasp f for the bar b1’ to pass through. The clasp g is formed by “coping out” in molding, part ofthe stop being removed, as seen in Fig. 1, to show the recess. The oval-shaped recess in which the wedge w is placed is formed in the same manner, and is made deep enough to receive the upper end of the bars b and b’ and the thickness of the flange i. The clasp g is extended over the upper rib of the arm G, and a similar bearing is provided over C’ by the projection a. These bearings prevent the arms from “tilting” when released by the screw E. The projections J should be long enough to prevent any cramping of the arms when the fence is being moved either way, and also to secure its parallel movement, it being cast or otherwise rigidly fixed to the arms.

The stop S is secured between the diagonal ribs r by the screw a, which may have a milled head, if desired. The ribs r are cast with the stock, and they receive all the diagonal strain coming upon the stop, thereby relieving the screw a from all lateral strain. The stock A is thickened by the button u (seen in Fig. 2) to increase the threaded bearing ofthe screw a.

The arch N of the throatway may be formed on either side ofthe stock, but the right hand side is probably preferable.

The bits G are made of uniform thickness from end to end, and are provided, the same as other plow-bits, with a central groove in the back side, which rides the front end of the rear plate, P’, and they are so fitted in the mortise as to have a bearing at t before they strike the rest at v, against which they are forced by the screw D and firmly held. This manner of fitting the bits, always effecting a perfect bearing of the bit at t, whether a wide or narrow one is used, insures the discharge of the shavings.

The plate p projects each side across the stock so as to form the seat for the handle H centrally behind the bit. The handle is held against the side plate, lt, by the screw s, and the rear end is firmly held in position by a screw through the base plate p at y.

The fence B may be removed at any time without deranging the clamping devices, the flange i of the wedge to preventing the end of the bars b and b’ from falling out. There is a shoulder on the back side of b’ at e, Fig. 2, which strikes against the case of the bit-mortise, and thus prevents the bar from dropping away from the flange i, and b is kept in position longitudinally by the point c resting against the stock.

If desired, the arms G and C’ may be made separate from the fence B and attached thereto by screws or otherwise; but I prefer to cast them together, as shown in the drawings.

Among the many advantages afforded by making these tools of metal instead of wood are the following: They are much less cumber-some, are more durable, the parts are much more readily and perfectly adjusted, they work better and easier, because they never choke or clog with the shavings, and they can be sold for less than one-half the cost of wooden planes of the same variety.

The plates P and P’ are cast on the stock A, thereby avoiding the labor and expense of fitting and attaching them by screws or other-wise.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

1. The above-described panel plow or plane, when constructed, arranged, and combined in the manner and for the purposes specified, as a new article of manufacture.

2. Securing the gage of the fence B at any desired point by operating a single screw, E, substantially in the manner specified.

WM. S. LOUGHBOROUGH.

Witnesses:
A. C. DICKINSON,
A. H. BILLINGS.

No. 594 – Plow Plane Screw Arms (Emanuel W. Carpenter) (1838)

[paiddownloads id=”17″]594

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

EMANUEL W. CARPENTER, OF LANCASTER, PENNSYLVANIA.

METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING THE SCREW-ARMS FOR ALL KINDS OF PLANES REGULATED WITH SCREW-ARMS.

_________________

Specification of Letters Patent No. 594, dated February 6, 1838.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EMANUEL W. CARPENTER, of the city of Lancaster, State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful improvement in the mode of regulating plow-planes, tongue and grooves, fillisters, and such other planes as are regulated by screw-arms; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description.

That part of the arm to which the fence is attached (marke E in the drawing) I make of hard wood about an inch thick, one inch and seven eighths broad and about two and three fourths inches high. A hole is bored near its upper edge large enough to receive the screw part of the arm (letter F) which is kept to its place by means of a groove cut around the screw near its head and by a broad dowel (letter I) let into this groove from the top of the first described piece. Two screw holes are made through the body of the plane one near each end to receive the screw arms or male screws (F) ; then by turning these screw arms, by applying the power to their heads, you regulate the fence with the body of the plane, with ease and exactness, but to hold each more firmly to its place when regulated, a screw nut (G) is placed on each arm on the left side of the body of the plane and a larger one (H) on the right side and by screwing these up when the plane is set, to wit, by bringing the two on the right side close to the body of the plane and the two on the left side close to the upright (E) part of the arm, the fence is kept firm to its place during the working of the plane. A 2d method : In this arm, the dowel may be omitted, the screw nut (G) being brought close to the first described piece E and pinned fast through the screw arm. A 3d method is by having the arm to which the fence is attached, E, in two pieces, the lower piece to extend up to the center of the arm. A hole is made, one half in each of these pieces, a groove is cut, round, in the head of the screw arm sufficiently large to admit these pieces into it, these pieces are then fastened together with two iron screws. A 4th method differs from the last described, in boring the hole half through on the left side with one bit end and on the other with a larger bit and cutting the groove in the screw arm to fit this hole and then fastening the two pieces together with iron screws as in the last, this one like the first, has also a screw nut on the arm F to keep this part more firm.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is —

The method of making and applying the screw arms to the plane as described, which regulate the fence with great ease and accuracy and give it an increased firmness over all others now in use.

EML. W. CARPENTER.

Witnesses:
SAML. DALE,
MICHL. DALE.

No. 1,032,956 – Plow Plane (Jacob Siegley) (1912)

[paiddownloads id=”67″]1032956

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

JACOB SIEGLEY, OF WILKES-BARRE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO STANLEY RULE & LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PLANE.

_________________

1,032,956. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented July 16, 1912.

Application filed October 18, 1911. Serial No. 655,361.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JACOB SIEGLEY. a citizen of the United States, residing at Wilkes-Barre, Luzerne county, Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to planes, particularly of the kind known as router or beading planes, which are adapted for beading, matching or rabbeting.

The object of the invention is to provide an improved construction in which the mouth of the planemay be easily freed of shavings; to provide an improved depth gage between the runners to determine the depth of a matched tongue or beading ; to provide improved means for steadying the parts of the adjustable runner, and to improve the structure of these planes generally.

With these objects in view, the invention consists in the construction and arrangment of parts, the preferred embodiment of which is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which —

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plane embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view on the the line 2–2 Fig. 1, looking toward the front. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the forward section of the adjustable runner detatched. Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3 of the rear section of the adjustable runner. Fig. 5 is a fragmentary view of a plane iron showing the form of depth gage heretofore usually employed.

In the embodiment of my invention herein selected for illustration, 1 indicates the plane stock having the usual handle 2, and adjusting means designated generally by 3 for adjusting the plane iron 4. The stock is provided with the usual laterally extending supporting pins 5 and 6 upon which at one side of the stock is secured an edge guide 7. The stock, furthermore, is provided with a runner 8, usually integral with the stock and fixed relatively to the position of the plane iron. Upon the side of the stock opposite the runner 8 I provide a second runner, which in my improved construction consists of the forward section 9, which is mounted upon the forward supporting pin 5 and is steadied in position by steadying pin 10 extending laterally from the stock. This section of the runner may be provided with the usual depth gage 11 for beading or matching purposes. The rear section 12 of this two-part adjustable runner is mounted on the supporting pin 6, and the body of this section is provided at its forward end with a hook 13 arranged to extend over the plane iron 4 when the latter is in position, thus serving both as a steadying means for the forward end of the rear runner section 12 and as a steadying means for the plane iron.

In planes of this character as heretofore constructed, and for the purposes of determining the depth of the channel, bead or tongue to be cut, the plane iron, as 14, Fig. 5, is provided with a depth gage 15, adjustably mounted in a slot 16 of the plane iron by means of a screw 17, said slot 16 of course determining the depth in this case of a matching tongue to be formed. In my improved plane I dispense with a depth gage on the plane iron and mount a depth gage between the runners, as indicated in Figs. 1 and 2, in which 17 is the depth gage shoe, 18 the depth gage rod and 19 a clamp for holding said depth gage in adjusted position. By an inspection of Figs. 1 and 2 it will be seen that the range of adjustment of the depth gage 17 greatly exceeds that of the depth gage 15 on the plane iron as heretofore constructed. Furthermore, this depth gage may obviously be adjusted to required position without in any way disturbing the plane iron then mounted in the stock. The depth gage rod 18 has a suitable bearing against the side of the stock, so that as the clamp 19 is tightened by means of its thumb nut 20, the depth gage will be firmly held in adjusted position. This clamping means constitutes one of the features of my invention and comprises a head which surrounds the depth gage rod and a shank which extends through a suitable perforation in the stock upon the extremity of which shank the clamping nut is mounted so that the gage rod is drawn securely against the bearing face on the stock.

By reason of the independent mounting of the forward and rear sections of the adjustable runner, I dispense with the usual arch or bridge which unites the forward and rear portions of the adjustable runners now in use, so that the mouth of the plane is left entirely free for egress of shavings, whereby the plane iron is less likely to become clogged.

While I have herein described a particular embodiment of my invention, it is to be understood that the same may be altered in detail and relative arrangement of parts within the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. In a bench plane, the combination with a stock having a fixed runner, of an adjustable runner spaced therefrom, a plane iron between said runners, means for attaching said adjustable runner to the stock, and means for simultaneously steadying said adjustable runner and said plane iron.

2. In a bench plane, the combination with a stock having a fixed runner, of an adjustable runner comprising a forward section, means for attaching said forward section to the stock, means for steadying said forward section in position, a rear section, means for mounting said section upon the stock, a plane iron supported between said fixed and adjustable runners and means for simultaneously steadying said rear section and the plane iron.

3. In a bench plane, the combination with a stock having a fixed runner, of an adjustable runner spaced laterally therefrom and comprising two separate sections independently and adjustably carried by said stock, and a depth gage extending between said fixed runner and the said adjustable runner.

4. In a bench plane, the combination with a stock having a fixed runner, of an adjustable runner comprising a forward section mounted on said gage stock and an independent rear section also mounted on said stock, said rear section having a hook at its forward end adapted to overlie and steady the plane iron at the same time to steady said rear section in operative position.

5. In a bench plane, the combination with a stock having a fixed runner, of a second runner comprising a plurality of independent aligned sections spaced laterally of said fixed runner, means for adjustably supporting said sections from the stock, and means independent of said supporting means for steadying each of said sections in position.

6. In a bench plane, the combination with a stock having a fixed runner, of a second runner spaced laterally therefrom and comprising independent forward and rear sections having their adjacent ends spaced apart to form a free and unobstructed plane mouth, means for adjustably supporting said sections laterally from the stock, and means independent of said supporting means for separately steadying each of said sections in position.

JACOB SIEGLEY.

Witnesses:
JOHN P. POLLOCK,
J.L. CAREY.

_________________

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.”
_________________

No. 17,735 – Securing The Stock To The Guide Rods Of Joiner’s Plows (Stephen Going) (1857)

[paiddownloads id=”48″]17735

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

_________________

STEPHEN GOING, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

DEVICE FOR SECURING THE STOCK TO THE GUIDE-RODS OF JOINERS’ PLOWS.

_________________

Specification of Letters Patent No. 17,735, dated July 7, 1857.

_________________

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, STEPHEN GOING, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Plow for Joiners’ Use; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, in which —

Figure 1 is a front view of my improvement. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section ofthe same (x) (x) Fig. 1, indicating the plane of section. Fig. 3 is also a longitudinal vertical section of the same, (y) (y) Fig. 1, indicating the plane of section.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

My invention consists in the peculiar mode of securing the stock on guide-rods which are attached to the gage.

The invention has for its object the ready adjustment of the stock on the guide rods.

To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and construct my invention, I will proceed to describe it.

A represents the gage to which two parallel cylindrical rods B, B, are attached. The gage is of the usual construction, and the rods B, B, which are guide rods, are attached to the gage in the usual way.

The guide rods B, B, ass transversely through the stock C. This stock is constructed in the usual manner.

Within the stock C a metallic rod or bar D is placed. The bar D is fitted in a recess (a) in the stock, and the lower end of a screw E is fitted into the center of the bar D. The screw E passes vertically into the stock C, and the ends of the bar D have each a concave surface as shown at (b) Fig. 3, and these concave surfaces (b) are at the bottom of the circular openings through which the guide rods B, B, pass. The recess (a) in the stock is made sufficiently large to allow a certain degree of vertical play or movement to the bar D, so that when the bar D is forced down to the lower part of the recess (a) by turning the screw E, the stock will be allowed to work freely back and forth on the guide rods. And when the stock is to be secured on the rods the concave surfaces (b) are pressed or bound firmly up a ainst the rods B, so that the stock will be firmly clamped to them. By this means the stock C may be readily moved and secured at any desired point on the rods B, and the parallelism of the stock and gage will always be preserved.

F represents the iron which is fitted in an inclined mortise in the stock. This mortise is of slightly taper form longitudinally, and a wooden key G is litted therein.

H is a screw-rod, which asses obliquely into the stock C, and at right angles to the face of the iron F. The inner part of the screw rod passes through a nut (c) placed in the stock as shown in Fig. 2, and the inner end of the rod, which has a journal (d)
formed on it, is fitted in a recess in the key G.

It will be seen from the above description of parts that by merely turning the screw-rod H, the key G may be made to press tightly against the iron F and secure the same firmly in the mortise. And as the screw-rod H , passes into the key G at right angles to it tlhe back of the iron F will be pressed firmly against the back of the mortise, and the iron will thus be prevented from working loose in the mortise. The great advantage in this arrangement is the relative position of the screw-rod with the iron and key, namely, at right angles. If the screw-rod were laced obliquely with the iron F, the iron wouild be liable to work loose in the mortise.

The ordinary plows, at least those of the most approved kind, have their stocks rendered adjustable on their guide rods by having screw-threads formed on said rods, and nuts and followers fitted thereon. The objection to the most modern plow now in use is that considerable time is lost in adjusting the iron placed in said stock at any parallel line required. By my improvement the iron in said stock may be adjusted with the greatest facility and also at parallel lines at any point of said guide rods.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

Securing the stock C, on the guide-rods B, B, by means of the bar D, fitted within the stock and actuated by the screw E, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

STEPHEN GOING.

Witnesses:
W. TUSCH,
J. F. BUCKLEY.